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226 relations: Abingdon-on-Thames, Alexander Leighton, André Mollet, Anglicanism, Anne Hyde, Anne Marie d'Orléans, Anne of Austria, Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, Anne of Denmark, Anne of Foix-Candale, Anne Stuart (1637–1640), Anthony van Dyck, Antoine of Navarre, Archbishop, Army Plots (1641), Artemisia Gentileschi, Astrology, Baroque, Basilica of St Denis, Bath, Somerset, Battle of Langport, Battle of Naseby, Brest, France, Bridlington, Bronchitis, Buckingham Palace, Calvinism, Canterbury, Carmelites, Carola Oman, Catherine of Braganza, Catherine of Navarre, Catholic Church, Cavalier, Charles I of England, Charles II of England, Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, Charles, Count of Angoulême, Charles, Duke of Vendôme, Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Christian IV of Denmark, Christine of France, Church of England, Cologne, Colombes, Confessor, Coronation, Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom, Dulwich Picture Gallery, ..., Ecumenism, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, Eleanor of Toledo, Elizabeth Stuart (daughter of Charles I), Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, English Civil War, Exeter, Falmouth, Cornwall, Favourite, Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, Fils de France, First English Civil War, Fleur-de-lis, François de Bassompierre, François Dieussart, Françoise d'Alençon, Françoise de Montglat, Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Francis, Count of Vendôme, Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, French livre, Fronde, Gaston, Duke of Orléans, George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes, George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Giovanni dalle Bande Nere, Grand Remonstrance, Guido Reni, Gunpowder Plot, Hampton Court Palace, Hôtel de Chimay, Henrietta of England, Henry II of Navarre, Henry IV of France, Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of St Albans, Henry Marten (regicide), Henry Percy, Baron Percy of Alnwick, Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, Highness, Holdenby House, House of Bourbon, Hubert Le Sueur, Hudson Bay, Huguenots, Infante, Inigo Jones, Irish Rebellion of 1641, James Bay, James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond, James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, James II of England, James VI and I, Jean Petitot, Jeanne d'Albret, Jeanne de Harlay, Jeffrey Hudson, Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Joanna of Castile, John Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene, John Colepeper, 1st Baron Colepeper, John III of Navarre, John Pym, Jointure, Juan de Mariana, Julian calendar, Kenelm Digby, Kevin Sharpe (historian), Kineton, Kingston upon Hull, Kroměříž, List of consorts of the monarch of Ireland, List of English consorts, List of French monarchs, List of Scottish consorts, Louis XIII of France, Louis XIV of France, Louis XV of France, Louise of Savoy, Louvre Palace, Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, Madame Royale, Majesty, Margaret of Lorraine, Marguerite de Navarre, Maria Anna of Spain, Maria Salviati, Marie de' Medici, Marie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme, Mary of Modena, Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange, Mary, Queen of Scots, Maryland, Masque, Merton College, Oxford, Monstrance, Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin, National Portrait Gallery, London, New Alresford, Newport, Isle of Wight, Nicholas Lanier, Nonsuch Palace, Northwest Passage, Oatlands Palace, Opium, Oratory of Saint Philip Neri, Orazio Gentileschi, Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, Oxford, Palace of Placentia, Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, Marquis of Villafranca, Pendennis Castle, Peter Paul Rubens, Philip I of Castile, Philip IV of Spain, Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, Platonic love, Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom, Prince Rupert of the Rhine, Province of Maryland, Proxy marriage, Puritans, Randal MacDonnell, 1st Marquess of Antrim (1645 creation), René, Duke of Alençon, Requiem, Restoration (England), Richard Blount, Richmond Palace, Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, Robert Phillip, Roundhead, Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom, Royal Collection, Royal Highness, Saltire, Samuel Pepys, Second English Civil War, Sir Richard Wynn, 2nd Baronet, Somerset House, Sophia of Hanover, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, St Augustine's Abbey, Stratford-upon-Avon, Susan Feilding, Countess of Denbigh, Théodore de Mayerne, The Closet of the Eminently Learned Sir Kenelme Digbie Kt. Opened, The Hague, The Midlands, Third English Civil War, Thomas James (sea captain), Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, Tyburn, Veronica Wedgwood, Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy, Vladislaus II of Hungary, Wars of the Three Kingdoms, Westminster Abbey, Whitehall, William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, William Davenant, William II, Prince of Orange, William III of England, William Laud, William Prynne, William Waller, Windsor Castle, York, 1632, 1634, 1635, 1638, 16th arrondissement of Paris. Expand index (176 more) »
Abingdon-on-Thames
Abingdon-on-Thames, also known as Abingdon on Thames or just Abingdon, is a historic market town and civil parish in the ceremonial county of Oxfordshire, England.
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Alexander Leighton
Alexander Leighton (c.1570 – 1649) was a Scottish medical doctor and puritan preacher and pamphleteer best known for his 1630 pamphlet that attacked the Anglican church and which led to his torture by King Charles I.
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André Mollet
André Mollet (died before 16 June 1665) was a French garden designer, the son of Claude Mollet—gardener to three French kings—and the grandson of Jacques Mollet, gardener at the château d'Anet, where Italian formal gardening was introduced to France.
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Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that evolved out of the practices, liturgy and identity of the Church of England following the Protestant Reformation.
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Anne Hyde
Anne Hyde (12 March 163731 March 1671) was Duchess of York and of Albany as the first wife of the future King James II of England.
