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935 relations: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī, Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, Abdus Salam, Abolfadl Harawi, Abraham bar Hiyya, Abraham Zacuto, Abu al-Wafa' Buzjani, Abu Maʿshar, Abu Said Gorgani, Abu-Mahmud Khojandi, Adam Riess, Aden Meinel, Adolph Friedrich Lindemann, Adolphe Quetelet, Adriaan Blaauw, Adriaan van Maanen, Adrien Auzout, Agrippa (astronomer), Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Kathir al-Farghani, Ahmad Nahavandi, Akihiko Tago, Akimasa Nakamura, Al-Battani, Al-Biruni, Al-Fadl ibn Naubakht, Alain Maury, Alan Guth, Alan Hale (astronomer), Alastair G. W. Cameron, Albert Einstein, Albert Marth, Albert Whitford, Albertus Antonie Nijland, Albrecht Unsöld, Aleksander Wolszczan, Alex Filippenko, Alexander A. Gurshtein, Alexander Dalgarno, Alexander Dubyago, Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch, Alexander Vyssotsky, Alexandre Schaumasse, Alexandria, Alexis Bouvard, Alfred Bohrmann, Alfred Fowler, Alfred Harrison Joy, Alfred Wegener, Algeria, Ali Qushji, ..., Allan Sandage, Alphonse Borrelly, Alyssa A. 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Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī

, also known as Al-Zarkali or Ibn Zarqala (1029–1087), was an Arab Muslim instrument maker, astrologer, and one of the leading astronomers of his time.

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Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

'Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (عبدالرحمن صوفی (December 7, 903 in Rey, Iran – May 25, 986 in Shiraz, Iran) was a Persian astronomer also known as 'Abd ar-Rahman as-Sufi, 'Abd al-Rahman Abu al-Husayn, 'Abdul Rahman Sufi, or 'Abdurrahman Sufi and, historically, in the West as Azophi and Azophi Arabus. The lunar crater Azophi and the minor planet 12621 Alsufi are named after him. Al-Sufi published his famous Book of Fixed Stars in 964, describing much of his work, both in textual descriptions and pictures. Al-Biruni reports that his work on the ecliptic was carried out in Shiraz. He lived at the Buyid court in Isfahan.

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Abdus Salam

Mohammad Abdus Salam Salam adopted the forename "Mohammad" in 1974 in response to the anti-Ahmadiyya decrees in Pakistan, similarly he grew his beard.

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Abolfadl Harawi

Abolfadl Harawi was a 10th-century astronomer from Rey, Persia who, along with al-Khujandi, studied under the patronage of the Buyid dynasty.

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Abraham bar Hiyya

(1070 Barcelona, Catalonia – 1136 or 1145 Narbonne, France) was a Jewish mathematician, astronomer and philosopher, also known as Savasorda (from the Arabic صاحب الشرطة Ṣāḥib al-Shurṭa "Chief of the Police") or Abraham Judaeus.

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Abraham Zacuto

Abraham Zacuto (אברהם זכות, Abraão ben Samuel Zacuto, also Abraham ben Samuel Zacut and Abraham Zacut) (Salamanca, August 12, 1452 – Damascus, probably 1515) was a Portuguese astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, rabbi and historian who served as Royal Astronomer in the 15th century to King John II of Portugal.

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Abu al-Wafa' Buzjani

Abū al-Wafāʾ, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Ismāʿīl ibn al-ʿAbbās al-Būzjānī or Abū al-Wafā Būzhjānī (ابوالوفا بوزجانی or بوژگانی) (10 June 940 – 15 July 998) was a Persian mathematician and astronomer who worked in Baghdad.

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Abu Maʿshar

Abu Maʿshar, Latinized as Albumasar (also Albusar, Albuxar; full name Abū Maʿshar Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar al-Balkhī أبو معشر جعفر بن محمد بن عمر البلخي; –, AH 171–272), was an early Persian Muslim astrologer, thought to be the greatest astrologer of the Abbasid court in Baghdad.

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Abu Said Gorgani

Abu Sa'id al-Dharir al-Jurjani (ابو سعيد الضرير الجرجاني), also Gurgani, was a 9th-century Persian mathematician and astronomer from Gurgan (Jurjan), Iran.

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Abu-Mahmud Khojandi

Abu Mahmud Hamid ibn Khidr Khojandi (known as Abu Mahmood Khojandi, Alkhujandi or al-Khujandi, Persian: ابومحمود خجندی, c. 940 - 1000) was a Central Asian astronomer and mathematician who lived in the late 10th century and helped build an observatory, near the city of Ray (near today's Tehran), in Iran.

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Adam Riess

Adam Guy Riess (born December 16, 1969) is an American astrophysicist and Bloomberg Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University and the Space Telescope Science Institute and is known for his research in using supernovae as cosmological probes.

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Aden Meinel

Aden B. Meinel (November 25, 1922 – October 3, 2011) was an American astronomer.

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Adolph Friedrich Lindemann

Adolph Friedrich Lindemann (13 May 1846 – 25 August 1931) was a British engineer, businessman, and amateur astronomer of German origin.

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Adolphe Quetelet

Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet FRSFor FRSE (22 February 1796 – 17 February 1874) was a Belgian astronomer, mathematician, statistician and sociologist.

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Adriaan Blaauw

Adriaan Blaauw (12 April 1914 – 1 December 2010) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Adriaan van Maanen

Adriaan van Maanen (March 31, 1884, Sneek – January 26, 1946, Pasadena) was a Dutch–American astronomer.

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Adrien Auzout

Adrien Auzout (28 January 1622 – 23 May 1691) was a French astronomer.

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Agrippa (astronomer)

Agrippa (Ἀγρίππας) was a Greek astronomer.

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Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Kathir al-Farghani

. (800/805-870) also known as Alfraganus in the West, was a Persian astronomer in the Abbasid court in Baghdad, and one of the most famous astronomers in the 9th century.

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Ahmad Nahavandi

Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Nahawandi was a Persian astronomer of the 8th and 9th centuries.

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Akihiko Tago

is a Japanese amateur astronomer.

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Akimasa Nakamura

(born 1961) is a Japanese astronomer.

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Al-Battani

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Jābir ibn Sinān al-Raqqī al-Ḥarrānī aṣ-Ṣābiʾ al-Battānī (Arabic: محمد بن جابر بن سنان البتاني) (Latinized as Albategnius, Albategni or Albatenius) (c. 858 – 929) was an Arab astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician.

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Al-Biruni

Abū Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Al-Bīrūnī (Chorasmian/ابوریحان بیرونی Abū Rayḥān Bērōnī; New Persian: Abū Rayḥān Bīrūnī) (973–1050), known as Al-Biruni (البيروني) in English, was an IranianD.J. Boilot, "Al-Biruni (Beruni), Abu'l Rayhan Muhammad b. Ahmad", in Encyclopaedia of Islam (Leiden), New Ed., vol.1:1236–1238.

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Al-Fadl ibn Naubakht

Al-Fadl ibn Naubakht, (also written Nowbakht), was an 8th-century Persian scholar at the court of the Caliph Harun al-Rashid.

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Alain Maury

Alain J. Maury (born 1958) is a French astronomer.

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Alan Guth

Alan Harvey Guth (born February 27, 1947) is an American theoretical physicist and cosmologist.

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Alan Hale (astronomer)

Alan Hale (born March 7, 1958) is an American professional astronomer, best known for his co-discovery of Comet Hale–Bopp along with amateur astronomer Thomas Bopp.

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Alastair G. W. Cameron

Alastair G. W. (Graham Walter) Cameron (21 June 1925 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada – 3 October 2005 in Tucson, Arizona, USA) was a Canadian astrophysicist and space scientist who was an eminent staff member of the Astronomy department of Harvard University.

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Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).

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Albert Marth

Albert Marth (May 5, 1828 – August 6, 1897) was a German astronomer who worked in England and Ireland.

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Albert Whitford

Albert Edward Whitford (October 22, 1905 – March 28, 2002) was an American physicist and astronomer.

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Albertus Antonie Nijland

Albertus (Albert) Antonie Nijland (October 30, 1868 – August 18, 1936) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Albrecht Unsöld

Albrecht Otto Johannes Unsöld (20 April 1905 – 23 September 1995) was a German astrophysicist known for his contributions to spectroscopic analysis of stellar atmospheres.

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Aleksander Wolszczan

Aleksander Wolszczan (born 29 April 1946 in Szczecinek, Poland) is a Polish astronomer.

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Alex Filippenko

Alexei Vladimir "Alex" Filippenko (born July 25, 1958) is an American astrophysicist and professor of astronomy at the University of California, Berkeley.

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Alexander A. Gurshtein

Alexander A. Gurshtein (Александр А. Гурштейн, Aleksandr A. Gurshteĭn;.1937) is a Russian astronomer and historian of science.

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Alexander Dalgarno

Alexander Dalgarno FRS (5 January 1928 – 9 April 2015) was a British physicist who was a Phillips Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University.

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Alexander Dubyago

Alexander Dmitriyevich Dubyago (Александр Дмитриевич Дубяго in Russian) (December 5(18), 1903, Kazan - October 29, 1959, Kazan) was a Soviet astronomer and expert in theoretical astrophysics.

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Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch

Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch (Aleksandr Nikolaevič Dejč; Александр Николаевич Дейч; December 31, 1900 or January 1, 1901 – 22 November 1986) was a Soviet astronomer who worked at Pulkovo Observatory.

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Alexander Vyssotsky

Alexander Nikolayevich Vyssotsky (Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Высо́тский, 23 May 1888 – December 31, 1973) was a Russian-American astronomer.

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Alexandre Schaumasse

Alexandre Schaumasse (1882–1958) was a French astronomer and discoverer of comets and minor planets.

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Alexandria

Alexandria (or; Arabic: الإسكندرية; Egyptian Arabic: إسكندرية; Ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ; Ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ) is the second-largest city in Egypt and a major economic centre, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country.

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Alexis Bouvard

Alexis Bouvard (27 June 1767 – 7 June 1843) was a French astronomer.

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Alfred Bohrmann

Alfred Bohrmann (February 28, 1904 – January 4, 2000) was a German astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Alfred Fowler

Alfred Fowler, CBE FRS (22 March 1868, in Yorkshire – 24 June 1940) was an English astronomer.

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Alfred Harrison Joy

Alfred Harrison Joy (September 23, 1882, Greenville, Illinois – April 18, 1973, Pasadena, California) was an astronomer best known for his work on stellar distances, the radial motion of stars, and variable stars.

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Alfred Wegener

Alfred Lothar Wegener (–) was a German polar researcher, geophysicist and meteorologist.

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Algeria

Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.

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Ali Qushji

Ala al-Dīn Ali ibn Muhammed (1403 – 16 December 1474), known as Ali Qushji (Ottoman Turkish/Persian language: علی قوشچی, kuşçu – falconer in Turkish; Latin: Ali Kushgii) was an astronomer, mathematician and physicist originally from Samarkand, who settled in the Ottoman Empire some time before 1472.

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Allan Sandage

Allan Rex Sandage (June 18, 1926 – November 13, 2010) was an American astronomer.

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Alphonse Borrelly

Alphonse Louis Nicolas Borrelly (December 8, 1842 – February 28, 1926) was a French astronomer.

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Alyssa A. Goodman

Alyssa Ann Goodman (born July 1, 1962 in New York City) is the Robert Wheeler Willson Professor of Applied Astronomy at Harvard University, Research Associate of the Smithsonian Institution, and the founding director of the Harvard Initiative in Innovative Computing.

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Amy Mainzer

Amy Mainzer (born January 2, 1974) is an American astronomer, specializing in astrophysical instrumentation and infrared astronomy.

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Anders Celsius

Anders Celsius (27 November 170125 April 1744) was a Swedish astronomer, physicist and mathematician.

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Anders Jonas Ångström

Anders Jonas Ångström (13 August 181421 June 1874) was a Swedish physicist and one of the founders of the science of spectroscopy.

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André Patry

André Patry (22 November 1902 – 20 June 1960) was a French astronomer and discoverer of 9 minor planets in the late 1930s.

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André-Louis Danjon

André-Louis Danjon (6 April 1890 – 21 April 1967) was a French astronomer born in Caen to Louis Dominique Danjon and Marie Justine Binet.

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Andrea Di Paola

Andrea Di Paola (born 1970) is an Italian astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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Andrea M. Ghez

Andrea Mia Ghez (born June 16, 1965) is an American astronomer and professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at UCLA.

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Andreas Cellarius

Andreas Cellarius (c. 1596, Neuhausen, – 1665, Hoorn) was a Dutch-German cartographer, best known for his Harmonia Macrocosmica of 1660, a major star atlas, published by Johannes Janssonius in Amsterdam.

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Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos

Dr.

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Andrew Ainslie Common

Andrew Ainslie Common FRS (1841–1903) was an English amateur astronomer best known for his pioneering work in astrophotography.

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Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin

Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin (6 February 1865 – 20 September 1939) was an astronomer of French and Huguenot descent who was born in Cushendun, County Antrim, Ireland.

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Andrew E. Lange

Andrew E. Lange (July 23, 1957 – January 22, 2010)Janette Williams, Pasadena Star-News.

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Andrew Fraknoi

Andrew Fraknoi (born 1948) is a retired professor of astronomy recognized for his lifetime of work using everyday language to make astronomy more accessible and popular for both students and the general public.

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Andrew Graham (astronomer)

Andrew Graham (8 April 1815 – 5 November 1908), born in Irvinestown County Fermanagh, Ireland, was an Irish astronomer, orbit computer and discoverer of the asteroid 9 Metis.

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Andrew Lyne

Andrew Geoffrey Lyne FRS (born 13 July 1942) is a British physicist.

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Andrew Siemion

Andrew Patrick Vincent Siemion is an astrophysicist and director of the Berkeley SETI Research Center.

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Andronicus of Cyrrhus

Andronicus of Cyrrhus or Andronicus Cyrrhestes (Ἀνδρόνικος Κυρρήστου, Andrónikos Kyrrhēstou), son of Hermias, was a Macedonian astronomer who flourished about 100 BC.

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Angelo Secchi

Fr.

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Anne Sewell Young

Anne Sewell Young (January 2, 1871 – August 15, 1961) was an American astronomer.

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Anneila Sargent

Professor Anneila Isabel Sargent FRSE DSc (born Anneila Cassells, 1942, Kirkcaldy) is a Scottish–American astronomer, who specializes in star formation.

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Annibale de Gasparis

Annibale de Gasparis (November 9, 1819, Bugnara – March 21, 1892, Naples) was an Italian astronomer, born in Bugnara to parents originally from Tocco da Casauria.

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Annie Jump Cannon

Annie Jump Cannon (December 11, 1863 – April 13, 1941) was an American astronomer whose cataloging work was instrumental in the development of contemporary stellar classification.

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Anno Domini

The terms anno Domini (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used to label or number years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars.

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Ansel Adams

Ansel Easton Adams (February 20, 1902 – April 22, 1984) was an American photographer and environmentalist.

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Anthony Moffat

Anthony (Tony) Moffat is an emeritus professor of astronomy at the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

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Anton Staus

Anton Staus (September 5, 1872 – July 21, 1955) was a German astronomer.

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Antonín Bečvář

Antonín Bečvář (10 June 1901 – 10 January 1965) was a Czech astronomer who was active in Slovakia.

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Antonín Mrkos

Antonín Mrkos (27 January 1918 – 29 May 1996) was a Czech astronomer, born in Střemchoví, Czechoslovakia.

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Antonie Pannekoek

Antonie (Anton) Pannekoek (2 January 1873 – 28 April 1960) was a Dutch astronomer, Marxist theorist, and social revolutionary.

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Antonio Abetti

Antonio Abetti (June 19, 1846 – February 20, 1928) was an Italian astronomer.

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Antonio de Ulloa

Antonio de Ulloa y de la Torre-Giral (12 January 1716 – 3 July 1795) was a Spanish general of the navy, explorer, scientist, author, astronomer, colonial administrator and the first Spanish governor of Louisiana.

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Antony Hewish

Antony Hewish (born 11 May 1924) is a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer Martin Ryle) for his role in the discovery of pulsars.

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Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic (República Argentina), is a federal republic located mostly in the southern half of South America.

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Aristarchus of Samos

Aristarchus of Samos (Ἀρίσταρχος ὁ Σάμιος, Aristarkhos ho Samios; c. 310 – c. 230 BC) was an ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician who presented the first known model that placed the Sun at the center of the known universe with the Earth revolving around it (see Solar system).

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Arjen Roelofs

Arjen Roelofs (1 March 1754 – 11 May 1828) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Armenia

Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.

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Armin Otto Leuschner

Armin Otto Leuschner (January 16, 1868 – April 22, 1953) was an American astronomer and educator.

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Arno Allan Penzias

Arno Allan Penzias (born 26 April 1933) is an American physicist, radio astronomer and Nobel laureate in physics who is co-discoverer of the cosmic microwave background radiation along with Robert Woodrow Wilson, which helped establish the Big Bang theory of cosmology.

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Arno Arthur Wachmann

Arno Arthur Wachmann (March 8, 1902 – July 24, 1990) was a German astronomer and discoverer of comets and minor planets, who worked for many years at the Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg.

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Arthur Auwers

Georg Friedrich Julius Arthur von Auwers (September 12, 1838 – January 24, 1915) was a German astronomer.

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Arthur Covington

Arthur Edwin Covington (21 September 1913 – 17 March 2001) was a Canadian physicist who made the first radio astronomy measurements in Canada.

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Arthur Eddington

Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington (28 December 1882 – 22 November 1944) was an English astronomer, physicist, and mathematician of the early 20th century who did his greatest work in astrophysics.

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Aryabhata

Aryabhata (IAST) or Aryabhata I (476–550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy.

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Asada Goryu

was a Japanese astronomer who helped to introduce modern astronomical instruments and methods into Japan.

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Asaph Hall

Asaph Hall III (October 15, 1829 – November 22, 1907) was an American astronomer who is most famous for having discovered the moons of Mars, Deimos and Phobos, in 1877.

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Astronomer

An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.

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Astronomy

Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.

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Astrophysics

Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that employs the principles of physics and chemistry "to ascertain the nature of the astronomical objects, rather than their positions or motions in space".

