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318 relations: Acacia, Acacia baileyana, Acacia cultriformis, Acacia dealbata, Acacia longifolia, Acacia melanoxylon, Acacia paradoxa, Acacia pycnantha, Acacia retinodes, Acacia saligna, Acacia verticillata, Achene, Actinomyces, Actinorhizal plant, Adenosine triphosphate, Africa, Agardh, Albizia, Albizia julibrissin, Alfalfa, Alkaloid, Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle, Alysicarpus, American Journal of Botany, Americas, Amherstia, Ammonia, Aneuploidy, Anno Domini, Annual plant, Ant, Anti-inflammatory, Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, APG III system, Arachis, Archean, Asia, Asteraceae, Astragalus, Atmosphere, Augustin Pyramus de Candolle, Australia, Bacteria, Bauhinia, Bauhinia × blakeana, Bauhinia forficata, Bean, Bee, Berry, Beta-Nitropropionic acid, ..., Betulaceae, Biennial plant, Biome, Bombus hortorum, Botany (journal), Brazil, C3 carbon fixation, Cadia (plant), Caesalpinia, Caesalpinioideae, Calliandra, Calliandra tweediei, Caragana, Castanospermum, Casuarinaceae, Cellular respiration, Ceratonia siliqua, Cercidoideae, Cercis, Cercis siliquastrum, Cereal, Chickpea, Chloroplast, Citric acid cycle, Clade, Cladistics, Clianthus puniceus, Clover, Conserved name, Coriaria, Coronilla, Cosmopolitan distribution, Costa Rica, Cough medicine, Crop rotation, Crotalaria, Cyamopsis, Cyanidin, Cyanogen, Cytisus scoparius, Dalbergia, Datisca, Defense in insects, Dehiscence (botany), Delonix, Delphinidin, Derris, Desmodium gangeticum, Detarioideae, Detarium, Dialioideae, Dialium, Diazotroph, Dichrostachys cinerea, DNA, Domatium, Drupe, Duparquetia, Elaeagnaceae, Ellagic acid, Embryophyte, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Entomophily, Enzyme inhibitor, Eocene, Epiphyte, Erythrina crista-galli, Erythrina falcata, Erythrostemon gilliesii, Europe, Euryarchaeota, Evolution (journal), Fabales, Faboideae, Family (biology), Fertilizer, Flavonoid, Floral symmetry, Flower, Flowering plant, Fodder, Follicle (fruit), Forisome, Fossil, Frankia, Friedrich Gottlieb Bartling, Friedrich Welwitsch, Fruit, Gene, Genista monspessulana, Gleditsia, Glossary of leaf morphology, Green manure, Guar, Guar gum, Gum arabic, Gynoecium, Gynophore, Habit (biology), Habitat, Haematoxylin, Herbaceous plant, Himachal Pradesh, Hippocrepis, Histology, Holocene, Honey locust, Hong Kong, Hosackia stipularis, Human evolution, Hydraulic redistribution, Hypanthium, India, Indigo, Indigofera, Indigofera suffruticosa, Indigofera tinctoria, Inflorescence, Inga, Insect, Intercropping, International Association for Plant Taxonomy, International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, Intron, Isoflavonoid, Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link, John Lindley, Kaempferol, Kashubia, Kentucky coffeetree, Koompassia excelsa, Kudzu, Kullu, Laburnum, Laburnum anagyroides, Legume, Lentil, Leucaena, Leucine, Liana, Liquorice, Loment, Lotus (genus), Lupinus, Lupinus arboreus, Lupinus polyphyllus, Medicago, Melilotus, Meristem, Mesophyte, Mesquite, Mimosa, Mimosoideae, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Monophyly, Mutualism (biology), Myricaceae, Myricetin, Nastic movements, Natural gum, Nectar, Nitrate, Nitrogen, Nitrogen fixation, Orchidaceae, Ornamental plant, Outgroup (cladistics), Ovary (botany), Oxygen, Oxytropis, Paleocene, Paleogene, Pantropical, Papilionaceous flower, Paraserianthes lophantha, Parkinsonia aculeata, Pasture, Patricio Ponce de León, Paubrasilia, Paul Dietrich Giseke, Pea, Peanut, Perennial plant, Pest (organism), Petal, Phaseolus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Phenylalanine, Phyllotaxis, Phylogenetics, Phylum, Pinnation, Pisum, Plant reproductive morphology, Pollen, Pollination, Pollinator, Polygalaceae, Polysaccharide, Proanthocyanidin, Prosopis, Prosopis chilensis, Protein, Pterocarpan, Pueraria montana var. lobata, Pulvinus, Quercetin, Quillaja, Retama monosperma, Rhamnaceae, Rhizobia, Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773), Robinia, Robinia hispida, Robinia pseudoacacia, Root nodule, Rosaceae, Rosidae, Rotenone, RuBisCO, Samara (fruit), Scorpiurus (plant), Securigera, Seed, Senegalia senegal, Senegalia visco, Senna (plant), Senna multiglandulosa, Sepal, Sesbania, Sesbania rostrata, Shrub, Sophora macrocarpa, Soybean, Spartium, Spermatophyte, Stamen, Stigma (botany), Stipule, Styphnolobium japonicum, Sucrose, Surianaceae, Sweet pea, Symbiosis, Synonym (taxonomy), Tamarind, Tara spinosa, Tendril, Tertiary, Tethys Ocean, Tipuana, Tragacanth, Tree, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Tyrosine, Ulex europaeus, Ulmaceae, Uronic acid, Uruguay, Vachellia caven, Vachellia karroo, Vegetable oil, Vicia, Vicia sativa, Vine, Wisteria sinensis, Xerophyte. Expand index (268 more) »
Acacia
Acacia, commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
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Acacia baileyana
Acacia baileyana or Cootamundra wattle is a shrub or tree in the genus Acacia. The scientific name of the species honours the botanist Frederick Manson Bailey. It is indigenous to a small area of southern New South Wales in Australia, but it has been widely planted in other Australian states and territories. In many areas of Victoria, it has become naturalised and is regarded as a weed, outcompeting indigenous Victorian species. Almost all wattles have cream to golden flowers. The small flowers are arranged in spherical to cylindrical inflorescences, with only the stamens prominent. Wattles have been extensively introduced into New Zealand.
