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625 relations: A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy, Accademia degli Arcadi, Ada Negri, Adolf Gaspary, Aeneid, Aeschylus, Age of Enlightenment, Agnolo Firenzuola, Aimeric de Belenoi, Aimeric de Peguilhan, Alba de Céspedes y Bertini, Albertanus of Brescia, Albertet de Sestaro, Albertino Mussato, Alberto Moravia, Albigensian Crusade, Aldus Manutius, Aleardo Aleardi, Alemanni, Alessandro Manzoni, Alessandro Tassoni, Alexander the Great, Allegory, Anachronism, Anacreon, Ancient Greek, Andrea da Barberino, Andrea da Grosseto, Andrea del Verrocchio, Anna Banti, Annibale Caro, Annie Vivanti, Anonymity, Antigone, Antithesis, Antonio Cornazzano, Antonio Fogazzaro, Antonio Foscarini, Antonio Francesco Grazzini, Antonio Pucci (poet), Apostolo Zeno, Apuleius, Apulia, Arator, Arcadia (utopia), Arezzo, Aristotle, Arnaut Catalan, Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren, Arnold of Brescia, ..., Arturo Graf, Assonance, Astronomy, Athena, Attic Greek, Auschwitz concentration camp, Austria, Avignon, Azzo VI of Este, Azzo VII d'Este, Émile Zola, Baldassare Castiglione, Basilio Puoti, Basilios Bessarion, Battle of Benevento, Beatrice of Savoy, Beatrice Portinari, Belisarius, Benedetto Varchi, Benedict of Nursia, Benoît de Sainte-Maure, Bernardino Corio, Bernardino Telesio, Berthold Wiese, Bertolome Zorzi, Bevis of Hampton, Bianco da Siena, Bible, Bishop, Black Death, Blank verse, Blessed Beatrice d'Este, Boethius, Bologna, Boniface I, Marquess of Montferrat, Boniface II, Marquess of Montferrat, Bonifaci Calvo, Brighella, Brittany, Brunetto Latini, Byzantine Empire, Cacciaguida, Calega Panzan, Camillo Porzio, Canace (play), Canticle of the Sun, Canzone, Canzonetta, Carlo Emilio Gadda, Carlo Giuseppe Guglielmo Botta, Carlo Goldoni, Carlo Troya, Carnival song, Carolingian dynasty, Cassiodorus, Castle, Catherine of Siena, Catholic Church, Cecco Angiolieri, Censorship, Cesare Balbo, Cesare Beccaria, Cesare Pascarella, Cesare Pavese, Cesare Segre, Chanson de geste, Chansonnier, Charites, Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, Charles Baudelaire, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Chivalric romance, Chivalry, Christian mysticism, Chronicle, Cicero, Cielo d'Alcamo, Cino da Pistoia, City-state, Claudio Achillini, Cloister, Cola di Rienzo, Coluccio Salutati, Conceit, Confraternity, Convivio, Corrado Alvaro, Couplet, Courtier, Courtly love, Crepuscolari, Dacia Maraini, Dante Alighieri, Dante da Maiano, Dares Phrygius, De Inventione, De Mulieribus Claris, De re militari, De vulgari eloquentia, Decadent movement, Dello di Niccolò Delli, Didacticism, Dino Buzzati, Dino Compagni, Divine Comedy, Dolce Stil Novo, Domenico Cavalca, Dominican Order, Donato Giannotti, Edgar Allan Poe, Edmondo De Amicis, Edmund Garratt Gardner, Edward I of England, Elias Cairel, Elio Vittorini, Eloquence, Elsa Morante, Encyclopædia Britannica, England, Enzo of Sardinia, Epic poetry, Epigram, Eroticism, Eugenio Montale, Excommunication, Ezra Pound, Ezzelini, Ezzelino III da Romano, Fabliau, Farinata degli Uberti, Federico Frezzi, Felice Cavallotti, Feminism in Italy, Ferdinando Martini, Ferrara, Ferrarino Trogni da Ferrara, Fiesole, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Florence, Florence Cathedral, Floris and Blancheflour, Folgóre da San Gimignano, Foligno, Fourth Crusade, Fra Paolo da Pistoia, François Rabelais, France, Francesco Berni, Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi, Francesco Guicciardini, Francesco Maria Molza, Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei, Francis Bacon, Francis of Assisi, Franciscans, Franco Sacchetti, Franz Kafka, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, French language, French literature, French Revolution, Friar, Fulvio Testi, Futurism, Gabriele D'Annunzio, Gabriello Chiabrera, Gaetano Filangieri, Gaius Julius Solinus, Galileo Galilei, Gasparo Gozzi, Genoa, Geography, Giacomo da Lentini, Giacomo Leopardi, Giambattista Felice Zappi, Giambattista Gelli, Giambattista Marino, Giambattista Vico, Gian Giorgio Trissino, Giles of Rome, Gino Capponi, Giordano Bruno, Giosuè Carducci, Giovanni Andrea dell' Anguillara, Giovanni Battista Adriani, Giovanni Battista Giraldi, Giovanni Berchet, Giovanni Colombini, Giovanni della Casa, Giovanni di Paolo Rucellai, Giovanni Fiorentino, Giovanni Guidiccioni, Giovanni Marradi, Giovanni Pascoli, Giovanni Pontano, Giovanni Prati, Giovanni Sercambi, Giovanni Verga, Giovanni Villani, Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina, Girard Cavalaz, Girolamo Benivieni, Girolamo Tiraboschi, Giulia Gonzaga, Giuseppe Giacosa, Giuseppe Gioachino Belli, Giuseppe Giusti, Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti, Giuseppe Parini, Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa, Giuseppe Ungaretti, Giusto Fontanini, Godfrey of Bouillon, Goito, Golden Legend, Grammar, Grazia Deledda, Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, Guelphs and Ghibellines, Guido Cavalcanti, Guido delle Colonne, Guido Guinizelli, Guido Mazzoni (poet), Guild, Guilhem Figueira, Guillem Augier Novella, Guittone d'Arezzo, Harlequin, Hell, Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor, Herbort of Fritzlar, Hercules, Hermeticism (poetry), Hermit, Historia destructionis Troiae, Historical fiction, Hohenstaufen, Homer, House of Este, House of Savoy, Hugh Capet, Humanism, Humanitas, Humanities, Hymn, Hyperbole, Hypocrisy, If on a winter's night a traveler, If This Is a Man, Il Filostrato, Iliad, Inquisition, Interdict, Isabella di Morra, Italian language, Italian nationalism, Italian neorealism, Italian War of 1551–1559, Italians, Italo Calvino, Italo Svevo, Italy, Jacme Grils, Jacobus da Varagine, Jacopo Nardi, Jacopone da Todi, Jerusalem Delivered, Jesuati, Jesus, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, John Addington Symonds, John Argyropoulos, John of Procida, John the Baptist, Jordan of Pisa, Joseph Addison, Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, Judge, Juggling, Julius Caesar, King Arthur, Kingdom of Sicily, Konrad von Würzburg, La Vita Nuova, Lanfranc Cigala, Languedoc, Langues d'oïl, Lapo Gianni, Laurence Sterne, Leon Battista Alberti, Leonardo Bruni, Leonardo da Vinci, Leonardo Sciascia, Leontius Pilatus, Linguistic purism, List of monarchs of 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III, Pope Innocent VII, Pope Leo X, Pope Nicholas V, Pope Pius II, Pope Sixtus IV, Positivism, Postmodernism, Primo Levi, Pro Ligario, Pro Marcello, Provence, Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, Purgatory, Quintus Aurelius Symmachus, Raimbaut de Vaqueiras, Rambertino Buvalelli, Ravenna, Razo, Recanati, Reformation in Italy, Renaissance, Renato Fucini, René Descartes, Restoro d'Arezzo, Revolutions of 1848, Rhetoric, Rhetorica ad Herennium, Richard Garnett (writer), Ritmo bellunese, Ritmo cassinese, Ritmo di Sant'Alessio, Ritmo lucchese, Robert Browning, Romagna, Roman Catholic Diocese of Pozzuoli, Roman law, Romanticism, Round Table, Rustichello da Pisa, Saint Peter, Salerno, Salv'a lo vescovo senato, Salvator Rosa, Salvatore Farina, Salvatore Quasimodo, Samuel Beckett, Sandro Botticelli, Sarcasm, Sardinia, Sardinian people, Sarzana, Satire, Savona, Scandiano, Scapigliatura, Scholasticism, Scipio Africanus, Scrivener, Seneca the Younger, Sicilian language, Sicilian Mafia, Sicilian School, Sicilian Vespers, Sicily, Siena, Silvio Pellico, Simon Doria, Sirventes, Six Characters in Search of an Author, Society of Jesus, Sonnet, Sordello, Sperone Speroni, Speroni, Swabia, Tacitus, Terramagnino da Pisa, Terza rima, The Betrothed (Manzoni novel), The Conformist, The Day of the Owl, The Decameron, The English Historical Review, The Golden Ass, The Leopard, The Moon and the Bonfires, The Name of the Rose, The Travels of Marco Polo, Theatre of ancient Greece, Theoderic the Great, Theology, Thessaloniki, Third order, Thomas Aquinas, Tibullus, Tomb, Tommaso Campanella, Tommaso Grossi, Torquato Tasso, Torture, Town square, Translation, Treaty of Campo Formio, Triumphs, Trivia, Troilus and Cressida, Troubadour, Tullia d'Aragona, Turin, Tuscan dialect, Tuscany, Uc de Saint Circ, Ugo Foscolo, Ugolino della Gherardesca, Umberto Eco, Umberto Saba, Umbria, Urbino, Venantius Fortunatus, Venetian language, Venice, Verismo (literature), Vernacular, Vernacular literature, Veronica Gambara, Vespasiano da Bisticci, Vibius Sequester, Vicenza, Vida (Occitan literary form), Vienna, Villa Medici at Careggi, Vincenzo da Filicaja, Vincenzo Gioberti, Vincenzo Monti, Virgil, Visconti of Milan, Vittoria Colonna, Vittorio Alfieri, Walter Scott, War novel, War of the Spanish Succession, Werther, Western Roman Empire, William VI, Marquess of Montferrat. Expand index (575 more) »
A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy
A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy is a novel by Laurence Sterne, written and first published in 1768, as Sterne was facing death.
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Accademia degli Arcadi
The Accademia degli Arcadi or Accademia dell'Arcadia, "Academy of Arcadia" or "Academy of the Arcadians", was an Italian literary academy founded in Rome in 1690.
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Ada Negri
Ada Negri (3 February 187011 January 1945) was an Italian poet and writer.
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Adolf Gaspary
Adolf Gaspary (23 May 1849, in Berlin – 17 March 1892, in Berlin) was a German Romance philologist, specializing in Italian literature.
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Aeneid
The Aeneid (Aeneis) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans.
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Aeschylus
Aeschylus (Αἰσχύλος Aiskhulos;; c. 525/524 – c. 456/455 BC) was an ancient Greek tragedian.
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Age of Enlightenment
The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in lit in Aufklärung, "Enlightenment", in L’Illuminismo, “Enlightenment” and in Spanish: La Ilustración, "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy".
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Agnolo Firenzuola
Agnolo Firenzuola (28 September 149327 June 1543) was an Italian poet and litterateur.
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Aimeric de Belenoi
Aimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242 22.) was a Gascon troubadour.
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Aimeric de Peguilhan
Aimeric or Aimery de Peguilhan, Peguillan, or Pégulhan (c. 1170 – c. 1230) was a troubadour (fl. 1190–1221)Gaunt and Kay, 279.
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Alba de Céspedes y Bertini
Alba de Céspedes y Bertini (March 11, 1911 – November 14, 1997) was a Cuban-Italian writer.
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Albertanus of Brescia
Albertanus of Brescia (Italian: Albertano da Brescia, c. 1195 – c. 1251), author of Latin social treatises and sermons.
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Albertet de Sestaro
Albertet de Sestaro, sometimes called Albertet de Terascon (fl. 1194–1221), was a Provençal jongleur and troubadour from the Gapençais (Gapensés in Occitan).
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Albertino Mussato
Albertino Mussato (1261–1329) was an Italian statesman, poet, historian and playwright.
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Alberto Moravia
Alberto Moravia (November 28, 1907 – September 26, 1990), born Alberto Pincherle, was an Italian novelist and journalist.
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Albigensian Crusade
The Albigensian Crusade or the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229) was a 20-year military campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, in southern France.
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Aldus Manutius
Aldus Pius Manutius (Aldo Pio Manuzio; 1449/14526 February 1515) was a Venetian humanist, scholar, and educator.
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Aleardo Aleardi
Aleardo Aleardi (14 November 181217 July 1878), born Gaetano Maria, was an Italian poet who belonged to the so-called Neo-romanticists.
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Alemanni
The Alemanni (also Alamanni; Suebi "Swabians") were a confederation of Germanic tribes on the Upper Rhine River.
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Alessandro Manzoni
Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Antonio Manzoni (7 March 1785 – 22 May 1873) was an Italian poet and novelist.
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Alessandro Tassoni
Alessandro Tassoni (28 September 1565 – 25 April 1635) was an Italian poet and writer.
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Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great (Aléxandros ho Mégas), was a king (basileus) of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty.
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Allegory
As a literary device, an allegory is a metaphor in which a character, place or event is used to deliver a broader message about real-world issues and occurrences.
