Table of Contents
203 relations: Action potential, Acupuncture, Acute (medicine), African Americans, Allodynia, Amputation, Analgesic, Anatomical terms of location, Anesthesiology, Anesthetic, Animal, Animal rights, Animal welfare, Anorexia (symptom), Anterior cingulate cortex, Anterior white commissure, Anxiety, Aortic dissection, Argument from poor design, Autonomic nervous system, Avicenna, Bernard Rollin, Biopower, Caffeine, Cancer pain, Catharsis, Central canal, Central pain syndrome, Chronic pain, Circumcision, Citizenship, Cleveland Clinic, Clinical psychology, Clinical significance, Clinical trial, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive flexibility, Colorado State University, Congenital insensitivity to pain, Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis, Coronary artery bypass surgery, Corporal punishment, Defecation, Diabetes, Diabetic neuropathy, Disease, Drug policy, Electric current, Electroencephalography, Emergency department, ... Expand index (153 more) »
- Acute pain
- Nociception
- Suffering
- Symptoms and signs
Action potential
An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine and a component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in which thin needles are inserted into the body.
Acute (medicine)
In medicine, describing a disease as acute denotes that it is of recent onset; it occasionally denotes a short duration.
African Americans
African Americans, also known as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa.
See Pain and African Americans
Allodynia
Allodynia is a condition in which pain is caused by a stimulus that does not normally elicit pain.
Amputation
Amputation is the removal of a limb by trauma, medical illness, or surgery. Pain and Amputation are acute pain.
Analgesic
An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic, antalgic, pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used for pain management.
Anatomical terms of location
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.
See Pain and Anatomical terms of location
Anesthesiology
Anesthesiology or anaesthesiology is the medical specialty concerned with the total perioperative care of patients before, during and after surgery.
Anesthetic
An anesthetic (American English) or anaesthetic (British English; see spelling differences) is a drug used to induce anesthesia — in other words, to result in a temporary loss of sensation or awareness.
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia.
See Pain and Animal
Animal rights
Animal rights is the philosophy according to which many or all sentient animals have moral worth independent of their utility to humans, and that their most basic interests—such as avoiding suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.
Animal welfare
Animal welfare is the well-being of non-human animals.
Anorexia (symptom)
Anorexia is a medical term for a loss of appetite.
See Pain and Anorexia (symptom)
Anterior cingulate cortex
In the human brain, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is the frontal part of the cingulate cortex that resembles a "collar" surrounding the frontal part of the corpus callosum.
See Pain and Anterior cingulate cortex
Anterior white commissure
The anterior white commissure (ventral white commissure) is a bundle of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord just anterior (in front of) to the gray commissure (Rexed lamina X).
See Pain and Anterior white commissure
Anxiety
Anxiety is an emotion which is characterised by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil and includes feelings of dread over anticipated events.
See Pain and Anxiety
Aortic dissection
Aortic dissection (AD) occurs when an injury to the innermost layer of the aorta allows blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall, forcing the layers apart.
See Pain and Aortic dissection
Argument from poor design
The argument from poor design, also known as the dysteleological argument, is an argument against the assumption of the existence of a creator God, based on the reasoning that any omnipotent and omnibenevolent deity or deities would not create organisms with the perceived suboptimal designs that occur in nature.
See Pain and Argument from poor design
Autonomic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system (ANS), sometimes called the visceral nervous system and formerly the vegetative nervous system, is a division of the nervous system that operates internal organs, smooth muscle and glands.
See Pain and Autonomic nervous system
Avicenna
Ibn Sina (translit; – 22 June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna, was a preeminent philosopher and physician of the Muslim world, flourishing during the Islamic Golden Age, serving in the courts of various Iranian rulers.
Bernard Rollin
Bernard Elliot Rollin (February 18, 1943 – November 19, 2021) was an American philosopher, who was emeritus professor of philosophy, animal sciences, and biomedical sciences at Colorado State University.
Biopower
Biopower (or biopouvoir in French), coined by French social theorist Michel Foucault, refers to various means by which modern nation states control their populations.
Caffeine
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.
Cancer pain
Pain in cancer may arise from a tumor compressing or infiltrating nearby body parts; from treatments and diagnostic procedures; or from skin, nerve and other changes caused by a hormone imbalance or immune response.
Catharsis
Catharsis is from the Ancient Greek word κάθαρσις,, meaning "purification" or "cleansing", commonly used to refer to the purification and purgation of thoughts and emotions by way of expressing them.
