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Table of Contents

1. 547 relations: Absolute monarchy, Acclamatio, Aelia Flaccilla, Aerarium, Aerial survey, Africa (Roman province), Agrippa Postumus, Agrippina the Elder, Agrippina the Younger, Alans, Alavivus, Alemanni, Alexander the Great, Alps, Ambrose, Ammianus Marcellinus, Anastasian Wall, Anastasius I Dicorus, Anatolia, Ancient Greek literature, Ancient Greek philosophy, Ancient Rome, Annals, Anthemius, Antioch, Antiquities of the Jews, Antonia Minor, Antonine Wall, Antoninus Pius, Aquileia, Arbogast (magister militum), Arcadius, Arch of Titus, Ariadne (empress), Arianism, Arles, Arminius, Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, Assassination of Julius Caesar, Athaulf, Augusta Treverorum, Augustus, Augustus (title), Aurelian, Aureus, Autocracy, Auxilia, Avidius Cassius, Axidares of Armenia, Óc Eo, ... Expand index (497 more) » « Shrink index

2. Roman Empire

Absolute monarchy

Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign is the sole source of political power, unconstrained by constitutions, legislatures or other checks on their authority.

See History of the Roman Empire and Absolute monarchy

Acclamatio

In Ancient Roman and Byzantine tradition, acclamatio (Koiné ἀκτολογία aktologia) was the public expression of approbation or disapprobation, pleasure or displeasure, etc., by loud acclamations.

See History of the Roman Empire and Acclamatio

Aelia Flaccilla

Aelia Flavia Flaccilla (died 386) was a Roman empress and first wife of the Roman Emperor Theodosius I. She was of Hispanian Roman descent.

See History of the Roman Empire and Aelia Flaccilla

Aerarium

Aerarium, from aes ("bronze, money") + -ārium ("place for"), was the name given in Ancient Rome to the public treasury, and in a secondary sense to the public finances.

See History of the Roman Empire and Aerarium

Aerial survey

Aerial survey is a method of collecting geomatics or other imagery by using airplanes, helicopters, UAVs, balloons or other aerial methods.

See History of the Roman Empire and Aerial survey

Africa (Roman province)

Africa was a Roman province on the northern coast of the continent of Africa.

See History of the Roman Empire and Africa (Roman province)

Agrippa Postumus

Marcus Agrippa Postumus (12 BC – AD 14),: "The elder Agrippa died, in the summer of 12 BC, while Julia was pregnant with their fifth child.

See History of the Roman Empire and Agrippa Postumus

Agrippina the Elder

(Vipsania) Agrippina the Elder (also, in Latin, Agrippina Germanici, "Germanicus's Agrippina"; – AD 33) was a prominent member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.

See History of the Roman Empire and Agrippina the Elder

Agrippina the Younger

Julia Agrippina (6 November AD 15 – 23 March AD 59), also referred to as Agrippina the Younger, was Roman empress from AD 49 to 54, the fourth wife and niece of emperor Claudius, and the mother of Nero.

See History of the Roman Empire and Agrippina the Younger

Alans

The Alans (Latin: Alani) were an ancient and medieval Iranic nomadic pastoral people who migrated to what is today North Caucasus – while some continued on to Europe and later North-Africa.

See History of the Roman Empire and Alans

Alavivus

Alavivus (flourished in 4th century AD) was a Gothic co-king of a group of Thervingi together with Fritigern.

See History of the Roman Empire and Alavivus

Alemanni

The Alemanni or Alamanni were a confederation of Germanic tribes.

See History of the Roman Empire and Alemanni

Alexander the Great

Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

See History of the Roman Empire and Alexander the Great

Alps

The Alps are one of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Alps

Ambrose

Ambrose of Milan (Aurelius Ambrosius; 4 April 397), venerated as Saint Ambrose, was a theologian and statesman who served as Bishop of Milan from 374 to 397.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ambrose

Ammianus Marcellinus

Ammianus Marcellinus, occasionally anglicised as Ammian (Greek: Αμμιανός Μαρκελλίνος; born, died 400), was a Roman soldier and historian who wrote the penultimate major historical account surviving from antiquity (preceding Procopius).

See History of the Roman Empire and Ammianus Marcellinus

Anastasian Wall

The Anastasian Wall (Greek: Ἀναστάσειον Τεῖχος, Anastáseion Teîchos; Anastasius Suru) or the Long Walls of Thrace (Greek: Μακρὰ Τείχη τῆς Θράκης, Makrà Teíchē tês Thrákēs; Turkish: Uzun Duvar) or simply Long Wall / Macron Teichos (Μακρὸν τεῖχος) is an ancient stone and turf fortification located west of Istanbul, Turkey, built by the Eastern Roman Empire during the late 5th century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Anastasian Wall

Anastasius I Dicorus

Anastasius I Dicorus (Anastásios; – 9 July 518) was Eastern Roman emperor from 491 to 518.

See History of the Roman Empire and Anastasius I Dicorus

Anatolia

Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.

See History of the Roman Empire and Anatolia

Ancient Greek literature

Ancient Greek literature is literature written in the Ancient Greek language from the earliest texts until the time of the Byzantine Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ancient Greek literature

Ancient Greek philosophy

Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ancient Greek philosophy

Ancient Rome

In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ancient Rome

Annals

Annals (annāles, from annus, "year") are a concise historical record in which events are arranged chronologically, year by year, although the term is also used loosely for any historical record.

See History of the Roman Empire and Annals

Anthemius

Procopius Anthemius (died 11 July 472) was the Western Roman emperor from 467 to 472.

See History of the Roman Empire and Anthemius

Antioch

Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiokʽ; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; אנטיוכיה, Anṭiyokhya; أنطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.

See History of the Roman Empire and Antioch

Antiquities of the Jews

Antiquities of the Jews (Antiquitates Iudaicae; Ἰουδαϊκὴ ἀρχαιολογία, Ioudaikē archaiologia) is a 20-volume historiographical work, written in Greek, by historian Josephus in the 13th year of the reign of Roman emperor Domitian, which was 94 CE.

See History of the Roman Empire and Antiquities of the Jews

Antonia Minor

Antonia Minor (31 January 36 BC – 1 May 37 AD) was the younger of two surviving daughters of Mark Antony and Octavia Minor.

See History of the Roman Empire and Antonia Minor

Antonine Wall

The Antonine Wall (Vallum Antonini) was a turf fortification on stone foundations, built by the Romans across what is now the Central Belt of Scotland, between the Firth of Clyde and the Firth of Forth.

See History of the Roman Empire and Antonine Wall

Antoninus Pius

Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius (19 September AD 86 – 7 March 161) was Roman emperor from AD 138 to 161.

See History of the Roman Empire and Antoninus Pius

Aquileia

Aquileia is an ancient Roman city in Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about from the sea, on the river Natiso (modern Natisone), the course of which has changed somewhat since Roman times.

See History of the Roman Empire and Aquileia

Arbogast (magister militum)

Arbogast or Arbogastes (died 8 September 394) was a Roman army officer of Frankish origin.

See History of the Roman Empire and Arbogast (magister militum)

Arcadius

Arcadius (Ἀρκάδιος; 377 – 1 May 408) was Roman emperor from 383 to his death in 408.

See History of the Roman Empire and Arcadius

Arch of Titus

The Arch of Titus (Arco di Tito; Arcus Titi) is a 1st-century CE honorific arch, located on the Via Sacra, Rome, just to the south-east of the Roman Forum.

See History of the Roman Empire and Arch of Titus

Ariadne (empress)

Aelia Ariadne (Ἀριάδνη) (– 515) was Eastern Roman empress as the wife of Zeno and Anastasius I. She is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with her feast day falling on August 22.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ariadne (empress)

Arianism

Arianism (Ἀρειανισμός) is a Christological doctrine considered heretical by all modern mainstream branches of Christianity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Arianism

Arles

Arles (Arle; Classical Arelate) is a coastal city and commune in the South of France, a subprefecture in the Bouches-du-Rhône department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, in the former province of Provence.

See History of the Roman Empire and Arles

Arminius

Arminius (18/17 BC–AD 21) was a chieftain of the Germanic Cherusci tribe who is best known for commanding an alliance of Germanic tribes at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in AD 9, in which three Roman legions under the command of general and governor Publius Quinctilius Varus were destroyed.

See History of the Roman Empire and Arminius

Arsacid dynasty of Armenia

The Arsacid dynasty, called the Arshakuni (Aršakuni) in Armenian, ruled the Kingdom of Armenia, with some interruptions, from 12 to 428.

See History of the Roman Empire and Arsacid dynasty of Armenia

Assassination of Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar was assassinated by a group of senators on the Ides of March (15 March) of 44 BC during a meeting of the Senate at the Curia of Pompey of the Theatre of Pompey in Rome where the senators stabbed Caesar 23 times.

See History of the Roman Empire and Assassination of Julius Caesar

Athaulf

Athaulf (also Athavulf, Atawulf, or Ataulf and Adolf, Latinized as Ataulphus) (37015 August 415) was king of the Visigoths from 411 to 415. During his reign, he transformed the Visigothic state from a tribal kingdom to a major political power of late antiquity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Athaulf

Augusta Treverorum

Augusta Treverorum (Latin for "City of Augustus in the Land of the Treveri") was a Roman city on the Moselle River, from which modern Trier emerged.

See History of the Roman Empire and Augusta Treverorum

Augustus

Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (Octavianus), was the founder of the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Augustus

Augustus (title)

Augustus (plural Augusti;,; "majestic", "great" or "venerable") was the main title of the Roman emperors during Antiquity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Augustus (title)

Aurelian

Aurelian (Lucius Domitius Aurelianus; 9 September 214 – November 275) was a Roman emperor who reigned from 270 to 275 during the Crisis of the Third Century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Aurelian

Aureus

The aureus (aurei, 'golden', used as a noun) was a gold coin of ancient Rome originally valued at 25 pure silver denarii (sin. denarius).

See History of the Roman Empire and Aureus

Autocracy

Autocracy is a system of government in which absolute power is held by the ruler, known as an autocrat.

See History of the Roman Empire and Autocracy

Auxilia

The auxilia were introduced as non-citizen troops attached to the citizen legions by Augustus after his reorganisation of the Imperial Roman army from 27 BC.

See History of the Roman Empire and Auxilia

Avidius Cassius

Gaius Avidius Cassius (130 – July 175 AD) was a Syrian Roman general and usurper.

See History of the Roman Empire and Avidius Cassius

Axidares of Armenia

Axidares or Ashkhadar also known as Exedares or Exedates (flourished second half of the 1st century & first half of the 2nd century, died 113) was a Parthian prince who served as a Roman client king of Armenia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Axidares of Armenia

Óc Eo

Óc Eo (Vietnamese) is an archaeological site in modern-day Óc Eo commune of Thoại Sơn District in An Giang Province of southern Vietnam.

See History of the Roman Empire and Óc Eo

İznik

İznik is a municipality and district of Bursa Province, Turkey.

See History of the Roman Empire and İznik

Babylon

Babylon was an ancient city located on the lower Euphrates river in southern Mesopotamia, within modern-day Hillah, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 miles) south of modern day Baghdad.

See History of the Roman Empire and Babylon

Baetyl

A baetyl (also betyl), literally "house of God" is a sacred stone (sometimes believed to be a meteorite) that was venerated and thought to house a God or deity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Baetyl

Balkans

The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.

See History of the Roman Empire and Balkans

Baptism

Baptism (from immersion, dipping in water) is a Christian sacrament of initiation almost invariably with the use of water.

See History of the Roman Empire and Baptism

Bar Kokhba revolt

The Bar Kokhba revolt (מֶרֶד בַּר כּוֹכְבָא) was a large-scale armed rebellion initiated by the Jews of Judea, led by Simon bar Kokhba, against the Roman Empire in 132 CE.

See History of the Roman Empire and Bar Kokhba revolt

Barbarian

A barbarian is a person or tribe of people that is perceived to be primitive, savage and warlike.

