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268 relations: Aamber Pegasus, ABC 80, ABC 800, Acer Inc., Acorn A7000, Acorn Archimedes, Acorn Atom, Acorn Computers, Acorn Electron, Agat (computer), Altair 8800, Amiga, Amstrad, Amstrad CPC, Amstrad PCW, ANTIC, APF Electronics Inc., APF Imagination Machine, Apple I, Apple II Plus, Apple II series, Apple IIc, Apple IIc Plus, Apple IIe, Apple IIGS, Apple Inc., Application-specific integrated circuit, Applied Technology, Applix 1616, Apricot Computers, ASCII (magazine), Aster CT-80, Atari, Atari 8-bit family, Atari Falcon, Atari ST, Atari TT030, Bally Astrocade, Bally Manufacturing, BBC Master, BBC Micro, Camputers Lynx, CARDboard Illustrative Aid to Computation, CCE MC-1000, Coleco, Coleco Adam, Color television, Colour Genie, Commodore 128, Commodore 16, ..., Commodore 64, Commodore International, Commodore MAX Machine, Commodore PET, Commodore Plus/4, Commodore VIC-20, Compact Cassette, Compucolor II, Compukit UK101, Comx-35, CTIA and GTIA, DAI Personal Computer, Dick Smith (retailer), Dick Smith Super-80 Computer, Didaktik, Digi-Comp I, Digi-Comp II, Dragon 32/64, Dragon Data, Dubna 48K, EACA, EDUC-8, EI Niš, Electronic kit, Electronika, Electronika BK, Elektor Junior Computer, Elektor TV Games Computer, Emagic, Enterprise (computer), Exidy, Exidy Sorcerer, Factory, Fairchild F8, Ferguson Big Board, Final good, Floppy disk, FM Towns, FM-7, Franklin Electronic Publishers, Front panel, Fujitsu, Galaksija (computer), Galeb (computer), Gate array, Geniac, Gradiente Expert, Grundy NewBrain, Heathkit H11, Heathkit H8, History of computer hardware in Soviet Bloc countries, Hobbit (computer), Home computer, Homebrew Computer Club, Homebuilt computer, Honeywell, IBM, IBM PCjr, IBM PS/1, IGB Eletrônica, IMKO-1, Intel 80186, Intel 8080, Intel 8086, Intel 8088, Interact Home Computer, IQ 151, Iskra-1030, Ivel Ultra, Ivel Z3, Jupiter Ace, Jupiter Cantab, KC 85, Kenbak-1, KIM-1, Komputer 2086, Lambda 8300, Laptop, LINK 480Z, List of Apple II clones, List of computers running CP/M, List of home computers by video hardware, List of Sinclair QL clones, List of Soviet computer systems, List of TRS-80 clones, List of ZX Spectrum clones, List of ZX80 and ZX81 clones, LNW-80, Luxor AB, MAŤO, Mainframe computer, Mark-8, Mass market, Matra, Matra Alice, Mattel, Mattel Aquarius, Memotech, Memotech MTX, Micro-Professor MPF-I, MicroAce, MicroBee, Microdigital Eletronica, Microprocessor, Microprocessor development board, Microprofessor III, Miles Gordon Technology, Minivac 601, MK14, MOS Technology 6502, MOS Technology 6510, MOS Technology 8502, Motorola 56000, Motorola 6800, Motorola 6800 family, Motorola 68000, Motorola 68008, Motorola 68030, Motorola 6809, MSX, Nascom (computer kit), NEC, NEC PC-100, Newbear 77-68, NTSC, Orao (computer), Oric, PAL, PC-6000 series, PC-8800 series, PC1512, Pecom 32, Pecom 64, Personal digital assistant, Phase-locked loop, Philips, Philips :YES, Philips P2000, Philips Videopac + G7400, PMD 85, Pocket computer, Poly-1, Popular Electronics, Pravets, Pravetz computers, Printed circuit board, Processor Technology, Programmable calculator, Prológica CP-400, PSI Comp 80, RadioShack, RCA 1802, Read-only memory, Regency Systems R2C, Replica 1, Research Machines 380Z, RF modulator, Robotron KC 87, Robotron Z1013, ROM cartridge, SAM Coupé, Second source, Sega, SG-1000, Sharp Corporation, Sharp MZ, Simon (computer), Sinclair QL, Sinclair Research, Single-board computer, Smartphone, Sord Computer Corporation, Sord M5, SWTPC, Tandy 1000, Tangerine Computer Systems, Tangerine Microtan 65, TEC-1, Technicolor SA, Teletext, Tesla (Czechoslovak company), Texas Instruments, Texas Instruments TI-99/4A, Texas Instruments TMS9900, Thomson MO5, Thomson TO7, Tiki 100, TIM-011, Timex Computer 2048, Timex Sinclair, Timex Sinclair 1000, Timex Sinclair 2048, Timex Sinclair 2068, TK82C, TK90X, Tomy, TRS-80, TRS-80 Color Computer, TRS-80 MC-10, TV Typewriter, Unisys ICON, VEB Robotron, Vector-06C, Video game, Video Genie, VideoBrain Family Computer, Videoton TV-Computer, VTech Laser 200, Wave Mate Bullet, WDC 65816/65802, WDC 65C02, X1 (computer), X68000, Zilog Z80, ZX Spectrum, ZX80, ZX81, 8-track tape. Expand index (218 more) »
Aamber Pegasus
Aamber Pegasus PCB with MONITOR 1.0, FORTH 1.1A and FORTH 1.1B EPROMs installed. The Aamber Pegasus is a home computer first produced in New Zealand in 1981 by Technosys Research Labs.