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Anachronism
An anachronism (from the Greek ἀνά ana, "against" and χρόνος khronos, "time") is a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement, especially a juxtaposition of persons, events, objects, or customs from different periods of time.
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Anacreon
Anacreon (Ἀνακρέων ὁ Τήϊος; BC) was a Greek lyric poet, notable for his drinking songs and hymns.
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Ancient Greek
The Ancient Greek language includes the forms of Greek used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD.
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Andrea da Barberino
Andrea Mangiabotti,Geneviève Hasenohr and Michel Zink, eds.
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Andrea da Grosseto
Andrea da Grosseto was an Italian writer of the 13th century.
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Andrea del Verrocchio
Andrea del Verrocchio (1435 – 1488), born Andrea di Michele di Francesco de' Cioni, was an Italian painter, sculptor, and goldsmith who was a master of an important workshop in Florence.
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Anna Banti
Anna Banti (born Lucia Lopresti in Florence on 27 June 1895; died in Massa on 2 September 1985) was an Italian writer, art historian, critic, and translator.
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Annibale Caro
Fra' Annibale Caro, K.M., (6 June 150717 November 1566) was an Italian writer and poet.
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Annie Vivanti
Annie Vivanti Chartres (7 April 1866 – 20 February 1942), also known as Anita Vivanti or Anita Vivanti Chartres, was a British-born Italian writer.
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Anonymity
Anonymity, adjective "anonymous", is derived from the Greek word ἀνωνυμία, anonymia, meaning "without a name" or "namelessness".
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Antigone
In Greek mythology, Antigone (Ἀντιγόνη) is the daughter of Oedipus and his mother Jocasta.
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Antithesis
Antithesis (Greek for "setting opposite", from ἀντί "against" and θέσις "placing") is used in writing or speech either as a proposition that contrasts with or reverses some previously mentioned proposition, or when two opposites are introduced together for contrasting effect.
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Antonio Cornazzano
Antonio Cornazzano (c. 1430 in Piacenza – 1484 in Ferrara) was an Italian poet, writer, biographer, and dancing master.
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Antonio Fogazzaro
Antonio Fogazzaro (25 March 1842 – 7 March 1911) was an Italian novelist.
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Antonio Foscarini
Antonio Foscarini (c. 1570 in Venice, d. April 22, 1622) belonged to the Venetian nobility and was Venetian ambassador to Paris and later to London.
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Antonio Francesco Grazzini
Antonio Francesco Grazzini or Antonfrancisco Grazzini (March 22, 1503February 18, 1584) was an Italian author.
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Antonio Pucci (poet)
Antonio Pucci (c. 1310 – 1388) was a Florentine bellfounder, town crier, self-taught as a versifier, who wrote his collection, Libro di varie storie ("Book of Various Tales"), using a popular dialect for a popular audience.
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Apostolo Zeno
Apostolo Zeno (11 December 1669 in Venice – 11 November 1750 in Venice) was a Venetian poet, librettist, journalist, and man of letters.
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Apuleius
Apuleius (also called Lucius Apuleius Madaurensis; c. 124 – c. 170 AD) was a Latin-language prose writer, Platonist philosopher and rhetorician.
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Apulia
Apulia (Puglia; Pùglia; Pulia; translit) is a region of Italy in Southern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea to the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Òtranto and Gulf of Taranto to the south.
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Arator
Arator was a sixth-century Christian poet from Liguria in northwestern Italy.
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Arcadia (utopia)
Arcadia (Ἀρκαδία) refers to a vision of pastoralism and harmony with nature.
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Arezzo
Arezzo is a city and comune in Italy, capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany.
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Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs,; 384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidiki, in the north of Classical Greece.
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Arnaut Catalan
Arnaut Catalan (fl. 1219–1253) was a troubadour active in the Languedoc, Catalonia, and Castile.
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Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren
Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren (25 October 1760, Arbergen6 March 1842, Göttingen) was a German historian.
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Arnold of Brescia
Arnold of Brescia (1090 – June 1155), also known as Arnaldus (Arnaldo da Brescia), was an Italian canon regular from Lombardy.
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Arturo Graf
Arturo Graf (1848–1913), Italian poet, of German ancestry, was born at Athens.
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Assonance
Assonance is a resemblance in the sounds of words or syllables either between their vowels (e.g., meat, bean) or between their consonants (e.g., keep, cape).
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Astronomy
Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.
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Athena
Athena; Attic Greek: Ἀθηνᾶ, Athēnā, or Ἀθηναία, Athēnaia; Epic: Ἀθηναίη, Athēnaiē; Doric: Ἀθάνα, Athānā or Athene,; Ionic: Ἀθήνη, Athēnē often given the epithet Pallas,; Παλλὰς is the ancient Greek goddess of wisdom, handicraft, and warfare, who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva.
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Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of ancient Attica, including the city of Athens.
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Auschwitz concentration camp
Auschwitz concentration camp was a network of concentration and extermination camps built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II.
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Austria
Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.
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Avignon
Avignon (Avenio; Provençal: Avignoun, Avinhon) is a commune in south-eastern France in the department of Vaucluse on the left bank of the Rhône river.
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Azzo VI of Este
Azzo VI (1170 – November 1212), also known as Azzolino, was an Italian nobleman and condottiero.
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Azzo VII d'Este
Azzo VII d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara (also known as Novello; 1205 – 16 February 1264) was marquis of Ferrara from 1215 to 1222, and again from 1240 until his death.
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Émile Zola
Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola (2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was a French novelist, playwright, journalist, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism.
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Baldassare Castiglione
Baldassare Castiglione (December 6, 1478 – February 2, 1529),Dates of birth and death, and cause of the latter, from, Italica, Rai International online.
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Basilio Puoti
Basilio Puoti (27 July 1782, Naples – 19 July 1847, Naples) was an Italian literary critic, lexicographer and grammarian.
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Basilios Bessarion
Basilios (or Basilius) Bessarion (Greek: Βασίλειος Βησσαρίων; 2 January 1403 – 18 November 1472), a Roman Catholic Cardinal Bishop and the titular Latin Patriarch of Constantinople, was one of the illustrious Greek scholars who contributed to the great revival of letters in the 15th century.
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Battle of Benevento
The Battle of Benevento was fought on 26 February 1266 near Benevento, in present-day Southern Italy.
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Beatrice of Savoy
Beatrice of Savoy (c. 1198 – c. 1267) was the daughter of Thomas I of Savoy and Margaret of Geneva.
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Beatrice Portinari
Beatrice "Bice" di Folco Portinari (pronounced, 1265 – 8 June 1290) was an Italian woman who has been commonly identified as the principal inspiration for Dante Alighieri's Vita Nuova, and is also commonly identified with the Beatrice who appears as one of his guides in the Divine Comedy (La Divina Commedia) in the last book, Paradiso, and in the last four cantos of Purgatorio.
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Belisarius
Flavius Belisarius (Φλάβιος Βελισάριος, c. 505 – 565) was a general of the Byzantine Empire.
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Benedetto Varchi
Benedetto Varchi (1502/15031565) was an Italian humanist, a historian and poet.
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Benedict of Nursia
Benedict of Nursia (Benedictus Nursiae; Benedetto da Norcia; Vulgar Latin: *Benedecto; Benedikt; 2 March 480 – 543 or 547 AD) is a Christian saint, who is venerated in the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Anglican Communion and Old Catholic Churches.
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Benoît de Sainte-Maure
Benoît de Sainte-Maure (died 1173) was a 12th-century French poet, most probably from Sainte-Maure de Touraine near Tours, France.
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Bernardino Corio
Bernardino Corio (born 1459 in Milan; died ca.1519) was an Italian humanist and historian of the Renaissance.
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Bernardino Telesio
Bernardino Telesio (7 November 1509 – 2 October 1588) was an Italian philosopher and natural scientist.
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Berthold Wiese
Berthold Heinrich Friedrich Wiese (19 December 1859, in Rostock – 3 May 1932, in Halle an der Saale) was a German Romance philologist, who specialized in Italian language and literature.
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Bertolome Zorzi
Bertolome Zorzi (Bartolomeus Gorgis; fl. 1266–1273) was a Venetian nobleman, merchant, and troubadour.
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Bevis of Hampton
Bevis of Hampton (Old French: Beuve(s) or Bueve or Beavis de Hanton(n)e; Anglo-Norman: Boeve de Haumtone; Italian: Buovo d'Antona) or Sir Bevois, was a legendary English hero and the subject of Anglo-Norman, Dutch, French, English, Venetian,Hasenohr, 173–4.
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Bianco da Siena
Bianco di Santi alias Bianco da Siena or Bianco da Lanciolina (Anciolina, 1350 circa - Venice, 1399) was an Italian mystic poet and an imitator of Jacopone da Todi.
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Bible
The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, tà biblía, "the books") is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans.
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Bishop
A bishop (English derivation from the New Testament of the Christian Bible Greek επίσκοπος, epískopos, "overseer", "guardian") is an ordained, consecrated, or appointed member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight.
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Black Death
The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.
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Blank verse
Blank verse is poetry written with regular metrical but unrhymed lines, almost always in iambic pentameter.
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Blessed Beatrice d'Este
Blessed Beatrice d'Este (Biatritz or Beatritz d'Est) (1192 – 10 May 1264) was the daughter of Azzo VI of the Este family by his second wife, Sophia Eleanor, daughter of Humbert III, Count of Savoy.
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Boethius
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boëthius, commonly called Boethius (also Boetius; 477–524 AD), was a Roman senator, consul, magister officiorum, and philosopher of the early 6th century.
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Bologna
Bologna (Bulåggna; Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Northern Italy.
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Boniface I, Marquess of Montferrat
Boniface I, usually known as Boniface of Montferrat (Bonifacio del Monferrato; Βονιφάτιος Μομφερρατικός, Vonifatios Momferratikos) (c. 1150 – 4 September 1207), was Marquess of Montferrat (from 1192), the leader of the Fourth Crusade (1201–04) and the King of Thessalonica (from 1205).
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Boniface II, Marquess of Montferrat
Boniface II (July 1202 – 12 June 1253), called the Giant, was the Margrave of Montferrat from 1225 until his death.
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Bonifaci Calvo
Bonifaci, Bonifatz, or Bonifacio Calvo (fl. 1253–1266) was a Genoese troubadour of the late thirteenth century.
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Brighella
Brighella (French: Brighelle) is a comic, masked character from the Commedia dell'arte.
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Brittany
Brittany (Bretagne; Breizh, pronounced or; Gallo: Bertaèyn, pronounced) is a cultural region in the northwest of France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period of Roman occupation.
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Brunetto Latini
Brunetto Latini (c. 1220–1294) (who signed his name Burnectus Latinus in Latin and Burnecto Latino in Italian) was an Italian philosopher, scholar, notary, and statesman.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).
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Cacciaguida
Cacciaguida degli Elisei (c. 1098 – c. 1148) was an Italian crusader, the great-great-grandfather of Dante Alighieri.
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Calega Panzan
Calega Panzano, Panzan, or Panza (1229/1230 – after 1313) was a Genoese merchant, politician and man of letters.
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Camillo Porzio
Camillo Porzio (1526–1580) was an Italian historian.
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Canace (play)
Canace is a verse tragedy by Italian playwright Sperone Speroni (1500-1588).
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Canticle of the Sun
The Canticle of the Sun, also known as Laudes Creaturarum (Praise of the Creatures) and Canticle of the Creatures, is a religious song composed by Saint Francis of Assisi.
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Canzone
Literally "song" in Italian, a canzone (plural: canzoni; cognate with English to chant) is an Italian or Provençal song or ballad.
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Canzonetta
In music, a canzonetta (pl. canzonette, canzonetti or canzonettas) is a popular Italian secular vocal composition that originated around 1560.
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Carlo Emilio Gadda
Carlo Emilio Gadda (November 14, 1893 – May 21, 1973) was an Italian writer and poet.
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Carlo Giuseppe Guglielmo Botta
Carlo Giuseppe Guglielmo Botta (November 6, 1766, San Giorgio Canavese, PiedmontAugust 10, 1837, Paris) was an Italian historian.
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Carlo Goldoni
Carlo Osvaldo Goldoni (25 February 1707 – 6 February 1793) was an Italian playwright and librettist from the Republic of Venice.
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Carlo Troya
Carlo Troya (also spelled Troja; 7 June 1784 – 28 July 1858) was a historian and politician who served as Prime Minister of the Two Sicilies from 3 April 1848 until 15 May 1848.
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Carnival song
A carnival song or canto carnascialesco (pl. canti carnascialeschi) was a late fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century song used to celebrate the carnival season in Florence, mainly the weeks preceding Lent and the Calendimaggio, which lasted from May 1 to June 24.
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Carolingian dynasty
The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family founded by Charles Martel with origins in the Arnulfing and Pippinid clans of the 7th century AD.
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Cassiodorus
Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator (c. 485 – c. 585), commonly known as Cassiodorus, was a Roman statesman and writer serving in the administration of Theoderic the Great, king of the Ostrogoths.
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Castle
A castle (from castellum) is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages by predominantly the nobility or royalty and by military orders.
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Catherine of Siena
Saint Catherine of Siena (25 March 1347 in Siena – 29 April 1380 in Rome), was a tertiary of the Dominican Order and a Scholastic philosopher and theologian who had a great influence on the Catholic Church.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Cecco Angiolieri
Cecco Angiolieri (c. 1260 - c. 1312) was an Italian poet.
