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HIV trial in Libya

Index HIV trial in Libya

The HIV trial in Libya (or Bulgarian nurses affair) concerns the trials, appeals and eventual release of six foreign medical workers charged with conspiring to deliberately infect over 400 children with HIV in 1998, causing an epidemic at El-Fatih Children's Hospital in Benghazi, Libya. [1]

152 relations: Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, African Union, Agence France-Presse, Airbus, Al Arabiya, Al Jazeera, Alliance 90/The Greens, Amnesty International, Angola Press News Agency, Arab League, Arms industry, Arnaud Montebourg, Ashraf Al Hajuj, Élysée Palace, BBC, BBC News, Benghazi, Benita Ferrero-Waldner, Bernard Kouchner, Book, BP, BTV (Bulgaria), Bulgaria, Bulgarian nationality law, Bulgarian News Agency, Bulgarians, Capital punishment, Cécilia Attias, Central Intelligence Agency, Chicago, Christopher Dickey, Coinfection, Council of Europe, Death, Desalination, Diana West, Dimitar Berbatov, Epidemic, EPR (nuclear reactor), European Commission, European Union, Execution by firing squad, Extradition, Foreign exchange controls, François Hollande, France, Franco Frattini, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, French Communist Party, French language, ..., Gamal Nkrumah, Geneva, Georgi Parvanov, Gernot Erler, Gulf Times, Hürriyet Daily News, Hepatitis C, HighBeam Research, History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi, HIV, HIV/AIDS, Hospital-acquired infection, Human Rights Watch, International Council of Nurses, Internship (medicine), Investigative journalism, Islamic dietary laws, J. Marion Sims, Jean-Louis Bianco, JURIST, L'Express, Le Monde, Le Parisien, Libération, Libya, Libya and weapons of mass destruction, Libyan dinar, Link rot, Luc Montagnier, Main Intelligence Directorate, MILAN, Mossad, Muammar Gaddafi, Mustafa Abdul Jalil, Natural gas, Nature (journal), Netherlands, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, New Scientist, Newsweek, Nicolas Sarkozy, Notes from Hell, Novinar, Novinite, Nuclear power, Nursing, Oman, Omar Bagasra, OpenDemocracy, Orano, Palestinian territories, Palestinians, Pan Am Flight 103, Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial, PDF, Peter Buxtun, Peter Finn, Pierre Moscovici, Qatar, Radio Bulgaria, Radio France Internationale, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Reinhard Bütikofer, Reuters, Rogue state, Safety syringe, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, Scapegoat, Shukri Ghanem, Siemens, Social Democratic Party of Germany, Socialist Party (France), Sofia, South Africa, Switzerland, Terrestrial Trunked Radio, The BMJ, The Daily Telegraph, The Economist, The Guardian, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, The Lancet, The New England Journal of Medicine, The New Republic, The New York Times, The Sofia Echo, The Times, The Washington Post, Torture, Tottenham Hotspur F.C., Tuskegee syphilis experiment, UN Watch, UNESCO, United States, United States Department of State, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, Viktor Suvorov, Vittorio Colizzi, World Health Organization, World Medical Association, Zina, 24 Chasa. Expand index (102 more) »

Abdelbaset al-Megrahi

Abdelbaset Ali Mohmed al-Megrahi (عبد الباسط محمد علي المقرحي,; 1 April 1952 – 20 May 2012) was a Libyan who was head of security for Libyan Arab Airlines, director of the Centre for Strategic Studies in Tripoli, Libya, and an alleged Libyan intelligence officer.

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African Union

The African Union (AU) is a continental union consisting of all 55 countries on the African continent, extending slightly into Asia via the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt.

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Agence France-Presse

Agence France-Presse (AFP) is an international news agency headquartered in Paris, France.

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Airbus

Airbus SE is a European corporation, registered in the Netherlands and trading shares in France, Germany and Spain.

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Al Arabiya

Al Arabiya (العربية, transliterated: or; meaning "The Arabic One" or "The Arab One") is a Saudi-owned pan-Arab television news channel broadcast in Modern Standard Arabic.

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Al Jazeera

Al Jazeera (translit,, literally "The Island", though referring to the Arabian Peninsula in context), also known as JSC (Jazeera Satellite Channel), is a state-funded broadcaster in Doha, Qatar, owned by the Al Jazeera Media Network.

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Alliance 90/The Greens

Alliance 90/The Greens, often simply Greens (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen or Grüne), is a green political party in Germany that was formed from the merger of the German Green Party (founded in West Germany in 1980 and merged with the East Greens in 1990) and Alliance 90 (founded during the Revolution of 1989–1990 in East Germany) in 1993.

