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37 relations: British Raj, Chowdhury, Delhi, Delhi Sultanate, Deshmukh, Devanagari, Dewan, East India Company, Feudalism, Feudalism in Pakistan, Government of India, Indian feudalism, Indian honorifics, International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, Iqta', Kulkarni, Kurnool, Lambardar, Life estate, Lists of princely states of India, Maktha, Mankari, Mansabdar, Mughal Empire, Nawab, Pargana, Patil (title), Rajput, Saranjamdar, Sardar, South Asia, Sultan, Supreme Court of India, The Crown, Village accountant, Zaildar, Zamindar.
British Raj
The British Raj (from rāj, literally, "rule" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947.
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Chowdhury
The Chaudhary’s by the meaning of the name itself are the members of the elite upper higher class who ruled before the British Rule in India.
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Delhi
Delhi (Dilli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India.
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Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate (Persian:دهلی سلطان, Urdu) was a Muslim sultanate based mostly in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526).
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Deshmukh
Deshmukh (देशमुख) or Dēśamukh is a historical title conferred to the rulers of a Dēśamukhi.
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Devanagari
Devanagari (देवनागरी,, a compound of "''deva''" देव and "''nāgarī''" नागरी; Hindi pronunciation), also called Nagari (Nāgarī, नागरी),Kathleen Kuiper (2010), The Culture of India, New York: The Rosen Publishing Group,, page 83 is an abugida (alphasyllabary) used in India and Nepal.
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Dewan
The originally Persian title dewan (also known as diwan, also spelled or devan/ divan) has, at various points in Islamic history, designated a powerful government official, minister or ruler.
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East India Company
The East India Company (EIC), also known as the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) or the British East India Company and informally as John Company, was an English and later British joint-stock company, formed to trade with the East Indies (in present-day terms, Maritime Southeast Asia), but ended up trading mainly with Qing China and seizing control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent.
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Feudalism
Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries.
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Feudalism in Pakistan
Feudalism in contemporary Pakistan (زمینداری نظام zamīndāri nizam) usually refers to the power and influence of large landowning families, particularly through very large estates and in more remote areas.
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Government of India
The Government of India (IAST), often abbreviated as GoI, is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic.
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Indian feudalism
Indian feudalism refers to the feudal society that made up India's social structure until independence in 1947.
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Indian honorifics
Indian honorifics are honorific titles or appendices to names used in India, covering formal and informal social, commercial, and religious relationships.
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International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration
The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (I.A.S.T.) is a transliteration scheme that allows the lossless romanization of Indic scripts as employed by Sanskrit and related Indic languages.
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Iqta'
Iqta‘ (اقطاع) was an Islamic practice of tax farming that became common in Muslim Asia during the Buyid dynasty.
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Kulkarni
Kulkarni is a family name native to the Indian state of Maharashtra and northern Karnataka.
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Kurnool
Kurnool is the headquarters of Kurnool district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
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Lambardar
Lambardar or Numbardar (नम्बरदार, ਲੰਬਰਦਾਰ, لمبردار or نمبردار) is a title in India and Pakistan which applies to powerful families of zamindars of the village revenue estate, a state-privileged status which is hereditary and has wide-ranging governmental powers: mainly revenue collection and a share in it, the collaboration with the police for maintaining law and order in the village, and it comes with the associated social prestige.
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Life estate
In common law and statutory law, a life estate is the ownership of land for the duration of a person's life.
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Lists of princely states of India
The following lists of princely states of (British) India have been compiled.
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Maktha
Maktha was a land grant in India similar to a jagir.
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Mankari
Mankari (Mānkari or Maankari) is a hereditary title used by Maratha nobles who held land grants, and cash allowances.
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Mansabdar
The Mansabdari system was the administrative system of the Mughal Empire introduced by Akbar.
