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267 relations: Andrés Bello, Andrés de Santa Cruz, Anti-clericalism, Antonio Pigafetta, Araucanía (historic region), Arauco War, Argentine–Chilean naval arms race, Arturo Alessandri, Atacama Desert, Atacama people, Augusto Pinochet, Aysén Region, Baltasar Garzón, Bank regulation, Battle of Chacabuco, Battle of Maipú, Battle of Rancagua, Battle of the Maule, Battle of Tucapel, Battle of Yungay, BBC News, Bernardo O'Higgins, Binomial voting, Biobío River, Black market, Bolivia, Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina, Brunei, Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs, Cabildo (council), Calle-Calle River, Cape Horn, Capital flight, Captaincy General of Chile, Carabineros de Chile, Caravan of Death, Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, Carmen Gloria Quintana, Caso Degollados, Catholic Church, César Mendoza, Central Bank of Chile, Central Intelligence Agency, Chamber of Deputies of Chile, Chicago Boys, Chile, Chile Vamos, Chilean Civil War of 1891, Chilean Constitution of 1833, Chilean Constitution of 1925, ..., Chilean Declaration of Independence, Chilean land reform, Chilean presidential election, 1964, Chilean presidential election, 1970, Chilean presidential election, 2009–10, Chilean transition to democracy, Chilean War of Independence, Chiloé Archipelago, Chiloé Island, China, Chincha Islands War, Choapa River, Christian Democratic Party (Chile), Christopher Andrew (historian), Chubut Province, Church Committee, Civil liberties, Classical liberalism, Clovis culture, CNN, Coal, Cold War, Colombia, Communist Party of Chile, Concertación, Constitution, Constitution of Chile, Copiapó, Copper, Coup d'état, Credit crunch, Criollo people, Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument, David Rock (historian), Death of Salvador Allende, Depression (economics), Deregulation, Diego de Almagro, Diego Portales, Dirección de Inteligencia, Economic history of Chile, Economy of Chile, Eduardo Frei Montalva, Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, Education in Chile, El País, El Universal (Mexico City), Electoral fraud, Encomienda, Enlightenment in Spain, European Union, Ferdinand Magellan, Ferdinand VII of Spain, Fernando Matthei, Forced disappearance, Francisco Antonio Pinto, Francisco Pizarro, Free-trade area, Freedom of speech, Government budget balance, Government Junta of Chile (1924), Government Junta of Chile (1925), Gross domestic product, Hernán Büchi, History of Latin America, History of South America, History of the Americas, Home Secretary, Human rights, Inca Empire, Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Inflation, Iron, Jack Straw, Joaquín Lavín, Jorge Alessandri, Jorge Montt, José de San Martín, José Joaquín Pérez, José Joaquín Prieto, José Manuel Balmaceda, José Miguel Carrera, Joseph Bonaparte, KGB, Khmer Rouge, La Frontera, Chile, La Moneda Palace, La Pampa Province, Laissez-faire, Latin American Network Information Center, Lautaro, Lava tube, Liberalization, List of Presidents of Chile, Los Lagos Region, Luis Altamirano, Luis Emilio Recabarren, Magallanes Region, Manuel Bulnes, Manuel Montt, Manuel Rodríguez Erdoíza, Mapuche, Marmaduke Grove, Marusia massacre, Marxism, Maule River, Michelle Bachelet, Military dictatorship, Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–90), Miracle of Chile, Monte Verde, MSNBC, Napoleon, National Congress of Chile, National Socialist Movement of Chile, Nationalization, Neuquén Province, Nitrate, Occupation of Araucanía, Operation Toucan (KGB), Pali-Aike volcanic field, Panama, Patagon, Patagonia, Patria Nueva, Patria Vieja, Patricio Aylwin, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, Pedro de Valdivia, Pedro Vuskovic, Pelucones, Penta case, Periodization of pre-Columbian Peru, Peru, Peru–Bolivian Confederation, Pipiolos, Plurality (voting), Politics of Chile, Popular Front (Chile), Popular Unitary Action Movement, Popular Unity (Chile), President of Chile, Privatization, Project FUBELT, Public works, Puerto Montt, Puna de Atacama dispute, Radical Party (Chile), Radomiro Tomic, Ramón Barros Luco, Ramón Freire, Río Negro Province, Recognition of same-sex unions in Chile, Reconquista, Reconquista (Spanish America), Referendum, René Schneider, Rettig Report, Ricardo Lagos, Richard Nixon, Robert N. Burr, Rodolfo Stange, Rodrigo Rojas DeNegri, Royalist (Spanish American independence), Saber noise, Salvador Allende, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Santiago, Sebastián Piñera, Seguro Obrero massacre, Singapore, Socialist Party of Chile, Sodium nitrate, South Korea, Spanish American wars of independence, Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish Empire, Steel, Strait of Magellan, Strike action, Supermajority, Tanquetazo, Tariff, Tehuelche people, The New York Times, The Times, The Washington Post, Tierra del Fuego, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina, Timeline of Chilean history, Topa Inca Yupanqui, Toqui, Torture, Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement, Tsunami, Two-round system, Unemployment, Unitary state, United States Department of State, United States intervention in Chile, Universal jurisdiction, University of Chicago, University of Santiago, Chile, Valdivia, Valech Report, Vasili Mitrokhin, Viceroyalty of Peru, Vuskovic plan, War of the Confederation, War of the Pacific, 1851 Chilean Revolution, 1925 Chilean coup d'état, 1973 Chilean coup d'état, 2010 Chile earthquake, 2010 Copiapó mining accident, 2011–13 Chilean student protests. 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Andrés Bello
Andrés de Jesús María y José Bello López (November 29, 1781 – October 15, 1865) was a Venezuelan humanist, diplomat, poet, legislator, philosopher, educator and philologist, whose political and literary works constitute an important part of Spanish American culture.
