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193 relations: Abdul Hamid II, Acre, Israel, Ad hoc, Afula, Afula railway station, Al-Dalhamiyya, Al-Hamma, Tiberias, Anatolia, Aqaba, Aqueduct (bridge), Ashdot Ya'akov, Avigdor Lieberman, Baghdad, Balad al-Sheikh, Battles of the Kinarot Valley, Bauhaus, Bedouin, Beirut, Beit HaShita, Beit She'an, Beit She'an railway station, Beit Yosef, Israel, Bosra, British Raj, Cammell Laird, Carmelit, Charcoal, Claude Reignier Conder, Coastal railway line, Israel, Daliyat al-Karmel, Damascus, Daraa, Degania Alef, Design–build, Dividend, Dual gauge, Early 2000s recession, Eastern Railway (Israel), Effendi, Efraim Sneh, Egypt, Ein Harod, Fertile Crescent, Fish farming, Ford Motor Company, Franc, George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland, German Colony, Haifa, Gesher, Israel, Geva, ..., Gilead, Golan Heights, Gottlieb Schumacher, Haaretz, Hadera, Haganah, Haifa, Haifa Center HaShmona railway station, Haifa East railway station, Haim Arlosoroff, Hama, Hamat Gader, Hauran, Hebrew language, Heinrich August Meissner, Hejaz railway, High commissioner, Highway 4 (Israel), Highway 60 (Israel), Highway 65 (Israel), Highway 70 (Israel), Highway 71 (Israel), Highway 75 (Israel), Hydroelectricity, Imperial Airways, International Court of Justice, Irbid, Irgun, Island of Peace, Israel, Israel Defense Forces, Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Prison Service, Israel Railway Museum, Israel Railways, Israel Television News Company, Israeli Declaration of Independence, Israeli new shekel, Jaffa, Jaffa–Jerusalem railway, Jenin, Jericho, Jerusalem, Jewish Resistance Movement, Jezreel Valley, John Wroe, Jordan, Jordan River, Jordan River Crossing, Jordan Valley (Middle East), Kfar Baruch, Kfar Yehezkel, Kibbutz, Kirkuk–Haifa oil pipeline, Kiryat Tiv'on, Kishon River, Laurence Oliphant (author), League of Nations mandate, Lebanon, Lev HaMifratz railway station, Lod, London Stock Exchange, Maariv, Mandatory Palestine, Masada (kibbutz), Medina, Mediterranean Sea, Meir Sheetrit, Menachem Savidor, Menahemia, Menashe Heights, Merhavia (kibbutz), Mevo Hama, Migdal HaEmek, Migdal HaEmek–Kfar Baruch railway station, Ministry of Transport and Road Safety, Moshav, Mount Carmel, Multiple unit, Muzayrib, Nablus, Naharayim, Narrow-gauge railway, National Roads Company of Israel, Nazareth, Nesher, Night of the Bridges, Night of the Trains, Notrim, Ottoman Empire, Palestine Exploration Fund, Palestine Railways, Palestinian National Authority, Palmach, Pinhas Rutenberg, Port of Haifa, Power station, Public bathing, Rail transport, Railroad switch, Raimondo D'Aronco, Ramat David Airbase, Rehavam Ze'evi, Rolling stock, Samakh, Tiberias, Sde Nahum, Sea of Galilee, Sentinel Waggon Works, Sha'ar HaGolan, Silat ad-Dhahr, Sinai Peninsula, Standard-gauge railway, Storage organ, Suez Canal, Sursock family, Syria, Tegart fort, Tel Megiddo, Tel Yosef, Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, The New York Sun, The Times of Israel, TheMarker, Thomas Cook & Son, Tiberias, Tulkarm, Turkish lira, Umm al-Fahm, United Nations, Wadi, Wall and tower, Waqf, World War I, World War II, Yagur, Yarmouk River, Yedioth Ahronoth, Yishuv, Ynetnews, Yokneam–Kfar Yehoshua railway station, 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, 1948 Arab–Israeli War, 1949 Armistice Agreements. Expand index (143 more) »
Abdul Hamid II
Abdul Hamid II (عبد الحميد ثانی, `Abdü’l-Ḥamīd-i sânî; İkinci Abdülhamit; 21 September 184210 February 1918) was the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and the last Sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state.
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Acre, Israel
Acre (or, עַכּוֹ, ʻAko, most commonly spelled as Akko; عكّا, ʻAkkā) is a city in the coastal plain region of Israel's Northern District at the extremity of Haifa Bay.
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Ad hoc
Ad hoc is a Latin phrase meaning literally "for this".
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Afula
Afula (עֲפוּלָה, العفولة) is a city in the Northern District of Israel, often known as the "Capital of the Valley" due to its strategic location in the Jezreel Valley.
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Afula railway station
The Afula railway station (תחנת הרכבת עפולה, Taḥanat HaRakevet Afula) is a railway station on the Beit She'an – Atlit line serving Afula and the surrounding communities.
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Al-Dalhamiyya
Al-Dalhamiyya (الدلهمية) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Tiberias Subdistrict.