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ABC 80
The ABC 80 (Advanced BASIC Computer 80) was a personal computer engineered by the Swedish corporation Dataindustrier AB (DIAB) and manufactured by Luxor in Motala, Sweden in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
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ABC 800
The Luxor ABC 800 series are office-versions of the ABC 80 home computer.
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Acer Inc.
Acer Inc. (lit. Hongji Corporation Ltd.) is a Taiwanese multinational hardware and electronics corporation, specializing in advanced electronics technology, headquartered in Xizhi, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Acorn A7000
The A7000 and A7000+ were Acorn Computers' entry level computers based on the RiscPC architecture.
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Acorn Archimedes
The Acorn Archimedes is a family of personal computers designed by Acorn Computers Ltd in Cambridge (England) and sold in the late-1980s to mid-1990s, Acorn's first general-purpose home computer based on its own ARM architecture (initially the CPU and architecture was known as Acorn RISC Machine, or ARM; it later became one of the most widely used CPU architectures in the world, used in most smartphones among many other uses).
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Acorn Atom
The Acorn Atom is a home computer made by Acorn Computers Ltd from 1980 to 1982, when it was replaced by the BBC Micro.
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Acorn Computers
Acorn Computers Ltd. was a British computer company established in Cambridge, England, in 1978.
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Acorn Electron
The Acorn Electron is a budget version of the BBC Micro educational/home computer made by Acorn Computers Ltd.
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Agat (computer)
The Agat (Агат) was a series of 8-bit computers produced in the Soviet Union.
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Altair 8800
The Altair 8800 is a microcomputer designed in 1974 by MITS and based on the Intel 8080 CPU.
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Amiga
The Amiga is a family of personal computers introduced by Commodore in 1985.
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Amstrad
Amstrad is a British electronics company.
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Amstrad CPC
The Amstrad CPC (short for Colour Personal Computer) is a series of 8-bit home computers produced by Amstrad between 1984 and 1990.
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Amstrad PCW
The Amstrad PCW series is a range of personal computers produced by British company Amstrad from 1985 to 1998, and also sold under licence in Europe as the "Joyce" by the German electronics company Schneider in the early years of the series' life.
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ANTIC
Alphanumeric Television Interface Controller (ANTIC) is an LSI ASIC dedicated to generating 2D computer graphics to be shown on a television screen or computer display.
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APF Electronics Inc.
APF Electronics, Inc. was a publicly traded company in the United States dedicated to consumer electronics.
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APF Imagination Machine
The APF Imagination Machine is a combination home video game console and computer system released by APF Electronics Inc.
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Apple I
Apple Computer 1, also known later as the Apple I, or Apple-1, is a desktop computer released by the Apple Computer Company (now Apple Inc.) in 1976.
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Apple II Plus
The Apple II Plus (stylized as Apple.
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Apple II series
The Apple II series (trademarked with square brackets as "Apple.
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Apple IIc
The Apple IIc, the fourth model in the Apple II series of personal computers, is Apple Computer’s first endeavor to produce a portable computer.
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Apple IIc Plus
The Apple IIc Plus is the sixth and final model in the Apple II series of personal computers, produced by Apple Computer.
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Apple IIe
The Apple IIe (styled as Apple //e) is the third model in the Apple II series of personal computers produced by Apple Computer.
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Apple IIGS
The Apple IIGS (styled as II), the fifth and most powerful model of the Apple II family, is a 16-bit personal computer produced by Apple Computer, Inc.
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Apple Inc.
Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.
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Application-specific integrated circuit
An Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), is an integrated circuit (IC) customized for a particular use, rather than intended for general-purpose use.
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Applied Technology
Applied Technology, was founded by Owen Hill in 1975 in Australia.
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Applix 1616
The Applix 1616 was a kit computer with a Motorola 68000 CPU, produced by a small company called Applix in Sydney, Australia, from 1986 to the early 1990s.
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Apricot Computers
Apricot Computers was a British company that produced desktop personal computers in the mid-1980s.
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ASCII (magazine)
was a monthly released microcomputer magazine in Japan, published by ASCII Corporation from 1977.
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Aster CT-80
The Aster CT-80, an early (1982) home/personal computer developed by the small Dutch company MCP (later renamed to Aster Computers), was sold in its first incarnation as a kit for hobbyists.
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Atari
Atari is a corporate and brand name owned by several entities since its inception in 1972, currently by Atari Interactive, a subsidiary of the French publisher Atari, SA.
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Atari 8-bit family
The Atari 8-bit family is a series of 8-bit home computers introduced by Atari, Inc. in 1979 and manufactured until 1992.
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Atari Falcon
The Atari Falcon030 Computer System is a personal computer released by Atari Corporation in 1992.
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Atari ST
The Atari ST is a line of home computers from Atari Corporation and the successor to the Atari 8-bit family.
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Atari TT030
The Atari TT030 is a member of the Atari ST family, released in 1990.
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Bally Astrocade
The Astrocade is a second generation home video game console and simple computer system designed by a team at Midway, at that time the videogame division of Bally.
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Bally Manufacturing
Bally Manufacturing, later renamed Bally Entertainment, was an American company that began as a pinball and slot machine manufacturer, and later expanded into casinos, video games, health clubs, and theme parks.
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BBC Master
The BBC Master is a home computer released by Acorn Computers in early 1986.
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BBC Micro
The British Broadcasting Corporation Microcomputer System, or BBC Micro, is a series of microcomputers and associated peripherals designed and built by the Acorn Computer company for the BBC Computer Literacy Project, operated by the British Broadcasting Corporation.
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Camputers Lynx
The Lynx was an 8-bit British home computer that was first released in early 1983 as a 48 kB model.
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CARDboard Illustrative Aid to Computation
CARDIAC (CARDboard Illustrative Aid to Computation) is a learning aid developed by David Hagelbarger and Saul Fingerman for Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1968 to teach high school students how computers work.
