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343 relations: Aamir Raza Husain, Aerial warfare, Aerodrome, Agni (missile), Air chief marshal, Ajay Ahuja, Ali Kuli Khan Khattak, Amarinder Singh, AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar, Annexation of Goa, Anthony Zinni, Anti-aircraft warfare, Anuj Nayyar, Arabian Sea, Arterial road, Artillery, Ashoka Chakra (military decoration), Ashraf Rashid, Asia Times, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Attack aircraft, Ayaz Amir, Azad Kashmir, Aziz Khan (general), Ballistic missile, Baltistan, Battalion, Battle of Tololing, BBC, BBC News, Benazir Bhutto, Bharatiya Janata Party, Bihar Regiment, Bill Clinton, Biological agent, Bofors, Bombay Stock Exchange, Brigadier, Brinkmanship, Bruce Riedel, Caliber, Camouflage, Captain (armed forces), Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Casualty (person), Chagai-I, Chandigarh, Chemical weapon, Chhayavaad, Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan), ..., Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan), Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan), Chief of the Army Staff (India), China, Chuni Lal, CNN, Code name, Cologne, Command and control, Conventional warfare, Corps, Court-martial, Cronyism, Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within, Daily Times (Pakistan), Dainik Bhaskar, Dawn (newspaper), Declaration of war, Dhoop, Digital journalism, Director general, Division (military), Doordarshan, Dras, East Pakistan, Eastern Naval Command, Economy of Pakistan, Electronic media, European Union, Fasih Bokhari, Fighter aircraft, Film criticism, FIM-92 Stinger, Flameout, Flight lieutenant, Force multiplication, Foreign Secretary of Pakistan, Freedom of the press, Frontal assault, Gas mask, General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon, Gilgit-Baltistan, Gorkha regiments (India), Government of India, Grand strategy, Grenade launcher, Grosset & Dunlap, Group of Eight, Guerrilla warfare, Gulf War, Gunship, Hand-to-hand combat, Haubits FH77, Havildar, Henry L. 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Aamir Raza Husain
Aamir Raza Husain (born 6 January 1957) is an Indian theatre actor and director, noted for his large outdoor stage productions like The Fifty Day War (2000), based on the Kargil War and The Legend of Ram (2004), based on the epic Ramayana.
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Aerial warfare
Aerial warfare is the battlespace use of military aircraft and other flying machines in warfare.
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Aerodrome
An aerodrome (Commonwealth English) or airdrome (American English) is a location from which aircraft flight operations take place, regardless of whether they involve air cargo, passengers, or neither.
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Agni (missile)
The Agni missile (Agnī, "fire"; also the Hindu God of Fire) is a family of medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed by India, named after one of the five elements of nature.
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Air chief marshal
Air chief marshal (Air Chf Mshl or ACM) is a four-star air officer rank which originated in and continues to be used by the Royal Air Force, where it is the most senior peacetime air force rank.
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Ajay Ahuja
Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja, VrC was a fighter pilot of the Indian Air Force who was killed by the Pakistani military in the 1999 Kargil War in Kashmir.
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Ali Kuli Khan Khattak
Ali Kuli Khan Khattak (Urdu: على قلى خان; HI(M), is a retired Pakistani three-star rank general officer and former field commander of X Corps. Prior to this field assignment, he was the chief of general staff and also directed the directorate-general of the Military Intelligence (DGMI) during his career. Khattak was also an instructor in the National Defence University (NDU) before being elevated to the senior staff appointments. He has been credited for foresight in predicting the dangers of terrorism and the public appraised reputation when thwarting the conspiracy hatched by infiltrated rogue officers against the government of Prime minister Benazir Bhutto. He opposed the Kargil War and was notably superseded by the former Prime minister Nawaz Sharif after approving the appointment of Khattak's course-mate, General Pervez Musharraf to four-star rank and chief of army staff.
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Amarinder Singh
Captain Amarinder Singh (born 11 March 1942) is an Indian politician, who is currently the 26th Chief Minister of Punjab.
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AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar
Hughes AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder Weapon Locating System is a mobile radar system developed by Hughes Aircraft Company and manufactured by Northrop Grumman and ThalesRaytheonSystems.
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Annexation of Goa
The Annexation of Goa was the process in which the Republic of India annexed the former Portuguese Indian territories of Goa, Daman and Diu, starting with the "armed action" carried out by the Indian Armed Forces in December 1961.
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Anthony Zinni
Anthony Charles Zinni (born September 17, 1943) is a former United States Marine Corps general and a former Commander in Chief of the United States Central Command (CENTCOM).
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Anti-aircraft warfare
Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action."AAP-6 They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons).
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Anuj Nayyar
Captain Anuj Nayyar, MVC (August 28, 1975 – July 7, 1999) was an Indian Army officer of 17 Jat who was posthumously awarded the Maha Vir Chakra, India's second highest gallantry award, for exemplary valour in combat during operations in the Kargil War in 1999.
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Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea, also known as Sea of Oman, is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Peninsula, and on the east by India.
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Arterial road
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road.
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Artillery
Artillery is a class of large military weapons built to fire munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry's small arms.
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Ashoka Chakra (military decoration)
The Ashoka Chakra (alternative spelling: Ashok Chakra) is India's highest peacetime military decoration awarded for valour, courageous action or self-sacrifice away from the battlefield.
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Ashraf Rashid
Major General Ashraf Rashid (Punjabi, أشرف رشيد) (May 23, 1948 – October 2, 2004) was a two-star general in the Pakistan Army and the colonel commandant of the Special Service Group division within the Pakistan Army from October 1995 to September 1999.
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Asia Times
Asia Times is a Hong Kong-based Philippine English-language news website covering politics, economics, business and culture "from an Asian perspective specially Philippine".
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Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee (pronunciation; born 25 December 1924) is an Indian politician who was the 10th Prime Minister of India, first term for 13 days in 1996 and then from 1998 to 2004.
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Attack aircraft
An attack aircraft, strike aircraft, or attack bomber, is a tactical military aircraft that has a primary role of carrying out airstrikes with greater precision than bombers, and is prepared to encounter strong low-level air defenses while pressing the attack.
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Ayaz Amir
Ayaz Amir (ایاز امیر) is a prominent Pakistani journalist, columnist and a senior politician.
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Azad Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir (آزاد جموں و کشمیر Āzād Jammū̃ o Kaśmīr, translation: Free Jammu and Kashmir), abbreviated as AJK and commonly known as Azad Kashmir, is a nominally self-governing polity administered by Pakistan.
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Aziz Khan (general)
General Muhammad Mir Aziz Khan (محمد عزیز خان 1 January 1947),,, best known as Aziz Khan, is a retired four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army who served as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, appointed on October 2001 until his retirement in 2005.
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Ballistic missile
A ballistic missile follows a ballistic trajectory to deliver one or more warheads on a predetermined target.
