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222 relations: Abundance of elements in Earth's crust, Actinium, Albert Einstein, Alfred Nobel, Aluminium, Aluminium oxide, Americas, Americium, Antimony, Argon, Arsenic, Astatine, Atom, Atomic nucleus, Atomic number, Barium, Berkeley, California, Berkelium, Beryl, Beryllium, Bismuth, Bohrium, Boiling point, Borax, Boron, Bromine, Cadmium, Cadmus, Caesium, Calcium, California, Californium, Carbon, Ceres (dwarf planet), Cerium, Chemical element, Chlorine, Chromium, Cobalt, Copenhagen, Copernicium, Copper, Cubic centimetre, Curium, Darmstadt, Darmstadtium, Density, Dmitri Mendeleev, Dubna, Dubnium, ..., Dysprosium, Einsteinium, Electronegativity, English language, Enrico Fermi, Erbium, Ernest Lawrence, Ernest Rutherford, Europe, Europium, Fermium, Flerovium, Fluorine, France, Francium, Freyja, Gadolinium, Gallium, Georgy Flyorov, German language, Germanium, Germany, Glenn T. Seaborg, Gold, Gram, Greece, Greek language, Group (periodic table), Hafnium, Half-life, Hassium, Heat capacity, Helium, Hesse, Holmium, Hydrogen, Indigo, Indium, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Iodine, Iridium, Iris (mythology), Iron, Japan, Japanese language, Jargoon, Johan Gadolin, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joule, Kelvin, Krypton, Lanthanum, Latin, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lawrencium, Lead, Lise Meitner, List of chemical element name etymologies, List of people whose names are used in chemical element names, List of places used in the names of chemical elements, Lithium, Livermore, California, Livermorium, Lutetium, Magnesia (regional unit), Magnesium, Manganese, Marie Curie, Meitnerium, Melting point, Mendelevium, Mercury (element), Mercury (mythology), Molybdenum, Moscovium, Moscow Oblast, Neodymium, Neon, Neptune, Neptunium, New Latin, Nickel, Nicolaus Copernicus, Niels Bohr, Nihonium, Niobe, Niobium, Niter, Nitrogen, Nobelium, Oganesson, Old Norse, Osmium, Oxygen, Palladium, Paris, Period (periodic table), Phosphorus, Pierre Curie, Platinum, Pluto, Plutonium, Poland, Polonium, Potassium, Praseodymium, Prometheus, Promethium, Protactinium, Proton, Radioactive decay, Radium, Radon, Relative atomic mass, Rhenium, Rhine, Rhodium, Roentgenium, Rubidium, Russia, Ruthenium, Rutherfordium, Samarium, Samarskite-(Y), Scandinavia, Scandium, Scotland, Seaborgium, Selenium, Silicon, Silver, Sodium, Spanish language, Stockholm, Strontian, Strontium, Sulfur, Sweden, Symbol (chemistry), Tantalum, Tantalus, Technetium, Tellurium, Tennessee, Tennessine, Terbium, Thallium, Thessaly, Thor, Thorium, Thule, Thulium, Timeline of chemical element discoveries, Tin, Titan (mythology), Titanium, Transuranium element, Tungsten, Uncertainty, Unified atomic mass unit, Uranium, Uranus, Vanadium, Wilhelm Röntgen, Xenon, Ytterbium, Ytterby, Yttrium, Yuri Oganessian, Zinc, Zirconium, 2 Pallas. Expand index (172 more) »
Abundance of elements in Earth's crust
The abundance of elements in Earth's crust is shown in tabulated form with the estimated crustal abundance for each chemical element shown as either percentage or parts per million (ppm) by mass (10,000 ppm.
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Actinium
Actinium is a chemical element with symbol Ac and atomic number 89.
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Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).
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Alfred Nobel
Alfred Bernhard Nobel (21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist.
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Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
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Aluminium oxide
Aluminium oxide (British English) or aluminum oxide (American English) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula 23.
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Americas
The Americas (also collectively called America)"America." The Oxford Companion to the English Language.
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Americium
Americium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Am and atomic number 95.
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Antimony
Antimony is a chemical element with symbol Sb (from stibium) and atomic number 51.
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Argon
Argon is a chemical element with symbol Ar and atomic number 18.
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Arsenic
Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33.