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CCE MC-1000
The CCE MC-1000 was an obscure Home computer produced in Brazil by CCE (Comércio de Componentes Eletrônicos).
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Coleco
Coleco Industries, Inc. was an American company founded in 1932 by Maurice Greenberg as The Connecticut Leather Company.
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Coleco Adam
The Coleco Adam is a home computer, and expansion for the ColecoVision (port 3), released in 1983 by American toy and video game manufacturer Coleco Industries, Inc..
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Color television
Color/Colour television is a television transmission technology that includes information on the color of the picture, so the video image can be displayed in color on the television set.
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Colour Genie
The EACA EG2000 Colour Genie was a computer produced by Hong Kong-based manufacturer EACA and introduced in Germany in August 1982.
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Commodore 128
The Commodore 128, also known as the C128, C-128, C.
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Commodore 16
The Commodore 16 is a home computer made by Commodore International with a 6502-compatible 7501 or 8501 CPU, released in 1984 and intended to be an entry-level computer to replace the VIC-20.
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Commodore 64
The Commodore 64, also known as the C64 or the CBM 64, is an 8-bit home computer introduced in January 1982 by Commodore International (first shown at the Consumer Electronics Show, in Las Vegas, January 7–10, 1982).
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Commodore International
Commodore International (or Commodore International Limited) was an American home computer and electronics manufacturer founded by Jack Tramiel.
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Commodore MAX Machine
The Commodore MAX Machine, also known as Ultimax in the United States and VC-10 in Germany, is a home computer designed and sold by Commodore International in Japan, beginning in early 1982, a predecessor to the popular Commodore 64.
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Commodore PET
The Commodore PET (Personal Electronic Transactor) is a line of home/personal computers produced starting in 1977 by Commodore International.
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Commodore Plus/4
The Commodore Plus/4 is a home computer released by Commodore International in 1984.
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Commodore VIC-20
The VIC-20 (in Germany: VC-20; In Japan: VIC-1001) is an 8-bit home computer that was sold by Commodore Business Machines.
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Compact Cassette
The Compact Audio Cassette (CAC) or Musicassette (MC), also commonly called the cassette tape or simply tape or cassette, is an analog magnetic tape recording format for audio recording and playback.
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Compucolor II
The Compucolor was an early color home computer product introduced in 1977 by Compucolor Corporation of Norcross, Georgia.
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Compukit UK101
The Compukit UK101 microcomputer (1979) is a kit clone of the Ohio Scientific Superboard II single-board computer, with a few enhancements for the UK market - notably replacing the 24×24 (add guardband kit to give 32×32) screen display with a more useful 48×16 layout working at UK video frequencies.
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Comx-35
The COMX-35 was a home computer that was one of the very few systems to use the RCA 1802 microprocessor, the same microprocessor that is also used in some space probes.
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CTIA and GTIA
Color Television Interface Adaptor (CTIA) and its successor Graphic Television Interface Adaptor (GTIA) are custom chips used in the Atari 8-bit family of computers and in the Atari 5200 console.
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DAI Personal Computer
The DAI personal computer is a rare, early home computer from the Belgian company Data Applications International.
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Dick Smith (retailer)
Dick Smith Holdings Limited (formerly Dick Smith, Dick Smith Electronics or DSE) was, until 2016, an Australia-wide chain of retail stores that sold consumer electronics goods, hobbyist electronic components, and electronic project kits.
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Dick Smith Super-80 Computer
The Dick Smith Super-80 was a Zilog Z80 based kit computer developed as a joint venture between Electronics Australia magazine and Dick Smith Electronics.
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Didaktik
The Didaktik was a series of home computers based on the clones of Intel 8080 and Zilog Z80 processors produced in former Czechoslovakia.
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Digi-Comp I
The Digi-Comp I was a functioning, mechanical digital computer sold in kit form.
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Digi-Comp II
The Digi-Comp II was a toy computer invented by John Thomas Godfrey and manufactured by E.S.R., Inc. that used marbles rolling down a ramp to perform basic calculations.
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Dragon 32/64
The Dragon 32 and Dragon 64 are home computers that were built in the 1980s.
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Dragon Data
Dragon Data was a Welsh producer of home computers during the early 1980s.
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Dubna 48K
The Dubna 48K (Дубна 48К) is a Soviet clone of the ZX Spectrum home computer.
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EACA
EACA International Ltd was a Hong Kong manufacturer active from 1975 to 1983, producing Pong-style television video games, and later producing thousands of personal computers.
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EDUC-8
The EDUC-8, pronounced "educate", was an early microcomputer kit published by Electronics Australia in a series of articles starting in August 1974 and continuing to August 1975.
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EI Niš
EI Niš (full legal name: Holding-Korporacija Elektronska industrija a.d. Niš) or Electronics Industry Niš, is a holding company with headquarters in Niš, Serbia.
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Electronic kit
An electronic kit is a package of electrical components used to build an electronic device.
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Electronika
Electronika, also spelt Electronica, (Электроника) is the brand name used for many different electronic products built by factories belonging to the Soviet Ministry of Electronic Industry, including calculators, electronic watches, portable games, and radios.
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Electronika BK
The Electronika BK is a series of 16-bit PDP-11-compatible Soviet home computers developed under the Electronika brand by NPO Scientific Center, the leading Soviet microcomputer design team at the time.
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Elektor Junior Computer
The Elektor Junior Computer was a simple 6502-based microprocessor development board published in the 1980s in the Dutch, German and later French, Spanish and British versions of Elektor/Elektuur, in the form of a series of articles, and four books.
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Elektor TV Games Computer
The Elektor TV Games Computer (TVGC) was a programmable computer system sold by Elektor in kit form from 1979.
