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Management

Index Management

Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a not-for-profit organization, or government body. [1]

212 relations: Accounting, Adam Smith, Administration, Agile software development, Al-Farabi, Alexander Hamilton Church, Alfred P. Sloan, Ancient Egypt, Animal husbandry, Anti-corporate activism, Applied mathematics, Arthashastra, Audit committee, Auditor, Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Commerce, Bachelor of Engineering, Bachelor of Laws, Bachelor's degree, Bill Gates, Board of directors, Bureaucrat, Business, Business administration, Business ethics, Business process reengineering, Business school, Chanakya, Charitable organization, Chester Barnard, Chief executive officer, Chief financial officer, Chief technology officer, Chris Argyris, Circular definition, Civil society, Cog's ladder, College, Command hierarchy, Commerce, Concept of the Corporation, Corporate finance, Corporate title, Corporation, Cost accounting, Critical management studies, Delegate, Directors and officers liability insurance, Discipline (academia), Division of labour, ..., Doctor of Business Administration, Doctor of Management, Doctor of Medicine, Doctor of Philosophy, Double-entry bookkeeping system, Educational technology, Eli Whitney, Elton Mayo, Employment, Entrepreneurship, Ethics, Executive director, Expert, Factors of production, Factory, Fiduciary, Finance, Fortune 500, Frank Bunker Gilbreth Sr., Frederick Winslow Taylor, Fredmund Malik, Function (engineering), General manager, General Motors, Ghislain Deslandes, Goal, Governance, Harvard Business School, Health administration, Henri Fayol, Henry Gantt, Henry R. Towne, Hierarchy, Hindu–Arabic numeral system, Human capital, Human resource management, Human resources, Industrial relations, Industrial Revolution, Information technology, Information technology management, Innovation, Internal auditor, International business, Interpersonal relationship, Investment management, Italian language, James Watt, Japan, John Stuart Mill, Latin, Leadership, Leadership studies, Legalism (Chinese philosophy), Lillian Moller Gilbreth, Line management, Logistics, Management by objectives, Management consulting, Management fad, Management information system, Managerialism, Manfred F.R. Kets de Vries, Manufacturing, Mark Zuckerberg, Marketing, Marketing management, Mary Parker Follett, Mass production, Master of Arts, Master of Business Administration, Master of Health Administration, Master of Management, Master of Public Administration, Master of Science, Matthew Boulton, Max Weber, McGraw-Hill Education, Mental image, Mentorship, Middle class, Middle management, Military, Mirrors for princes, Mission statement, Modernity, Motivation, Natural resource, Niccolò Machiavelli, Non-executive director, Non-governmental organization, Nonprofit organization, Oeconomicus, Operations management, Operations research, Organization, Organizational behavior, Organizational theory, Outline of business management, Outline of industrial organization, Ownership, Patrick Blackett, Personal life, Personal network, Personality disorder, Peter Drucker, Philosophy of business, Pin, Plan, Plato, Popular psychology, President (corporate title), Pricing, Psychology, Public administration, Public sector, Quality assurance, Quality control, Real estate, Rensis Likert, Resource allocation, Ronald Fisher, Science, Scientific management, Scientism, Scotland, Senior management, Shareholder, Shen Buhai, Six Sigma, Social class, Social entrepreneurship, Social organization, Social relation, Social science, Sociology, Stakeholder (corporate), Standardization, Steve Jobs, Steward (office), Strategic management, Strategic planning, Sumer, Sun Tzu, Supervisor, Team leader, Technology, Terminal degree, Textbook, The Art of War, The Prince, The Principles of Scientific Management, The Wealth of Nations, Theory of constraints, Tone at the top, Viable system model, Walter Dill Scott, Workers' self-management, Workplace democracy, Xenophon, Yale School of Management, Yoichi Ueno. Expand index (162 more) »

Accounting

Accounting or accountancy is the measurement, processing, and communication of financial information about economic entities such as businesses and corporations.

