Table of Contents
245 relations: Abraham, Absolute monarchy, Achaeans (Homer), Adad-nirari I, Adana, Aegean civilization, Aegean Sea, Akhenaten, Akkadian language, Alaca Höyük, Alaca Höyük bronze standards, Alashiya, Aleppo, Alphabet, Amarna, Amenhotep III, Ammuna, Amorites, Amurru kingdom, Anatolia, Anatolian hieroglyphs, Anatolian languages, Anatolian peoples, Ancient Egypt, Anitta (king), Ankara, Ankuwa, Anti-Taurus Mountains, Archaeology, Archibald Sayce, Arnuwanda II, Arzawa, Ashur-resh-ishi I, Ashur-uballit I, Assyria, Šuppiluliuma I, Šuppiluliuma II, Babylon, Babylonia, Battle of Kadesh, Battle of Nihriya, Bedřich Hrozný, Biblical Hittites, Biological warfare, Black Sea, Boğazkale, Book of Deuteronomy, Book of Genesis, Books of Chronicles, Books of Kings, ... Expand index (195 more) »
- Anatolian peoples
- Ancient history of Turkey
- States and territories disestablished in the 12th century BC
- States and territories established in the 17th century BC
Abraham
Abraham (originally Abram) is the common Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Absolute monarchy
Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign is the sole source of political power, unconstrained by constitutions, legislatures or other checks on their authority.
See Hittites and Absolute monarchy
Achaeans (Homer)
The Achaeans or Akhaians (Akhaioí, "the Achaeans" or "of Achaea") is one of the names in Homer which is used to refer to the Greeks collectively.
See Hittites and Achaeans (Homer)
Adad-nirari I
Adad-nārārī I, rendered in all but two inscriptions ideographically as mdadad-ZAB+DAḪ, meaning "Adad (is) my helper," (1305–1274 BC or 1295–1263 BC short chronology) was a king of Assyria during the Middle Assyrian Empire.
See Hittites and Adad-nirari I
Adana
Adana is a large city in southern Turkey.
Aegean civilization
Aegean civilization is a general term for the Bronze Age civilizations of Greece around the Aegean Sea.
See Hittites and Aegean civilization
Aegean Sea
The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia.
Akhenaten
Akhenaten (pronounced), also spelled Akhenaton or Echnaton (ꜣḫ-n-jtn ʾŪḫə-nə-yātəy,, meaning 'Effective for the Aten'), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh reigning or 1351–1334 BC, the tenth ruler of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
Akkadian language
Akkadian (translit)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.
See Hittites and Akkadian language
Alaca Höyük
Alacahöyük or Alaca Höyük (sometimes also spelled as Alacahüyük, Euyuk, or Evuk) is the site of a Neolithic and Hittite settlement and is an important archaeological site.
Alaca Höyük bronze standards
The Alaca Höyük bronze standards are a series of bronze objects found among the grave goods in the princely tombs of Alaca Höyük.
See Hittites and Alaca Höyük bronze standards
Alashiya
Alashiya (𒀀𒆷𒅆𒅀 Alašiya; 𐎀𐎍𐎘𐎊 ẢLṮY; Linear B: 𐀀𐀨𐀯𐀍 Alasios; Hieratic "'irs3"), also spelled Alasiya, also known as the Kingdom of Alashiya, was a state which existed in the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, and was situated somewhere in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Aleppo
Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.
Alphabet
An alphabet is a standard set of letters written to represent particular sounds in a spoken language.
Amarna
Amarna (al-ʿAmārna) is an extensive ancient Egyptian archaeological site containing the remains of what was the capital city during the late Eighteenth Dynasty.
Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III (jmn-ḥtp(.w),; "Amun is satisfied"), also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent or Amenhotep the Great and Hellenized as Amenophis III, was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
See Hittites and Amenhotep III
Ammuna
Ammuna was a King of the Hittites ca.
Amorites
The Amorites (author-link, Pl. XXVIII e+i|MAR.TU; Amurrūm or Tidnum Tidnum; ʾĔmōrī; Ἀμορραῖοι) were an ancient Northwest Semitic-speaking Bronze Age people from the Levant. Hittites and Amorites are ancient Syria.
Amurru kingdom
Amurru (Sumerian: 𒈥𒌅𒆠 MAR.TUKI; Akkadian: 𒀀𒈬𒌨𒊏 Amûrra, 𒀀𒈬𒊑 Amuri, 𒀀𒄯𒊑 Amurri) was an Amorite kingdom established c. 2000 BC, in a region spanning present-day Northern Lebanon and north-western Syria. Hittites and Amurru kingdom are former kingdoms and states and territories disestablished in the 12th century BC.
See Hittites and Amurru kingdom
Anatolia
Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.
Anatolian hieroglyphs
Anatolian hieroglyphs are an indigenous logographic script native to central Anatolia, consisting of some 500 signs.
See Hittites and Anatolian hieroglyphs
Anatolian languages
The Anatolian languages are an extinct branch of Indo-European languages that were spoken in Anatolia, part of present-day Turkey. Hittites and Anatolian languages are Anatolian peoples.
See Hittites and Anatolian languages
Anatolian peoples
The Anatolians were Indo-European-speaking peoples of the Anatolian Peninsula in present-day Turkey, identified by their use of the Anatolian languages. Hittites and Anatolian peoples are ancient Syria, ancient history of Turkey and ancient peoples of Anatolia.
See Hittites and Anatolian peoples
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa. Hittites and ancient Egypt are history of the Mediterranean.
See Hittites and Ancient Egypt
Anitta (king)
Anitta, son of Pitḫana, reigned ca.
See Hittites and Anitta (king)
Ankara
Ankara, historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and 5.8 million in Ankara Province, making it Turkey's second-largest city after Istanbul, but first by the urban area (4,130 km2).
Ankuwa
Ankuwa was an ancient Hattian and Hittite settlement in central Anatolia.
Anti-Taurus Mountains
The Anti-Taurus Mountains (from Αντίταυρος) or Aladaglar are a mountain range in southern and eastern Turkey, curving northeast from the Taurus Mountains.
See Hittites and Anti-Taurus Mountains
Archaeology
Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.
Archibald Sayce
Archibald Henry Sayce (25 September 18454 February 1933) was a pioneer British Assyriologist and linguist, who held a chair as Professor of Assyriology at the University of Oxford from 1891 to 1919.
