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230 relations: Abkhazia, Adolf Hitler, Ahrar Party (Azerbaijan), Alexander Poskrebyshev, Alexey Kuznetsov, Alien invasion, Alternate history, Anastas Mikoyan, Andrei Zhdanov, Archangel (Harris novel), August Uprising, Axis of Time, Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Baku Polytechnicum, Balkars, Baltic states, Barrier troops, Battle of the Caucasus, BBC, Bedřich Geminder, Bob Hoskins, Bogdan Kobulov, Bolsheviks, Bulgaria, Bunker, Capital punishment, Caucasus, CBS, Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Central Europe, Chechens, Cheka, Chinese Civil War, Cold War, Communist Party of Azerbaijan, Communist Party of China, Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Council of People's Commissars, Coup d'état, Crimean Tatars, Czechoslovakia, David Suchet, Democracy and Totalitarianism, Democratic Republic of Georgia, Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, Doctors' plot, E. G. Marshall, East Berlin, ..., Eastern Europe, Eastern Front (World War II), Edvard Radzinsky, Enemy of the people, Estonia, First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Gaioz Devdariani, Georgia (country), Georgian Orthodox Church, Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, Georgy Malenkov, Georgy Zhukov, Gestapo–NKVD conferences, Grand Prix (Cannes Film Festival), Great Purge, Greeks in Kazakhstan, Gulag, Gulripshi District, Hard to Be a God, Harry Turtledove, Hearing loss, Heinrich Himmler, Hero of the Soviet Union, History of the Soviet Union, House of Jaqeli, Ingush people, Inquisition, International Federation of Film Critics, Iran, Israel, Ivan Konev, Japan, Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, John Birmingham, Jonas Jonasson, Joseph Stalin, Kaliningrad Oblast, Kandid Charkviani, Karachays, Karelian question, Katyn massacre, Kim Il-sung, Kingsley Amis, Kliment Voroshilov, Kuril Islands, Kutais Governorate, Kwantung Army, Labor camp, Latvia, Lazar Kaganovich, Leningrad affair, List of leaders of the Soviet Union, Lithuania, Lubyanka Building, Manchuria, Mao Zedong, Marshal of the Soviet Union, Martin Sixsmith, Mensheviks, Merkheuli, Mikhail Rodionov, Military prison, Mingrelians, Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia), Ministry of Internal Affairs (Soviet Union), Ministry of State Security (Soviet Union), Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Moscow, Moscow Military District, Musavat, Muslim Social Democratic Party, National security, Nikita Khrushchev, Nikolai Bulganin, Nikolai Voznesensky, Nikolai Yezhov, NKVD, North Korea, Novaya Zemlya, Nuclear Secrets, Old Bolshevik, Operation Barbarossa, Order of the Red Banner, Order of Victory, Packard, Pavel Batitsky, Pavel Sudoplatov, People's Liberation Army, Petroleum industry, Playhouse 90, Politburo, Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Politician, Population transfer in the Soviet Union, Pravda, Premier of the Soviet Union, Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, Princeton University Press, Prize of the Ecumenical Jury, Purge of the Red Army in 1941, Random House, Rape, Red Army, Red Army invasion of Georgia, Red Monarch, Repentance (1987 film), Richard Condon, Robert Harris (novelist), Rootless cosmopolitan, Roshan Seth, Rudolf Slánský, Russian Civil War, Russian Empire, Russian Far East, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Saint Petersburg, Samson Mamulia, Satellite state, Secret police, Semipalatinsk Test Site, Semyon Ignatyev, Sergei Kruglov (politician), Sergey Kirov, Sergo Goglidze, Sergo Ordzhonikidze, Sharashka, Simon Russell Beale, Simon Sebag Montefiore, Slánský trial, SMERSH, Socialist Republic of Romania, Solitary confinement, Solomon Mikhoels, Soviet atomic bomb project, Soviet Central Asia, Soviet partisans, Soviet Union, Special Tasks, Stalin (1992 film), Stalinism, State Defense Committee, State Political Directorate, Sukhum Okrug, Sukhumi, Supreme Court of the Soviet Union, Svetlana Alliluyeva, Syphilis, Tatiana Okunevskaya, Tengiz Abuladze, Terrorism, The Alteration, The Death of Stalin, The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared, The Inner Circle (1991 film), The Manchurian Candidate, Theodore Hall, Transcaucasia, Treason, Turkey, Uprising of 1953 in East Germany, Uranium, Viktor Abakumov, Vladimir Dekanozov, Vladimir Lenin, Volga Germans, Vsevolod Merkulov, Vyacheslav Molotov, World War II, World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West, Worldwar series, Yalta Conference, Zakopane, Zionism, 18th Politburo of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), 1987 Cannes Film Festival, 19th Presidium of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 2nd Guards Motor Rifle Division, 4th Guards Tank Division. Expand index (180 more) »
Abkhazia
Abkhazia (Аҧсны́; აფხაზეთი; p) is a territory on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, south of the Greater Caucasus mountains, in northwestern Georgia.
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Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.
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Ahrar Party (Azerbaijan)
The Ahrar (Liberal) Party (Əhrar firqəsi) was a small political party in Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918-1920), representing mainly the Sunni peasantry of Azerbaijan.
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Alexander Poskrebyshev
Alexander Nikolaevich Poskrebyshev (Александр Николаевич Поскрёбышев; 7 August 1891 – 3 January 1965) was a Soviet politician and a state and Communist Party functionary.