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Baltistan
Baltistan (بلتستان, script also known as Baltiyul or Little Tibet (script), is a mountainous region on the border of Pakistan and India in the Karakoram mountains just south of K2 (the world's second-highest mountain). Baltistan borders Gilgit to the west, Xinjiang (China) in the north, Ladakh on the southeast and the Kashmir Valley on the southwest. Its average altitude is over. Prior to 1947, Baltistan was part of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, having been conquered by Raja Gulab Singh's armies in 1840. Baltistan and Ladakh were administered jointly under one wazarat (district) of the state. Baltistan retained its identity in this set-up as the Skardu tehsil, with Kargil and Leh being the other two tehsils of the district. After the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir acceded to India, Gilgit Scouts overthrew the Maharaja's governor in Gilgit and (with Azad Kashmir's irregular forces) captured Baltistan. The Gilgit Agency and Baltistan have been governed by Pakistan ever since. The Kashmir Valley and the Kargil and Leh tehsils were retained by India. A small portion of Baltistan, including the village of Turtuk in the Nubra Valley, was incorporated into Ladakh after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. The region is inhabited primarily by Balti people of Tibetan descent. Millennia-old Tibetan culture, customs, norms, language and script still exist, although the vast majority of the population follows Islam. Baltistan is strategically significant to Pakistan and India; the Kargil and Siachen Wars were fought there. The region is the setting for Greg Mortenson's book, Three Cups of Tea.
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Battalion
A battalion is a military unit.
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Battle of Tololing
The Battle of Tololing was a pivotal battle in the Kargil War between India's armed forces and troops from the Northern Light Infantry who were aided by Pakistan-backed irregulars in 1999.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.
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Benazir Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto (بينظير ڀُٽو; 21 June 1953 – 27 December 2007) was a Pakistani politician who served as Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 1996.
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Bharatiya Janata Party
The Bharatiya Janata Party (translation: Indian People's Party; BJP) is one of the two major political parties in India, along with the Indian National Congress.
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Bihar Regiment
The Bihar Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army.
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.
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Biological agent
A biological agent—also called bio-agent, biological threat agent, biological warfare agent, biological weapon, or bioweapon—is a bacterium, virus, protozoan, parasite, or fungus that can be used purposefully as a weapon in bioterrorism or biological warfare (BW).
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Bofors
Bofors AB is a Swedish arms manufacturer.
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Bombay Stock Exchange
The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) is an Indian stock exchange located at Dalal Street, Mumbai (formerly Bombay).
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Brigadier
Brigadier is a military rank, the seniority of which depends on the country.
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Brinkmanship
Brinkmanship (also brinksmanship) is the practice of trying to achieve an advantageous outcome by pushing dangerous events to the brink of active conflict.
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Bruce Riedel
Bruce O. Riedel (born 1953) is an American expert on U.S. security, South Asia, and counter-terrorism.
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Caliber
In guns, particularly firearms, caliber or calibre is the approximate internal diameter of the gun barrel, or the diameter of the projectile it shoots.
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Camouflage
Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see (crypsis), or by disguising them as something else (mimesis).
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Captain (armed forces)
The army rank of captain (from the French capitaine) is a commissioned officer rank historically corresponding to the command of a company of soldiers.
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Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP) is a foreign-policy think tank with centers in Washington D.C., Moscow, Beirut, Beijing, Brussels, and New Delhi.
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Casualty (person)
A casualty in military usage is a person in military service, combatant or non-combatant, who becomes unavailable for duty due to several circumstances, including death, injury, illness, capture or desertion.
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Chagai-I
Chagai-I is the code name of five simultaneous underground nuclear tests conducted by Pakistan at 15:15 hrs PST on 28 May 1998.
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Chandigarh
Chandigarh is a city and a union territory in India that serves as the capital of the two neighbouring states of Haryana and Punjab.
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Chemical weapon
A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans.
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Chhayavaad
Chhayavaad (छायावाद) (approximated in English as "Romanticism", literally "Shaded") refers to the era of Neo-romanticism in Hindi literature, particularly Hindi poetry, 1922–1938, and was marked by an upsurge of romantic and humanist content.
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Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)
The Chief of Air Staff (سربراہ پاک فضائيہ) (reporting name: CAS), is a military appointment and a statutory office held by the four-star rank air force general in the Pakistan Air Force, who is appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan and final confirmation by the President of Pakistan.
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Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)
The Chief of Army Staff (سربراہ پاک فوج) (reporting name: COAS), is a military appointment and statutory office held by the four-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, who is appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan and final confirmation by the President of Pakistan.
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Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)
The Chief of the Naval Staff ((سربراہ پاک بحریہ (reporting name as CNS), is a military appointment and a Statutory office held by the four-star rank admiral in the Pakistan Navy, who is nominated and appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan and confirmed by the President of Pakistan. The Chief of Naval Staff is one of the senior-most appointments in the Pakistan military who is one of the senior members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee in a separate capacity, providing senior consultation to the Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee to act as a principle military advisor to the Prime Minister of Pakistan and its civilian government in the line of defending and safeguarding the expedition, maritime and sealine borders of the nation. The Chief of Naval Staff exercise its responsibility of command and control of the operational, combatant, logistics, administration, and training commands within the Pakistan Navy, in a clear contrast to the U.S. Navy's Chief of Naval Operations (CNO). Due to its responsibility and importance, the Chief of Naval Staff plays a critical role in assessing the coastal defence and conducting reconnaissance to insure its strike capability against aggressive forces. In Principle, the appointment is constitutionally subjected for three years but extensions may be granted by the President upon recommendations and approvals from the Prime Minister. The Chief of Naval Staff is based on the Navy NHQ, and the current Chief of Naval Staff is Admiral Admiral Z.M. Abbasi serving as chief of naval staff, who took over the command as chief of naval staff on 6 October 2017.
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Chief of the Army Staff (India)
The Chief of the Army Staff is the commander and usually the highest-ranking officer of the Indian Army.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chuni Lal
Naib Subedar Chuni Lal AC, VrC, SM was an Indian Army soldier of 8th battalion.
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CNN
Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.
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Code name
A code name or cryptonym is a word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project or person.
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Cologne
Cologne (Köln,, Kölle) is the largest city in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth most populated city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich).
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Command and control
Command and control or C2 is a "set of organizational and technical attributes and processes...
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Conventional warfare
Conventional warfare is a form of warfare conducted by using conventional weapons and battlefield tactics between two or more states in open confrontation.
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Corps
Corps (plural corps; via French, from the Latin corpus "body") is a term used for several different kinds of organisation.
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Court-martial
A court-martial or court martial (plural courts-martial or courts martial, as "martial" is a postpositive adjective) is a military court or a trial conducted in such a court.
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Cronyism
Cronyism is the practice of partiality in awarding jobs and other advantages to friends, family relatives or trusted colleagues, especially in politics and between politicians and supportive organizations.
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Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within
Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within is a 2008 book by Shuja Nawaz.
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Daily Times (Pakistan)
The Daily Times (DT) is an English-language Pakistani newspaper.
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Dainik Bhaskar
Dainik Bhaskar (दैनिक भास्कर) is an Indian Hindi-language daily newspaper that is the second largest circulated daily newspaper of India.
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Dawn (newspaper)
DAWN is Pakistan's oldest, leading and most widely read English-language newspaper.
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Declaration of war
A declaration of war is a formal act by which one state goes to war against another.
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Dhoop
Dhoop (धूप, Sunshine) is a 2003 Bollywood war drama film directed by Ashwini Chaudhary, based on Battle of Tiger Hill.
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Digital journalism
Digital journalism also known as online journalism is a contemporary form of journalism where editorial content is distributed via the Internet as opposed to publishing via print or broadcast.
