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Indian classical music

Index Indian classical music

Indian classical music is a genre of South Asian music. [1]

110 relations: Adi tala, Akbar, Alap, Arabic maqam, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar, Bansuri, Bhakti, Bhakti movement, Bharata Muni, Brihaddeshi, Bruno Nettl, Buddhism, Carnatic music, Classical music, Dastgah, Dattilam, Delhi Sultanate, Dhrupad, Ellora Caves, Equal temperament, Esraj, Gayatri Mantra, Ghatam, Gottuvadhyam, Gwalior, Hampi, Heptatonic scale, Herat, Hexatonic scale, Hinduism, Hindustani classical music, Hymn, Indian classical dance, Islam, Jainism, Jhala, Jor (music), Just intonation, Kanjira, Khyal, Krishna, Kriti, Li Yannian (musician), List of classical and art music traditions, List of Indian classical music festivals, List of Ragas in Hindustani classical music, Maharashtra, Melakarta, Mridangam, Muthuswami Dikshitar, ..., Nadaswaram, Natya Shastra, Nazir Jairazbhoy, Nepal, Nirukta, North India, Oxford University Press, Pakhavaj, Pallavi, Pentatonic scale, Persian traditional music, Pump organ, Puranas, Purandara Dasa, Qajar dynasty, Raga, Rama Navami, Relief, Rigveda, Rudra veena, Samaveda, Sangita Ratnakara, Santoor, Sarangadeva, Sarangi, Sarod, Semitone, Shehnai, Sitar, Solfège, South Asia, South India, SPIC MACAY, String instrument, Subbalakshmi, Surbahar, Svara, Syama Sastri, T. Viswanathan, Tabla, Tala (music), Tanpura, Tansen, Tarana, Teental, Tehran, Thaat, The Raga Guide, Thumri, Tyagaraja, Varnam, Vedanga, Vedas, Veena, Venu, Vijayanagara Empire, Violin, Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, Vittal, Yāska. Expand index (60 more) »

Adi tala

Adi talam (Sanskrit ādi tālà आदि ताल, literally "primary clap"/"primary rhythm" also spelled aadi taala, adi talam) is the name of one of the most popular tala or rhythms used in Carnatic Music.

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Akbar

Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (15 October 1542– 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar I, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605.

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Alap

The alap is the opening section of a typical North Indian classical performance.

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Arabic maqam

Arabic maqam (maqām, literally "place"; مقامات) is the system of melodic modes used in traditional Arabic music, which is mainly melodic.

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Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar

Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar (1890– January 23, 1967), popularly known as Ariyakudi, was a Carnatic music vocalist, born in Ariyakudi, a town in Ramanathapuram (present-day Sivaganga) district of Tamil Nadu.

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Bansuri

A bansuri is a side blown flute found in many parts of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal, and a musical instrument that is common in the North Indian or Hindustani classical music.

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Bhakti

Bhakti (भक्ति) literally means "attachment, participation, fondness for, homage, faith, love, devotion, worship, purity".

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Bhakti movement

The Bhakti movement refers to the theistic devotional trend that emerged in medieval Hinduism and later revolutionised in Sikhism.

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Bharata Muni

Bharata Muni was an ancient Indian theatrologist and musicologist who wrote the Natya Shastra, a theoretical treatise on ancient Indian dramaturgy and histrionics, especially Sanskrit theatre.

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Brihaddeshi

Brihaddeshi is a Classical Sanskrit (dated ca. 6th to 8th century) text on Indian classical music, attributed to Matanga Muni.

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Bruno Nettl

Bruno Nettl (b. Prague, Czechoslovakia, 14 March 1930) is an ethnomusicologist and musicologist.

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Carnatic music

Carnatic music, Karnāṭaka saṃgīta or Karnāṭaka saṅgītam is a system of music commonly associated with southern India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, as well as Sri Lanka.

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Classical music

Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.

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Dastgah

Dastgāh (دستگاه) is a musical modal system in traditional Persian art music.

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Dattilam

Dattilam is an ancient Indian musical text ascribed to the sage (muni) Dattila.

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Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate (Persian:دهلی سلطان, Urdu) was a Muslim sultanate based mostly in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526).

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Dhrupad

Dhrupad is a genre in Hindustani classical music.

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Ellora Caves

Ellora (\e-ˈlȯr-ə\, IAST), located in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India, is one of the largest rock-cut monastery-temple cave complexes in the world, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, featuring Buddhist, Hindu and Jain monuments, and artwork, dating from the 600-1000 CE period.