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Andrés de Santa Cruz
Andrés de Santa Cruz y Calahumana (December 5, 1792 in Huarina, Bolivia – September 25, 1865 in Beauvoir, France) served as the seventh President of Peru during 1827, the Interim President of Peru from 1836 to 1838 and President of Bolivia (1829–39).
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Anti-clericalism
Anti-clericalism is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters.
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Antonio Pigafetta
Antonio Pigafetta (c. 1491 – c. 1531) was an Italian scholar and explorer from the Republic of Venice.
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Araucanía (historic region)
Araucanía or Araucana was the Spanish name given to the region of Chile inhabited by the Mapuche peoples known as the Moluche (also known as Araucanos by the Spanish) in the 18th century.
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Arauco War
The Arauco War was a long-running conflict between colonial Spaniards and the Mapuche people, mostly fought in the Araucanía.
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Argentine–Chilean naval arms race
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the South American nations of Argentina and Chile engaged in an expensive naval arms race to ensure the other would not gain supremacy in the Southern Cone.
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Arturo Alessandri
Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma (December 20, 1868 – August 24, 1950) was a Chilean political figure and reformer, who served thrice as the President of Chile, first between 1920 and 1924, then for part of 1925, and finally from 1932 until 1938.
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Atacama Desert
The Atacama Desert (Desierto de Atacama) is a plateau in South America (primarily in Chile), covering a 1000-km (600-mi) strip of land on the Pacific coast, west of the Andes mountains.
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Atacama people
The Atacama people, known as atacameños or atacamas in Spanish and kunzas, likan-antai or likanantaí in English, are an indigenous people from the Atacama Desert and altiplano region in the north of Chile and Argentina and southern Bolivia.
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Augusto Pinochet
Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean general, politician and the dictator of Chile between 1973 and 1990 who remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army until 1998 and was also President of the Government Junta of Chile between 1973 and 1981.
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Aysén Region
The Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region (Región de Aysén,, XI Región Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo), often shortened to Aysén Region or Aisén,Examples of name usage:, official regional government site refers to the region as "Región de Aysén".
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Baltasar Garzón
Baltasar Garzón Real (born 26 October 1955) is a Spanish jurist.
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Bank regulation
Bank regulation is a form of government regulation which subjects banks to certain requirements, restrictions and guidelines, designed to create market transparency between banking institutions and the individuals and corporations with whom they conduct business, among other things.
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Battle of Chacabuco
The Battle of Chacabuco, fought during the Chilean War of Independence, occurred on February 12, 1817.
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Battle of Maipú
The Battle of Maipú (Batalla de Maipú) was a battle fought near Santiago, Chile on April 5, 1818 between South American rebels and Spanish royalists, during the Chilean War of Independence.
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Battle of Rancagua
The Battle of Rancagua also known as the Disaster of Rancagua occurred on October 1, 1814, to October 2, 1814, when the Spanish Army under the command of Mariano Osorio defeated the rebel Chilean forces led by Bernardo O’Higgins.
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Battle of the Maule
The Battle of the Maule was fought between the Mapuche people of Chile and the Inca Empire of Peru in what is now the Maule River, Chile.
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Battle of Tucapel
The Battle of Tucapel (also known as the Disaster of Tucapel) is the name given to a battle fought between Spanish conquistador forces led by Pedro de Valdivia and Mapuche (Araucanian) Indians under Lautaro that took place at Tucapel, Chile on December 25, 1553.
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Battle of Yungay
The Battle of Yungay (or Yungai) was the final battle of the War of the Confederation, fought on January 20, 1839, near Yungay, Peru.
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.
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Bernardo O'Higgins
Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (1778–1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence.
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Binomial voting
The binomial system (Sistema binominal) is a voting system that was used in the parliamentary elections of Chile between 1989 and 2013.
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Biobío River
The Biobío River (also known as Bío Bío or Bio-Bio) is the second largest river in Chile.
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Black market
A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or transaction that has some aspect of illegality or is characterized by some form of noncompliant behavior with an institutional set of rules.
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Bolivia
Bolivia (Mborivia; Buliwya; Wuliwya), officially known as the Plurinational State of Bolivia (Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia), is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.
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Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina
The Boundary Treaty of 1881 (Tratado de Límites de 1881) between Argentina and Chile was signed on the 23 July 1881 in Buenos Aires by Bernardo de Irigoyen, on the part of Argentina, and Francisco de Borja Echeverría, on the part of Chile, with the aim to establish a precise and exact borderline between the two countries based on the uti possidetis juris principle.
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Brunei
Brunei, officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi), is a sovereign state located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia.
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Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs
In the United States government, the Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs (WHA) is a part of the U.S. Department of State, charged with implementing U.S. foreign policy and promoting U.S. interests in the Western Hemisphere, as well as advising the Under Secretary for Political Affairs.
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Cabildo (council)
A cabildo or ayuntamiento was a Spanish colonial, and early post-colonial, administrative council which governed a municipality.
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Calle-Calle River
Calle-Calle River (Mapudungun for lot of Iridaceaes) also called Gudalafquén in Mapudungun, is a river in Valdivia Province, southern Chile.
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Cape Horn
Cape Horn (Cabo de Hornos) is the southernmost headland of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago of southern Chile, and is located on the small Hornos Island.
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Capital flight
Capital flight, in economics, occurs when assets or money rapidly flow out of a country, due to an event of economic consequence.
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Captaincy General of Chile
The General Captaincy of Chile (Capitanía General de Chile) or Gobernación de Chile, was a territory of the Spanish Empire, from 1541 to 1818.
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Carabineros de Chile
Carabiniers of Chile (Carabineros de Chile) are the Chilean national police force, who have jurisdiction over the entire national territory of Chile.
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Caravan of Death
The Caravan of Death (Caravana de la Muerte) was a Chilean Army death squad that, following the Chilean coup of 1973, flew by helicopters from south to north of Chile between September 30 and October 22, 1973.