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Acacia cultriformis
Acacia cultriformis, known as the knife-leaf wattle, dogtooth wattle, half-moon wattle or golden-glow wattle, is a perennial tree or shrub of the genus Acacia native to Australia.
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Acacia dealbata
Acacia dealbata (known as silver wattle, blue wattle or mimosa) is a species of Acacia, native to southeastern Australia in New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, and the Australian Capital Territory and widely introduced in Mediterranean, warm temperate, and highland tropical landscapes.
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Acacia longifolia
Acacia longifolia is a species of Acacia native to southeastern Australia, from the extreme southeast of Queensland, eastern New South Wales, eastern and southern Victoria, and southeastern South Australia.
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Acacia melanoxylon
Acacia melanoxylon, commonly known as the Australian blackwood, is an Acacia species native in South eastern Australia.
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Acacia paradoxa
Acacia paradoxa is a plant in the Fabaceae family.
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Acacia pycnantha
Acacia pycnantha, commonly known as the golden wattle, is a tree of the family Fabaceae native to southeastern Australia.
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Acacia retinodes
Acacia retinodes is an evergreen shrub that is native to South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania.
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Acacia saligna
Acacia saligna, commonly known by various names including coojong, golden wreath wattle, orange wattle, blue-leafed wattle, Western Australian golden wattle, and, in Africa, Port Jackson willow, is a small tree in the family Fabaceae.
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Acacia verticillata
Acacia verticillata (prickly Moses; prickly-leaved wattle; star-leaved acacia; prickly mimosa; whorl-leaved acacia) is a perennial shrub to small tree native to Australia and Tasmania.
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Achene
An achene (Greek ἀ, a, privative + χαίνειν, chainein, to gape; also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp) is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants.
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Actinomyces
Actinomyces is a genus of the Actinobacteria class of bacteria.
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Actinorhizal plant
Actinorhizal plants are a group of angiosperms characterized by their ability to form a symbiosis with the nitrogen fixing actinobacteria Frankia.
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Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a complex organic chemical that participates in many processes.
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Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).
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Agardh
Agardh is a surname.
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Albizia
Albizia is a genus of about 150 species of mostly fast-growing subtropical and tropical trees and shrubs in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae.
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Albizia julibrissin
Albizia julibrissin (Persian silk tree, pink silk tree) is a species of tree in the family Fabaceae, native to southwestern and eastern Asia.
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Alfalfa
Alfalfa, Medicago sativa also called lucerne, is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world.
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Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of naturally occurring chemical compounds that mostly contain basic nitrogen atoms.
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Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle
Alphonse Louis Pierre Pyrame de Candolle (28 October 18064 April 1893) was a French-Swiss botanist, the son of the Swiss botanist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle.
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Alysicarpus
Alysicarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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American Journal of Botany
The American Journal of Botany is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal which covers all aspects of plant biology.
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Americas
The Americas (also collectively called America)"America." The Oxford Companion to the English Language.
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Amherstia
Amherstia nobilis (သော်ကကြီး; the Pride of Burma, in the Fabaceae family) is a tropical tree with large, showy flowers.
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Ammonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.
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Aneuploidy
Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, for example a human cell having 45 or 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46.
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Anno Domini
The terms anno Domini (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used to label or number years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars.
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Annual plant
An annual plant is a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seeds, within one year, and then dies.
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Ant
Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera.
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Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory, or antiinflammatory, refers to the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation or swelling.
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Antoine Laurent de Jussieu
Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (12 April 1748 – 17 September 1836) was a French botanist, notable as the first to publish a natural classification of flowering plants; much of his system remains in use today.
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APG III system
The APG III system of flowering plant classification is the third version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG).
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Arachis
Arachis is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the pea family (Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade of the Dalbergieae.
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Archean
The Archean Eon (also spelled Archaean or Archæan) is one of the four geologic eons of Earth history, occurring (4 to 2.5 billion years ago).
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Asia
Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.
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Asteraceae
Asteraceae or Compositae (commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite,Great Basin Wildflowers, Laird R. Blackwell, 2006, p. 275 or sunflower family) is a very large and widespread family of flowering plants (Angiospermae).
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Astragalus
Astragalus is a large genus of about 3,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae and the subfamily Faboideae.
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Atmosphere
An atmosphere is a layer or a set of layers of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body.
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Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
Augustin Pyramus de Candolle also spelled Augustin Pyrame de Candolle (4 February 17789 September 1841) was a Swiss botanist.
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.
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Bacteria
Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.