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Equal temperament

An equal temperament is a musical temperament, or a system of tuning, in which the frequency interval between every pair of adjacent notes has the same ratio.

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Esraj

Esraj is an Indian stringed instrument found in two forms throughout the Indian subcontinent.

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Gayatri Mantra

The Gāyatrī Mantra, also known as the Sāvitrī mantra, is a highly revered mantra from the Rig Veda (Mandala 3.62.10), dedicated to Savitr, the sun deity.

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Ghatam

The Ghatam (घटः ghatah, கடம் ghatam, ಘಟ ghata, ఘటం ghatam, ഘടം, ghatam) is a percussion instrument used in the Carnatic music of South India.

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Gottuvadhyam

The chitravina (also known as chitra veena, chitraveena, chitra vina, hanumad vina, or mahanataka vina) is a 20 or 21-string fretless lute in Carnatic music.

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Gwalior

Gwalior is a major and the northern-most city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and one of the Counter-magnet cities.

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Hampi

Hampi, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in east-central Karnataka, India.

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Heptatonic scale

A heptatonic scale is a musical scale that has seven pitches per octave.

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Herat

Herat (هرات,Harât,Herât; هرات; Ἀλεξάνδρεια ἡ ἐν Ἀρίοις, Alexándreia hē en Aríois; Alexandria Ariorum) is the third-largest city of Afghanistan.

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Hexatonic scale

In music and music theory, a hexatonic scale is a scale with six pitches or notes per octave.

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Hinduism

Hinduism is an Indian religion and dharma, or a way of life, widely practised in the Indian subcontinent.

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Hindustani classical music

Hindustani classical music is the traditional music of northern areas of the Indian subcontinent, including the modern states of India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan.

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Hymn

A hymn is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification.

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Indian classical dance

Indian classical dance, or Shastriya Nritya, is an umbrella term for various performance arts rooted in religious Hindu musical theatre styles,, Quote: All of the dances considered to be part of the Indian classical canon (Bharata Natyam, Chhau, Kathak, Kathakali, Manipuri, Mohiniattam, Odissi, Sattriya and Yakshagana) trace their roots to religious practices (...) the Indian diaspora has led to the translocation of Hindu dances to Europe, North America and the world." whose theory and practice can be traced to the Sanskrit text Natya Shastra.

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Jainism

Jainism, traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.

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Jhala

Jhala (Hindi: झाला) is a term in Hindustani classical music which denotes the fast-paced conclusions of classical compositions or raga.

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Jor (music)

In Indian music, the jor (Hindi: जोर,; also spelled jod and jhor) is a formal section of composition in the long elaboration (alap) of a raga that forms the beginning of a performance.

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Just intonation

In music, just intonation (sometimes abbreviated as JI) or pure intonation is any musical tuning in which the frequencies of notes are related by ratios of small whole numbers.

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Kanjira

The kanjira, khanjira, khanjiri or ganjira, a South Indian frame drum, is an instrument of the tambourine family.

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Khyal

Khyal or Khayal is the modern genre of classical singing in North India.

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Krishna

Krishna (Kṛṣṇa) is a major deity in Hinduism.

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Kriti

Kriti (Sanskrit: कृति, krti) is a format of musical composition typical to Carnatic music.

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Li Yannian (musician)

Li Yannian (died 82 BC) was a Chinese musician during the Han Dynasty.

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List of classical and art music traditions

"Classical music" and "art music" are terms that have been used to refer to music of different cultural origins and traditions.

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List of Indian classical music festivals

The following is an incomplete list of Indian classical music festivals, which encapsulates music festivals focused on Indian classical music.

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List of Ragas in Hindustani classical music

This is a list of ragas in Hindustani classical music.

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Maharashtra

Maharashtra (abbr. MH) is a state in the western region of India and is India's second-most populous state and third-largest state by area.

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Melakarta

Mēḷakarta is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music).

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Mridangam

The Mridangam is a percussion instrument from India of ancient origin.

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Muthuswami Dikshitar

Muthuswami HARSH (muddusvami dikshita in Telugu and Kannada) (March 24, 1775 – October 21, 1835) was a South Indian poet and composer and is one of the musical trinity of Carnatic music.

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Nadaswaram

The nadhaswaram, nagaswaram, or nathaswaram is a double reed wind instrument from Tamilnadu.

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Natya Shastra

The Nāṭya Śāstra (Sanskrit: नाट्य शास्त्र, Nāṭyaśāstra) is a Sanskrit Hindu text on the performing arts.