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Atsuo Asami

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Atsushi Sugie

is a Japanese astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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Atsushi Takahashi

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Audrey C. Delsanti

Audrey Delsanti (born 27 August 1976) is a French astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets at ESO's La Silla Observatory in Chile.

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August Ferdinand Möbius

August Ferdinand Möbius (17 November 1790 – 26 September 1868) was a German mathematician and theoretical astronomer.

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August Kopff

August Kopff (February 5, 1882 – April 25, 1960) was a German astronomer and discoverer of several comets and asteroids.

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Auguste Charlois

Auguste Honoré Charlois (November 26, 1864 – March 26, 1910) was a French astronomer who discovered 99 asteroids while working at the Nice Observatory in southeastern France.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

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Avi Loeb

Abraham (Avi) Loeb is an Israeli American theoretical physicist who works on astrophysics and cosmology.

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Axel Firsoff

Valdemar Axel Firsoff FRAS was known principally as an amateur astronomer.

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Álvaro López-García

Álvaro López-García (born 1941) is a Spanish astronomer, professor of astronomy at University of Valencia and director of the Valencia University Observatory.

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Ángel López

Ángel Domingo López Ruano, known simply as Ángel (born 10 March 1981 in Las Palmas, Canary Islands), is a Spanish professional footballer.

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Édouard Stephan

Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan (31 August 1837 – 31 December 1923) was a French astronomer.

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İznik

İznik is a town and an administrative district in the Province of Bursa, Turkey.

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Ľubor Kresák

Ľubor Kresák (23 August 1927 in Topoľčany – 20 January 1994 in Bratislava) was a Slovak astronomer.

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Ľudmila Pajdušáková

Ľudmila Pajdušáková (29 June 1916 – 6 October 1979) was a Slovak astronomer.

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Babylon

Babylon (KA2.DIĜIR.RAKI Bābili(m); Aramaic: בבל, Babel; بَابِل, Bābil; בָּבֶל, Bavel; ܒܒܠ, Bāwēl) was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia from the 18th to 6th centuries BC.

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Babylonia

Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq).

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Banū Mūsā

The Banū Mūsā brothers ("Sons of Moses"), namely Abū Jaʿfar, Muḥammad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir (before 803 – February 873), Abū al‐Qāsim, Aḥmad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir (d. 9th century) and Al-Ḥasan ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir (d. 9th century), were three 9th-century scholars who lived and worked in Baghdad.

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Bangladesh

Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ, lit. "The country of Bengal"), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ), is a country in South Asia.

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Baptistin Baille

Baptistin Baille was born Jean-Baptiste Baille in France, in 1841 and he died in 1918.

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Bart Bok

Bartholomeus Jan "Bart" Bok (April 28, 1906 – August 5, 1983) was a Dutch-born American astronomer, teacher, and lecturer.

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Beatrice Tinsley

Beatrice Muriel Hill Tinsley (27 January 1941 – 23 March 1981) was a British-born New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist whose research made fundamental contributions to the astronomical understanding of how galaxies evolve, grow and die.

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Beatriz Barbuy

Beatriz Leonor Silveira Barbuy is a Brazilian astrophysicist.

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Ben Gascoigne

Sidney Charles Bartholemew "Ben" Gascoigne AO (11 November 191525 March 2010) was a New Zealand-born Australian optical astronomer and expert in photometry who played a leading role in the design and commissioning of Australia's largest optical telescope, the Anglo-Australian Telescope, which for a time was one of the world's most important astronomical facilities.

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Bengt Gustafsson (astronomer)

Bengt Gustafsson (born 1943) is a Swedish astronomer and emeritus professor in theoretical astrophysics at Uppsala University.

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Bengt Strömgren

Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren (21 January 1908 – 4 July 1987) was a Danish astronomer and astrophysicist.

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Bengt Westerlund

Bengt Westerlund (January 17, 1921 - June 4, 2008) was a Swedish astronomer who specialised in observational astronomy.

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Benjamin Apthorp Gould

Benjamin Apthorp Gould (September 27, 1824 – November 26, 1896) was a pioneering American astronomer.

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Benjamin Baillaud

Édouard Benjamin Baillaud (14 February 1848 – 8 July 1934) (aged 86) was a French astronomer.

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Benjamin Banneker

Benjamin Banneker (November 9, 1731October 9, 1806) was a free African American almanac author, surveyor, naturalist, and farmer.

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Benjamin Jekhowsky

Benjamin Jekhowsky (Вениамин Павлович Жеховский, born 1881 in Saint-Petersburg (Russia), died in 1975, Encausse-les-Thermes (France)) was a Russian–French astronomer, born in Saint-Petersburg in a noble family of a Russian railroad official.

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Benjamin Valz

Jean Elias Benjamin Valz (May 27, 1787 – April 22, 1867) was a French astronomer.

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Bernard Lovell

Sir Alfred Charles Bernard Lovell (31 August 19136 August 2012) was an English physicist and radio astronomer.

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Bernard Lyot

Bernard Ferdinand Lyot (27 February 1897, in Paris – 2 April 1952, in Cairo) was a French astronomer.

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Bernhard Dawson

Bernhard Hildebrandt Dawson (September 21, 1890 – June 18, 1960) was a U.S.-born Argentine astronomer.

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Bernhard Schmidt

Bernhard Woldemar Schmidt (– 1 December 1935) was a German optician.

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Bertil Lindblad

Bertil Lindblad (Örebro, 26 November 1895 – Saltsjöbaden, outside Stockholm, 25 June 1965) was a Swedish astronomer.

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Bhāskara I

Bhāskara (c. 600 – c. 680) (commonly called Bhaskara I to avoid confusion with the 12th century mathematician Bhāskara II) was a 7th-century mathematician, who was the first to write numbers in the Hindu decimal system with a circle for the zero, and who gave a unique and remarkable rational approximation of the sine function in his commentary on Aryabhata's work.

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Bhāskara II

Bhāskara (also known as Bhāskarāchārya ("Bhāskara, the teacher"), and as Bhaskara II to avoid confusion with Bhāskara I) (1114–1185), was an Indian mathematician and astronomer.

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Bimla Buti

Bimla Buti (born 1933) is an Indian physicist and specializes in the field of plasma physics.

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Bohdan Paczyński

Bohdan Paczyński or Bohdan Paczynski (8 February 1940 – 19 April 2007) was a Polish astronomer notable in the theory of the stellar evolution, accretion discs, and gamma ray bursts.

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Bonaventura Cavalieri

Bonaventura Francesco Cavalieri (Cavalerius; 1598 – 30 November 1647) was an Italian mathematician and a Jesuate.

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Brahmagupta

Brahmagupta (born, died) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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Brian A. Skiff

Brian A. Skiff is an American astronomer noted for discovering numerous asteroids and a number of comets including the periodic comets 114P/Wiseman–Skiff (with Jennifer Wiseman) and 140P/Bowell–Skiff (with Edward Bowell).

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Brian G. Marsden

Brian Geoffrey Marsden (5 August 1937 – 18 November 2010) was an English astronomer and the longtime director of the Minor Planet Center (MPC) at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (director emeritus from 2006 to 2010).

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Brian J. Boyle

Brian J. Boyle is a Scottish astrophysicist based in Australia since 1996.

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Brian May

Brian Harold May, (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, astrophysicist, and photographer.

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Brian Schmidt

Brian Paul Schmidt (born on 24 February 1967 in Missoula, Montana) is the Vice-Chancellor of the Australian National University (ANU).

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Bruce A. McIntosh

Bruce A. McIntosh (October 30, 1929 – February 15, 2015) was a Canadian astrophysicist who worked at the Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.

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Bruno Rossi

Bruno Benedetto Rossi (13 April 1905 – 21 November 1993) was an Italian experimental physicist.

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Bryan Gaensler

Bryan Malcolm Gaensler (born 4 July 1973) is an Australian astronomer and former Young Australian of the Year, currently based at the University of Toronto.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Camille Flammarion

Nicolas Camille Flammarion FRAS (26 February 1842 – 3 June 1925) was a French astronomer and author.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Carbon star

A carbon star is typically an asymptotic giant branch star, a luminous red giant, whose atmosphere contains more carbon than oxygen; the two elements combine in the upper layers of the star, forming carbon monoxide, which consumes all the oxygen in the atmosphere, leaving carbon atoms free to form other carbon compounds, giving the star a "sooty" atmosphere and a strikingly ruby red appearance.

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Carl A. Wirtanen

Carl Alvar Wirtanen (November 11, 1910, Kenosha, Wisconsin – March 7, 1990 Santa Cruz, California) was an American astronomer and discoverer of comets and minor planets who worked at Lick Observatory.

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Carl August von Steinheil

Carl August von Steinheil (12 October 1801 – 14 September 1870) was a German physicist, inventor, engineer and astronomer.

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Carl Charlier

Carl Vilhelm Ludwig Charlier (1 April 1862 – 4 November 1934) was a Swedish astronomer.

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Carl E. Heiles

Carl Eugene Heiles (born 1939) is an American astrophysicist noted for his contribution to the understanding of diffuse interstellar matter through observational radio astronomy.

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Carl Friedrich Gauss

Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (Gauß; Carolus Fridericus Gauss; 30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician and physicist who made significant contributions to many fields, including algebra, analysis, astronomy, differential geometry, electrostatics, geodesy, geophysics, magnetic fields, matrix theory, mechanics, number theory, optics and statistics.

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Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker

Carl Friedrich Freiherr von Weizsäcker (28 June 1912 – 28 April 2007) was a German physicist and philosopher.

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Carl Gustav Witt

Carl Gustav Witt (October 29, 1866 – January 3, 1946) was a German astronomer and discover of two asteroids who worked at the Berlin Urania Observatory, a popular observatory of the Urania astronomical association of Berlin.

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Carl Keenan Seyfert

Carl Keenan Seyfert (February 11, 1911 – June 13, 1960) was an American astronomer.

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Carl Sagan

Carl Edward Sagan (November 9, 1934 – December 20, 1996) was an American astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, science popularizer, and science communicator in astronomy and other natural sciences.

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Carl W. Hergenrother

Carl William Hergenrother (born 1973) is an American astronomer and discoverer of minor planets and comets.

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Caroline Herschel

Caroline Lucretia Herschel (16 March 1750 – 9 January 1848) was a German astronomer, whose most significant contributions to astronomy were the discoveries of several comets, including the periodic comet 35P/Herschel–Rigollet, which bears her name.

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Carolyn Porco

Carolyn C. Porco (born March 6, 1953) is an American planetary scientist known for her work in the exploration of the outer solar system, beginning with her imaging work on the Voyager missions to Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune in the 1980s.

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Carolyn S. Shoemaker

Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (born June 24, 1929) is an American astronomer and is a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9.

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Cartography

Cartography (from Greek χάρτης chartēs, "papyrus, sheet of paper, map"; and γράφειν graphein, "write") is the study and practice of making maps.

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César-François Cassini de Thury

César-François Cassini de Thury (17 June 1714 – 4 September 1784), also called Cassini III or Cassini de Thury, was a French astronomer and cartographer.

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Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin

Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin (May 10, 1900 – December 7, 1979) was a British–American astronomer and astrophysicist who, in 1925, proposed in her Ph.D. thesis an explanation for the composition of stars in terms of the relative abundances of hydrogen and helium.

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Chad Trujillo

Chadwick A. "Chad" Trujillo (born November 22, 1973) is an American astronomer, discoverer of minor planets and the co-discoverer of Eris, the most massive dwarf planet known in the Solar System.

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Chandra Wickramasinghe

Chandra Wickramasinghe (born 20 January 1939) is a Sri Lankan-born British mathematician, astronomer and astrobiologist of Sinhalese ethnicity.

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Charles Augustus Young

Charles Augustus Young (December 15, 1834 – January 4, 1908) one of the foremost solar spectroscopist astronomers in the United States, died of pneumonia after a brief illness, at his home in Hanover, New Hampshire, on 4 January 1908.

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Charles Bruce Stephenson

Charles Bruce Stephenson (February 9, 1929 – December 3, 2001) was an American astronomer.

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Charles Dillon Perrine

Charles Dillon Perrine (July 28, 1867 – June 21, 1951) was an American astronomer living in Argentina.

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Charles Fehrenbach (astronomer)

Charles Fehrenbach (born 29 April 1914 in Strasbourg; died 9 January 2008 in Nîmes) was a French astronomer and member of the French Academy of Sciences.

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Charles Greeley Abbot

Charles Greeley Abbot (May 31, 1872 – December 17, 1973) was an American astrophysicist and the fifth secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, serving from 1928 until 1944.

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Charles Green (astronomer)

Charles Green (baptised 26 December 1734 – 29 January 1771) was a British astronomer, noted for his assignment by the Royal Society in 1768 to the expedition sent to the Pacific Ocean in order to observe the transit of Venus aboard James Cook's Endeavour.

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Charles H. Townes

Charles Hard Townes (July 28, 1915 – January 27, 2015) was an American physicist and inventor of the maser and laser.

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Charles L. Bennett

Charles L. Bennett (born November 1956) is an American observational astrophysicist.

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Charles Mason

Charles Mason (April 1728. Retrieved 6 July 201525 October 1786) was an English astronomer who made significant contributions to 18th-century science and American history, particularly through his involvement with the survey of the Mason–Dixon line, which came to mark the border between Maryland and Pennsylvania (1764–1768).

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Charles Messier

Charles Messier (26 June 1730 – 12 April 1817) was a French astronomer most notable for publishing an astronomical catalogue consisting of nebulae and star clusters that came to be known as the 110 "Messier objects".

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Charles Pritchard

Reverend Charles Pritchard (29 February 1808 – 28 May 1893) was a British astronomer, clergyman, and educational reformer.

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Charles T. Kowal

Charles Thomas Kowal (November 8, 1940 – November 28, 2011) was an American astronomer known for his observations and discoveries in the Solar System.

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Charles-Eugène Delaunay

Charles-Eugène Delaunay (9 April 1816 – 5 August 1872) was a French astronomer and mathematician.

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Charlotte Moore Sitterly

Charlotte Emma Moore Sitterly (September 24, 1898 – March 3, 1990) was an American astronomer.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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Chris Impey

Christopher David Impey (born 25 January 1956) is a British astronomer, educator, and author.

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Chris Lintott

Christopher John Lintott (born 26 November 1980) is a Professor of Astrophysics in the Department of Physics at the University of Oxford.

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Christen Sørensen Longomontanus

Christen Sørensen Longomontanus (or Longberg) (4 October 1562 – 8 October 1647) was a Danish astronomer.

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Christiaan Huygens

Christiaan Huygens (Hugenius; 14 April 1629 – 8 July 1695) was a Dutch physicist, mathematician, astronomer and inventor, who is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time and a major figure in the scientific revolution.

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Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters

Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters (September 19, 1813 – July 18, 1890) was a German–American astronomer, and a pioneer in the study of asteroids.

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Christian Pollas

Christian Pollas (b. 1947) is a French astronomer an discoverer of minor planets and observer of Supernovae.

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Christoph Arnold

Christoph Arnold (December 17, 1650 – April 15, 1695) was a German amateur astronomer.

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Christopher Hansteen

Christopher Hansteen (26 September 1784 – 11 April 1873) was a Norwegian geophysicist, astronomer and physicist, best known for his mapping of Earth's magnetic field.

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Christopher McKee

Christopher Fulton McKee (born 1942) is an astrophysicist.

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Chushiro Hayashi

was a Japanese astrophysicist.

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Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist

Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist (born 1944) is a Swedish astronomer at the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory.

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Clyde Tombaugh

Clyde William Tombaugh (February 4, 1906January 17, 1997) was an American astronomer.

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Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America.

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Cornelis Johannes van Houten

Cornelis Johannes van Houten (February 18, 1920 – 24 August 2002) was a Dutch astronomer, sometimes referred to as Kees van Houten.

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Cornell Mayer

Cornell Henry Mayer (10 December 1921 – 19 November 2005) was a radio astronomer, who was the first to accurately measure the temperature of Venus by measuring the planet's thermal radiation.

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Croatia

Croatia (Hrvatska), officially the Republic of Croatia (Republika Hrvatska), is a country at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, on the Adriatic Sea.

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Cuno Hoffmeister

Cuno Hoffmeister (2 February 1892 – 2 January 1968) was a German astronomer, observer and discoverer of variable stars, comets and minor planets, and founder of Sonneberg Observatory.

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Cyprián Karásek Lvovický

Cyprián Karásek Lvovický (of Lvovice) (Czech: Cyprián Karásek Lvovický ze Lvovic, German: Cyprian von Leowitz, Latin: Cyprianus Leovitius) (July 8, 1514? in Hradec Králové – 1574 in Lauingen) was a Bohemian astronomer, mathematician and astrologer.

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Cyril Jackson (astronomer)

Cyril V. Jackson (5 December 1903 – February 1988) was a South African astronomer, born in Ossett, Yorkshire in England, but his father emigrated to South Africa in 1911.

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Czech Republic

The Czech Republic (Česká republika), also known by its short-form name Czechia (Česko), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.

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Dalmatia

Dalmatia (Dalmacija; see names in other languages) is one of the four historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia and Istria.

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Daniel Kirkwood

Daniel Kirkwood (September 27, 1814 – June 11, 1895) was an American astronomer.

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Dark matter

Dark matter is a theorized form of matter that is thought to account for approximately 80% of the matter in the universe, and about a quarter of its total energy density.

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David Axon

David John Axon (1951 – 5 April 2012) was a British astrophysicist specialising in observations of active galactic nuclei.

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David C. Jewitt

David C. Jewitt (born 1958) is an English astronomer and professor of astronomy at UCLA's Earth, Planetary, and Space Science Department in California.

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David Fabricius

David Fabricius (9 March 1564 – 7 May 1617) was a German pastor who made two major discoveries in the early days of telescopic astronomy, jointly with his eldest son, Johannes Fabricius (1587–1615).

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David Gill (astronomer)

Sir David Gill (12 June 1843 – 24 January 1914) was a Scottish astronomer who is known for measuring astronomical distances, for astrophotography, and for geodesy.

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David J. Eicher

David John Eicher (born August 7, 1961) is an American editor, writer, and popularizer of astronomy and space.