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Anne Marie d'Orléans
Anne Marie d'Orléans (27 August 1669 – 26 August 1728) was the first Queen consort of Sardinia by marriage to Victor Amadeus II of Savoy.
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Anne of Austria
Anne of Austria (22 September 1601 – 20 January 1666), a Spanish princess of the House of Habsburg, was queen of France as the wife of Louis XIII, and regent of France during the minority of her son, Louis XIV, from 1643 to 1651.
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Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (Buda, Hungary, 23 July 1503 – Prague, Bohemia, 27 January 1547), sometimes known as Anna Jagellonica, Queen of the Romans (Germany), Bohemia and Hungary as the wife of King Ferdinand I, later Holy Roman Emperor.
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Anne of Denmark
Anne of Denmark (12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619) was Queen consort of Scotland, England, and Ireland by marriage to King James VI and I. The second daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark, Anne married James in 1589 at age 15 and bore him three children who survived infancy, including the future Charles I. She demonstrated an independent streak and a willingness to use factional Scottish politics in her conflicts with James over the custody of Prince Henry and his treatment of her friend Beatrix Ruthven.
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Anne of Foix-Candale
Anna of Foix-Candale (1484 – 26 July 1506) was Queen of Hungary and Bohemia as the third wife of King Vladislaus II.
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Anne Stuart (1637–1640)
Anne Stuart (17 March 16375 November 1640) was the daughter of King Charles I and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France.
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Anthony van Dyck
Sir Anthony van Dyck (many variant spellings; 22 March 1599 – 9 December 1641) was a Flemish Baroque artist who became the leading court painter in England, after enjoying great success in Italy and the Southern Netherlands.
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Antoine of Navarre
Antoine (in English, Anthony; 22 April 1518 – 17 November 1562) was the King of Navarre through his marriage (jure uxoris) to Queen Jeanne III, from 1555 until his death.
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Archbishop
In Christianity, an archbishop (via Latin archiepiscopus, from Greek αρχιεπίσκοπος, from αρχι-, 'chief', and επίσκοπος, 'bishop') is a bishop of higher rank or office.
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Army Plots (1641)
The Army Plots of 1641 were two real or alleged attempts by Royalist supporters of Charles I of England to use the army to crush dissent among members of the English parliament in the run-up to the English Civil War.
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Artemisia Gentileschi
Artemisia Gentileschi (July 8, 1593c. 1656) was an Italian Baroque painter, today considered one of the most accomplished painters in the generation following that of Caravaggio.
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Astrology
Astrology is the study of the movements and relative positions of celestial objects as a means for divining information about human affairs and terrestrial events.
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Baroque
The Baroque is a highly ornate and often extravagant style of architecture, art and music that flourished in Europe from the early 17th until the late 18th century.
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Basilica of St Denis
The Basilica of Saint Denis (Basilique royale de Saint-Denis, or simply Basilique Saint-Denis) is a large medieval abbey church in the city of Saint-Denis, now a northern suburb of Paris.
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Bath, Somerset
Bath is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths.
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Battle of Langport
The Battle of Langport was a Parliamentarian victory late in the First English Civil War which destroyed the last Royalist field army and gave Parliament control of the West of England, which had hitherto been a major source of manpower, raw materials and imports for the Royalists.
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Battle of Naseby
The Battle of Naseby was a decisive engagement of the English Civil War, fought on 14 June 1645 between the main Royalist army of King Charles I and the Parliamentarian New Model Army, commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell.
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Brest, France
Brest is a city in the Finistère département in Brittany.
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Bridlington
Bridlington is a coastal town and civil parish on the Holderness Coast of the North Sea, situated in the unitary authority and ceremonial county of the East Riding of Yorkshire approximately north of Hull.
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Bronchitis
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs.
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Buckingham Palace
Buckingham Palace is the London residence and administrative headquarters of the monarch of the United Kingdom.
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Calvinism
Calvinism (also called the Reformed tradition, Reformed Christianity, Reformed Protestantism, or the Reformed faith) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice of John Calvin and other Reformation-era theologians.
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Canterbury
Canterbury is a historic English cathedral city and UNESCO World Heritage Site, which lies at the heart of the City of Canterbury, a local government district of Kent, England.
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Carmelites
The Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel or Carmelites (sometimes simply Carmel by synecdoche; Ordo Fratrum Beatissimæ Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmelo) is a Roman Catholic religious order founded, probably in the 12th century, on Mount Carmel in the Crusader States, hence the name Carmelites.
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Carola Oman
Carola Oman (1897–1978) was an English historical novelist, biographer and children's writer, best known for her retelling of the Robin Hood legend and a 1946 biography of Admiral Lord Nelson.
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Catherine of Braganza
Catherine of Braganza (Catarina; 25 November 1638 – 31 December 1705) was queen consort of England, of Scotland and of Ireland from 1662 to 1685, as the wife of King Charles II.
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Catherine of Navarre
Catherine (Katalina) (1468 – 12 February 1517), Queen of Navarre, reigned from 1483 until 1517.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Cavalier
The term Cavalier was first used by Roundheads as a term of abuse for the wealthier Royalist supporters of King Charles I and his son Charles II of England during the English Civil War, the Interregnum, and the Restoration (1642 – c. 1679).
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Charles I of England
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.