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Director general
A director general or director-general (plural: directors generals, sometimes director generals) or general director is a senior executive officer, often the chief executive officer, within a governmental, statutory, NGO, third sector or not-for-profit institution.
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Division (military)
A division is a large military unit or formation, usually consisting of between 10,000 and 20,000 soldiers.
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Doordarshan
Doordarshan (abbreviated in English as DD) is an autonomous public service broadcaster founded by the Government of India, which is owned by the Broadcasting Ministry of India and is one of two divisions of Prasar Bharati.
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Dras
Dras (ISO transliteration: Drās) is a town in the Kargil District of Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir on NH 1 (former name NH 1D before renumbering of all national highways) between Zoji La pass and Kargil town.
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East Pakistan
East Pakistan was the eastern provincial wing of Pakistan between 1955 and 1971, covering the territory of the modern country Bangladesh.
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Eastern Naval Command
The Eastern Naval Command of the Indian Navy is one of its three major formations.
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Economy of Pakistan
The economy of Pakistan is the 25th largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), and 42nd largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product.
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Electronic media
Electronic media are media that use electronics or electromechanical audience to access the content.
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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Fasih Bokhari
Fasih Bokhari (Urdu:فصىح بخارى; b.1942), is a retired four star rank admiral in the Pakistan Navy, pacifist, and a political figure who served as the Chief of Naval Staff from taking over the Navy's command in 1997 until voluntarily tendering resignation in 1999. In 1999, Admiral Bokhari publicly disagreed and revolted against the public decision of Prime minister Nawaz Sharif over the appointment of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee after he was superseded by the Chief of Army Staff General Pervez Musharraf. He is notable for his war opposition stance, having called for public introspections about the Kargil War in 2000. In 2011, Bokhari was appointed as the chairman of the National Accountability Bureau by President Asif Ali Zardari but his appointment was mere with public controversies and was eventually removed by the Supreme Court of Pakistan in 2013.
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Fighter aircraft
A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat against other aircraft, as opposed to bombers and attack aircraft, whose main mission is to attack ground targets.
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Film criticism
Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films and the film medium.
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FIM-92 Stinger
The FIM-92 Stinger is a Man-Portable Air-Defense System (MANPADS) that operates as an infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM).
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Flameout
In aviation a flameout refers to the run-down of a jet engine caused by the extinction of the flame in the combustion chamber.
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Flight lieutenant
Flight Lieutenant (Flt Lt in the RAF and IAF; FLTLT in the RAAF and RNZAF—formerly sometimes F/L in all services) is a junior commissioned air force rank that originated in the Royal Naval Air Service and is still used in the Royal Air Force and many other countries, especially in the Commonwealth.
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Force multiplication
In military science, Force multiplication or a force multiplier refers to a factor or a combination of factors that dramatically increases (hence "multiplies") the effectiveness of an item or group, giving a given number of troops (or other personnel) or weapons (or other hardware) the ability to accomplish greater things than without it.
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Foreign Secretary of Pakistan
The Foreign Secretary of Pakistan is the Federal Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
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Freedom of the press
Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely.
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Frontal assault
The military tactic of frontal assault is a direct, hostile movement of forces toward the front of an enemy force (as compared to the flanks or rear of the enemy).
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Gas mask
The gas mask is a mask used to protect the user from inhaling airborne pollutants and toxic gases.
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General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon
The General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon is a single-engine supersonic multirole fighter aircraft originally developed by General Dynamics (now Lockheed Martin) for the United States Air Force (USAF).
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Gilgit-Baltistan
Gilgit-Baltistan, formerly known as the Northern Areas, is the northernmost administrative territory in Pakistan.
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Gorkha regiments (India)
Since the independence of India in 1947, as per the terms of the Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement, six Gorkha regiments, formerly part of the British Indian Army, became part of the Indian Army and have served ever since.
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Government of India
The Government of India (IAST), often abbreviated as GoI, is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic.
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Grand strategy
Grand strategy or high strategy comprises the "purposeful employment of all instruments of power available to a security community".
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Grenade launcher
A grenade launcher is a weapon that fires a specially-designed large-caliber projectile, often with an explosive, smoke or gas warhead.
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Grosset & Dunlap
Grosset & Dunlap is a United States publishing house founded in 1898.
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Group of Eight
The G8, reformatted as G7 from 2014 due to the suspension of Russia's participation, was an inter-governmental political forum from 1997 until 2014, with the participation of some major industrialized countries in the world, that viewed themselves as democracies.
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Guerrilla warfare
Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.
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Gulf War
The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
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Gunship
A gunship is a military aircraft armed with heavy guns, primarily intended for attacking ground targets.
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Hand-to-hand combat
Hand-to-hand combat (sometimes abbreviated as HTH or H2H) is a lethal or non-lethal physical confrontation between two or more persons at very short range (grappling distance, or within the physical reach of a handheld weapon) that does not involve the use of ranged weapons.
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Haubits FH77
Fälthaubits 77 (Swedish "Field Howitzer 77") or FH77 is a Swedish 155 mm howitzer.
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Havildar
A havildar or havaldar (हविलदार (Devanagari) (Perso-Arabic)) is a rank in the Indian and Pakistani armies, equivalent to a sergeant.
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Henry L. Stimson
Henry Lewis Stimson (September 21, 1867 – October 20, 1950) was an American statesman, lawyer and Republican Party politician.
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Herald (Pakistan)
The Herald is a monthly magazine of politics and current affairs published in Karachi, Pakistan.
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Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh (literally "snow-laden province") is a Indian state located in North India.
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Himalayas
The Himalayas, or Himalaya, form a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.
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Hindi
Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी, IAST: Hindī), or Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: मानक हिन्दी, IAST: Mānak Hindī) is a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language.
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Hindustan Times
Hindustan Times is an Indian English-language daily newspaper founded in 1924 with roots in the Indian independence movement of the period ("Hindustan" being a historical name for India).
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HuffPost
HuffPost (formerly The Huffington Post and sometimes abbreviated HuffPo) is a liberal American news and opinion website and blog that has both localized and international editions.
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IMDb
IMDb, also known as Internet Movie Database, is an online database of information related to world films, television programs, home videos and video games, and internet streams, including cast, production crew and personnel biographies, plot summaries, trivia, and fan reviews and ratings.
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In the Line of Fire: A Memoir
In the Line of Fire: A Memoir is a book that was written by former President of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf and first published on September 25, 2006.
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Incendiary device
Incendiary weapons, incendiary devices or incendiary bombs are weapons designed to start fires or destroy sensitive equipment using fire (and sometimes used as anti-personnel weaponry), that use materials such as napalm, thermite, magnesium powder, chlorine trifluoride, or white phosphorus.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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India and weapons of mass destruction
The Republic of India has developed and possesses weapons of mass destruction in the form of nuclear weapons.
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India Today
India Today is an Indian English-language fortnightly news magazine and news television channel.
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India–Israel relations
India–Israel relations refers to the bilateral ties between the Republic of India and the State of Israel.
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India–United States relations
India–United States relations (or Indo-American relations) refers to the international relations that exist between the Republic of India and the United States of America.
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Indian Air Force
The Indian Air Force (IAF; IAST: Bhāratīya Vāyu Senā) is the air arm of the Indian armed forces.