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David J. Lane (astronomer)

David J. Lane (born 1963) is a Canadian astronomer at Saint Mary's University, the past president of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, director of the Burke-Gaffney astronomical observatory, owner of the Abbey-Ridge Observatory, and creator of the planetarium software entitled the Earth Centered Universe.

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David J. Stevenson

David John Stevenson (born September 2, 1948) is a professor of planetary science at Caltech.

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David L. Rabinowitz

David Lincoln Rabinowitz (born 1960) is an American astronomer, discoverer of minor planets and researcher at Yale University.

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David Merritt

David Merritt is an American astrophysicist and professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York.

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David Naylor

Christopher David Naylor, (born October 26, 1954) is a Canadian physician, medical researcher and former president of the University of Toronto.

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David Rittenhouse

David Rittenhouse (April 8, 1732 – June 26, 1796) was an American astronomer, inventor, clockmaker, mathematician, surveyor, scientific instrument craftsman, and public official.

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Debra Fischer

Debra Ann Fischer is a professor of astronomy at Yale University researching detection and characterization of exoplanets.

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Denmark

Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.

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Dennis Walsh

Dennis Walsh (12 June 1933 – 1 June 2005) was an English astronomer.

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Dirk Brouwer

Dirk Brouwer (September 1, 1902, Rotterdam – January 31, 1966, New Haven) was a Dutch-American astronomer.

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Dirk Frimout

Dirk Dries David Damiaan, Viscount Frimout (born 21 March 1941 in Poperinge, Belgium) is an astrophysicist for the European Space Agency.

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Dmitry Dubyago

Dmitry Ivanovich Dubyago (Дмитрий Иванович Дубяго in Russian) (September 21 (N.S. October 3), 1849 – October 22, 1918) was a Russian astronomer and expert in theoretical astrophysics, astrometry, and gravimetry.

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Dominique, comte de Cassini

Jean-Dominique, comte de Cassini (30 June 174818 October 1845) was a French astronomer, son of César-François Cassini de Thury.

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Donald Edward Osterbrock

Donald Edward Osterbrock (July 13, 1924 – January 11, 2007) was an American astronomer, best known for his work on star formation and on the history of astronomy.

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Donald Kurtz

Donald Wayne Kurtz (1948 –) is an astronomer known for his research into asteroseismology.

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Donald Lynden-Bell

Donald Lynden-Bell CBE FRS (5 April 1935 – 6 February 2018) was a British theoretical astrophysicist.

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Dorrit Hoffleit

Ellen Dorrit Hoffleit (March 12, 1907 – April 9, 2007) was an American senior research astronomer at Yale University.

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Duchy of Prussia

The Duchy of Prussia (Herzogtum Preußen, Księstwo Pruskie) or Ducal Prussia (Herzogliches Preußen, Prusy Książęce) was a duchy in the region of Prussia established as a result of secularization of the State of the Teutonic Order during the Protestant Reformation in 1525.

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Dutch East Indies

The Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East-Indies; Nederlands(ch)-Indië; Hindia Belanda) was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia.

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Dwarf spheroidal galaxy

A dwarf spheroidal galaxy (dSph) is a term in astronomy applied to small, low-luminosity galaxies with very little dust and an older stellar population.

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E. M. Antoniadi

Eugène Michel Antoniadi (1 March 1870 – 10 February 1944) was a Greek astronomer.

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Ed Krupp

Edwin Charles Krupp (born November 18, 1944) is an American astronomer, researcher, author, and popularizer of science.

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Edmond Halley

Edmond (or Edmund) Halley, FRS (–) was an English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist.

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Edmund Weaver (astronomer)

Edmund Weaver (c. 1683 – 27 December 1748) was an English astronomer, land surveyor, and friend to William Stukeley.

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Edward Arthur Milne

Edward Arthur Milne FRS (14 February 1896 – 21 September 1950) was a British astrophysicist and mathematician.

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Edward Charles Pickering

Prof Edward Charles Pickering FRS(For) HFRSE (July 19, 1846 – February 3, 1919) was an American astronomer and physicist and the older brother to William Henry Pickering.

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Edward Emerson Barnard

Edward Emerson Barnard (December 16, 1857 – February 6, 1923) was an American astronomer.

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Edward Israel

Edward Israel (July 1, 1859 – May 27, 1884) was an astronomer and Polar explorer.

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Edward James Stone

Edward James Stone (28 February 1831 – 6 May 1897) was an English astronomer.

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Edward L. G. Bowell

Edward L. G. "Ted" Bowell (born 1943 in London), is an American astronomer.

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Edward M. Sion

Edward M Sion (born January 18, 1946) is an American astrophysicist who is Professor in the Department of Astrophysics and Planetary Science at Villanova University.

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Edward Robert Harrison

Edward R. "Ted" Harrison (8 January 1919 – 29 January 2007) was a British astronomer and cosmologist, noted for his work about the increase of fluctuations in the expanding universe, for his explanation of Olbers' Paradox, and for his books on cosmology for lay readers.

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Edward Sabine

General Sir Edward Sabine (14 October 1788 – 26 June 1883) was an Irish astronomer, geophysicist, ornithologist, explorer, soldier and the 30th President of the Royal Society.

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Edward Walter Maunder

(Edward) Walter Maunder (12 April 1851 – 21 March 1928) was a British astronomer best remembered for his study of sunspots and the solar magnetic cycle that led to his identification of the period from 1645 to 1715 that is now known as the Maunder Minimum.

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Edwin Brant Frost

Edwin Brant Frost II (July 14, 1866 – May 14, 1935) was an American astronomer.

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Edwin Ernest Salpeter

Edwin Ernest Salpeter (3 December 1924 – 26 November 2008) was an Austrian–Australian–American astrophysicist.

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Edwin Foster Coddington

Edwin Foster Coddington (June 24, 1870 – December 21, 1950) was an American astronomer and discoverer of astronomical objects.

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Edwin Francis Carpenter

Edwin Francis Carpenter (November 1, 1898 – February 11, 1963) was an American astronomer.

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Edwin Hubble

Edwin Powell Hubble (November 20, 1889 – September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer.

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Egypt (Roman province)

The Roman province of Egypt (Aigyptos) was established in 30 BC after Octavian (the future emperor Augustus) defeated his rival Mark Antony, deposed Queen Cleopatra VII, and annexed the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt to the Roman Empire.

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Eise Eisinga

Eise Jeltes Eisinga (21 February 1744 – 27 August 1828) was a Frisian amateur astronomer who built the Eise Eisinga Planetarium in his house in Franeker, Frisia Province, in the Netherlands.

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Ejnar Hertzsprung

Ejnar Hertzsprung (8 October 1873 – 21 October 1967) was a Danish chemist and astronomer born in Copenhagen.

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Eleanor F. Helin

Eleanor Francis "Glo" Helin (née Francis, 19 November 1932 – 25 January 2009) was an American astronomer.

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Elia Millosevich

Elia Filippo Francesco Giuseppe Maria Millosevich (September 5, 1848 in Venice – December 5, 1919 in Rome), was an Italian astronomer.

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Elizabeth Lada

Elizabeth Lada is an American astronomer whose self-described research interests include "understanding the origin, properties, evolution and fate of young embedded clusters within molecular clouds".

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Elizabeth Roemer

Elizabeth Roemer (1929–April 8, 2016) was an American astronomer whose research interests centered on comets and asteroids.

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Emil Ernst

Emil Ernst (6 June 1889– 26 June 1942) was a German astronomer and discoverer of a minor planet.

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Emma Vyssotsky

Emma Vyssotsky (October 23, 1894 – May 12, 1975), born Emma T. R. Williams in Media, Pennsylvania was an American astronomer.

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England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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Erasmus Reinhold

Erasmus Reinhold (October 22, 1511 – February 19, 1553) was a German astronomer and mathematician, considered to be the most influential astronomical pedagogue of his generation.

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Eratosthenes

Eratosthenes of Cyrene (Ἐρατοσθένης ὁ Κυρηναῖος,; –) was a Greek mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist.

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Eric Walter Elst

Eric Walter Elst (born 1936) is a Belgian astronomer at the Observatory at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle and a prolific discoverer of asteroids.

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Ernest Esclangon

Ernest Benjamin Esclangon (17 March 1876 – 28 January 1954) was a French astronomer and mathematician.

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Ernest Mouchez

Ernest Amédée Barthélemy Mouchez (24 August 1821 – 29 June 1892) was a French naval officer who became director of the Paris Observatory and launched the ill-fated Carte du Ciel project in 1887.

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Ernest William Brown

Ernest William Brown FRS (29 November 1866 – 22 July 1938) was an English mathematician and astronomer, who spent the majority of his career working in the United States and became a naturalised American citizen in 1923.

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Ernst Öpik

Ernst Julius Öpik (– 10 September 1985) was an Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist who spent the second half of his career (1948–1981) at the Armagh Observatory in Northern Ireland.

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Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues

Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues (29 March 1827 in Hofgeismar – 28 January 1884 in Göttingen) was a German astronomer.

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Erwin Finlay-Freundlich

Erwin Finlay-Freundlich FRSE FRAS (29 May 1885 – 24 July 1964) was a German astronomer, a pupil of Felix Klein.

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Estonia

Estonia (Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik), is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.

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Eudoxus of Cnidus

Eudoxus of Cnidus (Εὔδοξος ὁ Κνίδιος, Eúdoxos ho Knídios) was an ancient Greek astronomer, mathematician, scholar, and student of Archytas and Plato.

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Eugène Joseph Delporte

Eugène Joseph Delporte (10 January 1882 – 19 October 1955) was a Belgian astronomer born in Genappe.

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Eugene Merle Shoemaker

Eugene Merle Shoemaker (April 28, 1928 – July 18, 1997), also known as Gene Shoemaker, was an American geologist and one of the founders of the field of planetary science.

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Eugene Parker

Eugene N. Parker (born June 10, 1927) is an American solar astrophysicist who—in the mid-1950s—developed the theory of the supersonic solar wind and predicted the Parker spiral shape of the solar magnetic field in the outer solar system.

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Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs

Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs (11 August 1912 – 9 March 1954) was a German astronomer.

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Ewine van Dishoeck

Ewine Fleur van Dishoeck (born 13 June 1955 in Leiden) is a Dutch astronomer and chemist.

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F. J. M. Stratton

Lieutenant-Colonel Frederick John Marrian Stratton DSO OBE TD DL FRS PRAS (16 October 1881 – 2 September 1960) was a British astrophysicist, Professor of Astrophysics at the University of Cambridge from 1928 to 1947 and a decorated British Army officer.

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Félix Tisserand

François Félix Tisserand (13 January 1845 – 20 October 1896) was a French astronomer.

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Fearon Fallows

Fearon Fallows (4 July 1788 – 25 July 1831) was an English astronomer.

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Felix Ziegel

Felix Yurievich Ziegel (Феликс Юрьевич Зигель, March 20, 1920 - November 20, 1988) was a Soviet researcher, Doctor of Science and docent of Cosmology at the Moscow Aviation Institute, author of more than forty popular books on astronomy and space exploration, generally regarded as a founder of Russian ufology.

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Fernand Rigaux

Fernand Rigaux (1905 — 21 December 1962) was a Belgian astronomer and observer of variable stars, minor planets and comets at the Royal Observatory at Uccle, Belgium.

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Finland

Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.

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François Arago

Dominique François Jean Arago (Domènec Francesc Joan Aragó), known simply as François Arago (Catalan: Francesc Aragó) (26 February 17862 October 1853), was a French mathematician, physicist, astronomer, freemason, supporter of the carbonari and politician.

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François Gonnessiat

François Gonnessiat (May 22, 1856 (Nurieux-Volognat)–October 18, 1934) was a French astronomer, observer of comets and discoverer of two minor planets.

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Francis Baily

Francis Baily (28 April 177430 August 1844) was an English astronomer.

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Frank Drake

Frank Donald Drake (born May 28, 1930) is an American astronomer and astrophysicist.

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Frank K. Edmondson

Frank Kelley Edmondson (August 1, 1912 – December 8, 2008) was an American astronomer.

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Frank Schlesinger

Frank Schlesinger (May 11, 1871 New York City – July 10, 1943 Old Lyme, Connecticut) was an American astronomer.

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Frank Washington Very

Frank Washington Very (1852 – November 23, 1927) was a U.S. astronomer.

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Frank Watson Dyson

Sir Frank Watson Dyson, KBE, FRS, FRSE (8 January 1868 – 25 May 1939) was an English astronomer and Astronomer Royal who is remembered today largely for introducing time signals ("pips") from Greenwich, England, and for the role he played in proving Einstein's theory of general relativity.

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Franz Kaiser

Franz Heinrich Kaiser (25 April 1891 – 13 March 1962) was a German astronomer.

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Franz Xaver von Zach

Baron Franz Xaver von Zach (Franz Xaver Freiherr von Zach) (4 June 1754 – 2 September 1832) was a Hungarian astronomer born at Pest, Hungary (now Budapest in Hungary).

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Frédéric Sy

Frédéric Sy was a French astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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Fred Espenak

Fred Espenak (born 1953) is a retired emeritus American astrophysicist.

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Fred Hoyle

Sir Fred Hoyle FRS (24 June 1915 – 20 August 2001) was a British astronomer who formulated the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis.

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Fred Lawrence Whipple

Fred Lawrence Whipple (November 5, 1906 – August 30, 2004) was an American astronomer, who worked at the Harvard College Observatory for over 70 years.

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Frederick C. Leonard

Frederick Charles Leonard (March 12, 1896 – June 23, 1960) was an American astronomer.

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Frederick Hanley Seares

Frederick Hanley Seares (May 17, 1873 – July 20, 1964) was an American astronomer.

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Freeman Dyson

Freeman John Dyson (born 15 December 1923) is an English-born American theoretical physicist and mathematician.

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Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke

Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke (February 5, 1835 in Groß-Heere, near Hannover – December 3, 1897 in Bonn) was a German astronomer.

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Friedrich Bessel

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (22 July 1784 – 17 March 1846) was a German astronomer, mathematician, physicist and geodesist.

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Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve

Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (Василий Яковлевич Струве, trans. Vasily Yakovlevich Struve; 15 April 1793 –) was a German-Russian astronomer and geodesist from the famous Struve family.

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Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann

Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann (March 25, 1870 – January 19, 1964) was a German astronomer and a discoverer of 22 minor planets and 4 comets, who worked at AOP in Potsdam and at Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg.

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Friedrich Tietjen

Friedrich Tietjen (1832, Westerstede, Oldenburg – 1895 Berlin) was a German astronomer.

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Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander

Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander (22 March 1799 – 17 February 1875) was a German astronomer.

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Fritz Zwicky

Fritz Zwicky (February 14, 1898 – February 8, 1974) was a Swiss astronomer.

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Fulvio Melia

Fulvio Melia (born 2 August 1956) is an Italian-American astrophysicist, cosmologist and author.

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Fumiaki Uto

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion

Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion (31 May 1877 – 28 October 1962) was a French astronomer.

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Galileo Galilei

Galileo Galilei (15 February 1564Drake (1978, p. 1). The date of Galileo's birth is given according to the Julian calendar, which was then in force throughout Christendom. In 1582 it was replaced in Italy and several other Catholic countries with the Gregorian calendar. Unless otherwise indicated, dates in this article are given according to the Gregorian calendar. – 8 January 1642) was an Italian polymath.

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Gan De

Gan De (fl. 4th century BC) was a Chinese astronomer/astrologer born in the State of Qi also known as the Lord Gan (Gan Gong).

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Gart Westerhout

Gart Westerhout (15 June 1927 – 14 October 2012) was a Dutch-American astronomer.

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Gary A. Wegner

Gary Alan Wegner (born Seattle, Washington on December 26, 1944) is an American astronomer, the endowed Leede '49 Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Dartmouth College, and recipient of the Alexander Von Humboldt Prize.

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Gautama Siddha

Gautama Siddha, (fl. 8th century) astronomer, astrologer and compiler of Indian descent, known for leading the compilation of the Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era during the Tang Dynasty.

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Gérard de Vaucouleurs

Gérard Henri de Vaucouleurs (25 April 1918 – 7 October 1995) was a French astronomer.

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Geminiano Montanari

Geminiano Montanari. Geminiano Montanari (June 1, 1633 – October 13, 1687) was an Italian astronomer, lens-maker, and proponent of the experimental approach to science.

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Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan is an astrophysicist.

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Geoffrey Marcy

Geoffrey William Marcy (born September 29, 1954) is an American astronomer.

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Georg von Peuerbach

Georg von Peuerbach (also Purbach, Peurbach, Purbachius; born May 30, 1423 – April 8, 1461) was an Austrian astronomer, mathematician and instrument maker, best known for his streamlined presentation of Ptolemaic astronomy in the Theoricae Novae Planetarum.

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George Alcock

George Eric Deacon Alcock, MBE (28 August 1912 Peterborough, Northamptonshire– 15 December 2000) was an English astronomer.

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George Biddell Airy

Sir George Biddell Airy (27 July 18012 January 1892) was an English mathematician and astronomer, Astronomer Royal from 1835 to 1881.

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George Darwin

Sir George Howard Darwin, KCB, FRS, FRSE (9 July 1845 – 7 December 1912) was an English barrister and astronomer.

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George Ellery Hale

George Ellery Hale (June 29, 1868 – February 21, 1938) was an American solar astronomer, best known for his discovery of magnetic fields in sunspots, and as the leader or key figure in the planning or construction of several world-leading telescopes; namely, the 40-inch refracting telescope at Yerkes Observatory, 60-inch Hale reflecting telescope at Mount Wilson Observatory, 100-inch Hooker reflecting telescope at Mount Wilson, and the 200-inch Hale reflecting telescope at Palomar Observatory.

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George Gamow

George Gamow (March 4, 1904- August 19, 1968), born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov, was a Russian-American theoretical physicist and cosmologist.

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George Henry Peters

George Henry Peters (1863–October 18, 1947) was a US astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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George Herbig

George Howard Herbig (January 2, 1920 – October 12, 2013) was an American astronomer at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy.

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George Mary Searle

George Mary Searle (June 27, 1839 – July 7, 1918) was an American astronomer and Catholic priest.