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Alexey Kuznetsov
Alexey Alexandrovich Kuznetsov (Borovichi—1 October 1950, Moscow) was a Soviet statesman, CPSU (since 1925) functionary, Lieutenant General, member of CPSU Central Committee (1939-1949).
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Alien invasion
The alien invasion or space invasion is a usual part of science fiction stories and film, in which extraterrestrials invade the Earth either to exterminate and supplant human life, enslave it under an intense state, harvest people for food, steal the planet's resources, or destroy the planet altogether.
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Alternate history
Alternate history or alternative history (Commonwealth English), sometimes abbreviated as AH, is a genre of fiction consisting of stories in which one or more historical events occur differently.
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Anastas Mikoyan
Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan (25 November 1895 – 21 October 1978) was a Soviet Armenian revolutionary, Old Bolshevik and statesman during the mandates of Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev and Brezhnev.
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Andrei Zhdanov
Andrei Alexandrovich Zhdanov (p; – 31 August 1948) was a Soviet Communist Party leader and cultural ideologist.
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Archangel (Harris novel)
Archangel is a novel by Robert Harris set in modern Russia.
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August Uprising
The August Uprising (აგვისტოს აჯანყება, agvistos adjanq’eba) was an unsuccessful insurrection against Soviet rule in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic from late August to early September 1924.
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Axis of Time
The Axis of Time trilogy is an alternative history series of novels written by Australian journalist and author John Birmingham, from Macmillan Publishing.
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Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR; Azərbaycan Demokratik Respublikası), also known as Azerbaijan People's Republic (Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti) or Caucasus Azerbaijan in diplomatic documents, was the third democratic republic in the Turkic world and Muslim world, after the Crimean People's Republic and Idel-Ural Republic.
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Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (formerly Azerbaijan State Oil Academy) Azərbaycan Respublikası Prezidentinin 3 sentyabr 2015-ci il tarixli Sərəncamı.
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Baku
Baku (Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region, with a population of 2,374,000.
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Baku Polytechnicum
Baku Polytechnicum (Bakı Politexnikumun) is a now-defunct technical university that was established in 1887 in Baku, when it was under Russian rule.
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Balkars
The Balkars (Малкъарлыла, таулула Malqarlıla, tawlula) are a Turkic people of the Caucasus region, one of the titular populations of Kabardino-Balkaria.
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Baltic states
The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations or simply the Baltics (Balti riigid, Baltimaad, Baltijas valstis, Baltijos valstybės), is a geopolitical term used for grouping the three sovereign countries in Northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.
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Barrier troops
Barrier troops, blocking units, or anti-retreat forces are troops that are placed behind the front lines during a battle in order to shoot any soldiers attempting to retreat or escape from the battle.
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Battle of the Caucasus
The Battle of the Caucasus is a name given to a series of Axis and Soviet operations in the Caucasus area on the Eastern Front of World War II.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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Bedřich Geminder
Bedřich Geminder (November 19, 1901 in Vítkovice - December 3, 1952 in Prague) was Chief of the International Section of the Secretariat of Czechoslovak Communist Party.
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Bob Hoskins
Robert William Hoskins (26 October 1942 – 29 April 2014) was an English actor.
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Bogdan Kobulov
Bogdan Kobulov (Богда́н Заха́рович Кобу́лов; 1 March 1904 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet politician and member of the Soviet security and police apparatus during the rule of Joseph Stalin, as was his younger brother Amayak Zaharovich Kobulov.
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Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists or Bolsheviki (p; derived from bol'shinstvo (большинство), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority"), were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.
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Bunker
A bunker is a defensive military fortification designed to protect people or valued materials from falling bombs or other attacks.
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Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.
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CBS
CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.
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Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was de jure the highest body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) between Party Congresses.
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Central Europe
Central Europe is the region comprising the central part of Europe.
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Chechens
Chechens (Нохчий; Old Chechen: Нахчой Naxçoy) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples originating in the North Caucasus region of Eastern Europe.
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Cheka
All-Russian Extraordinary Commission (Всероссийская Чрезвычайная Комиссия), abbreviated as VChK (ВЧК, Ve-Che-Ka) and commonly known as Cheka, (from the initialism ChK) was the first of a succession of Soviet secret police organizations.
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Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a war fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led government of the Republic of China and the Communist Party of China (CPC).
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Cold War
The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).
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Communist Party of Azerbaijan
The Azerbaijan Communist Party (Azərbaycan Kommunist Partiyası; Коммунистическая партия Азербайджана) was the ruling political party in the Azerbaijan SSR, making it effectively a branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
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Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China (CPC), also referred to as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China.
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Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union.
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Council of People's Commissars
The Council of People's Commissars (Совет народных комиссаров or Совнарком, translit. Soviet narodnykh kommissarov or Sovnarkom, also as generic SNK) was a government institution formed shortly after the October Revolution in 1917.
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Coup d'état
A coup d'état, also known simply as a coup, a putsch, golpe de estado, or an overthrow, is a type of revolution, where the illegal and overt seizure of a state by the military or other elites within the state apparatus occurs.
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Crimean Tatars
Crimean Tatars or Crimeans (Crimean Tatar: Qırımtatarlar, qırımlar, Kırım Tatarları, Крымские Татары, крымцы, Кримськi Татари, кримцi) are a Turkic ethnic group that formed in the Crimean Peninsula during the 13th–17th centuries, primarily from the Turkic tribes that moved to the land now known as Crimea in Eastern Europe from the Asian steppes beginning in the 10th century, with contributions from the pre-Cuman population of Crimea.