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Indian Armed Forces
The Indian Armed Forces (Hindi (in IAST): Bhāratīya Saśastra Senāeṃ) are the military forces of the Republic of India.
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Indian Army
The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces.
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Indian Navy
The Indian Navy (IN; IAST: Bhāratīya Nau Senā) is the naval branch of the Indian Armed Forces.
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Indirect fire
Indirect fire is aiming and firing a projectile without relying on a direct line of sight between the gun and its target, as in the case of direct fire.
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Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948, sometimes known as the First Kashmir War, was fought between India and Pakistan over the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu from 1947 to 1948.
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Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between Pakistan and India. The conflict began following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was designed to infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir to precipitate an insurgency against Indian rule. India retaliated by launching a full-scale military attack on West Pakistan. The seventeen-day war caused thousands of casualties on both sides and witnessed the largest engagement of armored vehicles and the largest tank battle since World War II. Hostilities between the two countries ended after a United Nations-mandated ceasefire was declared following diplomatic intervention by the Soviet Union and the United States, and the subsequent issuance of the Tashkent Declaration. Much of the war was fought by the countries' land forces in Kashmir and along the border between India and Pakistan. This war saw the largest amassing of troops in Kashmir since the Partition of British India in 1947, a number that was overshadowed only during the 2001–2002 military standoff between India and Pakistan. Most of the battles were fought by opposing infantry and armoured units, with substantial backing from air forces, and naval operations. Many details of this war, like those of other Indo-Pakistani Wars, remain unclear. India had the upper hand over Pakistan when the ceasefire was declared. "Satisfied that it had secured a strategic and psychological victory over Pakistan by frustrating its attempt to seize Kashmir by force, when the UN resolution was passed, India accepted its terms... with Pakistan's stocks of ammunition and other essential supplies all but exhausted, and with the military balance tipping steadily in India's favour." "Losses were relatively heavy—on the Pakistani side, twenty aircraft, 200 tanks, and 3,800 troops. Pakistan's army had been able to withstand Indian pressure, but a continuation of the fighting would only have led to further losses and ultimate defeat for Pakistan." Quote: The invading Indian forces outfought their Pakistani counterparts and halted their attack on the outskirts of Lahore, Pakistan's second-largest city. By the time the United Nations intervened on 22 September, Pakistan had suffered a clear defeat. Although the two countries fought to a standoff, the conflict is seen as a strategic and political defeat for Pakistan, "... the war itself was a disaster for Pakistan, from the first failed attempts by Pakistani troops to precipitate an insurgency in Kashmir to the appearance of Indian artillery within range of Lahore International Airport." – U.S. Department of State, – Interview with Steve Coll in United States House of Representatives 12 September 1994South Asia in World Politics By Devin T. Hagerty, 2005 Rowman & Littlefield,, p. 26 as it had neither succeeded in fomenting insurrection in Kashmir "... after some initial success, the momentum behind Pakistan's thrust into Kashmir slowed, and the state's inhabitants rejected exhortations from the Pakistani insurgents to join them in taking up arms against their Indian "oppressors." Pakistan's inability to muster support from the local Kashmiri population proved a disaster, both militarily and politically." nor had it been able to gain meaningful support at an international level. "Mao had decided that China would intervene under two conditions—that India attacked East Pakistan, and that Pakistan requested Chinese intervention. In the end, neither of them obtained." Internationally, the war was viewed in the context of the greater Cold War, and resulted in a significant geopolitical shift in the subcontinent. Before the war, the United States and the United Kingdom had been major material allies of both India and Pakistan, as their primary suppliers of military hardware and foreign developmental aid. During and after the conflict, both India and Pakistan felt betrayed by the perceived lack of support by the western powers for their respective positions; those feelings of betrayal were increased with the imposition of an American and British embargo on military aid to the opposing sides. As a consequence, India and Pakistan openly developed closer relationships with the Soviet Union and China, respectively. The perceived negative stance of the western powers during the conflict, and during the 1971 war, has continued to affect relations between the West and the subcontinent. In spite of improved relations with the U.S. and Britain since the end of the Cold War, the conflict generated a deep distrust of both countries within the subcontinent which to an extent lingers to this day."In retrospect, it is clear that the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 represented a watershed in the West's association with the subcontinent.""By extending the Cold War into South Asia, however, the United States did succeed in disturbing the subcontinent's established politico-military equilibrium, undermining British influence in the region, embittering relations between India and Pakistan and, ironically, facilitating the expansion of communist influence in the developing world." "The legacy of the Johnson arms cut-off remains alive today. Indians simply do not believe that America will be there when India needs military help... the legacy of the U.S. "betrayal" still haunts U.S.-Pakistan relations today.".
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Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred during the liberation war in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 to the fall of Dacca (Dhaka) on 16 December 1971.
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Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts
Since the partition of British India in 1947 and creation of modern states of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian countries have been involved in four wars, including one undeclared war, and many border skirmishes and military stand-offs.
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Indore
Indore is the most populous and the largest city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
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Indus River
The Indus River (also called the Sindhū) is one of the longest rivers in Asia.
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Infantry
Infantry is the branch of an army that engages in military combat on foot, distinguished from cavalry, artillery, and tank forces.
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Insurgency
An insurgency is a rebellion against authority (for example, an authority recognized as such by the United Nations) when those taking part in the rebellion are not recognized as belligerents (lawful combatants).
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Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
The insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir or the Kashmiri Insurgency (also known as Kashmir Intifada) is a conflict between various Kashmiri separatists and the Government of India.
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Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, and foreign policy objectives.
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Inter-Services Intelligence
The Inter-Services Intelligence (بین الخدماتی مخابرات, abbreviated as ISI) is the premier intelligence agency of Pakistan, operationally responsible for gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world.
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International Campaign to Ban Landmines
The International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) is a coalition of non-governmental organizations whose stated objective is a world free of anti-personnel mines and cluster munitions, where mine and cluster munitions survivors see their rights respected and can lead fulfilling lives.
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International isolation
International isolation is a penalty applied by the international community or a sizeable or powerful group of countries, like the United Nations, towards one nation, government or people group.
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Irregular military
Irregular military is any non-standard military component that is distinct from a country's national armed forces.
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Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, lit. "The Army of Defense for Israel"; جيش الدفاع الإسرائيلي), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal, are the military forces of the State of Israel.
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Jaipur
Jaipur is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan in Northern India.
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Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir (ænd) is a state in northern India, often denoted by its acronym, J&K.
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Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry
The Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry (JAK LI) is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army.
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Jammu and Kashmir Rifles
The Jammu and Kashmir Rifles is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army.
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Jamshed Gulzar Kiani
Lieutenant-General Jamshed Gulzar Kiani (Urdu: جمشید گلزار کیانی; b.20 July 1944 – 1 November 2008),, was a three-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, intelligence officer and the former Colonel Commandant of the Baloch Regiment and commander of X Corps.
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Jat Regiment
The Jat Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army.
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Jingoism
Jingoism is nationalism in the form of aggressive foreign policy, such as a country's advocacy for the use of threats or actual force, as opposed to peaceful relations, in efforts to safeguard what it perceives as its national interests.