See History of the Roman Empire and Barbarian

Basil II

Basil II Porphyrogenitus (Βασίλειος Πορφυρογέννητος; 958 – 15 December 1025), nicknamed the Bulgar Slayer (ὁ Βουλγαροκτόνος), was the senior Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025.

See History of the Roman Empire and Basil II

Basiliscus

Basiliscus (Basilískos; died 476/477) was Eastern Roman emperor from 9 January 475 to August 476.

See History of the Roman Empire and Basiliscus

Baths of Caracalla

The Baths of Caracalla (Terme di Caracalla) in Rome, Italy, were the city's second largest Roman public baths, or thermae, after the Baths of Diocletian.

See History of the Roman Empire and Baths of Caracalla

Battle of Actium

The Battle of Actium was a naval battle fought between Octavian's maritime fleet, led by Marcus Agrippa, and the combined fleets of both Mark Antony and Cleopatra.

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of Actium

Battle of Adrianople

The Battle of Adrianople (9 August 378), sometimes known as the Battle of Hadrianopolis, was fought between an Eastern Roman army led by the Eastern Roman Emperor Valens and Gothic rebels (largely Thervings as well as Greutungs, non-Gothic Alans, and various local rebels) led by Fritigern.

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of Adrianople

Battle of Lugdunum

The Battle of Lugdunum, also called the Battle of Lyon, was fought on 19 February 197 at Lugdunum (modern Lyon, France), between the armies of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus and of the Roman usurper Clodius Albinus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of Lugdunum

Battle of Naissus

The Battle of Naissus (268 or 269 AD) was the defeat of a Gothic coalition by the Roman Empire under Emperor Gallienus (or Emperor Claudius II Gothicus) and the future Emperor Aurelian near Naissus (Niš).

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of Naissus

Battle of Philippi

The Battle of Philippi was the final battle in the Liberators' civil war between the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (of the Second Triumvirate) and the leaders of Julius Caesar's assassination, Brutus and Cassius, in 42 BC, at Philippi in Macedonia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of Philippi

Battle of Strasbourg

The Battle of Strasbourg, also known as the Battle of Argentoratum, was fought in 357 between the Western Roman army under the Caesar (deputy emperor) Julian and the Alamanni tribal confederation led by the joint paramount King Chnodomar.

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of Strasbourg

Battle of the Frigidus

The Battle of the Frigidus, also called the Battle of the Frigid River, was fought on 5 and 6 September 394 between the armies of the Roman emperor Theodosius the Great and the rebel augustus Eugenius, in the eastern border of Roman Italy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of the Frigidus

Battle of the Teutoburg Forest

The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, described as the Varus Disaster or Varian Disaster (Clades Variana) by Roman historians, was a major battle between Germanic tribes and the Roman Empire that took place somewhere near modern Kalkriese from September 8–11, 9 AD, when an alliance of Germanic peoples ambushed three Roman legions led by Publius Quinctilius Varus and their auxiliaries.

See History of the Roman Empire and Battle of the Teutoburg Forest

Bellum Batonianum

The Bellum Batonianum (Latin for 'War of the Batos') was a military conflict fought in the Roman province of Illyricum in the 1st century AD, in which an alliance of native peoples of the two regions of Illyricum, Dalmatia and Pannonia, revolted against the Romans.

See History of the Roman Empire and Bellum Batonianum

Bishop

A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution.

See History of the Roman Empire and Bishop

Bithynia

Bithynia (Bithynía) was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor (present-day Turkey), adjoining the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea.

See History of the Roman Empire and Bithynia

Boudica

Boudica or Boudicca (from Brythonic *boudi 'victory, win' + *-kā 'having' suffix, i.e. 'Victorious Woman', known in Latin chronicles as Boadicea or Boudicea, and in Welsh as italics) was a queen of the ancient British Iceni tribe, who led a failed uprising against the conquering forces of the Roman Empire in AD 60 or 61.

See History of the Roman Empire and Boudica

Bribery

Bribery is the offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of any item of value to influence the actions of an official, or other person, in charge of a public or legal duty and to incline the individual to act contrary to their duty and the known rules of honesty and integrity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Bribery

Brigantes

The Brigantes were Ancient Britons who in pre-Roman times controlled the largest section of what would become Northern England.

See History of the Roman Empire and Brigantes

Britannia

Britannia is the national personification of Britain as a helmeted female warrior holding a trident and shield.

See History of the Roman Empire and Britannia

British Iron Age

The British Iron Age is a conventional name used in the archaeology of Great Britain, referring to the prehistoric and protohistoric phases of the Iron Age culture of the main island and the smaller islands, typically excluding prehistoric Ireland, which had an independent Iron Age culture of its own.

See History of the Roman Empire and British Iron Age

Bureaucracy

Bureaucracy is a system of organization where decisions are made by a body of non-elected officials.

See History of the Roman Empire and Bureaucracy

Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. History of the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire are roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire

Byzantine senate

The Byzantine senate or Eastern Roman senate (Σύγκλητος,, or Γερουσία) was a continuation of the Roman Senate, established in the 4th century by Constantine I. It survived for centuries, but the senate's powers varied greatly during its history and gradually diminished until its eventual disappearance in the 14th century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Byzantine senate

Caesar (title)

Caesar (English Caesars; Latin Caesares; in Greek: Καῖσαρ Kaîsar) is a title of imperial character.

See History of the Roman Empire and Caesar (title)

Caligula

Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August 12 – 24 January 41), better known by his nickname Caligula, was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41.

See History of the Roman Empire and Caligula

Capitoline Hill

The Capitolium or Capitoline Hill (Campidoglio; Mons Capitolinus), between the Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the Seven Hills of Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Capitoline Hill

Capri

Capri (adjective Caprese) is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula, on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Capri

Caracalla

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Lucius Septimius Bassianus, 4 April 188 – 8 April 217), better known by his nickname Caracalla, was Roman emperor from 198 to 217 AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Caracalla

Carinus

Marcus Aurelius Carinus (died 285) was Roman Emperor from 283 to 285.

See History of the Roman Empire and Carinus

Carpi (people)

The Carpi or Carpiani were a tribe that resided in the eastern parts of modern Romania in the historical region of Moldavia from no later than c. AD 140 and until at least AD 318.

See History of the Roman Empire and Carpi (people)

Casperius Aelianus

Casperius Aelianus served as Praetorian Prefect under the emperors Domitian and Nerva.

See History of the Roman Empire and Casperius Aelianus

Cassius Chaerea

Cassius Chaerea was a Roman soldier and officer who served as a tribune in the army of Germanicus and in the Praetorian Guard under the emperor Caligula, whom he eventually assassinated in AD 41.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cassius Chaerea

Cassius Dio

Lucius Cassius Dio, also known as Dio Cassius (Δίων Κάσσιος), was a Roman historian and senator of maternal Greek origin.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cassius Dio

Castra Praetoria

Castra Praetoria were the ancient barracks (castra) of the Praetorian Guard of Imperial Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Castra Praetoria

Cattigara

Cattigara is the name of a major port city located on the Magnus Sinus described by various antiquity sources.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cattigara

Centurion

In the Roman army during classical antiquity, a centurion (centurio,. label; kentyríōn, or), was a commander, nominally of a century, a military unit originally consisting of 100 legionaries.

See History of the Roman Empire and Centurion

Chinese language

Chinese is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in China.

See History of the Roman Empire and Chinese language

Christian Church

In ecclesiology, the Christian Church is what different Christian denominations conceive of as being the true body of Christians or the original institution established by Jesus Christ.

See History of the Roman Empire and Christian Church

Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

See History of the Roman Empire and Christianity

Christianity as the Roman state religion

In the year before the Council of Constantinople in 381, the Trinitarian version of Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire when Emperor Theodosius I issued the Edict of Thessalonica in 380, which recognized the catholic orthodoxy of Nicene Christians as the Roman Empire's state religion.

See History of the Roman Empire and Christianity as the Roman state religion

Christians

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

See History of the Roman Empire and Christians

Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cicero

Cilicia

Cilicia is a geographical region in southern Anatolia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cilicia

Civil wars of the Tetrarchy

The civil wars of the Tetrarchy were a series of conflicts between the co-emperors of the Roman Empire, starting from 306 AD with the usurpation of Maxentius and the defeat of Severus to the defeat of Licinius at the hands of Constantine I in 324 AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Civil wars of the Tetrarchy

Classical antiquity

Classical antiquity, also known as the classical era, classical period, classical age, or simply antiquity, is the period of cultural European history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD comprising the interwoven civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome known together as the Greco-Roman world, centered on the Mediterranean Basin.

See History of the Roman Empire and Classical antiquity

Claudia gens

The gens Claudia, sometimes written Clodia, was one of the most prominent patrician houses at ancient Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Claudia gens

Claudius

Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (1 August – 13 October) was a Roman emperor, ruling from to 54.

See History of the Roman Empire and Claudius

Claudius Gothicus

Marcus Aurelius Claudius "Gothicus" (10 May 214 – August/September 270), also known as Claudius II, was Roman emperor from 268 to 270.

See History of the Roman Empire and Claudius Gothicus

Cleopatra

Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator (Κλεοπάτρα Θεά ΦιλοπάτωρThe name Cleopatra is pronounced, or sometimes in British English, see, the same as in American English.. Her name was pronounced in the Greek dialect of Egypt (see Koine Greek phonology);Also "Thea Neotera", lit.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cleopatra

Clifford Ando

Clifford Ando (born 1969) is an American classicist who specializes in Roman law and religion.

See History of the Roman Empire and Clifford Ando

Clodius Albinus

Decimus Clodius Albinus (150 – 19 February 197) was a Roman imperial pretender between 193 and 197.

See History of the Roman Empire and Clodius Albinus

Cohort (military unit)

A cohort (from the Latin cohors,: cohortes; see wikt:cohors for full inflection table) was a standard tactical military unit of a Roman legion.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cohort (military unit)

Collective noun

In linguistics, a collective noun is a word referring to a collection of things taken as a whole.

See History of the Roman Empire and Collective noun

Colosseum

The Colosseum (Colosseo) is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum.

See History of the Roman Empire and Colosseum

Column of Marcus Aurelius

The Column of Marcus Aurelius (Columna Centenaria Divorum Marci et Faustinae, Colonna di Marco Aurelio) is a Roman victory column in Piazza Colonna, Rome, Italy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Column of Marcus Aurelius

Commodus

Commodus (31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was a Roman emperor who ruled from 177 until his assassination in 192.

See History of the Roman Empire and Commodus

Constans

Flavius Julius Constans (323 – 350), also called Constans I, was Roman emperor from 337 to 350.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constans

Constantine II (emperor)

Constantine II (Flavius Claudius Constantinus; 316 – 340) was Roman emperor from 337 to 340.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantine II (emperor)

Constantine the Great

Constantine I (27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was a Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337 and the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantine the Great

Constantine the Great and Christianity

During the reign of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great (306–337 AD), Christianity began to transition to the dominant religion of the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantine the Great and Christianity

Constantine VI

Constantine VI (Κωνσταντῖνος; Constantinus, 14 January 771 – before 805), sometimes called the Blind, was Byzantine emperor from 780 to 797.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantine VI

Constantine XI Palaiologos

Constantine XI Dragases Palaiologos or Dragaš Palaeologus (Κωνσταντῖνος Δραγάσης Παλαιολόγος,; 8 February 140429 May 1453) was the last Roman/Byzantine emperor, reigning from 1449 until his death in battle at the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantine XI Palaiologos

Constantinian dynasty

The Constantinian dynasty is an informal name for the ruling family of the Roman Empire from Constantius Chlorus (died 306) to the death of Julian in 363.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantinian dynasty

Constantinople

Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantinople

Constantius Chlorus

Flavius Valerius Constantius (– 25 July 306), also called Constantius I, was a Roman emperor from 305 to 306.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantius Chlorus

Constantius Gallus

Flavius Claudius Constantius Gallus (326 – 354) was a statesman and ruler in the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire from 351 to 354, as ''Caesar'' under emperor Constantius II, his cousin.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantius Gallus

Constantius II

Constantius II (Flavius Julius Constantius; Kōnstántios; 7 August 317 – 3 November 361) was Roman emperor from 337 to 361.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantius II

Constantius III

Constantius III (died 2 September 421) was briefly Western Roman emperor in 421, having earned the throne through his capability as a general under Honorius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constantius III

Constitutio Antoniniana

The Constitutio Antoniniana (Latin for "Constitution of Antoninus"), also called the Edict of Caracalla or the Antonine Constitution, was an edict issued in AD 212 by the Roman emperor Caracalla.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constitutio Antoniniana

Constitutional reforms of Augustus

The constitutional reforms of Augustus were a series of laws that were enacted by the Roman Emperor Augustus between 30 BC and 2 BC, which transformed the Constitution of the Roman Republic into the Constitution of the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Constitutional reforms of Augustus

Count Theodosius

Count Theodosius (Theodosius comes; died 376), Flavius Theodosius or Theodosius the Elder (Theodosius major), was a senior military officer serving Valentinian I and the Western Roman Empire during Late Antiquity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Count Theodosius

Crisis of the Third Century

The Crisis of the Third Century, also known as the Military Anarchy or the Imperial Crisis (235–285), was a period in Roman history during which the Roman Empire had nearly collapsed under the combined pressure of repeated foreign invasions, civil wars and economic disintegration.