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Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko), was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the:Czech Republic and:Slovakia on 1 January 1993.
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David Suchet
David Suchet, (born 2 May 1946) is an English actor, known for his work on British stage and television.
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Democracy and Totalitarianism
Democracy and Totalitarianism is a book by French philosopher and political scientist Raymond Aron.
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Democratic Republic of Georgia
The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა) existed from May 1918 to February 1921 and was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia. The DRG was created after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917. Its established borders were with the Kuban People's Republic and the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus in the north, the Ottoman Empire and the First Republic of Armenia in the south, and the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in the southeast. It had a total land area of roughly 107,600 km2 (by comparison, the total area of today's Georgia is 69,700 km2), and a population of 2.5 million. The republic's capital was Tbilisi, and its state language was Georgian. Proclaimed on May 26, 1918, on the break-up of the Transcaucasian Federation, it was led by the Georgian Social Democratic Party (also known as the Georgian Menshevik Party). Facing permanent internal and external problems, the young state was unable to withstand invasion by the Russian SFSR Red Armies, and collapsed between February and March 1921 to become a Soviet republic.
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Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
This is a list of all Deputy Premiers of the Soviet Union, meaning the government.
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Doctors' plot
The Doctors' plot (дело врачей, "doctors' case", also known as the case of doctors-saboteurs or doctors-killers) was an antisemitic campaign organized by Joseph Stalin.
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E. G. Marshall
E.
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East Berlin
East Berlin existed from 1949 to 1990 and consisted of the Soviet sector of Berlin established in 1945.
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Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.
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Eastern Front (World War II)
The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.
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Edvard Radzinsky
Edvard Stanislavovich Radzinsky (Э́двард Станисла́вович Радзи́нский) (born September 23, 1936) is a Russian playwright, television personality, screenwriter, and the author of more than forty popular history books.
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Enemy of the people
The term enemy of the people is a designation for the political or class opponents of the subgroup in power within a larger group.
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Estonia
Estonia (Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik), is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.
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First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
The office of First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, also called First Vice Premier of the Soviet Union, was synonymous with vice-head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); a First Deputy Premier did not always serve in his post alone.
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First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party
The First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party was the leading position in the Georgian Communist party during the Soviet era.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Sr. (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.
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Gaioz Devdariani
Gaioz Devdariani (გაიოზ დევდარიანი) (February 2, 1901 – 1938) was a prominent Georgian revolutionary, Soviet politician, member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences and a victim of the Great Purge of 1937.
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Georgia (country)
Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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Georgian Orthodox Church
The Georgian Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church (საქართველოს სამოციქულო ავტოკეფალური მართლმადიდებელი ეკლესია, sakartvelos samotsikulo avt’ok’epaluri martlmadidebeli ek’lesia) is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church in full communion with the other churches of Eastern Orthodoxy.
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Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Georgia, formally the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (Georgian SSR; tr; Gruzinskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), was one of the republics of the Soviet Union from its inception in 1922 to its breakup in 1991.
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Georgy Malenkov
Georgy Maximilianovich Malenkov (– 14 January 1988) was a Soviet politician who succeeded Joseph Stalin as Premier of the Soviet Union, holding this position from 1953 to 1955.
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Georgy Zhukov
Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (– 18 June 1974) was a Soviet Red Army General who became Chief of General Staff, Deputy Commander-in-Chief, Minister of Defence and a member of the Politburo.
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Gestapo–NKVD conferences
The Gestapo–NKVD conferences were a series of security police meetings organized in late 1939 and early 1940 by Germany and the Soviet Union, following their joint invasion of Poland in accordance with the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact.
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Grand Prix (Cannes Film Festival)
The Grand Prix is an award of the Cannes Film Festival bestowed by the jury of the festival on one of the competing feature films.
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Great Purge
The Great Purge or the Great Terror (Большо́й терро́р) was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union which occurred from 1936 to 1938.
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Greeks in Kazakhstan
The Greeks of Kazakhstan are mainly the descendants of Pontic Greek who were deported there by Joseph Stalin, from southern Russia and the Caucasus region, at first the Crimean Greeks on 1944, under the resolution 5984 of June 2, 1944.
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Gulag
The Gulag (ГУЛАГ, acronym of Главное управление лагерей и мест заключения, "Main Camps' Administration" or "Chief Administration of Camps") was the government agency in charge of the Soviet forced labor camp system that was created under Vladimir Lenin and reached its peak during Joseph Stalin's rule from the 1930s to the 1950s.
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Gulripshi District
Gulripshi District (გულრიფშის რაიონი, Гәылрыҧшь араион) is a district of Abkhazia, one of Georgia’s breakaway republics.
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Hard to Be a God
Hard to Be a God (Трудно быть богом, Trudno byt' bogom) is a 1964 science fiction novel by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky set in the Noon Universe.
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Harry Turtledove
Harry Norman Turtledove (born June 14, 1949) is an American novelist, best known for his work in the genres of alternate history, historical fiction, fantasy, and science fiction.
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Hearing loss
Hearing loss, also known as hearing impairment, is a partial or total inability to hear.
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Heinrich Himmler
Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) of Germany.
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Hero of the Soviet Union
The title Hero of the Soviet Union (translit) was the highest distinction in the Soviet Union, awarded personally or collectively for heroic feats in service to the Soviet state and society.