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Adam Smith

Adam Smith (16 June 1723 NS (5 June 1723 OS) – 17 July 1790) was a Scottish economist, philosopher and author as well as a moral philosopher, a pioneer of political economy and a key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment era.

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Administration

Administration may refer to.

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Agile software development

Agile software development describes an approach to software development under which requirements and solutions evolve through the collaborative effort of self-organizing and cross-functional teams and their customer(s)/end user(s).

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Al-Farabi

Al-Farabi (known in the West as Alpharabius; c. 872 – between 14 December, 950 and 12 January, 951) was a renowned philosopher and jurist who wrote in the fields of political philosophy, metaphysics, ethics and logic.

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Alexander Hamilton Church

Alexander Hamilton Church (28 May 1866 – 11 February 1936) was an English efficiency engineer, accountant and writer on accountancy and management, known for his seminal work of management and cost accounting.

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Alfred P. Sloan

Alfred Pritchard Sloan Jr. (May 23, 1875–February 17, 1966) was an American business executive in the automotive industry.

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Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River - geographically Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, in the place that is now occupied by the countries of Egypt and Sudan.

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Animal husbandry

Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, eggs, or other products.

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Anti-corporate activism

Anti-corporate activism holds that the influence of big business corporations is a detriment to the public good and to the democratic process.

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Applied mathematics

Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as science, engineering, business, computer science, and industry.

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Arthashastra

The Arthashastra is an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy, written in Sanskrit.

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Audit committee

In a U.S. publicly traded company, an audit committee is an operating committee of the board of directors charged with oversight of financial reporting and disclosure.

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Auditor

An auditor is a person or a firm appointed by a company to execute an audit.

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Bachelor of Arts

A Bachelor of Arts (BA or AB, from the Latin baccalaureus artium or artium baccalaureus) is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, sciences, or both.

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Bachelor of Commerce

A Bachelor of Commerce (baccalaureates commercii, abbreviated B.Com. or B.Comm.) is an undergraduate degree in commerce (or business) and related subjects, usually awarded in Canada, Australia, India, Ireland, New Zealand, Pakistan, South Africa and other Commonwealth countries; however, the degree is no longer offered in the United Kingdom.

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Bachelor of Engineering

The Bachelor of Engineering, abbreviated as B.E., B.Eng., or B.A.I. (in Latin form) is a first professional undergraduate academic degree awarded to a student after four to five years of studying engineering at an accredited university.

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Bachelor of Laws

The Bachelor of Laws (Legum Baccalaureus; LL.B. or B.L.) is an undergraduate degree in law (or a first professional degree in law, depending on jurisdiction) originating in England and offered in Japan and most common law jurisdictionsexcept the United States and Canadaas the degree which allows a person to become a lawyer.

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Bachelor's degree

A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline).

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Bill Gates

William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian, and principal founder of Microsoft Corporation.

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Board of directors

A board of directors is a recognized group of people who jointly oversee the activities of an organization, which can be either a for-profit business, nonprofit organization, or a government agency.

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Bureaucrat

A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government.

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Business

Business is the activity of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (goods and services).

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Business administration

Business administration is management of a business.

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Business ethics

Business ethics (also known as corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics, that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that can arise in a business environment.

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Business process reengineering

Business process re-engineering (BPR) is a business management strategy, originally pioneered in the early 1990s, focusing on the analysis and design of workflows and business processes within an organization.

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Business school

A business school is a university-level institution that confers degrees in business administration or management.

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Chanakya

Chanakya (IAST:,; fl. c. 4th century BCE) was an Indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal advisor.

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Charitable organization

A charitable organization or charity is a non-profit organization (NPO) whose primary objectives are philanthropy and social well-being (e.g. charitable, educational, religious, or other activities serving the public interest or common good).

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Chester Barnard

Chester Irving Barnard (November 7, 1886 – June 7, 1961) was an American business executive, public administrator, and the author of pioneering work in management theory and organizational studies.

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Chief executive officer

Chief executive officer (CEO) is the position of the most senior corporate officer, executive, administrator, or other leader in charge of managing an organization especially an independent legal entity such as a company or nonprofit institution.