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Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (November 3, 1877 – April 28, 1960) was a Chilean Army officer and political figure.
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Carmen Gloria Quintana
Carmen Gloria Quintana Arancibia (born c. 1968) is a Chilean woman who suffered severe burns in an incident where she and other young people were detained by an army patrol during a street demonstration against the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet.
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Caso Degollados
The Caso Degollados (English: "Slit-Throat Case") was a politically motivated series of murders of opposition members that took place in Chile in 1985, during Augusto Pinochet's military dictatorship.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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César Mendoza
General César Leonidas Mendoza Durán (September 11, 1918 – September 13, 1996) was a member of the Government Junta which ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990, representing the country-wide police force, the Carabineros de Chile.
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Central Bank of Chile
The Central Bank of Chile (Banco Central de Chile) is the central bank of Chile.
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Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT).
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Chamber of Deputies of Chile
The Honourable Chamber of Deputies of the Republic of Chile (Cámara de Diputados) is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress.
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Chicago Boys
The Chicago Boys were a group of Chilean economists prominent around the 1970s and 1980s, the majority of whom trained at the Department of Economics of the University of Chicago under Milton Friedman and Arnold Harberger, or at its affiliate in the economics department at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile.
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Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
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Chile Vamos
Chile Vamos (Spanish for "Let’s go Chile”) is a Chilean political coalition of four centre-right parties.
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Chilean Civil War of 1891
The Chilean Civil War of 1891, also known as Revolution of 1891 was an armed conflict between forces supporting Congress and forces supporting the President, José Manuel Balmaceda.
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Chilean Constitution of 1833
Painting of Diego Portales. The Constitution of 1833 has been seen as the embodiement of the "Portalian thought". The Constitution of 1833 was the constitution used in Chile from 1833 to 1925 when it was replaced by the Constitution of 1925.
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Chilean Constitution of 1925
The Constitution of 1925 was the constitution in force in Chile between 1925 and 1973 when the Government Junta suspended it.
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Chilean Declaration of Independence
The Chilean Declaration of Independence is a document declaring the independence of Chile from the Spanish Empire.
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Chilean land reform
The Chilean land reform (Reforma agraria chilena) was a process of land ownership restructuring that occurred from 1962 to 1973 in different phases.
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Chilean presidential election, 1964
Presidential elections were held in Chile on 4 September 1964.
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Chilean presidential election, 1970
Presidential elections were held in Chile on 4 September 1970.
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Chilean presidential election, 2009–10
The first round of the Chilean presidential election of 2009–2010 was held on Sunday December 13, 2009.
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Chilean transition to democracy
The Chilean transition to democracy began when a Constitution establishing a transition itinerary was approved in a plebiscite.
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Chilean War of Independence
The Chilean War of Independence was a war between pro-independence Chilean criollos seeking political and economic independence from Spain and royalist criollos supporting continued allegiance to the Captaincy General of Chile and membership of the Spanish Empire.
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Chiloé Archipelago
The Chiloé Archipelago (Archipiélago de Chiloé) is a group of islands lying off the coast of Chile, in the Los Lagos Region.
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Chiloé Island
Chiloé Island (Spanish: Isla de Chiloé), also known as Greater Island of Chiloé (Isla Grande de Chiloé), is the largest island of the Chiloé Archipelago off the coast of Chile, in the Pacific Ocean.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chincha Islands War
The Chincha Islands War, also known as Spanish-South American War (Guerra hispano-sudamericana) was a series of coastal and naval battles between Spain and its former colonies of Peru and Chile from 1864 to 1866.
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Choapa River
Choapa River or El Río Choapa is a river of Chile located in the Coquimbo Region.
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Christian Democratic Party (Chile)
The Christian Democratic Party (Partido Demócrata Cristiano, PDC) is a Christian democratic political party in Chile and governs as part of the Nueva Mayoría coalition.
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Christopher Andrew (historian)
Christopher Maurice Andrew (born 23 July 1941) is an Emeritus Professor of Modern and Contemporary History at the University of Cambridge with an interest in international relations and in particular the history of intelligence services.
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Chubut Province
Chubut (Talaith Chubut; Provincia del Chubut) is a province in southern Argentina, situated between the 42nd parallel south (the border with Río Negro Province), the 46th parallel south (bordering Santa Cruz Province), the Andes range to the west, and the Atlantic ocean to the east.
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Church Committee
The Church Committee was the United States Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, a U.S. Senate committee chaired by Idaho Senator Frank Church (D-ID) in 1975.
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Civil liberties
Civil liberties or personal freedoms are personal guarantees and freedoms that the government cannot abridge, either by law or by judicial interpretation, without due process.
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Classical liberalism
Classical liberalism is a political ideology and a branch of liberalism which advocates civil liberties under the rule of law with an emphasis on economic freedom.
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Clovis culture
The Clovis culture is a prehistoric Paleo-Indian culture, named for distinct stone tools found in close association with Pleistocene fauna at Blackwater Locality No. 1 near Clovis, New Mexico, in the 1920s and 1930s.
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CNN
Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.
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Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
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Cold War
The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).
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Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America.
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Communist Party of Chile
The Communist Party of Chile (Partido Comunista de Chile) is a Chilean political party inspired by the thoughts of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin.
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Concertación
The Concertación (full Spanish name: Concertación de Partidos por la Democracia, English: Coalition of Parties for Democracy) was a coalition of center-left political parties in Chile, founded in 1988.
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Constitution
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.
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Constitution of Chile
The current Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile, approved by Chilean voters in a controversial plebiscite on September 11, 1980, under the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, partially effective March 11, 1981, fully effective 11 March 1990 and amended considerably on August 17, 1989 (via referendum) and on September 22, 2005 (legislatively), and also in 1991, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, replaced the earlier constitution of 1925.