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Censorship
Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information, on the basis that such material is considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or "inconvenient" as determined by government authorities.
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Cesare Balbo
Cesare Balbo, Conte di Vinadio (21 November 1789 – 3 June 1853), was an Italian writer and statesman.
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Cesare Beccaria
Cesare Bonesana-Beccaria, Marquis of Gualdrasco and Villareggio (15 March 173828 November 1794) was an Italian criminologist, jurist, philosopher, and politician, who is widely considered as the most talented jurist and one of the greatest thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment.
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Cesare Pascarella
Cesare Pascarella (28 April 1858 - 8 May 1940), was an Italian dialect poet and a painter.
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Cesare Pavese
Cesare Pavese (9 September 1908 – 27 August 1950) was an Italian poet, novelist, literary critic and translator.
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Cesare Segre
Cesare Segre (4 April 1928 – 16 March 2014) was an Italian philologist, semiotician and literary critic of Jewish descent, and the Director of the Texts and Textual Traditions Research Centre of the Institute for Advanced Studies of Pavia (IUSS).
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Chanson de geste
The chanson de geste, Old French for "song of heroic deeds" (from gesta: Latin: "deeds, actions accomplished"), is a medieval narrative, a type of epic poem that appears at the dawn of French literature.
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Chansonnier
A chansonnier (cançoner, cançonièr, Galician and cancioneiro, canzoniere or canzoniéro, cancionero) is a manuscript or printed book which contains a collection of chansons, or polyphonic and monophonic settings of songs, hence literally "song-books," although some manuscripts are so called even though they preserve the text but not the music (for example, the Cancioneiro da Vaticana and Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, which contain the bulk of Galician-Portuguese lyric).
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Charites
In Greek mythology, a Charis (Χάρις) or Grace is one of three or more minor goddesses of charm, beauty, nature, human creativity, and fertility, together known as the Charites (Χάριτες) or Graces.
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Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve
Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve (23 December 1804, in Boulogne-sur-Mer – 13 October 1869, in Paris) was a literary critic of French literature.
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Charles Baudelaire
Charles Pierre Baudelaire (April 9, 1821 – August 31, 1867) was a French poet who also produced notable work as an essayist, art critic, and pioneering translator of Edgar Allan Poe.
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Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV (Karel IV., Karl IV., Carolus IV; 14 May 1316 – 29 November 1378Karl IV. In: (1960): Geschichte in Gestalten (History in figures), vol. 2: F-K. 38, Frankfurt 1963, p. 294), born Wenceslaus, was a King of Bohemia and the first King of Bohemia to also become Holy Roman Emperor.
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Chivalric romance
As a literary genre of high culture, romance or chivalric romance is a type of prose and verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe.
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Chivalry
Chivalry, or the chivalric code, is an informal, varying code of conduct developed between 1170 and 1220, never decided on or summarized in a single document, associated with the medieval institution of knighthood; knights' and gentlewomen's behaviours were governed by chivalrous social codes.
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Christian mysticism
Christian mysticism refers to the development of mystical practices and theory within Christianity.
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Chronicle
A chronicle (chronica, from Greek χρονικά, from χρόνος, chronos, "time") is a historical account of facts and events ranged in chronological order, as in a time line.
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Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, orator, lawyer and philosopher, who served as consul in the year 63 BC.
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Cielo d'Alcamo
Cielo d'Alcamo (also spelled Ciullo) was an Italian poet, born in the early 13th century.
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Cino da Pistoia
Cino da Pistoia (1270 – 1336/37) was an Italian jurist and poet.
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City-state
A city-state is a sovereign state, also described as a type of small independent country, that usually consists of a single city and its dependent territories.
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Claudio Achillini
Claudio Achillini (Latin Claudius Achillinus; 18 September 1574 – 1 October 1640) was an Italian philosopher, theologian, mathematician, poet, and jurist.
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Cloister
A cloister (from Latin claustrum, "enclosure") is a covered walk, open gallery, or open arcade running along the walls of buildings and forming a quadrangle or garth.
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Cola di Rienzo
Cola di Rienzo (or de Rienzi; or) (c. 1313 – 8 October 1354) was an Italian medieval politician and popular leader, tribune of the Roman people in the mid-14th century.
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Coluccio Salutati
Coluccio Salutati (16 February 1331 – 4 May 1406) was an Italian humanist and man of letters, and one of the most important political and cultural leaders of Renaissance Florence; as chancellor of the Republic and its most prominent voice, he was effectively the permanent secretary of state in the generation before the rise of the Medici.
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Conceit
In modern literary criticism, in particular of genre fiction, conceit frequently means an extended rhetorical device, summed up in a short phrase, that refers to a situation which either does not exist or exists very infrequently but which is necessary to the plot.
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Confraternity
A confraternity (Spanish: Cofradía) is generally a Christian voluntary association of lay people created for the purpose of promoting special works of Christian charity or piety, and approved by the Church hierarchy.
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Convivio
Convivio (The Banquet) is a work written by Dante Alighieri roughly between 1304 and 1307.
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Corrado Alvaro
Corrado Alvaro (15 April 1895 in San Luca – 11 June 1956 in Rome) was an Italian journalist and writer of novels, short stories, screenplays and plays.
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Couplet
A couplet is a pair of successive lines of metre in poetry.
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Courtier
A courtier is a person who is often in attendance at the court of a monarch or other royal personage.
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Courtly love
Courtly love (or fin'amor in Occitan) was a medieval European literary conception of love that emphasized nobility and chivalry.
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Crepuscolari
The Crepusculars (Italian: Poeti Crepuscolari "twilight poets") were a group of Italian post-decadent poets whose work is notable for its use of musical and mood-conveying language and its general tone of despondency.
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Dacia Maraini
Dacia Maraini (born November 13, 1936 in Fiesole) is an Italian writer.
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Dante Alighieri
Durante degli Alighieri, commonly known as Dante Alighieri or simply Dante (c. 1265 – 1321), was a major Italian poet of the Late Middle Ages.
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Dante da Maiano
Dante da Maiano was a late thirteenth-century poet who composed mainly sonnets in Italian and Occitan.
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Dares Phrygius
Dares Phrygius (Δάρης), according to Homer, was a Trojan priest of Hephaestus.
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De Inventione
De Inventione is a handbook for orators that Cicero composed when he was still a young man.
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De Mulieribus Claris
De Mulieribus Claris or De Claris Mulieribus (Latin for "Concerning Famous Women") is a collection of biographies of historical and mythological women by the Florentine author Giovanni Boccaccio, composed in 1361-62.
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De re militari
De re militari (Latin "Concerning Military Matters"), also Epitoma rei militaris, is a treatise by the late Latin writer Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus about Roman warfare and military principles as a presentation of methods and practices in use during the height of Rome's power, and responsible for that power.
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De vulgari eloquentia
De vulgari eloquentia (On Eloquence in the vernacular) is the title of a Latin essay by Dante Alighieri.
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Decadent movement
The Decadent Movement was a late 19th-century artistic and literary movement, centered in Western Europe, that followed an aesthetic ideology of excess and artificiality.
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Dello di Niccolò Delli
Dello di Niccolò Delli (1403 – c. 1470), also known as Dello Delli, Dello di Niccolò and Dello, was an Italian sculptor and painter from Florence.
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Didacticism
Didacticism is a philosophy that emphasizes instructional and informative qualities in literature and other types of art.
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Dino Buzzati
Dino Buzzati-Traverso (14 October 1906 – 28 January 1972) was an Italian novelist, short story writer, painter and poet, as well as a journalist for Corriere della Sera.
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Dino Compagni
Dino Compagni (c. 1255February 26, 1324) was an Italian historical writer and political figure.
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Divine Comedy
The Divine Comedy (Divina Commedia) is a long narrative poem by Dante Alighieri, begun c. 1308 and completed in 1320, a year before his death in 1321.
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Dolce Stil Novo
Dolce Stil Novo (Italian for "sweet new style", modern Italian stile nuovo), or stilnovismo, is the name given to the most important literary movement of the 13th century in Italy.
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Domenico Cavalca
Domenico Cavalca (Vicopisano, c. 1270 – Pisa, October 1342) was an Italian writer.
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Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers (Ordo Praedicatorum, postnominal abbreviation OP), also known as the Dominican Order, is a mendicant Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Dominic of Caleruega in France, approved by Pope Honorius III via the Papal bull Religiosam vitam on 22 December 1216.
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Donato Giannotti
Donato Giannotti (27 November 1492 – 1573) was an Italian political writer and playwright.
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Edgar Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe (born Edgar Poe; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, editor, and literary critic.
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Edmondo De Amicis
Edmondo De Amicis (21 October 1846 – 11 March 1908) was an Italian novelist, journalist, poet and short-story writer.
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Edmund Garratt Gardner
Edmund Garratt Gardner FBA (12 May 1869 – 27 July 1935) was an English scholar and writer, specializing in Italian history and literature.
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Edward I of England
Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307.
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Elias Cairel
Elias Cairel (or Cayrel; fl. 1204–1222) was a troubadour of international fame.
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Elio Vittorini
Elio Vittorini (23 July 1908 – 12 February 1966) was an Italian writer and novelist.
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Eloquence
Eloquence (from French eloquence from Latin eloquentia) is fluent, forcible, elegant or persuasive speaking.
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Elsa Morante
Elsa Morante (18 August 191225 November 1985) was an Italian novelist, best known for her novel La storia (History), which appears in the Bokklubben World Library, a list of the hundred best books of all time.
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Encyclopædia Britannica
The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
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England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.
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Enzo of Sardinia
Enzo (or Enzio; – 14 March 1272) was an illegitimate son of the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II, who appointed him 'King of Sardinia' in 1238.
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Epic poetry
An epic poem, epic, epos, or epopee is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily involving a time beyond living memory in which occurred the extraordinary doings of the extraordinary men and women who, in dealings with the gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the moral universe that their descendants, the poet and his audience, must understand to understand themselves as a people or nation.
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Epigram
An epigram is a brief, interesting, memorable, and sometimes surprising or satirical statement.
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Eroticism
Eroticism (from the Greek ἔρως, eros—"desire") is a quality that causes sexual feelings, as well as a philosophical contemplation concerning the aesthetics of sexual desire, sensuality and romantic love.
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Eugenio Montale
Eugenio Montale (12 October 1896 – 12 September 1981) was an Italian poet, prose writer, editor and translator, and recipient of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Literature.
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Excommunication
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular receiving of the sacraments.
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Ezra Pound
Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (30 October 1885 – 1 November 1972) was an expatriate American poet and critic, as well as a major figure in the early modernist poetry movement.
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Ezzelini
The Ezzelini were a noble family in medieval Italy.
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Ezzelino III da Romano
Ezzelino III da Romano (April 25, 1194, Tombolo – October 7, 1259) was an Italian feudal lord, a member of the Ezzelino family, in the March of Treviso (in the modern Veneto).
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Fabliau
A fabliau (plural fabliaux) is a comic, often anonymous tale written by jongleurs in northeast France between ca.
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Farinata degli Uberti
Farinata degli Uberti (Florence, 1212 – Florence, 11 November 1264), real name Manente degli Uberti, was an Italian aristocrat and military leader, considered by some of his contemporaries to be a heretic.
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Federico Frezzi
Federico Frezzi (Foligno, 14th century - Konstanz, 1416) was Italian poet and bishop.
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Felice Cavallotti
Felice Cavallotti (6 November 1842 – 6 March 1898) was an Italian politician, poet and dramatic author.
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Feminism in Italy
Feminism in Italy originated during the Italian renaissance period, beginning in the late 13th century.
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Ferdinando Martini
Ferdinando Martini (30 July 1841 – 24 April 1928) was an Italian writer and politician.
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Ferrara
Ferrara (Ferrarese: Fràra) is a town and comune in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, capital of the Province of Ferrara.
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Ferrarino Trogni da Ferrara
Ferrari da Ferrara, fully Ferrarino (dei) Trogni da Ferrara, was a troubadour of Ferrara in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.
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Fiesole
Fiesole is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany, on a scenic height above Florence, northeast of that city.
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Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
Filippo Tommaso Emilio Marinetti (22 December 1876 – 2 December 1944) was an Italian poet, editor, art theorist, and founder of the Futurist movement.
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Florence
Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.
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Florence Cathedral
Florence Cathedral, formally the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore (in English "Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Flower") is the cathedral of Florence, Italy, or Il Duomo di Firenze, in Italian.
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Floris and Blancheflour
Floris and Blancheflour is the name of a popular romantic story that was told in the Middle Ages in many different vernacular languages and versions.
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Folgóre da San Gimignano
Folgóre da San Gimignano, pseudonym of Giacomo di Michele or Jacopo di Michele (c. 1270 – c. 1332) was an Italian poet.
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Foligno
Foligno is an ancient town of Italy in the province of Perugia in east central Umbria, on the Topino river where it leaves the Apennines and enters the wide plain of the Clitunno river system.
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Fourth Crusade
The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III.
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Fra Paolo da Pistoia
Fra Paolo da Pistoia OP (1490 – August 3, 1547) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active in Tuscany.
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François Rabelais
François Rabelais (between 1483 and 1494 – 9 April 1553) was a French Renaissance writer, physician, Renaissance humanist, monk and Greek scholar.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Francesco Berni
Francesco Berni Francesco Berni (1497/98 – May 26, 1535) was an Italian poet.