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Chief financial officer

The chief financial officer (CFO) is the officer of a company that has primary responsibility for managing the company's finances, including financial planning, management of financial risks, record-keeping, and financial reporting.

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Chief technology officer

A Chief Technology Officer (CTO), sometimes known as a Chief Technical Officer, is an executive-level position in a company or other entity whose occupation is focused on scientific and technological issues within an organization.

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Chris Argyris

Chris Argyris (July 16, 1923 – November 16, 2013) was an American business theorist, Professor Emeritus at Harvard Business School, and held the position of "Thought Leader" at Monitor Group.

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Circular definition

A circular definition is one that uses the term(s) being defined as a part of the definition or assumes a prior understanding of the term being defined.

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Civil society

Civil society is the "aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that manifest interests and will of citizens".

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Cog's ladder

Cog's ladder of group development is based on the work, "Cog's Ladder: A Model of Group Growth", by George O. Charrier, an employee of Procter and Gamble, published in a company newsletter in 1972.

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College

A college (Latin: collegium) is an educational institution or a constituent part of one.

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Command hierarchy

A command hierarchy is a group of people who carry out orders based on others authority within the group.

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Commerce

Commerce relates to "the exchange of goods and services, especially on a large scale.” Commerce includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural and technological systems that operate in any country or internationally.

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Concept of the Corporation

Concept of the Corporation (1946) is a book by management professor and sociologist Peter Drucker.

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Corporate finance

Corporate finance is the area of finance dealing with the sources of funding and the capital structure of corporations, the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources.

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Corporate title

Corporate titles or business titles are given to company and organization officials to show what duties and responsibilities they have in the organization.

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Corporation

A corporation is a company or group of people or an organisation authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.

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Cost accounting

Cost accounting is the process of recording, classifying, analyzing, summarizing, and allocating costs associated with a process, and then developing various courses of action to control the costs.

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Critical management studies

Critical management studies (CMS) is a loose but extensive grouping of theoretically informed critiques of management, business and organisation, grounded originally in a critical theory perspective.

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Delegate

A delegate is someone who attends or communicates the ideas of or acts on behalf of an organization at a meeting or conference between organizations, which may be at the same level or involved in a common field of work or interest.

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Directors and officers liability insurance

Directors and officers liability Insurance (often called "D&O") is liability insurance payable to the directors and officers of a company, or to the organization(s) itself, as indemnification (reimbursement) for losses or advancement of defense costs in the event an insured suffers such a loss as a result of a legal action brought for alleged wrongful acts in their capacity as directors and officers.

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Discipline (academia)

An academic discipline or academic field is a branch of knowledge.

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Division of labour

The division of labour is the separation of tasks in any system so that participants may specialize.

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Doctor of Business Administration

The Doctor of Business Administration (abbreviated DBA, D.B.A., DrBA, or Dr.B.A. or BusD) is a research doctorate awarded on the basis of advanced study and research in the field of business administration.

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Doctor of Management

The Doctor of Management (D.M., D.Mgt. or DMan) is a doctoral degree focusing on study and research in the applied science and practice of professional management.

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Doctor of Medicine

A Doctor of Medicine (MD from Latin Medicinae Doctor) is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions.

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Doctor of Philosophy

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or Ph.D.; Latin Philosophiae doctor) is the highest academic degree awarded by universities in most countries.

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Double-entry bookkeeping system

Double-entry bookkeeping, in accounting, is a system of bookkeeping so named because every entry to an account requires a corresponding and opposite entry to a different account.

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Educational technology

Educational technology is "the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources".

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Eli Whitney

Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765 – January 8, 1825) was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin.

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Elton Mayo

George Elton Mayo (26 December 1880 – 7 September 1949) was an Australian born psychologist, industrial researcher, and organizational theorist.

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Employment

Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee.

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Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which is often initially a small business.

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Ethics

Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.

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Executive director

An executive director is a chief executive officer (CEO) or managing director of an organization, company, or corporation.

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Expert

An expert is someone who has a prolonged or intense experience through practice and education in a particular field.