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Bauhinia
Bauhinia is a genus of more than 500 species of flowering plants in the subfamily Cercidoideae and tribe Bauhinieae, in the large flowering plant family Fabaceae, with a pantropical distribution.
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Bauhinia × blakeana
Bauhinia blakeana commonly called the Hong Kong Orchid Tree is a legume tree of the genus Bauhinia, with large thick leaves and striking purplish red flowers.
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Bauhinia forficata
Bauhinia forficata, commonly known as Brazilian orchid tree,Pata de Vaca,, Pezuña de Vaca is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Peru.
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Bean
A bean is a seed of one of several genera of the flowering plant family Fabaceae, which are used for human or animal food.
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Bee
Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the European honey bee, for producing honey and beeswax.
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Berry
A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit.
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Beta-Nitropropionic acid
beta-Nitropropionic acid (3-nitropropanoic acid, BPA, 3-NPA, C3H5NO4) is a mycotoxin, a potent mitochondrial inhibitor, toxic to humans.
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Betulaceae
Betulaceae, the birch family, includes six genera of deciduous nut-bearing trees and shrubs, including the birches, alders, hazels, hornbeams, hazel-hornbeam, and hop-hornbeams numbering a total of 167 species.
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Biennial plant
A biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes two years to complete its biological lifecycle.
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Biome
A biome is a community of plants and animals that have common characteristics for the environment they exist in.
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Bombus hortorum
The garden bumblebee or small garden bumblebee, Bombus hortorum, is a species of bumblebee found in most of Europe north to 70°N, as well as parts of Asia and New Zealand.
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Botany (journal)
Botany is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that has been published since 1951 by NRC Research Press.
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Brazil
Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.
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C3 carbon fixation
carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, along with c4 and CAM.
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Cadia (plant)
Cadia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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Caesalpinia
Caesalpinia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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Caesalpinioideae
Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae.
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Calliandra
Calliandra is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, in the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.
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Calliandra tweediei
Calliandra tweedii is a species of flowering plants of the genus Calliandra in the Fabaceae family.
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Caragana
Caragana is a genus of about 80–100 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, native to Asia and eastern Europe.
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Castanospermum
Castanospermum australe (Moreton Bay Chestnut or Blackbean), the only species in the genus Castanospermum, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the east coast of Australia in Queensland and New South Wales, and to the Pacific islands of Vanuatu, New Caledonia, and the island of New Britain (Papua New Guinea).
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Casuarinaceae
The Casuarinaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of four genera and 91 species of trees and shrubs native to the Australia, Southeast Asia, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacific Islands.
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Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
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Ceratonia siliqua
Ceratonia siliqua, known as the carob tree or carob bush, St John's-bread, locust bean (not African locust bean), or simply locust-tree, is a flowering evergreen tree or shrub in the pea family, Fabaceae.
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Cercidoideae
Cercidoideae is a subfamily in the pea family, Fabaceae.
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Cercis
Cercis, is a genus of about 10 species in the subfamily Cercidoideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to warm temperate regions.
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Cercis siliquastrum
Cercis siliquastrum, commonly known as the Judas tree or Judas-tree, is a small deciduous tree from Southern Europe and Western Asia which is noted for its prolific display of deep pink flowers in spring.
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Cereal
A cereal is any edible components of the grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis) of cultivated grass, composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran.
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Chickpea
The chickpea or chick pea (Cicer arietinum) is a legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.
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Chloroplast
Chloroplasts are organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells.
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Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Clade
A clade (from κλάδος, klados, "branch"), also known as monophyletic group, is a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants, and represents a single "branch" on the "tree of life".
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Cladistics
Cladistics (from Greek κλάδος, cládos, i.e., "branch") is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on the most recent common ancestor.
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Clianthus puniceus
Clianthus puniceus, common name kaka beak (Kōwhai Ngutu-kākā in Māori), is a species of flowering plant in the genus Clianthus of the legume family Fabaceae, native to New Zealand's North Island.
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Clover
Clover or trefoil are common names for plants of the genus Trifolium (Latin, tres "three" + folium "leaf"), consisting of about 300 species of plants in the leguminous pea family Fabaceae.
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Conserved name
A conserved name or nomen conservandum (plural nomina conservanda, abbreviated as nom. cons.) is a scientific name that has specific nomenclatural protection.
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Coriaria
Coriaria is the sole genus in the family Coriariaceae described by Linnaeus in 1753.
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Coronilla
The genus Coronilla contains about 20 species of flowering plants native to Europe and North Africa.
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Cosmopolitan distribution
In biogeography, a taxon is said to have a cosmopolitan distribution if its range extends across all or most of the world in appropriate habitats.
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Costa Rica
Costa Rica ("Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica (República de Costa Rica), is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island.
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Cough medicine
Cough medicines are medications used in those with coughing and related conditions.
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Crop rotation
Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of dissimilar or different types of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons.
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Crotalaria
Crotalaria is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae (subfamily Faboideae) commonly known as rattlepods.
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Cyamopsis
Cyamopsis is a genus of the family Fabaceae.
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Cyanidin
Cyanidin is a natural organic compound.
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Cyanogen
Cyanogen is the chemical compound with the formula (CN)2.
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Cytisus scoparius
Cytisus scoparius, the common broom or Scotch broom, syn. Sarothamnus scoparius, is a perennial leguminous shrub native to western and central Europe.
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Dalbergia
Dalbergia is a large genus of small to medium-size trees, shrubs and lianas in the pea family, Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.