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Charles II of England
Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was king of England, Scotland and Ireland.
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Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer
Charles Edward Maurice Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, (born 20 May 1964), styled Viscount Althorp between 1975 and 1992, is a British nobleman, peer, author, journalist, and broadcaster, and was the younger brother of Diana, Princess of Wales.
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Charles, Count of Angoulême
Charles d'Orléans (1459 – 1 January 1496) was the Count of Angoulême from 1467 until his death.
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Charles, Duke of Vendôme
Charles de Bourbon (2 June 1489 – 25 March 1537) was a French prince du sang and military commander at the court of Francis I of France.
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Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
The Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye is a royal palace in the commune of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, in the département of Yvelines, about 19 km west of Paris, France.
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Christian IV of Denmark
Christian IV (Christian den Fjerde; 12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648), sometimes colloquially referred to as Christian Firtal in Denmark and Christian Kvart or Quart in Norway, was king of Denmark-Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 to 1648.
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Christine of France
Christine Marie of France (10 February 1606 – 27 December 1663) was the sister of Louis XIII and the Duchess of Savoy by marriage.
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Church of England
The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England.
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Cologne
Cologne (Köln,, Kölle) is the largest city in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth most populated city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich).
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Colombes
Colombes is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France.
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Confessor
Confessor is a title used within Christianity in several ways.
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Coronation
A coronation is the act of placement or bestowal of a crown upon a monarch's head.
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Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Cosimo I de' Medici (12 June 1519 – 21 April 1574) was the second Duke of Florence from 1537 until 1569, when he became the first Grand Duke of Tuscany, a title he held until his death.
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Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom
The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom, originally the Crown Jewels of England, are 140 royal ceremonial objects kept in the Tower of London, which include the regalia and vestments worn by British kings and queens at their coronations.
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Dulwich Picture Gallery
Dulwich Picture Gallery is an art gallery in Dulwich, South London.
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Ecumenism
Ecumenism refers to efforts by Christians of different Church traditions to develop closer relationships and better understandings.
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Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon
Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (18 February 16099 December 1674) was an English statesman who served as Lord Chancellor to King Charles II from 1658, two years before the Restoration of the Monarchy, until 1667.
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Eleanor of Toledo
Eleanor of Toledo (Italian: Eleonora di Toledo (1522 – 17 December 1562), born Doña Leonor Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, was a Spanish noblewoman who was Duchess of Florence from 1539, after Margaret of Austria. Although, Eleanor is often referred to as the Grand Duchess of Tuscany, she predeceased the creation of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. She is credited with being the first modern first lady, or consort. She served as regent of Florence during the absence of her spouse.
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Elizabeth Stuart (daughter of Charles I)
Elizabeth Stuart (28 December 1635 – 8 September 1650) was the second daughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France.
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Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia
Elizabeth Stuart (19 August 1596 – 13 February 1662) was Electress of the Palatinate and briefly Queen of Bohemia as the wife of Frederick V of the Palatinate.
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English Civil War
The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers") over, principally, the manner of England's governance.
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Exeter
Exeter is a cathedral city in Devon, England, with a population of 129,800 (mid-2016 EST).
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Falmouth, Cornwall
Falmouth (Aberfala) is a town, civil parish and port on the River Fal on the south coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.
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Favourite
A favourite or favorite (American English) was the intimate companion of a ruler or other important person.
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Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand I (Fernando I) (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1558, king of Bohemia and Hungary from 1526, and king of Croatia from 1527 until his death.
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Fils de France
Fils de France (Son of France) was the style and rank held by the sons of the kings and dauphins of France.
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First English Civil War
The First English Civil War (1642–1646) began the series of three wars known as the English Civil War (or "Wars").
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Fleur-de-lis
The fleur-de-lis/fleur-de-lys (plural: fleurs-de-lis/fleurs-de-lys) or flower-de-luce is a stylized lily (in French, fleur means "flower", and lis means "lily") that is used as a decorative design or motif, and many of the Catholic saints of France, particularly St. Joseph, are depicted with a lily.
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François de Bassompierre
François de Bassompierre (12 April 157912 October 1646) was a French courtier.
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François Dieussart
François Dieussart (also Frans; Armentières, c. 1600 – London, 1661) was a Flemish-Walloon sculptor who worked for court patrons in England and northern Europe, producing portrait busts in the Italianate manner.
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Françoise d'Alençon
Françoise d'Alençon (1490 – September 14, 1550) was the eldest daughter of René of Alençon and Margaret of Lorraine, and the younger sister and despoiled heiress of Charles IV, Duke of Alençon.
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Françoise de Montglat
Françoise de Montglat née de Longuejoue (d. 1633) was a French court official.
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Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Francesco I (25 March 1541 – 19 October 1587) was the second Grand Duke of Tuscany, ruling from 1574 until his death in 1587, a member of the House of Medici.
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Francis, Count of Vendôme
Francis de Bourbon or François de Bourbon (Francis I, Count of Vendôme) (1470 – 30 October 1495), was a French prince.
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Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange
Frederick Henry, or Frederik Hendrik in Dutch (29 January 1584 – 14 March 1647), was the sovereign Prince of Orange and stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel from 1625 to 1647.
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French livre
The livre (pound) was the currency of Kingdom of France and its predecessor state of West Francia from 781 to 1794.
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Fronde
The Fronde was a series of civil wars in France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, which had begun in 1635.