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Factors of production

In economics, factors of production, resources, or inputs are which is used in the production process to produce output—that is, finished goods and services.

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Factory

A factory or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.

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Fiduciary

A fiduciary is a person who holds a legal or ethical relationship of trust with one or more other parties (person or group of persons).

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Finance

Finance is a field that is concerned with the allocation (investment) of assets and liabilities (known as elements of the balance statement) over space and time, often under conditions of risk or uncertainty.

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Fortune 500

The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks 500 of the largest United States corporations by total revenue for their respective fiscal years.

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Frank Bunker Gilbreth Sr.

Frank Bunker Gilbreth (July 7, 1868 – June 14, 1924) was an American engineer, consultant and author, known as early advocate of scientific management and a pioneer of time and motion study, and is perhaps best known as the father and central figure of Cheaper by the Dozen.

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Frederick Winslow Taylor

Frederick Winslow Taylor (March 20, 1856 – March 21, 1915) was an American mechanical engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency.

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Fredmund Malik

Fredmund Malik (born September 1, 1944 in Lustenau, Vorarlberg) is an Austrian economist with focus on management science and the founder and chairman of a management consultancy in St.

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Function (engineering)

In engineering, a function is interpreted as a specific process, action or task that a system is able to perform.

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General manager

A General Manager is an executive who has overall responsibility for managing both the revenue and cost elements of a company's income statement, known as profit & loss (P&L) responsibility.

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General Motors

General Motors Company, commonly referred to as General Motors (GM), is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.

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Ghislain Deslandes

Ghislain Deslandes is a French philosopher born in Angers (France) on the 16th of August 1970.

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Goal

A goal is an idea of the future or desired result that a person or a group of people envisions, plans and commits to achieve.

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Governance

Governance is all of the processes of governing, whether undertaken by a government, a market or a network, over a social system (family, tribe, formal or informal organization, a territory or across territories) and whether through the laws, norms, power or language of an organized society.

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Harvard Business School

Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Health administration

Health administration or healthcare administration is the field relating to leadership, management, and administration of public health systems, health care systems, hospitals, and hospital networks.

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Henri Fayol

Henri Fayol (29 July 1841 – 19 November 1925) was a French mining engineer, mining executive, author and director of mines who developed general theory of business administration that is often called Fayolism.

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Henry Gantt

Henry Laurence Gantt, A.B., M.E. (May 20, 1861 – November 23, 1919) was an American mechanical engineer and management consultant who is best known for his work in the development of scientific management.

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Henry R. Towne

Henry Robinson Towne (August 24, 1844 in Philadelphia – October 15, 1924) was an American mechanical engineer and businessman, known as early systematizer of management.

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Hierarchy

A hierarchy (from the Greek hierarchia, "rule of a high priest", from hierarkhes, "leader of sacred rites") is an arrangement of items (objects, names, values, categories, etc.) in which the items are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another A hierarchy can link entities either directly or indirectly, and either vertically or diagonally.

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Hindu–Arabic numeral system

The Hindu–Arabic numeral systemDavid Eugene Smith and Louis Charles Karpinski,, 1911 (also called the Arabic numeral system or Hindu numeral system) is a positional decimal numeral system that is the most common system for the symbolic representation of numbers in the world.

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Human capital

Human capital is a term popularized by Gary Becker, an economist and Nobel Laureate from the University of Chicago, and Jacob Mincer.

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Human resource management

Human resource management (HRM or HR) is the strategic approach to the effective management of organization workers so that they help the business gain a competitive advantage, Commonly referred to as the HR Department, it is designed to maximize employee performance in service of an employer's strategic objectives.

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Human resources

Human resources are the people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, or economy.

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Industrial relations

Industrial relations is a multidisciplinary field that studies the employment relationship.

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Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

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Information technology

Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data, or information, often in the context of a business or other enterprise.

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Information technology management

IT management is the discipline whereby all of the information technology resources of a firm are managed in accordance with its needs and priorities.

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Innovation

Innovation can be defined simply as a "new idea, device or method".