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Emagic
Emagic was a music software and hardware company based in Rellingen, Germany and a satellite office in Grass Valley, CA.
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Enterprise (computer)
The Enterprise is a Zilog Z80-based home computer first produced in 1985.
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Exidy
Exidy was one of the largest creators of arcade video games during the early period of video games, from 1974 until at least 1986 (when Chiller was released).
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Exidy Sorcerer
The Sorcerer is one of the early home computer systems, released in 1978 by the videogame company Exidy.
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Factory
A factory or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.
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Fairchild F8
The Fairchild F8 was an 8-bit microprocessor system created by Fairchild Semiconductor announced in 1974, shipped in 1975.
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Ferguson Big Board
The Big Board (1980) and Big Board II (1982) were Z80 based single-board computers designed by Jim Ferguson.
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Final good
In economics, any commodity which is produced and subsequently consumed by the consumer, to satisfy his current wants or needs, is a consumer good or final good.
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Floppy disk
A floppy disk, also called a floppy, diskette, or just disk, is a type of disk storage composed of a disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic enclosure lined with fabric that removes dust particles.
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FM Towns
system is a Japanese PC variant, built by Fujitsu from February 1989 to the summer of 1997.
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FM-7
The FM-7 ("Fujitsu Micro 7") is a home computer created by Fujitsu, first released in 1982, sold in Japan and Spain.
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Franklin Electronic Publishers
Franklin Electronic Publishers, Incorporated (formerly Franklin Computer Corporation) is an American consumer electronics manufacturer based in Burlington, New Jersey, founded in 1981.
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Front panel
A front panel was used on early electronic computers to display and allow the alteration of the state of the machine's internal registers and memory.
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Fujitsu
is a Japanese multinational information technology equipment and services company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.
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Galaksija (computer)
The Galaksija (pronounced Galaxiya, meaning Galaxy) was a build-it-yourself computer designed by Voja Antonić.
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Galeb (computer)
Galeb (en. Seagull) was an 8-bit computer developed by the PEL Varaždin company in Yugoslavia in the early 1980s.
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Gate array
A gate array is an approach to the design and manufacture of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) using a prefabricated chip with components that are later interconnected into logic devices (e.g. NAND gates, flip-flops,etc.) according to a custom order by adding metal interconnect layers in the factory.
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Geniac
Geniac was an educational toy billed as a "computer" designed and marketed by Edmund Berkeley, with Oliver Garfield from 1955 to 1958, but with Garfield continuing without Berkeley through the 1960s.
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Gradiente Expert
The Expert, made by Gradiente Eletrônica (to date best known as a game console and Hi-Fi equipment company) was the second and last MSX home computer launched in the Brazilian market, in the mid-1980s.
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Grundy NewBrain
The Grundy NewBrain was a microcomputer sold in the early 1980s by Grundy Business Systems Ltd of Teddington and Cambridge, England.
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Heathkit H11
The Heathkit H11 Computer was an early kit-format personal computer introduced in 1978.
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Heathkit H8
Heathkit's H8 is an Intel 8080-based microcomputer sold in kit form starting in 1977.
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History of computer hardware in Soviet Bloc countries
The history of computing hardware in the Soviet Bloc is somewhat different from that of the Western world.
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Hobbit (computer)
Hobbit (Хоббит) is a Soviet/Russian 8-bit home computer, based on the Sinclair ZX Spectrum hardware architecture.
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Home computer
Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s.
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Homebrew Computer Club
The Homebrew Computer Club was an early computer hobbyist group in Silicon Valley which met from March 5, 1975 to December 1986, and was depicted in the films Pirates of Silicon Valley (1999) and Jobs (2013), as well as the PBS documentary series, Triumph of the Nerds (1996).
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Homebuilt computer
A custom-built or homebuilt computer is a computer assembled from available components, usually commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, rather than purchased as a complete system from a computer system supplier, also known as pre-built systems.
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Honeywell
Honeywell International Inc. is an American multinational conglomerate company that produces a variety of commercial and consumer products, engineering services and aerospace systems for a wide variety of customers, from private consumers to major corporations and governments.
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IBM
The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.
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IBM PCjr
The IBM PCjr (read "PC junior") was IBM's first attempt to enter the home computer market.
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IBM PS/1
The IBM PS/1 is a brand for a line of personal computers that marked IBM's return to the home market in 1990, five years after the IBM PCjr.
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IGB Eletrônica
IGB Eletrônica S.A. (Portuguese for IGB Electronics), doing business as Gradiente, is a Brazilian consumer electronics company based in Manaus, and with offices in São Paulo.
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IMKO-1
The IMKO-1 (Индивидуален микро компютър (ИМКО-1),, Individual micro computer) was the first Bulgarian personal computer, built in 1979 in Pravetz, Bulgaria.
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Intel 80186
The Intel 80186, also known as the iAPX 186, or just 186, is a microprocessor and microcontroller introduced in 1982.
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Intel 8080
The Intel 8080 ("eighty-eighty") was the second 8-bit microprocessor designed and manufactured by Intel and was released in April 1974.
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Intel 8086
The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and mid-1978, when it was released.
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Intel 8088
The Intel 8088 ("eighty-eighty-eight", also called iAPX 88) microprocessor is a variant of the Intel 8086.
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Interact Home Computer
The Interact Home Computer is a rare, very early (1978) American home computer made by Interact Electronics Inc of Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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IQ 151
The IQ 151 was a personal computer produced by ZPA Nový Bor in the former Czechoslovakia.
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Iskra-1030
The Iskra 1030 (Искра 1030) was an Intel 8086 compatible personal computer produced in the USSR.
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Ivel Ultra
Ivel Ultra was an Apple II compatible computer developed by Ivasim in the 1980s.