See Hittites and Archibald Sayce
Arnuwanda II
Arnuwanda II was a Hittite great king who reigned in the late 14th century BC, perhaps in c. 1322–1321 BC.
Arzawa
Arzawa was a region and political entity in Western Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age. Hittites and Arzawa are former kingdoms and states and territories disestablished in the 12th century BC.
Ashur-resh-ishi I
Aššur-rēša-iši I, inscribed maš-šur-SAG-i-ši and meaning “Aššur has lifted my head,” ruled 1132–1115 BC, son of Mutakkil-Nusku, was a king of Assyria, the 86th to appear on the Assyrian King ListAssyrian King List’s: Nassouhi, iv 4, 6; Khorsabad, iii 37, 39; SDAS, iii 23, 25.
See Hittites and Ashur-resh-ishi I
Ashur-uballit I
Ashur-uballit I (Aššur-uballiṭ I), who reigned between 1363 and 1328 BC, was the first king of the Middle Assyrian Empire.
See Hittites and Ashur-uballit I
Assyria
Assyria (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: x16px, māt Aššur) was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization which existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC, which eventually expanded into an empire from the 14th century BC to the 7th century BC. Hittites and Assyria are ancient Near East, ancient Syria and former empires.
Šuppiluliuma I
Šuppiluliuma I, also Suppiluliuma or Suppiluliumas was an ancient Hittite king (r. –1322 BC).
See Hittites and Šuppiluliuma I
Šuppiluliuma II
Šuppiluliuma II, the son of Tudḫaliya IV, was the last certain great king of the New Kingdom of the Hittite Empire, contemporary with Tukulti-Ninurta I of the Middle Assyrian Empire.
See Hittites and Šuppiluliuma II
Babylon
Babylon was an ancient city located on the lower Euphrates river in southern Mesopotamia, within modern-day Hillah, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 miles) south of modern day Baghdad. Hittites and Babylon are ancient Near East.
Babylonia
Babylonia (𒆳𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠) was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria and Iran). Hittites and Babylonia are former empires and states and territories established in the 17th century BC.
Battle of Kadesh
The Battle of Kadesh took place in the 13th century BC between the Egyptian Empire led by pharaoh Ramesses II and the Hittite Empire led by king Muwatalli II.
See Hittites and Battle of Kadesh
Battle of Nihriya
The Battle of Niḫriya was the culminating point of the hostilities between the Hittites and the Assyrians for control over the remnants of the former empire of Mitanni.
See Hittites and Battle of Nihriya
Bedřich Hrozný
Bedřich Hrozný (6 May 1879 – 12 December 1952), also known as italics, was a Czech orientalist and linguist.
See Hittites and Bedřich Hrozný
Biblical Hittites
The Hittites, also spelled Hethites, were a group of people mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.
See Hittites and Biblical Hittites
Biological warfare
Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, insects, and fungi with the intent to kill, harm or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war.
See Hittites and Biological warfare
Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.
Boğazkale
Boğazkale ("Gorge Fortress") is a town of Çorum Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey, located from the city of Çorum.
Book of Deuteronomy
Deuteronomy (second law; Liber Deuteronomii) is the fifth book of the Torah (in Judaism), where it is called (דְּבָרִים|Dəḇārīm| words) and the fifth book of the Hebrew Bible and Christian Old Testament.
See Hittites and Book of Deuteronomy
Book of Genesis
The Book of Genesis (from Greek; בְּרֵאשִׁית|Bərēʾšīṯ|In beginning; Liber Genesis) is the first book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament.
See Hittites and Book of Genesis
Books of Chronicles
The Book of Chronicles (דִּבְרֵי־הַיָּמִים, "words of the days") is a book in the Hebrew Bible, found as two books (1–2 Chronicles) in the Christian Old Testament.
See Hittites and Books of Chronicles
Books of Kings
The Book of Kings (Sēfer Məlāḵīm) is a book in the Hebrew Bible, found as two books (1–2 Kings) in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.
See Hittites and Books of Kings
Bounty (reward)
A bounty is a payment or reward of money to locate, capture or kill an outlaw or a wanted person.
See Hittites and Bounty (reward)
British Museum
The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London.
See Hittites and British Museum
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age was a historical period lasting from approximately 3300 to 1200 BC.
Bryges
Bryges or Briges (Βρύγοι or Βρίγες) is the historical name given to a people of the ancient Balkans.
C. W. Ceram
Original German cover of ''Gods, Graves and Scholars: The Story of Archaeology'' (1949)C.
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Hittites and Cambridge University Press
Canaan
Canaan (Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 –; כְּנַעַן –, in pausa כְּנָעַן –; Χανααν –;The current scholarly edition of the Greek Old Testament spells the word without any accents, cf. Septuaginta: id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes. Hittites and Canaan are ancient Syria.
Canaanite religion
The Canaanite religion was the group of ancient Semitic religions practiced by the Canaanites living in the ancient Levant from at least the early Bronze Age to the first centuries CE.
See Hittites and Canaanite religion
Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.
See Hittites and Capital punishment
Cappadocia
Cappadocia (Kapadokya, Greek: Καππαδοκία) is a historical region in Central Anatolia, Turkey.
Carchemish
Carchemish, also spelled Karkemish (Karkamış), was an important ancient capital in the northern part of the region of Syria.
Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.
Central Anatolia Region
The Central Anatolia Region (İç Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.
See Hittites and Central Anatolia Region
Charles Texier
Félix Marie Charles Texier (22 August 1802, Versailles – 1 July 1871, Paris) was a French historian, architect and archaeologist.
See Hittites and Charles Texier
Chronology of the ancient Near East
The chronology of the ancient Near East is a framework of dates for various events, rulers and dynasties. Hittites and chronology of the ancient Near East are ancient Near East.
See Hittites and Chronology of the ancient Near East
Cilicia
Cilicia is a geographical region in southern Anatolia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea.
Cilician Gates
The Cilician Gates or Gülek Pass is a pass through the Taurus Mountains connecting the low plains of Cilicia to the Anatolian Plateau, by way of the narrow gorge of the Gökoluk River.
See Hittites and Cilician Gates
Codification (law)
In law, codification is the process of collecting and restating the law of a jurisdiction in certain areas, usually by subject, forming a legal code, i.e. a codex (book) of law.