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History of the Soviet Union
The "History of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union" reflects a period of change for both Russia and the world.
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House of Jaqeli
The House of Jaqeli (ჯაყელი) was a Georgian princely (mtavari) family and a ruling dynasty of the Principality of Samtskhe, an offshoot of the House of Chorchaneli.
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Ingush people
The Ingush (ГIалгIай,, pronounced) are a Caucasian native ethnic group of the North Caucasus, mostly inhabiting their native Ingushetia, a federal republic of Russian Federation.
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Inquisition
The Inquisition was a group of institutions within the government system of the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat public heresy committed by baptized Christians.
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International Federation of Film Critics
The International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI, short for Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique) is an association of national organizations of professional film critics and film journalists from around the world for "the promotion and development of film culture and for the safeguarding of professional interests." It was founded in June 1930 in Brussels, Belgium.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.
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Ivan Konev
Ivan Stepanovich Konev (Ива́н Степа́нович Ко́нев; – 21 May 1973) was a Soviet military commander who led Red Army forces on the Eastern Front during World War II, retook much of Eastern Europe from occupation by the Axis Powers, and helped in the capture of Germany's capital, Berlin.
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Japan
Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.
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Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
The Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee (JAC, Еврейский антифашистский комитет Yevreysky antifashistsky komitet, ЕАК) was organized by the Jewish Bund (labor union) leaders Henryk Erlich and Victor Alter, upon an initiative of Soviet authorities, in fall 1941; both were released from prison in connection with their participation.
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John Birmingham
John Birmingham (born 7 August 1964) is a British-born left-wing Australian author, known for the 1994 memoir He Died with a Felafel in His Hand, and his Axis of Time trilogy.
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Jonas Jonasson
Pär-Ola Jonas Jonasson (born Per Ola Jonasson; 6 July 1961) is a Swedish journalist and writer, best known as the author of the best-seller The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared.
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Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Georgian nationality.
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Kaliningrad Oblast
Kaliningrad Oblast (Калинингра́дская о́бласть, Kaliningradskaya oblast), often referred to as the Kaliningrad Region in English, or simply Kaliningrad, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation that is located on the coast of the Baltic Sea.
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Kandid Charkviani
Kandid Charkviani (კანდიდ ჩარკვიანი, Кандид Несторович Чарквиани; 1907 – 13 September 1994) was a Georgian party and government official, and First Secretary of the Communist Party of Georgia from 1938 to 1952.
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Karachays
The Karachays (Къарачайлыла, таулула Qaraçaylıla, tawlula) are a Turkic people of the North Caucasus, mostly situated in the Russian Karachay–Cherkess Republic.
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Karelian question
The Karelian question or Karelian issue (Karjala-kysymys) is a dispute in Finnish politics over whether or not to try to regain control over Finnish Karelia and other territories ceded to the Soviet Union in the Winter War and the Continuation War.
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Katyn massacre
The Katyn massacre (zbrodnia katyńska, "Katyń massacre" or "Katyn crime"; Катынская резня or Катынский расстрел Katynskij reznya, "Katyn massacre") was a series of mass executions of Polish intelligentsia carried out by the NKVD ("People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs", the Soviet secret police) in April and May 1940.
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Kim Il-sung
Kim Il-sung (or Kim Il Sung) (born Kim Sŏng-ju; 15 April 1912 – 8 July 1994) was the first leader of North Korea, from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.
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Kingsley Amis
Sir Kingsley William Amis, CBE (16 April 1922 – 22 October 1995) was an English novelist, poet, critic, and teacher.
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Kliment Voroshilov
Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov (Kliment Jefremovič Vorošilov; Климент Охрімович Ворошилов, Klyment Okhrimovyč Vorošylov), popularly known as Klim Voroshilov (Клим Вороши́лов, Klim Vorošilov) (4 February 1881 – 2 December 1969), was a prominent Soviet military officer and politician during the Stalin era.
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Kuril Islands
The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands (or; p or r; Japanese: or), in Russia's Sakhalin Oblast region, form a volcanic archipelago that stretches approximately northeast from Hokkaido, Japan, to Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean.
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Kutais Governorate
The Kutais Governorate (Кутаисская губерния; ქუთაისის გუბერნია) was one of the guberniyas of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire.
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Kwantung Army
The Kwantung Army was an army group of the Imperial Japanese Army in the first half of the 20th century.
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Labor camp
A labor camp (or labour, see spelling differences) or work camp is a simplified detention facility where inmates are forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment under the criminal code.
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Latvia
Latvia (or; Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika), is a sovereign state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.
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Lazar Kaganovich
Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich (Ла́зарь Моисе́евич Кагано́вич; – 25 July 1991) was a Soviet politician and administrator and one of the main associates of Joseph Stalin.
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Leningrad affair
The Leningrad affair, or Leningrad case ("Ленинградское дело" in Russian, or "Leningradskoye delo"), was a series of criminal cases fabricated in the late 1940s–early 1950s by Joseph Stalin in order to accuse a number of prominent politicians and members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union of treason and intention to create an anti-Soviet organisation based in Leningrad.
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List of leaders of the Soviet Union
Under the 1977 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was the head of government and the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the head of state.
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Lithuania
Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.
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Lubyanka Building
Lubyanka (p) is the popular name for the headquarters of the FSB and affiliated prison on Lubyanka Square in Meshchansky District of Moscow, Russia.