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Astatine
Astatine is a radioactive chemical element with symbol At and atomic number 85.
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Atom
An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.
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Atomic nucleus
The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.
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Atomic number
The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.
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Barium
Barium is a chemical element with symbol Ba and atomic number 56.
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Berkeley, California
Berkeley is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County, California.
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Berkelium
Berkelium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element with symbol Bk and atomic number 97.
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Beryl
Beryl is a mineral composed of beryllium aluminium cyclosilicate with the chemical formula Be3Al2(SiO3)6.
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Beryllium
Beryllium is a chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4.
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Bismuth
Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83.
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Bohrium
Bohrium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Bh and atomic number 107.
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Boiling point
The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor.
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Borax
Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and a salt of boric acid.
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Boron
Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5.
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Bromine
Bromine is a chemical element with symbol Br and atomic number 35.
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Cadmium
Cadmium is a chemical element with symbol Cd and atomic number 48.
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Cadmus
In Greek mythology, Cadmus (Κάδμος Kadmos), was the founder and first king of Thebes.
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Caesium
Caesium (British spelling and IUPAC spelling) or cesium (American spelling) is a chemical element with symbol Cs and atomic number 55.
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Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
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California
California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.
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Californium
Californium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Cf and atomic number 98.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Ceres (dwarf planet)
Ceres (minor-planet designation: 1 Ceres) is the largest object in the asteroid belt that lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, slightly closer to Mars' orbit.
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Cerium
Cerium is a chemical element with symbol Ce and atomic number 58.
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Chemical element
A chemical element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei (that is, the same atomic number, or Z).
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Chlorine
Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.
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Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
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Cobalt
Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27.
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Copenhagen
Copenhagen (København; Hafnia) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark.
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Copernicium
Copernicium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Cn and atomic number 112.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Cubic centimetre
A cubic centimetre (or cubic centimeter in US English) (SI unit symbol: cm3; non-SI abbreviations: cc and ccm) is a commonly used unit of volume that extends the derived SI-unit cubic metre, and corresponds to the volume of a cube that measures 1 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm.
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Curium
Curium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element with symbol Cm and atomic number 96.
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Darmstadt
Darmstadt is a city in the state of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region).
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Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Ds and atomic number 110.
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Density
The density, or more precisely, the volumetric mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume.
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Dmitri Mendeleev
Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (a; 8 February 18342 February 1907 O.S. 27 January 183420 January 1907) was a Russian chemist and inventor.
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Dubna
Dubna (p) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia.
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Dubnium
Dubnium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Db and atomic number 105.
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Dysprosium
Dysprosium is a chemical element with symbol Dy and atomic number 66.
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Einsteinium
Einsteinium is a synthetic element with symbol Es and atomic number 99.
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Electronegativity
Electronegativity, symbol ''χ'', is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons (or electron density) towards itself.
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English language
English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.
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Enrico Fermi
Enrico Fermi (29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian-American physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1.
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Erbium
Erbium is a chemical element with symbol Er and atomic number 68.
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Ernest Lawrence
Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958) was a pioneering American nuclear scientist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939 for his invention of the cyclotron.
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Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, HFRSE LLD (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand-born British physicist who came to be known as the father of nuclear physics.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Europium
Europium is a chemical element with symbol Eu and atomic number 63.
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Fermium
Fermium is a synthetic element with symbol Fm and atomic number 100.
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Flerovium
Flerovium is a superheavy artificial chemical element with symbol Fl and atomic number 114.
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Fluorine
Fluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Francium
Francium is a chemical element with symbol Fr and atomic number 87.
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Freyja
In Norse mythology, Freyja (Old Norse for "(the) Lady") is a goddess associated with love, sex, beauty, fertility, gold, seiðr, war, and death.
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Gadolinium
Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64.
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Gallium
Gallium is a chemical element with symbol Ga and atomic number 31.
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Georgy Flyorov
Georgy Nikolayevich Flyorov (p; 2 March 1913 – 19 November 1990) was a Russian physicist who is known for his discovery of spontaneous fission and his contribution towards the physics of thermal reactions.
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German language
German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.
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Germanium
Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32.
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Glenn T. Seaborg
Glenn Theodore Seaborg (April 19, 1912February 25, 1999) was an American chemist whose involvement in the synthesis, discovery and investigation of ten transuranium elements earned him a share of the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
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Gold
Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.