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Gaston, Duke of Orléans
Gaston, Duke of Orléans (24 April 1608 – 2 February 1660), was the third son of King Henry IV of France and his wife Marie de' Medici.
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George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore
George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore ((1580 – 15 April 1632) was an English politician and coloniser. He achieved domestic political success as a member of parliament and later Secretary of State under King James I. He lost much of his political power after his support for a failed marriage alliance between Prince Charles and the Spanish House of Habsburg royal family. Rather than continue in politics, he resigned all of his political offices in 1625 except for his position on the Privy Council and declared his Catholicism publicly. He was created Baron Baltimore in the Irish peerage upon his resignation. Baltimore Manor was located in County Longford, Ireland. Calvert took an interest in the British colonisation of the Americas, at first for commercial reasons and later to create a refuge for persecuted English Catholics. He became the proprietor of Avalon, the first sustained English settlement on the southeastern peninsula on the island of Newfoundland (off the eastern coast of modern Canada). Discouraged by its cold and sometimes inhospitable climate and the sufferings of the settlers, he looked for a more suitable spot further south and sought a new royal charter to settle the region, which would become the state of Maryland. Calvert died five weeks before the new Charter was sealed, leaving the settlement of the Maryland colony to his son Cecil (1605–1675). His second son Leonard Calvert (1606–1647) was the first colonial governor of the Province of Maryland.
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George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes
George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes (29 May 1555 – 27 March 1629), known as Sir George Carew between 1586 and 1605 and as The Lord Carew between 1605 and 1626, served under Elizabeth I during the Tudor conquest of Ireland and was appointed President of Munster.
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George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol
George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, KG (bapt. 5 November 161220 March 1677) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 until 1641 when he was raised to the House of Lords.
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George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham
George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, (28 August 1592 – 23 August 1628), was an English courtier, statesman, and patron of the arts.
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Giovanni dalle Bande Nere
Lodovico de' Medici, also known as Giovanni dalle Bande Nere (5 April 1498 – 30 November 1526) was an Italian condottiero.
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Grand Remonstrance
The Grand Remonstrance was a list of grievances presented to King Charles I of England by the English Parliament on 1 December 1641, but passed by the House of Commons on 22 November 1641, during the Long Parliament; it was one of the chief events which were to precipitate the English Civil War.
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Guido Reni
Guido Reni (4 November 1575 – 18 August 1642) was an Italian painter of high-Baroque style.
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Gunpowder Plot
The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, in earlier centuries often called the Gunpowder Treason Plot or the Jesuit Treason, was a failed assassination attempt against King James I of England and VI of Scotland by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby.
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Hampton Court Palace
Hampton Court Palace is a royal palace in the borough of Richmond upon Thames, London, England, south west and upstream of central London on the River Thames.
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Hôtel de Chimay
The Hôtel de Chimay is a hôtel particulier, a type of large townhouse of France, at 17 quai Malaquais in the 6th arrondissement of Paris.
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Henrietta of England
Henrietta of England (16 June 1644 O.S. (26 June 1644 N.S.) – 30 June 1670) was the youngest daughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France.
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Henry II of Navarre
Henry II (18 April 1503 – 25 May 1555), nicknamed Sangüesino because he was born at Sangüesa, was the King of Navarre from 1517, although his kingdom had been reduced to a small territory north of the Pyrenees by the Spanish conquest of 1512.
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Henry IV of France
Henry IV (Henri IV, read as Henri-Quatre; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henry, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.
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Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of St Albans
Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of Saint Albans, (25 March 1605 (baptised) – January 1684) was an English politician and courtier.
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Henry Marten (regicide)
Henry Marten (1602 – 9 September 1680) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1640 and 1653.
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Henry Percy, Baron Percy of Alnwick
Henry Percy, Baron Percy of Alnwick (died 1659), son of Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland, sat in the Short Parliament as the member for Portsmouth, and in the Long Parliament an M.P. for Northumberland; an originator of the "first army plot" in 1641, after which he retired to France.
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Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland
Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland (19 August 1590 (baptised) – 9 March 1649), known as The Lord Kensington between 1623 and 1624, was an English courtier, peer and soldier.
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Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester
Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester (8 July 1640 – 13 September 1660) was the youngest son of Charles I and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France, the third son to survive to adulthood (his eldest brother, Charles, Duke of Cornwall and of Rothesay, was born and died the same day).
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Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester
Lieutenant-General Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester (26 October 1612 – 19 February 1658), known as The Lord Wilmot between 1643 and 1644 and as The Viscount Wilmot between 1644 and 1652, was an English Cavalier who fought for the Royalist cause during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
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Highness
Highness (abbreviation HH, oral address Your Highness) is a formal style used to address (in second person) or refer to (in third person) certain members of a reigning or formerly reigning dynasty.
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Holdenby House
Holdenby House is a historic country house in Northamptonshire, traditionally pronounced, and sometimes spelt, Holmby.
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House of Bourbon
The House of Bourbon is a European royal house of French origin, a branch of the Capetian dynasty.
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Hubert Le Sueur
Hubert Le Sueur (c. 1580 – 1658) was a French sculptor with the contemporaneous reputation of having trained in Giambologna's Florentine workshop.