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John F. Kennedy School of Government
The John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University (also known as Harvard Kennedy School and HKS) is a public policy and public administration school, of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
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Joint Staff Headquarters (Pakistan)
The Joint Staff Headquarters (reporting name:JS HQ), is the combatant joint-field operations secretariat and principal headquarters of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee established after Indo-Pakistani war of 1971 in Rawalpindi.It is situated neighborhood to GHQ.
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Jyotindra Nath Dixit
Jyotindra Nath Dixit (8 January 1936 – 3 January 2005) was an Indian diplomat, who as served as Foreign Secretary (1991–1994), the top bureaucrat in the Ministry of External Affairs.
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Kambampati Nachiketa
Group Captain Kambampati Nachiketa Vayusena Medal (Gallantry), is a serving officer of the Indian Air Force.
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Karachi
Karachi (کراچی; ALA-LC:,; ڪراچي) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh.
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Kargil
Kargil is a city in the Kargil district of Ladakh region, in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
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Kargil district
Kargil is a district of Ladakh division in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
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Kargil War
The Kargil War (करगिल युद्ध, kargil yuddh, کرگل جنگ kargil jang), also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July 1999 in the Kargil district of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC).
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Karnal Sher Khan
Karnal Sher Khan (1970–1999) (Urdu) was a Pakistan Army officer.
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Kashmir
Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.
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Kashmir conflict
The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947.
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Kirti Chakra
The Kirti Chakra is an Indian military decoration awarded for valour, courageous action or self-sacrifice away from the field of battle.
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Kurukshetra (2008 film)
Kurukshetra is a 2008 Indian Malayalam war film written and directed by Major Ravi.
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Laag (TV series)
Laag (لاگ) was a 1998 Pakistani action crime drama serial, run by PTV between 1998-2000.
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Ladakh
Ladakh ("land of high passes") is a region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir that currently extends from the Kunlun mountain range to the main Great Himalayas to the south, inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent.
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Lahore
Lahore (لاہور, لہور) is the capital city of the Pakistani province of Punjab, and is the country’s second-most populous city after Karachi.
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Lahore Declaration
The Lahore Declaration was a bilateral agreement and governance treaty between India and Pakistan.
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Lakshya (film)
Lakshya (English: Aim) is a 2004 Indian war-drama, directed by Farhan Akhtar and produced by Ritesh Sidhwani, starring Hrithik Roshan, Preity Zinta and Amitabh Bachchan in the lead roles.
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Lalak Jan
Havaldar Lalak Jan (Urdu: حولدار لالک جان) (April 1967 - July 1999) is the last and most recent recipient of Nishan-e-Haider.
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Land mine
A land mine is an explosive device concealed under or on the ground and designed to destroy or disable enemy targets, ranging from combatants to vehicles and tanks, as they pass over or near it.
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Laser-guided bomb
A laser-guided bomb (LGB) is a guided bomb that uses semi-active laser guidance to strike a designated target with greater accuracy than an unguided bomb.
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Leader of the Opposition (Pakistan)
The Leader of the Opposition (Urdu: قائد حزب اختلاف), is the people's elected politician who, by law, is the leader of the Official Opposition in Pakistan.
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Leh
Leh is a town in the Leh district of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
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Lieutenant general
Lieutenant general, lieutenant-general and similar (abbrev Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries.
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Line of Control
The term Line of Control (LoC) refers to the military control line between the Indian and Pakistani controlled parts of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir—a line which does not constitute a legally recognized international boundary, but is the de facto border.
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List of awards
A list of orders, medals, prizes, and other awards, of military, civil, and ecclesiastical conferees.
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List of Indian intelligence agencies
India has a number of Intelligence agencies of which the best known are the Research and Analysis Wing, India’s external intelligence agency and the Intelligence Bureau, the domestic intelligence agency.
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List of states with nuclear weapons
There are eight sovereign states that have successfully detonated nuclear weapons.
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LOC Kargil
LOC Kargil is 2003 Indian war drama film based on the Kargil War fought between India and Pakistan, produced and directed by J. P. Dutta under his J.P. Films Banner.
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Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha.
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London Review of Books
The London Review of Books (LRB) is a British journal of literary essays.
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Low intensity conflict
A low-intensity conflict (LIC) is a military conflict, usually localised, between two or more state or non-state groups which is below the intensity of conventional war.
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Maha Vir Chakra
The Maha Vir Chakra (MVC) (literally great warrior medal) is the second highest military decoration in India, after the Param Vir Chakra, and is awarded for acts of conspicuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air.
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Makhanlal Chaturvedi
Pandit Makhanlal Chaturvedi (4 April 1889 – 30 January 1968), also called Pandit ji, was an Indian poet, writer, essayist, playwright and a journalist who is particularly remembered for his participation in India's national struggle for independence and his contribution to Chhayavaad, the Neo-romanticism movement of Hindi literature.
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Malayalam
Malayalam is a Dravidian language spoken across the Indian state of Kerala by the Malayali people and it is one of 22 scheduled languages of India.
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Mandate (politics)
In politics, a mandate is the authority granted by a constituency to act as its representative.
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Manoj Kumar Pandey
Captain Manoj Kumar Pandey, PVC (25 June 1975 – 3 July 1999), was an Indian Army officer of 1/11 Gorkha Rifles who was posthumously awarded India's highest military honour, the Param Vir Chakra, for his audacious courage and leadership during the Kargil War in 1999.
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Mariappan Saravanan
Major Mariappan Saravanan (&ndash), was an officer in the prestigious Bihar Regiment of the Indian Army who was killed during the Kargil War.
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Materiel
Materiel, more commonly matériel in US English and also listed as the only spelling in some UK dictionaries (both pronounced, from French matériel meaning equipment or hardware), refers to military technology and supplies in military and commercial supply chain management.
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Mausam (2011 film)
Mausam (English: Season) is a 2011 Indian romantic drama film written and directed by Pankaj Kapur under the Vistaar Religare Film Fund banner.
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Media of India
Media of India consist of several different types of Indian communications media: television, radio, cinema, newspapers, magazines, and Internet-based Web sites.
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Media transparency
Media transparency (or transparent media) is the concept of determining how and why information is conveyed through various means.
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Mercenary
A mercenary is an individual who is hired to take part in an armed conflict but is not part of a regular army or other governmental military force.
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Mikoyan MiG-27
The Mikoyan MiG-27 (Микоян МиГ-27; NATO reporting name: Flogger-D/J) is a variable-geometry ground-attack aircraft, originally built by the Mikoyan-Gurevich design bureau in the Soviet Union and later license-produced in India by Hindustan Aeronautics as the Bahadur ("Valiant").
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Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-21; NATO reporting name: Fishbed) is a supersonic jet fighter and interceptor aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau in the Soviet Union.
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Mil Mi-17
The Mil Mi-17 (NATO reporting name: Hip) is a Russian helicopter in production at two factories in Kazan and Ulan-Ude.
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Mil Mi-8
The Mil Mi-8 (Ми-8, NATO reporting name: Hip) is a medium twin-turbine helicopter, originally designed by the Soviet Union, and now produced by Russia.
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Military Intelligence (Pakistan)
The Directorate for Military Intelligence, known as "Military Intelligence" (MI), is the intelligence arm of the Pakistan Army.
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Military logistics
Military logistics is the discipline of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of military forces.
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Military operation
A military operation is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation.