Central canal
The central canal (also known as spinal foramen or ependymal canal) is the cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs through the spinal cord.
Central pain syndrome
Central pain syndrome, also known as central neuropathic pain, is a neurological condition consisting of constant moderate to severe pain due to damage to the central nervous system (CNS) which causes a sensitization of the pain system.
See Pain and Central pain syndrome
Chronic pain
Chronic pain or chronic pain syndrome is a type of pain that is also known by other titles such as gradual burning pain, electrical pain, throbbing pain, and nauseating pain. Pain and chronic pain are nociception.
Circumcision
Circumcision is a procedure that removes the foreskin from the human penis.
Citizenship
Citizenship is a membership and allegiance to a sovereign state.
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland Clinic is an American nonprofit academic medical center based in Cleveland, Ohio.
Clinical psychology
Clinical psychology is an integration of human science, behavioral science, theory, and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.
See Pain and Clinical psychology
Clinical significance
In medicine and psychology, clinical significance is the practical importance of a treatment effect—whether it has a real genuine, palpable, noticeable effect on daily life.
See Pain and Clinical significance
Clinical trial
Clinical trials are prospective biomedical or behavioral research studies on human participants designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions, including new treatments (such as novel vaccines, drugs, dietary choices, dietary supplements, and medical devices) and known interventions that warrant further study and comparison.
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, primarily depression and anxiety disorders.
See Pain and Cognitive behavioral therapy
Cognitive flexibility
Cognitive flexibility is an intrinsic property of a cognitive system often associated with the mental ability to adjust its activity and content, switch between different task rules and corresponding behavioral responses, maintain multiple concepts simultaneously and shift internal attention between them.
See Pain and Cognitive flexibility
Colorado State University
Colorado State University (Colorado State or CSU) is a public land-grant research university in Fort Collins, Colorado.
See Pain and Colorado State University
Congenital insensitivity to pain
Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP), also known as congenital analgesia, is one or more extraordinarily rare conditions in which a person cannot feel (and has never felt) physical pain.
See Pain and Congenital insensitivity to pain
Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the nervous system which prevents the feeling of pain or temperature and prevents a person from sweating.
See Pain and Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
Coronary artery bypass surgery
Coronary artery bypass surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG, pronounced "cabbage"), is a surgical procedure to treat coronary artery disease (CAD), the buildup of plaques in the arteries of the heart.
See Pain and Coronary artery bypass surgery
Corporal punishment
A corporal punishment or a physical punishment is a punishment which is intended to cause physical pain to a person.
See Pain and Corporal punishment
Defecation
Defecation (or defaecation) follows digestion, and is a necessary process by which organisms eliminate a solid, semisolid, or liquid waste material known as feces from the digestive tract via the anus or cloaca.
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels.
Diabetic neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy is various types of nerve damage associated with diabetes mellitus.
See Pain and Diabetic neuropathy
Disease
A disease is a particular abnormal condition that adversely affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury.
See Pain and Disease
Drug policy
A drug policy is the policy regarding the control and regulation of psychoactive substances (commonly referred to as drugs), particularly those that are addictive or cause physical and mental dependence.
Electric current
An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.
Electroencephalography
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method to record an electrogram of the spontaneous electrical activity of the brain.
See Pain and Electroencephalography
Emergency department
An emergency department (ED), also known as an accident and emergency department (A&E), emergency room (ER), emergency ward (EW) or casualty department, is a medical treatment facility specializing in emergency medicine, the acute care of patients who present without prior appointment; either by their own means or by that of an ambulance.
See Pain and Emergency department
Emotion
Emotions are physical and mental states brought on by neurophysiological changes, variously associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure.
See Pain and Emotion
End-of-life care
End-of-life care (EOLC) is health care provided in the time leading up to a person's death.
Epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population.
Epidural administration
Epidural administration (from Ancient Greek ἐπί, "upon" + dura mater) is a method of medication administration in which a medicine is injected into the epidural space around the spinal cord.
See Pain and Epidural administration
Familial dysautonomia
Familial dysautonomia (FD), also known as Riley-Day syndrome, is a rare, progressive, recessive genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system that affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic, and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
See Pain and Familial dysautonomia
Fascia
A fascia (fasciae or fascias; adjective fascial; from Latin: "band") is a generic term for macroscopic membranous bodily structures. Fasciae are classified as superficial, visceral or deep, and further designated according to their anatomical location.
See Pain and Fascia
Feeling
According to the APA Dictionary of Psychology, a feeling is "a self-contained phenomenal experience"; and feelings are "subjective, evaluative, and independent of the sensations, thoughts, or images evoking them".