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Gram
The gram (alternative spelling: gramme; SI unit symbol: g) (Latin gramma, from Greek γράμμα, grámma) is a metric system unit of mass.
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Greece
No description.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Group (periodic table)
In chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements.
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Hafnium
Hafnium is a chemical element with symbol Hf and atomic number 72.
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Half-life
Half-life (symbol t1⁄2) is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value.
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Hassium
Hassium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Hs and atomic number 108.
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Heat capacity
Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a measurable physical quantity equal to the ratio of the heat added to (or removed from) an object to the resulting temperature change.
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Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.
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Hesse
Hesse or Hessia (Hessen, Hessian dialect: Hesse), officially the State of Hesse (German: Land Hessen) is a federal state (''Land'') of the Federal Republic of Germany, with just over six million inhabitants.
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Holmium
Holmium is a chemical element with symbol Ho and atomic number 67.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Indigo
Indigo is a deep and rich color close to the color wheel blue (a primary color in the RGB color space), as well as to some variants of ultramarine.
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Indium
Indium is a chemical element with symbol In and atomic number 49.
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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations that represents chemists in individual countries.
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Iodine
Iodine is a chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53.
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Iridium
Iridium is a chemical element with symbol Ir and atomic number 77.
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Iris (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Iris (Ἶρις) is the personification of the rainbow and messenger of the gods.
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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Japan
Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.
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Japanese language
is an East Asian language spoken by about 128 million people, primarily in Japan, where it is the national language.
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Jargoon
Jargoon or jargon (occasionally in old writings jargounce and jacounce) is a name applied by gemologists to those zircons which are fine enough to be cut as gemstones, but are not of the red color which characterizes the hyacinth or jacinth.
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Johan Gadolin
Johan Gadolin (5 June 1760 – 15 August 1852) was a Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist.
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Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Объединённый институт ядерных исследований, ОИЯИ), in Dubna, Moscow Oblast (110 km north of Moscow), Russia, is an international research center for nuclear sciences, with 5500 staff members, 1200 researchers including 1000 Ph.Ds from eighteen member states (including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus and Kazakhstan).
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Joule
The joule (symbol: J) is a derived unit of energy in the International System of Units.
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Kelvin
The Kelvin scale is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics.
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Krypton
Krypton (from translit "the hidden one") is a chemical element with symbol Kr and atomic number 36.
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Lanthanum
Lanthanum is a chemical element with symbol La and atomic number 57.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is an American federal research facility in Livermore, California, United States, founded by the University of California, Berkeley in 1952.
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Lawrencium
Lawrencium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Lr (formerly Lw) and atomic number 103.
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Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
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Lise Meitner
Lise Meitner (7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was an Austrian-Swedish physicist who worked on radioactivity and nuclear physics.
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List of chemical element name etymologies
This is the list of etymologies for all chemical element names.
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List of people whose names are used in chemical element names
Below is the list of people whose names are used in chemical element names.
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List of places used in the names of chemical elements
40 of the 118 chemical elements have names associated with, or specifically named for, places around the world or among astronomical objects.
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Lithium
Lithium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol Li and atomic number 3.
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Livermore, California
Livermore (formerly Livermores, Livermore Ranch, and Nottingham) is a city in Alameda County, California, in the United States.
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Livermorium
Livermorium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Lv and atomic number 116.
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Lutetium
Lutetium is a chemical element with symbol Lu and atomic number 71.
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Magnesia (regional unit)
Magnesia (Μαγνησία, Magnisía), deriving from the tribe name Magnetes, is one of the regional units of Greece.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
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Marie Curie
Marie Skłodowska Curie (born Maria Salomea Skłodowska; 7 November 18674 July 1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity.
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Meitnerium
Meitnerium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Mt and atomic number 109.
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Melting point
The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure.
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Mendelevium
Mendelevium is a synthetic element with chemical symbol Md (formerly Mv) and atomic number 101.
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Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
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Mercury (mythology)
Mercury (Latin: Mercurius) is a major god in Roman religion and mythology, being one of the Dii Consentes within the ancient Roman pantheon.
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Molybdenum
Molybdenum is a chemical element with symbol Mo and atomic number 42.
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Moscovium
Moscovium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Mc and atomic number 115.
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Moscow Oblast
Moscow Oblast (p), or Podmoskovye (p, literally "around/near Moscow"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).