See Hittites and Codification (law)
Constitutional monarchy
Constitutional monarchy, also known as limited monarchy, parliamentary monarchy or democratic monarchy, is a form of monarchy in which the monarch exercises their authority in accordance with a constitution and is not alone in making decisions.
See Hittites and Constitutional monarchy
Craig Melchert
Harold Craig Melchert (born April 5, 1945) is an American linguist known particularly for his work on the Anatolian branch of Indo-European.
See Hittites and Craig Melchert
Cuneiform
Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic writing system that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East.
Cyprus
Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
David
David ("beloved one") was a king of ancient Israel and Judah and the third king of the United Monarchy, according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.
David W. Anthony
David W. Anthony is an American anthropologist who is Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at Hartwick College.
See Hittites and David W. Anthony
Eflatun Pınar
Eflatun Pınar (Eflatunpınar) is the name given to a spring, which rises up from the ground, and the stone-built pool monument built at the time of the Hittite Empire.
See Hittites and Eflatun Pınar
Egypt
Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia.
Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty
The Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty, also known as the Eternal Treaty or the Silver Treaty, is the only Ancient Near Eastern treaty for which the versions of both sides have survived.
See Hittites and Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty
Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
See Hittites and Encyclopædia Britannica
Ethnic groups in the Middle East
Ethnic groups in the Middle East are ethnolinguistic groupings in the "transcontinental" region that is commonly a geopolitical term designating the intercontinental region comprising West Asia (including Cyprus) without the South Caucasus, and also comprising Egypt in North Africa.
See Hittites and Ethnic groups in the Middle East
Etibank
Etibank A.Ş is a defunct Turkish bank.
Euphrates
The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
Ezero culture
The Ezero culture, 3300—2700 BC, was a Bronze Age archaeological culture occupying most of present-day Bulgaria.
See Hittites and Ezero culture
Ezra–Nehemiah
Ezra–Nehemiah (עזרא נחמיה) is a book in the Hebrew Bible found in the Ketuvim section, originally with the Hebrew title of Ezra (עזרא) and called Esdras B (Ἔσδρας Βʹ) in the Septuagint.
See Hittites and Ezra–Nehemiah
Ferrous metallurgy
Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys.
See Hittites and Ferrous metallurgy
Francis William Newman
Francis William Newman (27 June 1805 – 4 October 1897) was an English classical scholar and moral philosopher, prolific miscellaneous writer and activist for vegetarianism and other causes.
See Hittites and Francis William Newman
Gal dubsar
The gal dubsar was a Hittite administrative title literally meaning "chief of the scribes".
Gal gestin
The gal gestin was a Hittite military and administrative title literally meaning "chief of the wine stewards".
Gal mesedi
The gal mesedi was a Hittite military and administrative title literally meaning "chief of the royal bodyguards".
Georgians
The Georgians, or Kartvelians (tr), are a nation and Caucasian ethnic group native to present-day Georgia and surrounding areas historically associated with the Georgian kingdoms.
German Archaeological Institute
The German Archaeological Institute (Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, DAI) is a research institute in the field of archaeology (and other related fields).
See Hittites and German Archaeological Institute
Halet Çambel
Halet Çambel (27 August 1916 – 12 January 2014) was a Turkish archaeologist and Olympic fencer.
Hama
Hama (حَمَاة,; lit; Ḥămāṯ) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria.
Hantili I
Hantili I was a king of the Hittites during the Hittite Old Kingdom.
Hanyeri relief
The Hanyeri relief (or Gezbeli relief) is a Hittite rock relief near Hanyeri on the road from Tufanbeyli to Develi in Tufanbeyli district in Adana Province, about 80 km southeast of Kayseri, in Turkey.
See Hittites and Hanyeri relief
Hattians
The Hattians were an ancient Bronze Age people that inhabited the land of Hatti, in central Anatolia (modern Turkey). Hittites and Hattians are ancient Near East and ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Hattic language
Hattic, or Hattian, was a non-Indo-European agglutinative language spoken by the Hattians in Asia Minor in the 2nd millennium BC.
See Hittites and Hattic language
Hattusa
Hattusa, also Hattuşa, Ḫattuša, Hattusas, or Hattusha, was the capital of the Hittite Empire in the late Bronze Age during two distinct periods.
Hattusili's Civil War
Hattusili's Civil War was a struggle between the Hittite king Muršili III and his uncle Ḫattušili III that occurred around 1267 BC.
See Hittites and Hattusili's Civil War
Hayasa-Azzi
Hayasa-Azzi or Azzi-Hayasa (URUḪaiaša-, Հայասա) was a Late Bronze Age confederation in the Armenian Highlands and/or Pontic region of Asia Minor. Hittites and Hayasa-Azzi are ancient Near East and ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Hüseyindede vases
The Hüseyindede vases are Early Hittite vases decorated with reliefs, which were found in excavations at Hüseyindede Tepe near Yörüklü in the Turkish province of Çorum.
See Hittites and Hüseyindede vases
Hemite relief
The Hemite relief is a Hittite rock relief at Gökçedam (formerly Hemite) in the central district of Osmaniye Province in Turkey, about 20 km northwest of the provincial capital of Osmaniye.
See Hittites and Hemite relief
Hittite art
Hittite art was produced by the Hittite civilization in ancient Anatolia, in modern-day Turkey, and also stretching into Syria during the second millennium BCE from the nineteenth century up until the twelfth century BCE.
Hittite cuneiform
Hittite cuneiform is the implementation of cuneiform script used in writing the Hittite language.
See Hittites and Hittite cuneiform
Hittite language
Hittite (𒌷𒉌𒅆𒇷|translit.
See Hittites and Hittite language
Hittite mythology and religion
Hittite mythology and Hittite religion were the religious beliefs and practices of the Hittites, who created an empire centered in what is now Turkey from.
See Hittites and Hittite mythology and religion
Hittite plague
The Hittite Plague or Hand of Nergal was an epidemic, possibly of tularemia, which occurred in the mid-to-late 14th century BC.
See Hittites and Hittite plague
Hittitology
Hittitology is the study of the Hittites, an ancient Anatolian people that established an empire around Hattusa in the 2nd millennium BCE.
Homer
Homer (Ὅμηρος,; born) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature.
Hugo Winckler
Hugo Winckler (4 July 1863 – 19 April 1913) was a German archaeologist and historian who uncovered the capital of the Hittite Empire (Hattusa) at Boğazkale, Turkey.