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Ivel Z3
Ivel Z3 was an Apple IIe compatible computer developed by Ivasim in 1980s.
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Jupiter Ace
The Jupiter Ace was a British home computer of the early 1980s.
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Jupiter Cantab
Jupiter Cantab Limited was a Cambridge based home computer company.
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KC 85
The KC 85 ('KC' meaning "Kleincomputer", or "small computer") were models of microcomputers built in East Germany, first in 1984 by VEB Robotron (the KC 85/1) and later by VEB Mikroelektronik "Wilhelm Pieck" Mühlhausen (KC 85/2, KC 85/3 and KC 85/4).
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Kenbak-1
The Kenbak-1 is considered by the Computer History Museum and the American Computer Museum to be the world's first "personal computer", invented by John V. Blankenbaker (1930-) of Kenbak Corporation in 1970, and first sold in early 1971.
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KIM-1
The KIM-1, short for Keyboard Input Monitor, is a small 6502-based single-board computer developed and produced by MOS Technology, Inc. and launched in 1976.
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Komputer 2086
The Unipolbrit Komputer 2086 was a Polish version of the home computer Timex Sinclair 2068, produced by a joint venture of the Polish Unimor and Timex Computer of Portugal.
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Lambda 8300
The Lambda 8300 was a Sinclair ZX81 clone from Lambda Electronics Limited of Hong Kong.
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Laptop
A laptop, also called a notebook computer or just notebook, is a small, portable personal computer with a "clamshell" form factor, having, typically, a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid of the "clamshell" and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.
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LINK 480Z
The LINK 480Z was an 8-bit microcomputer produced by Research Machines Limited in Oxford, England, during the early 1980s.
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List of Apple II clones
The following is an incomplete list of clones of Apple's Apple II home computer.
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List of computers running CP/M
Many microcomputer makes and models could run some version or derivation of the CP/M disk operating system.
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List of home computers by video hardware
This is a list of home computers, sorted alphanumerically, which lists all relevant details of their video hardware.
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List of Sinclair QL clones
The following is a list of clones of Sinclair Research's Sinclair QL microcomputer.
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List of Soviet computer systems
This is the list of Soviet computer systems.
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List of TRS-80 clones
The following is a list of clones of Tandy's TRS-80 model I and III home computers.
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List of ZX Spectrum clones
The following is a list of clones of Sinclair Research's ZX Spectrum home computer.
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List of ZX80 and ZX81 clones
The following is a list of clones of Sinclair Research's ZX80 and ZX81 home computers.
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LNW-80
The LNW-80, released in 1982, is the first computer built by LNW Research.
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Luxor AB
Luxor was a Swedish home electronics and computer manufacturer located in Motala, established in 1923 and acquired by Nokia in 1985.
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MAŤO
The Maťo was an 8-bit personal computer produced in the former Czechoslovakia by Štátny majetok Závadka š.p., Závadka nad Hronom.
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Mainframe computer
Mainframe computers (colloquially referred to as "big iron") are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processing.
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Mark-8
The Mark-8 is a microcomputer design from 1974, based on the Intel 8008 CPU (which was the world's first 8-bit microprocessor).
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Mass market
Mass market is a market for goods produced on a large scale for a group of significant number of end consumers.
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Matra
Mécanique Aviation Traction or Matra (Mécanique Aviation Traction) was a French company covering a wide range of activities mainly related to automobiles, bicycles, aeronautics and weaponry.
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Matra Alice
The Matra & Hachette Ordinateur Alice was a home computer sold in France beginning in 1983.
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Mattel
Mattel, Inc. is an American multinational toy manufacturing company founded in 1945 with headquarters in El Segundo, California.
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Mattel Aquarius
Aquarius is a home computer designed by Radofin and released by Mattel in 1983.
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Memotech
Memotech was founded by Geoff Boyd and Robert Branton in Witney in Oxfordshire, England.
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Memotech MTX
The Memotech MTX500, MTX512 and RS128 were a series of Zilog Z80A processor-based home computers released by Memotech in 1983 and 1984.
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Micro-Professor MPF-I
The Micro-Professor MPF-I, introduced in 1981 by Multitech (which, in 1987, changed its name to Acer), was the first branded computer product from Multitech and probably one of the world's longest selling computers.
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MicroAce
The MicroAce was a personal computer manufactured by the eponymous MicroAce of Santa Ana, California, USA.
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MicroBee
MicroBee (Micro Bee) was a series of home computers by Applied Technology, later known as MicroBee Systems.
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Microdigital Eletronica
Microdigital Eletrônica Ltda. was an influential Brazilian computer company in the 1980s, based in São Paulo.
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Microprocessor
A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.
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Microprocessor development board
A microprocessor development board is a printed circuit board containing a microprocessor and the minimal support logic needed for an engineer to become acquainted with the microprocessor on the board and to learn to program it.
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Microprofessor III
Microprofessor III (MPF III), introduced in 1983, was Multitech's (later renamed Acer) third branded computer product and also (arguably) one of the first Apple IIe clones.
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Miles Gordon Technology
Miles Gordon Technology, known as MGT, was a small British company, initially specialising in high-quality add-ons for the Sinclair ZX Spectrum home computer.
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Minivac 601
Minivac 601 Digital Computer Kit was an electromechanical digital computer system created by information theory pioneer Claude Shannon as an educational kit using digital circuits.
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MK14
The Microcomputer Kit 14, or MK14 was a computer kit sold by Science of Cambridge of the United Kingdom, first introduced in 1977 for UK£39.95.
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MOS Technology 6502
The MOS Technology 6502 (typically "sixty-five-oh-two" or "six-five-oh-two") William Mensch and the moderator both pronounce the 6502 microprocessor as "sixty-five-oh-two".