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Al-Hamma, Tiberias
Al-Hamma (الحمّة) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Tiberias Subdistrict, southeast of Tiberias.
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Anatolia
Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.
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Aqaba
Aqaba (العقبة) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba.
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Aqueduct (bridge)
Bridges for conveying water, called aqueducts or water bridges, are constructed to convey watercourses across gaps such as valleys or ravines.
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Ashdot Ya'akov
Ashdot Ya'akov (אַשְׁדוֹת יַעֲקֹב, lit. Ya'akov Rapids) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.
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Avigdor Lieberman
Avigdor Lieberman (אביגדור ליברמן,,; born Evet Lvovich Liberman, Эве́т Льво́вич Ли́берман, 5 July 1958) is a Soviet-born Israeli politician who serves as the Defense Minister of Israel.
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Baghdad
Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.
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Balad al-Sheikh
Balad al-Sheikh (traditional transliteration) or Balad ash-Shaykh (most recent form of transliteration; بلد الشيخ) was a Palestinian Arab village located just north of Mount Carmel, southeast of Haifa.
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Battles of the Kinarot Valley
The Battles of the Kinarot Valley (הַמַּעֲרָכָה בְּבִקְעַת כִּנָּרוֹת, HaMa'arakha BeBik'at Kinarot), is a collective name for a series of military engagements between the Haganah and the Syrian army during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, fought between May 15–22, 1948 in the Kinarot Valley.
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Bauhaus
Staatliches Bauhaus, commonly known simply as Bauhaus, was a German art school operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught.
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Bedouin
The Bedouin (badawī) are a grouping of nomadic Arab peoples who have historically inhabited the desert regions in North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq and the Levant.
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Beirut
Beirut (بيروت, Beyrouth) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon.
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Beit HaShita
Beit HaShita (בֵּית הַשִּׁטָּה, lit. House of the Acacia) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.
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Beit She'an
Beit She'an (בֵּית שְׁאָן; بيسان,, Beisan or Bisan), is a city in the Northern District of Israel which has played an important role in history due to its geographical location at the junction of the Jordan River Valley and the Jezreel Valley.
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Beit She'an railway station
The Beit She'an railway station is an Israel Railways terminal situated at the eastern end of the Beit She'an – Atlit line, serving Beit She'an and the surrounding communities.
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Beit Yosef, Israel
Beit Yosef (בֵּית יוֹסֵף) is a moshav in the northern Israel's Beit She'an Valley.
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Bosra
Bosra (Buṣrā), also spelled Bostra, Busrana, Bozrah, Bozra and officially known Busra al-Sham (Buṣrā al-Shām, Busra el-Şam)Günümüzde Suriye Türkmenleri.
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British Raj
The British Raj (from rāj, literally, "rule" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947.
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Cammell Laird
Cammell Laird is a British shipbuilding company.
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Carmelit
The Carmelit (כַּרְמְלִית, كرمليت) is an underground funicular railway and the only subway in Haifa, Israel.
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Charcoal
Charcoal is the lightweight black carbon and ash residue hydrocarbon produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances.
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Claude Reignier Conder
Claude Reignier Conder (29 December 1848, Cheltenham – 16 February 1910, Cheltenham) was an English soldier, explorer and antiquarian.
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Coastal railway line, Israel
The Coastal railway line (mesilat ha-ḥof) is a mainline railway in Israel, which begins just south of the Lebanon-Israel border on the Mediterranean coast, near the town of Nahariya in Northern Israel and stretches almost the entire Mediterranean coast of the country, to just north of the border with the Gaza Strip in the south.
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Daliyat al-Karmel
Daliyat El Karmel (دَالِيَةِ ٱلْكَرْمِل, דַלְיַת אֶל-כַּרְמֶל) is a Druze town in the Haifa District of Israel, located around 20 km southeast of Haifa.
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Damascus
Damascus (دمشق, Syrian) is the capital of the Syrian Arab Republic; it is also the country's largest city, following the decline in population of Aleppo due to the battle for the city.
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Daraa
Daraa (درعا, Levantine Arabic:, also Darʿā, Dara’a, Deraa, Dera'a, Dera, Derʿā and Edrei; means "fortress", compare Dura-Europos) is a city in southwestern Syria, located about north of the border with Jordan.
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Degania Alef
Degania Alef (דְּגַנְיָה א', D'ganya Alef) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.
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Design–build
Design–build (or design/build, and abbreviated D–B or D/B accordingly) is a project delivery system used in the construction industry.
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Dividend
A dividend is a payment made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually as a distribution of profits.
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Dual gauge
A dual gauge railway is a track that allows the passage of trains of two different track gauges.
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Early 2000s recession
The early 2000s recession was a decline in economic activity which mainly occurred in developed countries.
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Eastern Railway (Israel)
The Eastern Railway (ha-mesila ha-mizraḥit) refers to a railroad in central Israel stretching from Lod to Hadera.
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Effendi
Effendi, Effendy or Efendi (originally from αφέντης; in Persian and Ottoman Turkish language: افندي Efendi, in أفندي, Afandī; in افندی (Afghani), "Afandi") is a title of nobility meaning a Lord or Master.