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Neodymium
Neodymium is a chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60.
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Neon
Neon is a chemical element with symbol Ne and atomic number 10.
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Neptune
Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System.
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Neptunium
Neptunium is a chemical element with symbol Np and atomic number 93.
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New Latin
New Latin (also called Neo-Latin or Modern Latin) was a revival in the use of Latin in original, scholarly, and scientific works between c. 1375 and c. 1900.
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Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.
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Nicolaus Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik; Nikolaus Kopernikus; Niklas Koppernigk; 19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe, likely independently of Aristarchus of Samos, who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier.
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Niels Bohr
Niels Henrik David Bohr (7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.
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Nihonium
Nihonium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Nh and atomic number 113.
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Niobe
In Greek mythology, Niobe (Νιόβη) was a daughter of Tantalus and of either Dione, the most frequently cited, or of Eurythemista or Euryanassa, and the sister of Pelops and Broteas.
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Niobium
Niobium, formerly known as columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41.
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Niter
Niter, or nitre (chiefly British), is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO3, also known as saltpeter or saltpetre.
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Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.
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Nobelium
Nobelium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol No and atomic number 102.
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Oganesson
Oganesson is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Og and atomic number 118.
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Old Norse
Old Norse was a North Germanic language that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements from about the 9th to the 13th century.
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Osmium
Osmium (from Greek ὀσμή osme, "smell") is a chemical element with symbol Os and atomic number 76.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Palladium
Palladium is a chemical element with symbol Pd and atomic number 46.
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Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
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Period (periodic table)
A period in the periodic table is a horizontal row.
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Phosphorus
Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15.
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Pierre Curie
Pierre Curie (15 May 1859 – 19 April 1906) was a French physicist, a pioneer in crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity and radioactivity.
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Platinum
Platinum is a chemical element with symbol Pt and atomic number 78.
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Pluto
Pluto (minor planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune.
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Plutonium
Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Pu and atomic number 94.
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Poland
Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.
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Polonium
Polonium is a chemical element with symbol Po and atomic number 84.
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Potassium
Potassium is a chemical element with symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number 19.
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Praseodymium
Praseodymium is a chemical element with symbol Pr and atomic number 59.
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Prometheus
In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Προμηθεύς,, meaning "forethought") is a Titan, culture hero, and trickster figure who is credited with the creation of man from clay, and who defies the gods by stealing fire and giving it to humanity, an act that enabled progress and civilization.
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Promethium
Promethium is a chemical element with symbol Pm and atomic number 61.
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Protactinium
Protactinium (formerly protoactinium) is a chemical element with symbol Pa and atomic number 91.
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Proton
| magnetic_moment.
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Radioactive decay
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay or radioactivity) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, gamma ray, or electron in the case of internal conversion.
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Radium
Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88.
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Radon
Radon is a chemical element with symbol Rn and atomic number 86.
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Relative atomic mass
Relative atomic mass (symbol: A) or atomic weight is a dimensionless physical quantity defined as the ratio of the average mass of atoms of a chemical element in a given sample to one unified atomic mass unit.
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Rhenium
Rhenium is a chemical element with symbol Re and atomic number 75.
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Rhine
--> The Rhine (Rhenus, Rein, Rhein, le Rhin,, Italiano: Reno, Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland and the Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea.
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Rhodium
Rhodium is a chemical element with symbol Rh and atomic number 45.
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Roentgenium
Roentgenium is a chemical element with symbol Rg and atomic number 111.
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Rubidium
Rubidium is a chemical element with symbol Rb and atomic number 37.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Ruthenium
Ruthenium is a chemical element with symbol Ru and atomic number 44.
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Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Rf and atomic number 104, named after physicist Ernest Rutherford.
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Samarium
Samarium is a chemical element with symbol Sm and atomic number 62.
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Samarskite-(Y)
Samarskite is a radioactive rare earth mineral series which includes samarskite-(Y) with formula: (YFe3+Fe2+U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8 and samarskite-(Yb) with formula (YbFe3+)2(Nb,Ta)2O8.
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Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural and linguistic ties.
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Scandium
Scandium is a chemical element with symbol Sc and atomic number 21.
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Scotland
Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.
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Seaborgium
Seaborgium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Sg and atomic number 106.
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Selenium
Selenium is a chemical element with symbol Se and atomic number 34.