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Hudson Bay
Hudson Bay (Inuktitut: Kangiqsualuk ilua, baie d'Hudson) (sometimes called Hudson's Bay, usually historically) is a large body of saltwater in northeastern Canada with a surface area of.
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Huguenots
Huguenots (Les huguenots) are an ethnoreligious group of French Protestants who follow the Reformed tradition.
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Infante
Infante (f. infanta), also anglicised as Infant or translated as Prince, is the title and rank given in the Iberian kingdoms of Spain (including the predecessor kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, Navarre and León), and Portugal, to the sons and daughters (infantas) of the king, sometimes with the exception of the heir apparent to the throne who usually bears a unique princely or ducal title.
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Inigo Jones
Inigo Jones (15 July 1573 – 21 June 1652) was the first significant English architect (of Welsh ancestry) in the early modern period, and the first to employ Vitruvian rules of proportion and symmetry in his buildings.
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Irish Rebellion of 1641
The Irish Rebellion of 1641 (Éirí Amach 1641) began as an attempted coup d'état by Irish Catholic gentry, who tried to seize control of the English administration in Ireland to force concessions for Catholics.
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James Bay
James Bay (Baie James, Wînipekw) is a large body of water on the southern end of Hudson Bay in Canada.
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James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond
Lieutenant-General James FitzThomas Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond, 1st Marquess of Ormond, 12th Earl of Ormond, 5th Earl of Ossory, 4th Viscount Thurles, 1st Baron Butler of Llanthony, 1st Earl of Brecknock, KG, PC (19 October 1610 – 21 July 1688) was an Anglo-Irish statesman and soldier, known as Earl of Ormond from 1634 to 1642 and Marquess of Ormond from 1642 to 1661.
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James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose (1612 – 21 May 1650) was a Scottish nobleman, poet and soldier, who initially joined the Covenanters in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, but subsequently supported King Charles I as the English Civil War developed.
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James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle
James Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle KB (c. 1580 – March 1636) was a British noble.
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James II of England
James II and VII (14 October 1633O.S. – 16 September 1701An assertion found in many sources that James II died 6 September 1701 (17 September 1701 New Style) may result from a miscalculation done by an author of anonymous "An Exact Account of the Sickness and Death of the Late King James II, as also of the Proceedings at St. Germains thereupon, 1701, in a letter from an English gentleman in France to his friend in London" (Somers Tracts, ed. 1809–1815, XI, pp. 339–342). The account reads: "And on Friday the 17th instant, about three in the afternoon, the king died, the day he always fasted in memory of our blessed Saviour's passion, the day he ever desired to die on, and the ninth hour, according to the Jewish account, when our Saviour was crucified." As 17 September 1701 New Style falls on a Saturday and the author insists that James died on Friday, "the day he ever desired to die on", an inevitable conclusion is that the author miscalculated the date, which later made it to various reference works. See "English Historical Documents 1660–1714", ed. by Andrew Browning (London and New York: Routledge, 2001), 136–138.) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.
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James VI and I
James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.
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Jean Petitot
Jean Petitot (July 12, 1607 – April 3, 1691) was a French-Genevan enamel painter.
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Jeanne d'Albret
Jeanne d'Albret (Basque: Joana Albretekoa; Occitan: Joana de Labrit; 16 November 1528 – 9 June 1572), also known as Jeanne III, was the queen regnant of Navarre from 1555 to 1572.
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Jeanne de Harlay
Jeanne de Harlay (1580 - 28 February 1643) was a French court official and letter writer.
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Jeffrey Hudson
Sir Jeffrey Hudson (1619 – circa 1682) was a court dwarf of the English queen Henrietta Maria of France.
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Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Joanna of Austria (German Johanna von Österreich, Italian Giovanna d'Austria) (24 January 1547 – 11 April 1578) was born an Archduchess of Austria as the youngest daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary.
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Joanna of Castile
Joanna (6 November 1479 – 12 April 1555), known historically as Joanna the Mad (Juana la Loca), was Queen of Castile from 1504, and of Aragon from 1516.
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John Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene
John Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene (died September 1665) was a prominent Anglo-Irish politician.
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John Colepeper, 1st Baron Colepeper
John Colepeper of Bedgebery, 1st Baron Culpeper of Thoresway (c. 1600 – 11 June 1660) was an English politician.
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John III of Navarre
John III (Jean d'Albret; 1469 – 14 June 1516) was jure uxoris King of Navarre from 1484 until his death, as husband and co-ruler with Queen Catherine.
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John Pym
John Pym (1584 – 8 December 1643) was an English parliamentarian, leader of the Long Parliament and a prominent critic of Kings James I and then Charles I. He was one of the Five Members whose attempted arrest by King Charles I in the House of Commons of England in 1642 sparked the Civil War.
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Jointure
Jointure is, in law, a provision for a wife after the death of her husband.
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Juan de Mariana
Juan de Mariana, also known as Father Mariana (25 September 1536 – 17 February 1624), was a Spanish Jesuit priest, Scholastic, historian, and member of the Monarchomachs.
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Julian calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar.
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Kenelm Digby
Sir Kenelm Digby (11 July 1603 – 11 June 1665) was an English courtier and diplomat.
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Kevin Sharpe (historian)
Kevin M. Sharpe (26 January 1949 – 5 November 2011) was a historian, Director of the Centre for Renaissance and Early Modern Studies, Leverhulme Research Professor and Professor of Renaissance Studies at Queen Mary, University of London.