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Copiapó
Copiapó is a city in northern Chile, located about 65 kilometers east of the coastal town of Caldera.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Coup d'état
A coup d'état, also known simply as a coup, a putsch, golpe de estado, or an overthrow, is a type of revolution, where the illegal and overt seizure of a state by the military or other elites within the state apparatus occurs.
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Credit crunch
A credit crunch (also known as a credit squeeze or credit crisis) is a sudden reduction in the general availability of loans (or credit) or a sudden tightening of the conditions required to obtain a loan from banks.
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Criollo people
The Criollo is a term which, in modern times, has diverse meanings, but is most commonly associated with Latin Americans who are of full or near full Spanish descent, distinguishing them from both multi-racial Latin Americans and Latin Americans of post-colonial (and not necessarily Spanish) European immigrant origin.
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Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument
Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument is a Natural Monument located in the Chilean Patagonia, northwest of Puerto Natales and north of Punta Arenas.
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David Rock (historian)
David Rock is a Latin Americanist historian, who specializes in the history of Argentina.
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Death of Salvador Allende
On September 11, 1973, Salvador Allende, President of Chile, died of self-inflicted gunshot wounds during a coup d'état led by the Chilean Army Commander-in-Chief Augusto Pinochet.
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Depression (economics)
In economics, a depression is a sustained, long-term downturn in economic activity in one or more economies.
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Deregulation
Deregulation is the process of removing or reducing state regulations, typically in the economic sphere.
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Diego de Almagro
Diego de Almagro, (– July 8, 1538), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador and a companion.
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Diego Portales
Diego José Pedro Víctor Portales y Palazuelos (June 16, 1793 – June 6, 1837) was a Chilean statesman and entrepreneur.
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Dirección de Inteligencia
The Intelligence Directorate (Dirección de Inteligencia, DI), commonly known as G2 and, until 1989, named Dirección General de Inteligencia (DGI), on cubamilitar.org is the main state intelligence agency of the government of Cuba.
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Economic history of Chile
The economy of Chile has shifted substantially over time from the heterogeneous economies of the diverse indigenous peoples to an early husbandry-oriented economy and finally to one of raw material export and a large service sector.
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Economy of Chile
Chile is ranked as a high-income economy by the World Bank, and is considered as South America's most stable and prosperous nation, leading Latin American nations in competitiveness, income per capita, globalization, economic freedom, and low perception of corruption.
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Eduardo Frei Montalva
Eduardo Nicanor Frei Montalva (January 16, 1911 – January 22, 1982) was a Chilean political leader.
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Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle
Eduardo Alfredo Juan Bernardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle (born June 24, 1942) is a Chilean politician and civil engineer who was President of Chile from 1994 to 2000.
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Education in Chile
Education in Chile is divided in preschool, primary school, secondary school, and technical or higher education (university).The levels of education in Chile are.
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El País
El País (literally The Country) is the most read newspaper (231,140 printed copies) in Spain and the most circulated daily newspaper (180,765 circulation average), according to data certified by the Office of Justification of Dissemination (OJD) and referring to the period of January 2017 to December 2017.
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El Universal (Mexico City)
El Universal is a major Mexican newspaper.
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Electoral fraud
Electoral fraud, election manipulation, or vote rigging is illegal interference with the process of an election, whether by increasing the vote share of the favored candidate, depressing the vote share of the rival candidates, or both.
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Encomienda
Encomienda was a labor system in Spain and its empire.
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Enlightenment in Spain
The ideas of the Age of Enlightenment (in Spanish, Ilustración) came to Spain in the eighteenth century with the new Bourbon dynasty, following the death of the last Habsburg monarch, Charles II, in 1700.
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan (or; Fernão de Magalhães,; Fernando de Magallanes,; c. 1480 – 27 April 1521) was a Portuguese explorer who organised the Spanish expedition to the East Indies from 1519 to 1522, resulting in the first circumnavigation of the Earth, completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano.
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Ferdinand VII of Spain
Ferdinand VII (Fernando; 14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833) was twice King of Spain: in 1808 and again from 1813 to his death.
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Fernando Matthei
Fernando Matthei Aubel (11 July 1925 – 19 November 2017) was a Chilean Air Force General who was part of the military junta that ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990, replacing the dismissed Gustavo Leigh as Air Force Commander in Chief on 24 July 1978.
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Forced disappearance
In international human rights law, a forced disappearance (or enforced disappearance) occurs when a person is secretly abducted or imprisoned by a state or political organization or by a third party with the authorization, support, or acquiescence of a state or political organization, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the person's fate and whereabouts, with the intent of placing the victim outside the protection of the law.
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Francisco Antonio Pinto
Francisco Antonio Pinto y Díaz de la Puente (July 23, 1785 – July 18, 1858) was a Chilean politician who served as President of Chile between 1827 and 1829.
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Francisco Pizarro
Francisco Pizarro González (– 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that conquered the Inca Empire.
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Free-trade area
A free-trade area is the region encompassing a trade bloc whose member countries have signed a free-trade agreement (FTA).
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Freedom of speech
Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or sanction.
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Government budget balance
A government budget is a financial statement presenting the government's proposed revenues and spending for a financial year.
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Government Junta of Chile (1924)
Government Junta of Chile (September 11, 1924 - January 23, 1925), (also known as the September Junta) was the political structure established to rule Chile following the anti-conservative military coup that assumed power after first interfering in progressive President Arturo Alessandri's deadlocked government.
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Government Junta of Chile (1925)
Government Junta of Chile (January 27, 1925 - March 20, 1925) (also known as the January Junta), was the political structure established to restore power to President Arturo Alessandri, after he had been deposed in 1924.
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Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.
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Hernán Büchi
Hernán Alberto Büchi Buc (born March 6, 1949) is a Chilean economist who served as minister of finance of the Pinochet dicatorship.
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History of Latin America
The term "Latin America" primarily refers to the Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries in the New World.