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George O. Abell

George Ogden Abell (March 1, 1927 – October 7, 1983) taught at UCLA.

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George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield

George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, PRS (c. 1695 or 1697 – 17 March 1764) was an English peer and astronomer.

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George Smoot

George Fitzgerald Smoot III (born February 20, 1945) is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist, Nobel laureate, and one of two contestants to win the 1 million prize on Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?.

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George Van Biesbroeck

George A. Van Biesbroeck (or Georges-Achille Van Biesbroeck, January 21, 1880 – February 23, 1974) was a Belgian–American astronomer.

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George Wallerstein

George Wallerstein is a United States astronomer who researches the chemical composition of stellar atmospheres.

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George Wetherill

George Wetherill (August 12, 1925 Philadelphia, PA – July 19, 2006 Washington, DC) was the Director Emeritus, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, DC, USA.

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George William Hill

George William Hill (March 3, 1838 – April 16, 1914), was an American astronomer and mathematician.

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George Willis Ritchey

George Willis Ritchey (December 31, 1864 – November 4, 1945) was an American optician and telescope maker and astronomer born at Tuppers Plains, Ohio.

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Georges Lemaître

Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître, RAS Associate (17 July 1894 – 20 June 1966) was a Belgian Catholic Priest, astronomer and professor of physics at the Catholic University of Leuven.

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Geraint F. Lewis

Geraint F. Lewis (born 14 March 1969) is a Welsh astrophysicist, who is best known for his work on dark energy, gravitational lensing and galactic cannibalism.

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Gerard K. O'Neill

Gerard Kitchen O'Neill (February 6, 1927 – April 27, 1992) was an American physicist and space activist.

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Gerard Kuiper

Gerard Peter Kuiper (born Gerrit Pieter Kuiper; December 7, 1905 – December 23, 1973) was a Dutch–American astronomer, planetary scientist, selenographer, author and professor.

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Giorgio Abetti

Giorgio Abetti (5 October 1882 – 24 August 1982) was an Italian solar astronomer.

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Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana

Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana (6 November 1781 – 20 January 1864) was an Italian astronomer and mathematician.

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Giovanni Battista Donati

Giovanni Battista Donati Associate RAS (16 December 1826, Pisa, Italy20 September 1873, Florence, Italy) was an Italian astronomer.

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Giovanni Battista Riccioli

Giovanni Battista Riccioli (17 April 1598 – 25 June 1671) was an Italian astronomer and a Catholic priest in the Jesuit order.

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Giovanni Domenico Cassini

Giovanni Domenico Cassini (8 June 1625 – 14 September 1712) was an Italian (naturalised French) mathematician, astronomer and engineer.

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Giovanni Schiaparelli

Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli FRS(For) HFRSE (14 March 1835 Savigliano – 4 July 1910 Milan) was an Italian astronomer and science historian.

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Giuseppe Asclepi

Giuseppe Maria Asclepi (1706–1776) was an Italian astronomer and physician.

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Giuseppe Piazzi

Giuseppe Piazzi (16 July 1746 – 22 July 1826) was an Italian Catholic priest of the Theatine order, mathematician, and astronomer.

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Godefroy Wendelin

Govaert Wendelen, Latinized Godefridus Wendelinus, or sometimes Vendelinus (6 June 1580 – 24 October 1667) was a Flemish astronomer.

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Gordon J. Garradd

Gordon John Garradd (born 1959) is an Australian amateur astronomer and photographer from Loomberah, New South Wales.

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Greece

No description.

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Grigory Neujmin

Grigory Nikolayevich Neujmin (Григорий Николаевич Неуймин; –December 17, 1946) was a Georgian–Russian astronomer, native of Tbilisi in Georgia, and a discoverer of minor planets and comets at the Pulkovo and Simeiz Observatories during the first half of the 20th century.

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Grigory Shajn

Grigory Abramovich Shajn (Григорий Абрамович Шайн) (April 19, 1892 – August 4, 1956) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer.

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Grote Reber

Grote Reber (December 22, 1911 – December 20, 2002) was a pioneer of radio astronomy, which combined his interests in amateur radio and amateur astronomy.

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Guillaume Bigourdan

Camille Guillaume Bigourdan (6 April 1851 – 28 February 1932) was a French astronomer.

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Guillaume Le Gentil

Guillaume Joseph Hyacinthe Jean-Baptiste Le Gentil de la Galaisière (Coutances, 12 September 1725 – Paris, 22 October 1792) was a French astronomer.

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Guillermo Haro

Guillermo Haro Barraza (21 March 1913 – 26 April 1988) was a Mexican astronomer.

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Guo Shoujing

Guo Shoujing (1231–1316), courtesy name Ruosi (若思), was a Chinese astronomer, engineer, and mathematician born in Xingtai, Hebei who lived during the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368).

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Gustav Spörer

Friederich Wilhelm Gustav Spörer (23 October 1822 – 7 July 1895) was a German astronomer.

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Gustave-Adolphe Hirn

Gustave-Adolphe Hirn (August 21, 1815 – January 14, 1890) was a French physicist, astronomer.

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Guy Consolmagno

Brother Guy J. Consolmagno, SJ (born September 19, 1952), is an American research astronomer, Jesuit religious brother, and Director of the Vatican Observatory.

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György Kulin

György Kulin (Nagyszalonta 28 January 1905 – 22 April 1989 Budapest) was a Hungarian astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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H. G. van de Sande Bakhuyzen

Hendricus Gerardus van de Sande Bakhuyzen (April 2, 1838, The Hague – January 8, 1923, Leiden) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Halton Arp

Halton Christian "Chip" Arp (March 21, 1927 – December 28, 2013) was an American astronomer.

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Hannes Alfvén

Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén (30 May 1908 – 2 April 1995) was a Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD).

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Hans Bethe

Hans Albrecht Bethe (July 2, 1906 – March 6, 2005) was a German-American nuclear physicist who made important contributions to astrophysics, quantum electrodynamics and solid-state physics, and won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis.

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Hans-Emil Schuster

Hans-Emil Schuster (born September 19, 1934 in Hamburg) is a German astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets, who retired in October 1991.

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Hans-Walter Rix

Hans-Walter Rix is a German astronomer and director of the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg.

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Harlow Shapley

Harlow Shapley (November 2, 1885 – October 20, 1972) was a 20th-century American scientist, head of the Harvard College Observatory (1921–1952), and political activist during the latter New Deal and Fair Deal.

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Harold Alden

Harold Lee Alden (January 10, 1890 – February 3, 1964) was an American astronomer.

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Harold D. Babcock

Harold Delos Babcock (January 24, 1882 – April 8, 1968) was an American astronomer, and the father of Horace W. Babcock.

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Harold Spencer Jones

Sir Harold Spencer Jones KBE FRS FRSE PRAS (29 March 1890 Kensington, London – 3 November 1960) was an English astronomer.

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Harutaro Murakami

(1872–1947) was a Japanese physicist and astronomer.

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Hōei Nojiri

was a Japanese essayist and astronomer.

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Heather Couper

Prof Heather Anita Couper, CBE, BSc, DSc (Hon), DLitt (Hon), FInstP, CPhys, FRAS (born 2 June 1949), is a British astronomer and science populariser, and was president of the British Astronomical Association from 1984 to 1986.

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Heber Doust Curtis

Heber Doust Curtis (June 27, 1872 – January 9, 1942) was an American astronomer.

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Heidi Hammel

Heidi B. Hammel (born March 14, 1960) is a planetary astronomer who has extensively studied Neptune and Uranus.

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Heinrich Christian Schumacher

Prof Heinrich Christian Schumacher FRS(For) FRSE (September 3, 1780 – December 28, 1850) was a German-Danish astronomer and mathematician.

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Heinrich Kreutz

Heinrich Carl Friedrich Kreutz (September 8, 1854 – July 13, 1907) was a German astronomer, most notable for his studies of the orbits of several sungrazing comets, which revealed that they were all related objects, produced when a very large sun-grazing comet fragmented several hundred years previously.

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Heinrich Louis d'Arrest

Heinrich Louis d'Arrest (13 August 1822 – 14 June 1875) was a German astronomer, born in Berlin.

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Heinrich Schwabe

Samuel Heinrich Schwabe (25 October 1789 – 11 April 1875) a German astronomer remembered for his work on sunspots.

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Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers

Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers (October 11, 1758 – March 2, 1840) was a German physician and astronomer.

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Helen Sawyer Hogg

Helen Battles Sawyer Hogg, CC (1 August 1905 – 28 January 1993) was an astronomer noted for pioneering research into globular clusters and variable stars.

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Hendrik C. van de Hulst

Hendrik Christoffel "Henk" van de Hulst (19 November 1918 – 31 July 2000) was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician.

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Hendrik van Gent

Hendrik van Gent (14 September 1899, Pernis – March 29, 1947, Amsterdam) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Henri Debehogne

Henri Debehogne (30 December 1928 – 9 December 2007) was a Belgian astronomer and a prolific discoverer of minor planets.

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Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin

Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin (December 19, 1845 – February 29, 1904) was a French astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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Henri-Alexandre Deslandres

Henri Alexandre Deslandres (24 July 1853 – 15 January 1948) was a French astronomer, director of the Meudon and Paris Observatories, who carried out intensive studies on the behaviour of the atmosphere of the Sun.

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Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Henrietta Swan Leavitt (July 4, 1868 – December 12, 1921) was an American astronomer who discovered the relation between the luminosity and the period of Cepheid variable stars.

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Henry Chamberlain Russell

Henry Chamberlain Russell, CMG, FRS, (17 March 1836 – 22 February 1907) was an Australian astronomer and meteorologist.

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Henry Draper

Henry Draper (March 7, 1837 – November 20, 1882) was an American doctor and amateur astronomer.

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Henry Kandrup

Henry Emil Kandrup (July 24, 1955 – October 18, 2003) was an American astrophysicist and professor at the University of Florida, Gainesville.

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Henry L. Giclas

Henry Lee Giclas (December 9, 1910 – April 2, 2007) was an American astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets.

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Henry Norris Russell

Prof Henry Norris Russell FRS(For) HFRSE FRAS (October 25, 1877 – February 18, 1957) was an American astronomer who, along with Ejnar Hertzsprung, developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (1910).

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Herbert Alonzo Howe

Herbert Alonzo Howe (November 22, 1858 – November 2, 1926) was an American astronomer and educator.

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Herbert Dingle

Herbert Dingle (2 August 1890 – 4 September 1978) was an English physicist and natural philosopher, who served as president of the Royal Astronomical Society from 1951 to 1953.

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Herbert Friedman

Herbert Friedman (June 21, 1916 – September 9, 2000) was an American pioneer in the application of sounding rockets to solar physics, aeronomy, and astronomy.

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Herbert Hall Turner

Herbert Hall Turner FRS (13 August 1861, Leeds – 20 August 1930, Stockholm) was a British astronomer and seismologist.

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Hermann Brück

Hermann Alexander Brück CBE FRSE (15 August 1905 in Berlin, Germany – 4 March 2000 in Penicuik, Scotland) was a German-born astronomer who spent the great portion of his career in the United Kingdom.

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Hermann Carl Vogel

Hermann Carl Vogel (April 3, 1841 – August 13, 1907) was a German astrophysicist.

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Hermann Goldschmidt

Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt (June 17, 1802 – April 26, 1866) was a German-French astronomer and painter who spent much of his life in France.

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Hermann Struve

Karl Hermann Struve (October 3, 1854 – August 12, 1920) was a Russian astronomer.

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Hervé Faye

Hervé Auguste Étienne Albans Faye (&ndash) was a French astronomer, born at Saint-Benoît-du-Sault (Indre) and educated at the École Polytechnique, which he left in 1834, before completing his course, to accept a position in the Paris Observatory to which he had been appointed on the recommendation of M. Arago.

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Hipparchus

Hipparchus of Nicaea (Ἵππαρχος, Hipparkhos) was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician.

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Hiroki Kosai

is a Japanese astronomer with the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory.

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Hiroshi Abe (astronomer)

is a Japanese amateur astronomer affiliated with the Yatsuka Observatory.

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Hiroshi Araki

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Hiroshi Kaneda

is a Japanese astronomer and discoverer of minor planets from Sapporo, in the northernmost prefecture of Japan.

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Hiroshi Mori (astronomer)

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Hisashi Kimura

was a Japanese astronomer originally from Kanazawa, Ishikawa.

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Honoré Flaugergues

Pierre-Gilles-Antoine-Honoré Flaugergues, usually known as Honoré Flaugergues (May 16, 1755, Viviers, Ardèche – November 26, 1835 or November 20, 1830) was a French astronomer.

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Horace Parnell Tuttle

Horace Parnell Tuttle (March 17, 1837 – August 16, 1923) was an American astronomer, an American Civil War veteran and brother of astronomer Charles Wesley Tuttle (November 1, 1829 – July 17, 1881).

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Horace W. Babcock

Horace Welcome Babcock (September 13, 1912 – August 29, 2003) was an American astronomer.

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Hubble's law

Hubble's law is the name for the observation in physical cosmology that.

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Hubert Reeves

Hubert Reeves (born July 13, 1932), is a French Canadian astrophysicist and popularizer of science.

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Hungarians

Hungarians, also known as Magyars (magyarok), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary (Magyarország) and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history and speak the Hungarian language.

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Ian Glass

Ian Stewart Glass (born 5 September 1939 in Dublin, Ireland) is an infrared astronomer and scientific historian living in Cape Town, South Africa.

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Icko Iben

Icko Iben, Jr. is an American astronomer and a Distinguished Professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld

Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld (21 October 1921 – 30 March 2015) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Iosif Shklovsky

Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (Ио́сиф Самуи́лович Шкло́вский; sometimes transliterated Josif, Josif, Shklovskii, Shklovskij) (July 1, 1916 – March 3, 1985) was a Soviet astronomer and astrophysicist.

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Ira Sprague Bowen

Ira Sprague Bowen (December 21, 1898 – February 6, 1973) was an American physicist and astronomer.

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution.

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Ismaël Bullialdus

Ismaël Bullialdus (born Ismaël Boulliau,; 28 September 1605 – 25 November 1694) was a 17th-century French astronomer and mathematician who was also interested in history, theology, classical studies, and philology.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

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Issei Yamamoto

was a Japanese astronomer.

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Iwahashi Zenbei

was a Japanese scientist and optician.

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J. Allen Hynek

Josef Allen Hynek (May 1, 1910 – April 27, 1986) was an American astronomer, professor, and ufologist.

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J. Richard Fisher

James Richard Fisher (born December 10, 1943) is a scientist at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory at Charlottesville, VA.

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Jack Wisdom

Jack Wisdom (born 1953) is a Professor of Planetary Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Jacob ben Isaac Corsono

Jacob ben Isaac al-Corsono or Carsono or Carsi (also Abu Ishaq Ya'qub ibn Ishaq ibn Ya'qub, known as Ibn al-Qursunuh) was a Spanish astronomer of the fourteenth century.

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Jacobus Kapteyn

Prof Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn FRS FRSE LLD (19 January 1851 – 18 June 1922) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Jacques Cassini

Jacques Cassini (18 February 1677 – 16 April 1756) was a French astronomer, son of the famous Italian astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini.

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Jacques d'Allonville

Jacques Eugène d'Allonville de Louville was born on 14 July 1671 at the Louville Castle in Beauce France.

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Jamal Nazrul Islam

Jamal Nazrul Islam (24 February 1939 – 16 March 2013) was a Bangladeshi mathematical physicist and cosmologist.

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James Binney

James Jeffrey Binney, FRS, FInstP (born 1950) is a British astrophysicist.

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James Bradley

James Bradley FRS (March 1693 – 13 July 1762) was an English astronomer and priest and served as Astronomer Royal from 1742, succeeding Edmond Halley.

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James Carpenter (astronomer)

James Carpenter (1840–1899) was a British astronomer at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich.

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James Challis

James Challis FRS (12 December 1803 – 3 December 1882) was an English clergyman, physicist and astronomer.

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James Clerk Maxwell

James Clerk Maxwell (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish scientist in the field of mathematical physics.

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James Craig Watson

James Craig Watson (January 28, 1838 – November 22, 1880) was a Canadian-American astronomer, discoverer of comets and minor planets, director of the Ann Arbor Observatory, and awarded with the Lalande Prize in 1869.

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James Cuffey

James Cuffey (October 8, 1911 – May 30, 1999) was an American astronomer.

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James Dunlop

James Dunlop FRSE (31 October 1793 – 22 September 1848) was a Scottish astronomer, noted for his work in Australia.

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James Edward Keeler

James Edward Keeler (September 10, 1857 – August 12, 1900) was an American astronomer.

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James Ferguson (American astronomer)

James Ferguson (August 31, 1797 – September 26, 1867) was a Scottish-born American astronomer and engineer, who made the first discovery of an asteroid from North America (31 Euphrosyne).

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James Jeans

Sir James Hopwood Jeans (11 September 187716 September 1946) was an English physicist, astronomer and mathematician.

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James South

Sir James South (October 1785 – 19 October 1867) was a British astronomer.

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James V. Scotti

James Vernon Scotti (born 1960) is an American astronomer.

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James Van Allen

James Alfred Van Allen (September 7, 1914August 9, 2006) was an American space scientist at the University of Iowa.

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James W. Christy

James Walter "Jim" Christy (born September 15, 1938) is an American astronomer.

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James Whitney Young

James Whitney Young (born January 24, 1941) is an American astronomer who worked in the field of asteroid research.

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Jamshīd al-Kāshī

Ghiyāth al-Dīn Jamshīd Masʿūd al-Kāshī (or al-Kāshānī) (غیاث الدین جمشید کاشانی Ghiyās-ud-dīn Jamshīd Kāshānī) (c. 1380 Kashan, Iran – 22 June 1429 Samarkand, Transoxania) was a Persian astronomer and mathematician.

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Jan Oort

Jan Hendrik Oort (or; 28 April 1900 – 5 November 1992) was a Dutch astronomer who made significant contributions to the understanding of the Milky Way and who was a pioneer in the field of radio astronomy.

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Jane Luu

Dr.

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Janet Akyüz Mattei

Janet Akyüz Mattei (January 2, 1943 – March 22, 2004) was a Turkish-American astronomer who was the director of the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) from 1973 to 2004.