See History of the Roman Empire and Crisis of the Third Century

Crispus

Flavius Julius Crispus (300 – 326) was the eldest son of the Roman emperor Constantine I, as well as his junior colleague (''caesar'') from March 317 until his execution by his father in 326.

See History of the Roman Empire and Crispus

Ctesiphon

Ctesiphon (𐭲𐭩𐭮𐭯𐭥𐭭, Tyspwn or Tysfwn; تیسفون; Κτησιφῶν,; ܩܛܝܣܦܘܢThomas A. Carlson et al., “Ctesiphon — ܩܛܝܣܦܘܢ ” in The Syriac Gazetteer last modified July 28, 2014, http://syriaca.org/place/58.) was an ancient Mesopotamian city, located on the eastern bank of the Tigris, and about southeast of present-day Baghdad.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ctesiphon

Cuckold

A cuckold is the husband of an adulterous wife; the wife of an adulterous husband is a cuckquean.

See History of the Roman Empire and Cuckold

Cura annonae

In Imperial Rome, Cura Annonae ("care of Annona") was the import and distribution of grain to the residents of the cities of Rome and, after its foundation, Constantinople.

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Dacia

Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black Sea in the east, and the Tisza in the west.

See History of the Roman Empire and Dacia

Dacians

The Dacians (Daci; loc Δάοι, Δάκαι) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea.

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Dalmatia (Roman province)

Dalmatia was a Roman province.

See History of the Roman Empire and Dalmatia (Roman province)

Dalmatius

Flavius Dalmatius (died June 337), often spelled Delmatius on contemporary coins, was a ''caesar'' of the Roman Empire from 335 to 337, and member of the Constantinian dynasty.

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Danube

The Danube (see also other names) is the second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia.

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Daqin

Daqin (alternative transliterations include Tachin, Tai-Ch'in) is the ancient Chinese name for the Roman Empire or, depending on context, the Near East, especially Syria.

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De facto

De facto describes practices that exist in reality, regardless of whether they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms.

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De jure

In law and government, de jure describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality.

See History of the Roman Empire and De jure

Decebalus

Decebalus (Decebal; Dekebalos), sometimes referred to as Diurpaneus, was the last Dacian king.

See History of the Roman Empire and Decebalus

Denarius

The denarius (dēnāriī) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Denarius

Deposition of Romulus Augustus

Odoacer's deposition of Romulus Augustus, occurring in 476 AD, was a coup that marked the end of the reign of the Western Roman Emperor last approved by the Western Roman Senate and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy, although Julius Nepos exercised control over Dalmatia until 480.

See History of the Roman Empire and Deposition of Romulus Augustus

Diadumenian

Diadumenian (Marcus Opellius Antoninus Diadumenianus; 14September 208 – June 218) was the son of the Roman emperor Macrinus and served as his co-ruler for a brief time in 218.

See History of the Roman Empire and Diadumenian

Didius Julianus

Marcus Didius Julianus (29 January 133 – 2 June 193) was Roman emperor from March to June 193, during the Year of the Five Emperors.

See History of the Roman Empire and Didius Julianus

Diocletian

Diocletian (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, Diokletianós; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305.

See History of the Roman Empire and Diocletian

Diocletian's Palace

Diocletian's Palace (Dioklecijanova palača,, Latin: Palatium Diocletiani) was built at the end of the third century AD as a residence for the Roman emperor Diocletian, and today forms about half of the old town of Split, Croatia.

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Diocletianic Persecution

The Diocletianic or Great Persecution was the last and most severe persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Diocletianic Persecution

Diplomatic mission

A diplomatic mission or foreign mission is a group of people from a state or organization present in another state to represent the sending state or organization officially in the receiving or host state.

See History of the Roman Empire and Diplomatic mission

Domitia Longina

Domitia Longina (50–55 – 126–130s AD) was a Roman empress and wife to the Roman emperor Domitian.

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Domitian

Domitian (Domitianus; 24 October 51 – 18 September 96) was Roman emperor from 81 to 96.

See History of the Roman Empire and Domitian

Domitian's Dacian War

Domitian's Dacian War was a conflict between the Roman Empire and the Dacian Kingdom, which had invaded the province of Moesia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Domitian's Dacian War

Domus Aurea

The Domus Aurea (Latin, "Golden House") was a vast landscaped complex built by the Emperor Nero largely on the Oppian Hill in the heart of ancient Rome after the great fire in 64 AD had destroyed a large part of the city.

See History of the Roman Empire and Domus Aurea

Dynasty

A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family,Oxford English Dictionary, "dynasty, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897.

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Early Christianity

Early Christianity, otherwise called the Early Church or Paleo-Christianity, describes the historical era of the Christian religion up to the First Council of Nicaea in 325.

See History of the Roman Empire and Early Christianity

Eboracum

Eboracum was a fort and later a city in the Roman province of Britannia.

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Edict

An edict is a decree or announcement of a law, often associated with monarchies, but it can be under any official authority.

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Edict of Milan

The Edict of Milan (Edictum Mediolanense; Διάταγμα τῶν Μεδιολάνων, Diatagma tōn Mediolanōn) was the February 313 AD agreement to treat Christians benevolently within the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Edict of Milan

Edict of Serdica

The Edict of Serdica, also called Edict of Toleration by Galerius, was issued in 311 in Serdica (now Sofia, Bulgaria) by Roman Emperor Galerius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Edict of Serdica

Edict on Maximum Prices

The Edict on Maximum Prices (Latin: Edictum de Pretiis Rerum Venalium, "Edict Concerning the Sale Price of Goods"; also known as the Edict on Prices or the Edict of Diocletian) was issued in 301 AD by Diocletian.

See History of the Roman Empire and Edict on Maximum Prices

Edirne

Edirne, historically known as Adrianople (Adrianoúpolis), is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace.

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Edward Gibbon

Edward Gibbon (8 May 173716 January 1794) was an English essayist, historian, and politician.

See History of the Roman Empire and Edward Gibbon

Elagabalus

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Sextus Varius Avitus Bassianus, 204 – 13 March 222), better known by his posthumous nicknames Elagabalus and Heliogabalus, was Roman emperor from 218 to 222, while he was still a teenager.

See History of the Roman Empire and Elagabalus

Elagabalus (deity)

Elagabalus, Aelagabalus, Heliogabalus, or simply Elagabal (Aramaic: 𐡁𐡋𐡄𐡂𐡀𐡋 ʾĕlāhgabāl or 𐡁𐡋𐡄𐡀𐡂𐡀𐡋 ʾĕlāhaʾgabāl; Arabic: إله الجبل Ilah al-Jabal, both literally meaning "God of the Mountain") was an Arab-Roman sun god, initially venerated in Emesa (modern-day Homs), Syria.

See History of the Roman Empire and Elagabalus (deity)

Elbe

The Elbe (Labe; Ilv or Elv; Upper and Łobjo) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe.

See History of the Roman Empire and Elbe

Emperor Huan of Han

Emperor Huan of Han (132 – 25 January 168) was the 27th emperor of the Han dynasty after he was enthroned by the Empress Dowager and her brother Liang Ji on 1 August 146.

See History of the Roman Empire and Emperor Huan of Han

Empire of Trebizond

The Empire of Trebizond or the Trapezuntine Empire was a successor state of the Byzantine Empire that existed during the 13th through to the 15th century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Empire of Trebizond

Encephalitis

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain.

See History of the Roman Empire and Encephalitis

Epigraphy

Epigraphy is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers.

See History of the Roman Empire and Epigraphy

Epitome

An epitome (ἐπιτομή, from ἐπιτέμνειν epitemnein meaning "to cut short") is a summary or miniature form, or an instance that represents a larger reality, also used as a synonym for embodiment.

See History of the Roman Empire and Epitome

Equites

The equites (though sometimes referred to as "knights" in English) constituted the second of the property-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class.

See History of the Roman Empire and Equites

Eugenius

Eugenius (died 6 September 394) was a Western Roman emperor from 392 to 394, unrecognized by the Eastern Roman emperor Theodosius I. While Christian himself, Eugenius capitalized on the discontent in the West caused by Theodosius' religious policies targeting pagans.

See History of the Roman Empire and Eugenius

Euphrates

The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.

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Eutropia

Eutropia (Greek: Εύτροπία; died after 325) was a Roman empress of Syrian origin, the wife of Emperor Maximian.

See History of the Roman Empire and Eutropia

Fall of Constantinople

The fall of Constantinople, also known as the conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Fall of Constantinople

Fall of the Western Roman Empire

The fall of the Western Roman Empire, also called the fall of the Roman Empire or the fall of Rome, was the loss of central political control in the Western Roman Empire, a process in which the Empire failed to enforce its rule, and its vast territory was divided between several successor polities.

See History of the Roman Empire and Fall of the Western Roman Empire

Fasti (poem)

The Fasti (Fāstī, "the Calendar"), sometimes translated as The Book of Days or On the Roman Calendar, is a six-book Latin poem written by the Roman poet Ovid and published in AD 8.

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Fausta

Flavia Maxima Fausta Augusta (died 326 AD) was a Roman empress.

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Ferdinand von Richthofen

Ferdinand Freiherr von Richthofen (5 May 18336 October 1905), better known in English as was a German traveller, geographer, and scientist.

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Figurehead

In politics, a figurehead is a practice of who de jure (in name or by law) appears to hold an important and often supremely powerful title or office, yet de facto (in reality) exercises little to no actual power.

See History of the Roman Empire and Figurehead

First Jewish–Roman War

The First Jewish–Roman War (66–74 CE), sometimes called the Great Jewish Revolt (ha-Mered Ha-Gadol), or The Jewish War, was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews against the Roman Empire fought in the province of Judaea, resulting in the destruction of Jewish towns, the displacement of its people and the appropriation of land for Roman military use, as well as the destruction of the Jewish Temple and polity.

See History of the Roman Empire and First Jewish–Roman War

Firth of Clyde

The Firth of Clyde is the estuary of the River Clyde, on the west coast of Scotland.

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Firth of Forth

The Firth of Forth is the estuary, or firth, of several Scottish rivers including the River Forth.

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Fiscus

Fiscus (Latin for "basket") was the treasury of the Roman Empire.

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Flavian dynasty

The Flavian dynasty, lasting from AD 69 to 96, was the second dynastic line of emperors to rule the Roman Empire following the Julio-Claudians, encompassing the reigns of Vespasian and his two sons, Titus and Domitian.

See History of the Roman Empire and Flavian dynasty

Flavius Aetius

Flavius Aetius (also spelled Aëtius;; 390 – 454) was a Roman general and statesman of the closing period of the Western Roman Empire.

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Foederati

Foederati (singular: foederatus) were peoples and cities bound by a treaty, known as foedus, with Rome.