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Kineton
Kineton is a village and civil parish on the River Dene in southeast Warwickshire, England.
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Kingston upon Hull
Kingston upon Hull, usually abbreviated to Hull, is a city and unitary authority in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.
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Kroměříž
Kroměříž (Kremsier, Kromieryż) is a Moravian town in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic.
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List of consorts of the monarch of Ireland
The Queen of Ireland or sometimes Royal Consort of Ireland was the spouse of the ruler and monarch of Ireland.
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List of English consorts
The English royal consorts were the spouses of the reigning monarchs of the Kingdom of England who were not themselves monarchs of England: spouses of some English monarchs who were themselves English monarchs are not listed, comprising Mary I and Philip who reigned together in the 16th century, and William III and Mary II who reigned together in the 17th century.
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List of French monarchs
The monarchs of the Kingdom of France and its predecessors (and successor monarchies) ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of the Franks in 486 until the fall of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions.
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List of Scottish consorts
The consorts of the monarchs of Scotland bore titles derived from their marriage.
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Louis XIII of France
Louis XIII (27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1610 to 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown.
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Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV (Louis Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), known as Louis the Great (Louis le Grand) or the Sun King (Roi Soleil), was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715.
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Louis XV of France
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774.
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Louise of Savoy
Louise of Savoy (11 September 1476 – 22 September 1531) was a French noble and regent, Duchess suo jure of Auvergne and Bourbon, Duchess of Nemours, and the mother of King Francis I. She was politically active and served as the Regent of France in 1515, in 1525–1526 and in 1529.
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Louvre Palace
The Louvre Palace (Palais du Louvre) is a former royal palace located on the Right Bank of the Seine in Paris, between the Tuileries Gardens and the church of Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois.
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Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle
Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle (née Percy; 1599 – 5 November 1660) was an English courtier known for her beauty and wit.
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Madame Royale
Madame Royale (Royal Lady) was a style customarily used for the eldest living unmarried daughter of a reigning French monarch.
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Majesty
Majesty (abbreviation HM, oral address Your Majesty) is an English word derived ultimately from the Latin maiestas, meaning greatness, and used as a style by many monarchs, usually kings or sultanss.
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Margaret of Lorraine
Margaret of Lorraine (b. 1463 at the castle of Vaudémont, Lorraine – 2 November 1521 in Argentan, Normandy) was Duchess of Alençon, and a nun of the order of Poor Clares (Ordre des Clarisses).
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Marguerite de Navarre
Marguerite de Navarre (Marguerite d'Angoulême, Marguerite d'Alençon; 11 April 149221 December 1549), also known as Marguerite of Angoulême and Margaret of Navarre, was the princess of France, Queen of Navarre, and Duchess of Alençon and Berry.
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Maria Anna of Spain
Infanta Maria Anna of Spain (18 August 1606 – 13 May 1646),.
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Maria Salviati
Maria Salviati (17 July 1499 – 29 December 1543) was an Italian noblewoman, the daughter of Lucrezia di Lorenzo de' Medici and Jacopo Salviati.
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Marie de' Medici
Marie de' Medici (Marie de Médicis, Maria de' Medici; 26 April 1575 – 3 July 1642) was Queen of France as the second wife of King Henry IV of France, of the House of Bourbon.
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Marie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme
Marie of Luxembourg (died 1 April 1547) was a French princess, the elder daughter and principal heiress of Peter II of Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol and Soissons, and Margaret of Savoy, a daughter of Louis I, Duke of Savoy.
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Mary of Modena
Mary of Modena (Maria di Modena) (Maria Beatrice Anna Margherita Isabella d'Este; –) was Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland as the second wife of James II and VII (1633–1701).
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Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
Mary, Princess Royal (Mary Henrietta; 4 November 1631 – 24 December 1660) was Princess of Orange and Countess of Nassau by marriage to Prince William II, and co-regent for her son during his minority as Sovereign Prince of Orange from 1651 to 1660.
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Mary, Queen of Scots
Mary, Queen of Scots (8 December 1542 – 8 February 1587), also known as Mary Stuart or Mary I, reigned over Scotland from 14 December 1542 to 24 July 1567.
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Maryland
Maryland is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east.
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Masque
The masque was a form of festive courtly entertainment that flourished in 16th- and early 17th-century Europe, though it was developed earlier in Italy, in forms including the intermedio (a public version of the masque was the pageant).
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Merton College, Oxford
Merton College (in full: The House or College of Scholars of Merton in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England.
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Monstrance
A monstrance, also known as an ostensorium (or an ostensory), is the vessel used in Roman Catholic, Old Catholic and Anglican churches for the more convenient exhibition of some object of piety, such as the consecrated Eucharistic host during Eucharistic adoration or Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.
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Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin
Murrough MacDermod O'Brien, 6th Baron Inchiquin, 1st Baron O'Brien of Burren, 1st Earl of Inchiquin (1614 – 9 September, 1674), was known as Murchadh na dTóiteán ("of the conflagrations" i.e.: extensive burnings) – of Irish who would not convert to Anglicanism and their land, crops, livestock, and dwellings.
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National Portrait Gallery, London
The National Portrait Gallery (NPG) is an art gallery in London housing a collection of portraits of historically important and famous British people.
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New Alresford
New Alresford or simply Alresford is a small town and civil parish in the City of Winchester district of Hampshire, England.