See Pain and Feeling
Fentanyl
Fentanyl is a highly potent synthetic piperidine opioid primarily used as an analgesic. It is 20 to 40 times more potent than heroin and 100 times more potent than morphine; its primary clinical utility is in pain management for cancer patients and those recovering from painful surgeries. Fentanyl is also used as a sedative.
Frailty syndrome
Frailty is a common and clinically significant grouping of symptoms that occurs in aging and older adults.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.
See Pain and Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Gate control theory
The gate control theory of pain asserts that non-painful input closes the nerve "gates" to painful input, which prevents pain sensation from traveling to the central nervous system.
See Pain and Gate control theory
General practitioner
A general practitioner (GP) or family physician is a doctor who is a consultant in general practice.
See Pain and General practitioner
Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Group A nerve fiber
Group A nerve fibers are one of the three classes of nerve fiber as generally classified by Erlanger and Gasser. Pain and Group A nerve fiber are sensory systems.
See Pain and Group A nerve fiber
Group C nerve fiber
Group C nerve fibers are one of three classes of nerve fiber in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Pain and Group C nerve fiber are sensory systems.
See Pain and Group C nerve fiber
Hedonic treadmill
The hedonic treadmill, also known as hedonic adaptation, is the observed tendency of humans to quickly return to a relatively stable level of happiness despite major positive or negative events or life changes. Pain and hedonic treadmill are suffering.
See Pain and Hedonic treadmill
Henry Head
Sir Henry Head, FRS (4 August 1861 – 8 October 1940) was an English neurologist who conducted pioneering work into the somatosensory system and sensory nerves.
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) or hereditary sensory neuropathy (HSN) is a condition used to describe any of the types of this disease which inhibit sensation.
See Pain and Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
Hippocrates
Hippocrates of Kos (Hippokrátēs ho Kôios), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician and philosopher of the classical period who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine.
Hispanic and Latino Americans
Hispanic and Latino Americans (Estadounidenses hispanos y latinos; Estadunidenses hispânicos e latinos) are Americans of full or partial Spanish and/or Latin American background, culture, or family origin.
See Pain and Hispanic and Latino Americans
Homeostatic feeling
Homeostatic feeling is a class of feelings (e.g. thirst, fatigue, pain, desire, malaise, well-being) that inform us about our physiological condition.
See Pain and Homeostatic feeling
Hospice and palliative medicine
In 2006, hospice and palliative medicine was officially recognized by the American Board of Medical Specialties, and is co-sponsored by the American Boards of.
See Pain and Hospice and palliative medicine
Human rights
Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,.
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.
See Pain and Human Rights Watch
Hypnotherapy
Hypnotherapy, also known as hypnotic medicine, is the use of hypnosis in psychotherapy.
Hypochondriasis
Hypochondriasis or hypochondria is a condition in which a person is excessively and unduly worried about having a serious illness.
Hysteria
Hysteria is a term used to mean ungovernable emotional excess and can refer to a temporary state of mind or emotion.
Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation.
Idiopathic disease
An idiopathic disease is any disease with an unknown cause or mechanism of apparent spontaneous origin.
See Pain and Idiopathic disease
Incision and drainage
Incision and drainage (I&D), also known as clinical lancing, are minor surgical procedures to release pus or pressure built up under the skin, such as from an abscess, boil, or infected paranasal sinus.
See Pain and Incision and drainage
Inflammation
Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
Insular cortex
The insular cortex (also insula and insular lobe) is a portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus (the fissure separating the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobes) within each hemisphere of the mammalian brain.
Intensive care unit
An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive care medicine.
See Pain and Intensive care unit
International Association for the Study of Pain
The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) is an international learned society promoting research, education, and policies for the understanding, prevention, and treatment of pain.
See Pain and International Association for the Study of Pain
Intramuscular injection
Intramuscular injection, often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into a muscle.
See Pain and Intramuscular injection
Iodine
Iodine is a chemical element; it has symbol I and atomic number 53.
See Pain and Iodine
Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.
Ischemia
Ischemia or ischaemia is a restriction in blood supply to any tissue, muscle group, or organ of the body, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive).
Kenneth L. Casey
Kenneth Lyman Casey (born 1935) is professor emeritus of neurology and professor emeritus of molecular and integrative physiology at the University of Michigan, and consultant in neurology at the Ann Arbor Veteran's Affairs Medical Center.
Ketamine
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic used medically for induction and maintenance of anesthesia.