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Military tactics
Military tactics encompasses the art of organising and employing fighting forces on or near the battlefield.
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Mona Bhan
Mona Bhan is a cultural anthropologist and associate professor of Anthropology at DePauw University.
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Mortar (weapon)
A mortar is usually a simple, lightweight, man portable, muzzle-loaded weapon, consisting of a smooth-bore metal tube fixed to a base plate (to absorb recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount.
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Mountain warfare
Mountain warfare refers to warfare in the mountains or similarly rough terrain.
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Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (12 August 1924 – 17 August 1988) was a Pakistani four-star general who served as the 6th President of Pakistan from 1978 until his death in 1988, after declaring martial law in 1977.
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Mujahideen
Mujahideen (مجاهدين) is the plural form of mujahid (مجاهد), the term for one engaged in Jihad (literally, "holy war").
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Mutilation
Mutilation or maiming (from the Latin: mutilus) is cutting off or injury to a body part of a person so that the part of the body is permanently damaged, detached or disfigured.
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Mutual assured destruction
Mutual assured destruction or mutually assured destruction (MAD) is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two or more opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender (see pre-emptive nuclear strike and second strike).
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My Life (Bill Clinton autobiography)
My Life is a 2004 autobiography written by former President of the United States Bill Clinton, who left office on January 20, 2001.
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Napalm
Napalm is a mixture of a gelling agent and either gasoline (petrol) or a similar fuel.
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National Democratic Alliance (India)
The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is a centre-right coalition of political parties in India.
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National Film Awards
The National Film Awards is the most prominent film award ceremonies in India.
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National Highway (India)
The national highways network of India is a network of trunk roads that is managed and maintained by CPWD, Central Public Works Department, an agency of the Government of India.
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National Highway 1 (India)
National Highway 1 is a national highway in the Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir.
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National security
National security refers to the security of a nation state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, and is regarded as a duty of government.
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Nawaz Sharif
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu/میاں محمد نواز شریف, born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani business magnate and former politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan for three non-consecutive terms, all of the three terms were unsuccessful.
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NDTV
New Delhi Television Limited (NDTV) is an Indian television media company founded in 1988 by Radhika Roy, a journalist.
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News embargo
In journalism and public relations, a news embargo or press embargo is a request or requirement by a source that the information or news provided by that source not be published until a certain date or certain conditions have been met.
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News propaganda
News propaganda is a type of propaganda covertly packaged as credible news, but without sufficient transparency concerning the news item's source and the motivation behind its release.
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Nishan-e-Haider
Nishan-e-Haider (نشان حیدر) (abbreviated as "NH") is Pakistan's highest military gallantry award.
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Northern Light Infantry
The Northern Light Infantry (reporting name: NLI) is a light infantry regiment in the Pakistan Army, based and currently headquartered in Gilgit, the capital of Gilgit–Baltistan.
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Nuclear peace
Nuclear peace is a theory of international relations that argues that under some circumstances nuclear weapons can induce stability and decrease the chances of crisis escalation.
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Nuclear Threat Initiative
The Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization founded in 2001 by former U.S. Senator Sam Nunn and philanthropist Ted Turner in the United States, which works to prevent catastrophic attacks and accidents with weapons of mass destruction and disruption – nuclear, biological, radiological, chemical, and cyber.
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Nuclear warfare
Nuclear warfare (sometimes atomic warfare or thermonuclear warfare) is a military conflict or political strategy in which nuclear weaponry is used to inflict damage on the enemy.
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Nuclear weapon
A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or from a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb).
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Nuclear weapons testing
Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine the effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability of nuclear weapons.
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Observation post
An observation post (commonly abbreviated OP), temporary or fixed, is a position from which soldiers can watch enemy movements, to warn of approaching soldiers (such as in trench warfare), or to direct artillery fire.
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Officer (armed forces)
An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority.
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Om Puri
Om Prakash Puri, (18 October 1950 – 6 January 2017) was an Indian actor who appeared in mainstream commercial Indian films, as well as independent and art films.
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Operation Gibraltar
Operation Gibraltar was the codename given to the strategy of Pakistan to infiltrate Jammu and Kashmir, and start a rebellion against Indian rule.
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Operation Meghdoot
Operation Meghdoot (ऑपरेशन मेघदूत Ŏparēśan Meghdūt, lit. "Operation Cloud Messenger" after a famous Sanskrit poem by Kalidasa) was the code-name for the Indian Armed Forces operation to capture the Siachen Glacier in the Kashmir region, precipitating the Siachen Conflict.
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Operation Safed Sagar
Operation Safed Sagar (ऑपरेशन सफेद सागर, lit. "Operation White Sea") was the code name assigned to the Indian Air Force's strike to support the Ground troops during Kargil war that was aimed to flush out Regular and Irregular troops of the Pakistani Army from vacated Indian Positions in the Kargil sector along the Line of Control.
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Order of battle
In modern use, the order of battle of an armed force participating in a military operation or campaign shows the hierarchical organization, command structure, strength, disposition of personnel, and equipment of units and formations of the armed force.
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Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention, which entered into force on 29 April 1997.
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Outlook (magazine)
Outlook is a weekly general interest English news magazine published in India.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
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Pakistan
Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.
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Pakistan Air Force
The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) (پاک فِضائیہ—, or alternatively پاکیستان هاوایی فوج, reporting name: PAF) is the aerial warfare branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces, tasked primarily with the aerial defence of Pakistan, with a secondary role of providing air support to the Pakistan Army and the Pakistan Navy.
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Pakistan Armed Forces
The Pakistan Armed Forces (پاکستان مُسَلّح افواج, Pākistān Musallah Afwāj) are the military forces of Pakistan.
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Pakistan Army
Pakistan Army (پاک فوج Pak Fauj (IPA: pɑk fɒ~ɔd͡ʒ); Reporting name: PA) is the land-based force of the Pakistan Armed Forces.
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Pakistan Muslim League (N)
The Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) (پاکستان مسلم لیگ (ن) PML-N) is a centre-right conservative party in Pakistan.
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Pakistan Naval Air Arm Atlantique shootdown
On 10 August 1999, a Breguet Atlantic maritime patrol aircraft of the Pakistan Naval Air Arm was shot down by a MiG 21 fighter of the Indian Air Force over the Rann of Kutch, on the border between India and Pakistan.
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Pakistan Navy
The Pakistan Navy (rtl; Pɑkistan Bahri'a) (reporting name: PN) is the naval warfare branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces, responsible for Pakistan's of coastline along the Arabian Sea, and the defence of important civilian harbours and military bases.
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Pakistan Peoples Party
The Pakistan Peoples Party (پاکِستان پیپلز پارٹی, commonly referred to as the PPP) is a left-wing, socialist-progressive political party of Pakistan.
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Pakistan Television Corporation
Pakistan Television Corporation (پاكِستان ٹیلی وژن نیٹ ورک; reporting name: PTV) is a public and commercial broadcasting television network, as well as a mass-media state-owned megacorporation, with headquarters at Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Pankaj Kapur
Pankaj Kapur (born 29 May 1954) is an Indian theatre, television and film actor.
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Param Vir Chakra
The Param Vir Chakra (PVC) is India's highest military decoration, awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime.