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Fourth Crusade

The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III.

See History of the Roman Empire and Fourth Crusade

Franks

Aristocratic Frankish burial items from the Merovingian dynasty The Franks (Franci or gens Francorum;; Francs.) were a western European people during the Roman Empire and Middle Ages.

See History of the Roman Empire and Franks

Fritigern

Fritigern (fl. 370s) was a Thervingian Gothic chieftain whose decisive victory at Adrianople during the Gothic War (376–382) led to favourable terms for the Goths when peace was made with Gratian and Theodosius I in 382.

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Funan

Funan (Hvunân,; Phù Nam, Chữ Hán: 夫南) was the name given by Chinese cartographers, geographers and writers to an ancient Indianized state—or, rather a loose network of states (Mandala)—located in mainland Southeast Asia covering parts of present-day Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam that existed from the first to sixth century CE.

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Gaius Caesar

Gaius Caesar (20 BC – 21 February 4 AD) was a grandson and heir to the throne of Roman emperor Augustus, alongside his younger brother Lucius Caesar.

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Gaius Fulvius Plautianus

Gaius or Lucius Fulvius Plautianus (c. 150 – 22 January 205) was a member of the Roman ''gens'' Fulvia.

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Galba

Galba (born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was Roman emperor, ruling from AD 68 to 69.

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Galerius

Galerius Valerius Maximianus (Greek: Γαλέριος; 258 – May 311) was Roman emperor from 305 to 311.

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Galla Placidia

Galla Placidia (392/93 – 27 November 450), daughter of the Roman emperor Theodosius I, was a mother, tutor, and advisor to emperor Valentinian III.

See History of the Roman Empire and Galla Placidia

Gallic Empire

The Gallic Empire or the Gallic Roman Empire are names used in modern historiography for a breakaway part of the Roman Empire that functioned de facto as a separate state from 260 to 274.

See History of the Roman Empire and Gallic Empire

Gaul

Gaul (Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first clearly described by the Romans, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy.

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Gauls

The Gauls (Galli; Γαλάται, Galátai) were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD).

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Gens

In ancient Rome, a gens (or,;: gentes) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same ''nomen gentilicium'' and who claimed descent from a common ancestor.

See History of the Roman Empire and Gens

Geography (Ptolemy)

The Geography (Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις,, "Geographical Guidance"), also known by its Latin names as the Geographia and the Cosmographia, is a gazetteer, an atlas, and a treatise on cartography, compiling the geographical knowledge of the 2nd-century Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Geography (Ptolemy)

Germania

Germania, also called Magna Germania (English: Great Germania), Germania Libera (English: Free Germania), or Germanic Barbaricum to distinguish it from the Roman province of the same name, was a historical region in north-central Europe during the Roman era, which was associated by Roman authors with the Germanic people.

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Germania Superior

Germania Superior ("Upper Germania") was an imperial province of the Roman Empire.

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Germanic kingship

Germanic kingship is a thesis regarding the role of kings among the pre-Christianized Germanic tribes of the Migration period (c. 300–700 AD) and Early Middle Ages (c. 700–1000 AD).

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Germanic peoples

The Germanic peoples were tribal groups who once occupied Northwestern and Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages.

See History of the Roman Empire and Germanic peoples

Germanicus

Germanicus Julius Caesar (24 May 15 BC – 10 October AD 19) was an ancient Roman general and politician most famously known for his campaigns in Germania.

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Geta (emperor)

Publius Septimius Geta (7 March 189 – 26 December 211) was Roman emperor with his father Septimius Severus and older brother Caracalla from 209 to 211.

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Gladiator

A gladiator (gladiator, "swordsman", from gladius, "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals.

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Golden Chersonese

The Golden Chersonese or Golden Khersonese (Χρυσῆ Χερσόνησος, Chrysḗ Chersónēsos; Chersonesus Aurea), meaning the Golden Peninsula, was the name used for the Malay Peninsula by Greek and Roman geographers in classical antiquity, most famously in Claudius Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography.

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Goths

The Goths (translit; Gothi, Gótthoi) were Germanic people who played a major role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of medieval Europe.

See History of the Roman Empire and Goths

Gratian

Gratian (Gratianus; 18 April 359 – 25 August 383) was emperor of the Western Roman Empire from 367 to 383.

See History of the Roman Empire and Gratian

Great Fire of Rome

The Great Fire of Rome (incendium magnum Romae) began on the 18th of July 64 AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Great Fire of Rome

Greek East and Latin West

Greek East and Latin West are terms used to distinguish between the two parts of the Greco-Roman world and of medieval Christendom, specifically the eastern regions where Greek was the lingua franca (Greece, Anatolia, the southern Balkans, the Levant, and Egypt) and the western parts where Latin filled this role (Italy, Gaul, Hispania, North Africa, the northern Balkans, territories in Central Europe, and the British Isles). History of the Roman Empire and Greek East and Latin West are roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Greek East and Latin West

Greek language

Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.

See History of the Roman Empire and Greek language

Guangzhou

Guangzhou, previously romanized as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China.

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Hadrian

Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus; 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138.

See History of the Roman Empire and Hadrian

Hadrian's Wall

Hadrian's Wall (Vallum Hadriani, also known as the Roman Wall, Picts' Wall, or Vallum Aelium in Latin) is a former defensive fortification of the Roman province of Britannia, begun in AD 122 in the reign of the Emperor Hadrian.

See History of the Roman Empire and Hadrian's Wall

Han dynasty

The Han dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu.

See History of the Roman Empire and Han dynasty

Hannibalianus

Flavius Hannibalianus (also Hanniballianus; died September 337) was a member of the Constantinian dynasty, which ruled over the Roman Empire in the 4th century AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Hannibalianus

Hanoi

Hanoi (Hà Nội) is the capital and second-most populous city of Vietnam.

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Harran

Harran is a municipality and district of Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey.

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Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

See History of the Roman Empire and Harvard University Press

Hellenistic religion

The concept of Hellenistic religion as the late form of Ancient Greek religion covers any of the various systems of beliefs and practices of the people who lived under the influence of ancient Greek culture during the Hellenistic period and the Roman Empire (300 BCE to 300 CE).

See History of the Roman Empire and Hellenistic religion

Heraclius

Heraclius (Hērákleios; – 11 February 641) was Byzantine emperor from 610 to 641.

See History of the Roman Empire and Heraclius

Heresy

Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, particularly the accepted beliefs or religious law of a religious organization.

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Herod Agrippa

Herod Agrippa (Roman name Marcus Julius Agrippa), also known as Herod II or Agrippa I, was the last Jewish king of Judea.

See History of the Roman Empire and Herod Agrippa

Herodian

Herodian or Herodianus (Ἡρωδιανός) of Syria, sometimes referred to as "Herodian of Antioch" (c. 170 – c. 240), was a minor Roman civil servant who wrote a colourful history in Greek titled History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus (τῆς μετὰ Μάρκον βασιλείας ἱστορία) in eight books covering the years 180 to 238.

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Heruli

The Heruli (or Herules) were an early Germanic people.

See History of the Roman Empire and Heruli

Hispania

Hispania (Hispanía; Hispānia) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula.

See History of the Roman Empire and Hispania

Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire

The causes and mechanisms of the fall of the Western Roman Empire are a historical theme that was introduced by historian Edward Gibbon in his 1776 book The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire

History of Rome

The history of Rome includes the history of the city of Rome as well as the civilisation of ancient Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and History of Rome

History of the Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire's history is generally periodised from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and History of the Byzantine Empire

Honorius (emperor)

Honorius (9 September 384 – 15 August 423) was Roman emperor from 393 to 423.

See History of the Roman Empire and Honorius (emperor)

Huns

The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Huns

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland.

See History of the Roman Empire and Hyperthyroidism

Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula (IPA), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe, defining the westernmost edge of Eurasia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Iberian Peninsula

Illus

Flavius Illus (Ἴλλους or Ἰλλοῦς; died 488) was a Roman general, who played an important role in the reigns of the eastern emperors Zeno and Basiliscus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Illus

Illyricum (Roman province)

Illyricum was a Roman province that existed from 27 BC to sometime during the reign of Vespasian (69–79 AD).

See History of the Roman Empire and Illyricum (Roman province)

Imperator

The title of imperator originally meant the rough equivalent of commander under the Roman Republic.

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Imperium

In ancient Rome, imperium was a form of authority held by a citizen to control a military or governmental entity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Imperium

Incest

Incest is human sexual activity between family members or close relatives.

See History of the Roman Empire and Incest

Incitatus

Incitatus (meaning "swift" or "at full gallop") was the favourite horse of Roman Emperor Caligula.

See History of the Roman Empire and Incitatus

Indo-Roman trade relations

Indo-Roman trade relations (see also the spice trade and incense road) was trade between the Indian subcontinent and the Roman Empire in Europe and the Mediterranean Sea.

See History of the Roman Empire and Indo-Roman trade relations

Inflation

In economics, inflation is a general increase in the prices of goods and services in an economy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Inflation

Italian Peninsula

The Italian Peninsula (Italian: penisola italica or penisola italiana), also known as the Italic Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula or Italian Boot, is a peninsula extending from the southern Alps in the north to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south, which comprises much of the country of Italy and the enclaved microstates of San Marino and Vatican City.

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J. B. Bury

John Bagnell Bury (16 October 1861 – 1 June 1927) was an Anglo-Irish historian, classical scholar, Medieval Roman historian and philologist.

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Jerusalem

Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

See History of the Roman Empire and Jerusalem

Jewish history

Jewish history is the history of the Jews, their nation, religion, and culture, as it developed and interacted with other peoples, religions, and cultures.

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Jiaozhi

Jiaozhi (standard Chinese, pinyin: Jiāozhǐ), or Giao Chỉ, was a historical region ruled by various Chinese dynasties, corresponding to present-day northern Vietnam.

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Jiaozhou (region)

Jiaozhou (Wade–Giles: Chiao1-Cho1; Giao Châu) was an imperial Chinese province under the Han and Jin dynasties.

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Joannes

Joannes or John (Iohannes; died 425) was Western Roman emperor from 423 to 425.

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John VI Kantakouzenos

John VI Kantakouzenos or Cantacuzene (Ἰωάννης Ἄγγελος Παλαιολόγος Καντακουζηνός, Iōánnēs Ángelos Palaiológos Kantakouzēnós; Johannes Cantacuzenus; – 15 June 1383) was a Byzantine Greek nobleman, statesman, and general.

See History of the Roman Empire and John VI Kantakouzenos

Josephus

Flavius Josephus (Ἰώσηπος,; AD 37 – 100) was a Roman–Jewish historian and military leader.

See History of the Roman Empire and Josephus

Jovian (emperor)

Jovian (Jovianus; Iobianós; 331 – 17 February 364) was Roman emperor from June 363 to February 364.

See History of the Roman Empire and Jovian (emperor)

Judaea (Roman province)

Judaea (Iudaea; translit) was a Roman province from 6 to 132 AD, which incorporated the Levantine regions of Idumea, Philistia, Judea, Samaria and Galilee, extending over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Judea.

See History of the Roman Empire and Judaea (Roman province)

Judea

Judea or Judaea (Ἰουδαία,; Iudaea) is a mountainous region of the Levant.

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Julia Avita Mamaea

Julia Avita Mamaea or Julia Mamaea (14 or 29 August around 182 – March 21/22 235) was a Christian Syrian noble woman and member of the Severan dynasty.

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Julia Domna

Julia Domna (– 217 AD) was Roman empress from 193 to 211 as the wife of Emperor Septimius Severus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Julia Domna

Julia Drusilla

Julia Drusilla (16 September AD 16 – 10 June AD 38) was a member of the Roman imperial family, the second daughter and fifth child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder to survive infancy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Julia Drusilla

Julia Drusilla (daughter of Caligula)

Julia Drusilla (Classical Latin: IVLIA•DRVSILLA; middle of AD 39 – 24 January 41), sometimes known as Drusilla the Younger (Classical Latin: DRVSILLA•MINOR; transcribed as Drusilla Minor) during her lifetime, was the only child and daughter of Roman Emperor Gaius (Caligula) and his fourth and last wife Milonia Caesonia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Julia Drusilla (daughter of Caligula)

Julia Flavia

Julia Flavia (– 91) or Flavia Julia, nicknamed Julia Titi, was the daughter of Roman Emperor Titus and his first wife Arrecina Tertulla.