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
See Pain and Latin
Leprosy
Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis.
See Pain and Leprosy
Life expectancy
Human life expectancy is a statistical measure of the estimate of the average remaining years of life at a given age.
Local anesthetic
A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes unconsciousness.
Low back pain
Low back pain or '''lumbago''' is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back, in between the lower edge of the ribs and the lower fold of the buttocks.
Margo McCaffery
Margo McCaffery was an American registered nurse and pioneer of the field of pain management nursing.
Maximilian von Frey
Maximilian (Max) Ruppert Franz von Frey (16 November 1852 – 25 January 1932) was an Austrian-German physiologist who was born in Salzburg.
See Pain and Maximilian von Frey
McGill Pain Questionnaire
The McGill Pain Questionnaire, also known as McGill Pain Index, is a scale of rating pain developed at McGill University by Melzack and Torgerson in 1971.
See Pain and McGill Pain Questionnaire
Medical specialty
A medical specialty is a branch of medical practice that is focused on a defined group of patients, diseases, skills, or philosophy.
See Pain and Medical specialty
Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis is the statistical combination of the results of multiple studies addressing a similar research question.
Metre per second
The metre per second is the unit of both speed (a scalar quantity) and velocity (a vector quantity, which has direction and magnitude) in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the speed of a body covering a distance of one metre in a time of one second.
Mimosa pudica
Mimosa pudica (also called sensitive plant, sleepy plant, action plant, humble plant, touch-me-not, touch-and-die, or shameplant) is a creeping annual or perennial flowering plant of the pea/legume family Fabaceae.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology.
See Pain and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Mirror therapy
Mirror therapy (MT) or mirror visual feedback (MVF) is a therapy for pain or disability that affects one side of the patient more than the other side.
Morphine
Morphine, formerly also called morphia, is an opiate that is found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin produced by drying the latex of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum).
Myelin
Myelin is a lipid-rich material that surrounds nerve cell axons (the nervous system's electrical wires) to insulate them and increase the rate at which electrical impulses (called action potentials) pass along the axon.
See Pain and Myelin
Myocardial infarction
A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle. Pain and myocardial infarction are acute pain.
See Pain and Myocardial infarction
Negative affectivity
Negative affectivity (NA), or negative affect, is a personality variable that involves the experience of negative emotions and poor self-concept. Pain and negative affectivity are suffering.
See Pain and Negative affectivity
Nervous system
In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
Neurology
Neurology (from νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves.
Neuron
A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.
See Pain and Neuron
Neuroticism
Neuroticism is a personality trait associated with negative emotions.
Nociception
In physiology, nociception (/ˌnəʊsɪˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/), also nocioception) is the sensory nervous system's process of encoding noxious stimuli. It deals with a series of events and processes required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal to trigger an appropriate defensive response. Pain and nociception are acute pain and sensory systems.
Nociceptor
A nociceptor is a sensory neuron that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending "possible threat" signals to the spinal cord and the brain. Pain and nociceptor are nociception.
Nonverbal communication
Nonverbal communication is the transmission of messages or signals through a nonverbal platform such as eye contact (oculesics), body language (kinesics), social distance (proxemics), touch (haptics), voice (paralanguage), physical environments/appearance, and use of objects.
See Pain and Nonverbal communication
Noxious stimulus
A noxious stimulus is a stimulus strong enough to threaten the body's integrity (i.e. cause damage to tissue). Pain and noxious stimulus are nociception and sensory systems.
Nurse practitioner
A nurse practitioner (NP) is an advanced practice registered nurse and a type of mid-level practitioner.
See Pain and Nurse practitioner
Occupational therapist
Occupational therapists (OTs) are health care professionals specializing in occupational therapy and occupational science.
See Pain and Occupational therapist
Old French
Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; ancien français) was the language spoken in most of the northern half of France approximately between the late 8th and the mid-14th century.
Opioid
Opioids are a class of drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant.
See Pain and Opioid
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) or opioid-induced abnormal pain sensitivity, also called paradoxical hyperalgesia, is an uncommon condition of generalized pain caused by the long-term use of high dosages of opioids such as morphine, oxycodone, and methadone.
See Pain and Opioid-induced hyperalgesia
Opponent-process theory
Opponent-process theory is a psychological and neurological model that accounts for a wide range of behaviors, including color vision.
See Pain and Opponent-process theory
Organ (biology)
In a multicellular organism, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.
Organism
An organism is defined in a medical dictionary as any living thing that functions as an individual.