See Hittites and Hugo Winckler
Hurrian language
Hurrian is an extinct Hurro-Urartian language spoken by the Hurrians (Khurrites), a people who entered northern Mesopotamia around 2300 BC and had mostly vanished by 1000 BC.
See Hittites and Hurrian language
Hurrians
The Hurrians (Ḫu-ur-ri; also called Hari, Khurrites, Hourri, Churri, Hurri) were a people who inhabited the Ancient Near East during the Bronze Age. Hittites and Hurrians are ancient Near East, ancient Syria and ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Hurro-Urartian languages
Hurro-Urartian is an extinct language family of the Ancient Near East, comprising only two known languages: Hurrian and Urartian.
See Hittites and Hurro-Urartian languages
Huzziya I
Huzziya I was a king of the Hittites (Old Kingdom), ruling for 5 years, ca.
Išḫara
Išḫara was a goddess originally worshipped in Ebla and other nearby settlements in the north of modern Syria in the third millennium BCE.
Illuyanka
In Hittite mythology, Illuyanka was a serpentine dragon slain by Tarḫunz, the Hittite incarnation of the Hurrian god of sky and storm.
Indigenism
Indigenism can refer to several different ideologies that seek to promote the interests of indigenous peoples.
Indo-European languages
The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.
See Hittites and Indo-European languages
Indo-European studies
Indo-European studies (Indogermanistik) is a field of linguistics and an interdisciplinary field of study dealing with Indo-European languages, both current and extinct.
See Hittites and Indo-European studies
Indo-Hittite
In Indo-European linguistics, the term Indo-Hittite (also Indo-Anatolian) is Edgar Howard Sturtevant's 1926 hypothesis that the Anatolian languages split off a Pre-Proto-Indo-European language considerably earlier than the separation of the remaining Indo-European languages.
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age.
Ivane Javakhishvili
Ivane Alexandres dze Javakhishvili (ივანე ჯავახიშვილი; 23 April 1876 – 18 November 1940) was a Georgian historian and linguist whose voluminous works heavily influenced the modern scholarship of the history and culture of Georgia.
See Hittites and Ivane Javakhishvili
J. P. Mallory
James Patrick Mallory (born October 25, 1945) is an American archaeologist and Indo-Europeanist.
See Hittites and J. P. Mallory
Jabal (name)
Jabal is an Arabic surname or male given name, which means "mountain".
Javan
Javan was the fourth son of Noah's son Japheth according to the "Generations of Noah" (Book of Genesis, chapter 10) in the Hebrew Bible.
Josephus
Flavius Josephus (Ἰώσηπος,; AD 37 – 100) was a Roman–Jewish historian and military leader.
Jubal (Bible)
Jubal (also Yuval, Yubal or Tubal; – Yūḇāl) is a biblical figure in of the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.
See Hittites and Jubal (Bible)
Kadesh (Syria)
Kadesh, or Qadesh, was an ancient city of the Levant on or near the headwaters or a ford of the Orontes River.
See Hittites and Kadesh (Syria)
Kartvelian languages
The Kartvelian languages (tr; also known as South Caucasian, Kartvelic, and Iberian languagesBoeder (2002), p. 3) are a language family indigenous to the South Caucasus and spoken primarily in Georgia.
See Hittites and Kartvelian languages
Karum (trade post)
Karum (Akkadian: kārum "quay, port, commercial district", plural kārū, from Sumerian kar "fortification (of a harbor), break-water") is the name given to ancient Old Assyrian period trade posts in Anatolia (modern Turkey) from the 20th to 18th centuries BC.
See Hittites and Karum (trade post)
Kaskians
The Kaska (also Kaška, later Tabalian Kasku and Gasga) were a loosely affiliated Bronze Age non-Indo-European tribal people, who spoke the unclassified Kaskian language and lived in mountainous East Pontic Anatolia, known from Hittite sources. Hittites and Kaskians are ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Kassite dynasty
The Kassite dynasty, also known as the third Babylonian dynasty, was a line of kings of Kassite origin who ruled from the city of Babylon in the latter half of the second millennium BC and who belonged to the same family that ran the kingdom of Babylon between 1595 and 1155 BC, following the first Babylonian dynasty (Old Babylonian Empire; 1894-1595 BC).
See Hittites and Kassite dynasty
Kassites
The Kassites were people of the ancient Near East, who controlled Babylonia after the fall of the Old Babylonian Empire and until (short chronology). Hittites and Kassites are former empires and states and territories disestablished in the 12th century BC.
Kültepe
Kültepe (Turkish: ash-hill), also known as Kanesh or Nesha, is an archaeological site in Kayseri Province, Turkey, inhabited from the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC, in the Early Bronze Age.
Kızılırmak River
The Kızılırmak (Turkish for "Red River"), once known as the Halys River (Ἅλυς) and Alis River, is the longest river flowing entirely within Turkey.
See Hittites and Kızılırmak River
Kings of Judah
The Kings of Judah were the monarchs who ruled over the ancient Kingdom of Judah, which was formed in about 930 BC, according to the Hebrew Bible, when the United Kingdom of Israel split, with the people of the northern Kingdom of Israel rejecting Rehoboam as their monarch, leaving him as solely the King of Judah.
See Hittites and Kings of Judah
Kittim
Kittim was a settlement in present-day Larnaca on the east coast of Cyprus, known in ancient times as Kition, or (in Latin) Citium.
Kizzuwatna
Kizzuwatna (or Kizzuwadna; in Ancient Egyptian Kode or Qode) was an ancient Anatolian kingdom in the 2nd millennium BC. Hittites and Kizzuwatna are former kingdoms and states and territories disestablished in the 12th century BC.
Kussara
Kussara (Kuššar) was a Middle Bronze Age kingdom in Anatolia.
Labarna I
Labarna was the traditional first king of the Hittites, (middle chronology), the most accepted chronology nowadays.
Language isolate
A language isolate is a language that has no demonstrable genetic relationship with any other languages.
See Hittites and Language isolate
Laryngeal theory
The laryngeal theory is a theory in historical linguistics positing that the Proto-Indo-European language included a number of laryngeal consonants that are not reconstructable by direct application of the comparative method to the Indo-European family.
See Hittites and Laryngeal theory
Late Bronze Age collapse
The Late Bronze Age collapse was a time of widespread societal collapse during the 12th century BC associated with environmental change, mass migration, and the destruction of cities. Hittites and Late Bronze Age collapse are ancient Near East.