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Manchuria
Manchuria is a name first used in the 17th century by Chinese people to refer to a large geographic region in Northeast Asia.
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Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), commonly known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who became the founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.
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Marshal of the Soviet Union
Marshal of the Soviet Union (Маршал Советского Союза) was the highest military rank of the Soviet Union, below Generalissimus of the Soviet Union.
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Martin Sixsmith
Martin Sixsmith (born 24 September 1954) is a British author and radio/television presenter, primarily working for the BBC.
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Mensheviks
The Mensheviks (меньшевики) were a faction in the Russian socialist movement, the other being the Bolsheviks.
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Merkheuli
Merkheuli (Мархьаул; მერხეული) is a village in Abkhazia.
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Mikhail Rodionov
Mikhail Ivanovich Rodionov (Михаи́л Ива́нович Родио́нов; Russian Empire, – Moscow, 1 October 1950) was a Soviet-Russian statesman who was from 1946 to 1949 the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR, literally meaning Premier or Prime Minister.
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Military prison
A military prison is a prison operated by the military.
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Mingrelians
The Megrelians (Megrelian: მარგალი, margali; მეგრელები: megrelebi) or Mingrelians are an ethnic subgroup of Georgians that mostly live in Samegrelo region of Georgia.
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Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (MOI, Министерство внутренних дел, МВД, Ministerstvo Vnutrennikh Del, MVD) is the interior ministry of Russia.
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Ministry of Internal Affairs (Soviet Union)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD; Министерство внутренних дел СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union.
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Ministry of State Security (Soviet Union)
The MGB ('МГБ'), an initialism for Ministerstvo gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti SSSR (p, translated in English as Ministry for State Security), was the name of the Soviet state security apparatus dealing with internal and external security issues: secret police duties, foreign and domestic intelligence and counterintelligence, etc from 1946 to 1953.
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Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (shortly: Moldavian SSR, abbr.: MSSR; Republica Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească, in Cyrillic alphabet: Република Советикэ Сочиалистэ Молдовеняскэ; Молда́вская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика Moldavskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known to as Soviet Moldavia or Soviet Moldova, was one of the fifteen republics of the Soviet Union existed from 1940 to 1991.
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Moscow
Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.
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Moscow Military District
The Moscow Military District was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
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Musavat
The Müsavat Party (Müsavat Partiyası, from Arabic مساواة musāwāt, meaning "equality, parity", Equality Party) is the oldest existing political party in Azerbaijan.
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Muslim Social Democratic Party
The Muslim Social Democratic Party, usually referred to as Hummet (Hümmət) ("Endeavor"), was a political party in South Caucasus.
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National security
National security refers to the security of a nation state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, and is regarded as a duty of government.
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Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April 1894 – 11 September 1971) was a Soviet statesman who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964.
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Nikolai Bulganin
Nikolai Alexandrovich Bulganin (– 24 February 1975) was a Soviet politician who served as Minister of Defense (1953–1955) and Premier of the Soviet Union (1955–1958) under Nikita Khrushchev, following service in the Red Army and as defense minister under Joseph Stalin.
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Nikolai Voznesensky
Nikolai Alekseevich Voznesensky (Никола́й Алексе́евич Вознесе́нский, – 1 October 1950) was the Soviet economic planner who oversaw the running of Gosplan during the German-Soviet War.
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Nikolai Yezhov
Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov,; May 1, 1895 – February 4, 1940) was a Soviet secret police official under Joseph Stalin who was head of the NKVD from 1936 to 1938, during the most active period of the Great Purge. Having presided over mass arrests and executions during the Great Purge, Yezhov eventually fell from Stalin's favour and power. He was arrested, confessed to a range of anti-Soviet activity, later claiming he was tortured into making these confessions, and was executed in 1940. By the beginning of World War II, his status within the Soviet Union had become that of enemy of the people.
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NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (Народный комиссариат внутренних дел, Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del), abbreviated NKVD (НКВД), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union.
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North Korea
North Korea (Chosŏn'gŭl:조선; Hanja:朝鮮; Chosŏn), officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (abbreviated as DPRK, PRK, DPR Korea, or Korea DPR), is a country in East Asia constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula.
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Novaya Zemlya
Novaya Zemlya (p, lit. the new land), also known as Nova Zembla (especially in Dutch), is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in northern Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe, the easternmost point of Europe lying at Cape Flissingsky on the Northern island.
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Nuclear Secrets
Nuclear Secrets, aka Spies, Lies and the Superbomb, is a 2007 BBC Television docudrama series which looks at the race for nuclear supremacy from the Manhattan Project through to Pakistan's nuclear weapons programme.
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Old Bolshevik
Old Bolshevik (ста́рый большеви́к, stary bolshevik), also Old Bolshevik Guard or Old Party Guard, became an unofficial designation for those who were members of the Bolshevik party before the Russian Revolution of 1917.
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Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa (German: Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the code name for the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, which started on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.
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Order of the Red Banner
The Order of the Red Banner (transl) was the first Soviet military decoration.
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Order of Victory
The Order of Victory (translit) was the highest military decoration awarded for World War II service in the Soviet Union, and one of the rarest orders in the world.
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Packard
Packard was an American luxury automobile marque built by the Packard Motor Car Company of Detroit, Michigan, United States.
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Pavel Batitsky
Pavel Fyodorovich Batitsky (27 June 1910 – 17 February 1984) was a Soviet military leader awarded the highest honorary title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1965 and promoted to Marshal of the Soviet Union in 1968.