Osteomalacia
Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by the softening of the bones caused by impaired bone metabolism primarily due to inadequate levels of available phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D, or because of resorption of calcium.
Pain (philosophy)
Philosophy of pain may be about suffering in general or more specifically about physical pain.
See Pain and Pain (philosophy)
Pain and suffering
Pain and suffering is the legal term for the physical and emotional stress caused from an injury (see also pain and suffering).
See Pain and Pain and suffering
Pain compliance
Pain compliance is the use of painful stimulus to control or direct an organism.
Pain in babies
Pain in babies, and whether babies feel pain, has been a large subject of debate within the medical profession for centuries. Pain and pain in babies are nociception.
Pain management
Pain management is an aspect of medicine and health care involving relief of pain (pain relief, analgesia, pain control) in various dimensions, from acute and simple to chronic and challenging. Pain and pain management are acute pain.
Pain tolerance
Pain tolerance is the maximum level of pain that a person is able to tolerate.
Paraplegia
Paraplegia, or paraparesis, is an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities.
Parliament of Canada
The Parliament of Canada (Parlement du Canada) is the federal legislature of Canada, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, and is composed of three parts: the King, the Senate, and the House of Commons.
See Pain and Parliament of Canada
Patrick D. Wall (scientist)
Patrick David Wall (25 April 1925 – 8 August 2001) was a British neuroscientist described as 'the world's leading expert on pain' and best known for the gate control theory of pain.
See Pain and Patrick D. Wall (scientist)
Pelvic girdle pain
Pelvic girdle pain (abbreviated PGP) can be described as a pregnancy discomfort for some women and a severe disability for others.
See Pain and Pelvic girdle pain
Peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of two components that make up the nervous system of bilateral animals, with the other part being the central nervous system (CNS).
See Pain and Peripheral nervous system
Peripheral neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy, often shortened to neuropathy, refers to damage or disease affecting the nerves.
See Pain and Peripheral neuropathy
Phantom pain
Phantom pain is a painful perception that an individual experiences relating to a limb or an organ that is not physically part of the body, either because it was removed or was never there in the first place.
Physical medicine and rehabilitation
Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R), also known as physiatry, is a branch of medicine that aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to people with physical impairments or disabilities.
See Pain and Physical medicine and rehabilitation
Physical therapy
Physical therapy (PT), also known as physiotherapy, is a healthcare profession, as well as the care provided by physical therapists who promote, maintain, or restore health through patient education, physical intervention, disease prevention, and health promotion.
Physician
A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.
Physician assistant
A Physician Assistant or Physician Associate (PA) is a type of healthcare professional.
See Pain and Physician assistant
Placebo
A placebo is a substance or treatment which is designed to have no therapeutic value.
See Pain and Placebo
Plant
Plants are the eukaryotes that form the kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly photosynthetic.
See Pain and Plant
Posterior grey column
The posterior grey column (posterior cornu, dorsal horn, spinal dorsal horn, posterior horn, sensory horn) is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord.
See Pain and Posterior grey column
Posterolateral tract
The posterolateral tract (fasciculus of Lissauer, Lissauer's tract, tract of Lissauer, dorsolateral fasciculus, dorsolateral tract, zone of Lissauer) is a small strand situated in relation to the tip of the posterior column close to the entrance of the posterior nerve roots.
See Pain and Posterolateral tract
Postherpetic neuralgia
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is neuropathic pain that occurs due to damage to a peripheral nerve caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (herpes zoster, also known as shingles).
See Pain and Postherpetic neuralgia
Prescription drug
A prescription drug (also prescription medication, prescription medicine or prescription-only medication) is a pharmaceutical drug that is permitted to be dispensed only to those with a medical prescription.
See Pain and Prescription drug
Preterm birth
Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age, as opposed to full-term delivery at approximately 40 weeks.
Prevalence
In epidemiology, prevalence is the proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition (typically a disease or a risk factor such as smoking or seatbelt use) at a specific time.
Primary somatosensory cortex
In neuroanatomy, the primary somatosensory cortex is located in the postcentral gyrus of the brain's parietal lobe, and is part of the somatosensory system.
See Pain and Primary somatosensory cortex
Psychiatry
Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of deleterious mental conditions.
Psychodynamics
Psychodynamics, also known as psychodynamic psychology, in its broadest sense, is an approach to psychology that emphasizes systematic study of the psychological forces underlying human behavior, feelings, and emotions and how they might relate to early experience.
Psychogenic pain
Psychogenic pain is physical pain that is caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors, without evidence of physical injury or illness.
