Similarities between Massagetae and Saka
Massagetae and Saka have 85 things in common (in Unionpedia): Achaemenid Empire, Agathyrsi, Alans, Alexander the Great, Amu Darya, Amyrgians, Anatolia, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greek, Aral Sea, Asii, Bactria, Boston, Brill Publishers, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Caspian Sea, Central Asia, Chorasmia (satrapy), Cimmerians, Ctesias, Cyrus the Great, Dahae, Darius the Great, Eastern Iranian languages, Egyptian language, Encyclopædia Iranica, Eurasian Steppe, France, Gorytos, ..., Hellenistic period, Herodotus, History of Iran, Huns, Hyrcania, Indo-Scythians, Iranian languages, Iranian peoples, Iron Age, Karakum Desert, Khwarazm, Kraków, Kushan Empire, Kyzylkum Desert, Latin, Leiden, Medes, Mesopotamia, Middle Persian, Netherlands, New York City, Old Persian, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Paris, Parni, Parthian Empire, Persians, Phrygian cap, Polyaenus, Rüdiger Schmitt, Saka, Saka language, Sarmatians, Scythian languages, Scythians, Scytho-Siberian world, Seleucid Empire, Skunkha, Steppe, Strabo, Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great, Syr Darya, Tomyris, Turkmenistan, UNESCO, United Kingdom, United States, Ustyurt Plateau, Victor H. Mair, Volga, Weer Rajendra Rishi, West Asia, Yuezhi, Zarinaea. Expand index (55 more) »
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
Achaemenid Empire and Massagetae · Achaemenid Empire and Saka ·
Agathyrsi
The Agathyrsi were an ancient people belonging to the Scythian cultures who lived in the Transylvanian Plateau, in the region that later became Dacia.
Agathyrsi and Massagetae · Agathyrsi and Saka ·
Alans
The Alans (Latin: Alani) were an ancient and medieval Iranic nomadic pastoral people who migrated to what is today North Caucasus – while some continued on to Europe and later North-Africa.
Alans and Massagetae · Alans and Saka ·
Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.
Alexander the Great and Massagetae · Alexander the Great and Saka ·
Amu Darya
The Amu Darya, also called the Amu, the Amo, and historically the Oxus (Latin: Ōxus; Greek: Ὦξος, Ôxos), is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan.
Amu Darya and Massagetae · Amu Darya and Saka ·
Amyrgians
The Amyrgians (Ancient Greek: Αμύργιοι; Latin: Amyrgii; Old Persian: 𐎿𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎶𐎺𐎼𐎥𐎠 "Sakas who lay hauma (around the fire)") were a Saka tribe.
Amyrgians and Massagetae · Amyrgians and Saka ·
Anatolia
Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.
Anatolia and Massagetae · Anatolia and Saka ·
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.
Ancient Egypt and Massagetae · Ancient Egypt and Saka ·
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
Ancient Greek and Massagetae · Ancient Greek and Saka ·
Aral Sea
The Aral Sea was an endorheic lake (that is, without an outlet) lying between Kazakhstan to its north and Uzbekistan to its south, which began shrinking in the 1960s and largely dried up by the 2010s.
Aral Sea and Massagetae · Aral Sea and Saka ·
Asii
The Asii, Osii, Ossii, Asoi, Asioi, Asini or Aseni were an ancient Indo-European people of Central Asia, during the 2nd and 1st centuries BCE.
Asii and Massagetae · Asii and Saka ·
Bactria
Bactria (Bactrian: βαχλο, Bakhlo), or Bactriana, was an ancient Iranian civilization in Central Asia based in the area south of the Oxus River (modern Amu Darya) and north of the mountains of the Hindu Kush, an area within the north of modern Afghanistan.
Bactria and Massagetae · Bactria and Saka ·
Boston
Boston, officially the City of Boston, is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.
Boston and Massagetae · Boston and Saka ·
Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.
Brill Publishers and Massagetae · Brill Publishers and Saka ·
Cambridge
Cambridge is a city and non-metropolitan district in the county of Cambridgeshire, England.
Cambridge and Massagetae · Cambridge and Saka ·
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
Cambridge University Press and Massagetae · Cambridge University Press and Saka ·
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake and sometimes referred to as a full-fledged sea.
Caspian Sea and Massagetae · Caspian Sea and Saka ·
Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
Central Asia and Massagetae · Central Asia and Saka ·
Chorasmia (satrapy)
Chorasmia (Old Persian: 𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐎹 hUvārazmiya, 𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐏁 hUvārazmiš) was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire in Persia.
Chorasmia (satrapy) and Massagetae · Chorasmia (satrapy) and Saka ·
Cimmerians
The Cimmerians were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, part of whom subsequently migrated into West Asia.