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Pavel Sudoplatov
Lieutenant General Pavel Anatolyevich Sudoplatov (Пáвел Aнатóльевич Cудоплáтов; July 7, 1907 – September 26, 1996) was a member of the intelligence services of the Soviet Union who rose to the rank of lieutenant general.
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People's Liberation Army
The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the armed forces of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Communist Party of China (CPC).
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Petroleum industry
The petroleum industry, also known as the oil industry or the oil patch, includes the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transporting (often by oil tankers and pipelines), and marketing of petroleum products.
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Playhouse 90
Playhouse 90 is an American television anthology drama series that aired on CBS from 1956 to 1960 for a total of 133 episodes.
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Politburo
A politburo or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties.
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Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Politburo (p, full: Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, abbreviated Политбюро ЦК КПСС, Politbyuro TsK KPSS) was the highest policy-making government authority under the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
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Politician
A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking office in government.
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Population transfer in the Soviet Union
Population transfer in the Soviet Union refers to forced transfer of various groups from the 1930s up to the 1950s ordered by Joseph Stalin and may be classified into the following broad categories: deportations of "anti-Soviet" categories of population (often classified as "enemies of workers"), deportations of entire nationalities, labor force transfer, and organized migrations in opposite directions to fill the ethnically cleansed territories.
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Pravda
Pravda (a, "Truth") is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, formerly the official newspaper of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a circulation of 11 million.
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Premier of the Soviet Union
The Premier of the Soviet Union (Глава Правительства СССР) was the head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
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Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (Президиум Верховного Совета or Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta) was a Soviet governmental institution – a permanent body of the Supreme Soviets (parliaments).
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Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
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Prize of the Ecumenical Jury
The Prize of the Ecumenical Jury (Prix du Jury Œcuménique) is an independent film award for feature films at major international film festivals since 1973.
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Purge of the Red Army in 1941
Between October 1940 and February 1942, in spite of the ongoing German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941, the Red Army, in particular the Soviet Air Force, as well as Soviet military-related industries were subjected to purges by Stalin.
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Random House
Random House is an American book publisher and the largest general-interest paperback publisher in the world.
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Rape
Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without that person's consent.
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Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Рабоче-крестьянская Красная армия (РККА), Raboche-krest'yanskaya Krasnaya armiya (RKKA), frequently shortened in Russian to Красная aрмия (КА), Krasnaya armiya (KA), in English: Red Army, also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch – Red Horde, Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
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Red Army invasion of Georgia
The Red Army invasion of Georgia (15 February – 17 March 1921), also known as the Soviet–Georgian War or the Soviet invasion of Georgia,Debo, R. (1992).
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Red Monarch
Red Monarch is a 1983 British television film starring Colin Blakely as Joseph Stalin.
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Repentance (1987 film)
Repentance (Monanieba translit. Monanieba, Pokayaniye) is a Georgian film directed by Tengiz Abuladze.
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Richard Condon
Richard Thomas Condon (March 18, 1915 in New York City – April 9, 1996 in Dallas, Texas) was a prolific and popular American political novelist.
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Robert Harris (novelist)
Robert Dennis Harris (born 7 March 1957) is an English novelist.
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Rootless cosmopolitan
Rootless cosmopolitan (безродный космополит, bezrodnyi kosmopolit) was a Soviet pejorative euphemism widely used during Soviet anti-Semitic campaign of 1948–1953, which culminated in the "exposure" of the non-existent Doctors' plot.
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Roshan Seth
Roshan Seth is an Indian-born British actor, who appears mainly in British and American films.
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Rudolf Slánský
Rudolf Slánský (31 July 1901 – 3 December 1952) was a Czech Communist politician.
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Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War (Grazhdanskaya voyna v Rossiyi; November 1917 – October 1922) was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.
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Russian Empire
The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.
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Russian Far East
The Russian Far East (p) comprises the Russian part of the Far East - the extreme eastern territory of Russia, between Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia and the Pacific Ocean.
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Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Ru-Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика.ogg), also unofficially known as the Russian Federation, Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I or Russia (rɐˈsʲijə; from the Ρωσία Rōsía — Rus'), was an independent state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest, most populous, and most economically developed union republic of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1991 and then a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991.
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Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).
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Samson Mamulia
Samson Mamulia (Georgian:სამსონ მამულია), (Russian:Самсон Мамулия), (1892–1937) was the First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party from November 20, 1930 to October 13, 1931.
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Satellite state
The term satellite state designates a country that is formally independent in the world, but under heavy political, economic and military influence or control from another country.
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Secret police
The term secret police (or political police)Ilan Berman & J. Michael Waller, "Introduction: The Centrality of the Secret Police" in Dismantling Tyranny: Transitioning Beyond Totalitarian Regimes (Rowman & Littlefield, 2006), p. xv.
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Semipalatinsk Test Site
The Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS or Semipalatinsk-21), also known as "The Polygon", was the primary testing venue for the Soviet Union's nuclear weapons.
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Semyon Ignatyev
Semyon Denisovich Ignatiev, also spelled Ignatyev (Семён Денисович Игнатьев; 14 September 1904, Karlivka, Kherson Governorate – 27 November 1983, Moscow) was a Soviet politician.
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Sergei Kruglov (politician)
Sergei Nikiforovich Kruglov (October 2, 1907 – June 6, 1977) was the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union from December 1945 to March 1953 and again from June 1953 until January 1956.