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Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi
Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi (12 August 1804 – 25 September 1873) was an Italian writer and politician involved in the Italian risorgimento.
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Francesco Guicciardini
Francesco Guicciardini (6 March 1483 – 22 May 1540) was an Italian historian and statesman.
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Francesco Maria Molza
Francesco Maria Molza (born 18 June 1489 in Modena; died 28 February 1544 in Modena) was an Italian poet of the Renaissance.
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Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei
Francesco Scipione Maffei (1 June 1675 – 11 February 1755) was an Italian writer and art critic, author of many articles and plays.
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Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban, (22 January 15619 April 1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author.
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Francis of Assisi
Saint Francis of Assisi (San Francesco d'Assisi), born Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, informally named as Francesco (1181/11823 October 1226), was an Italian Catholic friar, deacon and preacher.
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Franciscans
The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders within the Catholic Church, founded in 1209 by Saint Francis of Assisi.
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Franco Sacchetti
Franco Sacchetti (c. 1335 – c. 1400), was an Italian poet and novelist.
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Franz Kafka
Franz Kafka (3 July 1883 – 3 June 1924) was a German-speaking Bohemian Jewish novelist and short story writer, widely regarded as one of the major figures of 20th-century literature.
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Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250; Fidiricu, Federico, Friedrich) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225.
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French language
French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
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French literature
French literature is, generally speaking, literature written in the French language, particularly by citizens of France; it may also refer to literature written by people living in France who speak traditional languages of France other than French.
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French Revolution
The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.
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Friar
A friar is a brother member of one of the mendicant orders founded since the twelfth or thirteenth century; the term distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability.
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Fulvio Testi
Fulvio Testi (August 1593 in Ferrara – 28 August 1646 in Modena) was an Italian diplomat and poet who is recognised as one of the main exponents of 17th-century Italian Baroque literature.
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Futurism
Futurism (Futurismo) was an artistic and social movement that originated in Italy in the early 20th century.
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Gabriele D'Annunzio
General Gabriele D'Annunzio, Prince of Montenevoso, Duke of Gallese (12 March 1863 – 1 March 1938), sometimes spelled d'Annunzio, was an Italian writer, poet, journalist, playwright and soldier during World War I. He occupied a prominent place in Italian literature from 1889 to 1910 and later political life from 1914 to 1924.
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Gabriello Chiabrera
Gabriello Chiabrera (8 June 155214 October 1638) was an Italian poet, sometimes called the Italian Pindar.
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Gaetano Filangieri
Gaetano Filangieri (22 August 1753 – 21 July 1788) was an Italian jurist and philosopher.
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Gaius Julius Solinus
Gaius Julius Solinus, Latin grammarian and compiler, probably flourished in the early 3rd century.
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Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei (15 February 1564Drake (1978, p. 1). The date of Galileo's birth is given according to the Julian calendar, which was then in force throughout Christendom. In 1582 it was replaced in Italy and several other Catholic countries with the Gregorian calendar. Unless otherwise indicated, dates in this article are given according to the Gregorian calendar. – 8 January 1642) was an Italian polymath.
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Gasparo Gozzi
Gasparo, count Gozzi (4 December 1713 – 26 December 1786) was a Venetian critic and dramatist.
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Genoa
Genoa (Genova,; Zêna; English, historically, and Genua) is the capital of the Italian region of Liguria and the sixth-largest city in Italy.
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Geography
Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία, geographia, literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth.
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Giacomo da Lentini
Giacomo da Lentini, also known as Jacopo (il) Notaro, was an Italian poet of the 13th century.
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Giacomo Leopardi
Giacomo Taldegardo Francesco di Sales Saverio Pietro Leopardi (29 June 1798 – 14 June 1837) was an Italian philosopher, poet, essayist, and philologist.
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Giambattista Felice Zappi
Giambattista Felice Zappi (1667 – 30 July 1719) was an Italian poet.
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Giambattista Gelli
Giambattista Gelli (1498–1563) was a Florentine man of letters, from an artisan background.
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Giambattista Marino
Giambattista Marino (also Giovan Battista Marini) (14 October 1569 – 26 March 1625) was an Italian poet who was born in Naples.
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Giambattista Vico
Giambattista Vico (B. Giovan Battista Vico, 23 June 1668 – 23 January 1744) was an Italian political philosopher and rhetorician, historian and jurist, of the Age of Enlightenment.
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Gian Giorgio Trissino
Gian Giorgio Trissino (8 July 1478 – 8 December 1550), also called Giovan Giorgio Trissino, was an Italian Renaissance humanist, poet, dramatist, diplomat, and grammarian.
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Giles of Rome
Giles of Rome (Latin: Aegidius Romanus; Italian: Egidio Colonna; c. 1243 – 22 December 1316), was an archbishop of Bourges who was famed for his logician commentary on the Organon by Aristotle.
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Gino Capponi
Marquis Gino Capponi (13 September 1792 – 3 February 1876) was an Italian statesman and historian.
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Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno (Iordanus Brunus Nolanus; 1548 – 17 February 1600), born Filippo Bruno, was an Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, mathematician, poet, and cosmological theorist.
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Giosuè Carducci
Giosuè Alessandro Giuseppe Carducci (27 July 1835 – 16 February 1907) was an Italian poet and teacher.
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Giovanni Andrea dell' Anguillara
Giovanni Andrea dell'Anguillara (1517–1570) was an Italian poet.
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Giovanni Battista Adriani
Giovanni Battista Adriani (1511 or 15131579) was an Italian historian.
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Giovanni Battista Giraldi
Giovanni Battista Giraldi (12 November 1504 – 30 December 1573) was an Italian novelist and poet.
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Giovanni Berchet
Giovanni Berchet (23 December, 1783 – 23 December, 1851) was an Italian poet and patriot.
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Giovanni Colombini
Giovanni Colombini (c. 1300 - 31 July 1367) was an Italian merchant, and founder of the Congregation of Jesuati.
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Giovanni della Casa
Giovanni della Casa (28 July 1503 – 14 November 1556), was a Florentine poet, writer on etiquette and society, diplomat, and inquisitor.
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Giovanni di Paolo Rucellai
Giovanni di Paolo Rucellai (1403–1481) was a member of a wealthy family of wool merchants in Renaissance Florence, in Tuscany, Italy.
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Giovanni Fiorentino
Giovanni Fiorentino was a 14th-century Florentine writer, to whom is attributed the work Il Pecorone ("The Simpleton").
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Giovanni Guidiccioni
Giovanni Guidiccioni (1480 in Lucca – 1541 in Macerata) was an Italian poet.
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Giovanni Marradi
Giovanni Marradi (1852–1922) was an Italian poet born at Livorno and educated at Pisa and Florence.
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Giovanni Pascoli
Giovanni Placido Agostino Pascoli (31 December 1855 – 6 April 1912) was an Italian poet and classical scholar.
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Giovanni Pontano
Giovanni Pontano (1426–1503), later known as Giovanni Gioviano or Ioannes Iovianus Pontanus, was a humanist and poet from the Duchy of Spoleto, in central Italy.
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Giovanni Prati
Giovanni Prati (27 January 1815 – 9 May 1884) was an Italian poet and politician.
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Giovanni Sercambi
Giovanni Sercambi (1348–1424) was an Italian author from Lucca who wrote a history of his city, Le croniche di Luccha, as well as Il novelliere (or Novelle), a collection of 155 tales.
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Giovanni Verga
Giovanni Carmelo Verga (2 September 1840 – 27 January 1922) was an Italian realist (Verismo) writer, best known for his depictions of life in his native Sicily, especially the short story (and later play) "Cavalleria rusticana" and the novel I Malavoglia (The House by the Medlar Tree).
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Giovanni Villani
Giovanni Villani (1276 or 1280 – 1348)Bartlett (1992), 35.
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Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina
Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina (20 January 1664 – 6 January 1718) was an Italian man of letters and jurist.
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Girard Cavalaz
Girardo Cavallazzi or Cavallazzo (Girard or Girart Cavalaz; fl. 1225–1247) was an Italian troubadour from Lombardy.
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Girolamo Benivieni
Girolamo Benivieni (6 February 1453 – August 1542) was a Florentine poet and a musician.
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Girolamo Tiraboschi
Girolamo Tiraboschi S.J. (18 December 1731 – 9 June 1794) was an Italian literary critic, the first historian of Italian literature.
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Giulia Gonzaga
Giulia Gonzaga (1513 – 16 April 1566) was an Italian noblewoman of the Renaissance.
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Giuseppe Giacosa
Giuseppe Giacosa (21 October 1847 – 1 September 1906) was an Italian poet, playwright and librettist.
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Giuseppe Gioachino Belli
Giuseppe Francesco Antonio Maria Gioachino Raimondo Belli (7 September 1791 – 21 December 1863) was an Italian poet, famous for his sonnets in Romanesco, the dialect of Rome.
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Giuseppe Giusti
Giuseppe Giusti (12 May 1809 – 31 May 1850) was an Italian poet and satirist.
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Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti
Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti (24 April 1719, Turin, Piedmont – 5 May 1789, London) was an Italian literary critic, poet, writer, translator, linguist and author of two influential language-translation dictionaries.
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Giuseppe Parini
Giuseppe Parini (23 May 1729 – 15 August 1799) was an Italian Enlightenment satirist and poet of the neoclassic period.
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Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa (December 23, 1896 – July 26, 1957) was an Italian writer and the last Prince of Lampedusa.
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Giuseppe Ungaretti
Giuseppe Ungaretti (8 February 1888 – 2 June 1970) was an Italian modernist poet, journalist, essayist, critic, academic, and recipient of the inaugural 1970 Neustadt International Prize for Literature.
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Giusto Fontanini
Giusto Fontanini (San Daniele del Friuli, October 30, 1666 – Rome, April 17, 1736) was a Roman Catholic archbishop and an Italian historian.
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Godfrey of Bouillon
Godfrey of Bouillon (18 September 1060 – 18 July 1100) was a Frankish knight and one of the leaders of the First Crusade from 1096 until its conclusion in 1099.
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Goito
Goito (Gùit in Eastern Lombard dialect) is a comune of Lombardy, northern Italy, part of the Province of Mantua, from which it is some, on the road to Brescia.
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Golden Legend
The Golden Legend (Latin: Legenda aurea or Legenda sanctorum) is a collection of hagiographies by Blessed Jacobus de Varagine that was widely read in late medieval Europe.
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Grammar
In linguistics, grammar (from Greek: γραμματική) is the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language.
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Grazia Deledda
Grazia Maria Cosima Damiana Deledda (28 September 1871 – 15 August 1936) was an Italian writer who received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1926 "for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general".
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Graziadio Isaia Ascoli
Graziadio Isaia Ascoli (16 July 1829 – 21 January 1907) was an Italian linguist.
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Guelphs and Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (guelfi e ghibellini) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy.
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Guido Cavalcanti
Guido Cavalcanti (between 1250 and 1259 – August 1300) was an Italian poet and troubadour, as well as an intellectual influence on his best friend, Dante Alighieri.
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Guido delle Colonne
Guido delle Colonne (in Latin Guido de Columnis or de Columna) was a 13th-century Italian judge and writer, living at Messina, who wrote in Latin.
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Guido Guinizelli
Guido Guinizelli (c. 1230–1276), born in Bologna, in present-day Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, was an Italian poet and 'founder' of the Dolce Stil Novo.
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Guido Mazzoni (poet)
Guido Mazzoni (1859-1943) was an Italian poet.
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Guild
A guild is an association of artisans or merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular area.
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Guilhem Figueira
Guillem or Guilhem Figueira or Figera was a Languedocian jongleur and troubadour from Toulouse active at the court of the Emperor Frederick II in the 1230s.
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Guillem Augier Novella
Guillem Augier Novella was a troubadour from Vienne in the Dauphinois who lived most of his adulthood in Lombardy and was active as a minstrel in the early or mid thirteenth century.
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Guittone d'Arezzo
Guittone d'Arezzo (Arezzo, 1235 – 1294) was a Tuscan poet and the founder of the Tuscan School.
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Harlequin
Harlequin (Arlecchino, Arlequin, Old French Harlequin) is the best-known of the zanni or comic servant characters from the Italian Commedia dell'arte.
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Hell
Hell, in many religious and folkloric traditions, is a place of torment and punishment in the afterlife.
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Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VII (German: Heinrich; c. 1275 – 24 August 1313)Kleinhenz, pg.
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Herbort of Fritzlar
Herbort von Fritzlar was a cleric and writer.
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Hercules
Hercules is a Roman hero and god.
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Hermeticism (poetry)
Hermeticism in poetry, or hermetic poetry, is a form of obscure and difficult poetry, as of the Symbolist school, wherein the language and imagery are subjective, and where the suggestive power of the sound of words is as important as their meaning.
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Hermit
A hermit (adjectival form: eremitic or hermitic) is a person who lives in seclusion from society, usually for religious reasons.
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Historia destructionis Troiae
Historia destructionis Troiae ("History of the destruction of Troy") or Historia Troiana is a Latin prose narrative written by Guido delle Colonne, a Sicilian author, in the early 13th century.
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Historical fiction
Historical fiction is a literary genre in which the plot takes place in a setting located in the past.
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Hohenstaufen
The Staufer, also known as the House of Staufen, or of Hohenstaufen, were a dynasty of German kings (1138–1254) during the Middle Ages.