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Internal auditor

Internal auditor is an auditor who is appointed by the management of the company in order to carry out the internal audit function.

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International business

International business refers to the trade of goods, services, technology, capital and/or knowledge at a global level.

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Interpersonal relationship

An interpersonal relationship is a strong, deep, or close association or acquaintance between two or more people that may range in duration from brief to enduring.

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Investment management

Investment management is the professional asset management of various securities (shares, bonds and other securities) and other assets (e.g., real estate) in order to meet specified investment goals for the benefit of the investors.

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Italian language

Italian (or lingua italiana) is a Romance language.

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James Watt

James Watt (30 January 1736 (19 January 1736 OS) – 25 August 1819) was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam engine with his Watt steam engine in 1781, which was fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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John Stuart Mill

John Stuart Mill, also known as J.S. Mill, (20 May 1806 – 8 May 1873) was a British philosopher, political economist, and civil servant.

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Latin

Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Leadership

Leadership is both a research area and a practical skill encompassing the ability of an individual or organization to "lead" or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations.

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Leadership studies

Leadership studies is a multidisciplinary academic field of study that focuses on leadership in organizational contexts and in human life.

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Legalism (Chinese philosophy)

Fajia or Legalism is one of Sima Tan's six classical schools of thought in Chinese philosophy.

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Lillian Moller Gilbreth

Lillian Evelyn Moller Gilbreth (May 24, 1878 – January 2, 1972) was an American psychologist, industrial engineer, consultant, and educator who was an early pioneer in applying psychology to time-and-motion studies.

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Line management

Line management refers to the management of employees who are directly involved in the production or delivery of products, goods and/or services.

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Logistics

Logistics is generally the detailed organization and implementation of a complex operation.

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Management by objectives

It's modern way of setting objectives.

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Management consulting

Management consulting is the practice of helping organizations to improve their performance, operating primarily through the analysis of existing organizational problems and the development of plans for improvement.

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Management fad

Management fad is a term used to characterize a change in philosophy or operations implemented by a business or institution.

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Management information system

Management information system or management information systems (MIS) refers to the complementary networks of hardware and software cooperating to collect, process, store, and disseminate information in order to support the managerial role of leveraging information technology to increase business value and profits.

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Managerialism

Managerialism is a belief in the value of professional managers and of the concepts and methods they use.

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Manfred F.R. Kets de Vries

Manfred F.R. Kets de Vries is a Dutch management scholar and psychoanalyst, Professor of leadership development and organizational change at INSEAD, and consultant.

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Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the production of merchandise for use or sale using labour and machines, tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation.

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Mark Zuckerberg

Mark Elliot Zuckerberg (born May 14, 1984) is an American technology entrepreneur and philanthropist best known for co-founding and leading Facebook as its chairman and chief executive officer.

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Marketing

Marketing is the study and management of exchange relationships.

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Marketing management

Marketing management is the process of developing strategies and planning for product or services, advertising, promotions, sales to reach desired customer segment.

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Mary Parker Follett

Mary Parker Follett (September 3, 1868 – December 18, 1933) was an American social worker, management consultant, philosopher, and pioneer in the fields of organizational theory and organizational behavior.

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Mass production

Mass production, also known as flow production or continuous production, is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines.

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Master of Arts

A Master of Arts (Magister Artium; abbreviated MA; also Artium Magister, abbreviated AM) is a person who was admitted to a type of master's degree awarded by universities in many countries, and the degree is also named Master of Arts in colloquial speech.

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Master of Business Administration

The Master of Business Administration (MBA or M.B.A.) is a master's degree in business administration (management).

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Master of Health Administration

The Master of Health Administration or Master of Healthcare Administration (MHA or M.H.A.) is a master's-level professional degree granted to students who complete a course of study in the knowledge and competencies needed for careers in health administration, involving the management of hospitals and other health services organizations, as well as public health infrastructure and consulting.

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Master of Management

The Master of Management (MM, MBM,MIM, MMgt) is a post-graduate master’s degree awarded to students who normally complete a one- to two-year program of graduate level coursework in business management at an accredited academic institution.