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Julia gens

The gens Julia was one of the most prominent patrician families in ancient Rome.

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Julia Livilla

Julia Livilla (–) was the youngest child of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder and the youngest sister of the Emperor Caligula.

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Julia Maesa

Julia Maesa (7 May before 160 AD – AD) was a member of the Severan dynasty of the Roman Empire who was the grandmother of emperors Elagabalus and Severus Alexander, elder sister of empress Julia Domna, and mother of Julia Soaemias and Julia Mamaea.

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Julia the Elder

Julia the Elder (30 October 39 BC – AD 14), known to her contemporaries as Julia Caesaris filia or Julia Augusti filia (Classical Latin: IVLIA•CAESARIS•FILIA or IVLIA•AVGVSTI•FILIA), was the daughter and only biological child of Augustus, the first Roman emperor, and his second wife, Scribonia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Julia the Elder

Julian (emperor)

Julian (Flavius Claudius Julianus; Ἰουλιανός; 331 – 26 June 363) was the Caesar of the West from 355 to 360 and Roman emperor from 361 to 363, as well as a notable philosopher and author in Greek.

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Julio-Claudian dynasty

The Julio-Claudian dynasty comprised the first five Roman emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.

See History of the Roman Empire and Julio-Claudian dynasty

Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.

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Julius Nepos

Julius Nepos (died 9 May 480), or simply Nepos, ruled as Roman emperor of the West from 24 June 474 to 28 August 475.

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Julius Nepos's wife

The wife of Julius Nepos was the last empress of the Roman Empire in the West, whose husband reigned from 474 through 480, although he was in exile from his capital after 475.

See History of the Roman Empire and Julius Nepos's wife

Justa Grata Honoria

Justa Grata Honoria (born c. 418 – died c. 455) was the daughter of Constantius III and Galla Placidia, as well as the sister of Valentinian III.

See History of the Roman Empire and Justa Grata Honoria

Justin I

Justin I (Iustinus; Ioustînos; 450 – 1 August 527), also called Justin the Thracian (Justinus Thrax; Ioustînos ho Thrâix), was Eastern Roman emperor from 518 to 527.

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Justina (empress)

Justina (c. 340 – c. 388) was a Roman empress.

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Justinian I

Justinian I (Iūstīniānus,; Ioustinianós,; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 to 565.

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King of Kings

King of Kings was a ruling title employed primarily by monarchs based in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent.

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Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)

Armenia, also the Kingdom of Greater Armenia, or simply Greater Armenia or Armenia Major (Մեծ Հայք; Armenia Maior) sometimes referred to as the Armenian Empire, was a kingdom in the Ancient Near East which existed from 331 BC to 428 AD.

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Kitos War

The Kitos War (115–117; mered ha-galuyot, or מרד התפוצות mered ha-tfutzot; "rebellion of the diaspora" Tumultus Iudaicus) was one of the major Jewish–Roman wars (66–136).

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Languages of the Roman Empire

Latin and Greek were the dominant languages of the Roman Empire, but other languages were regionally important. History of the Roman Empire and languages of the Roman Empire are roman Empire.

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Late antiquity

Late antiquity is sometimes defined as spanning from the end of classical antiquity to the local start of the Middle Ages, from around the late 3rd century up to the 7th or 8th century in Europe and adjacent areas bordering the Mediterranean Basin depending on location.

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Late Middle Ages

The late Middle Ages or late medieval period was the period of European history lasting from AD 1300 to 1500.

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Later Roman Empire

In historiography, the Later Roman Empire traditionally spans the period from 284 (Diocletian's proclamation as emperor) to 641 (death of Heraclius) in the history of the Roman Empire.

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Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Latin rights

Latin rights or Latin citizenship (ius Latii or ius latinum) were a set of legal rights that were originally granted to the Latins and therefore in their colonies (Latium adiectum).

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Legacy of the Roman Empire

The legacy of the Roman Empire has been varied and significant.

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Leo I (emperor)

Leo I (401 – 18 January 474), also known as "the Thracian" (Thrax; ο Θραξ), was Roman emperor of the East from 457 to 474.

See History of the Roman Empire and Leo I (emperor)

Leo II (emperor)

Leo II (Λέων, Leōn; – 474), called the Younger, briefly ruled as emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire from 473 to 474.

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Leonid dynasty

The Leonid dynasty or Thracian dynasty produced six Roman emperors during Late Antiquity, reigning over the Roman Empire from 457 to 518.

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Leontia Porphyrogenita

Leontia (Λεοντία, 457 – after 479) was the daughter of the Eastern Roman Emperor Leo I.

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Leontius (usurper)

Leontius (Leòntios; died 488) was a general of the Eastern Roman Empire and claimant to the throne who led a rebellion against emperor Zeno in 484–488.

See History of the Roman Empire and Leontius (usurper)

Lepidus

Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (89 BC – late 13 or early 12 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who formed the Second Triumvirate alongside Octavian and Mark Antony during the final years of the Roman Republic.

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Licinia Eudoxia

Licinia Eudoxia (Greek: Λικινία, 422 – c. 493) was a Roman Empress, daughter of Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II.

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Licinius

Valerius Licinianus Licinius (Greek: Λικίνιος; c. 265 – 325) was Roman emperor from 308 to 324.

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Licinius II

Licinius II, also called Licinius Junior or Licinius Caesar (Latin: Valerius Licinianus Licinius; –), was the son of the Roman emperor Licinius I. He held the imperial rank of caesar between March 317 and September 324, while his father was augustus, and he was twice Roman consul.

See History of the Roman Empire and Licinius II

List of Roman usurpers

The following is a list of usurpers in the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and List of Roman usurpers

Livia

Livia Drusilla (30 January 59 BC – 28 September 29) was Roman empress from 27 BC to AD 14 as the wife of emperor Augustus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Livia

Livilla

Claudia Livia (Classical Latin: CLAVDIA•LIVIA; c. 13 BC – AD 31) was the only daughter of Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia Minor and sister to Roman Emperor Claudius and general Germanicus, and thus paternal aunt of emperor Caligula and maternal great-aunt of emperor Nero, as well as the niece and daughter-in-law of Tiberius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Livilla

Livy

Titus Livius (59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy, was a Roman historian.

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Loeb Classical Library

The Loeb Classical Library (LCL; named after James Loeb) is a series of books originally published by Heinemann in London, but is currently published by Harvard University Press.

See History of the Roman Empire and Loeb Classical Library

Lucius Antonius Saturninus

Lucius Antonius Saturninus was a Roman senator and general during the reign of Vespasian and his sons.

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Lucius Caesar

Lucius Caesar (17 BC – 20 August 2 AD) was a grandson of Augustus, the first Roman emperor.

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Lucius Verus

Lucius Aurelius Verus (15 December 130 – January/February 169) was Roman emperor from 161 until his death in 169, alongside his adoptive brother Marcus Aurelius.

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Lugdunum

Lugdunum (also spelled Lugudunum,; modern Lyon, France) was an important Roman city in Gaul, established on the current site of Lyon.

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Lutetia

Lutetia, (Lutèce) also known as Lutecia and Lutetia Parisiorum, was a Gallo–Roman town and the predecessor of modern-day Paris.

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Lyon

Lyon (Franco-Provençal: Liyon), formerly spelled in English as Lyons, is the second largest city of France by urban area It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, northeast of Saint-Étienne.

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Mabinogion

The Mabinogion are the earliest Welsh prose stories, and belong to the Matter of Britain.

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Macrinus

Marcus Opellius Macrinus (– June 218) was a Roman emperor who reigned from April 217 to June 218, jointly with his young son Diadumenianus.

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Magister militum

Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers";: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great.

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Magnentius

Magnus Magnentius (303 – 10 August 353) was a Roman general and usurper against Constantius II.

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Magnus Maximus

Magnus Maximus (Macsen Wledig; died 28 August 388) was Roman emperor in the West from 383 to 388.

See History of the Roman Empire and Magnus Maximus

Malay Peninsula

The Malay Peninsula is located in Mainland Southeast Asia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Malay Peninsula

Manuel I Komnenos

Manuel I Komnenos (translit-std; 28 November 1118 – 24 September 1180), Latinized as Comnenus, also called Porphyrogenitus ("born in the purple"), was a Byzantine emperor of the 12th century who reigned over a crucial turning point in the history of Byzantium and the Mediterranean.

See History of the Roman Empire and Manuel I Komnenos

Marcia (mistress of Commodus)

Marcia Aurelia Ceionia Demetrias (died 193) was the alleged mistress (182–193) and one of the assassins of Roman Emperor Commodus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Marcia (mistress of Commodus)

Marcia Euphemia

Marcia Euphemia (also known as Aelia Marcia Euphemia) was the wife of Anthemius, Western Roman Emperor.

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Marcian

Marcian (Marcianus; Μαρκιανός; 392 – 27 January 457) was Roman emperor of the East from 450 to 457.

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Marcianus (son of Anthemius)

Flavius Marcianus (Greek: Μαρκιανός, AD 469–484) was a member of the Leonid dynasty.

See History of the Roman Empire and Marcianus (son of Anthemius)

Marcomannic Wars

The Marcomannic Wars (Latin: bellum Germanicum et Sarmaticum, "German and Sarmatian War") were a series of wars lasting from about 166 until 180 AD.

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Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (English:; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher.

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Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (BC – 12 BC) was a Roman general, statesman and architect who was a close friend, son-in-law and lieutenant to the Roman emperor Augustus.

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Mardonius (philosopher)

Mardonius, also spelled Mardonios, was a Roman rhetorician, philosopher and educator of Gothic descent.

See History of the Roman Empire and Mardonius (philosopher)

Maritime archaeology

Maritime archaeology (also known as marine archaeology) is a discipline within archaeology as a whole that specifically studies human interaction with the sea, lakes and rivers through the study of associated physical remains, be they vessels, shore-side facilities, port-related structures, cargoes, human remains and submerged landscapes.

See History of the Roman Empire and Maritime archaeology

Mark Antony

Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.

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Mauretania

Mauretania is the Latin name for a region in the ancient Maghreb.

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Maxentius

Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius (283 – 28 October 312) was a Roman emperor from 306 until his death in 312.

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Maximian

Maximian (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus), nicknamed Herculius, was Roman emperor from 286 to 305.

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Maximinus Daza

Galerius Valerius Maximinus, born as Daza (Greek: Μαξιμίνος; 20 November 270 – July 313), was Roman emperor from 310 to 313.

See History of the Roman Empire and Maximinus Daza

Medal

A medal or medallion is a small portable artistic object, a thin disc, normally of metal, carrying a design, usually on both sides.

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Mediolanum

Mediolanum, the ancient city where Milan now stands, was originally an Insubrian city, but afterwards became an important Roman city in Northern Italy.

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Meditations

Meditations is a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor from AD 161 to 180, recording his private notes to himself and ideas on Stoic philosophy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Meditations

Merobaudes (magister peditum)

Flavius Merobaudes (died 383 or 388) was a Roman army officer of Frankish origin.

See History of the Roman Empire and Merobaudes (magister peditum)

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.

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Mesopotamia (Roman province)

Mesopotamia was the name of a Roman province, initially a short-lived creation of the Roman emperor Trajan in 116–117 and then re-established by Emperor Septimius Severus in c. 198.

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Messalina

Valeria Messalina was the third wife of Roman emperor Claudius.

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Metonymy

Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated with that thing or concept.

See History of the Roman Empire and Metonymy

Migration Period

The Migration Period (circa 300 to 600 AD), also known as the Barbarian Invasions, was a period in European history marked by large-scale migrations that saw the fall of the Western Roman Empire and subsequent settlement of its former territories by various tribes, and the establishment of the post-Roman kingdoms.