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MOS Technology 6510
6581 SID. The production week/year (WWYY) of each chip is given below its name. The MOS Technology 6510 is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by MOS Technology.
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MOS Technology 8502
The MOS Technology 8502 was an 8-bit microprocessor designed by MOS Technology and used in the Commodore 128.
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Motorola 56000
The Motorola DSP56000 (also known as 56K) is a family of digital signal processor (DSP) chips produced by Motorola Semiconductor (later known as Freescale Semiconductor, now acquired by NXP) starting in 1986 and is still being produced in more advanced models in the 2010s.
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Motorola 6800
The 6800 ("sixty-eight hundred") is an 8-bit microprocessor designed and first manufactured by Motorola in 1974.
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Motorola 6800 family
The 6800 family of 8-bit microprocessors (µPs) and microcontrollers (µCs) is based upon the Motorola 6800 CPU.
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Motorola 68000
The Motorola 68000 ("'sixty-eight-thousand'"; also called the m68k or Motorola 68k, "sixty-eight-kay") is a 16/32-bit CISC microprocessor, which implements a 32-bit instruction set, with 32-bit registers and 32-bit internal data bus, but with a 16-bit data ALU and two 16-bit arithmetic ALUs and a 16-bit external data bus, designed and marketed by Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector.
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Motorola 68008
The Motorola 68008 is an 8/16/32-bit microprocessor made by Motorola.
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Motorola 68030
The Motorola 68030 ("sixty-eight-oh-thirty") is a 32-bit microprocessor in the Motorola 68000 family.
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Motorola 6809
The Motorola 6809 ("sixty-eight-oh-nine") is an 8-bit microprocessor CPU with some 16-bit features from Motorola.
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MSX
MSX is a standardized home computer architecture, first announced by Microsoft on June 16, 1983, and marketed by Kazuhiko Nishi, then Vice-president at Microsoft Japan and Director at ASCII Corporation.
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Nascom (computer kit)
The Nascom 1 and 2 were single-board computer kits issued in the United Kingdom in 1977 and 1979, respectively, based on the Zilog Z80 and including a keyboard and video interface, a serial port that could be used to store data on a tape cassette using the Kansas City standard, and two 8-bit parallel ports.
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NEC
is a Japanese multinational provider of information technology (IT) services and products, headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.
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NEC PC-100
The NEC PC-100 was a Japanese home computer available on October 13, 1983.
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Newbear 77-68
The Newbear 77-68 was a kit of parts from which a purchaser could construct a first generation home computer based around a Motorola 6800 microprocessor.
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NTSC
NTSC, named after the National Television System Committee,National Television System Committee (1951–1953),, 17 v. illus., diagrs., tables.
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Orao (computer)
Orao (en. Eagle) was an 8-bit computer developed by PEL Varaždin in 1984.
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Oric
Oric was the name used by Tangerine Computer Systems for a series of home computers, including the original Oric-1, its successor the Oric Atmos and the later Oric Stratos/IQ164 and Oric Telestrat models (model names stylized in upper case).
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PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a color encoding system for analogue television used in broadcast television systems in most countries broadcasting at 625-line / 50 field (25 frame) per second (576i).
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PC-6000 series
The NEC PC-6000 Series was a series of 8-bit home computers introduced in November 1981 by NEC Home Electronics (NEC-HE).
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PC-8800 series
The, commonly shortened to PC-88, are a brand of Zilog Z80-based home computers released by Nippon Electric Company (NEC) in 1981 in Japan, where it became very popular.
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PC1512
The Amstrad PC1512 was Amstrad's mostly IBM PC-compatible computer system, first manufactured in 1986.
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Pecom 32
Pecom 32 was an educational and/or home computer developed by Elektronska Industrija Niš of Serbia in 1985.
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Pecom 64
Pecom 64 was an educational and/or home computer developed by Elektronska Industrija Niš of Serbia in 1985.
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Personal digital assistant
A personal digital assistant (PDA), also known as a handheld PC, is a variety mobile device which functions as a personal information manager.
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Phase-locked loop
A phase-locked loop or phase lock loop abbreviated as PLL is a control system that generates an output signal whose phase is related to the phase of an input signal.
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Philips
Koninklijke Philips N.V. (Philips, stylized as PHILIPS) is a Dutch multinational technology company headquartered in Amsterdam currently focused in the area of healthcare.
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Philips :YES
The Philips:YES was a home computer/personal computer released by Philips Austria, in 1985.
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Philips P2000
The Philips P2000T home computer was Philips' first real entry in the home computer market, after the Philips Videopac G7000 game system (better known in the U.S. as the Magnavox Odyssey2) which they already sold to compete with the Atari 2600 and similar game systems.
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Philips Videopac + G7400
The Philips Videopac+ G7400 is a video game console released in limited quantities in 1983, and only in Europe; an American release as the Odyssey³ Command Center was planned but never occurred.
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PMD 85
The PMD 85 was an 8-bit personal computer produced from 1985 by the companies Tesla Piešťany and Bratislava in the former Czechoslovakia.
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Pocket computer
A pocket computer was a 1980s-era user programmable calculator-sized computer that had fewer screen lines, and often fewer characters per line, than the Pocket-sized computers introduced beginning in 1989.
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Poly-1
The Poly-1 was a desktop computer designed in New Zealand for educational use.
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Popular Electronics
Popular Electronics is an American magazine published by John August Media, LLC, and hosted at TechnicaCuriosa.com.
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Pravets
Pravets or Pravetz (Правец, also transliterated as Pravec) is a town in Pravets Municipality in central western Bulgaria, located approximately from the capital Sofia.
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Pravetz computers
Pravetz (Правец in the original Cyrillic, series 8 and series 16) were Bulgarian computers, manufactured mainly in the town of Pravetz.