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Master of Public Administration

The Master of Public Administration (M.P.Adm., M.P.A., or MPA) is a professional graduate degree in public administration, similar to the Master of Business Administration but with an emphasis on the issues of governance.

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Master of Science

A Master of Science (Magister Scientiae; abbreviated MS, M.S., MSc, M.Sc., SM, S.M., ScM, or Sc.M.) is a master's degree in the field of science awarded by universities in many countries, or a person holding such a degree.

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Matthew Boulton

Matthew Boulton (3 September 1728 – 17 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt.

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Max Weber

Maximilian Karl Emil "Max" Weber (21 April 1864 – 14 June 1920) was a German sociologist, philosopher, jurist, and political economist.

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McGraw-Hill Education

McGraw-Hill Education (MHE) is a learning science company and one of the "big three" educational publishers that provides customized educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.

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Mental image

A mental image or mental picture is the representation in a person's mind of the physical world outside that person.

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Mentorship

Mentorship is a relationship in which a more experienced or more knowledgeable person helps to guide a less experienced or less knowledgeable person.

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Middle class

The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy.

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Middle management

Middle management is the intermediate management of a hierarchical organization that is subordinate to the executive management and responsible for at least two lower levels of junior staff.

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Military

A military or armed force is a professional organization formally authorized by a sovereign state to use lethal or deadly force and weapons to support the interests of the state.

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Mirrors for princes

Mirrors for princes (specula principum or rather, principum specula), or mirrors of princes, form a literary genre – in the loose sense of the word – of political writing during the Early Middle Ages, Middle Ages and the Renaissance, and are part of the broader speculum or mirror literature genre.

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Mission statement

A mission statement is a short statement of an organization's purpose, identifying the goal of its operations: what kind of product or service it provides, its primary customers or market, and its geographical region of operation.

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Modernity

Modernity, a topic in the humanities and social sciences, is both a historical period (the modern era), as well as the ensemble of particular socio-cultural norms, attitudes and practices that arose in the wake of Renaissance, in the "Age of Reason" of 17th-century thought and the 18th-century "Enlightenment".

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Motivation

Motivation is the reason for people's actions, desires, and needs.

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Natural resource

Natural resources are resources that exist without actions of humankind.

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Niccolò Machiavelli

Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was an Italian diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, humanist, and writer of the Renaissance period.

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Non-executive director

A non-executive director (abbreviated to non-exec, NED or NXD) independent director or external director is a member of the board of directors of a company or organisation who does not form part of the executive management team.

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Non-governmental organization

Non-governmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, or nongovernment organizations, commonly referred to as NGOs, are usually non-profit and sometimes international organizations independent of governments and international governmental organizations (though often funded by governments) that are active in humanitarian, educational, health care, public policy, social, human rights, environmental, and other areas to effect changes according to their objectives.

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Nonprofit organization

A non-profit organization (NPO), also known as a non-business entity or non-profit institution, is dedicated to furthering a particular social cause or advocating for a shared point of view.

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Oeconomicus

The Oeconomicus (Οἰκονομικός) by Xenophon is a Socratic dialogue principally about household management and agriculture.

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Operations management

Operations management is an area of management concerned with designing and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services.

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Operations research

Operations research, or operational research in British usage, is a discipline that deals with the application of advanced analytical methods to help make better decisions.

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Organization

An organization or organisation is an entity comprising multiple people, such as an institution or an association, that has a collective goal and is linked to an external environment.

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Organizational behavior

Organizational behavior (OB) or organisational behaviour is "the study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself".

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Organizational theory

Organizational theory consists of approaches to organizational analysis.

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Outline of business management

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to management: Business management – management of a business.

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Outline of industrial organization

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to industrial organization: Industrial organization – describes the behavior of firms in the marketplace with regard to production, pricing, employment and other decisions.

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Ownership

Ownership is the state or fact of exclusive rights and control over property, which may be an object, land/real estate or intellectual property.