See Hittites and Late Bronze Age collapse
Lebanon
Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.
Leipzig
Leipzig (Upper Saxon: Leibz'sch) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony.
Levant
The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''.
Lion of Babylon (statue)
Lion of Babylon is a stone sculpture, over 3,600 years old, that was found in the ancient city of Babylon, Iraq.
See Hittites and Lion of Babylon (statue)
List of Hittite kings
The dating and sequence of Hittite kings is compiled by scholars from fragmentary records, supplemented by the finds in Ḫattuša and other administrative centers of cuneiform tablets and more than 3,500 seal impressions providing the names, titles, and sometimes ancestry of Hittite kings and officials.
See Hittites and List of Hittite kings
List of inscriptions in biblical archaeology
The following is a list of inscribed artifacts, items made or given shape by humans, that are significant to biblical archaeology.
See Hittites and List of inscriptions in biblical archaeology
List of kings of Babylon
The king of Babylon (Akkadian:, later also) was the ruler of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Babylon and its kingdom, Babylonia, which existed as an independent realm from the 19th century BC to its fall in the 6th century BC.
See Hittites and List of kings of Babylon
Logogram
In a written language, a logogram (from Ancient Greek 'word', and 'that which is drawn or written'), also logograph or lexigraph, is a written character that represents a semantic component of a language, such as a word or morpheme.
London
London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.
Luwian language
Luwian, sometimes known as Luvian or Luish, is an ancient language, or group of languages, within the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family.
See Hittites and Luwian language
Luwians
The Luwians were an ancient people in Anatolia who spoke the Luwian language. Hittites and Luwians are Anatolian peoples and ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Mari, Syria
Mari (Cuneiform:, ma-riki, modern Tell Hariri; تل حريري) was an ancient Semitic city-state in modern-day Syria. Hittites and Mari, Syria are former kingdoms.
Marriage of state
A marriage of state is a diplomatic marriage or union between two members of different nation-states or internally, between two power blocs, usually in authoritarian societies and is a practice which dates back to ancient times, as far back as early Grecian cultures in western society, and of similar antiquity in other civilizations.
See Hittites and Marriage of state
Max Müller
Friedrich Max Müller (6 December 1823 – 28 October 1900) was a comparative philologist and Orientalist of German origin.
Maykop culture
The Maykop culture (scientific transliteration: Majkop), c. 3700 BC–3000 BC, is a major Bronze Age archaeological culture in the western Caucasus region.
See Hittites and Maykop culture
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
See Hittites and Mediterranean Sea
Melid
Melid, also known as Arslantepe, was an ancient city on the Tohma River, a tributary of the upper Euphrates rising in the Taurus Mountains.
Mesedi
The Mesedi was the personal bodyguard of the king of the Hittites.
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent. Hittites and Mesopotamia are ancient Syria.
Mesopotamian mythology
Mesopotamian mythology refers to the myths, religious texts, and other literature that comes from the region of ancient Mesopotamia which is a historical region of Western Asia, situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system that occupies the area of present-day Iraq.
See Hittites and Mesopotamian mythology
Meteorite
A meteorite is a rock that originated in outer space and has fallen to the surface of a planet or moon.
Middle Assyrian Empire
The Middle Assyrian Empire was the third stage of Assyrian history, covering the history of Assyria from the accession of Ashur-uballit I 1363 BC and the rise of Assyria as a territorial kingdom to the death of Ashur-dan II in 912 BC. Hittites and Middle Assyrian Empire are ancient Near East and former kingdoms.
See Hittites and Middle Assyrian Empire
Middle East
The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
Miletus
Miletus (Mī́lētos; 𒈪𒅋𒆷𒉿𒀭𒁕 Mīllawānda or 𒈪𒆷𒉿𒋫 Milawata (exonyms); Mīlētus; Milet) was an ancient Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia, near the mouth of the Maeander River in ancient Ionia.
Mitanni
Mitanni (–1260 BC), earlier called Ḫabigalbat in old Babylonian texts,; Hanigalbat or Hani-Rabbat in Assyrian records, or Naharin in Egyptian texts, was a Hurrian-speaking state in northern Syria and southeast Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) with Indo-Aryan linguistic and political influences. Hittites and Mitanni are states and territories established in the 17th century BC.
Muršili II
Mursili II (also spelled Mursilis II) was a king of the Hittite Empire (New kingdom) –1295 BC (middle chronology) or 1321–1295 BC (short chronology).
Muršili III
Muršili III, also known as Urhi-Teshub, was a king of the Hittites who assumed the throne of the Hittite empire (New Kingdom) at Tarhuntassa upon his father's death.
Mursili I
Mursili I (also known as Mursilis; sometimes transcribed as Murshili) was a king of the Hittites 1620-1590 BC, as per the middle chronology, the most accepted chronology in our times (or alternatively c. 1556–1526 BC, short chronology), and was likely a grandson of his predecessor, Hattusili I.
Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations (Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi) is located on the south side of Ankara Castle in the Atpazarı area in Ankara, Turkey.
See Hittites and Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
Mushki
The Mushki (sometimes transliterated as Muški) were an Iron Age people of Anatolia who appear in sources from Assyria but not from the Hittites. Hittites and Mushki are ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Muwatalli II
Muwatalli II (also Muwatallis, or Muwatallish) was a king of the New Kingdom of the Hittite empire c. 1295–1282 (middle chronology) and 1295–1272 BC in the short chronology.
Mycenaean Greece
Mycenaean Greece (or the Mycenaean civilization) was the last phase of the Bronze Age in ancient Greece, spanning the period from approximately 1750 to 1050 BC. Hittites and Mycenaean Greece are states and territories disestablished in the 12th century BC and states and territories established in the 17th century BC.
See Hittites and Mycenaean Greece
Near East
The Near East is a transcontinental region around the East Mediterranean encompassing parts of West Asia, the Balkans, and North Africa, specifically the historical Fertile Crescent, the Levant, Anatolia, East Thrace, and Egypt.
Nebuchadnezzar I
Nebuchadnezzar I, reigned 1121–1100 BC, was the fourth king of the Second Dynasty of Isin and Fourth Dynasty of Babylon.