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Homer
Homer (Ὅμηρος, Hómēros) is the name ascribed by the ancient Greeks to the legendary author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are the central works of ancient Greek literature.
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House of Este
The House of Este (Casa d'Este; originally House of Welf-Este) is a European princely dynasty.
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House of Savoy
The House of Savoy (Casa Savoia) is a royal family that was established in 1003 in the historical Savoy region. Through gradual expansion, the family grew in power from ruling a small county in the Alps of northern Italy to absolute rule of the kingdom of Sicily in 1713 to 1720 (exchanged for Sardinia). Through its junior branch, the House of Savoy-Carignano, it led the unification of Italy in 1861 and ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until 1946 and, briefly, the Kingdom of Spain in the 19th century. The Savoyard kings of Italy were Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I, Victor Emmanuel III, and Umberto II. The last monarch ruled for a few weeks before being deposed following the Constitutional Referendum of 1946, after which the Italian Republic was proclaimed.
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Hugh Capet
Hugh CapetCapet is a byname of uncertain meaning distinguishing him from his father Hugh the Great.
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Humanism
Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism and empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition.
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Humanitas
Humanitas is a Latin noun meaning human nature, civilization, and kindness.
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Humanities
Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture.
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Hymn
A hymn is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification.
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Hyperbole
Hyperbole (ὑπερβολή, huperbolḗ, from ὑπέρ (hupér, "above") and βάλλω (bállō, "I throw")) is the use of exaggeration as a rhetorical device or figure of speech.
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Hypocrisy
Hypocrisy is the contrivance of a false appearance of virtue or goodness, while concealing real character or inclinations, especially with respect to religious and moral beliefs; hence in a general sense, hypocrisy may involve dissimulation, pretense, or a sham.
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If on a winter's night a traveler
If on a winter's night a traveler (Se una notte d'inverno un viaggiatore) is a 1979 novel by the Italian writer Italo Calvino.
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If This Is a Man
If This Is a Man (Italian: Se questo è un uomo; United States title: Survival in Auschwitz) is a memoir by Italian Jewish writer Primo Levi, first published in 1947.
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Il Filostrato
Il Filostrato is a poem by the Italian writer Giovanni Boccaccio, and the inspiration for Geoffrey Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde and, through Chaucer, the Shakespeare play Troilus and Cressida.
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Iliad
The Iliad (Ἰλιάς, in Classical Attic; sometimes referred to as the Song of Ilion or Song of Ilium) is an ancient Greek epic poem in dactylic hexameter, traditionally attributed to Homer.
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Inquisition
The Inquisition was a group of institutions within the government system of the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat public heresy committed by baptized Christians.
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Interdict
In Catholic canon law, an interdict is an ecclesiastical censure, or ban that prohibits persons, certain active Church individuals or groups from participating in certain rites, or that the rites and services of the church are banished from having validity in certain territories for a limited or extended time.
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Isabella di Morra
Isabella di Morra (ca. 1520–1545/1546) was an Italian poet of the Renaissance.
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Italian language
Italian (or lingua italiana) is a Romance language.
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Italian nationalism
Italian nationalism builds upon the idea that Italians are the ethnic, cultural, and linguistic successors of the ancient Romans who inhabited the Italian Peninsula for over a millennium.
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Italian neorealism
Italian neorealism (Neorealismo), also known as the Golden Age, is a national film movement characterized by stories set amongst the poor and the working class, filmed on location, frequently using non-professional actors.
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Italian War of 1551–1559
The Italian War of 1551 (1551–1559), sometimes known as the Habsburg–Valois War and the Last Italian War, began when Henry II of France, who had succeeded Francis I to the throne, declared war against Holy Roman Emperor Charles V with the intent of recapturing Italy and ensuring French, rather than Habsburg, domination of European affairs.
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Italians
The Italians (Italiani) are a Latin European ethnic group and nation native to the Italian peninsula.
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Italo Calvino
Italo Calvino (. RAI (circa 1970), retrieved 25 October 2012. 15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian journalist and writer of short stories and novels.
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Italo Svevo
Aron Ettore Schmitz (19 December 186113 September 1928), better known by the pseudonym Italo Svevo, was an Italian writer, businessman, novelist, playwright, and short story writer.
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Italy
Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Jacme Grils
Jacme or Iacme Gril(s) (Giacomo Grillo; fl. 1244–1262) was a Genoese troubadour of the mid-thirteenth century.
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Jacobus da Varagine
Jacopo De Fazio, best known as the blessed Jacobus da Varagine (Giacomo da Varazze, Jacopo da Varazze; c. 1230July 13 or July 16, 1298) was an Italian chronicler and archbishop of Genoa.
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Jacopo Nardi
Jacopo Nardi (1476 – 11 March 1563) was an Italian historian from Florence.
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Jacopone da Todi
Fra Jacopone da Todi, O.F.M. (ca. 1230 – 25 December 1306) was an Italian Franciscan friar from Umbria in the 13th century.
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Jerusalem Delivered
Jerusalem Delivered (La Gerusalemme liberata) is an epic poem by the Italian poet Torquato Tasso, first published in 1581, that tells a largely mythified version of the First Crusade in which Christian knights, led by Godfrey of Bouillon, battle Muslims in order to take Jerusalem.
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Jesuati
The Jesuati (Jesuates) were a religious order founded by Giovanni Colombini of Siena in 1360.
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Jesus
Jesus, also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.
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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German writer and statesman.
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John Addington Symonds
John Addington Symonds (5 October 1840 – 19 April 1893) was an English poet and literary critic.
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John Argyropoulos
John Argyropoulos (Ἰωάννης Ἀργυρόπουλος Ioannis Argyropoulos; Giovanni Argiropulo; surname also spelt Argyropulus, or Argyropulos, or Argyropulo; c. 1415 – 26 June 1487) was a lecturer, philosopher and humanist, one of the émigré Greek scholars who pioneered the revival of Classical learning in 15th-century Italy.
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John of Procida
John of Procida (Giovanni da Procida) (1210–1298) was an Italian medieval physician and diplomat.
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John the Baptist
John the Baptist (יוחנן המטביל Yokhanan HaMatbil, Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτιστής, Iōánnēs ho baptistḗs or Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτίζων, Iōánnēs ho baptízōn,Lang, Bernhard (2009) International Review of Biblical Studies Brill Academic Pub p. 380 – "33/34 CE Herod Antipas's marriage to Herodias (and beginning of the ministry of Jesus in a sabbatical year); 35 CE – death of John the Baptist" ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲓⲡⲣⲟⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ or ⲓⲱ̅ⲁ ⲡⲓⲣϥϯⲱⲙⲥ, يوحنا المعمدان) was a Jewish itinerant preacherCross, F. L. (ed.) (2005) Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 3rd ed.
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Jordan of Pisa
Blessed Jordan of Pisa (or Giordano da Pisa) (c. 1255 – 19 August 1311) was a Dominican theologian and preacher, the first whose vernacular Italian sermons are preserved.
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Joseph Addison
Joseph Addison (1 May 1672 – 17 June 1719) was an English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician.
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Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
Joseph II (Joseph Benedikt Anton Michael Adam; 13 March 1741 – 20 February 1790) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to his death.
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Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges.
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Juggling
Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.
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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 or 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), known by his cognomen Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician and military general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
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King Arthur
King Arthur is a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries.
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Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae, Regno di Sicilia, Regnu di Sicilia, Regne de Sicília, Reino de Sicilia) was a state that existed in the south of the Italian peninsula and for a time Africa from its founding by Roger II in 1130 until 1816.
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Konrad von Würzburg
Konrad von Würzburg (died August 31, 1287) was the chief German poet of the second half of the 13th century.
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La Vita Nuova
La Vita Nuova (Italian for "The New Life") or Vita Nova (Latin title) is a text by Dante Alighieri published in 1295.
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Lanfranc Cigala
Lanfranc Cigala (or Cicala) (Lanfranco, Lafranc; fl. 1235–1257) was a Genoese nobleman, knight, judge, and man of letters of the mid thirteenth century.
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Languedoc
Languedoc (Lengadòc) is a former province of France.
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Langues d'oïl
The langues d'oïl (French) or oïl languages (also in langues d'oui) are a dialect continuum that includes standard French and its closest autochthonous relatives historically spoken in the northern half of France, southern Belgium, and the Channel Islands.
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Lapo Gianni
Lapo Gianni (died after 1328) was an Italian poet who lived in Florence in the 13th-14th centuries.
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Laurence Sterne
Laurence Sterne (24 November 1713 – 18 March 1768) was an Irish novelist and an Anglican clergyman.
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Leon Battista Alberti
Leon Battista Alberti (February 14, 1404 – April 25, 1472) was an Italian humanist author, artist, architect, poet, priest, linguist, philosopher and cryptographer; he epitomised the Renaissance Man.
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Leonardo Bruni
Leonardo Bruni (or Leonardo Aretino) (c. 1370 – March 9, 1444) was an Italian humanist, historian and statesman, often recognized as the most important humanist historian of the early Renaissance.
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Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (15 April 14522 May 1519), more commonly Leonardo da Vinci or simply Leonardo, was an Italian polymath of the Renaissance, whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography.
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Leonardo Sciascia
Leonardo Sciascia (8 January 1921 – 20 November 1989) was an Italian writer, novelist, essayist, playwright, and politician.
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Leontius Pilatus
Leontius Pilatus, or Leontius (Leonzio Pilato; died 1366) (Latin: Leontius Pilatus, Greek: Λεόντιος Πιλάτος, Leontios Pilatos, Italian: Leonzio Pilato), was a Calabrian scholar and was one of the earliest promoters of Greek studies in Western Europe.
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Linguistic purism
Linguistic purism or linguistic protectionism is the practice of defining or recognizing one variety of a language as being purer or of intrinsically higher quality than other varieties.
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List of monarchs of Sicily
The monarchs of Sicily ruled from the establishment of the County of Sicily in 1071 until the "perfect fusion" in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1816.
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List of rulers of Montferrat
The Marquises and Dukes of Montferrat were the rulers of a territory in Piedmont south of the Po and east of Turin called Montferrat.
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Liturgy
Liturgy is the customary public worship performed by a religious group, according to its beliefs, customs and traditions.
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Lodovico Castelvetro
Lodovico Castelvetro (ca. 1505 in Modena – 1571 in Chiavenna) was an important figure in the development of neo-classicism, especially in drama.
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Lodovico Dolce
Lodovico Dolce (1508/10–1568) was an Italian man of letters and theorist of painting.
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Lombardy
Lombardy (Lombardia; Lumbardia, pronounced: (Western Lombard), (Eastern Lombard)) is one of the twenty administrative regions of Italy, in the northwest of the country, with an area of.
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Longus
Longus, sometimes Longos (Λόγγος), was the author of an ancient Greek novel or romance, Daphnis and Chloe.
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Lorenzo de' Medici
Lorenzo de' Medici (1 January 1449 – 8 April 1492) was an Italian statesman, de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic and the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of Renaissance culture in Italy.
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Luca Grimaldi
Luca Grimaldi (fl. 1240–1275) was a Genoese troubadour and Guelph politician and diplomat.
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Lucca
Lucca is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio, in a fertile plain near the Tyrrhenian Sea.
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Luchetto Gattilusio
Luchetto Gattilusio (fl. 1248–1307) was a Genoese statesman, diplomat, and man of letters.
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Lucian
Lucian of Samosata (125 AD – after 180 AD) was a Hellenized Syrian satirist and rhetorician who is best known for his characteristic tongue-in-cheek style, with which he frequently ridiculed superstition, religious practices, and belief in the paranormal.
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Lucilio Vanini
Homage to Giulio Cesare Vanini at the place of his death. Lucilio Vanini (15859 February 1619), who, in his works, styled himself Giulio Cesare Vanini, was an Italian philosopher, physician and free-thinker, who was one of the first significant representatives of intellectual libertinism.
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Lucrezia Tornabuoni
Lucrezia Tornabuoni (22 June 1427 – 25 March 1482) was a writer and influential political adviser.
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Ludovico Antonio Muratori
Ludovico Antonio Muratori (21 October 1672 – 23 January 1750) was an Italian historian, notable as a leading scholar of his age, and for his discovery of the Muratorian fragment, the earliest known list of New Testament books.
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Ludovico Ariosto
Ludovico Ariosto (8 September 1474 – 6 July 1533) was an Italian poet.
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Ludovico di Breme
Ludovico di Breme (Torino, 1780 – Torino, 15 August 1820), whose complete name was Ludovico Arborio Gattinara dei Marchesi di Breme, was an Italian writer and thinker, as well as a contributor to Milan's principal romantic journal, Il Conciliatore.
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Ludovico Sforza
Ludovico Maria Sforza (also known as Ludovico il Moro; 27 July 1452 – 27 May 1508), was Duke of Milan from 1494, following the death of his nephew Gian Galeazzo Sforza, until 1499.
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Luigi Alamanni
Luigi Alamanni (sometimes spelt Alemanni) (6 March 149518 April 1556) was an Italian poet and statesman.
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Luigi Capuana
Luigi Capuana (May 28, 1839 – November 29, 1915) was an Italian author and journalist and one of the most important members of the ''verist'' movement (see also ''verismo'' (literature)).