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Newport, Isle of Wight
Newport is a civil parish and the county town of the Isle of Wight, an island off the south coast of England.
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Nicholas Lanier
Nicholas Lanier, sometimes Laniere (baptised at Greenwich 10 September 1588 – 24 February 1666) was an English composer and musician; the first to hold the title of Master of the King's Music from 1625 to 1666, an honour given to musicians of great distinction.
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Nonsuch Palace
Nonsuch Palace was a Tudor royal palace, built by Henry VIII in Surrey, England; it stood from 1538 to 1682–83.
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Northwest Passage
The Northwest Passage (abbreviated as NWP) is, from the European and northern Atlantic point of view, the sea route to the Pacific Ocean through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
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Oatlands Palace
Oatlands Palace is a former Tudor and Stuart royal palace which took the place of the former manor of the village of Oatlands in Surrey, England.
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Opium
Opium (poppy tears, with the scientific name: Lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the opium poppy (scientific name: Papaver somniferum).
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Oratory of Saint Philip Neri
The Congregation of the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri is a pontifical society of apostolic life of Catholic priests and lay-brothers who live together in a community bound together by no formal vows but only with the bond of charity.
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Orazio Gentileschi
Orazio Lomi Gentileschi (1563–1639) was an Italian painter.
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Order of Friars Minor Capuchin
The Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (postnominal abbr. O.F.M.Cap.) is an order of friars within the Catholic Church, among the chief offshoots of the Franciscans.
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Oxford
Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire.
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Palace of Placentia
The Palace of Placentia was an English Royal Palace built by Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, in 1443, in Greenwich, on the banks of the River Thames, downstream from London.
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Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, Marquis of Villafranca
Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Zúñiga, jure uxoris Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo (Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Zúñiga, Marqués de Villafranca del Bierzo; July 13, 1484 – February 21, 1553) was a Spanish politician.
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Pendennis Castle
Pendennis Castle is an artillery fort constructed by Henry VIII near Falmouth, Cornwall, England between 1540 and 1542.
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Peter Paul Rubens
Sir Peter Paul Rubens (28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640) was a Flemish artist.
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Philip I of Castile
Philip I (22 July 1478 – 25 September 1506) called the Handsome or the Fair, was the first member of the house of Habsburg to be King of Castile.
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Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV of Spain (Felipe IV; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665) was King of Spain (as Philip IV in Castille and Philip III in Aragon) and Portugal as Philip III (Filipe III).
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Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
Philippe, Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701) was the younger son of Louis XIII of France and his wife, Anne of Austria.
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Platonic love
Platonic love (often lower-cased as platonic) is a term used for a type of love, or close relationship that is non-sexual.
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Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom
The British Poet Laureate is an honorary position appointed by the monarch of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Prime Minister.
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Prince Rupert of the Rhine
Prince Rupert of the Rhine, Duke of Cumberland (17 December 1619 – 29 November 1682) was a noted German soldier, admiral, scientist, sportsman, colonial governor and amateur artist during the 17th century.
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Province of Maryland
The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland.
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Proxy marriage
A proxy wedding or proxy marriage is a wedding in which one or both of the individuals being united are not physically present, usually being represented instead by other persons.
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Puritans
The Puritans were English Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to "purify" the Church of England from its "Catholic" practices, maintaining that the Church of England was only partially reformed.
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Randal MacDonnell, 1st Marquess of Antrim (1645 creation)
Randal MacDonnell, 1st Marquess of Antrim (16093 February 1683) was a Roman Catholic landed magnate in Scotland and Ireland, son of the 1st Earl of Antrim.
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René, Duke of Alençon
René of Alençon (1454 – 1 November 1492, Chateau d'Alençon, age 37–38), was the son of John II of Alençon and Marie of Armagnac.
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Requiem
A Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known as Mass for the dead (Latin: Missa pro defunctis) or Mass of the dead (Latin: Missa defunctorum), is a Mass in the Catholic Church offered for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons, using a particular form of the Roman Missal.
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Restoration (England)
The Restoration of the English monarchy took place in the Stuart period.
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Richard Blount
Richard Blount, S.J. (1565–1638) was an English priest and the first Jesuit Provincial of England after the Elizabethan Laws were passed.
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Richmond Palace
Richmond Palace was a royal residence on the River Thames in England that stood in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
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Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex
Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, KB, PC (11 January 1591 – 14 September 1646) was an English Parliamentarian and soldier during the first half of the 17th century.
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Robert Phillip
Robert Phillip (died 4 January 1647 at Paris) was a Scottish Roman Catholic priest, the confessor to Henrietta Maria of France.
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Roundhead
Roundheads were supporters of the Parliament of England during the English Civil War.
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Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom
The royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom, or the Royal Arms for short, is the official coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II.
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Royal Collection
The Royal Collection is the art collection of the British Royal Family and the largest private art collection in the world.
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Royal Highness
Royal Highness (abbreviated HRH for His Royal Highness or Her Royal Highness) is a style used to address or refer to some members of royal families, usually princes or princesses.
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Saltire
A saltire, also called Saint Andrew's Cross, is a heraldic symbol in the form of a diagonal cross, like the shape of the letter X in Roman type.
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Samuel Pepys
Samuel Pepys (23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an administrator of the navy of England and Member of Parliament who is most famous for the diary he kept for a decade while still a relatively young man.