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Nazir Jairazbhoy

Nazir Ali Jairazbhoy (October 31, 1928 – June 20, 2009) was a professor of folk and classical music of South Asia at the University of California at Los Angeles, where he was the founding chair of the Department of Ethnomusicology and Systematic Musicology.

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Nepal

Nepal (नेपाल), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल), is a landlocked country in South Asia located mainly in the Himalayas but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

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Nirukta

Nirukta (निरुक्त) means "explained, interpreted" and refers to one of the six ancient Vedangas, or ancillary science connected with the Vedas – the scriptures of Hinduism.

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North India

North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Pakhavaj

The pakhawaj or mridang is an Indian barrel-shaped, two-headed drum, a variant and descendant of the older mridang.

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Pallavi

A pallavi is the thematic line of a song in carnatic music.

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Pentatonic scale

A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to the more familiar heptatonic scale that has seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and minor scale).

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Persian traditional music

Persian traditional music or Iranian traditional music, also known as Persian classical music or Iranian classical music, refers to the classical music of Iran (also known as Persia).

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Pump organ

The pump organ, reed organ, harmonium, or melodeon is a type of free-reed organ that generates sound as air flows past a vibrating piece of thin metal in a frame.

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Puranas

The Puranas (singular: पुराण), are ancient Hindu texts eulogizing various deities, primarily the divine Trimurti God in Hinduism through divine stories.

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Purandara Dasa

Purandara Dāsa (ಪುರಂದರ ದಾಸ) (1484–1564) was a Haridasa (a devotee - servant of Lord Hari (Vishnu)), great devotee of Lord Krishna (an incarnation of Lord Vishnu) and a saint.

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Qajar dynasty

The Qajar dynasty (سلسله قاجار; also Romanised as Ghajar, Kadjar, Qachar etc.; script Qacarlar) was an IranianAbbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3 royal dynasty of Turkic origin,Cyrus Ghani.

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Raga

A raga or raaga (IAST: rāga; also raag or ragam; literally "coloring, tingeing, dyeing") is a melodic framework for improvisation akin to a melodic mode in Indian classical music.

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Rama Navami

Rama Navami (Devanagari: राम नवमी; IAST) is a spring Hindu festival that celebrates the birthday of god Rama.

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Relief

Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material.

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Rigveda

The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेद, from "praise" and "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns along with associated commentaries on liturgy, ritual and mystical exegesis.

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Rudra veena

The rudra veena (also spelled rudra vina, रुद्रवीणा, রুদ্রবীণা), and also called bīn (Hindi: बीन in North India), is a large plucked string instrument used in Hindustani classical music, one of the major types of veena played in Indian classical music.

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Samaveda

The Samaveda (Sanskrit: सामवेद, sāmaveda, from "song" and "knowledge"), is the Veda of melodies and chants.

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Sangita Ratnakara

The Sangita-Ratnakara, सङ्गीतरत्नाकर, (IAST: Saṅgīta ratnākara), literally "Ocean of Music and Dance", is one of the most important Sanskrit musicological texts from India.

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Santoor

The santoor is an Indo-Persian trapezoid-shaped hammered dulcimer or string musical instrument generally made of walnut, usually with seventy-two strings.

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Sarangadeva

Śārṅgadeva (1175–1247) (शार्ङ्गदेव), also spelled Sharngadeva or Sarnga Deva, was the 13th-century Indian musicologist who authored Sangita Ratnakara – the classical Sanskrit text on music and drama.

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Sarangi

The sārangī (Hindi: सारंगी, Punjabi: ਸਾਰੰਗੀ, سارنگی, Nepali: सारङ्गी) is a bowed, short-necked string instrument from India as well as Nepal and Pakistan which is used in Hindustani classical music.

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Sarod

The sarod (or sarode) (सरोद, সরোদ) is a stringed instrument, used mainly in Hindustani music.

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Semitone

A semitone, also called a half step or a half tone, is the smallest musical interval commonly used in Western tonal music, and it is considered the most dissonant when sounded harmonically.

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Shehnai

The shehnai, shenoy, sanai, shahnai, shenai, shanai or mangal vadya or sahanai (शहनाई, শানাই, सनई, ଶାହାନାଇ, ಸನಾದಿ) is a musical instrument similar to the oboe, common in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.

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Sitar

The sitar (or; सितार, Punjabi: ਸਿਤਾਰ) is a plucked stringed instrument used in Hindustani classical music.

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Solfège

In music, solfège or solfeggio, also called sol-fa, solfa, solfeo, among many names, is a music education method used to teach pitch and sight singing of Western music.

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South Asia

South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as the Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.

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South India

South India is the area encompassing the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Puducherry, occupying 19% of India's area.