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Luigi Pirandello
Luigi Pirandello (28 June 1867 – 10 December 1936) was an Italian dramatist, novelist, poet, and short story writer whose greatest contributions were his plays.
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Luigi Pulci
Luigi Pulci (15 August 1432 – 11 November 1484) was an Italian poet best known for his Morgante, an epic and parodistic poem about a giant who is converted to Christianity by Orlando and follows the knight in many adventures.
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Lyric poetry
Lyric poetry is a formal type of poetry which expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in the first person.
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Macaire
The name "Macaire" appears to have several claims of origin.
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Madrigal
A madrigal is a secular vocal music composition of the Renaissance and early Baroque eras.
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Magnus Felix Ennodius
Magnus Felix Ennodius (473 or 474 – 17 July 521 AD) was Bishop of Pavia in 514, and a Latin rhetorician and poet.
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Malaspina family
The Malaspina were a noble Italian family of langobard origin descended from Boniface I, Margrave of Tuscany through the Obertenghi line, which ruled Lunigiana from the 13th to the 14th century through many feuds and, since the 14th century, the marquisate of Massa and lordship of Carrara, then Duchy of Massa and Carrara, and latterly Principality of Massa and Marquisate of Carrara. Category:Italian noble families Category:Duchy of Massa and Carrara Category:Malaspina family Malaspina.
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Manfred
Manfred: A dramatic poem is a closet drama written in 1816–1817 by Lord Byron.
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Manfred III, Marquess of Saluzzo
Manfred III (died 1244) was the third Marquess of Saluzzo, from 1215 to his death.
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Manfred, King of Sicily
Manfred (Manfredi di Sicilia; 1232 – 26 February 1266) was the King of Sicily from 1258 to 1266.
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Mannerism
Mannerism, also known as Late Renaissance, is a style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520 and lasted until about the end of the 16th century in Italy, when the Baroque style began to replace it.
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Mantua
Mantua (Mantova; Emilian and Latin: Mantua) is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy, and capital of the province of the same name.
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Marco Polo
Marco Polo (1254January 8–9, 1324) was an Italian merchant, explorer, and writer, born in the Republic of Venice.
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Maria Antonia Scalera Stellini
Maria Antonia Scalera Stellini (5 February 1634 – 21 September 1704) was a 17th-century Italian poet and playwright.
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Mario Rapisardi
Mario Rapisardi (25 February 1844, Catania – 4 January 1912, Catania) was an Italian poet, supporter of Risorgimento and member of the Scapigliatura (definition but refused).
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Marsilio Ficino
Marsilio Ficino (Latin name: Marsilius Ficinus; 19 October 1433 – 1 October 1499) was an Italian scholar and Catholic priest who was one of the most influential humanist philosophers of the early Italian Renaissance.
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Masuccio Salernitano
Masuccio Salernitano (1410–1475), born Tommaso Guardati, was an Italian poet.
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Matilde Serao
Matilde Serao, by Rossi Matilde Serao (7 March, 1856 – 25 July 1927) was a Greek-born Italian journalist and novelist.
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Matteo Bandello
Matteo Bandello (Mathieu Bandel; 1480 – 1562) was an Italian writer, soldier, monk, and later, a Bishop mostly known for his novellas.
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Matteo Maria Boiardo
Matteo Maria Boiardo (144019/20 December 1494) was an Italian Renaissance poet.
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Matter of Britain
The Matter of Britain is the body of Medieval literature and legendary material associated with Great Britain, and sometimes Brittany, and the legendary kings and heroes associated with it, particularly King Arthur.
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Matter of France
The Matter of France, also known as the Carolingian cycle, is a body of literature and legendary material associated with the history of France, in particular involving Charlemagne and his associates.
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Medieval commune
Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical defense and of traditional freedoms) among the citizens of a town or city.
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Medieval literature
Medieval literature is a broad subject, encompassing essentially all written works available in Europe and beyond during the Middle Ages (that is, the one thousand years from the fall of the Western Roman Empire ca. AD 500 to the beginning of the Florentine Renaissance in the late 15th century).
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Melodrama
A melodrama is a dramatic work in which the plot, which is typically sensational and designed to appeal strongly to the emotions, takes precedence over detailed characterization.
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Messina
Messina (Sicilian: Missina; Messana, Μεσσήνη) is the capital of the Italian Metropolitan City of Messina.
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Metamorphoses
The Metamorphoses (Metamorphōseōn librī: "Books of Transformations") is a Latin narrative poem by the Roman poet Ovid, considered his magnum opus.
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Metaphor
A metaphor is a figure of speech that directly refers to one thing by mentioning another for rhetorical effect.
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Metaphysics
Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of being, existence, and reality.
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Michel de Montaigne
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne, Lord of Montaigne (28 February 1533 – 13 September 1592) was one of the most significant philosophers of the French Renaissance, known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre.
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Michelangelo
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni or more commonly known by his first name Michelangelo (6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564) was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet of the High Renaissance born in the Republic of Florence, who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art.
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Michele Amari
Michele Amari (July 7, 1806 – July 16, 1889) was an Italian patriot and historian.
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Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
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Milan
Milan (Milano; Milan) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome, with the city proper having a population of 1,380,873 while its province-level municipality has a population of 3,235,000.
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Milanese dialect
Milanese (endonym in traditional orthography Milanes, Meneghin) is the central dialect of the Western variety of the Lombard language spoken in Milan, the rest of its metropolitan city, and the northernmost part of the province of Pavia.
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Modena
Modena (Mutna; Mutina; Modenese: Mòdna) is a city and comune (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy.
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Modernism
Modernism is a philosophical movement that, along with cultural trends and changes, arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
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Molière
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, known by his stage name Molière (15 January 162217 February 1673), was a French playwright, actor and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the French language and universal literature.
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Morgante
For people with the surname, see Morgante (surname). Morgante, sometimes also called Morgante Maggiore (i.e. the "Greater Morgante", the name give to the complete 28-canto, 30,080-line edition published in 1483See Lèbano's introduction to the Tusiani translation, p. xxii.), is an Italian romantic epic by Luigi Pulci which appeared in its final form in 1483; a now lost 23 canto version likely appeared in late 1478; two other 23 canto versions were published in 1481 and 1482.
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Muzio
Muzio is an Italian given name and surname.
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Mystery play
Mystery plays and miracle plays (they are distinguished as two different forms although the terms are often used interchangeably) are among the earliest formally developed plays in medieval Europe.
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Mysticism
Mysticism is the practice of religious ecstasies (religious experiences during alternate states of consciousness), together with whatever ideologies, ethics, rites, myths, legends, and magic may be related to them.
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Mythology
Mythology refers variously to the collected myths of a group of people or to the study of such myths.
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Nabucco
Nabucco (short for Nabucodonosor ~, English Nebuchadnezzar) is an Italian-language opera in four acts composed in 1841 by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera.
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Naples
Naples (Napoli, Napule or; Neapolis; lit) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.
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Napoleon
Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.
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Niccolò Machiavelli
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was an Italian diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, humanist, and writer of the Renaissance period.
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Nicoletto da Torino
Nicoletto da Torino (Occitan: Nic(c)olet de Turin or Nicolez de Turrin) was a Piedmontese jongleur and troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century, probably from Turin, though some believe that to be his father's name.
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Nobel Prize in Literature
The Nobel Prize in Literature (Nobelpriset i litteratur) is a Swedish literature prize that has been awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning").
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Normans
The Normans (Norman: Normaunds; Normands; Normanni) were the people who, in the 10th and 11th centuries, gave their name to Normandy, a region in France.
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Notary public
A notary public (or notary or public notary) of the common law is a public officer constituted by law to serve the public in non-contentious matters usually concerned with estates, deeds, powers-of-attorney, and foreign and international business.
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Novara
Novara (Nuàra in the local Lombard dialect) is the capital city of the province of Novara in the Piedmont region in northwest Italy, to the west of Milan.
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Obs de Biguli
Obs de Biguli (fl. 1220) was a troubadour from Lombardy and one of the few troubadours known by name none of whose works survive.
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Occitan language
Occitan, also known as lenga d'òc (langue d'oc) by its native speakers, is a Romance language.
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Occitania
Occitania (Occitània,,,, or) is the historical region and a nation, in southern Europe where Occitan was historically the main language spoken, and where it is sometimes still used, for the most part as a second language.
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Odyssey
The Odyssey (Ὀδύσσεια Odýsseia, in Classical Attic) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer.
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Olindo Guerrini
Olindo Guerrini (14 October 1845 - 21 October 1916) was an Italian poet who also published under the pseudonyms Lorenzo Stecchetti and Argìa Sbolenfi.
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Orbecche
Orbecche is a tragedy written by Giovanni Battista Giraldi in 1541.
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Orlando Furioso
Orlando Furioso ("The Frenzy of Orlando", more literally "Raging Roland"; in Italian titled "Orlando furioso" as the "F" is never capitalized) is an Italian epic poem by Ludovico Ariosto which has exerted a wide influence on later culture.
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Orlando Innamorato
Orlando Innamorato (known in English as "Orlando in Love"; in Italian titled "Orlando innamorato" as the "I" is never capitalized) is an epic poem written by the Italian Renaissance author Matteo Maria Boiardo.
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Orosius
Paulus Orosius (born 375, died after 418 AD) — less often Paul Orosius in English — was a Gallaecian Chalcedonian priest, historian and theologian, a student of Augustine of Hippo.
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Oscar Wilde
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 185430 November 1900) was an Irish poet and playwright.
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Ottava rima
Ottava rima is a rhyming stanza form of Italian origin.
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
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Our Ancestors
Our Ancestors (Italian: I Nostri Antenati) is the name of Italo Calvino's "heraldic trilogy" that comprises The Cloven Viscount (1952), The Baron in the Trees (1957), and The Nonexistent Knight (1959).
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Ovid
Publius Ovidius Naso (20 March 43 BC – 17/18 AD), known as Ovid in the English-speaking world, was a Roman poet who lived during the reign of Augustus.
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Padua
Padua (Padova; Pàdova) is a city and comune in Veneto, northern Italy.
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Pantalone
Pantalone, spelled Pantaloon in English, is one of the most important principal characters found in commedia dell'arte.
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Paolo Costa
Paolo Costa (born 23 July 1943 in Venice) is the President of the Venice Port Authority.
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Paolo Ferrari (writer)
Paolo Ferrari (1822–1889), Italian dramatist, was born at Modena.
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Paolo Lanfranchi da Pistoia
Paolo Lanfranchi da Pistoia (Paulo Ianfranchi de Pistoia; fl. 1282–1295) was a noted Italian poet who wrote in both the Italian and Occitan languages.
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Paolo Paruta
Paolo Paruta (14 May 1540 – 6 December 1598) was a Venetian historian and statesman.
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Paolo Rolli
Paolo Antonio Rolli (13 June 1687 – 20 March 1765) was an Italian librettist and poet.
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Paradise
Paradise is the term for a place of timeless harmony.
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Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
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Parma
Parma (Pärma) is a city in the northern Italian region of Emilia-Romagna famous for its prosciutto (ham), cheese, architecture, music and surrounding countryside.
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Paulinus II of Aquileia
Saint Paulinus II (726 – 11 January 802 or 804 AD) was a priest, theologian, poet, and one of the most eminent scholars of the Carolingian Renaissance.
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Peire de la Mula
Peire (or Pietro) de la Mula (fl. c. 1200) was an Italian troubadour.
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Peire Guilhem de Luserna
Peire Guilhem de Luserna (Pietro Guglielmo di Luserna) was a Piedmontese troubadour.
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Peire Raimon de Tolosa
Peire Raimon de Tolosa or Toloza (fl. 1180–1220)Aubrey, 17.
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Pelican Books
Pelican Books is a non-fiction imprint of Penguin Books.
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Perceval Doria
Perceval Doria (born c. 1195, died 1264) was a Genoese naval and military leader in the thirteenth century.
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Perugia
Perugia (Perusia) is the capital city of both the region of Umbria in central Italy, crossed by the river Tiber, and of the province of Perugia.
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Peter of Pisa
Peter of Pisa (Petrus Pisanus; Pietro da Pisa; 744 – 799 AD), also known as Petrus Grammaticus, was an Italian grammarian, deacon and poet in the early middle ages.
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Petrarch
Francesco Petrarca (July 20, 1304 – July 18/19, 1374), commonly anglicized as Petrarch, was a scholar and poet of Renaissance Italy who was one of the earliest humanists.
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Philosophy
Philosophy (from Greek φιλοσοφία, philosophia, literally "love of wisdom") is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
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Phonotactics
Phonotactics (from Ancient Greek phōnḗ "voice, sound" and tacticós "having to do with arranging") is a branch of phonology that deals with restrictions in a language on the permissible combinations of phonemes.
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Pier Paolo Pasolini
Pier Paolo Pasolini (5 March 1922 – 2 November 1975) was an Italian film director, poet, writer, and intellectual.
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Piero Capponi
Piero Capponi (1447 – September 25, 1496) was an Italian statesman and warrior from Florence.
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Pietro Aretino
Pietro Aretino (19 or 20 April 1492 – 21 October 1556) was an Italian author, playwright, poet, satirist and blackmailer, who wielded influence on contemporary art and politics and developed modern literary pornography.
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Pietro Bembo
Pietro Bembo, (20 May 1470 – either 11 January or 18 January, 1547) was an Italian scholar, poet, literary theorist, member of the Knights Hospitaller and a cardinal.
