Table of Contents
53 relations: Abbasid Caliphate, Adar, Ahai of Shabha, Amoraim, Amram ben Sheshna, Aramaic, Biblical Hebrew, Buyid dynasty, Cairo Geniza, Chananel ben Chushiel, Constantinople, Dodai ben Nahman, Elul, Exilarch, Gaon (Hebrew), Hai ben Sherira, Halachot Pesukot, Halakha, Hebrew calendar, Hebrew language, Hezekiah ben David, Israel Moses Hazan, Jewish philosophy, Jewish Virtual Library, Kairouan, Louis Ginzberg, Maimonides, Middle Ages, Mishnah, Nissim ben Jacob, Pumbedita Academy, Rabbinic literature, Responsa, Rishonim, Romanization of Hebrew, Rosh yeshiva, Saadia Gaon, Samuel ben Hofni, Sanhedrin, Savoraim, Semikhah, She'iltot, Sherira ben Hanina, Siddur, Simeon Kayyara, Sura Academy, Talmud, Talmudic academies in Babylonia, The Book of Beliefs and Opinions, Thessaloniki, ... Expand index (3 more) »
- Rabbis by rabbinical period
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
See Geonim and Abbasid Caliphate
Adar
Adar (Hebrew:,; from Akkadian adaru) is the sixth month of the civil year and the twelfth month of the religious year on the Hebrew calendar, roughly corresponding to the month of March in the Gregorian calendar.
See Geonim and Adar
Ahai of Shabha
Achai Gaon (also known as Ahai of Shabḥa or Aha of Shabḥa, Hebrew: רב אחא משַׁבָּחָא) was a leading scholar during the period of the Geonim, an 8th-century Talmudist of high renown.
Amoraim
Amoraim (אמוראים, singular Amora אמורא; "those who say" or "those who speak over the people", or "spokesmen") refers to Jewish scholars of the period from about 200 to 500 CE, who "said" or "told over" the teachings of the Oral Torah. Geonim and Amoraim are rabbis by rabbinical period.
Amram ben Sheshna
Amram bar Sheshna or Amram Gaon (עמרם בר ששנא or עמרם גאון; died 875) was a gaon or head of the Academy of Sura in Lower Mesopotamia in the ninth century.
See Geonim and Amram ben Sheshna
Aramaic
Aramaic (ˀərāmiṯ; arāmāˀiṯ) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia and the Sinai Peninsula, where it has been continually written and spoken in different varieties for over three thousand years.
Biblical Hebrew
Biblical Hebrew (rtl ʿīḇrîṯ miqrāʾîṯ or rtl ləšôn ham-miqrāʾ), also called Classical Hebrew, is an archaic form of the Hebrew language, a language in the Canaanitic branch of the Semitic languages spoken by the Israelites in the area known as the Land of Israel, roughly west of the Jordan River and east of the Mediterranean Sea.
See Geonim and Biblical Hebrew
Buyid dynasty
The Buyid dynasty (Âl-i Bōya), also spelled Buwayhid (Al-Buwayhiyyah), was a Zaydi and, later, Twelver Shia dynasty of Daylamite origin, which mainly ruled over central and southern Iran and Iraq from 934 to 1062.
Cairo Geniza
The Cairo Geniza, alternatively spelled the Cairo Genizah, is a collection of some 400,000 Jewish manuscript fragments and Fatimid administrative documents that were kept in the genizah or storeroom of the Ben Ezra Synagogue in Fustat or Old Cairo, Egypt.
Chananel ben Chushiel
Chananel ben Chushiel or Ḥananel ben Ḥushiel (חננאל בן חושיאל), an 11th-century Kairouanan rabbi and Talmudist, was in close contact with the last Geonim.
See Geonim and Chananel ben Chushiel
Constantinople
Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.
Dodai ben Nahman
Dodai ben Nahman (Hebrew: דודאי בן נחמן or Rav Dorai, Hebrew: רב דוראי) was a Babylonian-Jewish scholar of the 8th century and gaon of the Talmudic academy at Pumbedita (761–764).
See Geonim and Dodai ben Nahman
Elul
Elul (Hebrew:, Standard, Tiberian) is the twelfth month of the civil year and the sixth month of the religious year in the Hebrew calendar.
See Geonim and Elul
Exilarch
The exilarch was the leader of the Jewish community in Persian Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) during the era of the Parthians, Sasanians and Abbasid Caliphate up until the Mongol invasion of Baghdad in 1258, with intermittent gaps due to ongoing political developments.