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Patrick Blackett

Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett, Baron Blackett (18 November 1897 – 13 July 1974) was a British experimental physicist known for his work on cloud chambers, cosmic rays, and paleomagnetism, winning the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1948.

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Personal life

Personal life is the course of an individual's life, especially when viewed as the sum of personal choices contributing to one's personal identity.

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Personal network

A personal network is a set of human contacts known to an individual, with whom that individual would expect to interact at intervals to support a given set of activities.

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Personality disorder

Personality disorders (PD) are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating from those accepted by the individual's culture.

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Peter Drucker

Peter Ferdinand Drucker (November 19, 1909 – November 11, 2005) was an Austrian-born American management consultant, educator, and author, whose writings contributed to the philosophical and practical foundations of the modern business corporation.

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Philosophy of business

The philosophy of business considers the fundamental principles that underlie the formation and operation of a business enterprise; the nature and purpose of a business, and the moral obligations that pertain to it.

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Pin

A pin is a device used for fastening objects or material together.

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Plan

A plan is typically any diagram or list of steps with details of timing and resources, used to achieve an objective to do something.

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Plato

Plato (Πλάτων Plátōn, in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.

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Popular psychology

Popular psychology (sometimes shortened as pop psychology or pop psych) is the concepts and theories about human mental life and behavior that are purportedly based on psychology and that find credence among and pass muster with the populace.

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President (corporate title)

The President is a leader of an organization, company, community, club, trade union, university or other group.

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Pricing

Pricing is the process whereby a business sets the price at which it will sell its products and services, and may be part of the business's marketing plan.

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Psychology

Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, including conscious and unconscious phenomena, as well as feeling and thought.

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Public administration

Public Administration is the implementation of government policy and also an academic discipline that studies this implementation and prepares civil servants for working in the public service.

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Public sector

The public sector (also called the state sector) is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises.

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Quality assurance

Quality assurance (QA) is a way of preventing mistakes and defects in manufactured products and avoiding problems when delivering solutions or services to customers; which ISO 9000 defines as "part of quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled".

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Quality control

Quality control, or QC for short, is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production.

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Real estate

Real estate is "property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its natural resources such as crops, minerals or water; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this (also) an item of real property, (more generally) buildings or housing in general.

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Rensis Likert

Rensis Likert (born August 5, 1903, Cheyenne, Wyoming, U.S.—died September 3, 1981, Ann Arbor, Michigan) was an American social psychologist who is primarily known for developing the 5-point Likert scale, a psychometric scale that allows people to respond to questions of interest, in order to measure people's attitudes (such as personality and attitude tests).

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Resource allocation

In economics, resource allocation is the assignment of available resources to various uses.

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Ronald Fisher

Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher (17 February 1890 – 29 July 1962), who published as R. A. Fisher, was a British statistician and geneticist.

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Science

R. P. Feynman, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.1, Chaps.1,2,&3.

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Scientific management

Scientific management is a theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows.

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Scientism

Scientism is the ideology of science.

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Scotland

Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

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Senior management

Senior management, executive management, or a management team is generally a team of individuals at the highest level of management of an organization who have the day-to-day tasks of managing that organization — sometimes a company or a corporation.

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Shareholder

A shareholder or stockholder is an individual or institution (including a corporation) that legally owns one or more shares of stock in a public or private corporation.

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Shen Buhai

The Chinese statesman Shen Buhai (c. 400c. 337) was Chancellor of the Han state under Marquis Zhao of Han for fifteen years, from 354 BC to 337 BC.

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Six Sigma

Six Sigma (6σ) is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement.

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Social class

A social class is a set of subjectively defined concepts in the social sciences and political theory centered on models of social stratification in which people are grouped into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the upper, middle and lower classes.

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Social entrepreneurship

Social entrepreneurship is the use of start-up companies and other entrepreneurs to develop, fund and implement solutions to social, cultural, or environmental issues.

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Social organization

In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and social groups.

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Social relation

In social science, a social relation or social interaction is any relationship between two or more individuals.

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Social science

Social science is a major category of academic disciplines, concerned with society and the relationships among individuals within a society.