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Efraim Sneh
Efraim Sneh (אפרים סנה, born 19 September 1944) is an Israeli politician, physician, and a retired Brigadier General in the Israel Defense Forces.
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Egypt
Egypt (مِصر, مَصر, Khēmi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.
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Ein Harod
Ein Harod (עֵין חֲרוֹד) was a kibbutz in Israel between 1921 and 1952, when it split into Ein Harod (Ihud) and Ein Harod (Meuhad).
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Fertile Crescent
The Fertile Crescent (also known as the "cradle of civilization") is a crescent-shaped region where agriculture and early human civilizations like the Sumer and Ancient Egypt flourished due to inundations from the surrounding Nile, Euphrates, and Tigris rivers.
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Fish farming
Fish farming or pisciculture involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures such as fish ponds, usually for food.
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Ford Motor Company
Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as "Ford") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.
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Franc
The franc (₣) is the name of several currency units.
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George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland
George Granville William Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland KG FRS (19 December 1828 – 22 September 1892), styled Viscount Trentham until 1833, Earl Gower in 1833 and Marquess of Stafford between 1833 and 1861, was a British politician from the Leveson-Gower family.
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German Colony, Haifa
The German Colony (HaMoshava HaGermanit) (המושבה הגרמנית) was established in Haifa in 1868 by the German Templers.
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Gesher, Israel
Gesher (גֶּשֶׁר, lit. Bridge) is a kibbutz in the Beit She'an Valley in northeastern Israel.
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Geva
Geva (גֶּבַע, lit. Hill) is a kibbutz in the Jezreel Valley in Israel.
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Gilead
Gilead or Gilaad (جلعاد; גִּלְעָד) is the name of three people and two geographic places in the Bible.
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Golan Heights
The Golan Heights (هضبة الجولان or مرتفعات الجولان, רמת הגולן), or simply the Golan, is a region in the Levant, spanning about.
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Gottlieb Schumacher
Gottlieb Schumacher (21 November 1857 – 26 November 1925) was an American-born civil engineer, architect and archaeologist of German descent, who was an important figure in the early archaeological exploration of Palestine.
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Haaretz
Haaretz (הארץ) (lit. "The Land ", originally Ḥadashot Ha'aretz – חדשות הארץ, – "News of the Land ") is an Israeli newspaper.
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Hadera
Hadera (חֲדֵרָה, الخضيرة) is a city located in the Haifa District of Israel, in the northern Sharon region, approximately 45 kilometers (28 miles) from the major cities of Tel Aviv and Haifa.
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Haganah
Haganah (הַהֲגָנָה, lit. The Defence) was a Jewish paramilitary organization in the British Mandate of Palestine (1921–48), which became the core of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).
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Haifa
Haifa (חֵיפָה; حيفا) is the third-largest city in Israel – after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv– with a population of in.
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Haifa Center HaShmona railway station
Haifa Center HaShmona railway station (תחנת הרכבת חיפה מרכז השמונה, Taḥanat HaRakevet Ḥeifa Merkaz HaShmona, محطة حيفا مركز - هشمونه) is an Israel Railways passenger station situated on the coastal railway main line and serves the City of Haifa.
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Haifa East railway station
Haifa East railway station was built in 1904 by the Ottoman authorities as the western terminus of their Jezreel Valley railway.
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Haim Arlosoroff
Haim Arlosoroff (February 23, 1899 – June 16, 1933; also Arlozorov; חיים ארלוזורוב) was a Zionist leader of the Yishuv during the British Mandate for Palestine, prior to the establishment of Israel, and head of the Political Department of the Jewish Agency.
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Hama
Hama (حماة,; ܚܡܬ Ḥmṭ, "fortress"; Biblical Hebrew: חֲמָת Ḥamāth) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria.
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Hamat Gader
Hamat Gader (חַמַּת גָּדֵר; חמתא דגדר, Hammata Degader; Ἑμμαθά, or ῎Αμαθα,; الحمة السورية, meaning "The Syrian Hamma") is a hot springs site in the Yarmouk River valley, used since the Classical antiquity.
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Hauran
Hauran (حوران / ALA-LC: Ḥawrān), also spelled Hawran, Houran and Horan, known to the Ancient Greeks and Romans as Auranitis, is a volcanic plateau, a geographic area and a people located in southwestern Syria and extending into the northwestern corner of Jordan.
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Hebrew language
No description.
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Heinrich August Meissner
Heinrich August Meissner (Heinrich August Meißner, January 3, 1862 – January 14, 1940) was a German engineer who was largely responsible for the railway network in the Ottoman Empire, and later helped manage the network in Turkey.
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Hejaz railway
The Hejaz (or Hedjaz) railway (Hicaz Demiryolu) was a narrow-gauge railway (track gauge) that ran from Damascus to Medina, through the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia, with a branch line to Haifa on the Mediterranean Sea.
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High commissioner
High commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment.
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Highway 4 (Israel)
Highway 4 (כּֽבִישׁ אַרְבַּע, Kvish Arba') is an Israeli highway that runs along Israel's entire coastal plain of the Mediterranean Sea, its route in the north runs from the Rosh HaNikra border crossing with Lebanon until the Erez Border Crossing with the Gaza Strip.