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History of South America
The history of South America is the study of the past, particularly the written record, oral histories, and traditions, passed down from generation to generation on the continent of South America.
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History of the Americas
The prehistory of the Americas (North, South, and Central America, and the Caribbean) begins with people migrating to these areas from Asia during the height of an Ice Age.
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Home Secretary
Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Home Department, normally referred to as the Home Secretary, is a senior official as one of the Great Offices of State within Her Majesty's Government and head of the Home Office.
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Human rights
Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, December 13, 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,, Retrieved August 14, 2014 that describe certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected as natural and legal rights in municipal and international law.
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Inca Empire
The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, "The Four Regions"), also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century.
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Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet
General Augusto Pinochet was indicted for human rights violations committed in his native Chile by Spanish magistrate Baltasar Garzón on 10 October 1998.
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Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.
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Inflation
In economics, inflation is a sustained increase in price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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Jack Straw
John Whitaker Straw (born 3 August 1946) is an English politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Blackburn from 1979 to 2015.
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Joaquín Lavín
Joaquín José Lavín Infante (born 23 October 1953) is a Chilean politician and economist.
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Jorge Alessandri
Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez (19 May 1896 – 31 August 1986) was the 27th President of Chile from 1958 to 1964, and was the candidate of the Chilean right in the crucial presidential election of 1970, which he lost to Salvador Allende.
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Jorge Montt
Jorge Montt Álvarez (April 26, 1845 – October 8, 1922) was a vice admiral in the Chilean Navy and president of Chile from 1891 to 1896.
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José de San Martín
José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras (25 February 1778 – 17 August 1850), known simply as José de San Martín or El Libertador of Argentina, Chile and Peru, was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire who served as the Protector of Peru.
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José Joaquín Pérez
José Joaquín Pérez Mascayano (6 May 1801 – 1 July 1889) was a Chilean political figure.
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José Joaquín Prieto
José Joaquín Prieto Vial (August 20, 1786 – November 22, 1854) was a Chilean military and political figure.
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José Manuel Balmaceda
José Manuel Emiliano Balmaceda Fernández (July 19, 1840 – September 18, 1891) was the 11th President of Chile from September 18, 1886 to August 29, 1891.
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José Miguel Carrera
José Miguel Carrera Verdugo (October 15, 1785 – September 4, 1821) was a Chilean general, member of the prominent Carrera family, and considered one of the founders of independent Chile.
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Joseph Bonaparte
Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte, born Giuseppe Buonaparte (7 January 1768 – 28 July 1844) was a French diplomat and nobleman, the elder brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who made him King of Naples and Sicily (1806–1808, as Giuseppe I), and later King of Spain (1808–1813, as José I).
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KGB
The KGB, an initialism for Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti (p), translated in English as Committee for State Security, was the main security agency for the Soviet Union from 1954 until its break-up in 1991.
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Khmer Rouge
The Khmer Rouge ("Red Khmers"; ខ្មែរក្រហម Khmer Kror-Horm) was the name popularly given to the followers of the Communist Party of Kampuchea and by extension to the regime through which the CPK ruled Cambodia between 1975 and 1979.
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La Frontera, Chile
La Frontera is the name given to a geographical region in Chile.
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La Moneda Palace
Palacio de La Moneda (Palace of the Mint), or simply La Moneda, is the seat of the President of the Republic of Chile.
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La Pampa Province
No description.
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Laissez-faire
Laissez-faire (from) is an economic system in which transactions between private parties are free from government intervention such as regulation, privileges, tariffs and subsidies.
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Latin American Network Information Center
The Latin American Network Information Center (LANIC) is a free internet portal on Latin American studies.
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Lautaro
Lautaro (Lef-Traru "swift hawk") (1534? – April 29, 1557) was a young Araucanian toqui who achieved notoriety for leading the indigenous resistance against Spanish conquest in Chile.
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Lava tube
A lava tube is a natural conduit formed by flowing lava which moves beneath the hardened surface of a lava flow.
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Liberalization
Liberalization (or liberalisation) is a general term for any process whereby a state lifts restrictions on some private individual activities.
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List of Presidents of Chile
This article contains a list of Presidents of Chile from the establishment of the First Government Junta in 1810, at the beginning of the Chilean War of Independence, to the present day.
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Los Lagos Region
Los Lagos Region (Región de Los Lagos, Region of the Lakes) is one of Chile's 15 regions, which are first order administrative divisions, and comprises four provinces: Chiloé, Llanquihue, Osorno and Palena.
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Luis Altamirano
Division General Luis Altamirano Talavera (July 5, 1867 – July 25, 1938) was a Chilean military officer, minister, Vice President of the Republic and finally President of the Government Junta of Chile between 1924 and 1925.
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Luis Emilio Recabarren
Luis Emilio Recabarren Serrano (July 6, 1876 – December 19, 1924) was a Chilean political figure.
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Magallanes Region
The Region of Magallanes, officially the XII Region of Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), is one of Chile's 15 first order administrative divisions.
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Manuel Bulnes
Manuel Bulnes Prieto (December 25, 1799 – October 18, 1866) was a Chilean military and political figure.
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Manuel Montt
Manuel Francisco Antonio Julián Montt Torres (September 4, 1809 – September 21, 1880) was a Chilean statesman and scholar.
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Manuel Rodríguez Erdoíza
Manuel Xavier Rodríguez Erdoíza (February 27, 1785 – May 26, 1818) was a Chilean lawyer and guerrilla leader, considered one of the founders of independent Chile.
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Mapuche
The Mapuche are a group of indigenous inhabitants of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of present-day Patagonia.
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Marmaduke Grove
Marmaduke Grove Vallejo (July 6, 1878 – May 15, 1954), his name erroneously spelled Marmaduque, was a Chilean Air Force officer, political figure and member of the Government Junta of the Socialist Republic of Chile in 1932.