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Amnesty International

Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is a London-based non-governmental organization focused on human rights.

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Angola Press News Agency

Angola Press News Agency, or Angola Press Agency (Agência Angola Press, ANGOP) is the official news agency of the state of Angola, based in Luanda.

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Arab League

The Arab League (الجامعة العربية), formally the League of Arab States (جامعة الدول العربية), is a regional organization of Arab states in and around North Africa, the Horn of Africa and Arabia.

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Arms industry

The arms industry, also known as the defense industry or the arms trade, is a global industry responsible for the manufacturing and sales of weapons and military technology.

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Arnaud Montebourg

Arnaud Montebourg (born 30 October 1962) is a French politician who served in the government of France as Minister of Industrial Renewal from May 2012 to August 2014.

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Ashraf Al Hajuj

Ashraf Ahmad Al-Hajuj (also spelled Ashraf Jumaa El Hagoug) (Ашраф Ахмад ал-Хаджудж) (born 25 October 1969 in Alexandria, Egypt) is a Palestinian-Bulgarian medic who was the principal defendant on the HIV trial in Libya.

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Élysée Palace

The Élysée Palace (Palais de l'Élysée) is the official residence of the President of France.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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Benghazi

Benghazi (بنغازي) is the second-most populous city in Libya and the largest in Cyrenaica.

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Benita Ferrero-Waldner

Benita Ferrero-Waldner (born 5 September 1948) is an Austrian diplomat and politician, and a member of the conservative Austrian People's Party (ÖVP).

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Bernard Kouchner

Bernard Kouchner (born 1 November 1939) is a French politician and physician.

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Book

A book is a series of pages assembled for easy portability and reading, as well as the composition contained in it.

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BP

BP plc (stylised as bp), formerly British Petroleum, is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England.

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BTV (Bulgaria)

bTV is the first private national-wide broadcasting television channel in Bulgaria.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Bulgarian nationality law

Bulgarian nationality law is governed by the Constitution of Bulgaria (article 25 and 26) of 1991 and the citizenship law of 1999 (with changes made in various years through to 2009).

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Bulgarian News Agency

The Bulgarian News Agency (Българска телеграфна агенция "Bulgarian Telegraph Agency"; abbreviated БТА, BTA) is the national news agency of Bulgaria.

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Bulgarians

Bulgarians (българи, Bǎlgari) are a South Slavic ethnic group who are native to Bulgaria and its neighboring regions.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.

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Cécilia Attias

Cécilia María Sara Isabel Attias (née Ciganer-Albéniz, formerly Martin and Sarkozy; born 12 November 1957) was the second spouse of French President Nicolas Sarkozy until October 2007.

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Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT).

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Chicago

Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third most populous city in the United States, after New York City and Los Angeles.

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Christopher Dickey

Christopher Dickey (born August 31, 1951) is the Paris-based world news editor for The Daily Beast.

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Coinfection

In microbiology, coinfection is the simultaneous infection of a host by multiple pathogen species.

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Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe) is an international organisation whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.

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Death

Death is the cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.

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Desalination

Desalination is a process that extracts mineral components from saline water.

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Diana West

Diana West (born November 8, 1961, Hollywood, California) is a nationally syndicated conservative American columnist and author.

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Dimitar Berbatov

Dimitar Ivanov Berbatov (Димитър Иванов Бербатов; born 30 January 1981) is a Bulgarian professional footballer.

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Epidemic

An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less.

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EPR (nuclear reactor)

The EPR is a third generation pressurised water reactor (PWR) design.

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European Commission

The European Commission (EC) is an institution of the European Union, responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, upholding the EU treaties and managing the day-to-day business of the EU.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Execution by firing squad

Execution by firing squad, in the past sometimes called fusillading (from the French fusil, rifle), is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in the military and in times of war.

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Extradition

Extradition is the act by one jurisdiction of delivering a person who has been accused of committing a crime in another jurisdiction or has been convicted of a crime in that other jurisdiction into the custody of a law enforcement agency of that other jurisdiction.

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Foreign exchange controls

Foreign exchange controls are various forms of controls imposed by a government on the purchase/sale of foreign currencies by residents or on the purchase/sale of local currency by nonresidents.

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François Hollande

François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra from 2012 to 2017.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Franco Frattini

Franco Frattini (born 14 March 1957 in Rome) is an Italian politician, twice foreign minister of the Berlusconi cabinets (in 2002-2004 and 2008-2011) and once European Commissioner in the first Barroso Commission (2004-2008).