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Paramilitary forces of India
The term "paramilitary forces" in India has not been defined in any acts or by authorities officially, however they are currently used to refer to following forces.
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Parliament of India
The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India.
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Parliament of Pakistan
The Parliament of Pakistan (مجلس شوریٰ پاکستان —) is the federal and supreme legislative body of Pakistan.
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Partition of India
The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan.
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Patna
Patna is the capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India.
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The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
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Pentagram (Indian band)
Pentagram is a four-piece Indian rock/electronica band started in 1994 in Mumbai, India.
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Pervaiz Mehdi Qureshi
Air Chief Marshal Parvaiz Mehdi Qureshi (Urdu: پرویز مهدی قریشی; b. 1 October 1943), best known as PQ Mehdi, is a retired four-star rank air force general and a former fighter pilot who served as the eighth Chief of Air Staff (CAS) of the Pakistan Air Force, appointed in 1997 until retiring in 2000.
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Pervez Musharraf
Pervez Musharraf (پرویز مشرف; born 11 August 1943) is a Pakistani politician and a retired four-star army general who was the tenth President of Pakistan from 2001 until tendering resignation, to avoid impeachment, in 2008.
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Plausible deniability
Plausible deniability is the ability of people (typically senior officials in a formal or informal chain of command) to deny knowledge of or responsibility for any damnable actions committed by others in an organizational hierarchy because of a lack of evidence that can confirm their participation, even if they were personally involved in or at least willfully ignorant of the actions.
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Point 5353
Point 5353 (also called Point 17561, and Marpo La Peak) is a mountain peak on the Line of Control dividing the Indian- and Pakistani-administered portions of Kashmir in the vicinity of Drass in the Kargil district.
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Pokhran-II
Pokhran-II was the series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998.
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Political campaign
A political campaign is an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making process within a specific group.
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Port of Karachi
The Port of Karachi (کراچی بندرگاہ Bandar gāh Karāchī) is one of South Asia's largest and busiest deep-water seaports, handling about 60% of the nation's cargo (25 million tons per annum) located in Karachi, Pakistan.
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Preemptive war
A preemptive war is a war that is commenced in an attempt to repel or defeat a perceived imminent offensive or invasion, or to gain a strategic advantage in an impending (allegedly unavoidable) war shortly before that attack materializes.
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President of Pakistan
The President of Pakistan (صدر مملکت پاکستان —), is the ceremonial head of state of Pakistan and a figurehead who represents the "unity of the Republic." in Chapter 1: The President, Part III: The Federation of Pakistan in the Constitution of Pakistan.
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Press Information Bureau
The Press Information Bureau, commonly abbreviated as PIB, is a nodal agency of the Government of India.
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Prime Minister of India
The Prime Minister of India is the leader of the executive of the Government of India.
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Prime Minister of Pakistan
The Prime Minister of Pakistan (وزِیرِ اعظم —,; lit. "Grand Vizier") is the head of government of Pakistan and designated as the "chief executive of the Republic".
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Prisoner of war
A prisoner of war (POW) is a person, whether combatant or non-combatant, who is held in custody by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.
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Pundit
A pundit is a person who offers to mass media his or her opinion or commentary on a particular subject area (most typically political analysis, the social sciences, technology or sport) on which he or she is knowledgeable (or can at least appear to be knowledgeable), or considered a scholar in said area.
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Rajesh Singh Adhikari
Major Rajesh Singh Adhikari, MVC (25 December 1970 – 30 May 1999), was an Indian Army officer who died during the Kargil War.
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Rajiv Gandhi
Rajiv Ratna Gandhi (20 August 1944 – 21 May 1991) was an Indian politician who served as the 6th Prime Minister of India from 1984 to 1989.
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Rajputana Rifles
The Rajputana Rifles is the one of the most senior rifle regiments of the Indian Army.
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RAND Corporation
RAND Corporation ("Research ANd Development") is an American nonprofit global policy think tank created in 1948 by Douglas Aircraft Company to offer research and analysis to the United States Armed Forces.
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Random House
Random House is an American book publisher and the largest general-interest paperback publisher in the world.
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Reconnaissance
In military operations, reconnaissance or scouting is the exploration outside an area occupied by friendly forces to gain information about natural features and other activities in the area.
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Research and Analysis Wing
The Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW or RAW) (IAST: Anusaṃdhān Aur Viśleṣaṇ Viṃg) is the foreign intelligence agency of India.
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Resistance movement
A resistance movement is an organized effort by some portion of the civil population of a country to withstand the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability.
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Ridge
A ridge or mountain ridge are geological features consisting of a chain of mountains or hills that form a continuous elevated crest for some distance.The sides of the ridge slope away from narrow top on either side.The line along the crest formed by the highest points, with the terrain dropping down on either side, is called the ridgeline.
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Rifleman
A rifleman is an infantry soldier armed with a rifled long gun.
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Sahara India Pariwar
Sahara India Pariwar is an Indian conglomerate headquartered in Lucknow, India with business interests in multiple sectors including finance, infrastructure & housing, media & entertainment, health care, education, hospitality and information technology.
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Sakshi Shivanand
Sakshi Shivanand (born 15 April 1977) is an Indian actress, who has appeared in Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi films.
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Sanjay Kumar (soldier)
Subedar Sanjay Kumar, PVC (born 3 March 1976) is an Indian Army soldier, a Junior Commissioned Officer and recipient of the Param Vir Chakra, India's highest military award.
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Satellite imagery
Satellite imagery (or spaceborne photography) are images of Earth or other planets collected by imaging satellites operated by governments and businesses around the world.
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Saurabh Kalia
Captain Saurabh Kalia (1976–1999) was an officer of the Indian Army who was martyr during the Kargil War while being held as a prisoner of war by the Pakistan Army.
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Sena Medal
This article is about the Sena Medal, an Indian Military decoration. 'SM' redirects here The Sena Medal is awarded to members of the Indian army, of all ranks, "for such individual acts of exceptional devotion to duty or courage as have special significance for the Army." Awards may be made posthumously and a bar is authorized for subsequent awards of the Sena Medal.
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Senate of Pakistan
Aiwan-e Bala (ایوانِ بالا) or Senate of Pakistan is the upper legislative chamber of the bicameral legislature of Pakistan, and together with the Qaumi Assembly makes up the Majlis-e-Shoora.
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Shaheed-E-Kargil
Shaheed-E-Kargil - A True Story is a Hindi war drama film of Bollywood directed by Dilip Gulati and produced by Farook.
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Shahid Aziz
Shahid Aziz (شاہد عزیز), is a Pakistani military author, intelligence writer, and retired three-star ranking general officer of the Pakistan Army.
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Shamshad Ahmad
Shamshad Ahmad (شمشاد احمد) is a veteran Pakistani diplomat, international relations expert and an author who served as the Foreign Secretary of Pakistan from 1997 to 2000.
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Shaukat Qadir
Shaukat Qadir is an independent Risk and Security Analyst who works generally in South Asia, particularly in Pakistan and Afghanistan.
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Shekhar Gurera
Shekhar Gurera, or Chander Shekhar Gurera (born 30 August 1965), is an Indian editorial cartoonist, illustrator, and graphic designer.