Cimmerians and Massagetae · Cimmerians and Saka ·
Ctesias
Ctesias (Κτησίᾱς; fl. fifth century BC), also known as Ctesias of Cnidus, was a Greek physician and historian from the town of Cnidus in Caria, then part of the Achaemenid Empire.
Ctesias and Massagetae · Ctesias and Saka ·
Cyrus the Great
Cyrus II of Persia (𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, was the founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire.
Cyrus the Great and Massagetae · Cyrus the Great and Saka ·
Dahae
The Dahae, also known as the Daae, Dahas or Dahaeans (translit; translit; Δααι,; Δαι,; Δασαι,; Dahae; p; Persian: داهان) were an ancient Eastern Iranian nomadic tribal confederation, who inhabited the steppes of Central Asia.
Dahae and Massagetae · Dahae and Saka ·
Darius the Great
Darius I (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος; – 486 BCE), commonly known as Darius the Great, was a Persian ruler who served as the third King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 522 BCE until his death in 486 BCE.
Darius the Great and Massagetae · Darius the Great and Saka ·
Eastern Iranian languages
The Eastern Iranian languages are a subgroup of the Iranian languages, having emerged during the Middle Iranian era (4th century BC to 9th century AD).
Eastern Iranian languages and Massagetae · Eastern Iranian languages and Saka ·
Egyptian language
The Egyptian language, or Ancient Egyptian, is an extinct branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages that was spoken in ancient Egypt.
Egyptian language and Massagetae · Egyptian language and Saka ·
Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
Encyclopædia Iranica and Massagetae · Encyclopædia Iranica and Saka ·
Eurasian Steppe
The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or The Steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biome.
Eurasian Steppe and Massagetae · Eurasian Steppe and Saka ·
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.
France and Massagetae · France and Saka ·
Gorytos
A gorytos (γωρυτός, pl., gorytus) is a type of leather bow-case for a short composite bow used by the Scythians in classical antiquity.
Gorytos and Massagetae · Gorytos and Saka ·
Hellenistic period
In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year, which eliminated the last major Hellenistic kingdom.
Hellenistic period and Massagetae · Hellenistic period and Saka ·
Herodotus
Herodotus (Ἡρόδοτος||; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy.
Herodotus and Massagetae · Herodotus and Saka ·
History of Iran
The history of Iran (or Persia, as it was commonly known in the Western world) is intertwined with that of Greater Iran, a sociocultural region spanning the area between Anatolia in the west and the Indus River and Syr Darya in the east, and between the Caucasus and Eurasian Steppe in the north and the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.
History of Iran and Massagetae · History of Iran and Saka ·
Huns
The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries AD.
Huns and Massagetae · Huns and Saka ·
Hyrcania
Hyrcania (Ὑρκανία Hyrkanía, Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 Varkâna,Lendering (1996) Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 Gurgān, Akkadian: Urqananu) is a historical region composed of the land south-east of the Caspian Sea in modern-day Iran and Turkmenistan, bound in the south by the Alborz mountain range and the Kopet Dag in the east.
Hyrcania and Massagetae · Hyrcania and Saka ·
Indo-Scythians
The Indo-Scythians (also called Indo-Sakas) were a group of nomadic people of Iranic Scythian origin who migrated from Central Asia southward into the northwestern Indian subcontinent: the present-day South Asian regions of Afghanistan, Pakistan, Eastern Iran and northern India.
Indo-Scythians and Massagetae · Indo-Scythians and Saka ·
Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, also called the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, predominantly in the Iranian Plateau.
Iranian languages and Massagetae · Iranian languages and Saka ·
Iranian peoples
The Iranian peoples or Iranic peoples are a diverse grouping of peoples who are identified by their usage of the Iranian languages (branch of the Indo-European languages) and other cultural similarities.
Iranian peoples and Massagetae · Iranian peoples and Saka ·
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age.
Iron Age and Massagetae · Iron Age and Saka ·
Karakum Desert
The Karakum Desert, also spelled Kara-Kum and Gara-Gum (Garagum,, from gara ("black") and gum ("sand"); kərɐˈkumɨ), is a desert in Central Asia.
Karakum Desert and Massagetae · Karakum Desert and Saka ·
Khwarazm
Khwarazm (Hwârazmiya; خوارزم, Xwârazm or Xârazm) or Chorasmia is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum Desert, on the south by the Karakum Desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau.
Khwarazm and Massagetae · Khwarazm and Saka ·
Kraków
(), also spelled as Cracow or Krakow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland.
Kraków and Massagetae · Kraków and Saka ·
Kushan Empire
The Kushan Empire (– AD) was a syncretic empire formed by the Yuezhi in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century.
Kushan Empire and Massagetae · Kushan Empire and Saka ·
Kyzylkum Desert
The Kyzylkum Desert (Qizilqum, Қизилқум, قِیزِیلقُوم; Qyzylqūm, قىزىلقۇم) is the 15th largest desert in the world.