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French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission or CEA (French: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), is a French public government-funded research organisation in the areas of energy, defense and security, information technologies and health technologies.

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French Communist Party

The French Communist Party (Parti communiste français, PCF) is a communist party in France.

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French language

French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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Gamal Nkrumah

Gamal Gorkeh Nkrumah is a Ghanaian journalist, a Pan-Africanist and an editor of Al Ahram Weekly newspaper.

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Geneva

Geneva (Genève, Genèva, Genf, Ginevra, Genevra) is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and the most populous city of the Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland.

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Georgi Parvanov

Georgi Sedefchov Parvanov (Георги Седефчов Първанов) (born 28 June 1957) is a Bulgarian historian and politician who was President of Bulgaria from 2002 to 2012.

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Gernot Erler

Gernot Erler (born 3 May 1944 in Meißen) is a German politician (SPD) who was member of the Bundestag, the German parliament, from 1987 to 2017.

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Gulf Times

The Gulf Times newspaper was founded in 1978 as the first publication of the Gulf Publishing and Printing Company in the capital city of Qatar, Doha (or ad-Dawhah).

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Hürriyet Daily News

The Hürriyet Daily News, formerly Hürriyet Daily News and Economic Review and Turkish Daily News, is the oldest current English-language daily in Turkey, founded in 1961.

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Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver.

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HighBeam Research

HighBeam Research is a paid search engine and full text online archive owned by Gale, a subsidiary Cengage, for thousands of newspapers, magazines, academic journals, newswires, trade magazines, and encyclopedias in English.

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History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi

Muammar Gaddafi became the de facto leader of Libya on 1 September 1969 after leading a group of young Libyan military officers against King Idris I in a bloodless coup d'état.

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HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

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HIV/AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Hospital-acquired infection

A hospital-acquired infection (HAI), also known as a nosocomial infection, is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other health care facility.

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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International Council of Nurses

The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a federation of more than 130 national nurses associations.

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Internship (medicine)

Medical intern is a term used in some countries to describe a physician in training who has completed medical school and has a medical degree, but does not yet have a full license to practice medicine unsupervised.

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Investigative journalism

Investigative journalism is a form of journalism in which reporters deeply investigate a single topic of interest, such as serious crimes, political corruption, or corporate wrongdoing.

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Islamic dietary laws

Islamic jurisprudence specifies which foods are halāl (حَلَال "lawful") and which are harām (حَرَامْ "unlawful").

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J. Marion Sims

James Marion Sims (January 25, 1813 – November 13, 1883) was an American physician and a pioneer in the field of surgery, known as the "father of modern gynecology".

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Jean-Louis Bianco

Jean-Louis Bianco (born January 12, 1943 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine) is a member of the National Assembly of France.

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JURIST

JURIST is an online legal news service hosted by the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, powered by a staff of more than 60 law students working in Pittsburgh and other US locations under the direction of founding Publisher & Editor-in-Chief Professor Bernard Hibbitts, Acting Executive Director Andrew Morgan, Research Director Jaclyn Belczyk, Technical Director Jeremiah Lee, Managing Editor Dave Rodkey and Chief of Staff Ram Eachambadi.

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L'Express

L'Express is a French weekly news magazine headquartered in Paris.

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Le Monde

Le Monde (The World) is a French daily afternoon newspaper founded by Hubert Beuve-Méry at the request of Charles de Gaulle (as Chairman of the Provisional Government of the French Republic) on 19 December 1944, shortly after the Liberation of Paris, and published continuously since its first edition.

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Le Parisien

Le Parisien (French for "The Parisian") is a French daily newspaper covering both international and national news, and local news of Paris and its suburbs.

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Libération

Libération (popularly known as Libé), is a daily newspaper in France, founded in Paris by Jean-Paul Sartre and Serge July in 1973 in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968.

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Libya

Libya (ليبيا), officially the State of Libya (دولة ليبيا), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.

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Libya and weapons of mass destruction

Libya pursued programs to develop or acquire weapons of mass destruction from when Muammar Gaddafi seized control of Libya in 1969 until he announced on 19 December 2003 that Libya would voluntarily eliminate all materials, equipment and programs that could lead to internationally proscribed weapons, including weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, chemical and biological weapons) and long-range ballistic missiles.

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Libyan dinar

The dinar (دينار dīnār) is the currency of Libya.