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Janine Connes

Janine Connes (born c. 1934) is a French astronomer whose research led to the establishment of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method.

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Jaume Nomen

Jaume Nomen Torres (also: Jaime Nomen; born June 23, 1960 in Tortosa, Catalonia) is a Spanish oral and maxillofacial surgeon, amateur astronomer and discoverer of numerous minor planets.

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Jay U. Gunter

June U. Gunter (January 15, 1911 – November 14, 1994), better known as Jay U. Gunter or J. U. Gunter, was an American pathologist and amateur astronomer.

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Jayant Narlikar

Jayant Vishnu Narlikar (born 19 July 1938) is an Indian astrophysicist.

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Jérôme Eugène Coggia

Jérôme Eugène Coggia (18 February 1849 – 15 January 1919) was a 19th-century French astronomer and discoverer of asteroids and comets, who was born in the Corsican town of Ajaccio.

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Jérôme Lalande

Joseph Jérôme Lefrançois de Lalande (11 July 1732 – 4 April 1807) was a French astronomer, freemason and writer.

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Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans

Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans (Amsterdam, December 16, 1827 – Utrecht, December 14, 1906) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre

Jean Baptiste Joseph, chevalier Delambre (19 September 1749 – 19 August 1822) was a French mathematician and astronomer.

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Jean Chacornac

Jean Chacornac (June 21, 1823 – September 23, 1873) was a French astronomer and discoverer of a comet and several asteroids.

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Jean Dufay

Jean Claude Barthélemy Dufay (July 18, 1896–November 6, 1967) was a French astronomer.

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Jean Mueller

Jean Mueller (born 1950) is an American astronomer and discoverer of comets, minor planets, and a large number of supernovas at the U.S. Palomar Observatory in California.

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Jean Richer

Jean Richer (1630–1696) was a French astronomer and assistant (élève astronome) at The French Academy of Sciences, under the direction of Giovanni Domenico Cassini.

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Jean Sylvain Bailly

Jean Sylvain Bailly (15 September 1736 – 12 November 1793) was a French astronomer, mathematician, freemason, and political leader of the early part of the French Revolution.

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Jean-Louis Pons

Jean-Louis Pons (24 December 1761 – 14 October 1831) was a French astronomer.

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Jeffrey Owen Katz

Jeffrey Owen Katz (born 1950) is an American scientist best known for his pivotal contribution to the field of factor analysis and his development of innovative AI (artificial intelligence) tools.

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Jeremiah Horrocks

Jeremiah Horrocks (1618 – 3 January 1641), sometimes given as Jeremiah Horrox (the Latinised version that he used on the Emmanuel College register and in his Latin manuscripts), – See footnote 1 was an English astronomer.

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Jesse L. Greenstein

Jesse Leonard Greenstein (October 15, 1909 – October 21, 2002) was an American astronomer.

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Jiao Bingzhen

Jiāo Bǐngzhēn, 1689–1726) was a native of Jining, Shandong who became a noted painter and astronomer. In painting he is noteworthy as one of the first Qing dynasty painters to be influenced by the West. He is also among the more significant portrait and miniature painters in the early Qing. He was skilled in painting people, landscapes, and buildings.Cihai: Page 2012. The Western influence in his art came from his exposure to the Jesuits at the Directorate of Astronomy. Their influence also exposed him to new ideas on astronomy and religion. At some point Jiao became a Roman Catholic and played a role on the Jesuit side of the Chinese Rites controversy. Image:Jiao Bingzhen - Paintings of Ladies - Leaf 2.jpg|Paintings of Ladies - Leaf #2 (畫仕女圖). Ink and color on silk. Width 20.4 cm, Height 30.9 cm. National Palace Museum Image:Jiao Bingzhen - Landscapes - Leaf 2.jpg|Landscapes - Leaf #2 (山水). Ink on paper. Width 26.4 cm, Height 26.2 cm. National Palace Museum.

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Jill Tarter

Jill Cornell Tarter (born January 16, 1944) is an American astronomer best known for her work on the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI).

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Jim Peebles

Phillip James Edwin Peebles (born 1935) is a Canadian-American physicist and theoretical cosmologist who is currently the Albert Einstein Professor Emeritus of Science at Princeton University.

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Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell (born 15 July 1943) is an astrophysicist from Northern Ireland who was credited with "one of the most significant scientific achievements of the 20th Century".

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Joel Hastings Metcalf

Joel Hastings Metcalf (January 4, 1866 – February 23, 1925) was an American astronomer, humanitarian and minister.

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Joel Stebbins

Joel Stebbins (July 30, 1878 – March 16, 1966) was an American astronomer who pioneered photoelectric photometry in astronomy.

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Johan Maurits Mohr

Dutch East Indies). Johan Maurits Mohr (ca. 18 August 1716, Eppingen – 25 October 1775, Batavia) was a Dutch-German pastor who studied at Groningen University from 1733 and settled in Batavia (Dutch East Indies) in 1737.

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Johan Stein

Johan Willem Jakob Antoon Stein (February 27, 1871–December 27, 1951) was a Dutch astronomer and a member of the Society of Jesus.

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Johann Bayer

Johann Bayer (1572 – 7 March 1625) was a German lawyer and uranographer (celestial cartographer).

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Johann Daniel Titius

Johann Daniel Titius born Johann Daniel Tietz(e) (2 January 1729 – 16 December 1796) was a German astronomer and a professor at Wittenberg.

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Johann Elert Bode

Johann Elert Bode (19 January 1747 – 23 November 1826) was a German astronomer known for his reformulation and popularisation of the Titius–Bode law.

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Johann Franz Encke

Johann Franz Encke (23 September 1791 – 26 August 1865) was a German astronomer.

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Johann Georg Palitzsch

Johann Georg Palitzsch (11 June 1723 – 21 February 1788) was a German astronomer who became famous for recovering Comet 1P/Halley (better known as Halley's Comet) on Christmas Day, 1758.

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Johann Gottfried Galle

Johann Gottfried Galle, 1880 Galle's signature Memorial plaque in Wittenberg Johann Gottfried Galle (9 June 1812 – 10 July 1910) was a German astronomer from Radis, Germany, at the Berlin Observatory who, on 23 September 1846, with the assistance of student Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, was the first person to view the planet Neptune and know what he was looking at.

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Johann Heinrich Lambert

Johann Heinrich Lambert (Jean-Henri Lambert in French; 26 August 1728 – 25 September 1777) was a Swiss polymath who made important contributions to the subjects of mathematics, physics (particularly optics), philosophy, astronomy and map projections.

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Johann Heinrich Westphal

Johann Heinrich Westphal (January 31, 1794 – 1831) was a German astronomer.

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Johann Hieronymus Schröter

Johann Hieronymus Schröter (30 August 1745, Erfurt – 29 August 1816, Lilienthal) was a German astronomer.

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Johann Palisa

Johann Palisa (December 6, 1848 – May 2, 1925) was an Austrian astronomer, born in Troppau in Austrian Silesia (now in the Czech Republic).

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Johannes Fabricius

Johann Goldsmid, better known by his Latinized name Johann(es) Fabricius (8 January 1587 – 19 March 1616), eldest son of David Fabricius (1564–1617), was a Frisian/German astronomer and a discoverer of sunspots (in 1610), independently of Galileo Galilei.

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Johannes Hevelius

Johannes Hevelius Some sources refer to Hevelius as Polish.

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Johannes Kepler

Johannes Kepler (December 27, 1571 – November 15, 1630) was a German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer.

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John Archibald Wheeler

John Archibald Wheeler (July 9, 1911 – April 13, 2008) was an American theoretical physicist.

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John August Anderson

John August Anderson (August 7, 1876 – December 2, 1959) was an American astronomer.

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John Bainbridge (astronomer)

John Bainbridge (1582 – 3 November 1643) was an English astronomer and mathematician.

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John Brashear

Dr.

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John C. Mather

John Cromwell Mather (born August 7, 1946, Roanoke, Virginia) is an American astrophysicist, cosmologist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his work on the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite (COBE) with George Smoot.

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John Carroll (astronomer)

Sir John Anthony Carroll (8 January 1899 – 2 May 1974) was a British astronomer and physicist.

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John Couch Adams

John Couch Adams (5 June 1819 – 21 January 1892) was a British mathematician and astronomer.

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John E. Baldwin

John Evan Baldwin FRS (–) was a British Astronomer who worked at the Cavendish Astrophysics Group (formerly Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory) from 1954.

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John Flamsteed

John Flamsteed FRS (19 August 1646 – 31 December 1719) was an English astronomer and the first Astronomer Royal.

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John Francis Skjellerup

John Francis Skjellerup (16 May 1875 – 6 January 1952) was an Australian who spent about a decade working as a telegraphist in South Africa, and was an astronomer.

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John Gatenby Bolton

This article is on the astronomer John Bolton.

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John Goodricke

John Goodricke FRS (17 September 1764 – 20 April 1786) was an English amateur astronomer.

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John Herschel

Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet (7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) was an English polymath, mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor, experimental photographer who invented the blueprint, and did botanical work.

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John Johnson (astronomer)

John Asher Johnson is an American astrophysicist and professor of astronomy at Harvard.

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John Louis Emil Dreyer

John Louis Emil Dreyer (February 13, 1852 – September 14, 1926) was a Danish-Irish astronomer.

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John M. Grunsfeld

John Mace Grunsfeld (born October 10, 1958) is an American physicist and a former NASA astronaut.

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John M. Thome

John Macon Thome (August 22, 1843 – September 27, 1908) was an American-Argentine astronomer.

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John Michell

John Michell (25 December 1724 – 29 April 1793) was an English natural philosopher and clergyman who provided pioneering insights in a wide range of scientific fields, including astronomy, geology, optics, and gravitation.

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John N. Bahcall

John Norris Bahcall (December 30, 1934 – August 17, 2005) was an American astrophysicist, best known for his contributions to the solar neutrino problem, the development of the Hubble Space Telescope and for his leadership and development of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.

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John Pond

John Pond FRS (1767 – 7 September 1836) was a renowned English astronomer who became the sixth Astronomer Royal, serving from 1811 to 1835.

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John Russell Hind

John Russell Hind FRS FRSE LLD (12 May 1823 – 23 December 1895) was an English astronomer.

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John Stanley Plaskett

John Stanley Plaskett (November 17, 1865 – October 17, 1941) was a Canadian astronomer.

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John Tebbutt

John Tebbutt (25 May 1834 – 29 November 1916) was an Australian astronomer, famous for discovering the "Great Comet of 1861".

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John Winthrop (educator)

John Winthrop (December 19, 1714 – May 3, 1779) was the 2nd Hollis Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in Harvard College.

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John Zarnecki

Jan Charles "John" Zarnecki, (born 6 November 1949 in Finchley, Middlesex, England) is an English space science professor and researcher.

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José Luis Ortiz Moreno

José Luis Ortiz Moreno (born 1967) is a Spanish astronomer, and former Vicedirector of Technology at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Spain.

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Josep Comas i Solà

Josep Comas i Solà (17 December 1868 – 2 December 1937) was a Spanish astronomer and discoverer of minor planets, comets and double stars, born of Catalan origin in Barcelona.

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Joseph Ashbrook

Joseph Ashbrook (April 4, 1918 – August 4, 1980) was an American astronomer.

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Joseph Helffrich

Joseph Helffrich (12 January 1890 in Mannheim, Baden – 1971) was a German astronomer.

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Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.

Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (born March 29, 1941) is an American astrophysicist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his discovery with Russell Alan Hulse of a "new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation.".

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Joseph Jean Pierre Laurent

Joseph Jean Pierre Laurent (or Joseph Laurent) (died 1900) was a French amateur astronomer and chemist who discovered the asteroid 51 Nemausa in 1858, for which he was a recipient of the Lalande Prize awarded by the French Academy of Sciences.

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Joseph Johann von Littrow

Joseph Johann von Littrow (13 March 1781, Horšovský Týn (Bischofteinitz) – 30 November 1840, Vienna) was an Austrian astronomer.

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Joseph von Fraunhofer

Joseph Ritter von Fraunhofer (6 March 1787 – 7 June 1826) was a Bavarian physicist and optical lens manufacturer.

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Joseph-Louis Lagrange

Joseph-Louis Lagrange (or;; born Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia, Encyclopædia Britannica or Giuseppe Ludovico De la Grange Tournier, Turin, 25 January 1736 – Paris, 10 April 1813; also reported as Giuseppe Luigi Lagrange or Lagrangia) was an Italian Enlightenment Era mathematician and astronomer.

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Judith Young (astronomer)

Judith (Rubin) Young (September 15, 1952 – May 23, 2014) was an American physicist, astronomer, and educator.

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Jules Baillaud

Jules Baillaud (born 14 January 1876 in Paris, died 28 November 1960) is a French astronomer.

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Julie Vinter Hansen

Julie Marie Vinter Hansen (20 July 1890 – 27 July 1960) was a Danish astronomer.

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Julio Garavito Armero

Julio Garavito Armero (January 5, 1865 – March 11, 1920) was a Colombian astronomer.

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Julius Bauschinger

Julius Bauschinger (January 28, 1860 – January 21, 1934) was a German astronomer.

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Julius Reichelt

Julius Reichelt (1637–1717) was a German mathematician and astronomer who may have set up the first observatory in the city of Strasbourg.

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Justus Georg Westphal

Justus Georg Westphal (18 March 1824 – 9 November 1859) was a German astronomer and mathematician.

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Kamil Hornoch

Kamil Hornoch (born 5 December 1972) is a Czech amateur astronomer who discovered dozens of novae in nearby galaxies.

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Kaoru Ikeya

is a Japanese amateur astronomer who discovered a number of comets.

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Karen Jean Meech

Karen J. Meech (born 1959) is an American astronomer at the Institute for Astronomy in the University of Hawaii.

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Karl Guthe Jansky

Karl Guthe Jansky (October 22, 1905 – February 14, 1950) was an American physicist and radio engineer who in August 1931 first discovered radio waves emanating from the Milky Way.

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Karl L. Littrow

Karl Ludwig Edler von Littrow (18 July 1811 – 16 November 1877) was an Austrian astronomer.

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Karl Ludwig Harding

Karl Ludwig Harding (September 29, 1765 – August 31, 1834) was a German astronomer, who discovered 3 Juno, the third asteroid of the main-belt in 1804.

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Karl Ludwig Hencke

Karl Ludwig Hencke (8 April 1793 – 21 September 1866) was a German amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Karl Schwarzschild

Karl Schwarzschild (October 9, 1873 – May 11, 1916) was a German physicist and astronomer.

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Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth

Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth (April 4, 1892 in Heidelberg – May 6, 1979 in Heidelberg) was a German astronomer and a prolific discoverer of 395 minor planets.

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Karlis Kaufmanis

Kārlis Kaufmanis (February 21, 1910, Riga, Latvia – June 21, 2003, Clearwater, Florida) was a Latvian-American astronomer.

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Kazuo Kubokawa

was a Japanese astronomer, who, together with astronomer Okuro Oikawa, co-discovered the Mars-crosser asteroid 1139 Atami in 1929.

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Kazuro Watanabe

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and prolific discoverer of minor planets.

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Kōichirō Tomita

was a Japanese astronomer, discoverer of minor planets and comets.

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Kōyō Kawanishi

is a Japanese dentist, amateur astronomer and discoverer of 13 minor planets.

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Kesao Takamizawa

is a Japanese astronomer and entomologist.

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Khwarezm

Khwarezm, or Chorasmia (خوارزم, Xvârazm) is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum desert, on the south by the Karakum desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau.

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Kidinnu

Kidinnu (also Kidunnu) (fl. 4th century BC? possibly died 14 August 330 BC) was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician.

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Kiichirō Furukawa

『新訂 現代日本人名録94 4.

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Kim Weaver

Dr.

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Kin Endate

is a Japanese amateur astronomer who has discovered hundreds of asteroids, most of them in collaboration with Kazuro Watanabe, placing him among the most prolific discoverers of minor planets.

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Kip Thorne

Kip Stephen Thorne (born June 1, 1940) is an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate, known for his contributions in gravitational physics and astrophysics.

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Kiyotaka Kanai

is a Japanese amateur astronomer, observer of variable stars, discoverer of comet C/1970 B1, and co-discoverer of the main-belt asteroid 7752 Otauchunokai, named after the Ota Uchuno Kai group, an amateur astronomers' club at Ōta city, of which he is a member of.

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Kiyotsugu Hirayama

was a Japanese astronomer, best known for his discovery that many asteroid orbits were more similar to one another than chance would allow, leading to the concept of asteroid families, now called "Hirayama families" in his honour.

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Knidos

Knidos or Cnidus (Κνίδος) was an ancient Greek city of Caria and part of the Dorian Hexapolis, in south-western Asia Minor, modern-day Turkey.

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Knut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard

Knut Jørgen Røed Ødegaard (born 6 May 1966) is a Norwegian astronomer formerly employed as a media contact at the University of Oslo's Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics.

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Knut Lundmark

Knut Emil Lundmark, born 14 June 1889 in Älvsbyn, Sweden, died 23 April 1958 in Lund, Sweden, was a Swedish astronomer, professor of astronomy and head of the observatory at Lund University from 1929 to 1955.

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Korado Korlević

Korado Korlević (born on 19 September 1958 in Poreč) is a Croatian teacher and prolific amateur astronomer, who ranks among the world's top 20 discoverers of minor planets.

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Larry W. Esposito

Larry W. Esposito (born April 15, 1951) is an American planetary astronomer and a professor at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado Boulder.

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Latvia

Latvia (or; Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika), is a sovereign state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.

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Lawrence H. Aller

Lawrence Hugh Aller (September 24, 1913 – March 16, 2003) was an American astronomer.

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Leo Anton Karl de Ball

Leo Anton Karl de Ball (November 23, 1853 – December 12, 1916) was a German-Austrian astronomer.

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Leo Goldberg

Leopold Goldberg (26 January 1913 – 1 November 1987) was an American astronomer who held professorships at Harvard and the University of Michigan and the directorships of several major observatories.

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Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (15 April 14522 May 1519), more commonly Leonardo da Vinci or simply Leonardo, was an Italian polymath of the Renaissance, whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography.