See Hittites and Nebuchadnezzar I
Neo-Assyrian Empire
The Neo-Assyrian Empire was the fourth and penultimate stage of ancient Assyrian history. Hittites and Neo-Assyrian Empire are ancient Near East and ancient history of Turkey.
See Hittites and Neo-Assyrian Empire
New Kingdom of Egypt
The New Kingdom, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, was the ancient Egyptian state between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC.
See Hittites and New Kingdom of Egypt
Niğde
Niğde (Νίγδη; Hittite: Nahita, Naxita) is a city and the capital of in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey.
Niğde Stele
The Niğde Stele is a Neo-Hittite monument from the modern Turkish city of Niğde, which dates from the end of the 8th century BC.
Nordic Bronze Age
The Nordic Bronze Age (also Northern Bronze Age, or Scandinavian Bronze Age) is a period of Scandinavian prehistory from.
See Hittites and Nordic Bronze Age
Northwest Caucasian languages
The Northwest Caucasian languages, also called West Caucasian, Abkhazo-Adyghean, Abkhazo-Circassian, Circassic, or sometimes Pontic languages, is a family of languages spoken in the northwestern Caucasus region,Hoiberg, Dale H. (2010) chiefly in three Russian republics (Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay–Cherkessia), the disputed territory of Abkhazia, Georgia, and Turkey, with smaller communities scattered throughout the Middle East.
See Hittites and Northwest Caucasian languages
Odyssey
The Odyssey (Odýsseia) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer.
Old Assyrian period
The Old Assyrian period was the second stage of Assyrian history, covering the history of the city of Assur from its rise as an independent city-state under Ushpia 2080 BC, and consolidated under Puzur-Ashur I 2025 BC to the foundation of a larger Assyrian territorial state and empire after the accession of Ashur-uballit I 1363 BC, which marks the beginning of the succeeding Middle Assyrian period.
See Hittites and Old Assyrian period
Old Babylonian Empire
The Old Babylonian Empire, or First Babylonian Empire, is dated to, and comes after the end of Sumerian power with the destruction of the Third Dynasty of Ur, and the subsequent Isin-Larsa period. Hittites and Old Babylonian Empire are former empires.
See Hittites and Old Babylonian Empire
Old Europe (archaeology)
Old Europe is a term coined by the Lithuanian archaeologist Marija Gimbutas to describe what she perceived as a relatively homogeneous pre-Indo-European Neolithic and Copper Age culture or civilisation in Southeast Europe, centred in the Lower Danube Valley.
See Hittites and Old Europe (archaeology)
Orontes River
The Orontes (from Ancient Greek Ὀρόντης) or Nahr al-ʿĀṣī, or simply Asi (translit,; Asi) is a long river in Western Asia that begins in Lebanon, flowing northwards through Syria before entering the Mediterranean Sea near Samandağ in Hatay Province, Turkey.
See Hittites and Orontes River
Pharaoh
Pharaoh (Egyptian: pr ꜥꜣ; ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ|Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: Parʿō) is the vernacular term often used for the monarchs of ancient Egypt, who ruled from the First Dynasty until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Republic in 30 BCE.
Philistia
Philistia (Koine Greek (LXX): Γῆ τῶν Φυλιστιείμ, romanized: gê tôn Phulistieím) was a confederation of five main cities or pentapolis in the Southwest Levant, made up of principally Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron, and Gath, and for a time, Jaffa (present-day part of Tel Aviv). Hittites and Philistia are ancient Near East.
Philology
Philology is the study of language in oral and written historical sources.
Phoenicia
Phoenicia, or Phœnicia, was an ancient Semitic thalassocratic civilization originating in the coastal strip of the Levant region of the eastern Mediterranean, primarily located in modern Lebanon. Hittites and Phoenicia are ancient Near East, ancient Syria, ancient history of Turkey and history of the Mediterranean.
Phrygia
In classical antiquity, Phrygia (Φρυγία, Phrygía) was a kingdom in the west-central part of Anatolia, in what is now Asian Turkey, centered on the Sangarios River. Hittites and Phrygia are former kingdoms.
Phrygians
The Phrygians (Greek: Φρύγες, Phruges or Phryges) were an ancient Indo-European speaking people who inhabited central-western Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) in antiquity. Hittites and Phrygians are ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Pitḫana
Pitḫana (Pythanas) was a Bronze Age king, during the 18th century BC (middle chronology), of the Anatolian city of Kuššara, and a forerunner of the later Hittite dynasty.
Polity
A polity is a group of people with a collective identity, who are organized by some form of political institutionalized social relations, and have a capacity to mobilize resources.
Prehistory of Anatolia
The prehistory of Anatolia stretches from the Paleolithic era through to the appearance of classical civilisation in the middle of the 1st millennium BC.
See Hittites and Prehistory of Anatolia
Proto-Indo-European language
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family.
See Hittites and Proto-Indo-European language
Proto-Indo-European mythology
Proto-Indo-European mythology is the body of myths and deities associated with the Proto-Indo-Europeans, speakers of the hypothesized Proto-Indo-European language.
See Hittites and Proto-Indo-European mythology
Proto-Indo-Europeans
The Proto-Indo-Europeans are a hypothetical prehistoric ethnolinguistic group of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family.
See Hittites and Proto-Indo-Europeans
Puruli
Puruli was a Hattian spring festival, held at Nerik, dedicated to the earth goddess Hannahanna, who is married to a new king.
Ramesses II
Ramesses II (rꜥ-ms-sw), commonly known as Ramesses the Great, was an Egyptian pharaoh.
Rock relief
A rock relief or rock-cut relief is a relief sculpture carved on solid or "living rock" such as a cliff, rather than a detached piece of stone.
Samuha
Šamuḫa is an ancient settlement near the village of Kayalı Pinar, c. 40 km west of Sivas, in the Sivas Province of Turkey.
Sapinuwa
Sapinuwa (sometimes Shapinuwa; Hittite: Šapinuwa) was a Bronze Age Hittite city at the location of modern Ortaköy in the province Çorum in Turkey about 70 kilometers east of the Hittite capital of Hattusa.
Sargon II
Sargon II (𒈗𒁺|translit.
Sea Peoples
The Sea Peoples were a group of tribes hypothesized to have attacked Egypt and other Eastern Mediterranean regions around 1200 BC during the Late Bronze Age. Hittites and Sea Peoples are ancient Near East and history of the Mediterranean.
