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65 relations: Achromatic telescope, Astronomical spectroscopy, Atmosphere of Earth, Benediktbeuern Abbey, Cambridge University Press, City Observatory, Color, Crown glass (optics), Daniel Kleppner, David Rittenhouse, Diffraction grating, Dispersion (optics), Electorate of Bavaria, Fire, Flint glass, Fraunhofer (crater), Fraunhofer diffraction, Fraunhofer distance, Fraunhofer lines, Fraunhofer Society, Georg Friedrich von Reichenbach, German Confederation, Glass, Glass production, Grinding (abrasive cutting), Gustav Kirchhoff, Heavy metals, Heliometer, Holy Roman Empire, Honorary degree, James Gregory (mathematician), Johann Georg Repsold, Klaus Hentschel, Lens (optics), List of German inventors and discoverers, Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, Michael Faraday, MIT Press, Munich, National Center for Atmospheric Research, National Museum of American History, Nautilus (science magazine), Neptune, Objective (optics), Optical spectrometer, Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown, Order of Saint Benedict, Physicist, Physics Today, Polishing, ..., Prism, Refraction, Robert Bunsen, Sirius, Spectral color, Spectrum, Springer Publishing, Star, Stellar parallax, Straubing, Sun, Transit instrument, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, University of Tartu Old Observatory, William Hyde Wollaston. Expand index (15 more) »
Achromatic telescope
The achromatic telescope is a refracting telescope that uses an achromatic lens to correct for chromatic aberration.
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Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and radio, which radiates from stars and other celestial objects.
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Atmosphere of Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity.
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Benediktbeuern Abbey
Benediktbeuern Abbey (Kloster Benediktbeuern) is a monastery of the Salesians of Don Bosco, originally a monastery of the Benedictine Order, in Benediktbeuern in Bavaria, near the Kochelsee, 64 km south-south-west of Munich.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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City Observatory
The City Observatory is an astronomical observatory on Calton Hill in Edinburgh, Scotland.
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Color
Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color categories, with names such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, or purple.
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Crown glass (optics)
Crown glass is a type of optical glass used in lenses and other optical components.
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Daniel Kleppner
Daniel Kleppner, born 1932, is the Lester Wolfe Professor Emeritus of Physics at MIT and co-director of the MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms.
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David Rittenhouse
David Rittenhouse (April 8, 1732 – June 26, 1796) was an American astronomer, inventor, clockmaker, mathematician, surveyor, scientific instrument craftsman, and public official.
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Diffraction grating
In optics, a diffraction grating is an optical component with a periodic structure that splits and diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions.
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Dispersion (optics)
In optics, dispersion is the phenomenon in which the phase velocity of a wave depends on its frequency.
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Electorate of Bavaria
The Electorate of Bavaria (Kurfürstentum Bayern) was an independent hereditary electorate of the Holy Roman Empire from 1623 to 1806, when it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Bavaria.
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Fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.
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Flint glass
Flint glass is optical glass that has relatively high refractive index and low Abbe number (high dispersion).
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Fraunhofer (crater)
Fraunhofer is a lunar impact crater that is located just to the south-southwest of the walled plain Furnerius, in the southeastern part of the Moon.
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Fraunhofer diffraction
In optics, the Fraunhofer diffraction equation is used to model the diffraction of waves when the diffraction pattern is viewed at a long distance from the diffracting object, and also when it is viewed at the focal plane of an imaging lens.
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Fraunhofer distance
The Fraunhofer distance, named after Joseph von Fraunhofer, is the value of: where D is the largest dimension of the radiator (in the case of a magnetic loop antenna, the diameter) and is the wavelength of the radio wave.
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Fraunhofer lines
In physics and optics, the Fraunhofer lines are a set of spectral lines named after the German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer (1787–1826).
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Fraunhofer Society
The Fraunhofer Society (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., "Fraunhofer Society for the Advancement of Applied Research") is a German research organization with 69institutes spread throughout Germany, each focusing on different fields of applied science (as opposed to the Max Planck Society, which works primarily on basic science).
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Georg Friedrich von Reichenbach
Georg Friedrich von Reichenbach (24 August 1771 – 21 May 1826), German scientific instrument maker, was born at Durlach in Baden on 24 August 1771.
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German Confederation
The German Confederation (Deutscher Bund) was an association of 39 German-speaking states in Central Europe, created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to coordinate the economies of separate German-speaking countries and to replace the former Holy Roman Empire, which had been dissolved in 1806.
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Glass
Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics.
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Glass production
Glass production involves two main methods – the float glass process that produces sheet glass, and glassblowing that produces bottles and other containers.
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Grinding (abrasive cutting)
Grinding is an abrasive machining process that uses a grinding wheel as the cutting tool.
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Gustav Kirchhoff
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (12 March 1824 – 17 October 1887) was a German physicist who contributed to the fundamental understanding of electrical circuits, spectroscopy, and the emission of black-body radiation by heated objects.
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Heavy metals
Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers.