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Marusia massacre
The Marusia massacre (Masacre de Marusia) (March, 1925) was the response of the Chilean government under president Arturo Alessandri to a strike by the workers of a saltpeter mine leading to over 500 dead, over ninety percent being strikers or their family members.
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Marxism
Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis that views class relations and social conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and takes a dialectical view of social transformation.
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Maule River
The Maule river or Río Maule (Mapudungun: rainy) is one of the most important rivers of Chile.
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Michelle Bachelet
Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria (born 29 September 1951) is a Chilean politician who was the President of Chile twice, from 2006 to 2010 and from 2014 to 2018, the first woman in her country to occupy this position.
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Military dictatorship
A military dictatorship (also known as a military junta) is a form of government where in a military force exerts complete or substantial control over political authority.
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Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–90)
The military dictatorship of Chile (dictadura militar de Chile) was an authoritarian military government that ruled Chile between 1973 and 1990.
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Miracle of Chile
The "Miracle of Chile" was a term used by economist Milton Friedman to describe the reorientation of the Chilean economy in the 1980s and the effects of the economic policies applied by a large group of Chilean economists who collectively came to be known as the Chicago Boys, having studied at the University of Chicago where Friedman taught.
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Monte Verde
Monte Verde is an archaeological site in southern Chile, located near Puerto Montt, Southern Chile, which has been dated to as early as 18,500 BP (16,500 B.C.). Until recently, the widely published date has been 14,800 years BP.
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MSNBC
MSNBC is an American news cable and satellite television network that provides news coverage and political commentary from NBC News on current events.
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Napoleon
Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.
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National Congress of Chile
The National Congress of Chile (Congreso Nacional de Chile) is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile.
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National Socialist Movement of Chile
Movimiento Nacional Socialista de Chile was a political movement in Chile, during the Presidential Republic Era, which initially supported the ideas of Adolf Hitler, although it later moved towards a more indigenous form of fascism.
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Nationalization
Nationalization (or nationalisation) is the process of transforming private assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state.
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Neuquén Province
Neuquén is a province of Argentina, located in the west of the country, at the northern end of Patagonia.
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Nitrate
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula and a molecular mass of 62.0049 u.
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Occupation of Araucanía
The Occupation of Araucanía or Pacification of Araucanía (1861–1883) was a series of military campaigns, agreements and penetrations by the Chilean army and settlers into Mapuche territory which led to the incorporation of Araucanía into Chilean national territory.
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Operation Toucan (KGB)
Operation TOUCAN was a KGB/DGI public relations and disinformation campaign directed at the military government of Chile led by Augusto Pinochet.
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Pali-Aike volcanic field
Pali-Aike volcanic field is a volcanic field in Argentina which straddles the border with Chile.
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Panama
Panama (Panamá), officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá), is a country in Central America, bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south.
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Patagon
The Patagones or Patagonian giants are a mythological race of people, who first began to appear in early European accounts of the then little-known region and coastline of Patagonia.
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Patagonia
Patagonia is a sparsely populated region located at the southern end of South America, shared by Argentina and Chile.
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Patria Nueva
Patria Nueva (New Fatherland) was a period in the history of Chile that began with the victory of Ejército de los Andes in the Battle of Chacabuco on 12 February 1817 and ended with the resignation of Bernardo O'Higgins as Supreme Director in 1823.
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Patria Vieja
Patria Vieja (Old Fatherland) refers to a time period in the History of Chile occurring between the First Junta of the Government (September 18, 1810) and the Disaster of Rancagua (October 1, 1814).
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Patricio Aylwin
Patricio Aylwin Azócar (26 November 1918 – 19 April 2016) was a Chilean politician from the Christian Democratic Party, lawyer, author, professor and former senator.
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Pedro Aguirre Cerda
Pedro Aguirre Cerda (February 6, 1879 – November 25, 1941) was a Chilean political figure.
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Pedro de Valdivia
Pedro Gutiérrez de Valdivia or Valdiva (April 17, 1497 – December 25, 1553) was a Spanish missionary and the first Cardinal of Chile.
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Pedro Vuskovic
Pedro Vuskovic Bravo (February 25, 1924 – May 10, 1993) was a Chilean economist of Croatian descent, political figure, minister and author of the economic plan implemented by Salvador Allende during his government called the Vuskovic plan.
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Pelucones
Mariano Egaña, was a notable Pelucón, politically he felt affinity to constitutional monarchy as a form of government Pelucones (Spanish for bigwigs) was the name used to refer to Chilean aristocratic conservatives in early 19th century.
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Penta case
The Penta case (or Penta-SQM, since the two cases are related) is a criminal case brought against Grupo Penta, a Chilean holding company Empresas Penta, and employees of the Chilean National Tax System (SII).
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Periodization of pre-Columbian Peru
This is a chart of cultural periods of Peru and the Andean Region developed by Edward Lanning and used by some archaeologists studying the area.
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Peru
Peru (Perú; Piruw Republika; Piruw Suyu), officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America.
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Peru–Bolivian Confederation
The Peru–Bolivian Confederation was a short-lived state that existed in South America between 1836 and 1839.
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Pipiolos
Ramón Freire, hero of the Chilean War of Independence and head of state between 1823 and 1826 and again in 1827, was an icon of the Pipiolo movement Pipiolos (Spanish for youngs, naives) was the name used to refer to Chilean upper class liberals in the early 19th century.
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Plurality (voting)
A plurality vote (in North America) or relative majority (in the United Kingdom) describes the circumstance when a candidate or proposition polls more votes than any other, but does not receive a majority.
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Politics of Chile
Chile's government is a representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Chile is both head of state and head of government, and of a formal multi-party system that in practice behaves like a two-party one, due to binomialism.
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Popular Front (Chile)
The Popular Front in Chile was an electoral and political left-wing coalition from 1937 to February 1941, during the Presidential Republic Era (1924–1973).