Shalmaneser I
Shalmaneser I (𒁹𒀭𒁲𒈠𒉡𒊕 mdsál-ma-nu-SAG Salmanu-ašared; 1273–1244 BC or 1265–1235 BC) was a king of Assyria during the Middle Assyrian Empire.
See Hittites and Shalmaneser I
Shalmaneser III
Shalmaneser III (Šulmānu-ašarēdu, "the god Shulmanu is pre-eminent") was king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from the death of his father Ashurnasirpal II in 859 BC to his own death in 824 BC.
See Hittites and Shalmaneser III
Shattiwaza
Shattiwaza or Šattiwaza, alternatively referred to as Kurtiwaza or Mattiwaza, was a king of the Hurrian kingdom of Mitanni, who reigned 1330-1305 BC.
Smelting
Smelting is a process of applying heat and a chemical reducing agent to an ore to extract a desired base metal product.
Studien zu den Bogazkoy-Texten
Studien zu den Bogazköy-Texten (abbreviated StBoT; lit. Studies in the Bogazköy (Hattusa) Texts) edited by the German Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur (Academy of Sciences and Literature), Mainz, since 1965, is a series of editions of Hittite texts and monographs on topics of the Anatolian languages.
See Hittites and Studien zu den Bogazkoy-Texten
Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship.
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
Syro-Hittite states
The states called Neo-Hittite, Syro-Hittite (in older literature), or Luwian-Aramean (in modern scholarly works) were Luwian and Aramean regional polities of the Iron Age, situated in southeastern parts of modern Turkey and northwestern parts of modern Syria, known in ancient times as lands of Hatti and Aram. Hittites and Syro-Hittite states are ancient Near East and ancient Syria.
See Hittites and Syro-Hittite states
Tabal (state)
Tabal (𒆳𒋫𒁄 and 𒌷𒋫𒁄), later reorganised into Bīt-Burutaš (𒆳𒂍𒁹𒁍𒊒𒋫𒀾) or Bīt-Paruta (𒂍𒁹𒉺𒊒𒋫), was a Luwian-speaking Syro-Hittite state which existed in southeastern Anatolia in the Iron Age.
See Hittites and Tabal (state)
Tahsin Özgüç
Tahsin Özgüç (1916–2005) was an eminent Turkish field archaeologist.
Tarḫuntašša
Tarḫuntašša (𒀭𒅎𒋫𒀸𒊭 and 𔖖𔓢𔕙𔑯𔗦) was a Bronze Age city in south-central Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) mentioned in contemporary documents.
Tarḫunz
Tarḫunz (stem: Tarḫunt-) was the weather god and chief god of the Luwians, a people of Bronze Age and early Iron Age Anatolia.
Telepinu Proclamation
Telipinu (or Telepinu) Proclamation is a Hittite edict, written during the reign of King Telipinu, c. 1525-1500 BCE.
See Hittites and Telepinu Proclamation
Telipinu
Telipinu was the last king of the Hittites Old Kingdom, reigning in middle chronology.
Tibareni
The Tibareni (Greek: Τιβαρηνοί, Τιβαρανοί) were a people residing on the coast of ancient Pontus referred to in Herodotus, Xenophon, Strabo and other classical authors. Hittites and Tibareni are ancient peoples of Anatolia.
Tiglath-Pileser I
Tiglath-Pileser I (from the Hebraic form of 𒆪𒋾𒀀𒂍𒈗𒊏|translit.
See Hittites and Tiglath-Pileser I
Tigris
The Tigris (see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates.
Tubal
Tubal (תֻבָל, Ṯuḇāl), in Genesis 10 (the "Table of Nations"), was the name of a son of Japheth, son of Noah.
Tudḫaliya I
Tudḫaliya I (sometimes considered identical with Tudḫaliya II and called Tudḫaliya I/II) was a Hittite great king in the 15th century BC, ruling perhaps c. 1465–c.
Tudḫaliya IV
Tudhaliya IV was a king of the Hittite Empire (New kingdom), and the younger son of Hattusili III.
Tudhaliya
Tudḫaliya is the name of several Hittite kings or royals.
Tukulti-Ninurta I
Tukulti-Ninurta I (meaning: "my trust is in Ninurta"; reigned 1243–1207 BC) was a king of Assyria during the Middle Assyrian Empire.
See Hittites and Tukulti-Ninurta I
Tularemia
Tularemia, also known as rabbit fever, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis.
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.
Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun or Tutankhamen, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who ruled during the late Eighteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt. Born Tutankhaten, he was likely a son of Akhenaten, thought to be the KV55 mummy. His mother was identified through DNA testing as The Younger Lady buried in KV35; she was a full sister of her husband.
Upper Mesopotamia
Upper Mesopotamia constitutes the uplands and great outwash plain of northwestern Iraq, northeastern Syria and southeastern Turkey, in the northern Middle East.
See Hittites and Upper Mesopotamia
Uriah the Hittite
Uriah the Hittite (ʾŪrīyyā haḤīttī) is a minor figure in the Hebrew Bible, mentioned in the Books of Samuel, an elite soldier in the army of David, king of Israel and Judah, and the husband of Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam.
See Hittites and Uriah the Hittite
Warren Cowgill
Warren Crawford Cowgill (December 19, 1929 – June 20, 1985) was an American linguist.
See Hittites and Warren Cowgill
Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses, known at the time and in following centuries as the Civil Wars, were a series of civil wars fought over control of the English throne from 1455 to 1487.
See Hittites and Wars of the Roses
Weather god
A weather god or goddess, also frequently known as a storm god or goddess, is a deity in mythology associated with weather phenomena such as thunder, snow, lightning, rain, wind, storms, tornadoes, and hurricanes.
West Asia
West Asia, also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost region of Asia.
William Wright (missionary)
William Wright (15 January 1837 – 31 July 1899) was an Irish missionary in Damascus and the author of The Empire of the Hittites (1884), which introduced the history of the recently discovered Hittite civilization to the general public.
See Hittites and William Wright (missionary)
World History Encyclopedia
World History Encyclopedia (formerly Ancient History Encyclopedia) is a nonprofit educational company created in 2009 by Jan van der Crabben.
See Hittites and World History Encyclopedia
Yamhad
Yamhad (Yamḫad) was an ancient Semitic-speaking kingdom centered on Ḥalab (Aleppo) in Syria. Hittites and Yamhad are ancient Syria and former kingdoms.