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Datisca
The Datiscaceae are a family of dicotyledonous plants, containing two species of the genus Datisca.
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Defense in insects
Insects have a wide variety of predators, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, carnivorous plants, and other arthropods.
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Dehiscence (botany)
Dehiscence is the splitting along a built-in line of weakness in a plant structure in order to release its contents, and is common among fruits, anthers and sporangia.
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Delonix
Delonix is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae.
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Delphinidin
Delphinidin (also delphinidine) is an anthocyanidin, a primary plant pigment, and also an antioxidant.
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Derris
Derris is genus of leguminous plants found in Southeast Asia and the southwest Pacific islands, including New Guinea.
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Desmodium gangeticum
Desmodium gangeticum (Sanskrit: अंशुमती anshumati, ध्रुवा dhruva, दीर्घमूला dirghamoola, पीवरी pivari, शालपर्णी shalaparni) is a plant in the Fabaceae family.
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Detarioideae
The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae (legumes).
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Detarium
Detarium is a plant genus of the family Fabaceae (legume family).
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Dialioideae
The subfamily Dialioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae (legumes).
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Dialium
Dialium is a genus of legume in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Dialioideae.
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Diazotroph
Diazotrophs are bacteria and archaea that fix atmospheric nitrogen gas into a more usable form such as ammonia.
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Dichrostachys cinerea
Dichrostachys cinerea, known as sicklebush, Bell mimosa, Chinese lantern tree or Kalahari Christmas tree (South Africa), is a legume of the genus Dichrostachys in the Fabaceae family.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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Domatium
A domatium (plural: domatia, from the Latin "domus", meaning home) is a tiny chamber produced by plants that houses arthropods.
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Drupe
In botany, a drupe (or stone fruit) is an indehiscent fruit in which an outer fleshy part (exocarp, or skin; and mesocarp, or flesh) surrounds a single shell (the pit, stone, or pyrene) of hardened endocarp with a seed (kernel) inside.
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Duparquetia
Duparquetia orchidacea is a liana which is native to tropical west Africa.
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Elaeagnaceae
The Elaeagnaceae are a plant family, the oleaster family, of the order Rosales comprising small trees and shrubs, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical Asia and Australia.
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Ellagic acid
Ellagic acid is a natural phenol antioxidant found in numerous fruits and vegetables.
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Embryophyte
The Embryophyta are the most familiar group of green plants that form vegetation on earth.
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Enterolobium cyclocarpum
Enterolobium cyclocarpum, commonly known as guanacaste, caro caro, or elephant-ear tree, is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to tropical regions of the Americas, from central Mexico south to northern Brazil (Roraima) and Venezuela.
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Entomophily
Entomophily or insect pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen of plants, especially but not only of flowering plants, is distributed by insects.
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Enzyme inhibitor
4QI9) An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity.
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Eocene
The Eocene Epoch, lasting from, is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era.
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Epiphyte
An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it.
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Erythrina crista-galli
Erythrina crista-galli, often known as the cockspur coral tree, is a flowering tree in the family Fabaceae, native to Argentina, Uruguay, southern Brazil and Paraguay.
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Erythrina falcata
Erythrina falcata (syn. Corallodendron falcatum (Benth.) Kuntze, Erythrina crista-galli L. var. inermis Speg., Erythrina martii Colla), commonly known as the Brazilian coral tree, is a timber tree native to Atlantic Forest vegetation in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina.
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Erythrostemon gilliesii
Erythrostemon gilliesii is a shrub in the legume family.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Euryarchaeota
Euryarchaeota (Greek for "broad old quality") is a phylum of archaea.
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Evolution (journal)
Evolution, the International Journal of Organic Evolution, is a monthly scientific journal that publishes significant new results of empirical or theoretical investigations concerning facts, processes, mechanics, or concepts of evolutionary phenomena and events.
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Fabales
The Fabales are an order of flowering plants included in the rosid group of the eudicots in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II classification system.
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Faboideae
The Faboideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae.
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Family (biology)
In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.
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Fertilizer
A fertilizer (American English) or fertiliser (British English; see spelling differences) is any material of natural or synthetic origin (other than liming materials) that is applied to soils or to plant tissues to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants.
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Flavonoid
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids) (from the Latin word flavus meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of plant and fungus secondary metabolites.
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Floral symmetry
Floral symmetry describes whether, and how, a flower, in particular its perianth, can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts.
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Flower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms).
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Flowering plant
The flowering plants, also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with 416 families, approximately 13,164 known genera and c. 295,383 known species.
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Fodder
Fodder, a type of animal feed, is any agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs.
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Follicle (fruit)
In botany, a follicle is a dry unilocular fruit formed from one carpel, containing two or more seeds.
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Forisome
Forisomes are proteins occurring in the sieve tubes of Fabaceae.
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Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging") is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
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Frankia
Frankia is a genus of nitrogen-fixing, filamentous bacteria that live in symbiosis with actinorhizal plants, similar to the Rhizobium bacteria found in the root nodules of legumes in the family Fabaceae.
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Friedrich Gottlieb Bartling
Friedrich Gottlieb Bartling (December 9, 1798 – November 20, 1875) was a German botanist who was a native of Hanover.
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Friedrich Welwitsch
Friedrich Martin Josef Welwitsch (5 February 1806 – 20 October 1872) was an Austrian explorer and botanist who in Angola discovered the plant Welwitschia mirabilis.