See History of the Roman Empire and Migration Period

Milan

Milan (Milano) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, and the second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome.

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Milonia Caesonia

Milonia Caesonia (died AD 41) was Roman empress as the fourth and last wife of the Roman emperor Caligula from their marriage in AD 39 until they were both assassinated in 41.

See History of the Roman Empire and Milonia Caesonia

Moesia

Moesia (Latin: Moesia; Moisía) was an ancient region and later Roman province situated in the Balkans south of the Danube River.

See History of the Roman Empire and Moesia

Monetary reform

Monetary reform is any movement or theory that proposes a system of supplying money and financing the economy that is different from the current system.

See History of the Roman Empire and Monetary reform

Mount Vesuvius

Mount Vesuvius is a somma–stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.

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Neoplatonism

Neoplatonism is a version of Platonic philosophy that emerged in the 3rd century AD against the background of Hellenistic philosophy and religion.

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Nepotianus

Nepotianus (died 30 June 350 AD), sometimes known in English as Nepotian, was a member of the Constantinian dynasty who reigned as a short-lived usurper of the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Nepotianus

Neptune (mythology)

Neptune (Neptūnus) is the Roman god of freshwater and the sea in Roman religion.

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Nero

Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68) was a Roman emperor and the final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 until his death in AD 68.

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Nero Claudius Drusus

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus (38–9 BC), also called Drusus the Elder, was a Roman politician and military commander.

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Nerva

Nerva (born Marcus Cocceius Nerva; 8 November 30 – 27 January 98) was a Roman emperor from 96 to 98.

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Nerva–Antonine dynasty

The Nerva–Antonine dynasty comprised seven Roman emperors who ruled from AD 96 to 192: Nerva (96–98), Trajan (98–117), Hadrian (117–138), Antoninus Pius (138–161), Marcus Aurelius (161–180), Lucius Verus (161–169), and Commodus (177–192).

See History of the Roman Empire and Nerva–Antonine dynasty

Niš

Niš (Ниш,; names in other languages), less often spelled in English as Nish, is the third largest city in Serbia and the administrative center of the Nišava District.

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Nicene Creed

The Nicene Creed (Sýmvolon tis Nikéas), also called the Creed of Constantinople, is the defining statement of belief of mainstream Christianity and in those Christian denominations that adhere to it.

See History of the Roman Empire and Nicene Creed

Nicomedia

Nicomedia (Νικομήδεια, Nikomedeia; modern İzmit) was an ancient Greek city located in what is now Turkey.

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Noricum

Noricum is the Latin name for the kingdom or federation of tribes that included most of modern Austria and part of Slovenia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Noricum

North Africa

North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of the Western Sahara in the west, to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east.

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Octavia the Younger

Octavia the Younger (Octavia Minor; – 11 BC) was the elder sister of the first Roman emperor, Augustus (known also as Octavian), the half-sister of Octavia the Elder, and the fourth wife of Mark Antony.

See History of the Roman Empire and Octavia the Younger

Odoacer

Odoacer (– 15 March 493 AD), also spelled Odovacer or Odovacar, was a barbarian soldier and statesman from the Middle Danube who deposed the Western Roman child emperor Romulus Augustulus and became the ruler of Italy (476–493).

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Orestes (father of Romulus Augustulus)

OrestesJ.R. Martindale The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire vol.

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Osroes I

Osroes I (also spelled Chosroes I or Khosrow I; 𐭇𐭅𐭎𐭓𐭅Husrōw) was a Parthian contender, who ruled the western portion of the Parthian Empire from 109 to 129, with a one-year interruption.

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Ostia Antica

Ostia Antica is an ancient Roman city and the port of Rome located at the mouth of the Tiber.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ostia Antica

Ostrogothic Kingdom

The Ostrogothic Kingdom, officially the Kingdom of Italy (Regnum Italiae), was a barbarian kingdom established by the Germanic Ostrogoths that controlled Italy and neighbouring areas between 493 and 553.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ostrogothic Kingdom

Ostrogothic Ravenna

Ostrogothic Ravenna refers to the time period in which Ravenna, a city in Northeastern Italy, served as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom, which existed between 493 and 553 CE.

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Ostrogoths

The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi, Austrogothi) were a Roman-era Germanic people.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ostrogoths

Otho

Otho (born Marcus Salvius Otho; 28 April 32 – 16 April 69) was Roman emperor, ruling for three months from 15 January to 16 April 69.

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Ottoman Turks

The Ottoman Turks (Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ottoman Turks

Ovid

Publius Ovidius Naso (20 March 43 BC – AD 17/18), known in English as Ovid, was a Roman poet who lived during the reign of Augustus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ovid

Palatine Hill

The Palatine Hill (Classical Latin: Palatium; Neo-Latin: Collis/Mons Palatinus; Palatino), which relative to the seven hills of Rome is the centremost, is one of the most ancient parts of the city; it has been called "the first nucleus of the Roman Empire".

See History of the Roman Empire and Palatine Hill

Palestine (region)

The region of Palestine, also known as Historic Palestine, is a geographical area in West Asia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Palestine (region)

Palladius (Caesar)

Palladius (c. 415/425 – May 455) was caesar of the Western Roman Empire for two months in 455.

See History of the Roman Empire and Palladius (Caesar)

Palmyrene Empire

The Palmyrene Empire was a short-lived breakaway state from the Roman Empire resulting from the Crisis of the Third Century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Palmyrene Empire

Pannonia

Pannonia was a province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Pannonia

Papinian

Aemilius Papinianus (Αἰμίλιος Παπινιανός; 142 CE–212 CE), simply rendered as Papinian in English, was a celebrated Roman jurist, magister libellorum, attorney general (advocatus fisci) and, after the death of Gaius Fulvius Plautianus in 205 CE, praetorian prefect.

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Paranoia

Paranoia is an instinct or thought process that is believed to be heavily influenced by anxiety, suspicion, or fear, often to the point of delusion and irrationality.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Parthamaspates of Parthia

Parthamaspates was a Parthian prince who ruled as a Roman client king in Mesopotamia, and later of Osroene during the early second century AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Parthamaspates of Parthia

Parthia

Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran.

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Parthian Empire

The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.

See History of the Roman Empire and Parthian Empire

Patrician (ancient Rome)

The patricians (from patricius) were originally a group of ruling class families in ancient Rome.

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Patrician (post-Roman Europe)

Patricianship, the quality of belonging to a patriciate, began in the ancient world, where cities such as Ancient Rome had a social class of patrician families, whose members were initially the only people allowed to exercise many political functions.

See History of the Roman Empire and Patrician (post-Roman Europe)

Pax Romana

The (Latin for "Roman peace") is a roughly 200-year-long period of Roman history which is identified as a golden age of increased and sustained Roman imperialism, relative peace and order, prosperous stability, hegemonic power, and regional expansion.

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Peace treaty

A peace treaty is an agreement between two or more hostile parties, usually countries or governments, which formally ends a state of war between the parties.

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Periodization

In historiography, periodization is the process or study of categorizing the past into discrete, quantified, and named blocks of time for the purpose of study or analysis.

See History of the Roman Empire and Periodization

Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire

Christians were persecuted throughout the Roman Empire, beginning in the 1st century AD and ending in the 4th century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire

Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.

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Pertinax

Publius Helvius Pertinax (1 August 126 – 28 March 193) was Roman emperor for the first three months of 193.

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Pescennius Niger

Gaius Pescennius Niger (c. 135 – 194) was a Roman usurper from 193 to 194 during the Year of the Five Emperors.

See History of the Roman Empire and Pescennius Niger

Petard

A petard is a small bomb used for blowing up gates and walls when breaching fortifications, originally invented in France in 1579.

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Petronius Maximus

Petronius Maximus (31 May 455) was Roman emperor of the West for two and a half months in 455.

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Philip the Arab

Philip the Arab (Marcus Julius Philippus "Arabs"; 204 – September 249) was Roman emperor from 244 to 249.

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Philosophy

Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language.

See History of the Roman Empire and Philosophy

Plague of Cyprian

The Plague of Cyprian was a pandemic which afflicted the Roman Empire from about AD 249 to 262, or 251/2 to 270.

See History of the Roman Empire and Plague of Cyprian

Plutarch

Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.

See History of the Roman Empire and Plutarch

Po (river)

The Po is the longest river in Italy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Po (river)

Political corruption

Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials or their network contacts for illegitimate private gain.

See History of the Roman Empire and Political corruption

Pompeii

Pompeii was an ancient city in what is now the comune (municipality) of Pompei, near Naples, in the Campania region of Italy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Pompeii

Pompey

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a general and statesman of the Roman Republic.

See History of the Roman Empire and Pompey

Pontifex maximus

The pontifex maximus (Latin for "supreme pontiff") was the chief high priest of the College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum) in ancient Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Pontifex maximus

Pope Siricius

Pope Siricius (334 – 26 November 399) was the bishop of Rome from December 384 to his death.

See History of the Roman Empire and Pope Siricius

Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe, whose territory also includes the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.

See History of the Roman Empire and Portugal

Power behind the throne

The phrase "power behind the throne" refers to a person or group that is understood to de facto wield the power of a high-ranking official (originally, and hence the name, a monarch), or whose support must be maintained to continue in office.

See History of the Roman Empire and Power behind the throne

Praefectus urbi

The praefectus urbanus, also called praefectus urbi or urban prefect in English, was prefect of the city of Rome, and later also of Constantinople.

See History of the Roman Empire and Praefectus urbi

Praetorian Guard

The Praetorian Guard (Latin: cohortes praetoriae) was an elite unit of the Imperial Roman army that served as personal bodyguards and intelligence agents for the Roman emperors.

See History of the Roman Empire and Praetorian Guard

Praetorian prefect

The praetorian prefect (praefectus praetorio; ἔπαρχος/ὕπαρχος τῶν πραιτωρίων) was a high office in the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Praetorian prefect

Praetorian prefecture of Gaul

The Praetorian Prefecture of Gaul (praefectura praetorio Galliarum) was one of four large prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided.

See History of the Roman Empire and Praetorian prefecture of Gaul

Praetorian prefecture of Italy

The praetorian prefecture of Italy (Praefectura praetorio Italiae, in its full form (until 356) praefectura praetorio Italiae, Illyrici et Africae) was one of four praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided.

See History of the Roman Empire and Praetorian prefecture of Italy

Price controls

Price controls are restrictions set in place and enforced by governments, on the prices that can be charged for goods and services in a market.

See History of the Roman Empire and Price controls

Princeps

Princeps (plural: principes) is a Latin word meaning "first in time or order; the first, foremost, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble; the first person".

See History of the Roman Empire and Princeps

Principate

The Principate was the form of imperial government of the Roman Empire from the beginning of the reign of Augustus in 27 BC to the end of the Crisis of the Third Century in AD 284, after which it evolved into the Dominate.

See History of the Roman Empire and Principate

Procopius (usurper)

Procopius (Ancient Greek: Προκόπιος; 326 – 27 May 366) was a Roman usurper against Valens.

See History of the Roman Empire and Procopius (usurper)

Procopius Anthemius (son of Anthemius)

Procopius Anthemius (Greek: Προκόπιος Άνθέμιος; fl. 469–515 AD) was a politician of the Eastern Roman Empire, son of Western Roman Emperor Anthemius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Procopius Anthemius (son of Anthemius)

Propertius

Sextus Propertius was a Latin elegiac poet of the Augustan age.

See History of the Roman Empire and Propertius

Ptolemaic Kingdom

The Ptolemaic Kingdom (Ptolemaïkḕ basileía) or Ptolemaic Empire was an Ancient Greek polity based in Egypt during the Hellenistic period.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ptolemaic Kingdom

Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος,; Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was an Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were important to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ptolemy

Publius Quinctilius Varus

Publius Quinctilius Varus (Cremona, 46 BC – near Kalkriese, AD 9) was a Roman general and politician under the first Roman emperor Augustus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Publius Quinctilius Varus

Pulcheria

Aelia Pulcheria (Πουλχερία; 19 January 398 or 399 – 453) was an Eastern Roman empress who advised her brother, the emperor Theodosius II, during his minority and then became wife to emperor Marcian from November 450 to her death in 453.

