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51 relations: Aluminium, Amygdule, Aphanite, Augite, Breccia, Feldspar, Felsite, Geology, Granite, Hornblende, Igneous rock, Iron, List of minerals, List of rock types, Lustre (mineralogy), Mafic, Magma, Magnesium, Metamorphic rock, Monzonite, Muscovite, Obsidian, Orthoclase, Oxygen, Pegmatite, Petrology, Phanerite, Phenocryst, Plagioclase, Porphyritic, Potassium, Protolith, Pumice, Pyroclastic rock, Pyroxene, QAPF diagram, Quartz, Rhyolite, Rock (geology), Shear (geology), Silicate minerals, Silicic acid, Silicon, Sodium, Specific gravity, TAS classification, Tonalite, Tuff, Vesicular texture, Volcanic rock, ..., Volcano. Expand index (1 more) »
Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
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Amygdule
Amygdules or amygdales form when the gas bubbles or vesicles in volcanic lava (or other extrusive igneous rocks) are infilled with a secondary mineral such as calcite, quartz, chlorite or one of the zeolites.
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Aphanite
Aphanite, or aphanitic as an adjective (from the Greek αφανης, "invisible"), is a name given to certain igneous rocks that are so fine-grained that their component mineral crystals are not detectable by the unaided eye (as opposed to phaneritic igneous rocks, where the minerals are visible to the unaided eye).
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Augite
Augite is a common rock-forming pyroxene mineral with formula (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6.
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Breccia
Breccia is a rock composed of broken fragments of minerals or rock cemented together by a fine-grained matrix that can be similar to or different from the composition of the fragments.
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Feldspar
Feldspars (KAlSi3O8 – NaAlSi3O8 – CaAl2Si2O8) are a group of rock-forming tectosilicate minerals that make up about 41% of the Earth's continental crust by weight.
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Felsite
Felsite is a very fine-grained volcanic rock that may or may not contain larger crystals.
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Geology
Geology (from the Ancient Greek γῆ, gē, i.e. "earth" and -λoγία, -logia, i.e. "study of, discourse") is an earth science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time.
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Granite
Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture.
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Hornblende
Hornblende is a complex inosilicate series of minerals (ferrohornblende – magnesiohornblende).
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Igneous rock
Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic.
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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List of minerals
This is a list of minerals for which there are articles on Wikipedia.
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List of rock types
The following is a list of rock types recognized by petrologists.
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Lustre (mineralogy)
Lustre or luster is the way light interacts with the surface of a crystal, rock, or mineral.
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Mafic
Mafic is an adjective describing a silicate mineral or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron, and is thus a portmanteau of magnesium and '''f'''err'''ic'''.
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Magma
Magma (from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma) meaning "thick unguent") is a mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles and solids that is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and is expected to exist on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form".
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Monzonite
Monzonite is an igneous intrusive rock.
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Muscovite
Muscovite (also known as common mica, isinglass, or potash mica) is a hydrated phyllosilicate mineral of aluminium and potassium with formula KAl2(AlSi3O10)(FOH)2, or (KF)2(Al2O3)3(SiO2)6(H2O).
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Obsidian
Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed as an extrusive igneous rock.
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Orthoclase
Orthoclase, or orthoclase feldspar (endmember formula KAlSi3O8), is an important tectosilicate mineral which forms igneous rock.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Pegmatite
A pegmatite is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals usually larger than 2.5 cm in size (1 in); such rocks are referred to as pegmatitic.
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Petrology
Petrology (from the Greek πέτρος, pétros, "rock" and λόγος, lógos, "subject matter", see -logy) is the branch of geology that studies rocks and the conditions under which they form.
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Phanerite
A phanerite is an igneous rock whose microstructure is made up of crystals large enough to be distinguished with the unaided eye.
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Phenocryst
1 euro coin (diameter 2.3 cm) for scale. A phenocryst is an early forming, relatively large and usually conspicuous crystal distinctly larger than the grains of the rock groundmass of an igneous rock.
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Plagioclase
Plagioclase is a series of tectosilicate (framework silicate) minerals within the feldspar group.
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Porphyritic
Porphyritic is an adjective used in geology, specifically for igneous rocks, for a rock that has a distinct difference in the size of the crystals, with at least one group of crystals obviously larger than another group.
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Potassium
Potassium is a chemical element with symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number 19.
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Protolith
A protolith is the original, unmetamorphosed rock from which a given metamorphic rock is formed (proto-: first; lithos: rock; both Greek).
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Pumice
Pumice, called pumicite in its powdered or dust form, is a volcanic rock that consists of highly vesicular rough textured volcanic glass, which may or may not contain crystals.
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Pyroclastic rock
Pyroclastic rocks or pyroclastics (derived from the πῦρ, meaning fire; and κλαστός, meaning broken) are clastic rocks composed solely or primarily of volcanic materials.
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Pyroxene
The pyroxenes (commonly abbreviated to Px) are a group of important rock-forming inosilicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks.
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QAPF diagram
A QAPF diagram is a double ternary diagram which is used to classify igneous rocks based on mineralogic composition.
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Quartz
Quartz is a mineral composed of silicon and oxygen atoms in a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO2.
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Rhyolite
Rhyolite is an igneous, volcanic rock, of felsic (silica-rich) composition (typically > 69% SiO2 – see the TAS classification).
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Rock (geology)
Rock or stone is a natural substance, a solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids.
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Shear (geology)
sinistral shear sense''', Starlight Pit, Fortnum Gold Mine, Western Australia Shear is the response of a rock to deformation usually by compressive stress and forms particular textures.
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Silicate minerals
Silicate minerals are rock-forming minerals with predominantly silicate anions.
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Silicic acid
Silicic acid is the general name for a family of chemical compounds containing the element silicon attached to oxide and hydroxyl groups, with the general formula n or,equivalently, n. They are generally colorless and sparingly soluble in water.
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Silicon
Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14.
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Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.
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Specific gravity
Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance; equivalently, it is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of a reference substance for the same given volume.
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TAS classification
The TAS classification can be used to assign names to many common types of volcanic rocks based upon the relationships between the combined alkali content and the silica content.
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Tonalite
Tonalite is an igneous, plutonic (intrusive) rock, of felsic composition, with phaneritic texture.
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Tuff
Tuff (from the Italian tufo) is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption.
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Vesicular texture
Vesicular texture is a volcanic rock texture characterized by a rock being pitted with many cavities (known as vesicles) at its surface and inside.
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Volcanic rock
Volcanic rock (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) is a rock formed from magma erupted from a volcano.
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Volcano
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
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Redirects here:
Acid lava, Acid rock (geology), Felsic Rock, Felsic magma, Felsic mineral, Felsic rock, Leucocratic.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsic