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Fruit
In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) formed from the ovary after flowering.
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Gene
In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.
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Genista monspessulana
Genista monspessulana (syn. Cytisus monspessulanus or Teline monspessulana) also known as French broom, Montpellier broom and Cape broom, is a woody perennial shrub and a legume.
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Gleditsia
Gleditsia (locust) is a genus of trees in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, native to North America and Asia.
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Glossary of leaf morphology
The following is a defined list of terms which are used to describe leaf morphology in the description and taxonomy of plants.
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Green manure
In agriculture, green manure is created by leaving uprooted or sown crop parts to wither on a field so that they serve as a mulch and soil amendment.
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Guar
The Guar or cluster bean, with the botanical name Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, is an annual legume and the source of guar gum.
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Guar gum
Guar gum, also called guaran, is a galactomannan polysaccharide extracted from guar beans that has thickening and stabilizing properties useful in the food and hydraulic fracturing industries.
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Gum arabic
Gum arabic, also known as acacia gum, arabic gum, gum acacia, acacia, Senegal gum and Indian gum, and by other names, is a natural gum consisting of the hardened sap of various species of the acacia tree.
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Gynoecium
Gynoecium (from Ancient Greek γυνή, gyne, meaning woman, and οἶκος, oikos, meaning house) is most commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds.
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Gynophore
A gynophore is the stalk of certain flowers which supports the gynoecium (the ovule-producing part of a flower), elevating it above the branching points of other floral parts.
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Habit (biology)
Habit is equivalent to habitus in some applications in biology; the term refers variously to aspects of behaviour or structure, as follows.
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Habitat
In ecology, a habitat is the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives.
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Haematoxylin
Haematoxylin or hematoxylin, also called natural black 1 or C.I. 75290, is a compound extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree (Haematoxylum campechianum).
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Herbaceous plant
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plants that have no persistent woody stem above ground.
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Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh (literally "snow-laden province") is a Indian state located in North India.
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Hippocrepis
Hippocrepis is a genus of ornamental plants in the family Fabaceae.
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Histology
Histology, also microanatomy, is the study of the anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals using microscopy.
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Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch.
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Honey locust
The honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos) also known as the thorny locust, is a deciduous tree in the Fabaceae family, native to central North America where it is mostly found in the moist soil of river valleys ranging from southeastern South Dakota to New Orleans and central Texas, and as far east as eastern Massachusetts.
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory of China on the eastern side of the Pearl River estuary in East Asia.
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Hosackia stipularis
Hosackia stipularis, synonym Lotus stipularis, is a species of legume endemic to California.
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Human evolution
Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus Homo – and leading to the emergence of Homo sapiens as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.
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Hydraulic redistribution
Hydraulic redistribution refers to the mechanism by which some vascular plants redistribute soil water.
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Hypanthium
In angiosperms, a hypanthium or floral cup is a structure where basal portions of the calyx, the corolla, and the stamens form a cup-shaped tube.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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Indigo
Indigo is a deep and rich color close to the color wheel blue (a primary color in the RGB color space), as well as to some variants of ultramarine.
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Indigofera
Indigofera is a large genus of over 750 species of flowering plants belonging to the pea family Fabaceae.
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Indigofera suffruticosa
Indigofera suffruticosa, commonly known as Guatemalan indigo, small-leaved indigo (Sierra Leone), West Indian indigo, wild indigo, and anil, is a flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae.
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Indigofera tinctoria
Indigofera tinctoria, also called true indigo, is a species of plant from the bean family that was one of the original sources of indigo dye.
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Inflorescence
An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches.
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Inga
Inga (common name shimbillo) is a genus of small tropical, tough-leaved, nitrogen-fixing treesElkan, Daniel.
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Insect
Insects or Insecta (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates and the largest group within the arthropod phylum.
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Intercropping
Intercropping is a multiple cropping practice involving growing two or more crops in proximity.
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International Association for Plant Taxonomy
The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) promotes an understanding of plant biodiversity, facilitates international communication of research between botanists, and oversees matters of uniformity and stability in plant names.
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International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all those "traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants".
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Intron
An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is removed by RNA splicing during maturation of the final RNA product.
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Isoflavonoid
Isoflavonoids are a class of flavonoid phenolic compounds, many of which are biologically active.
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Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link
Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link (2 February 1767 – 1 January 1851) was a German naturalist and botanist.
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John Lindley
John Lindley FRS (5 February 1799 – 1 November 1865) was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist.
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Kaempferol
Kaempferol is a natural flavonol, a type of flavonoid, found in a variety of plants and plant-derived foods.
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Kashubia
Kashubia or Cassubia (Kaszëbë, Kaszuby, Kaschubei, Kaschubien) is a language area in the historic Eastern Pomerania (Pomerelia) region of northwestern Poland.
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Kentucky coffeetree
The Kentucky coffeetree, Gymnocladus dioicus, is a tree in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to the Midwest and Upper South of North America.
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Koompassia excelsa
Koompassia excelsa, also known as Tualang (Tapang), or Mengaris, is an emergent tropical rainforest tree species in the Fabaceae family.
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Kudzu
Kudzu (also called Japanese arrowroot) is a group of plants in the genus Pueraria, in the pea family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.
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Kullu
Kullu or Kulu is the capital town of the Kullu district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.