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Pulcheria (daughter of Theodosius I)

Pulcheria (c.378-c.385) was the daughter of the emperor Theodosius I and his first wife Aelia Flaccilla.

See History of the Roman Empire and Pulcheria (daughter of Theodosius I)

Quadi

The Quadi were a Germanic.

See History of the Roman Empire and Quadi

Quintus Aemilius Laetus

Quintus Aemilius Laetus (died 193) was a prefect of the Roman imperial bodyguard, known as the Praetorian Guard, from 191 until his death in 193.

See History of the Roman Empire and Quintus Aemilius Laetus

Quintus Pompeius Sosius Falco

Quintus Pompeius Sosius Falco (flourished 190s) was a Roman senator, who was active during the reign of Commodus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Quintus Pompeius Sosius Falco

Raetia

Raetia or Rhaetia was a province of the Roman Empire named after the Rhaetian people.

See History of the Roman Empire and Raetia

Rafe de Crespigny

Richard Rafe Champion de Crespigny (born 1936), also known by his Chinese name Zhang Leifu, is an Australian sinologist and historian.

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Ravenna

Ravenna (also; Ravèna, Ravêna) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ravenna

Rebellion

Rebellion is a violent uprising against one's government.

See History of the Roman Empire and Rebellion

Reconquest of Constantinople

The Reconquest of Constantinople was the recapture of the city of Constantinople in 1261 CE by the forces led by Alexios Strategopoulos of the Empire of Nicaea from Latin occupation, leading to the re-establishment of the Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty, after an interval of 57 years where the city had been made the capital of the occupying Latin Empire that had been installed by the Fourth Crusade in 1204 following the Crusader Sack of Constantinople.

See History of the Roman Empire and Reconquest of Constantinople

Reincarnation

Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that the non-physical essence of a living being begins a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death.

See History of the Roman Empire and Reincarnation

Religion in ancient Rome

Religion in ancient Rome consisted of varying imperial and provincial religious practices, which were followed both by the people of Rome as well as those who were brought under its rule.

See History of the Roman Empire and Religion in ancient Rome

Republic

A republic, based on the Latin phrase res publica ('public affair'), is a state in which political power rests with the public through their representatives—in contrast to a monarchy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Republic

Res Gestae Divi Augusti

Res Gestae Divi Augusti (Eng. The Deeds of the Divine Augustus) is a monumental inscription composed by the first Roman emperor, Augustus, giving a first-person record of his life and accomplishments.

See History of the Roman Empire and Res Gestae Divi Augusti

Revolt of the Batavi

The Revolt of the Batavi took place in the Roman province of Germania Inferior ("Lower Germania") between AD 69 and 70.

See History of the Roman Empire and Revolt of the Batavi

Rhine

--> The Rhine is one of the major European rivers.

See History of the Roman Empire and Rhine

Ricimer

Ricimer (– 19 August 472) was a Romanized Germanic general who effectively ruled the remaining territory of the Western Roman Empire from 456 after defeating Avitus, until his death in 472, with a brief interlude in which he contested power with Anthemius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Ricimer

Roman army

The Roman army (Latin: exercitus Romanus) was the armed forces deployed by the Romans throughout the duration of Ancient Rome, from the Roman Kingdom (753 BC–509 BC) to the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and the Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD), and its medieval continuation, the Eastern Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman army

Roman Britain

Roman Britain was the territory that became the Roman province of Britannia after the Roman conquest of Britain, consisting of a large part of the island of Great Britain.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman Britain

Roman censor

The censor was a magistrate in ancient Rome who was responsible for maintaining the census, supervising public morality, and overseeing certain aspects of the government's finances.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman censor

Roman citizenship

Citizenship in ancient Rome (civitas) was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman citizenship

Roman civil war of 350–353

The Roman civil war of 350–353 AD was a war fought between the Roman emperor Constantius II and the usurper Magnentius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman civil war of 350–353

Roman consul

A consul was the highest elected public official of the Roman Republic (to 27 BC).

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman consul

Roman currency

Roman currency for most of Roman history consisted of gold, silver, bronze, orichalcum and copper coinage.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman currency

Roman dictator

A Roman dictator was an extraordinary magistrate in the Roman Republic endowed with full authority to resolve some specific problem to which he had been assigned.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman dictator

Roman Egypt

Roman Egypt; was an imperial province of the Roman Empire from 30 BC to AD 641.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman Egypt

Roman emperor

The Roman emperor was the ruler and monarchical head of state of the Roman Empire, starting with the granting of the title augustus to Octavian in 27 BC.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman emperor

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman Empire

Roman glass

Roman glass objects have been recovered across the Roman Empire in domestic, industrial and funerary contexts.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman glass

Roman governor

A Roman governor was an official either elected or appointed to be the chief administrator of Roman law throughout one or more of the many provinces constituting the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman governor

Roman imperial cult

The Roman imperial cult (cultus imperatorius) identified emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority (auctoritas) of the Roman State.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman imperial cult

Roman Italy

Italia (in both the Latin and Italian languages), also referred to as Roman Italy, was the homeland of the ancient Romans.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman Italy

Roman legion

The Roman legion (legiō), the largest military unit of the Roman army, was composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman legion

Roman province

The Roman provinces (pl.) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman province

Roman Republic

The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman Republic

Roman Senate

The Roman Senate (Senātus Rōmānus) was the highest and constituting assembly of ancient Rome and its aristocracy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman Senate

Roman Syria

Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman Syria

Roman temple

Ancient Roman temples were among the most important buildings in Roman culture, and some of the richest buildings in Roman architecture, though only a few survive in any sort of complete state.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman temple

Roman triumph

The Roman triumph (triumphus) was a civil ceremony and religious rite of ancient Rome, held to publicly celebrate and sanctify the success of a military commander who had led Roman forces to victory in the service of the state or, in some historical traditions, one who had successfully completed a foreign war.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman triumph

Roman–Parthian War of 58–63

The Roman–Parthian War of 58–63 or the War of the Armenian Succession was fought between the Roman Empire and the Parthian Empire over control of Armenia, a vital buffer state between the two realms.

See History of the Roman Empire and Roman–Parthian War of 58–63

Romano-British culture

The Romano-British culture arose in Britain under the Roman Empire following the Roman conquest in AD 43 and the creation of the province of Britannia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Romano-British culture

Rome

Rome (Italian and Roma) is the capital city of Italy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Rome

Romulus (son of Anthemius)

Romulus (Greek: Ρωμήλος, fl. 469–479 AD) was a son of Western Roman Emperor Anthemius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Romulus (son of Anthemius)

Romulus and Remus

In Roman mythology, Romulus and Remus are twin brothers whose story tells of the events that led to the founding of the city of Rome and the Roman Kingdom by Romulus, following his fratricide of Remus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Romulus and Remus

Romulus Augustulus

Romulus Augustus (after 511), nicknamed Augustulus, was Roman emperor of the West from 31 October 475 until 4 September 476.

See History of the Roman Empire and Romulus Augustulus

Sack of Constantinople

The Sack of Constantinople occurred in April 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sack of Constantinople

Sarmatia

Sarmatia was a region of the Eurasian steppe inhabited by the Sarmatians.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sarmatia

Sarmizegetusa Regia

Sarmizegetusa Regia (also known as Sarmisegetusa, Sarmisegethusa, Sarmisegethuza) was the capital and the most important military, religious and political centre of the Dacians before the wars with the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sarmizegetusa Regia

Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sasanian Empire

Scythia

Scythia (Scythian: Skulatā; Old Persian: Skudra; Ancient Greek: Skuthia; Latin: Scythia) or Scythica (Ancient Greek: Skuthikē; Latin: Scythica), also known as Pontic Scythia, was a kingdom created by the Scythians during the 6th to 3rd centuries BC in the Pontic–Caspian steppe.

See History of the Roman Empire and Scythia

Second Battle of Tapae

The Second Battle of Tapae in 88 AD was the decisive battle of Domitian's Dacian War, in which the Roman Emperor defeated the Dacian King Decebalus's army in Tapae.

See History of the Roman Empire and Second Battle of Tapae

Second Temple

The Second Temple was the reconstructed Temple in Jerusalem, in use between and its destruction in 70 CE.

See History of the Roman Empire and Second Temple

Second Triumvirate

The Second Triumvirate was an extraordinary commission and magistracy created for Mark Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian to give them practically absolute power.

See History of the Roman Empire and Second Triumvirate

Secular Games

The Secular or Saecular Games (Ludi Saeculares) was an ancient Roman religious celebration involving sacrifices, theatrical performances, and public games (ludi).

See History of the Roman Empire and Secular Games

Sejanus

Lucius Aelius Sejanus (c. 20 BC – 18 October AD 31), commonly known as Sejanus, was a Roman soldier, friend, and confidant of the Roman Emperor Tiberius.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sejanus

Seleucia

Seleucia (Σελεύκεια), also known as or or Seleucia ad Tigrim, was a major Mesopotamian city, located on the west bank of the Tigris River within the present-day Baghdad Governorate in Iraq.

See History of the Roman Empire and Seleucia

Senate of the Roman Empire

The Senate of the Roman Empire was a political institution in the ancient Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Senate of the Roman Empire

Senate of the Roman Republic

The Senate was the governing and advisory assembly of the aristocracy in the ancient Roman Republic.

See History of the Roman Empire and Senate of the Roman Republic

Seneca the Elder

Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Elder (– c. AD 39), also known as Seneca the Rhetorician, was a Roman writer, born of a wealthy equestrian family of Corduba, Hispania.

See History of the Roman Empire and Seneca the Elder

Septimius Severus

Lucius Septimius Severus (11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was a Roman politician who served as emperor from 193 to 211.

See History of the Roman Empire and Septimius Severus

Sestertius

The sestertius (sestertii) or sesterce (sesterces) was an ancient Roman coin.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sestertius

Severan dynasty

The Severan dynasty, sometimes called the Septimian dynasty, was an Ancient Roman imperial dynasty that ruled the Roman Empire between 193 and 235, during the Roman imperial period.

See History of the Roman Empire and Severan dynasty

Severus Alexander

Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander (1 October 208 – March 235), also known as Alexander Severus, was Roman emperor from 222 until 235.

See History of the Roman Empire and Severus Alexander

Severus II

Flavius Valerius Severus (died September 307), also called Severus II, was a Roman emperor from 306 to 307, and a member of the Tetrarchy.

See History of the Roman Empire and Severus II

Shapur II

Shapur II (𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, 309–379), also known as Shapur the Great, was the tenth Sasanian King of Kings (Shahanshah) of Iran.

See History of the Roman Empire and Shapur II

Silentiarius

Silentiarius, Hellenized to silentiarios (σιλεντιάριος) and Anglicized to silentiary, was the Latin title given to a class of courtiers in the Byzantine imperial court, responsible for order and silence (silentium) in the Great Palace of Constantinople.

See History of the Roman Empire and Silentiarius

Silk Road

The Silk Road was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Silk Road

Silvae

The is a collection of Latin occasional poetry in hexameters, hendecasyllables, and lyric meters by Publius Papinius Statius (c. 45 – c. 96 CE).

See History of the Roman Empire and Silvae

Sino-Roman relations

Sino-Roman relations comprised the (primarily indirect) contacts and flows of trade goods, information, and occasional travelers between the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty, as well as between the later Eastern Roman Empire and various successive Chinese dynasties that followed.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sino-Roman relations

Sirmium

Sirmium was a city in the Roman province of Pannonia, located on the Sava river, on the site of modern Sremska Mitrovica in the Vojvodina autonomous province of Serbia.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sirmium

Smallpox

Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus.

