Island of stability and Nuclide

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Difference between Island of stability and Nuclide

Island of stability vs. Nuclide

In nuclear physics, the island of stability is the prediction that a set of heavy nuclides with a near magic number of protons and neutrons will temporarily reverse the trend of decreasing stability in elements heavier than uranium. A nuclide (from nucleus, also known as nuclear species) is an atomic species characterized by the specific constitution of its nucleus, i.e., by its number of protons Z, its number of neutrons N, and its nuclear energy state.

Atomic nucleus

The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.

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Atomic number

The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Bismuth

Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83.

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Cluster decay

Cluster decay, also named heavy particle radioactivity or heavy ion radioactivity, is a type of nuclear decay in which an atomic nucleus emits a small "cluster" of neutrons and protons, more than in an alpha particle, but less than a typical binary fission fragment.

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Energy level

A quantum mechanical system or particle that is bound—that is, confined spatially—can only take on certain discrete values of energy.

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Francium

Francium is a chemical element with symbol Fr and atomic number 87.

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Half-life

Half-life (symbol t1⁄2) is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value.

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Isotope

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.

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Isotopes of francium

Francium (87Fr) has no stable isotopes.

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Neutron

| magnetic_moment.

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Neutron number

The neutron number, symbol N, is the number of neutrons in a nuclide.

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Nuclear binding energy

Nuclear binding energy is the minimum energy that would be required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its component parts.

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Proton

| magnetic_moment.

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Radium

Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88.

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Table of nuclides

A table of nuclides or chart of nuclides is a two-dimensional graph in which one axis represents the number of neutrons and the other represents the number of protons in an atomic nucleus.

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Thorium

Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90.

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Uranium

Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.

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