Psychological pain
Psychological pain, mental pain, or emotional pain is an unpleasant feeling (a suffering) of a psychological, non-physical origin. Pain and psychological pain are suffering.
See Pain and Psychological pain
Psychosocial
The psychosocial approach looks at individuals in the context of the combined influence that psychological factors and the surrounding social environment have on their physical and mental wellness and their ability to function.
Psychosurgery
Psychosurgery, also called neurosurgery for mental disorder (NMD), is the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorders.
Quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".
Quantitative sensory testing
Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a panel of diagnostic tests used to assess somatosensory function, in the context of research and as a supplemental tool in the diagnosis of somatosensory disorders, including pain insensitivity, painless and painful neuropathy.
See Pain and Quantitative sensory testing
Range of motion
Range of motion (or ROM) is the linear or angular distance that a moving object may normally travel while properly attached to another.
Referred pain
Referred pain, also called reflective pain, is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus.
René Descartes
René Descartes (or;; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints.
See Pain and Rheumatoid arthritis
Richard Dawkins
Richard Dawkins (born 26 March 1941) is a British evolutionary biologist, zoologist, and author.
Ronald Melzack
Ronald Melzack (July 19, 1929 – December 22, 2019) was a Canadian psychologist and professor of psychology at McGill University.
Saline (medicine)
Saline (also known as saline solution) is a mixture of sodium chloride (salt) and water.
See Pain and Saline (medicine)
Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
See Pain and Science (journal)
Secondary somatosensory cortex
The human secondary somatosensory cortex (S2, SII) is a region of sensory cortex in the parietal operculum on the ceiling of the lateral sulcus.
See Pain and Secondary somatosensory cortex
Self-care
Self-care has been defined as the process of establishing behaviors to ensure holistic well-being of oneself, to promote health, and actively manage illness when it occurs.
Self-esteem
Self-esteem is confidence in one's own worth, abilities, or morals.
Self-flagellation
Self-flagellation is the disciplinary and devotional practice of flogging oneself with whips or other instruments that inflict pain.
See Pain and Self-flagellation
Sense
A sense is a biological system used by an organism for sensation, the process of gathering information about the surroundings through the detection of stimuli. Pain and sense are sensory systems.
See Pain and Sense
Sensory nervous system
The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information. Pain and sensory nervous system are sensory systems.
See Pain and Sensory nervous system
Sex differences in humans
Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields.
See Pain and Sex differences in humans
Social behavior
Social behavior is behavior among two or more organisms within the same species, and encompasses any behavior in which one member affects the other.
Social support
Social support is the perception and actuality that one is cared for, has assistance available from other people, and most popularly, that one is part of a supportive social network.
Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9
Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9 (also Nav1.7) is a sodium ion channel that in humans is encoded by the SCN9A gene.
See Pain and Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9
Somatosensory system
The somatosensory system is a subset of the sensory nervous system responsible for the perception of touch. Pain and somatosensory system are sensory systems.
See Pain and Somatosensory system
Spinal cord injury
A spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function.
See Pain and Spinal cord injury
Spinal manipulation
Spinal manipulation is an intervention performed on synovial joints of the spine, including the z-joints, the atlanto-occipital, atlanto-axial, lumbosacral, sacroiliac, costotransverse and costovertebral joints.
See Pain and Spinal manipulation
Spinothalamic tract
The spinothalamic tract is a nerve tract in the anterolateral system in the spinal cord. Pain and spinothalamic tract are sensory systems.
See Pain and Spinothalamic tract
Sprain
A sprain is a soft tissue injury of the ligaments within a joint, often caused by a sudden movement abruptly forcing the joint to exceed its functional range of motion.
See Pain and Sprain
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) is a freely available online philosophy resource published and maintained by Stanford University, encompassing both an online encyclopedia of philosophy and peer-reviewed original publication.
See Pain and Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Sucrose
Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits.
See Pain and Sucrose
Suggestion
Suggestion is the psychological process by which a person guides their own or another person's desired thoughts, feelings, and behaviors by presenting stimuli that may elicit them as reflexes instead of relying on conscious effort.
Supernormal stimulus
A supernormal stimulus or superstimulus is an exaggerated version of a stimulus to which there is an existing response tendency, or any stimulus that elicits a response more strongly than the stimulus for which it evolved.
See Pain and Supernormal stimulus
Suspension (body modification)
Body suspension means the act of rigging a human body to hang from implements that have been placed through temporary perforations in the skin.