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Highway 60 (Israel)
Highway 60 or Route 60 (כביש 60, "Kvish Shishim") is a south-north intercity road in Israel and the West Bank that stretches from Beersheba to Nazareth.
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Highway 65 (Israel)
Highway 65 is a major highway in northern Israel.
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Highway 70 (Israel)
Highway 70 is a highway in the coastal plain and Western Galilee in northern Israel.
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Highway 71 (Israel)
Highway 71 is an east-west highway that passes through the eastern Jezreel Valley and the Beit She'an Valley, below the north slopes of the Gilboa mountains, in northern Israel.
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Highway 75 (Israel)
Highway 75 is an east-west highway in northern Israel.
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Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is electricity produced from hydropower.
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Imperial Airways
Imperial Airways was the early British commercial long-range airline, operating from 1924 to 1939 and serving parts of Europe but principally the British Empire routes to South Africa, India and the Far East, including Malaya and Hong Kong.
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International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice (abbreviated ICJ; commonly referred to as the World Court) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN).
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Irbid
Irbid (إربد), known in ancient times as Arabella or Arbela, is the capital and largest city of the Irbid Governorate.
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Irgun
The Irgun (ארגון; full title:, lit. "The National Military Organization in the Land of Israel") was a Zionist paramilitary organization that operated in Mandate Palestine between 1931 and 1948.
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Island of Peace
The Island of Peace is an area which is under Jordan's sovereignty with Israeli private land ownership rights and property interests.
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Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.
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Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, lit. "The Army of Defense for Israel"; جيش الدفاع الإسرائيلي), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal, are the military forces of the State of Israel.
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Israel Nature and Parks Authority
The Israel Nature and Parks Authority (רשות הטבע והגנים Rashut Hateva Vehaganim) is an Israeli government organization that manages nature reserves and national parks in Israel, the Golan Heights and parts of the West Bank.
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Israel Prison Service
The Israel Prison Service (שירות בתי הסוהר, Sherut Batei HaSohar, إدارة السجون الإسرائيلية, Idārat al-Sujūn al-Isrā’īlīyyah), commonly known in Israel by its acronym Shabas or IPS in English, is the state agency responsible for overseeing prisons in Israel.
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Israel Railway Museum
Israel Railway Museum (מוזיאון רכבת ישראל) is the national railway museum of Israel, located in Haifa.
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Israel Railways
Israel Railways corporation Ltd., dba Israel Railways (רַכֶּבֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Rakevet Yisra'el, خطوط السكك الحديدية الإسرائيلية) is the state-owned principal railway company responsible for all inter-city, commuter, and freight rail transport in Israel.
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Israel Television News Company
Israel Television News Company (lit), is the shared news division of the Israeli television channels Keshet 12 and Reshet 13.
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Israeli Declaration of Independence
The Israeli Declaration of Independence,Hebrew: הכרזת העצמאות, Hakhrazat HaAtzma'ut/מגילת העצמאות Megilat HaAtzma'utArabic: وثيقة إعلان قيام دولة إسرائيل, Wathiqat 'iielan qiam dawlat 'iisrayiyl formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708) by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist OrganizationThen known as the Zionist Organization.
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Israeli new shekel
The Israeli new shekel (שֶׁקֶל חָדָשׁ; شيقل جديد; sign: ₪; code: ILS), also known as simply the Israeli shekel and formerly known as the New Israeli Sheqel (NIS), is the currency of Israel and is also used as a legal tender in the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
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Jaffa
Jaffa, in Hebrew Yafo, or in Arabic Yaffa (יפו,; يَافَا, also called Japho or Joppa), the southern and oldest part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, is an ancient port city in Israel.
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Jaffa–Jerusalem railway
The Jaffa–Jerusalem railway (also J & J) is a railway that connected Jaffa and Jerusalem.
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Jenin
Jenin (جنين) is a Palestinian city in the northern West Bank.
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Jericho
Jericho (יְרִיחוֹ; أريحا) is a city in the Palestinian Territories and is located near the Jordan River in the West Bank.
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Jerusalem
Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; القُدس) is a city in the Middle East, located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.
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Jewish Resistance Movement
The Jewish Resistance Movement (תנועת המרי העברי, Tnu'at HaMeri HaIvri, literally Hebrew Rebellion Movement), also called United Resistance Movement (URM), was an alliance of the Zionist paramilitary organizations Haganah, Irgun and Lehi in the British Mandate of Palestine.
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Jezreel Valley
The Jezreel Valley (עמק יזרעאל, translit. Emek Yizra'el), (Marj Ibn Āmir) is a large fertile plain and inland valley south of the Lower Galilee region in Israel.
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John Wroe
John Wroe (19 September 1782 – 5 February 1863) was a British evangelist who founded the Christian Israelite Church in the 1820s after having what he believed were a series of visions.
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Jordan
Jordan (الْأُرْدُنّ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River.
