Kuril Islands and Takadaya Kahei

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Difference between Kuril Islands and Takadaya Kahei

Kuril Islands vs. Takadaya Kahei

The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands (or; p or r; Japanese: or), in Russia's Sakhalin Oblast region, form a volcanic archipelago that stretches approximately northeast from Hokkaido, Japan, to Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean. was a Japanese merchant credited with transforming the trading outpost of Hakodate in Japan's northern island of Hokkaidō into a thriving city. He is also recognised for opening the northern Etorofu sea route to the Kuril island fisheries and helping settle territorial disputes with Russia over the islands. Takadaya Kahei was born to a farming family, but left his birthplace when was 13, to work in Kobe as a sailor. He earned sufficient money to purchase his own Kitamaebune trading ship and sailed to Hakodate in the summer of 1796. He set up a business in the town, which at the time was a small trading outpost. He is reputed to have made a fortune through trade by importing sake, salt, rice and other staples to Ezochi (the Japanese area of Hokkaidō) and exporting herring, salmon and kelp to Honshū. He later developed trading routes to the Kuril Islands and operated many fisheries around Nemuro, a town on Hokkaidō's east coast. Takadaya is also known for his services in developing Hakodate. He repaired streets, cultivated the land and forested trees for lumber. After a destructive fire in 1806 he provided food, clothing and new housing for victims of the disaster. He also paid for workmen from Osaka to sink new wells and donated water pumps for fire fighting. He acquired a status as one of the most famous merchants in the era for his role in the Golovnin Incident. In 1812, during a dispute over the Kuril Island territorial waters, Takadaya Kahei was captured by Petr Rikord, captain of the Russian navy sloop in retaliation for the Japanese capture of explorer Vasily Golovnin. Along with his four sailors who were also captured on board the Kanze-maru, Takadaya was confined to Kamchatka for several months, his release finally secured through diplomacy. During his imprisonment he learned the Russian language and later worked with Vasily Golovnin to settle the Kuril Islands territorial border between the two countries. At the age of 50, Takadaya returned to his birthplace of Awaji Island. He died in 1827. A festival is held in Hakodate every year in late July to commemorate Takadaya Kahei.

Hokkaido

(), formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is the second largest island of Japan, and the largest and northernmost prefecture.

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Iturup

Iturup (accessdate; Ainu: エﾂﾟヲロプシㇼ, Etuworop-sir; 択捉島, Etorofu-tō, historically also called Yetorup), is one of the Kuril Islands.

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Kamchatka Peninsula

The Kamchatka Peninsula (полуо́стров Камча́тка, Poluostrov Kamchatka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (780 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi).

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Kuril Islands

The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands (or; p or r; Japanese: or), in Russia's Sakhalin Oblast region, form a volcanic archipelago that stretches approximately northeast from Hokkaido, Japan, to Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean.

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Pyotr Ivanovich Ricord

Pyotr Ivanovich Ricord, also Petr Rikord (Пётр Иванович Рикорд), 9 February 1776, Toropets, Pskov Governorate – 28 February 1855, St. Petersburg) was a Russian admiral, traveller, scientist, diplomat, writer, shipbuilder, statesman, and public figure. Pyotr Ricord was born in 1776 in the family of the prime major of Carabinier Ingermanland Regiment; he graduated from the Sea Cadet Corps; he began military service in the Baltic Fleet and got his first war decoration for the distinction in the landing operation on the coast of the Netherlands in 1799, it was the 4th class of the Order of St. Anne. In 1803–1805 among the twelve best naval officers, he was sent as a volunteer to the British Fleet to improve Russian maritime practices. At that time he made sea trips to almost all British maritime dominions and took part in the war with France and Spain. In 1807–1809 Ricord took part as a senior officer in Vasily Golovnin's world cruise on the ship Diana. He was awarded with the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class "for the excellent performance of his office on the sloop "Diana" and for his help and assistance rendered to the captain of the sloop" and in particular "for the preservation of people's health." In 1810–1811 he participated in the hydrographic exploration of the North Pacific, and he was awarded with the Order of St. George 4th class for 18 six-month maritime campaigns. The captivity of Vasily Golovnin in 1811–1813 almost led to war between Russia and Japan in what became known as the Golovnin Incident. After the capture Ricord organized and led three expeditions to the release of Russian sailors from Japanese captivity, during which he showed his extraordinary diplomatic skills. From 1817 to 1822 he was the head of Kamchatka and he was awarded with the 2nd class of the Order of St. Anne with diamond ornaments for the "humane care for the welfare of the residents." His plan of reforms on the Kamchatka Peninsula was accepted as a basis for long-term program of development of this region. An imperial decree ordered his successors as heads of the region to "stick to the rules worked out by fleet captain Ricord and to refrain from any changes." He was the head of the Russian Navy squadrons blockading the Dardanelles during the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829), participated in the Civil conflict in Greece (1831–1833), and defended Kronstadt (1854) during the Crimean War (1853–1856) Ricord was one of the organizers and one of 17 founding members of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society (1845) in Saint Petersburg, Russia. In 1850, he was appointed chairman of the Naval Scientific Committee. A Rikord Island in Peter the Great Gulf was named after him.

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Vasily Golovnin

Vasily Mikhailovich Golovnin (Василий Михайлович Головнин in Russian), Gulyniki, Ryazan Oblast, Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia, was a Russian navigator, Vice Admiral, and corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1818).

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