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Leopold Courvoisier

Leopold Courvoisier (1873–1955) was a Swiss astronomer.

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Leslie Peltier

Leslie Copus Peltier (January 2, 1900 – May 10, 1980) was an American amateur astronomer and discoverer of several comets and novae, once described as "the world's greatest non-professional astronomer" by Harlow Shapley.

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Lewis A. Swift

Lewis A. Swift (February 29, 1820 – January 5, 1913) was an American astronomer.

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Lewis Boss

Lewis Boss (26 October 1846 – 5 October 1912) was an American astronomer.

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Li Fan (Han dynasty)

Li Fan (Chinese: 李梵, pinyin: Lǐ Fàn) was a Chinese astronomer during the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD).

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Liisi Oterma

Liisi Oterma (6 January 1915 – 4 April 2001) was a Finnish astronomer, the first woman to get a Ph.D. degree in astronomy in Finland.

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Lipót Schulhof

Lipót Schulhof (March 12, 1847 in Baja – October 1921 in Paris; Schulhof Lipót; Leopold Schulhof or Schulhoff; Léopold Schulhof) was a Hungarian-Jewish astronomer, born in the Austrian Empire, who first worked at the Vienna Observatory and later spent most of his time at the Paris Observatory, observing comets and asteroids.

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Lisa Harvey-Smith

Lisa Harvey-Smith is an astrophysicist at the CSIRO, based in Sydney, NSW, Australia.

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List of astronomical instrument makers

The following is a list of astronomical instrument makers, along with lifespan and country of work, if available.

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List of minor planet discoverers

This is a list of all astronomers who are credited by the Minor Planet Center (MPC) with the discovery of one or several minor planets.

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List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists

This list of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists includes the famous astronomers, astrophysicists and cosmologists from the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation.

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List of women astronomers

The following is a list of astronomers, astrophysicists and other notable women who have made contributions to the field of astronomy.

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Liu Xin

Liu Xin (c. 50 BCE – 23 CE), courtesy name Zijun, was a Chinese astronomer, historian, librarian and politician during the Western Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 9 CE) and Xin Dynasty (9 – 23 CE).

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Louis Boyer (astronomer)

Louis Boyer (1901–1999) was a French astronomer who worked at the Algiers Observatory, North Africa, where he discovered 40 asteroids between 1930 and 1952.

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Louis Thollon

Louis Thollon (May 2, 1829 – April 8, 1887) was a French astronomer.

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Louise Freeland Jenkins

Louise Freeland Jenkins (July 5, 1888 – May 9, 1970) was an American astronomer who compiled a valuable catalogue of stars within 10 parsecs of the sun, as well as editing the 3rd edition of the Yale Bright Star Catalogue.

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Luís Cruls

Luíz Cruls or Luís Cruls or Louis Ferdinand Cruls (21 January 1848 – 21 June 1908) was a Belgian-born Brazilian astronomer and geodesist.

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Luboš Kohoutek

Luboš Kohoutek (born January 29, 1935) is a Czech astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets, including Comet Kohoutek which was visible to the naked eye in 1973.

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Ludwig Biermann

Ludwig Franz Benedict Biermann (March 13, 1907 in Hamm – January 12, 1986 in München) was a German astronomer, obtaining his Ph.D. from Göttingen University in 1932.

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Ludwig Struve

Gustav Wilhelm Ludwig Struve (November 1, 1858 – November 4, 1920) was a Russian astronomer, part of the famous Baltic German Struve family.

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Luigi Carnera

Luigi Carnera (born in Trieste April 14, 1875, died in Florence, July 30, 1962) was an Italian astronomer and mathematician.

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Lupitus of Barcelona

Lupitus of Barcelona, identified with a Christian archdeacon called Sunifred, was an astronomer in late 10th century Barcelona, then part of the Marca Hispanica between Islamic Al-Andalus and Christian France (in 985 changing from Christian back into Muslim hands by the conquest of Al-Mansur).

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Lyman Spitzer

Lyman Strong Spitzer, Jr. (June 26, 1914 – March 31, 1997) was an American theoretical physicist, astronomer and mountaineer.

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Lyudmila Chernykh

Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (Людмила Іванівна Черних, Людми́ла Ива́новна Черны́х, June 13, 1935 in Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast – July 28, 2017) was a Russian-born Soviet astronomer, wife and colleague of Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, and a prolific discoverer of minor planets.

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Lyudmila Karachkina

Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina (Людмила Георгиевна Карачкина, born 3 September 1948, Rostov-on-Don) is a Russian astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Lyudmila Zhuravleva

Lyudmila Vasilyevna Zhuravleva (Людмила Васильевна Журавлёва, Людмила Василівна Журавльова; born 22 May 1946) is a Soviet, Russian and Ukrainian astronomer, who worked at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, where she discovered 213 minor planets.

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M. Shahid Qureshi

Dr.

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Ma Yize

Ma Yize (traditional: 馬依澤, simplified: 马依泽, ca. 910 - 1005) was a Muslim Hui Chinese astronomer and astronomer who worked as the chief official of the astronomical observatory for the Song dynasty.

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Maarten Schmidt

Maarten Schmidt (born December 28, 1929) is a Dutch astronomer who measured the distances of quasars.

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Mahendra Sūri

Mahendra Sūri is the 14th century Jain astronomer who wrote the Yantraraja, the first Indian treatise on the astrolabe.

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Makio Akiyama

is a Japanese astronomer affiliated with the Susono Observatory (886).

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Manuel Peimbert

Manuel Peimbert Sierra (born June 9, 1941) is a Mexican astronomer and a faculty member at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

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Marc Aaronson

Marc Aaronson (24 August 1950 – 30 April 1987) was an American astronomer.

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Marc Kuchner

Marc Kuchner (born August 7, 1972) is an American astrophysicist, a staff member at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) known for work on images and imaging of disks and exoplanets.

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Marcel Minnaert

Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert (12 February 1893 – 26 October 1970) was a Dutch astronomer of Belgian origin.

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Marcelo Gleiser

Marcelo Gleiser (born 19 March 1959) is a Brazilian physicist and astronomer.

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Margaret Burbidge

Eleanor Margaret Burbidge (née Peachey), FRS (born August 12, 1919 in Davenport) is a British-born American astrophysicist, noted for original research and holding many administrative posts, including Director of the Royal Greenwich Observatory.

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Margaret Geller

Margaret J. Geller (born December 8, 1947) is an American astrophysicist at the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

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Maria Margaretha Kirch

Maria Margaretha Kirch (née Winckelmann, in historic sources named Maria Margaretha Kirchin; 25 February 1670 – 29 December 1720) was a German astronomer, and one of the first famous astronomers of her period due to her writings on the conjunction of the sun with Saturn, Venus, and Jupiter in 1709 and 1712 respectively.

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Maria Mitchell

Maria Mitchell (August 1, 1818 – June 28, 1889) was an American astronomer, who in 1847 by using a telescope, discovered a comet, which as a result became known as "Miss Mitchell's Comet." She won a gold medal prize for her discovery, which was presented to her by King Frederick VI of Denmark.

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Marie Henri Andoyer

Marie Henri Andoyer (October 1, 1862 in Paris – June 12, 1929) was a French astronomer and mathematician.

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Mario Hamuy

Mario Hamuy is a Chilean Astronomer and Professor of Astronomy at the University of Chile and Cerro Calan Observatory.

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Mark M. Phillips

Mark M. Phillips (born March 31, 1951) is an American astronomer who works on the observational studies of all classes of supernovae.

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Martin Rees

Martin John Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow, One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: (born 23 June 1942) is a British cosmologist and astrophysicist.

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Martin Ryle

Sir Martin Ryle (27 September 1918 – 14 October 1984) was an English radio astronomer who developed revolutionary radio telescope systems (see e.g. aperture synthesis) and used them for accurate location and imaging of weak radio sources.

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Martin Schwarzschild

Martin Schwarzschild (May 31, 1912 – April 10, 1997) was a German-born American astrophysicist.

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Martin van den Hove

Martin (Maarten) van den Hove (Latinized as Martinus Hortensius (Ortensius)) (1605 – 7 August 1639) was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician.

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Mary Somerville

Mary Somerville (née Fairfax, formerly Greig; 26 December 1780 – 29 November 1872), was a Scottish science writer and polymath.

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Mary Watson Whitney

Mary Watson Whitney (September 11, 1847 – January 20, 1921) was an American astronomer and for 22 years the head of the Vassar Observatory where 102 scientific papers were published under her guidance.

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Masahiro Koishikawa

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Masakatsu Aoki

is a Japanese amateur astronomer who operates from his private Aoki Astronomical Observatory at Toyama, Toyama Prefecture, Japan.

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Masanori Hirasawa

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Masaru Arai

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets.

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Masaru Mukai

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Masayuki Iwamoto

is a Japanese astronomer from Awa in the Tokushima Prefecture.

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Masayuki Yanai

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Massachusetts Bay Colony

The Massachusetts Bay Colony (1628–1691) was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century around the Massachusetts Bay, the northernmost of the several colonies later reorganized as the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

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Matsuo Sugano

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Matthew Fontaine Maury

Matthew Fontaine Maury (January 14, 1806February 1, 1873) was an American astronomer, United States Navy officer, historian, oceanographer, meteorologist, cartographer, author, geologist, and educator.

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Maurice Loewy

Maurice (Moritz) Loewy (15 April 1833 – 15 October 1907) was a French astronomer.

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Max Wolf

Maximilian Franz Joseph Cornelius "Max" Wolf (June 21, 1863 – October 3, 1932) was a German astronomer and a pioneer in the field of astrophotography.

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Maximilian Hell

Maximilian Hell (Hell Miksa) (May 15, 1720 – April 14, 1792) was a Hungarian astronomer and an ordained Jesuit priest from the Kingdom of Hungary.

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Maynard Pittendreigh

The Rev.

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Meghnad Saha

Meghnad Saha FRS (6 October 1893 – 16 February 1956) was an Indian astrophysicist best known for his development of the Saha ionization equation, used to describe chemical and physical conditions in stars.

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Merieme Chadid

Merieme Chadid (born October 11, 1969 in Casablanca) is a Moroccan astronomer, explorer and researcher at Dome Charlie, in Antarctica.

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Michael E. Brown

Michael E. Brown (born June 5, 1965) is an American astronomer, who has been professor of planetary astronomy at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) since 2003.

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Michel Giacobini

Michel Giacobini (1873–1938) was a French astronomer.

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Michel Mayor

Michel G.E. Mayor (born 12 January 1942, Lausanne) is a Swiss astrophysicist and professor emeritus at the University of Geneva's Department of Astronomy.

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Milorad B. Protić

Milorad B. Protić (Милорад Б. Протић; 6 August 1911, Belgrade – 29 October 2001, Belgrade) was a Serbian astronomer, discoverer of comets and minor planets, and three times director of the Belgrade Observatory.

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Milton L. Humason

Milton La Salle Humason (August 19, 1891 – June 18, 1972) was an American astronomer.

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Minoru Honda

was a Japanese astronomer.

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Minoru Kizawa

is a Japanese astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Moon

The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth and is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.

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Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-ʿUrḍī

Al-Urdi (full name: Muʾayyad (al‐Milla wa‐) al‐Dīn (Muʾayyad ibn Barīk) al‐ʿUrḍī (al‐ʿĀmirī al‐Dimašqī) (مؤيد (الملة و) الدين (مؤيد ابن بريك) ألعرضي (العامري الدمشقي d. 1266) was a medieval Syrian-Arab astronomer.

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Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi

There is some confusion in the literature on whether al-Khwārizmī's full name is ابو عبد الله محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي or ابو جعفر محمد بن موسی الخوارزمی.

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N. R. Pogson

Norman Robert Pogson, CIE (23 March 1829 – 23 June 1891) was an English astronomer who worked in India at the Madras observatory.

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Naburimannu

Nabu-ri-man-nu (also spelled Nabu-rimanni; Greek sources called him Ναβουριανός, Nabourianos, Latin Naburianus) (fl. c. 6th – 3rd century BC) was a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician.

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Naoshi Fukushima

was a Japanese physicist specializing in the near-Earth space environment.

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Naoto Satō

is a Japanese amateur astronomer, discoverer of minor planets, and, by profession, a junior high school science teacher.

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Narayan Chandra Rana

Narayan Chandra Rana (12 October 1954 - 22 August 1996) was an Indian Professor.

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Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tūsī (محمد بن محمد بن حسن طوسی‎ 18 February 1201 – 26 June 1274), better known as Nasir al-Din Tusi (نصیر الدین طوسی; or simply Tusi in the West), was a Persian polymath, architect, philosopher, physician, scientist, and theologian.

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Nathaniel Bliss

The Reverend Nathaniel Bliss (28 November 1700 – 2 September 1764) was an English astronomer of the 18th century, serving as Britain's fourth Astronomer Royal between 1762 and 1764.

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Naubakht

Nobakht Ahvazi (نوبخت اهوازى, (or Naubakht Ahvaz) also transliterated "Naubakht") and his sons lived in the 8th and 9th centuries AD, and were astrologers from Ahvaz (in the present-day Khuzestan Province of Iran).

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Neil deGrasse Tyson

Neil deGrasse Tyson (born October 5, 1958) is an American astrophysicist, author, and science communicator.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Nevil Maskelyne

The Rev Dr Nevil Maskelyne DD FRS FRSE (6 October 1732 – 9 February 1811) was the fifth British Astronomer Royal.

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Nicholas B. Suntzeff

Nicholas B. Suntzeff (born November 22, 1952, San Francisco) is an American University Distinguished Professor and holds the Mitchell/Heep/Munnerlyn Chair of Observational Astronomy in the Department of Physics & Astronomy at Texas A&M University where he is Director of the Astronomy Program.

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Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Abbé Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille, formerly sometimes spelled de la Caille, (15 March 1713 – 21 March 1762) was a French astronomer.

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Nicolaus Copernicus

Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik; Nikolaus Kopernikus; Niklas Koppernigk; 19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe, likely independently of Aristarchus of Samos, who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier.

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Nicolaus Olahus

Nicolaus Olahus (Latin for Nicholas, the Vlach; Oláh Miklós; Nicolae Valahul); 10 January 1493 – 15 January 1568) was the Archbishop of Esztergom, Primate of Hungary, and a distinguished Roman Catholic prelate.

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Niels Bohr

Niels Henrik David Bohr (7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.

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Nikolai Chernykh

Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh (Николай Степанович Черных) (6 October 1931 – 26 May 2004) was a Russian-born Soviet astronomer and discoverer of minor planets and comets at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula.

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Nilakantha Somayaji

Kelallur Nilakantha Somayaji (also referred to as Kelallur Comatiri; 14 June 1444 – 1544) was a major mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics in India.

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Nils Mustelin

Nils Olof Mustelin (11 August 1931 in Turku – 28 April 2004 in Helsinki) was a Finnish professor of physics, noted astronomer, and popular skeptic.

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Nobuhiro Kawasato

is a Japanese astronomer credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 105 asteroids he made partially in collaboration with astronomer Tsutomu Hioki at Okutama Observatory, Japan, between 1988 and 2000.

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Nobuhisa Kojima

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Norman G. Thomas

Norman Gene Thomas (born 1930) is an American astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Norman Lockyer

Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer, KCB FRS (17 May 1836 – 16 August 1920), known simply as Norman Lockyer, was an English scientist and astronomer.

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Okuro Oikawa

was a Japanese astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Ole Rømer

Ole Christensen Rømer (25 September 1644 – 19 September 1710) was a Danish astronomer who in 1676 made the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light.

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Olin Chaddock Wilson

Olin Chaddock Wilson (January 13, 1909 – July 13, 1994) was an American astronomer best known for his work as a stellar spectroscopist.

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Olin J. Eggen

Olin Jeuck Eggen (July 9, 1919 – October 2, 1998) was an American astronomer.

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Omar Khayyam

Omar Khayyam (عمر خیّام; 18 May 1048 – 4 December 1131) was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, and poet.

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Osamu Muramatsu

is a Japanese astronomer and discoverer of asteroids and comets.

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Oskar Backlund

Johan Oskar Backlund (28 April 1846 – 29 August 1916) was a Swedish-Russian astronomer.

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Otto August Rosenberger

Otto August Rosenberger (August 10, 1800 – January 23, 1890) was a Baltic German astronomer from Tukums in Courland.

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Otto E. Neugebauer

Otto Eduard Neugebauer (May 26, 1899 – February 19, 1990) was an Austrian American mathematician and historian of science who became known for his research on the history of astronomy and the other exact sciences in antiquity and into the Middle Ages.

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Otto Heckmann

Otto Hermann Leopold Heckmann (June 23, 1901 – May 13, 1983) was a German astronomer.

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Otto Struve

Otto Struve (August 12, 1897 – April 6, 1963) was a Russian-American astronomer.

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Otto Wilhelm von Struve

Otto Wilhelm von Struve (May 7, 1819 (Julian calendar: April 25) – April 14, 1905) was a Russian astronomer.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

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Pablo Cottenot

Pablo Cottenot was a 19th-century French astronomer and discoverer of a minor planet.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Paris Pişmiş

Marie Paris Pişmiş de Recilas (Պարիս Փիշմիշ, January 30, 1911 – August 1, 1999) was an Armenian-Mexican astronomer.

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Patrick Moore

Sir Patrick Alfred Caldwell-Moore (4 March 19239 December 2012) was an English amateur astronomer who attained prominent status in that field as a writer, researcher, radio commentator and television presenter.

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Paul G. Abel

Paul G. Abel (born 1979) is a British astronomer, mathematician, broadcaster and writer.

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Paul Götz

Paul Götz (1883–1962) was a German astronomer and discoverer of 20 minor planets between 1903 and 1905.

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Paul Henry and Prosper Henry

Paul-Pierre Henry (Paul Henry) (21 August 1848 – 4 January 1905) and his brother Prosper-Mathieu Henry (Prosper Henry) (10 December 1849 – 25 July 1903) were French opticians and astronomers.

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Paul Kempf

Paul Friedrich Ferdinand Kempf (3 June 1856 – 16 February 1920) was a German astronomer.

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Paul Oswald Ahnert

Paul Oswald Ahnert (22 November 1897 – 27 February 1989) was a German astronomer.