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SPIC MACAY

The Society for the Promotion of Indian Classical Music And Culture Amongst Youth (SPIC MACAY) is a voluntary youth movement which promotes intangible aspects of Indian cultural heritage by promoting Indian classical music, classical dance, folk music, yoga, meditation, crafts and other aspects of Indian culture; it is a movement with chapters in over 300 towns all over the world.

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String instrument

String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.

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Subbalakshmi

Subbalakshmi is an acclaimed Carnatic musician,composer and an Indian actress in Malayalam movies.

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Surbahar

Surbahar, (pronunciation: सुरबहार), (literally: "Spring Melody" in Hindi), sometimes known as bass sitar, is a plucked string instrument used in the Hindustani classical music of North India.

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Svara

Swara (Hindi स्वर), also spelled swara, is a Sanskrit word that connotes a note in the successive steps of the octave.

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Syama Sastri

Syama Sastri (also commonly transliterated as Shyama Shastri) (1762–1827) was a musician and composer of the Carnatic music tradition.

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T. Viswanathan

Tanjore Viswanathan (b. Madras, India, August 13, 1927; d. Hartford, Connecticut, United States, September 10, 2002) was a Carnatic musician specializing in the Carnatic flute and voice.

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Tabla

The tabla is a membranophone percussion instrument originating from the Indian subcontinent, consisting of a pair of drums, used in traditional, classical, popular and folk music.

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Tala (music)

A Tala (IAST tāla), sometimes spelled Taal or Tal, literally means a "clap, tapping one's hand on one's arm, a musical measure".

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Tanpura

The tanpura (तानपूरा; or tambura, tanpuri) is a long-necked plucked string instrument found in various forms in Indian music.

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Tansen

Tansen (c. 1500 – 1586), also referred to as Tan Sen / Ramtanu, was a prominent figure of North Indian (Hindustani) classical music.

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Tarana

Tarana is a type of composition in Hindustani classical vocal music in which certain words and syllables (e.g. "odani", "todani", "tadeem" and "yalali") based on Persian and Arabic phonemes are rendered at a medium (madhya) or fast (drut) pace (laya).

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Teental

Teental (or tintal, trital; Hindi: तीन ताल) is the most common tala of Hindustani music, and is used for drut (fast-tempo) Khyal.

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Tehran

Tehran (تهران) is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province.

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Thaat

A thāt (ठाट; थाट; ঠাট; ٹھاٹھ; also transliterated as thaat) is a mode in north Indian or Hindustani music.

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The Raga Guide

The Raga Guide is a 1999 Nimbus Records compilation of 74 Hindustani ragas on four CDs.

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Thumri

Thumrī is a common genre of semi-classical Indian music.

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Tyagaraja

Kakarla Tyagabrahmam (4 May 1767 – 6 January 1847) or Saint Tyagaraja, also known as Tyāgayya in Telugu, was one of the greatest composers of Carnatic music, a form of Indian classical music.

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Varnam

Varṇam is a form of song in the Carnatic music repertoire consisting of short metric pieces which encapsulate the main features and requirements of a raga.

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Vedanga

The Vedanga (वेदाङ्ग, "limbs of the Veda") are six auxiliary disciplines in Vedic culture that developed in ancient times, and has been connected with the study of the Vedas.

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Vedas

The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the ''Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (Sanskrit: वेद, "knowledge") are a large body of knowledge texts originating in the ancient Indian subcontinent.

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Veena

The veena (வீணை, वीणा, IAST: vīṇā), comprises a family of chordophone instruments of the Indian subcontinent.

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Venu

The venu (Sanskrit: वेणु) is one of the ancient transverse flutes of Indian classical music.

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Vijayanagara Empire

The Vijayanagara Empire (also called Karnata Empire, and the Kingdom of Bisnegar by the Portuguese) was based in the Deccan Plateau region in South India.

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Violin

The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.

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Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande

Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande (10 August 1860 – 19 September 1936) was an Indian musicologist who wrote the first modern treatise on Hindustani classical music (The north Indian variety of Indian classical music), an art which had been propagated earlier for a few centuries mostly through oral traditions.

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Vittal

Vittal is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India.

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Yāska

was an early Sanskrit grammarian who preceded Pāṇini (fl. 6-5th century BCE, Quote: "Ashtadhyayi, Sanskrit Aṣṭādhyāyī (“Eight Chapters”), Sanskrit treatise on grammar written in the 6th to 5th century BCE by the Indian grammarian Panini."), assumed to have lived in the 7th century BCE.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_classical_music

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