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Popular Unitary Action Movement
The Popular Unitary Action Movement or MAPU (Movimiento de Acción Popular Unitario) was a small leftist political party in Chile.
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Popular Unity (Chile)
The Popular Unity (Unidad Popular, UP) was a left-wing political alliance in Chile that stood behind the successful candidacy of Salvador Allende for the 1970 Chilean presidential election.
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President of Chile
The President of the Republic of Chile (Presidente de la República de Chile) is the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile.
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Privatization
Privatization (also spelled privatisation) is the purchase of all outstanding shares of a publicly traded company by private investors, or the sale of a state-owned enterprise to private investors.
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Project FUBELT
Project FUBELT (also known as Track II) is the codename for the secret Central Intelligence Agency operations that were to prevent Salvador Allende's rise to power before his confirmation and to promote a military coup in Chile.
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Public works
Public works (or internal improvements historically in the United States)Carter Goodrich, (Greenwood Press, 1960)Stephen Minicucci,, Studies in American Political Development (2004), 18:2:160-185 Cambridge University Press.
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Puerto Montt
Puerto Montt is a port city and commune in southern Chile, located at the northern end of the Reloncaví Sound in the Llanquihue Province, Los Lagos Region, 1,055 km to the south of the capital, Santiago.
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Puna de Atacama dispute
The Puna de Atacama dispute, sometimes referred to as Puna de Atacama Lawsuit (Spanish: Litigio de la Puna de Atacama), was a border dispute involving Argentina, Chile and Bolivia in the 19th century over the arid high plateau of Puna de Atacama located about 4500 meters above the sea around the current borders of the three countries.
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Radical Party (Chile)
The Radical Party (Spanish: Partido Radical) of Chile was a Chilean political party.
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Radomiro Tomic
Radomiro Tomic Romero (7 May 1914 – 3 January 1992) was a Chilean politician of Croatian origin.
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Ramón Barros Luco
Ramón Barros Luco (June 9, 1835 – September 20, 1919) was President of Chile between 1910 and 1915.
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Ramón Freire
Ramón Freire Serrano (November 29, 1787 – December 9, 1851) was a Chilean political figure.
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Río Negro Province
Río Negro (Black River) is a province of Argentina, located at the northern edge of Patagonia.
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Recognition of same-sex unions in Chile
Chile has recognized civil unions since 22 October 2015.
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Reconquista
The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for the "reconquest") is a name used to describe the period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula of about 780 years between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada to the expanding Christian kingdoms in 1492.
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Reconquista (Spanish America)
In colonial Spanish America, the Reconquista refers to the period following the defeat of Napoleon in 1814 during which royalist armies were able to gain the upper hand in the Spanish American wars of independence.
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Referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal.
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René Schneider
General René Schneider Chereau (December 31, 1913 – October 25, 1970) was the commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army at the time of the 1970 Chilean presidential election, when he was assassinated during a botched kidnapping attempt.
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Rettig Report
The Rettig Report, officially The National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation Report, is a 1991 report by a commission designated by then-President Patricio Aylwin (from the Concertación) encompassing human rights abuses resulting in death or disappearance that occurred in Chile during the years of military dictatorship under Augusto Pinochet, which began on September 11, 1973 and ended on March 11, 1990.
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Ricardo Lagos
Ricardo Froilán Lagos Escobar (born 2 March 1938) is a Chilean lawyer, economist and social democrat politician who served as President of Chile from 2000 to 2006.
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Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was an American politician who served as the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 until 1974, when he resigned from office, the only U.S. president to do so.
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Robert N. Burr
Robert N. Burr (1916-2014) was an American historian.
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Rodolfo Stange
General Rodolfo Stange Oelckers (born September 30, 1925) is a Chilean politician and former senator.
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Rodrigo Rojas DeNegri
Rodrigo Andrés Rojas De Negri (7 March 1967 – 6 July 1986), known as Rodrigo Rojas, was a young photographer who was burned alive during a street demonstration against the dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile.
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Royalist (Spanish American independence)
The royalists were the Latin American and European supporters of the various governing bodies of the Spanish Monarchy, during the Spanish American wars of independence, which lasted from 1808 until the king's death in 1833.
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Saber noise
In Chilean history, saber noise or saber rattling (ruido de sables) was an incident that took place on September 3, 1924, when a group of young military officers protested against the political class and the postponement of social measures by rattling the scabbards (chapes) of their sabers against the floor.
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Salvador Allende
Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and politician, known as the first Marxist to become president of a Latin American country through open elections.
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Santa Cruz Province, Argentina
Santa Cruz is a province of Argentina, located in the southern part of the country, in Patagonia.
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Santiago
Santiago, also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas.
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Sebastián Piñera
Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique (born 1 December 1949) is a Chilean politician and businessman.
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Seguro Obrero massacre
The Seguro Obrero massacre (Matanza del Seguro Obrero, literally in English: Workers Insurance's Massacre) occurred on September 5, 1938, and was the Chilean government's response to an attempted coup d'état by the National Socialist Movement of Chile (MNSCh), whose members were known at the time as Nacistas.
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Singapore
Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign city-state and island country in Southeast Asia.
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Socialist Party of Chile
The Socialist Party of Chile (Partido Socialista de Chile, or PS) is a political party within the centre-left Nueva Mayoría.
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Sodium nitrate
Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula NaNO3.
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South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.
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Spanish American wars of independence
The Spanish American wars of independence were the numerous wars against Spanish rule in Spanish America with the aim of political independence that took place during the early 19th century, after the French invasion of Spain during Europe's Napoleonic Wars.
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Spanish colonization of the Americas
The overseas expansion under the Crown of Castile was initiated under the royal authority and first accomplished by the Spanish conquistadors.
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Spanish Empire
The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español; Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history.
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Steel
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and other elements.