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Sergey Kirov
Sergei Mironovich Kirov (born Kostrikov; – 1 December 1934) was a prominent early Bolshevik leader in the Soviet Union.
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Sergo Goglidze
Sergo Goglidze (1901 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet NKVD official of Georgian ethnicity.
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Sergo Ordzhonikidze
Grigory Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze (გრიგოლ კონსტანტინეს ძე ორჯონიკიძე Grigol Konstantines dze Orjonikidze; Григо́рий Константи́нович Орджоники́дзе Grigori Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze), generally known as Sergo Ordzhonikidze (სერგო ორჯონიკიძე; Серго́ Орджоники́дзе);, Kutais Governorate – 18 February 1937, Moscow) was a Georgian Bolshevik, later member of the CPSU Politburo and close associate of Joseph Stalin. Ordzhonikidze, Stalin and Anastas Mikoyan comprised what was jokingly referred to as the "Caucasian Clique.".
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Sharashka
The Experimental Design Bureau (Opytnoe konstruktorskoe bûro; ОКБ), commonly known as sharashka (шара́шка,; sometimes sharaga, sharazhka) was an informal name for secret research and development laboratories in the Soviet Gulag labor camp system.
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Simon Russell Beale
Simon Russell Beale, CBE (born 12 January 1961) is an English actor, author and music historian.
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Simon Sebag Montefiore
Simon Jonathan Sebag Montefiore (born 27 June 1965) is a British historian, television presenter and award-winning author of popular history books and novels.
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Slánský trial
The Slánský trial (officially Proces s protistátním spikleneckým centrem Rudolfa Slánského meaning "Trial of anti-state conspiracy centered around Rudolf Slánský") was a show trial against elements of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) who were thought to have adopted the line of the maverick Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito.
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SMERSH
SMERSH (СМЕРШ) was an umbrella organisation for three independent counter-intelligence agencies in the Red Army formed in late 1942 or even earlier, but officially announced only on 14 April 1943.
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Socialist Republic of Romania
The Socialist Republic of Romania (Republica Socialistă România, RSR) refers to Romania under Marxist-Leninist one-party Communist rule that existed officially from 1947 to 1989.
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Solitary confinement
Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which an inmate is isolated from any human contact, often with the exception of members of prison staff, for 22–24 hours a day, with a sentence ranging from days to decades.
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Solomon Mikhoels
Solomon (Shloyme) Mikhoels (שלמה מיכאעלס, Cоломон (Шлойме) Михоэлс, – 13 January 1948), PAU, was a Soviet Jewish actor and the artistic director of the Moscow State Jewish Theater.
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Soviet atomic bomb project
The Soviet atomic bomb project (Russian: Советский проект атомной бомбы, Sovetskiy proyekt atomnoy bomby) was the classified research and development program that was authorized by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union to develop nuclear weapons during World War II.
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Soviet Central Asia
Soviet Central Asia refers to the section of Central Asia formerly controlled by the Soviet Union, as well as the time period of Soviet administration (1918–1991).
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Soviet partisans
The Soviet partisans were members of resistance movements that fought a guerrilla war against the Axis forces in the Soviet Union, the previously Soviet-occupied territories of interwar Poland in 1941–45 and eastern Finland.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
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Special Tasks
Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness—A Soviet Spymaster is the autobiography of Pavel Sudoplatov, who was a member of the intelligence services of the Soviet Union who rose to the rank of lieutenant general.
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Stalin (1992 film)
Stalin is a 1992 television film, produced for HBO, starring Robert Duvall portraying Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.
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Stalinism
Stalinism is the means of governing and related policies implemented from the 1920s to 1953 by Joseph Stalin (1878–1953).
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State Defense Committee
The State Defense Committee (translit) was an extraordinary organ of state power in the USSR during the German-Soviet War (Great Patriotic War) which held complete state power in the country.
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State Political Directorate
The State Political Directorate (also translated as the State Political Administration) (GPU) was the intelligence service and secret police of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) from February 6, 1922 to December 29, 1922 and the Soviet Union from December 29, 1922 until November 15, 1923.
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Sukhum Okrug
The Sukhum Okrug (Сухумский округ) was an okrug (district) of the Kutais Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire.
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Sukhumi
Sokhumi or Sukhumi (Аҟәа, Aqwa; სოხუმი,; Сухум(и), Sukhum(i)) is a city on the Black Sea coast.
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Supreme Court of the Soviet Union
The Supreme Court of the Soviet Union (Верховный Суд СССР) was the highest court of the Soviet Union during its existence.
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Svetlana Alliluyeva
Svetlana Iosifovna Alliluyeva (Светла́на Ио́сифовна Аллилу́ева;;; 28 February 1926 – 22 November 2011), later known as Lana Peters, was the youngest child and only daughter of Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin and Nadezhda Alliluyeva, Stalin's second wife.
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Syphilis
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum.
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Tatiana Okunevskaya
Tatiana Kirillovna Okunevskaya (Татьяна Кирилловна Окуневская.; March 3, 1914 – May 15, 2002) was a Soviet and Russian actress.
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Tengiz Abuladze
Tengiz Abuladze (თენგიზ აბულაძე; January 31, 1924 in Kutaisi – March 6, 1994 in Tbilisi) was a Georgian film director, screenwriter, theatre teacher and People's Artist of the USSR.