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Jordan River
The Jordan River (also River Jordan; נְהַר הַיַּרְדֵּן Nahar ha-Yarden, ܢܗܪܐ ܕܝܘܪܕܢܢ, نَهْر الْأُرْدُنّ Nahr al-Urdunn, Ancient Greek: Ιορδάνης, Iordànes) is a -long river in the Middle East that flows roughly north to south through the Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: כנרת Kinneret, Arabic: Bohayrat Tabaraya, meaning Lake of Tiberias) and on to the Dead Sea.
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Jordan River Crossing
The Jordan River Crossing (מסוף נהר ירדן, معبر نهر الأردن) or Sheikh Hussein Bridge is an international border crossing between Irbid, Jordan and Beit She'an, Israel.
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Jordan Valley (Middle East)
The Jordan Valley (עֵמֶק הַיַרְדֵּן, Emek HaYarden; الغور, Al-Ghor or Al-Ghawr) forms part of the larger Jordan Rift Valley.
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Kfar Baruch
Kfar Barukh (כְּפַר בָּרוּךְ, lit. Baruch Village) is a moshav in northern Israel.
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Kfar Yehezkel
Kfar Yehezkel (כְּפַר יְחֶזְקֵאל, lit. Yehezkel Village) is a moshav ovdim in northern Israel.
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Kibbutz
A kibbutz (קִבּוּץ /, lit. "gathering, clustering"; regular plural kibbutzim /) is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture.
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Kirkuk–Haifa oil pipeline
The Mosul–Haifa oil pipeline (also known as the Iraq–Haifa pipeline or Mediterranean pipeline) was a crude oil pipeline from the oil fields in Kirkuk, located in the former Ottoman vilayet of Mosul in northern Iraq, through Jordan to Haifa (in mandatory Palestine, now in the territory of Israel).
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Kiryat Tiv'on
Kiryat Tiv'on (קִרְיַת טִבְעוֹן, also Qiryat Tiv'on; كريات طبعون) is a town in the Haifa District of Israel, in the hills between the Zvulun (Zebulon) and Jezreel valleys.
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Kishon River
The Kishon River (נחל הקישון,; نهر المقطع,, or, – the river of slaughter or dismemberment; alternative Arabic, الكيشون) is a river in Israel that flows into the Mediterranean Sea near the city of Haifa.
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Laurence Oliphant (author)
Laurence Oliphant (3 August 1829 – 23 December 1888) was a South African-born British author, traveller, diplomat and Christian mystic.
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League of Nations mandate
A League of Nations mandate was a legal status for certain territories transferred from the control of one country to another following World War I, or the legal instruments that contained the internationally agreed-upon terms for administering the territory on behalf of the League of Nations.
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Lebanon
Lebanon (لبنان; Lebanese pronunciation:; Liban), officially known as the Lebanese RepublicRepublic of Lebanon is the most common phrase used by Lebanese government agencies.
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Lev HaMifratz railway station
Lev HaMifratz railway station (תחנת הרכבת לב המפרץ, Taḥanat HaRakevet Lev HaMifratz) is an Israeli railway passenger station in Haifa, Israel, serving Lev HaMifratz Mall (קניון לב המפרץ, Heart of the Bay Mall), one of Haifa's largest malls, and the surrounding Haifa Bay industrial zone in the northeast of the city.
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Lod
Lod (לוֹד; اللُّدّ; Latin: Lydda, Diospolis, Ancient Greek: Λύδδα / Διόσπολις - city of Zeus) is a city southeast of Tel Aviv in the Central District of Israel.
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London Stock Exchange
The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is a stock exchange located in the City of London, England.
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Maariv
Maariv or Ma'ariv, also known as Arvit, is a Jewish prayer service held in the evening or night.
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Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine (فلسطين; פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א"י), where "EY" indicates "Eretz Yisrael", Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity under British administration, carved out of Ottoman Syria after World War I. British civil administration in Palestine operated from 1920 until 1948.
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Masada (kibbutz)
Masada (מַסָּדָה) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.
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Medina
Medina (المدينة المنورة,, "the radiant city"; or المدينة,, "the city"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia.
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Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant.
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Meir Sheetrit
Meir Sheetrit (מאיר שטרית, born 10 October 1948) is an Israeli politician.
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Menachem Savidor
Menachem Savidor (מנחם סבידור, 20 August 1917 – 2 November 1988) was an Israeli civil servant and politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Likud from 1977 until 1984.
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Menahemia
Menahemia (מְנַחֶמְיָה) is a village in the Jordan Valley in north-eastern Israel.
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Menashe Heights
Menashe Heights (רָמוֹת מְנַשֶּׁה, Ramot Menashe, lit. Menashe Heights) is a geographical region in northern Israel, located on the Carmel Range, between Mount Carmel and Mount Amir/Umm al-Fahm.
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Merhavia (kibbutz)
Merhavia (מֶרְחַבְיָה, lit. Great Enlargement – God) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.
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Mevo Hama
Mevo Hama (מְבוֹא חַמָּה) is an Israeli settlement and kibbutz in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights.
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Migdal HaEmek
Migdal HaEmek (מִגְדַּל הָעֶמֶק, lit. Tower of the Valley, also officially spelt Migdal HaEmeq, مجدال هعيمق) is a city in the Northern District of Israel.