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Sociology

Sociology is the scientific study of society, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and culture.

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Stakeholder (corporate)

In a corporation, as defined in its first usage in a 1963 internal memorandum at the Stanford Research Institute, a stakeholder is a member of the "groups without whose support the organization would cease to exist".

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Standardization

Standardization or standardisation is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments Standardization can help to maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, or quality.

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Steve Jobs

Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur and business magnate.

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Steward (office)

A steward is an official who is appointed by the legal ruling monarch to represent them in a country, and may have a mandate to govern it in their name; in the latter case, synonymous with the position of regent, vicegerent, viceroy (for Romance languages), governor, or deputy (the Roman rector, praefectus or vicarius).

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Strategic management

In the field of management, strategic management involves the formulation and implementation of the major goals and initiatives taken by an organization's top management on behalf of owners, based on consideration of resources and an assessment of the internal and external environments in which the organization operates.

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Strategic planning

Strategic planning is an organization's process of defining its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy.

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Sumer

SumerThe name is from Akkadian Šumeru; Sumerian en-ĝir15, approximately "land of the civilized kings" or "native land".

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Sun Tzu

Sun Tzu (also rendered as Sun Zi; 孫子) was a Chinese general, military strategist, writer, and philosopher who lived in the Eastern Zhou period of ancient China.

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Supervisor

A Supervisor, when the meaning sought is similar to foreman, foreperson, overseer, cell coach, manager, facilitator, monitor, or area coordinator, is the job title of a low level management position that is primarily based on authority over a worker or charge of a workplace.

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Team leader

A team leader is someone who provides guidance, instruction, direction and leadership to a group of individuals (the team) for the purpose of achieving a key result or group of aligned results.

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Technology

Technology ("science of craft", from Greek τέχνη, techne, "art, skill, cunning of hand"; and -λογία, -logia) is first robustly defined by Jacob Bigelow in 1829 as: "...principles, processes, and nomenclatures of the more conspicuous arts, particularly those which involve applications of science, and which may be considered useful, by promoting the benefit of society, together with the emolument of those who pursue them".

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Terminal degree

A terminal degree is a university degree that can signify one of two outcomes.

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Textbook

A textbook or coursebook (UK English) is a manual of instruction in any branch of study.

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The Art of War

The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise dating from the Spring and Autumn period.

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The Prince

The Prince (Il Principe) is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli.

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The Principles of Scientific Management

The Principles of Scientific Management is a monograph published by Frederick Winslow Taylor.

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The Wealth of Nations

An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, generally referred to by its shortened title The Wealth of Nations, is the magnum opus of the Scottish economist and moral philosopher Adam Smith.

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Theory of constraints

The theory of constraints (TOC) is a management paradigm that views any manageable system as being limited in achieving more of its goals by a very small number of constraints.

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Tone at the top

"Tone at the top" is a term that originated in the field of accounting and is used to describe an organization's general ethical climate, as established by its board of directors, audit committee, and senior management.

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Viable system model

The viable system model (VSM) is a model of the organisational structure of any autonomous system capable of producing itself.

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Walter Dill Scott

Walter Dill Scott (May 1, 1869 – September 24, 1955) was one of the first applied psychologists.

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Workers' self-management

Self-management or workers' self-management (also referred to as labor management, autogestión, workers' control, industrial democracy, democratic management and producer cooperatives) is a form of organizational management based on self-directed work processes on the part of an organization's workforce.

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Workplace democracy

Workplace democracy is the application of democracy in all its forms (including voting systems, debates, democratic structuring, due process, adversarial process, systems of appeal) to the workplace.

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Xenophon

Xenophon of Athens (Ξενοφῶν,, Xenophōn; – 354 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, historian, soldier, mercenary, and student of Socrates.

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Yale School of Management

The Yale School of Management (also known as Yale SOM) is the graduate business school of Yale University and is located on Whitney Avenue in New Haven, Connecticut, United States.

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Yoichi Ueno

is a Japanese scholar in the fields of management science and industrial psychology and founder of SANNO Institute of Management.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management

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