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Terrorism
Terrorism is, in the broadest sense, the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as a means to create terror among masses of people; or fear to achieve a financial, political, religious or ideological aim.
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The Alteration
The Alteration is a 1976 alternative history novel by Kingsley Amis, set in a parallel universe in which the Reformation did not take place.
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The Death of Stalin
The Death of Stalin is a 2017 political satire comedy film written and directed by Armando Iannucci and co-written by David Schneider, Ian Martin and Peter Fellows.
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The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared
The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared (Hundraåringen som klev ut genom fönstret och försvann, also known as The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out of the Window and Disappeared (UK) and The 100-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared in the US) is a 2009 comic novel by the Swedish author Jonas Jonasson.
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The Inner Circle (1991 film)
The Inner Circle is a 1991 drama film by Russian director Andrei Konchalovsky, telling the story of Joseph Stalin's private projectionist and KGB officer Ivan Sanchin between 1939 and 1953, Stalin's year of death.
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The Manchurian Candidate
The Manchurian Candidate is a novel by Richard Condon, first published in 1959.
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Theodore Hall
Theodore Alvin Hall (October 20, 1925 – November 1, 1999) was an American physicist and an atomic spy for the Soviet Union, who, during his work on US efforts to develop the first and second atomic bombs during World War II (the Manhattan Project), gave a detailed description of the "Fat Man" plutonium bomb, and of several processes for purifying plutonium, to Soviet intelligence.
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Transcaucasia
Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
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Treason
In law, treason is the crime that covers some of the more extreme acts against one's nation or sovereign.
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Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Uprising of 1953 in East Germany
The Uprising of 1953 in East Germany started with a strike by East Berlin construction workers on 16 June 1953.
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Uranium
Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.
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Viktor Abakumov
Viktor Semyonovich Abakumov (Виктор Семёнович Абакумов; 24 April 1908 – 19 December 1954) was a high level Soviet security official from 1943 to 1946, the head of SMERSH in the USSR People's Commissariat of Defense, and from 1946 to 1951, Minister of State Security or MGB (ex-NKGB).
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Vladimir Dekanozov
Vladimir Georgievich Dekanozov (Dekanozishvili) (Влади́мир Гео́ргиевич Декано́зов (Деканозишви́ли)) (June 1898 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet senior state security operative and diplomat.
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Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by the alias Lenin (22 April 1870According to the new style calendar (modern Gregorian), Lenin was born on 22 April 1870. According to the old style (Old Julian) calendar used in the Russian Empire at the time, it was 10 April 1870. Russia converted from the old to the new style calendar in 1918, under Lenin's administration. – 21 January 1924), was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist.
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Volga Germans
The Volga Germans (Wolgadeutsche or Russlanddeutsche, Povolzhskiye nemtsy) are ethnic Germans who colonized and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and to the south.
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Vsevolod Merkulov
Vsevolod Nikolayevich (Boris) Merkulov (Всеволод Николаевич Меркулов in Russian) (– 23 December 1953) was the head of NKGB from February to July 1941, and again from April 1943 to March 1946.
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Vyacheslav Molotov
Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (né Skryabin; 9 March 1890 – 8 November 1986) was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik, and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West
World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West is a 2008 six-episode BBC/PBS documentary series on the role of Joseph Stalin and German-Soviet relations before, during, and after World War II, created by Laurence Rees and Andrew Williams.
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Worldwar series
The Worldwar series is the fan name given to a series of alternate history science fiction novels by Harry Turtledove.
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Yalta Conference
The Yalta Conference, also known as the Crimea Conference and code named the Argonaut Conference, held from 4 to 11 February 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Germany and Europe's postwar reorganization.
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Zakopane
Zakopane is a town in the extreme south of Poland.
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Zionism
Zionism (צִיּוֹנוּת Tsiyyonut after Zion) is the national movement of the Jewish people that supports the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel (roughly corresponding to Canaan, the Holy Land, or the region of Palestine).
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18th Politburo of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The 18th Politburo of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was elected by the 18th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 18th Congress.
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1987 Cannes Film Festival
The 40th Cannes Film Festival was held from 7 to 19 May 1987.
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19th Presidium of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The 19th Presidium of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 19th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 19th Congress.
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2nd Guards Motor Rifle Division
The 2nd Guards Motor Rifle "Tamanskaya" Division named after M.I. Kalinin (2-я гвардейская мотострелковая Таманская ордена Октябрьской Революции Краснознаменная ордена Суворова дивизия имени М. И. Калинина.), commonly known as the Taman Division, is an elite Guards armoured division of the Russian Ground Forces.
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4th Guards Tank Division
The 4th Guards “Kantemirovskaya” Tank Division (Cyrillic: 4-я гвардейская танковая Кантемировская дивизия, Gvardeiskaya Tankovaya Kantemirovskaya Divisiya), commonly known as the Kantemirovskaya Division or Kantemir Division, is an elite Guards armoured division of the Russian Ground Forces.
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Redirects here:
Beria, Berija, Berya, L. P. Beria, Laurence Beria, Laurenty Pavlovich Beria, Laventrii Beria, Lavernti Beria, Lavernty Beria, Lavrenti Beria, Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria, Lavrentii Beria, Lavrentii Pavlovich Beria, Lavrentiy Beriya, Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria, Lavrenty Beria, Lavrenty Beriya, Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria, Lawrentij Berija, Берия, ლავრენტი პავლეს ძე ბერია.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavrentiy_Beria