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Migdal HaEmek–Kfar Baruch railway station
Migdal HaEmek–Kfar Baruch railway station (תחנת הרכבת מגדל העמק-כפר ברוך) is an Israel Railways passenger station situated on the Jezreel Valley railway.
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Ministry of Transport and Road Safety
The Ministry of Transport, National Infrastructure and Road Safety (MOT) (משרד התחבורה, התשתיות הלאומיות והבטיחות בדרכים, وزارة المواصلات والأمان على الطريق) is a government agency that handles transportation and road safety issues in Israel.
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Moshav
Moshav (מוֹשָׁב, plural, lit. settlement, village) is a type of Israeli town or settlement, in particular a type of cooperative agricultural community of individual farms pioneered by the Labour Zionists during the second wave of ''aliyah''.
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Mount Carmel
Mount Carmel (הַר הַכַּרְמֶל, Har HaKarmel ISO 259-3 Har ha Karmell (lit. God's vineyard); الكرمل, Al-Kurmul, or جبل مار إلياس, Jabal Mar Elyas (lit. Mount Saint Elias/Elijah) is a coastal mountain range in northern Israel stretching from the Mediterranean Sea towards the southeast. The range is a UNESCO biosphere reserve. A number of towns are situated there, most notably the city of Haifa, Israel's third largest city, located on the northern slope. The name is presumed to be directly from the Hebrew language word Carmel (כַּרְמֶל), which means "fresh" (planted), or "vineyard" (planted).
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Multiple unit
A multiple-unit train or simply multiple unit (MU) is a self-propelled train composed of one or more carriages joined together, which when coupled to another multiple unit can be controlled by a single driver.
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Muzayrib
Muzayrib (مزيريب, also spelled Mzerib, Mzeireb, Mzereeb, Mezereeb or al-Mezereeb) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located northwest of Daraa on the Syrian-Jordanian borders.
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Nablus
Nablus (نابلس, שכם, Biblical Shechem ISO 259-3 Škem, Νεάπολις Νeapolis) is a city in the northern West Bank, approximately north of Jerusalem, (approximately by road), with a population of 126,132.
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Naharayim
Naharayim (נהריים literally "Two rivers") or Baqoura (الباقورة) is a site on the border between Israel and Jordan where the Yarmouk River flows into the Jordan River.
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Narrow-gauge railway
A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than the standard.
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National Roads Company of Israel
Netivei Israel (Netivei Yisra'el, lit. Routes of Israel), formerly the National Roads Company of Israel (החברה הלאומית לדרכים בישראל), also called National Roads Authority, is a government-owned corporation, in charge of planning, construction and maintenance of most road infrastructure in Israel, including roads, bridges and interchanges.
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Nazareth
Nazareth (נָצְרַת, Natzrat; النَّاصِرَة, an-Nāṣira; ܢܨܪܬ, Naṣrath) is the capital and the largest city in the Northern District of Israel.
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Nesher
Nesher (נֶשֶׁר) is a city in the Haifa District of Israel.
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Night of the Bridges
The Night of the Bridges (formally Operation Markolet) was a Haganah venture on the night of 16 to 17 June 1946 in the British Mandate of Palestine, as part of the Jewish insurgency in Palestine (1944–7).
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Night of the Trains
The Night of the Trains (or Operation Party) was a sabotage operation of the British railways in Palestine ("Palestine Railways") on November 1, 1945.
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Notrim
The Notrim (נוטרים, lit. Guards; singular: Noter) were a Jewish Police Force set up by the British in Mandatory Palestine in 1936 to help defend Jewish lives and property during the 1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine.
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
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Palestine Exploration Fund
The Palestine Exploration Fund is a British society based in London.
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Palestine Railways
| Palestine Railways was a government-owned railway company that ran all public railways in the League of Nations mandate territory of Palestine from 1920 until 1948.
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Palestinian National Authority
The Palestinian National Authority (PA or PNA; السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية) is the interim self-government body established in 1994 following the Gaza–Jericho Agreement to govern the Gaza Strip and Areas A and B of the West Bank, as a consequence of the 1993 Oslo Accords.
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Palmach
The Palmach (Hebrew:, acronym for Plugot Maḥatz (Hebrew), lit. "strike forces") was the elite fighting force of the Haganah, the underground army of the Yishuv (Jewish community) during the period of the British Mandate for Palestine.
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Pinhas Rutenberg
Pinhas Rutenberg (5 February 1879 – 3 January 1942; Пётр Моисеевич Рутенберг, Pyotr Moiseyevich Rutenberg; פנחס רוטנברג) was a Russian Jewish engineer, businessman, and political activist.
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Port of Haifa
The Port of Haifa (נמל חיפה) is the largest of Israel's three major international seaports, which include the Port of Ashdod, and the Port of Eilat.
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Power station
A power station, also referred to as a power plant or powerhouse and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power.
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Public bathing
Public baths originated from a communal need for cleanliness at a time when most people did not have access to private bathing facilities.
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Rail transport
Rail transport is a means of transferring of passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, also known as tracks.