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Siachen Glacier
The Siachen Glacier (Hindi: सियाचिन ग्लेशियर, Urdu: سیاچن گلیشیر) is a glacier located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas at about, just northeast of the point NJ9842 where the Line of Control between India and Pakistan ends.
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Siege
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault.
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Simla Agreement
The Simla Agreement (or Shimla Agreement) was signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 in Simla, the capital city of Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.
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Skardu
Skardu (سکردو, script) is a city in Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan, and serves as the capital of Skardu District.
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Skardu Valley
The Skardu Valley (وادی سکردو) is located in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
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Skardu–Kargil Road
The Skardu–Kargil Road (سکردو – کرگل سڑک) is a historic road that linked Kargil and Skardu in Kashmir and Jammu.
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Small arms
Small arms include handguns (revolvers and pistols) and long guns, such as rifles, carbines, shotguns, submachine guns, assault rifles, personal defense weapons, and light machine guns.
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Smiling Buddha
Smiling BuddhaThis test has many code names.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
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Special Service Group
The Special Service Group (SSG) (عساکرء خدمات خصوصی) is the primary special operations force of the Pakistan Army.
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Squadron leader
Squadron leader (Sqn Ldr in the RAF; SQNLDR in the RAAF and RNZAF; formerly sometimes S/L in all services) is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence.
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Srinagar
Srinagar is the largest city and the summer capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
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State-owned enterprise
A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a business enterprise where the state has significant control through full, majority, or significant minority ownership.
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State-sponsored terrorism
State-sponsored terrorism is government support of violent non-state actors engaged in terrorism.
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States and union territories of India
India is a federal union comprising 29 states and 7 union territories, for a total of 36 entities.
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Stephen P. Cohen
Stephen Philip Cohen (born 1936) is an American political scientist and professor of security studies.
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Stumped (film)
Stumped is a 2003 Bollywood sport/drama film written and directed by Gaurav Pandey and produced by Raveena Tandon.
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Suppressive fire
In military science, suppressive fire (commonly called covering fire) is "fire that degrades the performance of an enemy force below the level needed to fulfill its mission".
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Surface-to-air missile
A surface-to-air missile (SAM, pronunced), or ground-to-air missile (GTAM, pronounced), is a missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy aircraft or other missiles.
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Tango Charlie
Tango Charlie is a 2005 Indian Hindi war film written and directed by Mani Shankar.
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Telephone tapping
Telephone tapping (also wire tapping or wiretapping in American English) is the monitoring of telephone and Internet conversations by a third party, often by covert means.
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Television in Pakistan
Television in Pakistan started in 1964, and the first live transmission of Pakistan Television began on November 26, 1964, in Lahore.
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The Financial Express (India)
Financial Express is an Indian English-language business newspaper.
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The Frontline
The Frontline, commonly known as Frontline, is a rap duo from Richmond, California consisting of Left and Locksmith, also known as Lock.
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The Grenadiers
The Grenadiers is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army, formerly part of the Bombay Army and later the pre-independence British Indian Army, when the regiment was known as the 4th Bombay Grenadiers.
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The Hindu
The Hindu is an Indian daily newspaper, headquartered at Chennai.
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The Indian Express
The Indian Express is an English-language Indian daily newspaper.
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The Times
The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England.
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The Times of India
The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Times Group.
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The Tribune (Chandigarh)
The Tribune is an Indian English-language daily newspaper published from Chandigarh, New Delhi, Jalandhar, Dehradun and Bathinda.
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The Washington Post
The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.
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The West Wing (season 1)
The first season of the American political drama television series The West Wing aired in the United States on NBC from September 22, 1999 to May 17, 2000 and consisted of 22 episodes.
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Theater (warfare)
In warfare, a theater or theatre (see spelling differences) is an area or place in which important military events occur or are progressing.
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Time (magazine)
Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.
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Union budget of India
The Union Budget of India, also referred to as the Annual Financial Statement in the Article 112 of the Constitution of India, is the annual budget of the Republic of India.
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United Jihad Council
The United Jihad Council, also known as the Muttahida Jihad Council (MJC), is an umbrella organisation formed by the Pakistan Army for unified command and control over the anti-Indian militant groups operating in Jammu and Kashmir.
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United States Central Command
The United States Central Command (USCENTCOM or CENTCOM) is a theater-level Unified Combatant Command of the U.S. Department of Defense.
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United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), often referred to as the State Department, is the United States federal executive department that advises the President and represents the country in international affairs and foreign policy issues.
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United States House Committee on Armed Services
The U.S. House Committee on Armed Services, commonly known as the House Armed Services Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.
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University of California Press
University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.
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University of Nebraska Press
The University of Nebraska Press, also known as UNP, was founded in 1941 and is an academic publisher of scholarly and general-interest books.
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Unmanned aerial vehicle
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard.
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V. P. Singh
Vishwanath Pratap Singh (25 June 1931 – 27 November 2008), was an Indian politician and government official, the 7th Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990.
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Ved Prakash Malik
General Ved Prakash Malik PVSM, AVSM (born 1 November 1939) served as the 19th Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army from 30 September 1997 to 30 September 2000.
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Vikram Batra
Captain Vikram Batra, PVC (9 September 1974 – 7 July 1999) was an officer of the Indian Army, posthumously awarded with the Param Vir Chakra, India's highest and most prestigious award for valour, for his actions during the 1999 Kargil War in Kashmir between India and Pakistan.
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Vir Chakra
Vir Chakra is an Indian gallantry award presented for acts of bravery on the battlefield.
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War
War is a state of armed conflict between states, societies and informal groups, such as insurgents and militias.
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Warhead
A warhead is the explosive or toxic material that is delivered by a missile, rocket, or torpedo.
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Wayback Machine
The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet.
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Weapon of mass destruction
A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a nuclear, radiological, chemical, biological or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans or cause great damage to human-made structures (e.g., buildings), natural structures (e.g., mountains), or the biosphere.
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Western Naval Command
The Western Naval Command is a formation of the Indian Navy.
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White House
The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States.
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White paper
A white paper is an authoritative report or guide that informs readers concisely about a complex issue and presents the issuing body's philosophy on the matter.
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Wind chill
Wind-chill or windchill, (popularly wind chill factor) is the lowering of body temperature due to the passing-flow of lower-temperature air.
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X Corps (Pakistan)
The X Corps is an active military administrative corps of the Pakistan Army, currently assigned in Rawalpindi, Punjab Province of Pakistan.
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Yogendra Singh Yadav
Subedar Major Yogendra Singh Yadav PVC is a Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) of the Indian Army, who was awarded the highest Indian military honour, the Param Vir Chakra, for his 4 July 1999 action during the Kargil War.
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1999 Cricket World Cup
The 1999 Cricket World Cup (officially known as ICC Cricket World Cup '99) was the seventh edition of the Cricket World Cup, organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC).
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Redirects here:
1999 Indo-Pakistani War, 1999 Kargil Conflict, 1999 Kargil conflict, 3rd Kashmir War, 3rd Kashmir war, Cargil War, Cargill War, India-Pakistan border war of 1999, Indo-Pakistani War of 1999, Indo-Pakistani border war of 1999, Kargil Conflict, Kargil conflict, Kargil crisis, Kargil war, Kargill war, Operation Badr (1999), Operation Vijay (1999), Third Kashmir War, Third Kashmir war.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kargil_War