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Laburnum
Laburnum, sometimes called golden chain or golden rain, is a genus of two species of small trees in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
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Laburnum anagyroides
Laburnum anagyroides, the common laburnum, golden chain or golden rain, is a species in the subfamily Faboideae, and genus Laburnum.
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Legume
A legume is a plant or its fruit or seed in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae).
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Lentil
The lentil (Lens culinaris or Lens esculenta) is an edible pulse.
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Leucaena
Leucaena is a genus of flowering plants in the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the legume family Fabaceae.
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Leucine
Leucine (symbol Leu or L) is an essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Liana
A liana is any of various long-stemmed, woody vines that are rooted in the soil at ground level and use trees, as well as other means of vertical support, to climb up to the canopy to get access to well-lit areas of the forest.
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Liquorice
Liquorice (British English) or licorice (American English) is the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra from which a sweet flavour can be extracted.
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Loment
A loment (or lomentum) is a type of indehiscent legume fruit that breaks apart at constrictions occurring between segments, so that each segment contains one seed.
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Lotus (genus)
Lotus, a latinization of Greek lōtos (λωτός), is a genus that includes most bird's-foot trefoils (also known as bacon-and-eggs) and deervetches and contains many dozens of species distributed worldwide.
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Lupinus
Lupinus, commonly known as lupin or lupine (North America), is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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Lupinus arboreus
Lupinus arboreus, common name yellow bush lupine (US) or tree lupin (UK), is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae.
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Lupinus polyphyllus
Lupinus polyphyllus (large-leaved lupine, big-leaved lupine, many-leaved lupine or, primarily in cultivation, garden lupin) is a species of lupine (lupin) native to western North America from southern Alaska and British Columbia east to Quebec, and western Wyoming, and south to Utah and California.
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Medicago
Medicago is a genus of flowering plants, commonly known as medick or burclover, in the legume (Fabaceae) family.
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Melilotus
Melilotus, known as melilot, sweet clover, and kumoniga (from the Cumans),Bulgarian Folk Customs, Mercia MacDermott, pg 27 is a genus in the family Fabaceae (the same family that also includes the Trifolium clovers).
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Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.
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Mesophyte
Mesophytes are terrestrial plants which are adapted to neither a particularly dry nor particularly wet environment.
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Mesquite
Mesquite is a common name for several plants in the genus Prosopis, which contains over 40 species of small leguminous trees.
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Mimosa
Mimosa is a genus of about 400 species of herbs and shrubs, in the mimosoid clade of the legume family Fabaceae.
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Mimosoideae
The Mimosoideae are trees, herbs, lianas, and shrubs that mostly grow in tropical and subtropical climates.
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Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of evolutionary biology and phylogenetics.
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Monophyly
In cladistics, a monophyletic group, or clade, is a group of organisms that consists of all the descendants of a common ancestor.
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Mutualism (biology)
Mutualism or interspecific cooperation is the way two organisms of different species exist in a relationship in which each individual benefits from the activity of the other.
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Myricaceae
The Myricaceae are a small family of dicotyledonous shrubs and small trees in the order Fagales.
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Myricetin
Myricetin is a member of the flavonoid class of polyphenolic compounds, with antioxidant properties.
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Nastic movements
Nastic movements are non-directional responses to stimuli (e.g. temperature, humidity, light irradiance), and are usually associated with plants.
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Natural gum
Natural gums are polysaccharides of natural origin, capable of causing a large increase in a solution’s viscosity, even at small concentrations.
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Nectar
Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide antiherbivore protection.
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Nitrate
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula and a molecular mass of 62.0049 u.
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Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.
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Nitrogen fixation
Nitrogen fixation is a process by which nitrogen in the Earth's atmosphere is converted into ammonia (NH3) or other molecules available to living organisms.
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Orchidaceae
The Orchidaceae are a diverse and widespread family of flowering plants, with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant, commonly known as the orchid family.
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Ornamental plant
Ornamental plants are plants that are grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects, as houseplants, for cut flowers and specimen display.
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Outgroup (cladistics)
In cladistics or phylogenetics, an outgroup is a group of organisms that serves as a reference group when determining the evolutionary relationships of the ingroup, the set of organisms under study, and is distinct from sociological outgroups.
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Ovary (botany)
In the flowering plants, an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or gynoecium.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Oxytropis
Oxytropis is a genus of plants in the legume family.
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Paleocene
The Paleocene or Palaeocene, the "old recent", is a geological epoch that lasted from about.
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Paleogene
The Paleogene (also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Mya.
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Pantropical
A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers tropical regions of both hemispheres.
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Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes.
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Paraserianthes lophantha
Paraserianthes lophantha, commonly called Albizia, Cape Leeuwin Wattle, Cape Wattle, Crested Wattle or plume albizia,it's originally from South America, and is a fast-growing wattle tree that occurs naturally along the southwest coast of Western Australia, from Fremantle to King George Sound.
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Parkinsonia aculeata
Parkinsonia aculeata is a species of perennial flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae.
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Pasture
Pasture (from the Latin pastus, past participle of pascere, "to feed") is land used for grazing.
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Patricio Ponce de León
Patricio Ponce de León (August 26, 1919 – February 26, 2010) was a Cuban mycologist.
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Paubrasilia
Paubrasilia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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Paul Dietrich Giseke
Paul Dietrich Giseke (8 December 1741 Hamburg, Germany – 26 April 1796), was a German botanist, physician, teacher and librarian.
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Pea
The pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum.
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Peanut
The peanut, also known as the groundnut or the goober and taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea, is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds.