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Paul W. Merrill

Paul Willard Merrill (August 15, 1887 – July 19, 1961) was an American astronomer whose specialty was spectroscopy.

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Paul Wild (Swiss astronomer)

Paul Wild (5 October 1925 – 2 July 2014) was a Swiss astronomer and director of the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern, who discovered numerous comets, asteroids and supernovae.

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Paulo R. Holvorcem

Paulo Renato Centeno Holvorcem (born 10 July 1967) is a Brazilian amateur astronomer and mathematician who lives in Campinas, Brazil.

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Pelageya Shajn

Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn, née Sannikova (Пелагея Фёдоровна Шайн) (1894 – 27 August 1956), was a Russian astronomer in the Soviet Union and the first woman to discover a minor planet at the Simeiz Observatory in 1928.

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Percival Lowell

Percival Lawrence Lowell (March 13, 1855 – November 12, 1916) was an American businessman, author, mathematician, and astronomer who fueled speculation that there were canals on Mars.

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Persian Empire

The Persian Empire (شاهنشاهی ایران, translit., lit. 'Imperial Iran') refers to any of a series of imperial dynasties that were centred in Persia/Iran from the 6th-century-BC Achaemenid Empire era to the 20th century AD in the Qajar dynasty era.

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Petar Đurković

Petar Đurković (Петар Ђурковић, 1908–1981) was a Serbian astronomer known for discovering two asteroids in 1936 and 1940, respectively.

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Peter Andreas Hansen

Peter Andreas Hansen (born December 8, 1795 Tønder, Schleswig, Denmark – died March 28, 1874 Gotha, Thuringia, Germany) was a Danish German astronomer.

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Peter Goldreich

Peter Goldreich (born July 14, 1939) is an American astrophysicist whose research focuses on celestial mechanics, planetary rings, helioseismology and neutron stars.

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Peter Nilson

Peter Nilson (17 October 1937 – 8 March 1998) was a Swedish astronomer and novelist.

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Peter van de Kamp

Piet van de Kamp (December 26, 1901 in KampenLaurence W. Fredrick,, Publications of the Astronomical Socitiey of the Pacific 108:556-559, July 1996 – May 18, 1995 in Amsterdam), known as Peter van de Kamp in the United States, was a Dutch astronomer who lived most of his life in the United States.

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Petrus Alphonsi

Petrus Alphonsi was a Jewish Spanish physician, writer, astronomer, and polemicist, who converted to Christianity in 1106.

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Petrus Apianus

Petrus Apianus (April 16, 1495 – April 21, 1552), also known as Peter Apian, Peter Bennewitz, and Peter Bienewitz was a German humanist, known for his works in mathematics, astronomy and cartography.

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Petrus Plancius

Petrus Plancius (1552 – May 15, 1622) was a Dutch-Flemish astronomer, cartographer and clergyman.

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Phil Plait

Philip Cary Plait (born September 30, 1964), also known as The Bad Astronomer, is an American astronomer, skeptic, writer and popular science blogger.

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Philibert Jacques Melotte

Philibert Jacques Melotte (29 January 1880 – 30 March 1961) was a British astronomer whose parents emigrated from Belgium.

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Philip Fox (astronomer)

Philip Fox (March 7, 1878 – July 21, 1944) was an American astronomer and an officer in the U.S. Army.

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Philip Herbert Cowell

Philip Herbert Cowell FRS (7 August 1870, Calcutta – 6 June 1949) was a British astronomer.

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Philippe Véron

Philippe Véron (2 March 1939 – 7 August 2014) was a French astronomer.

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Physicist

A physicist is a scientist who has specialized knowledge in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.

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Pierre Janssen

Pierre Jules César Janssen (22 February 1824 – 23 December 1907), also known as Jules Janssen, was a French astronomer who, along with English scientist Joseph Norman Lockyer, is credited with discovering the gaseous nature of the solar chromosphere, and with some justification the element helium.

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Pierre Lemonnier

Pierre Lemonnier (aka Petro Lemonnier) (28 June 1675 in Saint-Sever – 27 November 1757 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye) was a French astronomer, a Professor of Physics and Philosophy at the Collège d'Harcourt (University of Paris), and a member of the French Academy of Sciences.

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Pierre Louis Maupertuis

Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698 – 27 July 1759) was a French mathematician, philosopher and man of letters.

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Pierre Méchain

Pierre François André Méchain (16 August 1744 – 20 September 1804) was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep sky objects and comets.

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Pierre Puiseux

Pierre Henri Puiseux (July 20, 1855 – September 28, 1928) was a French astronomer.

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Pierre-Simon Laplace

Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy.

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Pieter Johannes van Rhijn

Pieter Johannes van Rhijn (March 24, 1886 – May 9, 1960) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Pieter Oosterhoff

Pieter Theodorus Oosterhoff (30 March 1904, Leeuwarden - 14 March 1978, Leiden) was a Dutch astronomer.

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Pietro Baracchi

Pietro Paolo Giovanni Ernesto Baracchi (25 February 1851 – 23 July 1926) was an Italian-born astronomer, active in Australia and Government Astronomer of Victoria (Australia) 1900-15.

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Pleiades

The Pleiades (also known as the Seven Sisters and Messier 45), are an open star cluster containing middle-aged, hot B-type stars located in the constellation of Taurus.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.

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Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος, Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; Claudius Ptolemaeus) was a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology.

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Pythagoras

Pythagoras of Samos was an Ionian Greek philosopher and the eponymous founder of the Pythagoreanism movement.

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Qingde Wang

Qingde "Daniel" Wang (王青德) is a professor of astronomy at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

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Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi

Qotb al-Din Mahmoud b. Zia al-Din Mas'ud b. Mosleh Shirazi (1236—1311) (قطب‌الدین محمود بن ضیاالدین مسعود بن مصلح شیرازی) was a 13th-century Iranian polymath and poet who made contributions to astronomy, mathematics, medicine, physics, music theory, philosophy and Sufism.

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R. Brent Tully

Richard Brent Tully (born March 9, 1943) is an astronomer at the Institute for Astronomy in Honolulu, Hawaii.

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Rachel Webster

Rachel Webster (born 3 July 1951) is an Australian astrophysicist who became the second female professor of physics in Australia.

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Radha Gobinda Chandra

Radhagobinda Chandra (রাধা গোবিন্দ চন্দ্র;July 16, 1878 - April 3, 1975) was a Bangladeshi-Indian astronomer.

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Radio astronomy

Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.

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Rafael Pacheco

Rafael Pacheco Hernández (born 1954 in Madrid) is a Spanish astronomer of Catalan origin and a prolific discoverer of asteroids, credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of numerous minor planets mostly in collaboration with astronomer Álvaro López-García.

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Rainer Spurzem

Rainer Spurzem is a German astronomer at the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut in Heidelberg, Germany.

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Rashid Sunyaev

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (Рәшит Гали улы Сөнәев, Раши́д Али́евич Сюня́ев; born 1 March 1943 in Tashkent, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian astrophysicist of Tatar descent.

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Raymond Smith Dugan

Raymond Smith Dugan (May 30, 1878 – August 31, 1940) was an American astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Regiomontanus

Johannes Müller von Königsberg (6 June 1436 – 6 July 1476), better known as Regiomontanus, was a mathematician and astronomer of the German Renaissance, active in Vienna, Buda and Nuremberg.

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Reiki Kushida

is a Japanese amateur astronomer, discoverer of supernovas such as 1991bg (the first visual discovery made by a female astronomer), and co-discoverer of 4875 Ingalls, a Flora asteroid from the main-belt.

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Riazuddin (physicist)

Riazuddin, also spelled as Riaz-Uddin (Urdu: رياض الدين;‎ 10 November 1930 – 9 September 2013), was a Pakistani theoretical physicist, specialising in high-energy physics and nuclear physics.

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Riccardo Giacconi

Riccardo Giacconi (born October 6, 1931) is an Italian Nobel Prize-winning astrophysicist who laid the foundations of X-ray astronomy.

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Richard A. Proctor

Richard Anthony Proctor (23 March 1837 – 12 September 1888) was an English astronomer.

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Richard Christopher Carrington

Richard Christopher Carrington (26 May 1826 – 27 November 1875) was an English amateur astronomer whose 1859 astronomical observations demonstrated the existence of solar flares as well as suggesting their electrical influence upon the Earth and its aurorae; and whose 1863 records of sunspot observations revealed the differential rotation of the Sun.

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Richard Martin West

Richard Martin West (born 1941) is a Danish astronomer and discoverer of astronomical objects with a long career at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and at the International Astronomical Union (IAU).

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Richard Sheepshanks

Richard Sheepshanks (30 July 1794, in Leeds – 4 August 1855, in Reading) was an English astronomer.

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Richard Tousey

Richard Tousey (May 18, 1908 – April 15, 1997) was an American astronomer.

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Richard van der Riet Woolley

Sir Richard van der Riet Woolley OBE FRS (24 April 1906 – 24 December 1986) was an English astronomer who became Astronomer Royal.

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Robert Burnham Jr.

Robert Burnham Jr. (June 16, 1931 – March 20, 1993) was an American astronomer, best known for writing the classic three-volume Burnham's Celestial Handbook.

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Robert Evans (astronomer)

Robert Owen Evans, OAM (born 20 February 1937) is a minister of the Uniting Church in Australia and an amateur astronomer who holds the record for visual discoveries of supernovae (42).

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Robert Gendler

Robert Gendler (born September 30, 1957) is an American amateur astronomer and astrophotographer.

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Robert George Harrington

Robert George Harrington (December 3, 1904 – June 15, 1987) was an American astronomer who worked at Palomar Observatory.

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Robert Grant Aitken

Robert Grant Aitken (December 31, 1864 – October 29, 1951) was an American astronomer.

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Robert H. Dicke

Robert Henry Dicke (May 6, 1916 – March 4, 1997) was an American physicist who made important contributions to the fields of astrophysics, atomic physics, cosmology and gravity.

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Robert H. McNaught

Robert H. McNaught (born in Scotland in 1956) is a Scottish-Australian astronomer at the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of the Australian National University (ANU).

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Robert Julius Trumpler

Robert Julius Trumpler (until 1915 Robert Trümpler, born October 2, 1886 in Zürich, Switzerland; died September 10, 1956 in Berkeley, United States) was a Swiss-American astronomer.

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Robert Kirshner

Robert P. Kirshner (born August 15, 1949) is an American astronomer, currently the Clowes Professor of Science at Harvard University.

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Robert Kraft (astronomer)

Robert Paul "Bob" Kraft (June 16, 1927 – May 26, 2015) was an American astronomer.

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Robert Luther

Karl Theodor Robert Luther (April 16, 1822 – February 15, 1900), normally published as Robert Luther, was a German astronomer.

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Robert S. McMillan (astronomer)

Robert S. McMillan is an astronomer at the University of Arizona, and heads the Spacewatch project, which studies minor planets.

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Robert Schommer

Robert A. Schommer (December 9, 1946 – December 12, 2001) was an American observational astronomer.

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Robert Sutton Harrington

Robert Sutton Harrington (October 21, 1942 – January 23, 1993) was an American astronomer who worked at the United States Naval Observatory (USNO).

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Robert T. A. Innes

Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes FRSE FRAS (10 November 1861 – 13 March 1933) was a Scottish astronomer best known for discovering Proxima Centauri in 1915, and numerous binary stars.

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Robert Woodrow Wilson

Robert Woodrow Wilson (born January 10, 1936) is an American astronomer, 1978 Nobel laureate in physics, who with Arno Allan Penzias discovered in 1964 the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB).

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Roger Davies (astrophysicist)

Roger Llewelyn Davies (born 13 January 1954) is a British astronomer and cosmologist, one of the so-called Seven Samurai collaboration who discovered an apparent concentration of mass in the Universe called the Great Attractor.

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Roger Joseph Boscovich

Roger Joseph Boscovich (Ruđer Josip Bošković,, Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich, Rodericus Iosephus Boscovicus; 18 May 1711 – 13 February 1787) was a Ragusan physicist, astronomer, mathematician, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian, Jesuit priest, and a polymath, Fairchild University website.

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Roger of Hereford

Roger of Hereford (sometimes Rogerus Herefordensis or Roger Infans or Roger Puer; flourished 1176–1198) was a medieval astronomer active in Hereford in the period 1178 to 1198.

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Roger Penrose

Sir Roger Penrose (born 8 August 1931) is an English mathematical physicist, mathematician and philosopher of science.

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Rogier Windhorst

Rogier Arnold Windhorst (born 1955) is an astronomer and a professor of physics and astronomy at Arizona State University.

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Ronald N. Bracewell

Ronald Newbold Bracewell AO (22 July 1921 – 12 August 2007) was the Lewis M. Terman Professor of Electrical Engineering of the Space, Telecommunications, and Radioscience Laboratory at Stanford University.

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Rosaly Lopes

Rosaly M. C. Lopes (born 8 January 1957 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a planetary geologist, volcanologist, an author of numerous scientific papers and several books, as well as a proponent of education.

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Rotation period

In astronomy, the rotation period of a celestial object is the time that it takes to complete one revolution around its axis of rotation relative to the background stars.

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Ruby Payne-Scott

Ruby Violet Payne-Scott, BSc(Phys) MSc DipEd(Syd) (28 May 1912 – 25 May 1981) was an Australian pioneer in radiophysics and radio astronomy, and was the first female radio astronomer.

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Rudolph Minkowski

Rudolph Minkowski (born Rudolf Leo Bernhard Minkowski;; May 28, 1895 – January 4, 1976) was a German-American astronomer.

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Russell Alan Hulse

Russell Alan Hulse (born November 28, 1950) is an American physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with his thesis advisor Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation".

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Rychard Bouwens

Rychard J. Bouwens is an associate professor at the University of Leiden.

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Sadao Sei

is a Japanese astronomer who discovered an asteroid in 1983.

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Sallie Baliunas

Sallie Louise Baliunas (born February 23, 1953) is a retired astrophysicist.

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Samad Rizvi

Syed Samad Hussain Rizvi (July 23, 1924 – December 17, 2009) was an astrologer.

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Samuel Molyneux

Samuel Molyneux FRS (16 July 1689 – 13 April 1728), son of William Molyneux, was an 18th-century member of the British parliament from Kew and an amateur astronomer whose work with James Bradley attempting to measure stellar parallax led to the discovery of the aberration of light.

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Samuel Pierpont Langley

Samuel Pierpont Langley (August 22, 1834 – February 27, 1906) was an American astronomer, physicist, inventor of the bolometer and aviation pioneer.

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Sandra Faber

Sandra Moore Faber (born December 28, 1944) is an astrophysicist known for her research on the evolution of galaxies.

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Satoru Otomo

is a Japanese dentist, amateur astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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Saul Adelman

Saul Joseph Adelman (born 18 November 1944 in Atlantic City) is an astronomer at The Citadel's Physics Department in Charleston, South Carolina.

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Saul Perlmutter

Saul Perlmutter (born September 22, 1959) is a U.S. astrophysicist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley.

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Schelte J. Bus

Schelte John "Bobby" Bus (born 1956) is an American astronomer and discoverer of minor planets at the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Hawaii and Deputy Director of NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) at the Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii, United States.

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Sebastian von Hoerner

Sebastian Rudolf Karl von Hoerner (15 April 1919 – 7 January 2003) was a German astrophysicist and radio astronomer.

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Seidai Miyasaka

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Seiji Ueda

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Serbia

Serbia (Србија / Srbija),Pannonian Rusyn: Сербия; Szerbia; Albanian and Romanian: Serbia; Slovak and Czech: Srbsko,; Сърбия.

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Sergey Belyavsky

Sergey Ivanovich Belyavsky (Серге́й Ива́нович Беля́вский; December 7, 1883 (Julian calendar: November 25) – October 13, 1953) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and a discoverer of 36 numbered minor planets.

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Seth Barnes Nicholson

Seth Barnes Nicholson (November 12, 1891 – July 2, 1963) was an American astronomer.

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Seth Shostak

Seth Shostak (born July 20, 1943) is an American astronomer, currently Senior Astronomer for the SETI Institute and former Director of Center for SETI Research when it was a separate department.

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Shōhei Suzuki

is a Japanese astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets.

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Shen Kuo

Shen Kuo (1031–1095), courtesy name Cunzhong (存中) and pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (夢溪翁),Yao (2003), 544.

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Sherburne Wesley Burnham

Sherburne Wesley Burnham (December 12, 1838 – March 11, 1921) was an American astronomer.

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Shi Shen

Shi Shen (fl. 4th century BC) was a Chinese astronomer and contemporary of Gan De born in the State of Wei, also known as the Shi Shenfu.

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Shibukawa Shunkai

, also known as Shibukawa Harumi, Yasui Santetsu II 二世保井算哲, and Motoi Santetsu 保井 算晢, was a Japanese scholar, go player and the first official astronomer appointed of the Edo period.

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Shigehisa Fujikawa

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Shigeru Inoda

was a Japanese ophthalmologist, surgeon and amateur astronomer.

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Shin Hirayama

was the first Japanese astronomer to discover an asteroid.

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Shinzo Shinjo

was a Japanese academic, physicist, astronomer and president of Kyoto University.

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Shuichi Nakano

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Shun-ei Izumikawa

is a Japanese astronomer and co-discoverer of 5239 Reiki and 27748 Vivianhoette, two main-belt asteroids he first observed together with astronomer Osamu Muramatsu at the Yatsugatake South Base Observatory near Hokuto, Yamanashi, in 1990 and 1991.

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Sidney van den Bergh

Sidney Van den Bergh, OC, FRS (born 20 May 1929 in Wassenaar) is a retired Canadian astronomer.

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Simon Marius

Simon Marius (Latinized from German Simon Mayr; January 20, 1573 – January 5, 1625) was a German astronomer.

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Simon Newcomb

Simon Newcomb (March 12, 1835 – July 11, 1909) was a Canadian–American astronomer, applied mathematician and autodidactic polymath, who was Professor of Mathematics in the U.S. Navy and at Johns Hopkins.

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Sir John Lubbock, 3rd Baronet

Sir John William Lubbock, 3rd Baronet FRS (26 March 1803 – 21 June 1865) was an English banker, barrister, mathematician and astronomer.