See History of the Roman Empire and Smallpox

Sogdia

Sogdia or Sogdiana was an ancient Iranian civilization between the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, and in present-day Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sogdia

Solidus (coin)

The solidus (Latin 'solid';: solidi) or nomisma (νόμισμα, nómisma, 'coin') was a highly pure gold coin issued in the Later Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Solidus (coin)

South China Sea

The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean.

See History of the Roman Empire and South China Sea

Spain

Spain, formally the Kingdom of Spain, is a country located in Southwestern Europe, with parts of its territory in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Africa.

See History of the Roman Empire and Spain

Split, Croatia

Split (Spalato:; see other names), is the second-largest city of Croatia after the capital Zagreb, the largest city in Dalmatia and the largest city on the Croatian coast.

See History of the Roman Empire and Split, Croatia

SPQR

SPQR, an initialism for Senatus Populusque Romanus, is an emblematic phrase referring to the government of the Roman Republic.

See History of the Roman Empire and SPQR

Stilicho

Stilicho (– 22 August 408) was a military commander in the Roman army who, for a time, became the most powerful man in the Western Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Stilicho

Stoicism

Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy that flourished in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Stoicism

Succession of the Roman Empire

The continuation, succession, and revival of the Roman Empire is a running theme of the history of Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. History of the Roman Empire and succession of the Roman Empire are roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Succession of the Roman Empire

Suetonius

Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly referred to as Suetonius (– after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Suetonius

Sulla

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (138–78 BC), commonly known as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman.

See History of the Roman Empire and Sulla

Susa

Susa (Middle translit; Middle and Neo-translit; Neo-Elamite and Achaemenid translit; Achaemenid translit; شوش; שׁוּשָׁן; Σοῦσα; ܫܘܫ; 𐭮𐭥𐭱𐭩 or 𐭱𐭥𐭮; 𐏂𐎢𐏁𐎠) was an ancient city in the lower Zagros Mountains about east of the Tigris, between the Karkheh and Dez Rivers in Iran.

See History of the Roman Empire and Susa

Syncretism

Syncretism is the practice of combining different beliefs and various schools of thought.

See History of the Roman Empire and Syncretism

Szőny

Szőny was a town in Hungary.

See History of the Roman Empire and Szőny

T. Corey Brennan

Terry Corey Brennan (born November 24, 1959) is a Professor of Classics at Rutgers University-New Brunswick (US).

See History of the Roman Empire and T. Corey Brennan

Tacitus

Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (–), was a Roman historian and politician.

See History of the Roman Empire and Tacitus

Temple of Peace, Rome

The Temple of Peace (Templum Pacis), also known as the Forum of Vespasian (Forum Vespasiani), was built in Rome in 71 AD under Emperor Vespasian in honour to Pax, the Roman goddess of peace.

See History of the Roman Empire and Temple of Peace, Rome

Tetrarchy

The Tetrarchy was the system instituted by Roman emperor Diocletian in 293 AD to govern the ancient Roman Empire by dividing it between two emperors, the augusti, and their junior colleagues and designated successors, the caesares.

See History of the Roman Empire and Tetrarchy

The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, sometimes shortened to Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, is a six-volume work by the English historian Edward Gibbon.

See History of the Roman Empire and The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

The Twelve Caesars

De vita Caesarum (Latin; "About the Life of the Caesars"), commonly known as The Twelve Caesars, is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire written by Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus.

See History of the Roman Empire and The Twelve Caesars

Theodoric the Great

Theodoric (or Theoderic) the Great (454 – 30 August 526), also called Theodoric the Amal, was king of the Ostrogoths (475–526), and ruler of the independent Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy between 493 and 526, regent of the Visigoths (511–526), and a patrician of the Eastern Roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Theodoric the Great

Theodosian dynasty

The Theodosian dynasty was a Roman imperial family that produced five Roman emperors during Late Antiquity, reigning over the Roman Empire from 379 to 457.

See History of the Roman Empire and Theodosian dynasty

Theodosius I

Theodosius I (Θεοδόσιος; 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius the Great, was a Roman emperor from 379 to 395.

See History of the Roman Empire and Theodosius I

Theodosius II

Theodosius II (Θεοδόσιος; 10 April 401 – 28 July 450) was Roman emperor from 402 to 450.

See History of the Roman Empire and Theodosius II

Thervingi

The Thervingi, Tervingi, or Teruingi (sometimes pluralised Tervings or Thervings) were a Gothic people of the plains north of the Lower Danube and west of the Dniester River in the 3rd and the 4th centuries.

See History of the Roman Empire and Thervingi

Theurgy

Theurgy, also known as divine magic, is one of two major branches of the magical arts,Pierre A. Riffard, Dictionnaire de l'ésotérisme, Paris: Payot, 1983, 340.

See History of the Roman Empire and Theurgy

Thrace

Thrace (Trakiya; Thráki; Trakya) is a geographical and historical region in Southeast Europe.

See History of the Roman Empire and Thrace

Tiber

The Tiber (Tevere; Tiberis) is the third-longest river in Italy and the longest in Central Italy, rising in the Apennine Mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing through Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, where it is joined by the River Aniene, to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between Ostia and Fiumicino.

See History of the Roman Empire and Tiber

Tiberius

Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was Roman emperor from AD 14 until 37.

See History of the Roman Empire and Tiberius

Tiberius Claudius Nero (father of Tiberius Caesar)

Tiberius Claudius Nero (82 – 33 BC) was a Roman politician, senator, and praetor who lived in the last century of the Roman Republic.

See History of the Roman Empire and Tiberius Claudius Nero (father of Tiberius Caesar)

Timeline of Roman history

This is a timeline of Roman history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Roman Kingdom and Republic and the Roman and Byzantine Empires.

See History of the Roman Empire and Timeline of Roman history

Titus

Titus Caesar Vespasianus (30 December 39 – 13 September AD 81) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81.

See History of the Roman Empire and Titus

Trajan

Trajan (born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, adopted name Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 53) was a Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117, remembered as the second of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.

See History of the Roman Empire and Trajan

Trajan's Column

Trajan's Column (Colonna Traiana, Columna Traiani) is a Roman triumphal column in Rome, Italy, that commemorates Roman emperor Trajan's victory in the Dacian Wars.

See History of the Roman Empire and Trajan's Column

Trajan's Dacian Wars

Trajan's Dacian Wars (101–102, 105–106) were two military campaigns fought between the Roman Empire and Dacia during Emperor Trajan's rule.

See History of the Roman Empire and Trajan's Dacian Wars

Trajan's Forum

Trajan's Forum (Forum Traiani; Foro di Traiano) was the last of the Imperial fora to be constructed in ancient Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Trajan's Forum

Transgender

A transgender person (often shortened to trans person) is someone whose gender identity differs from that typically associated with the sex they were assigned at birth.

See History of the Roman Empire and Transgender

Tribune

Tribune was the title of various elected officials in ancient Rome.

See History of the Roman Empire and Tribune

Trier

Trier (Tréier), formerly and traditionally known in English as Trèves and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city on the banks of the Moselle in Germany.

See History of the Roman Empire and Trier

Twenty-Four Histories

The Twenty-Four Histories, also known as the Orthodox Histories, are the Chinese official dynastic histories covering from the earliest dynasty in 3000 BC to the Ming dynasty in the 17th century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Twenty-Four Histories

Valens

Valens (Ouálēs; 328 – 9 August 378) was Roman emperor from 364 to 378.

See History of the Roman Empire and Valens

Valentinian dynasty

The Valentinian dynasty was a ruling house of five generations of dynasts, including five Roman emperors during late antiquity, lasting nearly a hundred years from the mid fourth to the mid fifth century.

See History of the Roman Empire and Valentinian dynasty

Valentinian I

Valentinian I (Valentinianus; 32117 November 375), sometimes called Valentinian the Great, was Roman emperor from 364 to 375.

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Valentinian II

Valentinian II (Valentinianus; 37115 May 392) was a Roman emperor in the western part of the Roman empire between AD 375 and 392.

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Valentinian III

Valentinian III (Placidus Valentinianus; 2 July 41916 March 455) was Roman emperor in the West from 425 to 455.

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Valerie Hansen

Valerie Hansen is an American historian.

See History of the Roman Empire and Valerie Hansen

Vandals

The Vandals were a Germanic people who first inhabited what is now southern Poland.

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Velleius Paterculus

Marcus Velleius Paterculus was a Roman historian, soldier and senator.

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Verina

Aelia Verina (Greek: Βερίνα; died 484) was the Empress consort of Leo I of the Eastern Roman Empire.

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Vespasian

Vespasian (Vespasianus; 17 November AD 9 – 23 June 79) was Roman emperor from 69 to 79.

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Vestal Virgin

In ancient Rome, the Vestal Virgins or Vestals (Vestālēs, singular Vestālis) were priestesses of Vesta, virgin goddess of Rome's sacred hearth and its flame.

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Vetranio

Vetranio (died) was briefly a imperial usurper and emperor in the Roman Empire in 350, during which time he controlled Illyricum between the rival emperors Magnus Magnentius and Constantius II, eventually capitulating to the latter.

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Via Labicana

The Via Labicana was an ancient road of Italy, leading east-southeast from Rome.

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Victor (emperor)

Victor (died August 388AD) was a Western Roman emperor from either 383/384 or 387 to August 388.

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Vienne, Isère

Vienne (Vièna) is a town in southeastern France, located south of Lyon, at the confluence of the Gère and the Rhône.

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Vietnam

Vietnam, officially the (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country.

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Visigoths

The Visigoths (Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, Wisi) were a Germanic people united under the rule of a king and living within the Roman Empire during late antiquity.

See History of the Roman Empire and Visigoths

Vitellius

Aulus Vitellius (24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69.

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Vologases III of Parthia

Vologases III (𐭅𐭋𐭂𐭔 Walagash) was king of the Parthian Empire from 110 to 147.

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Walls of Constantinople

The Walls of Constantinople (Konstantinopolis Surları; Τείχη της Κωνσταντινουπόλης) are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great.

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War of Actium

The War of Actium (32–30 BC) was the last civil war of the Roman Republic, fought between Mark Antony (assisted by Cleopatra and by extension Ptolemaic Egypt) and Octavian.

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Warrior

A warrior is a guardian specializing in combat or warfare, especially within the context of a tribal or clan-based warrior culture society that recognizes a separate warrior aristocracy, class, or caste.

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Western Roman Empire

In modern historiography, the Western Roman Empire was the western provinces of the Roman Empire, collectively, during any period in which they were administered separately from the eastern provinces by a separate, independent imperial court. History of the Roman Empire and western Roman Empire are roman Empire.

See History of the Roman Empire and Western Roman Empire

Year of the Four Emperors

The Year of the Four Emperors, AD 69, was the first civil war of the Roman Empire, during which four emperors ruled in succession: Galba, Otho, Vitellius, and Vespasian.

See History of the Roman Empire and Year of the Four Emperors

Zeno (emperor)

Zeno (Zénōn; – 9 April 491) was Eastern Roman emperor from 474 to 475 and again from 476 to 491.

See History of the Roman Empire and Zeno (emperor)

Zosimus (historian)

Zosimus (Ζώσιμος; 490s–510s) was a Greek historian who lived in Constantinople during the reign of the eastern Roman Emperor Anastasius I (491–518).

See History of the Roman Empire and Zosimus (historian)

See also

Roman Empire

• Acta Caesaris
• Admissionales
• Asturica Augusta
• Byzantine Empire
• Chamanene
• Client kingdoms in ancient Rome
• Cohors IV Tungrorum
• Comes
• Comparative studies of the Roman and Han empires
• Conference of Carnuntum
• Congiarium
• Demography of the Roman Empire
• Disease in Imperial Rome
• Donativum
• Duchy of Antioch
• Elusa (ancient capital)
• Greek East and Latin West
• Hiberno-Roman relations
• Hippomancy
• History of the Roman Empire
• Languages of the Roman Empire
• Libertina
• Mansio
• Metropole
• Munatiana
• Proskynesis
• Religion in the Roman Empire
• Roman Empire
• Romans in sub-Saharan Africa
• Succession of the Roman Empire
• Travel in classical antiquity
• Western Roman Empire

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Empire

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