Gaon (Hebrew)
Gaon (גאון, gā'ōn,, plural geonim,, gĕ'ōnīm) may have originated as a shortened version of "Rosh Yeshivat Ge'on Ya'akov", although there are alternative explanations.
Hai ben Sherira
Hai ben Sherira (Hebrew: האיי בר שרירא) better known as Hai Gaon (Hebrew: האיי גאון), was a medieval Jewish theologian, rabbi and scholar who served as Gaon of the Talmudic academy of Pumbedita during the early 11th century.
See Geonim and Hai ben Sherira
Halachot Pesukot
Halachot Pesukot is a rabbinic work written by Yehudai Gaon in the geonic era, containing chapters on common Jewish halachic themes.
See Geonim and Halachot Pesukot
Halakha
Halakha (translit), also transliterated as halacha, halakhah, and halocho, is the collective body of Jewish religious laws that are derived from the Written and Oral Torah.
Hebrew calendar
The Hebrew calendar (translit), also called the Jewish calendar, is a lunisolar calendar used today for Jewish religious observance and as an official calendar of Israel.
See Geonim and Hebrew calendar
Hebrew language
Hebrew (ʿÎbrit) is a Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic language family.
See Geonim and Hebrew language
Hezekiah ben David
Hezekiah Gaon or Hezekiah ben David (חזקיה בן דוד) was the last Gaon of the Talmudic academy in Pumbedita from 1038–1040.
See Geonim and Hezekiah ben David
Israel Moses Hazan
Israel Moses Hazan (1808 October 1862 in Beirut) was a Sephardic rabbi from Smyrna.
See Geonim and Israel Moses Hazan
Jewish philosophy
Jewish philosophy includes all philosophy carried out by Jews, or in relation to the religion of Judaism.
See Geonim and Jewish philosophy
Jewish Virtual Library
The Jewish Virtual Library (JVL, formerly known as JSOURCE) is an online encyclopedia published by the American foreign policy analyst Mitchell Bard's non-profit organization American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE).
See Geonim and Jewish Virtual Library
Kairouan
Kairouan, also spelled El Qayrawān or Kairwan (al-Qayrawān, Qeirwān), is the capital of the Kairouan Governorate in Tunisia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Louis Ginzberg
Louis Ginzberg (לוי גינצבורג, Levy Gintzburg; Леви Гинцберг, Levy Ginzberg; November 28, 1873 – November 11, 1953) was a Russian-born American rabbi and Talmudic scholar of Lithuanian-Jewish descent, contributing editor to numerous articles of The Jewish Encyclopedia (1906), and leading figure in the Conservative movement of Judaism during the early 20th century.
Maimonides
Moses ben Maimon (1138–1204), commonly known as Maimonides and also referred to by the Hebrew acronym Rambam (רמב״ם), was a Sephardic rabbi and philosopher who became one of the most prolific and influential Torah scholars of the Middle Ages.
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.
Mishnah
The Mishnah or the Mishna (מִשְׁנָה, "study by repetition", from the verb shanah, or "to study and review", also "secondary") is the first major written collection of the Jewish oral traditions that are known as the Oral Torah.
Nissim ben Jacob
Nissim ben Jacob (ניסים בן יעקב), also known as Nissim Gaon (Our teacher Nissim the Gaon; 990–1062), was a rabbi and Gaon best known today for his Talmudic commentary ha-Mafteach, by which title he is also known.
See Geonim and Nissim ben Jacob
Pumbedita Academy
Pumbedita Academy or Pumbedita Yeshiva (ישיבת פומבדיתא; sometimes Pumbeditha, Pumpedita, Pumbedisa) was a yeshiva in present-day Iraq, called Babylon, during the era of the Amoraim and Geonim sages.
See Geonim and Pumbedita Academy
Rabbinic literature
Rabbinic literature, in its broadest sense, is the entire spectrum of works authored by rabbis throughout Jewish history.
See Geonim and Rabbinic literature
Responsa
Responsa (plural of Latin responsum, 'answer') comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them.
Rishonim
Rishonim (the first ones; sing. ראשון, Rishon) were the leading rabbis and poskim who lived approximately during the 11th to 15th centuries, in the era before the writing of the Shulchan Aruch (שׁוּלחָן עָרוּך, "Set Table", a common printed code of Jewish law, 1563 CE) and following the Geonim (589–1038 CE). Geonim and Rishonim are rabbis by rabbinical period.