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Railroad switch
A railroad switch, turnout, or points is a mechanical installation enabling railway trains to be guided from one track to another, such as at a railway junction or where a spur or siding branches off.
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Raimondo D'Aronco
Raimondo Tommaso D’Aronco (1857–1932) was an Italian architect renowned for his building designs in the style of Art Nouveau.
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Ramat David Airbase
Ramat David Israeli Air Force Base (בָּסִיס חֵיל-הַאֲוִיר רָמַת דָּוִד Basis Kheil HaAvir Ramat David) is one of three principal airbases of the Israeli Air Force, located southeast of Haifa, close to kibbutz Ramat David and Megiddo in the Jezreel Valley.
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Rehavam Ze'evi
(רחבעם "גנדי" זאבי, 20 June 1926 – 17 October 2001) was an Israeli general and politician who founded the right-wing nationalist Moledet party, mainly advocating population transfer.
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Rolling stock
The term rolling stock in rail transport industry originally referred to any vehicles that move on a railway.
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Samakh, Tiberias
Samakh (سمخ) was a Palestinian Arab village at the south end of Lake Tiberias (the Sea of Galilee) in Palestine (now in Israel).
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Sde Nahum
Sde Nahum (שְׂדֵה נַחוּם, lit. Nahum Field) is a kibbutz in the Beit She'an Valley in northern Israel.
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Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee, also Kinneret or Kinnereth, Lake of Gennesaret, or Lake Tiberias (יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא; גִּנֵּיסַר بحيرة طبريا), is a freshwater lake in Israel.
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Sentinel Waggon Works
Sentinel Waggon Works Ltd was a British company based in Shrewsbury, Shropshire that made steam-powered lorries, railway locomotives, and later, diesel engined lorries and locomotives.
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Sha'ar HaGolan
Sha'ar HaGolan (שַׁעַר הַגּוֹלָן, lit. Gate of the Golan) is a kibbutz situated at the foot of the Golan Heights in the Jordan Valley area of north-eastern Israel.
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Silat ad-Dhahr
Silat ad-Dhahr (سيلة الظهر) is a Palestinian town in the Jenin Governorate in the northern West Bank, located 22 kilometers southwest of Jenin.
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Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula or simply Sinai (now usually) is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.
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Standard-gauge railway
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of.
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Storage organ
A storage organ is a part of a plant specifically modified for storage of energy (generally in the form of carbohydrates) or water.
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Suez Canal
thumb The Suez Canal (قناة السويس) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez.
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Sursock family
The Sursock family (also Sursuq) is a Greek Orthodox Christian family from Lebanon, and one of the “Seven Families”” of Beirut.
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Syria
Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
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Tegart fort
A Tegart fort is a type of militarized police fort constructed throughout Palestine during the British Mandatory period, initiated as a measure against the 1936–39 Arab Revolt.
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Tel Megiddo
Tel Megiddo (מגידו; مجیدو, Tell al-Mutesellim, "The Tell of the Governor") is an ancient city whose remains form a tell (archaeological mound), situated in northern Israel near Kibbutz Megiddo, about 30 km south-east of Haifa.
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Tel Yosef
Tel Yosef (תֵּל יוֹסֵף, lit. Yosef Mond) is a kibbutz in north-eastern Israel.
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Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company
The Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, Limited was a shipyard and iron works straddling the mouth of Bow Creek at its confluence with the River Thames, at Leamouth Wharf (often referred to as Blackwall) on the west side and at Canning Town on the east side.
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The New York Sun
The New York Sun was an American daily newspaper published in Manhattan from 2002 to 2008.
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The Times of Israel
The Times of Israel is an Israeli-based online newspaper launched in 2012.
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TheMarker
TheMarker (דה-מרקר) is a Hebrew-language daily business newspaper published by the Haaretz group in Israel.
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Thomas Cook & Son
Thomas Cook & Son, originally simply Thomas Cook, was a company founded by Thomas Cook, a cabinet-maker, in 1841 to carry temperance supporters by railway between the cities of Leicester, Nottingham, Derby and Birmingham.
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Tiberias
Tiberias (טְבֶרְיָה, Tverya,; طبرية, Ṭabariyyah) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.
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Tulkarm
Tulkarm or Tulkarem (طولكرم, Ṭūlkarm) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located in the Tulkarm Governorate.
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Turkish lira
The Turkish lira (Türk lirası; sign: ₺; code: TRY; usually abbreviated as TL) is the currency of Turkey and the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
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Umm al-Fahm
Umm al-Fahm (أمّ الفحم, Umm al-Faḥm; אֻם אל-פַחְם Umm el-Fahem) is a city located northwest of Jenin in the Haifa District of Israel.
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United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.
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Wadi
Wadi (wādī; ואדי), alternatively wād (وَاد), is the Arabic and Hebrew term traditionally referring to a valley.
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Wall and tower
Tower and Stockade (חוֹמָה וּמִגְדָּל, translit. Homa u'migdal, lit. "wall and tower"), was a settlement method used by Zionist settlers in Mandatory Palestine during the 1936–39 Arab Revolt.
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Waqf
A waqf (وقف), also known as habous or mortmain property, is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law, which typically involves donating a building, plot of land or other assets for Muslim religious or charitable purposes with no intention of reclaiming the assets.