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Pietro Colletta
Pietro Colletta (January 23, 1775 – November 11, 1831) was a Neapolitan general and historian, entered the Neapolitan artillery in 1796 and took part in the campaign against the French in 1798.
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Pietro Cossa
Pietro Cossa (25 January 1830 – 30 August 1881) was an Italian dramatist.
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Pietro della Vigna
Pietro della Vigna, (also Pier delle Vigne, Petrus de Vineas or de Vineis; c. 1190–1249), was an Italian jurist and diplomat, who acted as chancellor and secretary (logothete) to Emperor Frederick II.
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Pietro Giordani
Pietro Giordani (January 1, 1774 – September 2, 1848) was an Italian writer, classical literary scholar, and a close friend of, and influence on, Giacomo Leopardi.
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Pietro Metastasio
Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi, better known by his pseudonym of Pietro Metastasio (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782), was an Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of opera seria libretti.
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Pietro Pomponazzi
Pietro Pomponazzi (16 September 1462 – 18 May 1525) was an Italian philosopher.
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Pindar
Pindar (Πίνδαρος Pindaros,; Pindarus; c. 522 – c. 443 BC) was an Ancient Greek lyric poet from Thebes.
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Pisa
Pisa is a city in the Tuscany region of Central Italy straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea.
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Pistoia
Pistoia is a city and comune in the Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of a province of the same name, located about west and north of Florence and is crossed by the Ombrone Pistoiese, a tributary of the River Arno.
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Planh
The planh or plaing ("lament") is a funeral lament used by the troubadours, modeled on the medieval Latin planctus.
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Platonic love
Platonic love (often lower-cased as platonic) is a term used for a type of love, or close relationship that is non-sexual.
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Plautus
Titus Maccius Plautus (c. 254 – 184 BC), commonly known as Plautus, was a Roman playwright of the Old Latin period.
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Plutarch
Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarkhos,; c. CE 46 – CE 120), later named, upon becoming a Roman citizen, Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus, (Λούκιος Μέστριος Πλούταρχος) was a Greek biographer and essayist, known primarily for his Parallel Lives and Moralia.
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Podestà
Podestà is the name given to certain high officials in many Italian cities beginning in the later Middle Ages.
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Poetry
Poetry (the term derives from a variant of the Greek term, poiesis, "making") is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.
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Poitou
Poitou, in Poitevin: Poetou, was a province of west-central France whose capital city was Poitiers.
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Polemic
A polemic is contentious rhetoric that is intended to support a specific position by aggressive claims and undermining of the opposing position.
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Political corruption
Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials or their network contacts for illegitimate private gain.
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Political poetry
Political poetry brings together politics and poetry.
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Poliziano
Angelo Ambrogini (14 July 1454 – 24 September 1494), commonly known by his nickname Poliziano (anglicized as Politian; Latin: Politianus), was an Italian classical scholar and poet of the Florentine Renaissance.
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Pollaiolo
Pollaiulo is the name of several people.
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Pope
The pope (papa from πάππας pappas, a child's word for "father"), also known as the supreme pontiff (from Latin pontifex maximus "greatest priest"), is the Bishop of Rome and therefore ex officio the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church.
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Pope Boniface VIII
Pope Boniface VIII (Bonifatius VIII; born Benedetto Caetani (c. 1230 – 11 October 1303), was Pope from 24 December 1294 to his death in 1303. He organized the first Catholic "jubilee" year to take place in Rome and declared that both spiritual and temporal power were under the pope's jurisdiction, and that kings were subordinate to the power of the Roman pontiff. Today, he is probably best remembered for his feuds with King Philip IV of France, who caused the Pope's death, and Dante Alighieri, who placed the pope in the Eighth Circle of Hell in his Divine Comedy, among the simoniacs.
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Pope Celestine V
Pope Celestine V (Caelestinus V; 1215 – 19 May 1296), born Pietro Angelerio (according to some sources Angelario, Angelieri, Angelliero, or Angeleri), also known as Pietro da Morrone, Peter of Morrone, and Peter Celestine, was pope for five months from 5 July to 13 December 1294, when he resigned.
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Pope Innocent III
Pope Innocent III (Innocentius III; 1160 or 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni) reigned from 8 January 1198 to his death in 1216.
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Pope Innocent VII
Pope Innocent VII (Innocentius VII; 1339 – 6 November 1406), born Cosimo de' Migliorati, was Pope from 17 October 1404 to his death in 1406.
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Pope Leo X
Pope Leo X (11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521), born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, was Pope from 9 March 1513 to his death in 1521.
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Pope Nicholas V
Pope Nicholas V (Nicholaus V) (13 November 1397 – 24 March 1455), born Tommaso Parentucelli, was Pope from 6 March 1447 until his death.
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Pope Pius II
Pope Pius II (Pius PP., Pio II), born Enea Silvio Bartolomeo Piccolomini (Aeneas Silvius Bartholomeus; 18 October 1405 – 14 August 1464) was Pope from 19 August 1458 to his death in 1464.
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Pope Sixtus IV
Pope Sixtus IV (21 July 1414 – 12 August 1484), born Francesco della Rovere, was Pope from 9 August 1471 to his death in 1484.
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Positivism
Positivism is a philosophical theory stating that certain ("positive") knowledge is based on natural phenomena and their properties and relations.
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Postmodernism
Postmodernism is a broad movement that developed in the mid- to late-20th century across philosophy, the arts, architecture, and criticism and that marked a departure from modernism.
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Primo Levi
Primo Michele Levi (31 July 1919 – 11 April 1987) was an Italian Jewish chemist, writer, and Holocaust survivor.
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Pro Ligario
Cicero's oration Pro Ligario is the published literary form of his defense of Quintus Ligarius before Julius Caesar in 46 BC.
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Pro Marcello
Pro Marcello is a speech by Marcus Tullius Cicero.
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Provence
Provence (Provençal: Provença in classical norm or Prouvènço in Mistralian norm) is a geographical region and historical province of southeastern France, which extends from the left bank of the lower Rhône River to the west to the Italian border to the east, and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the south.
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Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus
Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus, commonly referred to simply as Vegetius, was a writer of the Later Roman Empire (late 4th century).
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Purgatory
In Roman Catholic theology, purgatory (via Anglo-Norman and Old French) is an intermediate state after physical death in which some of those ultimately destined for heaven must first "undergo purification, so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of heaven," holding that "certain offenses can be forgiven in this age, but certain others in the age to come." And that entrance into Heaven requires the "remission before God of the temporal punishment due to sins whose guilt has already been forgiven," for which indulgences may be given which remove "either part or all of the temporal punishment due to sin," such as an "unhealthy attachment" to sin.
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Quintus Aurelius Symmachus
Quintus Aurelius Symmachus (c. 345 – 402) was a Roman statesman, orator, and man of letters.
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Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
Raimbaut de Vaqueiras or Vaqueyras (fl. 1180 – 1207) was a Provençal troubadour and, later in his life, knight.
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Rambertino Buvalelli
Rambertino di Guido Buvalelli (1170/1180 – September 1221), a Bolognese judge, statesman, diplomat, and poet, was the earliest of the podestà-troubadours of thirteenth-century Lombardy.
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Ravenna
Ravenna (also locally; Ravèna) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy.
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Razo
A razo (literally "cause", "reason") was a short piece of Occitan prose detailing the circumstances of a troubadour composition.
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Recanati
Recanati is a town and comune in the Province of Macerata, in the Marche region of Italy.
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Reformation in Italy
The Protestant Reformation began in 1520s in the Italian states, although forms of pre-Protestantism were already present before the 16th century (including the Waldensians, Arnoldists, Girolamo Savonarola, etc.). The Reformation collapsed quickly at the beginning of the 17th century.
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Renaissance
The Renaissance is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries.
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Renato Fucini
Renato Fucini (1843–1921) was an Italian writer and poet.
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René Descartes
René Descartes (Latinized: Renatus Cartesius; adjectival form: "Cartesian"; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist.
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Restoro d'Arezzo
Ristoro or Restoro d'Arezzo was an Italian monk of the 13th century, author of the Composizione del Mondo of c. 1282.
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Revolutions of 1848
The Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations, People's Spring, Springtime of the Peoples, or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe in 1848.
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Rhetoric
Rhetoric is the art of discourse, wherein a writer or speaker strives to inform, persuade, or motivate particular audiences in specific situations.
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Rhetorica ad Herennium
The Rhetorica ad Herennium (Rhetoric: For Herennius), formerly attributed to Cicero or Cornificius, but in fact of unknown authorship, sometimes ascribed to an unnamed doctor, is the oldest surviving Latin book on rhetoric, dating from the late 80s BC, and is still used today as a textbook on the structure and uses of rhetoric and persuasion.
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Richard Garnett (writer)
Richard Garnett C.B. (27 February 1835 – 13 April 1906) was a scholar, librarian, biographer and poet.
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Ritmo bellunese
The Ritmo bellunese or Cantilena bellunese is a brief vernacular Italian passage in an anonymous fragment of a medieval Latin chronicle of events in the history of Belluno between 1183 and 1196.
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Ritmo cassinese
Ai Deu, que pentia null'omo fare questa bita regnare, deducere, deportare? Mort'è, non guita gustare.
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Ritmo di Sant'Alessio
The Ritmo di Sant'Alessio or Ritmo marchigiano su Sant'Alessio is a late twelfth-century metrical ''vita'' of the legendary saint Alexius of Rome composed for public performance by an anonymous giullare.
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Ritmo lucchese
The Ritmo lucchese is an anonymous vernacular poem in a Tuscan ''koiné''.
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Robert Browning
Robert Browning (7 May 1812 – 12 December 1889) was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of the dramatic monologue made him one of the foremost Victorian poets.
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Romagna
Romagna (Romagnol: Rumâgna) is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna.
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Pozzuoli
The Diocese of Pozzuoli (Dioecesis Puteolana) is a Roman Catholic bishopric in Campania, southern Italy.
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Roman law
Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (c. 449 BC), to the Corpus Juris Civilis (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I. Roman law forms the basic framework for civil law, the most widely used legal system today, and the terms are sometimes used synonymously.
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Romanticism
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850.
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Round Table
The Round Table is King Arthur's famed table in the Arthurian legend, around which he and his knights congregate.
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Rustichello da Pisa
Rustichello da Pisa, also known as Rusticiano (fl. late 13th century), was an Italian romance writer.
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Saint Peter
Saint Peter (Syriac/Aramaic: ܫܸܡܥܘܿܢ ܟܹ݁ܐܦ݂ܵܐ, Shemayon Keppa; שמעון בר יונה; Petros; Petros; Petrus; r. AD 30; died between AD 64 and 68), also known as Simon Peter, Simeon, or Simon, according to the New Testament, was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ, leaders of the early Christian Great Church.
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Salerno
Salerno (Salernitano: Salierne) is a city and comune in Campania (southwestern Italy) and is the capital of the province of the same name.
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Salv'a lo vescovo senato
Salv'a lo vescovo senato, also known as the Cantilena giullaresca, because it was written for performance by a jongleur, or Ritmo laurenziano, because it was found in a codex (Santa Croce XV, IV) of the Biblioteca Mediceo Laurenziana in Florence, is a lyric poem in the Tuscan language.
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Salvator Rosa
Salvator Rosa (June 20 or July 21, 1615 – March 15, 1673) was an Italian Baroque painter, poet, and printmaker, who was active in Naples, Rome, and Florence.
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Salvatore Farina
Salvatore Farina (10 January 1846 – 15 December 1918) was an Italian novelist whose style of sentimental humor has been compared to that of Charles Dickens.
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Salvatore Quasimodo
Salvatore Quasimodo (August 20, 1901 – June 14, 1968) was an Sicilian novelist and poet.
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Samuel Beckett
Samuel Barclay Beckett (13 April 1906 – 22 December 1989) was an Irish avant-garde novelist, playwright, theatre director, poet, and literary translator who lived in Paris for most of his adult life.
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Sandro Botticelli
Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi (c. 1445 – May 17, 1510), known as Sandro Botticelli, was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance.
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Sarcasm
Sarcasm is "a sharp, bitter, or cutting expression or remark; a bitter gibe or taunt".
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Sardinia
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Sardinian people
The Sardinians, or also the Sards (Sardos or Sardus; Italian and Sassarese: Sardi; Catalan: Sards or Sardos; Gallurese: Saldi; Ligurian: Sordi), are the native people and ethnic group from which Sardinia, a western Mediterranean island and autonomous region of Italy, derives its name.
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Sarzana
Sarzana is a town, comune (municipality) and former short-lived Catholic bishopric in the Province of La Spezia, of Liguria region, northwestern Italy, east of Spezia, on the railway to Pisa, at the point where the railway to Parma diverges to the north.
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Satire
Satire is a genre of literature, and sometimes graphic and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.
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Savona
Savona (Ligurian: Sann-a is a seaport and comune in the west part of the northern Italian region of Liguria, capital of the Province of Savona, in the Riviera di Ponente on the Mediterranean Sea. Savona used to be one of the chief seats of the Italian iron industry, having iron-works and foundries, shipbuilding, railway workshops, engineering shops, and a brass foundry. One of the most celebrated former inhabitants of Savona was the navigator Christopher Columbus, who farmed land in the area while chronicling his journeys. 'Columbus's house', a cottage situated in the Savona hills, lay between vegetable crops and fruit trees. It is one of several residences in Liguria associated with Columbus.