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Link rot

Link rot (or linkrot) is the process by which hyperlinks on individual websites or the Internet in general point to web pages, servers or other resources that have become permanently unavailable.

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Luc Montagnier

Luc Antoine Montagnier (born 18 August 1932) is a French virologist and joint recipient with Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Harald zur Hausen of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Main Intelligence Directorate

Main Intelligence Directorate (p), abbreviated GRU (p), is the foreign military intelligence agency of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (formerly the Soviet Army General Staff of the Soviet Union).

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MILAN

MILAN (Missile d´infanterie léger antichar; Light anti-tank infantry missile, milan is French for kite) is a European anti-tank guided missile.

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Mossad

Mossad (הַמוֹסָד,; الموساد,,; literally meaning "the Institute"), short for (המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים, meaning "Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations"), is the national intelligence agency of Israel.

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Muammar Gaddafi

Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi (20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi, was a Libyan revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Mustafa Abdul Jalil

Mustafa Abdul Jalil (مصطفى عبد الجليل, also transcribed Abdul-Jelil, Abd-al-Jalil, Abdel-Jalil, Abdeljalil or Abdu Al Jeleil) (born 1952) is a Libyan politician who was the Chairman of the National Transitional Council from 5 March 2011 until its dissolution on 8 August 2012.

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Natural gas

Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Neue Zürcher Zeitung

The Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ; lit.: "New Journal of Zurich") is a Swiss, German-language daily newspaper, published by NZZ Mediengruppe in Zurich.

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New Scientist

New Scientist, first published on 22 November 1956, is a weekly, English-language magazine that covers all aspects of science and technology.

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Newsweek

Newsweek is an American weekly magazine founded in 1933.

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Nicolas Sarkozy

Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa KOGF GCB (born 28 January 1955) is a French politician who served as President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra from 16 May 2007 until 15 May 2012.

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Notes from Hell

Notes from Hell (Bulgarian: "Записки от ада") is a biographical novel, written by Nikolay Yordanov and Valya Cherveniashka about her life in several Libyan prisons during the HIV trial in Libya.

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Novinar

Novinar (Новинар) is a Bulgarian national daily newspaper published in Sofia.

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Novinite

Novinite is a Bulgarian English-language news provider based in Sofia.

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Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.

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Nursing

Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.

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Oman

Oman (عمان), officially the Sultanate of Oman (سلطنة عُمان), is an Arab country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia.

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Omar Bagasra

Omar Bagasra (Urdu: عمر بگا سرا) is a Pakistani-American Molecular Biologist, Biotechnologist and author, known for his innovations in the Polymerase Chain Reaction method and popular public and scientific talks in biotechnology.

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OpenDemocracy

openDemocracy is a United Kingdom-based political website.

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Orano

Orano (previously Areva) is a French multinational group specializing in nuclear power and renewable energy headquartered in Paris La Défense.

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Palestinian territories

Palestinian territories and occupied Palestinian territories (OPT or oPt) are terms often used to describe the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip, which are occupied or otherwise under the control of Israel.

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Palestinians

The Palestinian people (الشعب الفلسطيني, ash-sha‘b al-Filasṭīnī), also referred to as Palestinians (الفلسطينيون, al-Filasṭīniyyūn, פָלַסְטִינִים) or Palestinian Arabs (العربي الفلسطيني, al-'arabi il-filastini), are an ethnonational group comprising the modern descendants of the peoples who have lived in Palestine over the centuries, including Jews and Samaritans, and who today are largely culturally and linguistically Arab.

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Pan Am Flight 103

Pan Am Flight 103 was a regularly scheduled Pan Am transatlantic flight from Frankfurt to Detroit via London and New York.

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Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial

The Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial began on 3 May 2000, 11 years, 4 months and 13 days after the destruction of Pan Am Flight 103 on 21 December 1988.

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PDF

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

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Peter Buxtun

Peter Buxtun (sometimes referred to as Peter Buxton; born 1937 in Prague) is a former employee of the United States Public Health Service who became known as the whistleblower responsible for ending the Tuskegee syphilis experiment.

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Peter Finn

Peter Thomas Finn (1827/28 – 1 April 1911) was a barrister in Victoria, Australia and Invercargill, New Zealand.

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Pierre Moscovici

Pierre Moscovici (born 16 September 1957) is a French politician currently serving as the European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs, Taxation and Customs.

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Qatar

Qatar (or; قطر; local vernacular pronunciation), officially the State of Qatar (دولة قطر), is a sovereign country located in Western Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Radio Bulgaria

Radio Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Радио България, Radio Balgariya; BNR) is the official international broadcasting station of Bulgaria.