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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire (گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān)) or Mogul Empire was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, but with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances; only the first two Mughal emperors were fully Central Asian, while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian ancestry. The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture, combining Persianate culture with local Indian cultural influences visible in its traits and customs. The Mughal Empire at its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan. It was the second largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith, after only the Maurya Empire, which spanned approximately five million square kilometres. The Mughal Empire ushered in a period of proto-industrialization, and around the 17th century, Mughal India became the world's largest economic power, accounting for 24.4% of world GDP, and the world leader in manufacturing, producing 25% of global industrial output up until the 18th century. The Mughal Empire is considered "India's last golden age" and one of the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires (along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia). The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat (1526). The Mughal emperors had roots in the Turco-Mongol Timurid dynasty of Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan (founder of the Mongol Empire, through his son Chagatai Khan) and Timur (Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire). During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire. The "classic period" of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne. Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir, the region enjoyed economic progress as well as religious harmony, and the monarchs were interested in local religious and cultural traditions. Akbar was a successful warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms. Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India, but most of them were subdued by Akbar. All Mughal emperors were Muslims; Akbar, however, propounded a syncretic religion in the latter part of his life called Dīn-i Ilāhī, as recorded in historical books like Ain-i-Akbari and Dabistān-i Mazāhib. The Mughal Empire did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence, but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites, leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule. Traditional and newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Maratha Empire|Marathas, the Rajputs, the Pashtuns, the Hindu Jats and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. The reign of Shah Jahan, the fifth emperor, between 1628 and 1658, was the zenith of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the Red Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Jama Masjid, Delhi, and the Lahore Fort. The Mughal Empire reached the zenith of its territorial expanse during the reign of Aurangzeb and also started its terminal decline in his reign due to Maratha military resurgence under Category:History of Bengal Category:History of West Bengal Category:History of Bangladesh Category:History of Kolkata Category:Empires and kingdoms of Afghanistan Category:Medieval India Category:Historical Turkic states Category:Mongol states Category:1526 establishments in the Mughal Empire Category:1857 disestablishments in the Mughal Empire Category:History of Pakistan.
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Nawab
Nawab (Eastern Nagari: নবাব/নওয়াব, Devanagari: नवाब/नबाब, Perso-Arab: نواب) also spelt Nawaab, Navaab, Navab, Nowab The title nawab was also awarded as a personal distinction by the paramount power, similarly to a British peerage, to persons and families who never ruled a princely state.
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Pargana
A pargana (परगना, پرگنہ, পরগণা), or parganah, also spelt pergunnah during the time of the Sultanate period, Mughal times and British Raj, is a former administrative unit of the Indian subcontinent, used primarily, but not exclusively, by the Muslim kingdoms.
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Patil (title)
Patil (meaning "head" or "chief") is an Indian last name and a title or surname native to the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka.Under Deccan sultanates, and the Maratha empire, the Patil was the village headman and the most important Vatandar of the village.
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Rajput
Rajput (from Sanskrit raja-putra, "son of a king") is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the Indian subcontinent.
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Saranjamdar
A Saranjam is grant of land (initially non-hereditary) for maintenance of troops or for military service found among the Maratha community in Maharashtra and the former Maratha occupied regions of India, including territories in present-day Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh.
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Sardar
Sardar (سردار,; "Commander" literally; "Headmaster"), also spelled as Sirdar, Sardaar, Shordar or Serdar, is a title of nobility that was originally used to denote princes, noblemen, and other aristocrats.
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South Asia
South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as the Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.
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Sultan
Sultan (سلطان) is a position with several historical meanings.
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Supreme Court of India
The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of constitutional review.
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The Crown
The Crown is the state in all its aspects within the jurisprudence of the Commonwealth realms and their sub-divisions (such as Crown dependencies, provinces, or states).
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Village accountant
The Village Accountant is an administrative government position found in rural parts of the Indian sub-continent.
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Zaildar
Zaildar (ज़ैलदार)(ذَیلدار) was the position based title of the grand jagirdar (landlord) of the area, who were in charge of a Zail which was an administrative unit of group of villages during the British Raj.
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Zamindar
A zamindar in the Indian subcontinent was an aristocrat.
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Jaghir, Jaghirs, Jagirdar, Jagirdar System, Jagirdar system, Jagirdari.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagir