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Perennial plant
A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years.
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Pest (organism)
A pest is a plant or animal detrimental to humans or human concerns including crops, livestock, and forestry.
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Petal
Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers.
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Phaseolus
Phaseolus (bean, wild bean) is a genus in the family Fabaceae containing about 70 plant species, all native to the Americas, primarily Mesoamerica.
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Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris, also known as the common bean and green bean, among other names, is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or unripe fruit (both commonly called beans).
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Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an α-amino acid with the formula.
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Phyllotaxis
In botany, phyllotaxis or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem (from Ancient Greek phýllon "leaf" and táxis "arrangement").
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Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: φυλή, φῦλον – phylé, phylon.
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Phylum
In biology, a phylum (plural: phyla) is a level of classification or taxonomic rank below Kingdom and above Class.
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Pinnation
Pinnation (also called pennation) is the arrangement of feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis.
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Pisum
Pisum is a genus of the family Fabaceae, native to southwest Asia and northeast Africa.
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Plant reproductive morphology
Plant reproductive morphology is the study of the physical form and structure (the morphology) of those parts of plants directly or indirectly concerned with sexual reproduction.
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Pollen
Pollen is a fine to coarse powdery substance comprising pollen grains which are male microgametophytes of seed plants, which produce male gametes (sperm cells).
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Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from a male part of a plant to a female part of a plant, enabling later fertilisation and the production of seeds, most often by an animal or by wind.
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Pollinator
A pollinator is an animal that moves pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma of a flower.
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Polygalaceae
The Polygalaceae or the milkwort family are made up of flowering plants in the order Fabales.
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Polysaccharide
Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate molecules composed of long chains of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages, and on hydrolysis give the constituent monosaccharides or oligosaccharides.
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Proanthocyanidin
Proanthocyanidins are a class of polyphenols found in a variety of plants.
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Prosopis
Prosopis is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae.
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Prosopis chilensis
Prosopis chilensis is a species of tree in the genus Prosopis, belonging to the family Fabaceae.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Pterocarpan
Pterocarpans are derivatives of isoflavonoids found in the Fabaceae family.
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Pueraria montana var. lobata
Pueraria montana var.
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Pulvinus
A pulvinus (pl. pulvini) is a joint-like thickening at the base of a plant leaf or leaflet that facilitates growth-independent (nyctinastic and thigmonastic) movement.
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Quercetin
Quercetin, a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols, is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, and grains; red onions and kale are common foods containing appreciable content of quercetin.
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Quillaja
Quillaja is a genus of flowering plants, the only genus in the family Quillajaceae with two or three known species.
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Retama monosperma
Retama monosperma, the bridal broom or bridal veil broom, is a flowering bush species in the genus Retama.
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Rhamnaceae
The Rhamnaceae are a large family of flowering plants, mostly trees, shrubs, and some vines, commonly called the buckthorn family.
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Rhizobia
Rhizobia are bacteria that fix nitrogen (diazotrophs) after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes (Fabaceae).
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Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)
Robert Brown FRSE FRS FLS MWS (21 December 1773 – 10 June 1858) was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope.
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Robinia
Robinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae, native to North America and northern Mexico.
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Robinia hispida
Robinia hispida, known as the bristly locust, rose-acacia, or moss locust, is a shrub in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
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Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia, commonly known in its native territory as black locust, is a medium-sized deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States, but it has been widely planted and naturalized elsewhere in temperate North America, Europe, Southern Africa and Asia and is considered an invasive species in some areas.
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Root nodule
Root nodules occur on the roots of plants (primarily Fabaceae) that associate with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
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Rosaceae
Rosaceae, the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants, including 4,828 known species in 91 genera.
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Rosidae
Under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), Rosidae is a botanical name at the rank of subclass.
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Rotenone
Rotenone is an odorless, colorless, crystalline isoflavone used as a broad-spectrum insecticide, piscicide, and pesticide.
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RuBisCO
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, commonly known by the abbreviations RuBisCO, RuBPCase, or RuBPco, is an enzyme involved in the first major step of carbon fixation, a process by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted by plants and other photosynthetic organisms to energy-rich molecules such as glucose.
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Samara (fruit)
A samara is a winged achene, a type of fruit in which a flattened wing of fibrous, papery tissue develops from the ovary wall.
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Scorpiurus (plant)
Scorpiurus, the scorpion's-tails, is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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Securigera
The genus Securigera contains a number of plant species commonly referred to as crownvetch.
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Seed
A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering.
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Senegalia senegal
Senegalia senegal (until recently known as Acacia senegal) is a small thorny deciduous tree from the genus Senegalia, which is known by several common names, including Gum acacia, Gum arabic tree, Sudan gum and Sudan gum arabic.
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Senegalia visco
Senegalia visco is a perennial tree native to South America.
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Senna (plant)
Senna (from Arabic sanā), the sennas, is a large genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae, and the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.
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Senna multiglandulosa
Senna multiglandulosa is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by several common names, including glandular senna, downy senna, and buttercup bush.
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Sepal
A sepal is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants).
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Sesbania
Sesbania is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, and the only genus found in tribe Sesbanieae.
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Sesbania rostrata
Sesbania rostrata is a small semi-aquatic leguminous tree, in the genus Sesbania.
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Shrub
A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized woody plant.
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Sophora macrocarpa
Sophora macrocarpa is a species of flowering tree or shrub of the genus Sophora, belonging to the Fabaceae family.