Romanization of Hebrew
The Hebrew language uses the Hebrew alphabet with optional vowel diacritics.
See Geonim and Romanization of Hebrew
Rosh yeshiva
Rosh yeshiva (ראש ישיבה, pl. ראשי ישיבה,; Anglicized pl. rosh yeshivas) is the title given to the dean of a yeshiva, a Jewish educational institution that focuses on the study of traditional religious texts, primarily the Talmud and the Torah, and halakha (Jewish law).
Saadia Gaon
Saʿadia ben Yosef Gaon (882/892 – 942) was a prominent rabbi, gaon, Jewish philosopher, and exegete who was active in the Abbasid Caliphate.
Samuel ben Hofni
Samuel ben Hofni (שמואל בן חפני; died 1034; abbreviation: הרשב״ח "The Rashbaḥ") was the gaon of Sura Academy in Mesopotamia ("Babylonia") from 998 to 1012.
See Geonim and Samuel ben Hofni
Sanhedrin
The Sanhedrin (Hebrew and Middle Aramaic סַנְהֶדְרִין, a loanword from synedrion, 'assembly,' 'sitting together,' hence 'assembly' or 'council') was a legislative and judicial assembly of either 23 or 71 elders, existing at both a local and central level in the ancient Land of Israel.
Savoraim
Savora (Aramaic: סבורא, "a reasoner", plural Savora'im, Sabora'im, סבוראים) is a term used in Jewish law and history to signify one among the leading rabbis living from the end of period of the Amoraim (around 500 CE) to the beginning of the Geonim (around 600 CE). Geonim and Savoraim are rabbis by rabbinical period.
Semikhah
Semikhah (סמיכה) is the traditional Jewish name for rabbinic ordination.
She'iltot
She'iltot of Rav Achai Gaon, also known as Sheiltot de-Rav Ahai, or simply She'iltot (שאלתות), is a rabbinic halakhic work composed in the 8th century by Ahai of Shabha (variants: Aḥa of Shabha; Acha of Shabcha), during the geonic period.
Sherira ben Hanina
Sherira bar Hanina (Hebrew: שרירא בר חנינא) more commonly known as Sherira Gaon (Hebrew: שרירא גאון; c. 906 – c. 1006) was the gaon of the Academy of Pumbeditha.
See Geonim and Sherira ben Hanina
Siddur
A siddur (סִדּוּר sīddūr,; plural siddurim סִדּוּרִים) is a Jewish prayer book containing a set order of daily prayers.
Simeon Kayyara
Simeon Kayyara, also spelled Shimon Kiara (Hebrew: שמעון קיירא), was a Jewish-Babylonian halakhist of the first half of the 8th century.
Sura Academy
Sura Academy (ישיבת סורא) was a Jewish yeshiva located in Sura in what is now southern Iraq, a region known in Jewish texts as "Babylonia".
Talmud
The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.
Talmudic academies in Babylonia
The Talmudic academies in Babylonia, also known as the Geonic academies, were the center for Jewish scholarship and the development of Halakha from roughly 589 to 1038 CE (Hebrew dates: 4349 AM to 4798 AM) in what is called "Babylonia" in Jewish sources, at the time otherwise known as Asōristān (under the Sasanian Empire) or Iraq (under the Muslim caliphate until the 11th century).
See Geonim and Talmudic academies in Babylonia
The Book of Beliefs and Opinions
The Book of Beliefs and Opinions (translit) is a book written by Saadia Gaon (completed 933) which is the first systematic presentation and philosophic foundation of the dogmas of Judaism.
See Geonim and The Book of Beliefs and Opinions
Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη), also known as Thessalonica, Saloniki, Salonika, or Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece, with slightly over one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of the geographic region of Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.
Torah
The Torah (תּוֹרָה, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
See Geonim and Torah
Yehudai ben Nahman
Yehudai ben Nahman (or Yehudai Gaon; Hebrew: יהודאי גאון, sometimes: Yehudai b. Nahman) was the head of the yeshiva in Sura from 757 to 761, during the Gaonic period of Judaism.
See Geonim and Yehudai ben Nahman
Yeshiva
A yeshiva or jeshibah (ישיבה||sitting; pl. ישיבות, or) is a traditional Jewish educational institution focused on the study of Rabbinic literature, primarily the Talmud and halacha (Jewish law), while Torah and Jewish philosophy are studied in parallel.
See also
Rabbis by rabbinical period
References
Also known as Gaonate, Gaonic, Gaonim, Geonic, Geonic Academics, Geonic period.