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Strait of Magellan
The Strait of Magellan, also called the Straits of Magellan, is a navigable sea route in southern Chile separating mainland South America to the north and Tierra del Fuego to the south.
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Strike action
Strike action, also called labor strike, labour strike, or simply strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work.
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Supermajority
A supermajority or supra-majority or a qualified majority, is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for majority.
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Tanquetazo
El Tanquetazo or El Tancazo (both Spanish for "tank putsch") of 29 June 1973 are the names used to refer to the failed coup attempt in Chile led by Lieutenant Colonel Roberto Souper against the government of Socialist president Salvador Allende.
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Tariff
A tariff is a tax on imports or exports between sovereign states.
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Tehuelche people
The Aónikenk people, better known by the exonym Tehuelche, are a group of indigenous peoples of Patagonia and the southern pampas regions of Argentina and Chile.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
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The Times
The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England.
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The Washington Post
The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.
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Tierra del Fuego
Tierra del Fuego (Spanish for "Land of Fire") is an archipelago off the southernmost tip of the South American mainland, across the Strait of Magellan.
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Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina
Tierra del Fuego (Spanish for "Land of Fire";; officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is an Argentine province.
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Timeline of Chilean history
This is a timeline of Chilean history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Chile and its predecessor states.
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Topa Inca Yupanqui
Topa Inca Yupanqui or Túpac Inca Yupanqui ('Tupaq Inka Yupanki'), translated as "noble Inca accountant," was the eleventh Sapa Inca (1471–93) of the Inca Empire, fifth of the Hanan dynasty, and tenth of the Inca civilization.
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Toqui
Toqui (Mapudungun for axe or axe-bearer) is a title conferred by the Mapuche (an indigenous Chilean people) on those chosen as leaders during times of war.
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Torture
Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.
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Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement
The Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPSEP) is a trade agreement between four Pacific Rim countries concerning a variety of matters of economic policy.
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Tsunami
A tsunami (from 津波, "harbour wave"; English pronunciation) or tidal wave, also known as a seismic sea wave, is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.
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Two-round system
The two-round system (also known as the second ballot, runoff voting or ballotage) is a voting method used to elect a single winner, where the voter casts a single vote for their chosen candidate.
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Unemployment
Unemployment is the situation of actively looking for employment but not being currently employed.
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Unitary state
A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate.
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United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), often referred to as the State Department, is the United States federal executive department that advises the President and represents the country in international affairs and foreign policy issues.
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United States intervention in Chile
Chile is a country in the southern South America.
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Universal jurisdiction
Universal jurisdiction allows states or international organizations to claim criminal jurisdiction over an accused person regardless of where the alleged crime was committed, and regardless of the accused's nationality, country of residence, or any other relation with the prosecuting entity.
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University of Chicago
The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private, non-profit research university in Chicago, Illinois.
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University of Santiago, Chile
The University of Santiago, Chile (Usach) (Universidad de Santiago de Chile) is one of the oldest public universities in Chile.
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Valdivia
Valdivia is a city and commune in southern Chile, administered by the Municipality of Valdivia.
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Valech Report
The Valech Report (officially The National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture Report) was a record of abuses committed in Chile between 1973 and 1990 by agents of Augusto Pinochet's military regime.
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Vasili Mitrokhin
Vasili Nikitich Mitrokhin (Васи́лий Ники́тич Митро́хин; March 3, 1922 – January 23, 2004) was a major and senior archivist for the Soviet Union's foreign intelligence service, the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, who defected to the United Kingdom in 1992 after providing the British embassy in Riga with a vast collection of KGB files, which became known as the Mitrokhin Archive.
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Viceroyalty of Peru
The Viceroyalty of Peru (Virreinato del Perú) was a Spanish colonial administrative district, created in 1542, that originally contained most of Spanish-ruled South America, governed from the capital of Lima.
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Vuskovic plan
The Vuskovic Plan was the basis for the economic policy of the Popular Unity (UP) government of Chilean President Salvador Allende.
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War of the Confederation
The War of the Confederation (Guerra de la Confederación) was a conflict between the Peru-Bolivian Confederation and a coalition of Argentina and the United Restorative Army, composed of Chile and North Peruvian dissidents, from 1836 to 1839.
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War of the Pacific
The War of the Pacific (Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Salpeter War (Guerra del Salitre) and by multiple other names (see the etymology section below) was a war between Chile on one side and a Bolivian-Peruvian alliance on the other.
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1851 Chilean Revolution
The Revolution of 1851 (or Civil War of 1851) was an attempt by Chilean liberals to overthrow the conservative government of president Manuel Montt and repeal the Chilean Constitution of 1833.
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1925 Chilean coup d'état
The Chilean coup d'état of 1925 took place on January 23, 1925, when the Chilean military overthrew the September Junta.
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1973 Chilean coup d'état
The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed moment in both the history of Chile and the Cold War.
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2010 Chile earthquake
The 2010 Chile earthquake (Terremoto del 27F) occurred off the coast of central Chile on Saturday, 27 February at 03:34 local time (06:34 UTC), having a magnitude of 8.8 on the moment magnitude scale, with intense shaking lasting for about three minutes.
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2010 Copiapó mining accident
The 2010 Copiapó mining accident, also known then as the "Chilean mining accident", began on Thursday, 5 August 2010 with a cave-in at the San José copper–gold mine, located in the Atacama Desert north of the regional capital of Copiapó, in northern Chile.
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2011–13 Chilean student protests
The 2011–2013 Chilean protests — known as the Chilean Winter (in particular reference to the massive protests of August 2011) or the Chilean Education Conflict (as labelled in Chilean media) — were a series of student-led protests across Chile, demanding a new framework for education in the country, including more direct state participation in secondary education and an end to the existence of profit in higher education.
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Redirects here:
Chile's history, Chile/History, Chilean history, History of chile, Republican Chile.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chile