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Radio France Internationale

Radio France Internationale generally referred to by its acronym RFI, is a French public radio service that broadcasts in Paris and all over the world.

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Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a broadcasting organization that broadcasts and reports news, information, and analysis to countries in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East where it says that "the free flow of information is either banned by government authorities or not fully developed".

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Reinhard Bütikofer

Reinhard Hans Bütikofer (born 26 January 1953) is a German politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Germany.

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Reuters

Reuters is an international news agency headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Rogue state

Rogue state or outlaw state is a term applied by some international theorists to states they consider threatening to the world's peace.

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Safety syringe

Safety syringes have a safety mechanism built into the syringe.

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Saif al-Islam Gaddafi

Saif al-Islam Gaddafi (سيف الإسلام معمر القذافي; born 25 June 1972) is a Libyan political figure.

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Scapegoat

In the Bible, a scapegoat is an animal which is ritually burdened with the sins of others then driven away.

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Shukri Ghanem

Shukri Mohammed Ghanem (شكري محمد إمحمد غانم October 1942 – 29 April 2012) was a Libyan politician who was the General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (prime minister) from June 2003 until March 2006 when, in the first major government re-shuffle in over a decade, he was replaced by his deputy, Baghdadi Mahmudi.

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Siemens

Siemens AG is a German conglomerate company headquartered in Berlin and Munich and the largest industrial manufacturing company in Europe with branch offices abroad.

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Social Democratic Party of Germany

The Social Democratic Party of Germany (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, SPD) is a social-democratic political party in Germany.

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Socialist Party (France)

The Socialist Party (Parti socialiste, PS) is a social-democratic political party in France, and the largest party of the French centre-left.

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Sofia

Sofia (Со́фия, tr.) is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Terrestrial Trunked Radio

Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA; formerly known as Trans-European Trunked Radio), a European standard for a trunked radio system, is a professional mobile radio and two-way transceiver specification.

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The BMJ

The BMJ is a weekly peer-reviewed medical journal.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Economist

The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

The Journal of Infectious Diseases is a peer-reviewed biweekly medical journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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The Lancet

The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal.

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The New England Journal of Medicine

The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society.

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The New Republic

The New Republic is a liberal American magazine of commentary on politics and the arts, published since 1914, with influence on American political and cultural thinking.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Sofia Echo

The Sofia Echo is Bulgaria's national English-language weekly newspaper published out of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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Torture

Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.

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Tottenham Hotspur F.C.

Tottenham Hotspur Football Club, commonly referred to simply as Tottenham or Spurs, is an English football club in Tottenham, London, England, that competes in the Premier League.

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Tuskegee syphilis experiment

The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male, also known as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study or Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment was an infamous clinical study conducted between 1932 and 1972 by the U.S. Public Health Service.

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UN Watch

UN Watch is a Geneva-based non-governmental organization whose stated mission is "to monitor the performance of the United Nations by the yardstick of its own Charter".

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Department of State

The United States Department of State (DOS), often referred to as the State Department, is the United States federal executive department that advises the President and represents the country in international affairs and foreign policy issues.

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University of Pittsburgh School of Law

The University of Pittsburgh School of Law (sometimes referred to as Pitt Law) was founded in 1895.

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Viktor Suvorov

Vladimir Bogdanovich Rezun, Влади́мир Богда́нович Резу́н, born April 20, 1947, in Barabash, Primorsky Krai, and known as Viktor Suvorov (Ви́ктор Суво́ров), is a Russian writer and a former Soviet military intelligence officer who defected to the United Kingdom.

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Vittorio Colizzi

Professor Vittorio Colizzi is an Italian virologist and one of the most eminent HIV/AIDS researcher in Europe.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World Medical Association

The World Medical Association (WMA) is an international and independent confederation of free professional medical associations, therefore representing physicians worldwide.

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Zina

Zināʾ (زِنَاء) or zina (زِنًى or زِنًا) is an Islamic legal term referring to unlawful sexual intercourse.

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24 Chasa

24 Chasa (24 часа, translated as 24 Hours) is one of the newspapers published in Sofia, Bulgaria.

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Redirects here:

AIDS scandal in Libya, Benghazi 6, Benghazi Six, Benghazi six, Bulgarian nurses, Bulgarian nurses in Libya, HIV Trial in Libya, Hiv trial in libya, Trial against the Bulgarian medics and a Palestinian doctor in Libya, Trial of five Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor in Libya, Tripoli Six.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV_trial_in_Libya

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