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Soybean
The soybean (Glycine max), or soya bean, is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses.
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Spartium
Spartium junceum, commonly known as Spanish broom or weaver's broom, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae.
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Spermatophyte
The spermatophytes, also known as phanerogams or phenogamae, comprise those plants that produce seeds, hence the alternative name seed plants.
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Stamen
The stamen (plural stamina or stamens) is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
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Stigma (botany)
The stigma (plural: stigmata) is the receptive tip of a carpel, or of several fused carpels, in the gynoecium of a flower.
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Stipule
In botany, stipule (Latin stipula: straw, stalk) is a term coined by LinnaeusConcise English Dictionary Wordsworth Editions Ltd.
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Styphnolobium japonicum
Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott, the Japanese pagoda tree (Chinese scholar tree, pagoda tree; syn. Sophora japonica) is a species of tree in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
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Sucrose
Sucrose is common table sugar.
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Surianaceae
The Surianaceae are a family of plants in the order Fabales with five genera and eight known species.
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Sweet pea
The sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus) is a flowering plant in the genus Lathyrus in the family Fabaceae (legumes), native to Sicily, Cyprus, southern Italy and the Aegean Islands.
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Symbiosis
Symbiosis (from Greek συμβίωσις "living together", from σύν "together" and βίωσις "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic.
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Synonym (taxonomy)
In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name,''ICN'', "Glossary", entry for "synonym" although the term is used somewhat differently in the zoological code of nomenclature.
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Tamarind
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a leguminous tree in the family Fabaceae indigenous to tropical Africa.
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Tara spinosa
Tara spinosa, commonly known as tara (Quechua), is a small leguminous tree or thorny shrub native to Peru.
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Tendril
In botany, a tendril is a specialized stem, leaves or petiole with a threadlike shape that is used by climbing plants for support, attachment and cellular invasion by parasitic plants, generally by twining around suitable hosts found by touch.
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Tertiary
Tertiary is the former term for the geologic period from 65 million to 2.58 million years ago, a timespan that occurs between the superseded Secondary period and the Quaternary.
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Tethys Ocean
The Tethys Ocean (Ancient Greek: Τηθύς), Tethys Sea or Neotethys was an ocean during much of the Mesozoic Era located between the ancient continents of Gondwana and Laurasia, before the opening of the Indian and Atlantic oceans during the Cretaceous Period.
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Tipuana
Tipuana tipu, also known as tipa, rosewood and pride of Bolivia, is a South American tree.
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Tragacanth
Tragacanth is a natural gum obtained from the dried sap of several species of Middle Eastern legumes of the genus Astragalus, including A. adscendens, A. gummifer, A. brachycalyx, and A. tragacantha.
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Tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species.
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Trifolium pratense
Trifolium pratense, the red clover, is a herbaceous species of flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae, native to Europe, Western Asia and northwest Africa, but planted and naturalised in many other regions.
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Trifolium repens
Trifolium repens, the white clover (also known as Dutch clover, Ladino clover, or Ladino), is a herbaceous perennial plant in the bean family Fabaceae (previously referred to as Leguminosae).
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Tyrosine
Tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins.
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Ulex europaeus
Ulex europaeus (gorse, common gorse, furze or whin) is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to portions of Europe from the northern United Kingdom south to Portugal, and from the western Republic of Ireland east to Galicja in Poland and Ukraine.
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Ulmaceae
The Ulmaceae are a family of flowering plant that includes the elms (genus Ulmus), and the zelkovas (genus Zelkova).
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Uronic acid
The Fischer projections of glucose and glucuronic acid. Glucose's terminal carbon's primary alcohol group has been oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Uronic acids are a class of sugar acids with both carbonyl and carboxylic acid functional groups.
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Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (República Oriental del Uruguay), is a sovereign state in the southeastern region of South America.
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Vachellia caven
Vachellia caven (Roman Cassie, Aromita, Aromo Criollo, Caven, Churque, Churqui, Espinillo, Espinillo de Baado, Espino, Espino Maulino) is an ornamental tree in the Fabaceae family.
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Vachellia karroo
Vachellia karroo, commonly known as the Sweet thorn, is a species of acacia, native to southern Africa from southern Angola east to Mozambique, and south to South Africa.
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Vegetable oil
Vegetable oils, or vegetable fats, are fats extracted from seeds, or less often, from other parts of fruits.
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Vicia
Vicia is a genus of about 140 species of flowering plants that are part of the legume family (Fabaceae), and which are commonly known as vetches.
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Vicia sativa
Vicia sativa, known as the common vetch, garden vetch, tare or simply vetch, is a nitrogen-fixing leguminous plant in the family Fabaceae.
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Vine
A vine (Latin vīnea "grapevine", "vineyard", from vīnum "wine") is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas or runners.
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Wisteria sinensis
Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria) is a woody, deciduous, perennial climbing vine in the genus Wisteria, native to China in the provinces of Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, and Yunnan.
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Xerophyte
A xerophyte (from Greek ξηρός xeros dry, φυτόν phuton plant) is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water, such as a desert or an ice- or snow-covered region in the Alps or the Arctic.
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Bean family, Legume family, Leguminaceae, Leguminosae, Leuminosae, Papillionaceae, Pea Family, Pea family, Pea flower, Pea flowers, Pea-flower, Pea-flowers, Peaflower, Peaflowers, Pulse family.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabaceae