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Heliometer
A heliometer (from Greek ἥλιος hḗlios "sun" and measure) is an instrument originally designed for measuring the variation of the sun's diameter at different seasons of the year, but applied now to the modern form of the instrument which is capable of much wider use.
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Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire (Sacrum Romanum Imperium; Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a multi-ethnic but mostly German complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.
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Honorary degree
An honorary degree, in Latin a degree honoris causa ("for the sake of the honor") or ad honorem ("to the honor"), is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived the usual requirements, such as matriculation, residence, a dissertation and the passing of comprehensive examinations.
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James Gregory (mathematician)
James Gregory FRS (November 1638 – October 1675) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer.
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Johann Georg Repsold
Johann Georg Repsold (September 19, 1770 – January 14, 1830) was a German astronomer.
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Klaus Hentschel
Klaus Hentschel (born 4 April 1961) is a German physicist, historian of science and Professor and head of the History of Science and Technology section in the History Department of the University of Stuttgart.
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Lens (optics)
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction.
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List of German inventors and discoverers
---- This is a list of German inventors and discoverers.
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Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Maximilian I Joseph (27 May 1756 – 13 October 1825) was Duke of Zweibrücken from 1795 to 1799, Prince-Elector of Bavaria (as Maximilian IV Joseph) from 1799 to 1806, then King of Bavaria (as Maximilian I Joseph) from 1806 to 1825.
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Michael Faraday
Michael Faraday FRS (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry.
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MIT Press
The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States).
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Munich
Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.
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National Center for Atmospheric Research
The US National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) is a US federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) managed by the nonprofit University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) and funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF).
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National Museum of American History
The National Museum of American History: Kenneth E. Behring Center collects, preserves, and displays the heritage of the United States in the areas of social, political, cultural, scientific, and military history.
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Nautilus (science magazine)
Nautilus is an online and print science magazine that "combines the sciences, culture and philosophy into a single story." It publishes one "issue" on a selected topic each month on its website, releasing one "chapter" each Thursday.
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Neptune
Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System.
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Objective (optics)
In optical engineering, the objective is the optical element that gathers light from the object being observed and focuses the light rays to produce a real image.
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Optical spectrometer
An optical spectrometer (spectrophotometer, spectrograph or spectroscope) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials.
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Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown
The Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown (Verdienstorden der Bayerischen Krone) was an order of merit of the Kingdom of Bavaria established by King Maximilian Joseph I on 19 March 1808.
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Order of Saint Benedict
The Order of Saint Benedict (OSB; Latin: Ordo Sancti Benedicti), also known as the Black Monksin reference to the colour of its members' habitsis a Catholic religious order of independent monastic communities that observe the Rule of Saint Benedict.
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Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who has specialized knowledge in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.
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Physics Today
Physics Today is the membership magazine of the American Institute of Physics that was established in 1948.
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Polishing
Polishing is the process of creating a smooth and shiny surface by rubbing it or using a chemical action, leaving a surface with a significant specular reflection (still limited by the index of refraction of the material according to the Fresnel equations.) In some materials (such as metals, glasses, black or transparent stones), polishing is also able to reduce diffuse reflection to minimal values.
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Prism
In optics, a prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light.
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Refraction
Refraction is the change in direction of wave propagation due to a change in its transmission medium.
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Robert Bunsen
Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (30 March 1811N1 – 16 August 1899) was a German chemist.
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Sirius
Sirius (a romanization of Greek Σείριος, Seirios,."glowing" or "scorching") is a star system and the brightest star in the Earth's night sky.
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Spectral color
A spectral color is a color that is evoked in a normal human by a single wavelength of light in the visible spectrum, or by a relatively narrow band of wavelengths, also known as monochromatic light.
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Spectrum
A spectrum (plural spectra or spectrums) is a condition that is not limited to a specific set of values but can vary, without steps, across a continuum.
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Springer Publishing
Springer Publishing is an American publishing company of academic journals and books, focusing on the fields of nursing, gerontology, psychology, social work, counseling, public health, and rehabilitation (neuropsychology).
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Star
A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.
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Stellar parallax
Stellar parallax is the apparent shift of position of any nearby star (or other object) against the background of distant objects.
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Straubing
Straubing is an independent city in Lower Bavaria, southern Germany.
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Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.
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Transit instrument
In astronomy, transit instruments are used for the precise observation of star positions.
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University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU) is a public research university in the cities of Erlangen and Nuremberg in Bavaria, Germany.
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University of Tartu Old Observatory
University of Tartu Old Observatory or Tartu Old Observatory (Tartu Tähetorn) is an observatory in Tartu, Estonia.
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William Hyde Wollaston
William Hyde Wollaston (6 August 1766 – 22 December 1828) was an English chemist and physicist who is famous for discovering the chemical elements palladium and rhodium.
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Redirects here:
Josef von Fraunhofer, Joseph Fraunhofer, Joseph Von Fraunhofer, Joseph von Frauenhofer.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_von_Fraunhofer