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World War I
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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Yagur
Yagur (יָגוּר) is a kibbutz in northern Israel.
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Yarmouk River
The Yarmuk River (نهر اليرموك,, or شريعة المناذرة,; נהר הירמוך,; Hieromices), sometimes spelled Yarmouk, is the largest tributary of the Jordan River.
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Yedioth Ahronoth
Yedioth Ahronoth (ידיעות אחרונות,; lit. Latest News) is a national daily newspaper published in Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Yishuv
The Yishuv (ישוב, literally "settlement") or Ha-Yishuv (the Yishuv, הישוב) or Ha-Yishuv Ha-Ivri (the Hebrew Yishuv, הישוב העברי) is the term referring to the body of Jewish residents in the land of Israel (corresponding to Ottoman Syria until 1917, OETA South 1917–1920 and later Mandatory Palestine 1920–1948) prior to the establishment of the State of Israel.
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Ynetnews
Ynetnews is the online English-language Israeli news website of Yedioth Ahronoth, Israel’s most-read newspaper, and the Hebrew news portal, Ynet.
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Yokneam–Kfar Yehoshua railway station
Yokneam–Kfar Yehoshua railway station (תחנת הרכבת יקנעם-כפר יהושע) is an Israel Railways passenger station situated on the Jezreel Valley railway.
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1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
The 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, later came to be known as "The Great Revolt", was a nationalist uprising by Palestinian Arabs in Mandatory Palestine against the British administration of the Palestine Mandate, demanding Arab independence and the end of the policy of open-ended Jewish immigration and land purchases with the stated goal of establishing a "Jewish National Home". The dissent was directly influenced by the Qassamite rebellion, following the killing of Sheikh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam in 1935, as well as the declaration by Hajj Amin al-Husseini of 16 May 1936 as 'Palestine Day' and calling for a General Strike. The revolt was branded by many in the Jewish Yishuv as "immoral and terroristic", often comparing it to fascism and nazism. Ben Gurion however described Arab causes as fear of growing Jewish economic power, opposition to mass Jewish immigration and fear of the English identification with Zionism.Morris, 1999, p. 136. The general strike lasted from April to October 1936, initiating the violent revolt. The revolt consisted of two distinct phases.Norris, 2008, pp. 25, 45. The first phase was directed primarily by the urban and elitist Higher Arab Committee (HAC) and was focused mainly on strikes and other forms of political protest. By October 1936, this phase had been defeated by the British civil administration using a combination of political concessions, international diplomacy (involving the rulers of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Transjordan and Yemen) and the threat of martial law. The second phase, which began late in 1937, was a violent and peasant-led resistance movement provoked by British repression in 1936 that increasingly targeted British forces. During this phase, the rebellion was brutally suppressed by the British Army and the Palestine Police Force using repressive measures that were intended to intimidate the Arab population and undermine popular support for the revolt. During this phase, a more dominant role on the Arab side was taken by the Nashashibi clan, whose NDP party quickly withdrew from the rebel Arab Higher Committee, led by the radical faction of Amin al-Husseini, and instead sided with the British – dispatching "Fasail al-Salam" (the "Peace Bands") in coordination with the British Army against nationalist and Jihadist Arab "Fasail" units (literally "bands"). According to official British figures covering the whole revolt, the army and police killed more than 2,000 Arabs in combat, 108 were hanged, and 961 died because of what they described as "gang and terrorist activities". In an analysis of the British statistics, Walid Khalidi estimates 19,792 casualties for the Arabs, with 5,032 dead: 3,832 killed by the British and 1,200 dead because of "terrorism", and 14,760 wounded. Over ten percent of the adult male Palestinian Arab population between 20 and 60 was killed, wounded, imprisoned or exiled. Estimates of the number of Palestinian Jews killed range from 91 to several hundred.Morris, 1999, p. 160. The Arab revolt in Mandatory Palestine was unsuccessful, and its consequences affected the outcome of the 1948 Palestine war.Morris, 1999, p. 159. It caused the British Mandate to give crucial support to pre-state Zionist militias like the Haganah, whereas on the Palestinian Arab side, the revolt forced the flight into exile of the main Palestinian Arab leader of the period, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem – Haj Amin al-Husseini.
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1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, or the First Arab–Israeli War, was fought between the State of Israel and a military coalition of Arab states over the control of Palestine, forming the second stage of the 1948 Palestine war.
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1949 Armistice Agreements
The 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of armistice agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and neighboring Egypt, UN Doc S/1264/Corr.1 23 February 1949 Lebanon, UN Doc S/1296 23 March 1949 Jordan, UN Doc S/1302/Rev.1 3 April 1949 and Syria UN Doc S/1353 20 July 1949 to formally end the official hostilities of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and establish armistice lines between Israeli forces and Jordanian-Iraqi forces, also known as the Green Line. The United Nations established supervising and reporting agencies to monitor the established armistice lines.
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Redirects here:
Beit She'an – Atlit line, Jezreel Valley Railway, Syria Ottoman Railway Company.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezreel_Valley_railway