Yazılıkaya
Yazılıkaya (Inscribed rock) was a sanctuary of Hattusa, the capital city of the Hittite Empire, today in the Çorum Province, Turkey.
Zalpuwa
Zalpuwa, traditionally also thought to be Zalpa, was a still-undiscovered Bronze Age city in Anatolia of around the 18th century BC. Hittites and Zalpuwa are former kingdoms.
Zidanta I
Zidanta I was a king of the Hittites (Old Kingdom), ruling for 10 years, ca.
1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed
1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed is a 2014 non-fiction book about the Late Bronze Age collapse by American archaeologist Eric H. Cline.
See Hittites and 1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed
2nd millennium BC
The 2nd millennium BC spanned the years 2000 BC to 1001 BC.
See Hittites and 2nd millennium BC
See also
Anatolian peoples
- Anatolian languages
- Anatolian peoples
- Hittites
- Leucosyri
- List of ancient Anatolian peoples
- Luwians
- Palaic peoples
Ancient history of Turkey
- Anatolian peoples
- Ancient Anatolia
- Ancient Thrace
- Ancient regions of Anatolia
- Hittites
- Ionian League
- Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)
- List of ancient Anatolian peoples
- List of ancient kingdoms of Anatolia
- List of ancient settlements in Turkey
- Neo-Assyrian Empire
- Paphlagonian Eneti
- Phoenicia
- Turtanu
States and territories disestablished in the 12th century BC
- Amurru kingdom
- Arzawa
- Hapalla
- Hittites
- Kassites
- Kizzuwatna
- Minoan civilization
- Mycenaean Greece
- Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
- Ugarit
States and territories established in the 17th century BC
- Abydos Dynasty
- Babylonia
- Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt
- Hittites
- Mitanni
- Mycenaean Greece
- Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt
References
Also known as Aluwamna, Collapse of the Hittite Empire, Downfall of the Hittite Empire, Early Hittite, Hatti (land of the Hittites), Hethite, Hethites, Hettites, Hettittes, History of Hattians and Hittites, History of the Hittites, Hitite, Hitites, Hitti, Hittie, Hittite Empire, Hittite Kingdom, Hittite Middle Kingdom, Hittite New Kingdom, Hittite Old Kingdom, Hittite cuneiform tablets, Hittite tablets, Hittites of Anatolia, Hittitic Empire, Hittitic Kingdom, Hittittes, Middle Hittite Kingdom, Middle Kingdom of the Hittites, Neshites, Nesians, Nesites, New Hittite Kingdom, New Kingdom of the Hittites, Old Hittite Empire, Old Hittite Kingdom, Old Kingdom of the Hittites, The Hittite Kingdom, The Hittites.
, Bounty (reward), British Museum, Bronze Age, Bryges, C. W. Ceram, Cambridge University Press, Canaan, Canaanite religion, Capital punishment, Cappadocia, Carchemish, Caucasus, Central Anatolia Region, Charles Texier, Chronology of the ancient Near East, Cilicia, Cilician Gates, Codification (law), Constitutional monarchy, Craig Melchert, Cuneiform, Cyprus, David, David W. Anthony, Eflatun Pınar, Egypt, Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty, Encyclopædia Britannica, Ethnic groups in the Middle East, Etibank, Euphrates, Ezero culture, Ezra–Nehemiah, Ferrous metallurgy, Francis William Newman, Gal dubsar, Gal gestin, Gal mesedi, Georgians, German Archaeological Institute, Halet Çambel, Hama, Hantili I, Hanyeri relief, Hattians, Hattic language, Hattusa, Hattusili's Civil War, Hayasa-Azzi, Hüseyindede vases, Hemite relief, Hittite art, Hittite cuneiform, Hittite language, Hittite mythology and religion, Hittite plague, Hittitology, Homer, Hugo Winckler, Hurrian language, Hurrians, Hurro-Urartian languages, Huzziya I, Išḫara, Illuyanka, Indigenism, Indo-European languages, Indo-European studies, Indo-Hittite, Iron Age, Ivane Javakhishvili, J. P. Mallory, Jabal (name), Javan, Josephus, Jubal (Bible), Kadesh (Syria), Kartvelian languages, Karum (trade post), Kaskians, Kassite dynasty, Kassites, Kültepe, Kızılırmak River, Kings of Judah, Kittim, Kizzuwatna, Kussara, Labarna I, Language isolate, Laryngeal theory, Late Bronze Age collapse, Lebanon, Leipzig, Levant, Lion of Babylon (statue), List of Hittite kings, List of inscriptions in biblical archaeology, List of kings of Babylon, Logogram, London, Luwian language, Luwians, Mari, Syria, Marriage of state, Max Müller, Maykop culture, Mediterranean Sea, Melid, Mesedi, Mesopotamia, Mesopotamian mythology, Meteorite, Middle Assyrian Empire, Middle East, Miletus, Mitanni, Muršili II, Muršili III, Mursili I, Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Mushki, Muwatalli II, Mycenaean Greece, Near East, Nebuchadnezzar I, Neo-Assyrian Empire, New Kingdom of Egypt, Niğde, Niğde Stele, Nordic Bronze Age, Northwest Caucasian languages, Odyssey, Old Assyrian period, Old Babylonian Empire, Old Europe (archaeology), Orontes River, Pharaoh, Philistia, Philology, Phoenicia, Phrygia, Phrygians, Pitḫana, Polity, Prehistory of Anatolia, Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European mythology, Proto-Indo-Europeans, Puruli, Ramesses II, Rock relief, Samuha, Sapinuwa, Sargon II, Sea Peoples, Shalmaneser I, Shalmaneser III, Shattiwaza, Smelting, Studien zu den Bogazkoy-Texten, Symbol, Syria, Syro-Hittite states, Tabal (state), Tahsin Özgüç, Tarḫuntašša, Tarḫunz, Telepinu Proclamation, Telipinu, Tibareni, Tiglath-Pileser I, Tigris, Tubal, Tudḫaliya I, Tudḫaliya IV, Tudhaliya, Tukulti-Ninurta I, Tularemia, Turkey, Tutankhamun, Upper Mesopotamia, Uriah the Hittite, Warren Cowgill, Wars of the Roses, Weather god, West Asia, William Wright (missionary), World History Encyclopedia, Yamhad, Yazılıkaya, Zalpuwa, Zidanta I, 1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed, 2nd millennium BC.