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Scandiano
Scandiano (Reggiano: Scandiân) is a town and comune in Emilia-Romagna, in the northeast part of the country of Italy, near the city of Reggio nell'Emilia and the Secchia river.
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Scapigliatura
Scapigliatura is the name of an artistic movement that developed in Italy after the Risorgimento period (1815–1871).
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Scholasticism
Scholasticism is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics ("scholastics", or "schoolmen") of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100 to 1700, and a program of employing that method in articulating and defending dogma in an increasingly pluralistic context.
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Scipio Africanus
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (236–183 BC), also known as Scipio the African, Scipio Africanus-Major, Scipio Africanus the Elder and Scipio the Great, was a Roman general and later consul who is often regarded as one of the greatest generals and military strategists of all time.
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Scrivener
A scrivener (or scribe) was a person who could read and write or who wrote letters to court and legal documents.
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Seneca the Younger
Seneca the Younger AD65), fully Lucius Annaeus Seneca and also known simply as Seneca, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and—in one work—satirist of the Silver Age of Latin literature.
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Sicilian language
Sicilian (sicilianu; in Italian: Siciliano; also known as Siculo (siculu) or Calabro-Sicilian) is a Romance language spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.
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Sicilian Mafia
The Sicilian Mafia, also known as simply the Mafia and frequently referred to by members as Cosa Nostra (this thing of ours), is a criminal syndicate in Sicily, Italy.
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Sicilian School
The Sicilian School was a small community of Sicilian, and to a lesser extent, mainland Italian poets gathered around Frederick II, most of them belonging to his court, the Magna Curia.
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Sicilian Vespers
The Sicilian Vespers (Vespri siciliani; Vespiri siciliani) is the name given to the successful rebellion on the island of Sicily that broke out at Easter, 1282 against the rule of the French-born king Charles I, who had ruled the Kingdom of Sicily since 1266.
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Sicily
Sicily (Sicilia; Sicìlia) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Siena
Siena (in English sometimes spelled Sienna; Sena Iulia) is a city in Tuscany, Italy.
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Silvio Pellico
Silvio Pellico (24 June 1789 – 31 January 1854) was an Italian writer, poet, dramatist and patriot active in the Italian unification.
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Simon Doria
Simon Doria (Simone, Symon; fl. 1250–1293) was a Genoese statesman and man of letters, of the important Doria family.
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Sirventes
The sirventes or serventes, sometimes translated as "service song", was a genre of Old Occitan lyric poetry practiced by the troubadours.
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Six Characters in Search of an Author
Six Characters in Search of an Author (Sei personaggi in cerca d'autore) is an Italian play by Luigi Pirandello, written and first performed in 1921.
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Society of Jesus
The Society of Jesus (SJ – from Societas Iesu) is a scholarly religious congregation of the Catholic Church which originated in sixteenth-century Spain.
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Sonnet
A sonnet is a poem in a specific form which originated in Italy; Giacomo da Lentini is credited with its invention.
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Sordello
Sordello da Goito or Sordel de Goit (sometimes Sordell) was a 13th-century Italian troubadour, born in the municipality of Goito in the province of Mantua.
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Sperone Speroni
Sperone Speroni degli Alvarotti (1500–1588) was an Italian Renaissance humanist, scholar and dramatist.
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Speroni
Speroni is an Italian surname.
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Swabia
Swabia (Schwaben, colloquially Schwabenland or Ländle; in English also archaic Suabia or Svebia) is a cultural, historic and linguistic region in southwestern Germany.
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Tacitus
Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (–) was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire.
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Terramagnino da Pisa
Terramagnino da Pisa was a Pisan author in Italian and Occitan of the second half of the 13th century.
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Terza rima
Terza rima is a rhyming verse stanza form that consists of an interlocking three-line rhyme scheme.
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The Betrothed (Manzoni novel)
The Betrothed (I promessi sposi) is an Italian historical novel by Alessandro Manzoni, first published in 1827, in three volumes.
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The Conformist
The Conformist (Il conformista) is a novel by Alberto Moravia published in 1951, which details the life and desire for normalcy of a government official during Italy's fascist period.
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The Day of the Owl
The Day of the Owl (Il giorno della civetta) is a crime novel about the Mafia by Leonardo Sciascia, finished in 1960 and published in 1961.
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The Decameron
The Decameron (Italian title: "Decameron" or "Decamerone"), subtitled "Prince Galehaut" (Old Prencipe Galeotto and sometimes nicknamed "Umana commedia", "Human comedy"), is a collection of novellas by the 14th-century Italian author Giovanni Boccaccio (1313–1375).
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The English Historical Review
The English Historical Review is a peer-reviewed academic journal that was established in 1886 and published by Oxford University Press (formerly Longman).
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The Golden Ass
The Metamorphoses of Apuleius, which St. Augustine referred to as The Golden Ass (Asinus aureus), is the only ancient Roman novel in Latin to survive in its entirety.
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The Leopard
The Leopard (Il Gattopardo) is a novel by Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa that chronicles the changes in Sicilian life and society during the Risorgimento.
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The Moon and the Bonfires
The Moon and the Bonfires is an English translation of the novel La Luna e i Falò, by the Italian poet and novelist Cesare Pavese.
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The Name of the Rose
The Name of the Rose (Il nome della rosa) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco.
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The Travels of Marco Polo
Book of the Marvels of the World (French: Livre des Merveilles du Monde) or Description of the World (Devisement du Monde), in Italian Il Milione (The Million) or Oriente Poliano and in English commonly called The Travels of Marco Polo, is a 13th-century travelogue written down by Rustichello da Pisa from stories told by Marco Polo, describing Polo's travels through Asia between 1271 and 1295, and his experiences at the court of Kublai Khan.
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Theatre of ancient Greece
The ancient Greek drama was a theatrical culture that flourished in ancient Greece from c. 700 BC.
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Theoderic the Great
Theoderic the Great (454 – 30 August 526), often referred to as Theodoric (*𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃,, Flāvius Theodericus, Teodorico, Θευδέριχος,, Þēodrīc, Þjōðrēkr, Theoderich), was king of the Ostrogoths (475–526), ruler of Italy (493–526), regent of the Visigoths (511–526), and a patricius of the Roman Empire.
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Theology
Theology is the critical study of the nature of the divine.
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Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη, Thessaloníki), also familiarly known as Thessalonica, Salonica, or Salonika is the second-largest city in Greece, with over 1 million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of Greek Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.
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Third order
In relation to religious orders, a third order is an association of persons who live according to the ideals and spirit of a Catholic, Anglican, or Lutheran religious order, but do not belong to its "first order" (generally, in the Catholic Church, the male religious: for example Franciscans, Dominicans, Carmelite and Augustinian friars), or its "second order" (contemplative female religious associated with the "first order").
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Thomas Aquinas
Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church.
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Tibullus
Albius Tibullus (BC19 BC) was a Latin poet and writer of elegies.
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Tomb
A tomb (from τύμβος tumbos) is a repository for the remains of the dead.
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Tommaso Campanella
Tommaso Campanella OP (5 September 1568 – 21 May 1639), baptized Giovanni Domenico Campanella, was a Dominican friar, Italian philosopher, theologian, astrologer, and poet.
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Tommaso Grossi
Tommaso Grossi (January 20, 1791December 10, 1853) was an Italian poet and novelist.
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Torquato Tasso
Torquato Tasso (11 March 1544 – 25 April 1595) was an Italian poet of the 16th century, best known for his poem Gerusalemme liberata (Jerusalem Delivered, 1581), in which he depicts a highly imaginative version of the combats between Christians and Muslims at the end of the First Crusade, during the Siege of Jerusalem.
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Torture
Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.
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Town square
A town square is an open public space commonly found in the heart of a traditional town used for community gatherings.
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Translation
Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text.
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Treaty of Campo Formio
The Treaty of Campo Formio (today Campoformido) was signed on 18 October 1797 (27 Vendémiaire VI) by Napoleon Bonaparte and Count Philipp von Cobenzl as representatives of the French Republic and the Austrian monarchy, respectively.
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Triumphs
Triumphs (Italian: Trionfi) is a series of poems by Petrarch in the Tuscan language evoking the Roman ceremony of triumph, where victorious generals and their armies were led in procession by the captives and spoils they had taken in war.
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Trivia
Trivia refers to bits of information, often of little importance.
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Troilus and Cressida
Troilus and Cressida is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in 1602.
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Troubadour
A troubadour (trobador, archaically: -->) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350).
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Tullia d'Aragona
Tullia d'Aragona (c. 1510 – 1556) was a 16th-century Italian poet, author and philosopher.
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Turin
Turin (Torino; Turin) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy.
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Tuscan dialect
Tuscan (dialetto toscano) is a set of Italo-Dalmatian varieties mainly spoken in Tuscany, Italy.
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Tuscany
Tuscany (Toscana) is a region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants (2013).
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Uc de Saint Circ
Uc de Saint Circ (San Sir) or Hugues (Hugh) de Saint Circq (fl. 1217–1253Aubrey, The Music of the Troubadours, 22–23.) was a troubadour from Quercy.
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Ugo Foscolo
Ugo Foscolo (6 February 1778 in Zakynthos10 September 1827 in Turnham Green), born Niccolò Foscolo, was an Italian writer, freemason, revolutionary and poet.
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Ugolino della Gherardesca
Count Ugolino della Gherardesca (March 1289), count of Donoratico, was an Italian nobleman, politician and naval commander.
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Umberto Eco
Umberto Eco (5 January 1932 – 19 February 2016) was an Italian novelist, literary critic, philosopher, semiotician, and university professor.
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Umberto Saba
Umberto Saba (9 March 1883 – 26 August 1957) was an Italian poet and novelist, born Umberto Poli in the cosmopolitan Mediterranean port of Trieste when it was the fourth largest city of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
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Umbria
Umbria is a region of central Italy.
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Urbino
Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482.
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Venantius Fortunatus
Venantius Honorius Clementianus Fortunatus (530 – 600/609 AD) was a Latin poet and hymnodist in the Merovingian Court, and a Bishop of the Early Church.
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Venetian language
Venetian or Venetan (Venetian: vèneto, vènet or łéngua vèneta) is a Romance language spoken as a native language by almost four million people in the northeast of Italy,Ethnologue.
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Venice
Venice (Venezia,; Venesia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
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Verismo (literature)
Verismo (from, meaning "true") was an Italian literary movement which peaked between approximately 1875 and the early 1900s.
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Vernacular
A vernacular, or vernacular language, is the language or variety of a language used in everyday life by the common people of a specific population.
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Vernacular literature
Vernacular literature is literature written in the vernacular—the speech of the "common people".
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Veronica Gambara
Veronica Gambara (November 30, 1485 – June 13, 1550) was an Italian poet, stateswoman and political leader.
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Vespasiano da Bisticci
Vespasiano da Bisticci (1421–1498) was an Italian humanist and librarian of the early Renaissance period.
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Vibius Sequester
Vibius Sequester (active in the 4th or 5th century AD) is the Latin author of lists of geographical names.
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Vicenza
Vicenza is a city in northeastern Italy.
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Vida (Occitan literary form)
Vida is the usual term for a brief prose biography, written in Old Occitan, of a troubadour or trobairitz.
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Vienna
Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.
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Villa Medici at Careggi
The Villa Medici at Careggi is a patrician villa in the hills near Florence, Tuscany, central Italy.
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Vincenzo da Filicaja
Cameo of Vincenzo da Filicaja. Vincenzo da Filicaja (30 December 1642 – 24 September 1707) was an Italian poet.
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Vincenzo Gioberti
Vincenzo Gioberti (5 April 1801 – 26 October 1852) was an Italian philosopher, publicist and politician.
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Vincenzo Monti
Vincenzo Monti (19 February 1754 – 13 October 1828) was an Italian poet, playwright, translator, and scholar.
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Virgil
Publius Vergilius Maro (traditional dates October 15, 70 BC – September 21, 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period.
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Visconti of Milan
Visconti is the family name of important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages.
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Vittoria Colonna
Vittoria Colonna (April 1492 – 25 February 1547), marchioness of Pescara, was an Italian noblewoman and poet.
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Vittorio Alfieri
Count Vittorio Alfieri (16 January 17498 October 1803) was an Italian dramatist and poet, considered the "founder of Italian tragedy.".
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Walter Scott
Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet (15 August 1771 – 21 September 1832) was a Scottish historical novelist, playwright, poet and historian.
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War novel
A war novel (military fiction) is a novel in which the primary action takes place on a battlefield, or in a civilian setting (or home front), where the characters are either preoccupied with the preparations for, suffering the effects of, or recovering from war.
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War of the Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a European conflict of the early 18th century, triggered by the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700.
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Werther
Werther is an opera (drame lyrique) in four acts by Jules Massenet to a French libretto by Édouard Blau, Paul Milliet and Georges Hartmann (who used the pseudonym Henri Grémont).
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Western Roman Empire
In historiography, the Western Roman Empire refers to the western provinces of the Roman Empire at any one time during which they were administered by a separate independent Imperial court, coequal with that administering the eastern half, then referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire.
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William VI, Marquess of Montferrat
William VI (c. 1173 – 17 September 1226) was the Marquess of Montferrat from 1203 and pretender to the Kingdom of Thessalonica from 1207.
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Italian Literature, Italian Renaissance literature, Literature of Italy.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_literature