See Pain and Suspension (body modification)
Thalamus
The thalamus (thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral walls of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain). Pain and thalamus are sensory systems.
The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution
The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution is a 2009 book by British biologist Richard Dawkins, which was released on 3 September 2009 in the UK and on 22 September 2009 in the US.
See Pain and The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution
Threshold of pain
The threshold of pain or pain threshold is the point along a curve of increasing perception of a stimulus at which pain begins to be felt.
See Pain and Threshold of pain
Torture
Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, intimidating third parties, or entertainment. Pain and Torture are suffering.
See Pain and Torture
Treason
Treason is the crime of attacking a state authority to which one owes allegiance.
See Pain and Treason
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN or TGN), also called Fothergill disease, tic douloureux, trifacial neuralgia, or suicide disease, is a long-term pain disorder that affects the trigeminal nerve, the nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.
See Pain and Trigeminal neuralgia
Ulnar nerve
The ulnar nerve is a nerve that runs near the ulna, one of the two long bones in the forearm.
Urination
Urination is the release of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
Venipuncture
In medicine, venipuncture or venepuncture is the process of obtaining intravenous access for the purpose of venous blood sampling (also called phlebotomy) or intravenous therapy.
Venus flytrap
The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a carnivorous plant native to the temperate and subtropical wetlands of North Carolina and South Carolina, on the East Coast of the United States.
Visceral pain
Visceral pain is pain that results from the activation of nociceptors of the thoracic, pelvic, or abdominal viscera (organs).
Vitalism
Vitalism is a belief that starts from the premise that "living organisms are fundamentally different from non-living entities because they contain some non-physical element or are governed by different principles than are inanimate things." Where vitalism explicitly invokes a vital principle, that element is often referred to as the "vital spark", "energy", "élan vital" (coined by vitalist Henri Bergson), "vital force", or "vis vitalis", which some equate with the soul.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and for many other biological effects.
Wide dynamic range neuron
The wide dynamic range (WDR) neuron was first discovered by Mendell in 1966.
See Pain and Wide dynamic range neuron
Working memory
Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily.
Wrist pain
An illustration of wrist pain Wrist pain or open wrist is a syndrome inhibiting use of a hand due to pain in anatomical structures of the wrist.
See also
Acute pain
- Abdominal pain
- Acute muscle soreness
- Amputation
- Analgesic adjuvant
- Angina
- Appendicitis
- Biliary dyskinesia
- Bone fracture
- Burn
- Colic
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Emergency childbirth
- Encephalitis
- Esophagitis
- Fecal impaction
- Gastrointestinal perforation
- Hemorrhoid
- Hernia
- Injury in humans
- Kidney stone disease
- Major trauma
- Meningitis
- Myocardial infarction
- Nociception
- Occult fracture
- Open fracture
- Pain
- Pain management
- Pain management during childbirth
- Penile fracture
- Peptic ulcer disease
- Physical abuse
- Postpartum physiological changes
- Rape
- Testicular pain
- Tooth decay
- Urinary retention
- Uterine perforation
- Uterine rupture
- Vaginal trauma
- Wisdom tooth
- Wound
Nociception
- Analgesic adjuvant
- Chronic pain
- Enkephalinase
- Equianalgesic
- Grimace scale
- Nociception
- Nociception assay
- Nociceptor
- Noxious stimulus
- Opioid rotation
- PF-4840154
- Pain
- Pain in animals
- Pain in babies
- Pain ladder
- Pelvic pain
- Prenatal perception
Suffering
- Abandonment (emotional)
- Analgesic adjuvant
- Broken heart
- Charter for Compassion
- Compassion
- Concept creep
- Cruelty
- Duḥkha
- Dystopia
- Dystopias
- Edifying Discourses in Diverse Spirits
- Eradication of suffering
- Existential crisis
- Grimace scale
- Half-hanging
- Hedonic treadmill
- Indian burn
- Intentional infliction of emotional distress
- Meanness
- Melancholia
- Mental disorder
- Moral injury
- Negative affectivity
- Negligent infliction of emotional distress
- Nirodha
- Pain
- Pitchcapping
- Positive and Negative Affect Schedule
- Psychological pain