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Printed circuit board
A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate.
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Processor Technology
Processor Technology Corporation was a personal computer company founded in April 1975 by Gary Ingram and Bob Marsh in Berkeley, California.
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Programmable calculator
Programmable calculators are calculators that can automatically carry out a sequence of operations under control of a stored program, much like a computer.
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Prológica CP-400
In the middle of 1984 a Brazilian company called Prológica, which made its own versions of 8 bits US computers, brought to the Brazilian market a new equipment for its personal computer series called "CP" (shorten of Personal Computer in Portuguese).
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PSI Comp 80
In 1979, the British magazine Wireless World published the technical details for a "Scientific Computer".
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RadioShack
RadioShack, formally RadioShack Corporation, is the trade name of an American retailer founded in 1921, which operates a chain of electronics stores.
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RCA 1802
The RCA CDP1802, a 40-pin LSI integrated circuit chip (IC), implemented using COSMAC (Complementary Symmetry Monolithic Array Computer) architecture, is an 8-bit CMOS microprocessor (µP) introduced by RCA in early 1976, the company's first single-chip microprocessor.
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Read-only memory
Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.
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Regency Systems R2C
The R2C was the color version of the 2nd Z80-based microcomputer produced by Regency Systems of Champaign, Illinois, the first being the RC1.
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Replica 1
The Replica 1 is a clone of the Apple I designed by Vince Briel with permission from the Apple I's original creator Steve Wozniak.
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Research Machines 380Z
The Research Machines 380Z (often called the RML 380Z or RM 380Z) was an early 8-bit microcomputer produced by Research Machines in Oxford, England, from 1977 to 1985.
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RF modulator
An RF modulator (or radio frequency modulator) is an electronic device whose input is a baseband signal which is used to modulate a radio frequency source.
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Robotron KC 87
The Robotron KC 87, fully known as the Kleincomputer robotron KC 87 (KC standing for Kleincomputer, lit. "small computer"), was an 8-bit home computer released in 1987 and produced in East Germany by the VEB Robotron-Meßelektronik "Otto Schön" Dresden, part of the Kombinat Robotron.
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Robotron Z1013
The MRB Z1013 (Mikrorechnerbausatz.
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ROM cartridge
A ROM cartridge, sometimes referred to simply as a cartridge or cart, is a removable enclosure containing ROM designed to be connected to a consumer electronics device such as a home computer, video game console and to a lesser extent, electronic musical instruments.
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SAM Coupé
The SAM Coupé (pronounced /sæm ku:peɪ/ from its original British English branding) is an 8-bit British home computer that was first released in late 1989.
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Second source
In the electronics industry, a second source is a company that is licensed to manufacture and sell components originally designed by another company (the first source).
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Sega
Sega Games Co., Ltd., originally short for Service Games and officially styled as SEGA, is a Japanese multinational video game developer and publisher headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with offices around the world.
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SG-1000
The also known as the Sega Computer Video Game SG-1000, is a home video game console manufactured by Sega and released in Japan, Australia, and other regions.
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Sharp Corporation
is a Japanese multinational corporation that designs and manufactures electronic products, headquartered in Sakai-ku, Sakai.
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Sharp MZ
The Sharp MZ is a series of personal computers sold in Japan and Europe (particularly Germany and Great Britain) by Sharp beginning in 1978.
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Simon (computer)
Simon was a relay-based computer, described by Edmund Berkeley in a series of thirteen construction articles in Radio-Electronics magazine, from October 1950.
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Sinclair QL
The Sinclair QL (for Quantum leap), is a personal computer launched by Sinclair Research in 1984, as an upper-end counterpart to the Sinclair ZX Spectrum.
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Sinclair Research
Sinclair Research Ltd is a British consumer electronics company founded by Clive Sinclair in Cambridge.
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Single-board computer
A single-board computer (SBC) is a complete computer built on a single circuit board, with microprocessor(s), memory, input/output (I/O) and other features required of a functional computer.
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Smartphone
A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most, if not all, smartphones also support Wi-Fi.
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Sord Computer Corporation
Sord Computer Corporation was a Japanese electronics company, founded in 1970 by the entrepreneur Takayoshi Shiina.
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Sord M5
The Sord M5 is a home computer launched by Sord Computer Corporation in 1982.
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SWTPC
The U.S. company SWTPC started in 1964 as DEMCO (Daniel E. Meyer Company).
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Tandy 1000
The Tandy 1000 was the first in a line of more-or-less IBM PC compatible home computer systems produced by the Tandy Corporation for sale in its RadioShack chain of stores.
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Tangerine Computer Systems
Tangerine Computer Systems was a British microcomputer company founded in 1979 by Dr.
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Tangerine Microtan 65
The Tangerine Microtan 65 (sometimes abbreviated M65) was a 6502 based single board microcomputer, first sold in 1979, which could be expanded into, what was for its day, a comprehensive and powerful system.
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TEC-1
The TEC-1 is a single-board kit computer first produced by the Australian hobbyist electronics magazine Talking Electronics in the early 1980s.
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Technicolor SA
Technicolor SA, formerly Thomson SARL and Thomson Multimedia, is a French multinational corporation that provides services and products for the communication, media and entertainment industries.
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Teletext
Teletext (or broadcast teletext) is a television information retrieval service created in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s by the Philips Lead Designer for VDUs, John Adams.
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Tesla (Czechoslovak company)
TESLA (originally named after Nikola Tesla, later explained as abbreviation from "TEchnika SLAboproudá", which means "low-voltage technology") was a large, state-owned electrotechnical conglomerate in the former Czechoslovakia.
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Texas Instruments
Texas Instruments Inc. (TI) is an American technology company that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globally.