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Second English Civil War
The Second English Civil War (1648–1649) was the second of three wars known collectively as the English Civil War (or Wars), which refers to the series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651 and also include the First English Civil War (1642–1646) and the Third English Civil War (1649–1651).
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Sir Richard Wynn, 2nd Baronet
Sir Richard Wynn, 2nd Baronet (1588 – 19 July 1649) was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1649.
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Somerset House
Somerset House is a large Neoclassical building situated on the south side of the Strand in central London, overlooking the River Thames, just east of Waterloo Bridge.
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Sophia of Hanover
Sophia of Hanover (born Sophia of the Palatinate; 14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714) was the Electress of Hanover from 1692 to 1698.
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Southwell, Nottinghamshire
Southwell is a town in Nottinghamshire, England, the site of Southwell Minster, the cathedral of the Anglican Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham covering Nottinghamshire.
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St Augustine's Abbey
St Augustine's Abbey was a Benedictine monastery in Canterbury, Kent, England.
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Stratford-upon-Avon
Stratford-upon-Avon is a market town and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon District, in the county of Warwickshire, England, on the River Avon, north west of London, south east of Birmingham, and south west of Warwick.
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Susan Feilding, Countess of Denbigh
Susan Feilding, Countess of Denbigh (née Villiers; 1583 – 1652) was an English courtier.
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Théodore de Mayerne
Sir Théodore Turquet de Mayerne (28 September 1573 – 22 March 1654 or 1655) was a Genevan-born physician who treated kings of France and England and advanced the theories of Paracelsus.
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The Closet of the Eminently Learned Sir Kenelme Digbie Kt. Opened
The Closet of the Eminently Learned Sir Kenelme Digbie Kt.
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The Hague
The Hague (Den Haag,, short for 's-Gravenhage) is a city on the western coast of the Netherlands and the capital of the province of South Holland.
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The Midlands
The Midlands is a cultural and geographic area roughly spanning central England that broadly corresponds to the early medieval Kingdom of Mercia.
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Third English Civil War
The Third English Civil War (1649–1651) was the last of the English Civil Wars (1642–1651), a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists.
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Thomas James (sea captain)
Captain Thomas James (1593–1635) was a Welsh sea captain, notable as a navigator and explorer, who set out to discover the Northwest Passage, the hoped for ocean route around the top of North America to Asia.
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Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford
Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford (13 April 1593 (O.S.) – 12 May 1641) was an English statesman and a major figure in the period leading up to the English Civil War.
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Tyburn
Tyburn was a village in the county of Middlesex close to the current location of Marble Arch and the southern end of Edgware Road in present-day London.
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Veronica Wedgwood
Dame Cicely Veronica Wedgwood, (20 July 1910 – 9 March 1997) was an English historian who published under the name C. V. Wedgwood.
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Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy
Victor Amadeus I (Vittorio Amedeo I di Savoia; 8 May 1587 – 7 October 1637) was the Duke of Savoy from 1630 to 1637.
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Vladislaus II of Hungary
Vladislaus II, also known as Vladislav II, Władysław II or Wladislas II (1 March 1456 – 13 March 1516; Vladislav Jagellonský; II.; Władysław II Jagiellończyk; Vladislav II.; Vladislav II.), was King of Bohemia from 1471 to 1516, and King of Hungary and Croatia from 1490 to 1516.
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Wars of the Three Kingdoms
The Wars of the Three Kingdoms, sometimes known as the British Civil Wars, formed an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in the kingdoms of England, Ireland and Scotland between 1639 and 1651.
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Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster.
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Whitehall
Whitehall is a road in the City of Westminster, Central London, which forms the first part of the A3212 road from Trafalgar Square to Chelsea.
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William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle
William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne KG KB PC (6 December 1592 – 25 December 1676) was an English polymath and aristocrat, having been a poet, equestrian, playwright, swordsman, politician, architect, diplomat and soldier.
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William Davenant
Sir William Davenant (baptised 3 March 1606 – 7 April 1668), also spelled D'Avenant, was an English poet and playwright.
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William II, Prince of Orange
William II (27 May 1626 – 6 November 1650) was sovereign Prince of Orange and stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands from 14 March 1647 until his death three years later.
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William III of England
William III (Willem; 4 November 1650 – 8 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from 1672 and King of England, Ireland and Scotland from 1689 until his death in 1702.
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William Laud
William Laud (7 October 1573 – 10 January 1645) was an English archbishop and academic.
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William Prynne
William Prynne (1600 – 24 October 1669) was an English lawyer, author, polemicist, and political figure.
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William Waller
Sir William Waller (c. 1597 – 19 September 1668) was an English Parliamentary general during the English Civil War.
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Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire.
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York
York is a historic walled city at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England.
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1632
No description.
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1634
No description.
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1635
No description.
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1638
No description.
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16th arrondissement of Paris
The 16th arrondissement of Paris (XVIe arrondissement) is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France.
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Redirects here:
Charles James Stuart, Duke of Cornwall, Henrietta Maria, Henrietta Maria De Bourbon, Henrietta Maria de Bourbon, Henrietta Maria of England, Henrietta-Maria de Bourbon, Henriette Marie de France, Queen Henrietta Maria, Queen Henrietta Maria of England, Queen Henriette Maria.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrietta_Maria_of_France