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Silicon
Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14.
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Silver
Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag (from the Latin argentum, derived from the Proto-Indo-European ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47.
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Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.
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Spanish language
Spanish or Castilian, is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in Latin America and Spain.
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Stockholm
Stockholm is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries; 952,058 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area, and 2.3 million in the metropolitan area.
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Strontian
Strontian (Sròn an t-Sìthein) is the main village in Sunart, an area in western Lochaber, Highland, Scotland, on the A861 road.
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Strontium
Strontium is the chemical element with symbol Sr and atomic number 38.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Sweden
Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.
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Symbol (chemistry)
In relation to the chemical elements, a symbol is a code for a chemical element.
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Tantalum
Tantalum is a chemical element with symbol Ta and atomic number 73.
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Tantalus
Tantalus (Τάνταλος Tántalos) was a Greek mythological figure, most famous for his eternal punishment in Tartarus.
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Technetium
Technetium is a chemical element with symbol Tc and atomic number 43.
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Tellurium
Tellurium is a chemical element with symbol Te and atomic number 52.
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Tennessee
Tennessee (translit) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States.
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Tennessine
Tennessine is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Ts and atomic number 117.
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Terbium
Terbium is a chemical element with symbol Tb and atomic number 65.
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Thallium
Thallium is a chemical element with symbol Tl and atomic number 81.
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Thessaly
Thessaly (Θεσσαλία, Thessalía; ancient Thessalian: Πετθαλία, Petthalía) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name.
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Thor
In Norse mythology, Thor (from Þórr) is the hammer-wielding god of thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, the protection of mankind, in addition to hallowing, and fertility.
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Thorium
Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90.
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Thule
Thule (Θούλη, Thoúlē; Thule, Tile) was the place located furthest north, which was mentioned in ancient Greek and Roman literature and cartography.
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Thulium
Thulium is a chemical element with symbol Tm and atomic number 69.
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Timeline of chemical element discoveries
The discovery of the 118 chemical elements known to exist today is presented here in chronological order.
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Tin
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from stannum) and atomic number 50.
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Titan (mythology)
In Greek mythology, the Titans (Greek: Τιτάν, Titán, Τiτᾶνες, Titânes) and Titanesses (or Titanides; Greek: Τιτανίς, Titanís, Τιτανίδες, Titanídes) were members of the second generation of divine beings, descending from the primordial deities and preceding the Olympians.
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Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22.
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Transuranium element
The transuranium elements (also known as transuranic elements) are the chemical elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 (the atomic number of uranium).
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Tungsten
Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W (referring to wolfram) and atomic number 74.
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Uncertainty
Uncertainty has been called "an unintelligible expression without a straightforward description".
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Unified atomic mass unit
The unified atomic mass unit or dalton (symbol: u, or Da) is a standard unit of mass that quantifies mass on an atomic or molecular scale (atomic mass).
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Uranium
Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.
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Uranus
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun.
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Vanadium
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23.
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Wilhelm Röntgen
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.
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Xenon
Xenon is a chemical element with symbol Xe and atomic number 54.
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Ytterbium
Ytterbium is a chemical element with symbol Yb and atomic number 70.
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Ytterby
Ytterby is a village on the Swedish island of Resarö, in Vaxholm Municipality in the Stockholm archipelago.
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Yttrium
Yttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39.
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Yuri Oganessian
Yuri Tsolakovich Oganessian (Юрий Цолакович Оганесян, Յուրի Ցոլակի Հովհաննիսյան; born 14 April 1933) is a Russian nuclear physicist of Armenian descent, who is considered the world's leading researcher in superheavy chemical elements.
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Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
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Zirconium
Zirconium is a chemical element with symbol Zr and atomic number 40.
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2 Pallas
Pallas, minor-planet designation 2 Pallas, is the second asteroid to have been discovered (after Ceres), and is one of the largest asteroids in the Solar System.
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Redirects here:
118 elements, Common elements and their symbols, Densest element, Element list, List of Elements by Name, List of atomic elements, List of chemical elements table, List of densities, List of elements, List of elements by atomic mass, List of elements by atomic number, List of elements by atomic symbol, List of elements by atomic weight, List of elements by boiling point, List of elements by density, List of elements by melting point, List of elements by name, List of elements by number, List of metals, Table of chemical elements, The densest element.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements