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Slovakia

Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

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SN 2010lt

SN 2010lt is a supernova located in the galaxy UGC 3378 in Camelopardalis.

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Somnath Bharadwaj

Somnath Bharadwaj (born 28 October 1964) is an Indian theoretical physicist who works on Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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South Vietnam

South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, Việt Nam Cộng Hòa), was a country that existed from 1955 to 1975 and comprised the southern half of what is now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Stefi Baum

Stefi Baum (born December 11, 1958 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American astronomer.

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Stephen Hawking

Stephen William Hawking (8 January 1942 – 14 March 2018) was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author, who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge at the time of his death.

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Steve Mandel

Steve Mandel is an amateur astronomer and astrophotographer.

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Su Song

Su Song (courtesy name: Zirong 子容) (1020–1101 AD) was a renowned Hokkien polymath who was described as a scientist, mathematician, statesman, astronomer, cartographer, horologist, medical doctor, pharmacologist, mineralogist, zoologist, botanist, mechanical and architectural engineer, poet, antiquarian, and ambassador of the Song Dynasty (960–1279).

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Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar FRS (19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian American astrophysicist who spent his professional life in the United States.

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Svante Arrhenius

Svante August Arrhenius (19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Nobel-Prize winning Swedish scientist, originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry.

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Svein Rosseland

Svein Rosseland (March 31, 1894, Kvam, Hardanger – January 19, 1985, Bærum) was a Norwegian astrophysicist and a pioneer in the field of theoretical astrophysics.

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Sylvain Arend

Sylvain Julien Victor Arend (6 August 1902 – 18 February 1992) was a Belgian astronomer born in Robelmont, Luxembourg province, Belgium.

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Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.

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Takao Kobayashi

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and an outstanding discoverer of minor planets who currently works at the Ōizumi Observatory.

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Takeo Hatanaka

was a Japanese radio astronomer.

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Takeshi Nagata

was a Japanese geophysicist.

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Takeshi Urata

was a Japanese astronomer.

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Takuo Kojima

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Tamara Smirnova

Tamara Mikhaylovna Smirnova (Тама́ра Миха́йловна Смирно́ва; 1935–2001) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets.

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Tarmo Oja

Tarmo Oja (born December 21, 1934 in Tallinn, Estonia) is a professor in astronomy at Uppsala University who studies galactic structure and variable stars.

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Terence Dickinson

Terence Dickinson CM (born 10 Nov 1943, Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian amateur astronomer and accomplished astrophotographer who lives near Yarker, Ontario, Canada.

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Tetsuo Kagawa

is a Japanese astronomer, staff member at the Gekko Observatory and discoverer of asteroids.

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Thābit ibn Qurra

(ثابت بن قره, Thebit/Thebith/Tebit; 826 – February 18, 901) was a Syrian Arab Sabian mathematician, physician, astronomer, and translator who lived in Baghdad in the second half of the ninth century during the time of Abbasid Caliphate.

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Thebe Medupe

Thebe Rodney Medupe (born 1973) is a South African astrophysicist and founding director of Astronomy Africa.

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Theodor Brorsen

Theodor Johan Christian Ambders Brorsen (July 29, 1819 – March 31, 1895) was a Danish astronomer.

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Thomas Bopp

Thomas Joel Bopp (October 15, 1949 – January 5, 2018) was an American astronomer best known as the co-discoverer of comet Hale–Bopp (with Alan Hale) in 1995.

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Thomas Cowling

Thomas George Cowling FRS (17 June 1906 – 16 June 1990) was an English astronomer.

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Thomas Digges

Thomas Digges (c. 1546 – 24 August 1595) was an English mathematician and astronomer.

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Thomas Gold

Thomas Gold (May 22, 1920June 22, 2004) was an Austrian-born astrophysicist, a professor of astronomy at Cornell University, a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the Royal Society (London).

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Thomas Harriot

Thomas Harriot (Oxford, c. 1560 – London, 2 July 1621), also spelled Harriott, Hariot or Heriot, was an English astronomer, mathematician, ethnographer and translator who made advances within the scientific field.

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Thomas Henderson (astronomer)

Thomas Henderson FRSE FRS FRAS (28 December 1798 – 23 November 1844) was a Scottish astronomer and mathematician noted for being the first person to measure the distance to Alpha Centauri, the major component of the nearest stellar system to Earth, the first to determine the parallax of a fixed star, and for being the first Astronomer Royal for Scotland.

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Thomas John Hussey

Thomas John Hussey (4 April 1792 – c. 1866) was an English clergyman and astronomer.

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Thomas William Webb

The Reverend Thomas William Webb (14 December 1807 – 19 May 1885) was a British astronomer.

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Thomas Wright (astronomer)

Thomas Wright (22 September 171125 February 1786) was an English astronomer, mathematician, instrument maker, architect and garden designer.

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Thomas Young (scientist)

Thomas Young FRS (13 June 1773 – 10 May 1829) was a British polymath and physician.

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Thorvald N. Thiele

Thorvald Nicolai Thiele (24 December 1838 – 26 September 1910) was a Danish astronomer and director of the Copenhagen Observatory.

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Tobias Mayer

Tobias Mayer (17 February 1723 – 20 February 1762) was a German astronomer famous for his studies of the Moon.

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Tom Bolton (astronomer)

Charles Thomas Bolton (born 1943) is an American astronomer who was one of the first astronomers to present strong evidence of the existence of a stellar-mass black hole.

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Tom Gehrels

Anton M.J. "Tom" Gehrels (February 21, 1925 – July 11, 2011) was a Dutch–American astronomer, Professor of Planetary Sciences, and Astronomer at the University of Arizona, Tucson.

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Tomimaru Okuni

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets at the Nanyo Observatory, Yamagata prefecture, Japan.

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Toru Kobayashi

is/was a Japanese astronomer.

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Toshimasa Furuta

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Toshiro Nomura

is a Japanese astronomer and co-discoverer of 13 asteroids with astronomers Kōyō Kawanishi and Matsuo Sugano.

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Tsuneo Niijima

is a Japanese astronomer.

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Tsutomu Seki

is a Japanese astronomer, born in Kōchi, Japan.

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Tully–Fisher relation

lenticular galaxies In astronomy, the Tully–Fisher relation (TFR) is an empirical relationship between the mass or intrinsic luminosity of a spiral galaxy and its angular velocity or emission line width.

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Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

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Tycho Brahe

Tycho Brahe (born Tyge Ottesen Brahe;. He adopted the Latinized form "Tycho Brahe" (sometimes written Tÿcho) at around age fifteen. The name Tycho comes from Tyche (Τύχη, meaning "luck" in Greek, Roman equivalent: Fortuna), a tutelary deity of fortune and prosperity of ancient Greek city cults. He is now generally referred to as "Tycho," as was common in Scandinavia in his time, rather than by his surname "Brahe" (a spurious appellative form of his name, Tycho de Brahe, only appears much later). 14 December 154624 October 1601) was a Danish nobleman, astronomer, and writer known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations.

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Typhoon Lee

Typhoon Lee (born 1948) is an astrophysicist and geochemist at Academia Sinica, Taiwan, where he specializes in isotope geochemistry and nuclear astrophysics.

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Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

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Ulugh Beg

Mīrzā Muhammad Tāraghay bin Shāhrukh (میرزا محمد طارق بن شاہ رخ, میرزا محمد تراغای بن شاہ رخ), better known as Ulugh Beg (March 22, 1394 in Sultaniyeh, Persia – October 27, 1449, Samarkand), was a Timurid ruler as well as an astronomer, mathematician and sultan.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Urbain Le Verrier

Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier (11 March 1811 – 23 September 1877) was a French mathematician who specialized in celestial mechanics and is best known for predicting the existence and position of Neptune using only mathematics.

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Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan, officially also the Republic of Uzbekistan (Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi), is a doubly landlocked Central Asian Sovereign state.

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Valentin Naboth

Valentin Naboth (also spelled Valentine Naibod or Nabod) (13 February 1523 – 3 March 1593), known by the latinized name Valentinus Nabodus, was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer.

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Vedanga Jyotisha

The, or Jyotiṣavedāṅga (Devanagari: वेदाङ्ग ज्योतिष), is one of earliest known Indian texts on astronomy and astrology (Jyotisha).

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Vera Rubin

Vera Florence Cooper Rubin (July 23, 1928 – December 25, 2016) was an American astronomer who pioneered work on galaxy rotation rates.

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Vesto Slipher

Vesto Melvin Slipher (November 11, 1875 – November 8, 1969) was an American astronomer who performed the first measurements of radial velocities for galaxies, providing the empirical basis for the expansion of the universe.

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Victor Ambartsumian

Victor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian (Ви́ктор Амаза́спович Амбарцумя́н; Վիկտոր Համազասպի Համբարձումյան, Viktor Hamazaspi Hambardzumyan; 12 August 1996) was a Soviet Armenian scientist, and one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics.

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Viktor Knorre

Viktor Karlovich Knorre Виктор Карлович Кнорре(4 October 1840 – 25 August 1919) was a Russian astronomer of German ethnic origin.

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Vincenzo Cerulli

Vincenzo Cerulli (20 April 1859 – 30 May 1927) was an Italian astronomer and founder of the Collurania-Teramo Observatory in Teramo, central Italy, where he was born.

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Vinod Johri

Vinod Johri (10 June 1935 – 10 May 2014) was an Indian astrophysicist.

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Virginia Louise Trimble

Virginia Louise Trimble (born 1943) is an American astronomer specializing in the structure and evolution of stars and galaxies, and the history of astronomy.

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Vladimír Porubčan

Prof.

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Vladimir Albitsky

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky (Владимир Александрович Альбицкий) (June 16, 1891 – June 15, 1952) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

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Vladimir Shkodrov

Vladimir Georgiev Shkodrov (Владимир Георгиев Шкодров; 10 February 1930 – 31 August 2010) was a Bulgarian astronomer and professor at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.

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Walcher of Malvern

Walcher of Malvern, also known as Walcher of Lorraine or Doctor Walcher, was the second Prior of Malvern, England, and a noted astrologer-astronomer and mathematician.

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Wallace L. W. Sargent

Wallace Leslie William Sargent FRS (February 15, 1935 – October 29, 2012) was a British-born American astronomer and the Ira S. Bowen Professor of Astronomy at California Institute of Technology.

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Walter Baade

Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade (March 24, 1893 – June 25, 1960) was a German astronomer who worked in the United States from 1931 to 1959.

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Walter Sydney Adams

Walter Sydney Adams (December 20, 1876 – May 11, 1956) was an American astronomer.

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Waltraut Seitter

Waltraut Seitter (January 13, 1930 – November 15, 2007) was a German astronomer.

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Wei Pu

Wei Pu (Wade-Giles: Wei P'u) was an 11th-century Chinese astronomer of the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD).

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Wilhelm Anderson

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Wilhelm Beer

Wilhelm Wolff Beer (4 January 1797 – 27 March 1850) was a banker and astronomer from Berlin, Prussia, and the brother of Giacomo Meyerbeer.

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Wilhelm Julius Foerster

Wilhelm Julius Foerster (December 16, 1832 – January 18, 1921) was a German astronomer.

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Wilhelm Tempel

Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel (December 4, 1821 – March 16, 1889), normally known as Wilhelm Tempel, was a German astronomer who worked in Marseille until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, then later moved to Italy.

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Wilhelm von Biela

Baron Wilhelm von Biela (Wilhelm Freiherr von Biela; March 19, 1782 – February 18, 1856) was a German-Austrian military officer and amateur astronomer.

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Will Hay

Hay in ''The Ghost of St. Michael's'' (1941) William Thomson Hay (6 December 1888 – 18 April 1949) was an English comedian, actor, author, film director and amateur astronomer who came to notice for his theatrical sketch as a jocular schoolmaster, known as Dr.

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Willebrord Snellius

Willebrord Snellius (born Willebrord Snel van Royen) (13 June 158030 October 1626) was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician, known in the English-speaking world as Snell.

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Willem de Sitter

Willem de Sitter (6 May 1872 – 20 November 1934) was a Dutch mathematician, physicist, and astronomer.

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Willem Jacob Luyten

Willem Jacob Luyten (March 7, 1899 – November 21, 1994) was a Dutch-American astronomer.

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William A. Bradfield

William Ashley Bradfield (20 June 1927 – 9 June 2014) was a New Zealand-born Australian amateur astronomer, notable as a prolific amateur discoverer of comets.

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William Alfred Fowler

William Alfred "Willy" Fowler (August 9, 1911 – March 14, 1995) was an American nuclear physicist, later astrophysicist, who, with Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar won the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics.

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William Cranch Bond

William Cranch Bond (9 September 1789 – 29 January 1859) was an American astronomer, and the first director of Harvard College Observatory.

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William Frederick Denning

William Frederick Denning (25 November 1848 – 9 June 1931) was a British amateur astronomer who achieved considerable success without formal scientific training.

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William Henry Pickering

William Henry Pickering (February 15, 1858 – January 16, 1938) was an American astronomer.

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William Henry Smyth

Admiral William Henry Smyth KFM DCL FRS FRAS FRGS FSA (21 January 1788 – 8 September 1865) was a Royal Navy officer, hydrographer, astronomer and numismatist.

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William Herschel

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William Huggins

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William Kenneth Hartmann

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William Lassell

William Lassell, (18 June 1799 – 5 October 1880) was an English merchant and astronomer.

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William McCrea (astronomer)

Sir William Hunter McCrea FRS FRSE PRAS (13 December 1904 – 25 April 1999) was an English astronomer and mathematician.

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William Parsons

William Parsons may refer to.

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William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse

William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse HFRSE (17 June 1800 – 31 October 1867) was an Anglo-Irish astronomer who had several telescopes built.

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William Robert Brooks

William Robert Brooks (June 11, 1844 – May 3, 1921) was a British-born American astronomer, mainly noted as being one of the most prolific discoverers of new comets of all time, second only to Jean-Louis Pons.

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William Rutter Dawes

William Rutter Dawes (19 March 1799 – 15 February 1868) was an English astronomer.

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William Wales (astronomer)

William Wales (1734? – 29 December 1798) was a British mathematician and astronomer who sailed with Captain Cook on two voyages of discovery, then became Master of the Royal Mathematical School at Christ's Hospital and a Fellow of the Royal Society.

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William Wallace Campbell

William Wallace Campbell (April 11, 1862 – June 14, 1938) was an American astronomer, and director of Lick Observatory from 1901 to 1930.

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William Wilson Morgan

William Wilson Morgan (January 3, 1906 – June 21, 1994) was an American astronomer and astrophysicist.

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Williamina Fleming

Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming (May 15, 1857 – May 21, 1911) was a Scottish-American astronomer.

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Wolf Bickel

Wolf Bickel (born 6 July 1942, Bensberg) is a German amateur astronomer and a prolific discoverer of asteroids, observing at his private Bergisch Gladbach Observatory, Germany.

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Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich

Yakov Borisovich Zel’dovich (Я́каў Бары́савіч Зяльдо́віч, Я́ков Бори́сович Зельдо́вич; 8 March 1914 – 2 December 1987), also known as YaB, was a Soviet physicist of Belarusian Jewish ethnicity, who is known for his prolific contributions in cosmology and the physics of thermonuclear and hydrodynamical phenomena.

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Yasuo Tanaka (astronomer)

was a Japanese astrophysicist and a member of the Japan Academy.

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Yi Xing

Yi Xing (683–727), born Zhang Sui, was a Chinese astronomer, mathematician, mechanical engineer and Buddhist monk of the Tang dynasty (618–907).

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Yoji Kondo

was a Japanese-born American astrophysicist who also wrote science fiction under the pseudonym Eric Kotani.

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Yoshiaki Banno

was a Japanese astronomer and co-discover of 4200 Shizukagozen, an asteroid of the main-belt.

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Yoshiaki Oshima

(born 1952) is a Japanese astronomer at Gekko Observatory and prolific discoverer of 61 asteroids as credited by the Minor Planet Center, and include the binary asteroid 4383 Suruga, the potentially hazardous object (7753) 1988 XB and the Jupiter trojan.

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Yoshikane Mizuno

is a Japanese astronomer and co-discoverer of asteroids.

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Yoshio Kushida

is a Japanese seismologist, amateur astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets.

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Yoshisada Shimizu

is a Japanese amateur astronomer and a prolific discoverer of hundreds of asteroids since 1993.

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Yrjö Väisälä

Yrjö Väisälä (6 September 1891 in Utra, Kontiolahti, Grand Duchy of Finland – 21 July 1971 in Rymättylä, Finland) was a Finnish astronomer and physicist.

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Yuji Hyakutake

was a Japanese amateur astronomer who discovered Comet C/1996 B2, also known as Comet Hyakutake on January 31, 1996 while using 25×150 binoculars.

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Yusuke Hagihara

was a Japanese astronomer noted for his contributions to celestial mechanics.

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Yvon Villarceau

Antoine-Joseph Yvon Villarceau (15 January 1813 – 23 December 1883) was a French astronomer, mathematician, and engineer.

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Zdeňka Vávrová

Zdeňka Vávrová (born 1945) is a Czech astronomer.

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Zdeněk Kopal

Zdeněk Kopal (April 4, 1914 – June 23, 1993) was a Czech astronomer who mainly worked in England.

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Zhang Daqing

Zhang Daqing (张大庆) (born October 23, 1969) is a Chinese amateur astronomer.

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Zhang Heng

Zhang Heng (AD 78–139), formerly romanized as Chang Heng, was a Han Chinese polymath from Nanyang who lived during the Han dynasty.

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Zhang Yuzhe

Zhang Yuzhe (16 February 1902 – 21 July 1986) was a Chinese astronomer and director of the Purple Mountain Observatory who is widely regarded as the father of modern Chinese astronomy.

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Zoltán Balog (astronomer)

Zoltán Balog, PhD (born 1972 in Szolnok, Hungary) is an astronomer with the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, Germany.

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Zu Chongzhi

Zu Chongzhi (429–500 AD), courtesy name Wenyuan, was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, writer and politician during the Liu Song and Southern Qi dynasties.

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Redirects here:

Astrophysicists, List of astrophysicists.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_astronomers