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Texas Instruments TI-99/4A
The Texas Instruments TI-99/4A is a home computer, released June 1981 in the United States at a price of $525 ($ adjusted for inflation).
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Texas Instruments TMS9900
Introduced in June 1976, the TMS9900 was one of the first commercially available, single-chip 16-bit microprocessors.
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Thomson MO5
The Thomson MO5 is a home computer introduced in France in 1984 to compete against systems such as the ZX Spectrum and Commodore 64.
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Thomson TO7
The Thomson TO7, also called Thomson 9000 is a home computer introduced by Thomson SA in November 1982, with an original retail price of 3750 Franc.
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Tiki 100
Tiki-100 was a desktop home/personal computer manufactured by Tiki Data of Oslo, Norway.
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TIM-011
TIM 011 was an educational or Personal computer for school microcomputer developed by Mihajlo Pupin Institute of Serbia in 1987.
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Timex Computer 2048
The TC-2048 or Timex Computer 2048 is a 1984 computer created by "Timex North American, Lda", a branch of Timex Corporation.
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Timex Sinclair
Timex Sinclair was a joint venture between the British company Sinclair Research and Timex Corporation in an effort to gain an entry into the rapidly growing early-1980s home computer market in North America.
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Timex Sinclair 1000
The Timex Sinclair 1000 (TS1000) was the first computer produced by Timex Sinclair, a joint venture between Timex Corporation and Sinclair Research.
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Timex Sinclair 2048
The Timex Sinclair 2048 although never produced, was to be an improved version of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer.
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Timex Sinclair 2068
The Timex Sinclair 2068 (TS2068), released in November 1983, was Timex Sinclair's fourth and last home computer for the United States market.
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TK82C
TK82C was a Sinclair ZX81 clone made by Microdigital Eletrônica Ltda., a computer company located in Brazil.
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TK90X
The TK90X was the first Brazilian ZX Spectrum clone made in 1985 by Microdigital Electrônica, a company located in São Paulo, Brazil, that had manufactured some ZX81 clones (TK82C, TK83 and TK85) and ZX80 clones (TK80, TK82) before.
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Tomy
is a Japanese entertainment company that makes children's toys and merchandise.
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TRS-80
The TRS-80 Micro Computer System (TRS-80, later renamed the Model I to distinguish it from successors) is a desktop microcomputer launched in 1977 and sold by Tandy Corporation through their Radio Shack stores.
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TRS-80 Color Computer
The RadioShack TRS-80 Color Computer (also marketed as the Tandy Color Computer and sometimes nicknamed the CoCo) is a line of home computers based on the Motorola 6809 processor.
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TRS-80 MC-10
The TRS-80 MC-10 The TRS-80 MC-10 microcomputer is a lesser-known member of the TRS-80 line of home computers, produced by Tandy Corporation in the early 1980s and sold through their RadioShack chain of electronics stores.
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TV Typewriter
The TV Typewriter was a video terminal that could display two pages of 16 lines of 32 upper case characters on a standard television set.
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Unisys ICON
The ICON was a computer built specifically for use in schools, to fill a standard created by the Ontario Ministry of Education.
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VEB Robotron
VEB Kombinat Robotron was the biggest East German electronics manufacturer.
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Vector-06C
Vector-06C (Вектор-06Ц) is a home computer with unique graphics capabilities that was designed and mass-produced in USSR in the late 1980s.
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Video game
A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.
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Video Genie
Video Genie (or simply Genie) was a series of computers produced by Hong Kong-based manufacturer EACA during the early 1980s.
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VideoBrain Family Computer
The VideoBrain Family Computer (model 101) (not to be confused with Nintendo’s Family Computer, or Famicom, known as the Nintendo Entertainment System or NES outside of Japan) is an 8-bit home computer manufactured by Umtech Incorporated, starting in 1977.
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Videoton TV-Computer
The TV-Computer (or TVC in short) is an 8-bit home computer which was mmanufactured by the Hungarian company Videoton around 1986.
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VTech Laser 200
The VTech Laser 200 was an early 8-bit home computer from 1983, also sold as the Salora Fellow (mainly in Fennoscandia, particularly Finland), the Seltron 200 in Hungary and Italy, the Texet TX8000 (in the United Kingdom), and the Dick Smith VZ 200 (in Australia and New Zealand).
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Wave Mate Bullet
The Wave Mate Bullet was a Z80 single-board computer from the late 1970s and early 1980s which used the CP/M operating system.
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WDC 65816/65802
The W65C816S (also 65C816 or 65816) is a 16-bit microprocessor (MPU) developed and sold by the Western Design Center (WDC).
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WDC 65C02
The Western Design Center (WDC) 65C02 microprocessor is an enhanced CMOS version of the popular NMOS-based 8-bit MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor—the CMOS redesign being made by Bill Mensch in 1978.
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X1 (computer)
The, sometimes called the Sharp X1, is a series of home computers released by Sharp Corporation from 1982 to 1988.
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X68000
The is a home computer created by Sharp Corporation, first released in 1987, sold only in Japan.
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Zilog Z80
The Z80 CPU is an 8-bit based microprocessor.
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ZX Spectrum
The ZX Spectrum is an 8-bit personal home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research.
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ZX80
The Sinclair ZX80 is a home computer brought to market in 1980 by Science of Cambridge Ltd.
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ZX81
The ZX81 is a home computer that was produced by Sinclair Research and manufactured in Dundee, Scotland by Timex Corporation.
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8-track tape
The 8-track tape (formally Stereo 8; commonly known as the eight-track cartridge, eight-track tape, or simply eight-track) is a magnetic tape sound-recording technology that was popular in the United States from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s, when the Compact Cassette format took over.
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Redirects here:
List of home computers by category.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_home_computers