- Redemptive suffering
- Sehnsucht
- Subjective well-being
- Suffering
- Suffering risks
- Suffering-focused ethics
- Thought-action fusion
- Torture
- Unethical human experimentation in the United States
- Weltschmerz
Symptoms and signs
- Abdominal aura
- Abnormal basal metabolic rate
- Alcohol intolerance
- Allergic response
- Body load
- Calcinosis
- Calculus (medicine)
- Chattering teeth
- Chills
- Cold chill
- Cold sensitivity
- Dehydration
- Delayed milestone
- Dryness (medical)
- Dysbiosis
- Dyssynergia
- Esthiomene
- Failure to thrive
- Fever
- Fibrosis
- Fistula
- Headache
- Heat intolerance
- Idiopathic short stature
- Lipoatrophy
- Malaise
- Mazzotti reaction
- Medical signs
- Monoplegia
- Neonatal seizure
- Nipple discharge
- Organ failure
- Pain
- Paresis
- Penile discharge
- Proarrhythmia
- Protein toxicity
- Rosette (schizont appearance)
- Seizure
- Sham rage
- Short stature
- Signs and symptoms of cancer
- Symptoms
- Ureterovaginal fistula
- Wasting
- Weight gain
- Weight loss
- Xerostomia
References
Also known as Ache (sensation), Aches and pains, Acute pain, Algesis, Body-self neuro-matrix, Breakthrough pain, Chornic postoperative pain, Chronic benign pain, Dimensions of pain, Excruciate, Excruciating, Excruciation, Gate control, Gate control hypothesis, Gate theory of pain, Incident pain, Multidimensional Pain Inventory, Nociceptive pain, Non-organic pain, Pain (biological), Pain (biology), Pain (physical), Pain and nociception, Pain physiology, Pain sensation, Pain sense, Pain signal, Pain signals, Pain theory, Painful, Painfulness, Painless, Persistent postoperative pain, Physical pain, Physiological pain, Physiology of pain, Postoperative pain, Rhitzopathy, Rhizopathy, Soreness, Types of pain.
, Emotion, End-of-life care, Epidemiology, Epidural administration, Familial dysautonomia, Fascia, Feeling, Fentanyl, Frailty syndrome, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Gate control theory, General practitioner, Greek language, Group A nerve fiber, Group C nerve fiber, Hedonic treadmill, Henry Head, Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, Hippocrates, Hispanic and Latino Americans, Homeostatic feeling, Hospice and palliative medicine, Human rights, Human Rights Watch, Hypnotherapy, Hypochondriasis, Hysteria, Ibuprofen, Idiopathic disease, Incision and drainage, Inflammation, Insular cortex, Intensive care unit, International Association for the Study of Pain, Intramuscular injection, Iodine, Ion channel, Ischemia, Kenneth L. Casey, Ketamine, Latin, Leprosy, Life expectancy, Local anesthetic, Low back pain, Margo McCaffery, Maximilian von Frey, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Medical specialty, Meta-analysis, Metre per second, Mimosa pudica, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Mirror therapy, Morphine, Myelin, Myocardial infarction, Negative affectivity, Nervous system, Neurology, Neuron, Neuroticism, Nociception, Nociceptor, Nonverbal communication, Noxious stimulus, Nurse practitioner, Occupational therapist, Old French, Opioid, Opioid-induced hyperalgesia, Opponent-process theory, Organ (biology), Organism, Osteomalacia, Pain (philosophy), Pain and suffering, Pain compliance, Pain in babies, Pain management, Pain tolerance, Paraplegia, Parliament of Canada, Patrick D. Wall (scientist), Pelvic girdle pain, Peripheral nervous system, Peripheral neuropathy, Phantom pain, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Physical therapy, Physician, Physician assistant, Placebo, Plant, Posterior grey column, Posterolateral tract, Postherpetic neuralgia, Prescription drug, Preterm birth, Prevalence, Primary somatosensory cortex, Psychiatry, Psychodynamics, Psychogenic pain, Psychological pain, Psychosocial, Psychosurgery, Quality of life, Quantitative sensory testing, Range of motion, Referred pain, René Descartes, Rheumatoid arthritis, Richard Dawkins, Ronald Melzack, Saline (medicine), Science (journal), Secondary somatosensory cortex, Self-care, Self-esteem, Self-flagellation, Sense, Sensory nervous system, Sex differences in humans, Social behavior, Social support, Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9, Somatosensory system, Spinal cord injury, Spinal manipulation, Spinothalamic tract, Sprain, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Sucrose, Suggestion, Supernormal stimulus, Suspension (body modification), Thalamus, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution, Threshold of pain, Torture, Treason, Trigeminal neuralgia, Ulnar nerve, Urination, Venipuncture, Venus flytrap, Visceral pain, Vitalism, Vitamin D, Wide dynamic range neuron, Working memory, Wrist pain.