Kyzylkum Desert and Massagetae · Kyzylkum Desert and Saka ·
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
Latin and Massagetae · Latin and Saka ·
Leiden
Leiden (in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands.
Leiden and Massagetae · Leiden and Saka ·
Medes
The Medes (Old Persian: 𐎶𐎠𐎭; Akkadian: 13px, 13px; Ancient Greek: Μῆδοι; Latin: Medi) were an ancient Iranian people who spoke the Median language and who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day Hamadan). Their consolidation in Iran is believed to have occurred during the 8th century BC. In the 7th century BC, all of western Iran and some other territories were under Median rule, but their precise geographic extent remains unknown. Although they are generally recognized as having an important place in the history of the ancient Near East, the Medes have left no written source to reconstruct their history, which is known only from foreign sources such as the Assyrians, Babylonians, Armenians and Greeks, as well as a few Iranian archaeological sites, which are believed to have been occupied by Medes. The accounts relating to the Medes reported by Herodotus left the image of a powerful people, who would have formed an empire at the beginning of the 7th century BC that lasted until the 550s BC, played a determining role in the fall of the Assyrian Empire and competed with the powerful kingdoms of Lydia and Babylonia. However, a recent reassessment of contemporary sources from the Mede period has altered scholars' perceptions of the Median state. The state remains difficult to perceive in the documentation, which leaves many doubts about it, some specialists even suggesting that there never was a powerful Median kingdom. In any case, it appears that after the fall of the last Median king against the Persian king Cyrus the Great, Media became an important province and was prized by the empires which successively dominated it (Achaemenids, Seleucids, Parthians and Sasanids).
Massagetae and Medes · Medes and Saka ·
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.
Massagetae and Mesopotamia · Mesopotamia and Saka ·
Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire.
Massagetae and Middle Persian · Middle Persian and Saka ·
Netherlands
The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.
Massagetae and Netherlands · Netherlands and Saka ·
New York City
New York, often called New York City (to distinguish it from New York State) or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States.
Massagetae and New York City · New York City and Saka ·
Old Persian
Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire).
Massagetae and Old Persian · Old Persian and Saka ·
Oxford
Oxford is a city and non-metropolitan district in Oxfordshire, England, of which it is the county town.
Massagetae and Oxford · Oxford and Saka ·
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
Massagetae and Oxford University Press · Oxford University Press and Saka ·
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city of France.
Massagetae and Paris · Paris and Saka ·
Parni
The Parni (Πάρνοι, Parnoi), Aparni (Ἄπαρνοι, Aparnoi) or Parnians were an East Iranian people who lived around the Ochus (Ὧχος Okhos) (Tejen) River, southeast of the Caspian Sea.
Massagetae and Parni · Parni and Saka ·
Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.
Massagetae and Parthian Empire · Parthian Empire and Saka ·
Persians
The Persians--> are an Iranian ethnic group who comprise over half of the population of Iran.
Massagetae and Persians · Persians and Saka ·
Phrygian cap
The Phrygian cap or liberty cap is a soft conical cap with the apex bent over, associated in antiquity with several peoples in Eastern Europe, Anatolia and Asia, including the Persians, the Medes and the Scythians, as well as in the Balkans, Dacia, Thrace and in Phrygia, where the name originated.
Massagetae and Phrygian cap · Phrygian cap and Saka ·
Polyaenus
Polyaenus or Polyenus (see ae (æ) vs. e; Polyainos, "much-praised") was a 2nd-century CE Greek author, known best for his Stratagems in War (Strategemata), which has been preserved.
Massagetae and Polyaenus · Polyaenus and Saka ·
Rüdiger Schmitt
Rüdiger Schmitt (born 1 July 1939) is a German linguist, Iranologist, and educator.
Massagetae and Rüdiger Schmitt · Rüdiger Schmitt and Saka ·
Saka
The Saka were a group of nomadic Eastern Iranian peoples who historically inhabited the northern and eastern Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin.
Massagetae and Saka · Saka and Saka ·
Saka language
Saka, or Sakan, was a variety of Eastern Iranian languages, attested from the ancient Buddhist kingdoms of Khotan, Kashgar and Tumshuq in the Tarim Basin, in what is now southern Xinjiang, China.
Massagetae and Saka language · Saka and Saka language ·
Sarmatians
The Sarmatians (Sarmatai; Latin: Sarmatae) were a large confederation of ancient Iranian equestrian nomadic peoples who dominated the Pontic steppe from about the 3rd century BC to the 4th century AD.
Massagetae and Sarmatians · Saka and Sarmatians ·
Scythian languages
The Scythian languages (or or) are a group of Eastern Iranic languages of the classical and late antique period (the Middle Iranic period), spoken in a vast region of Eurasia by the populations belonging to the Scythian cultures and their descendants.
Massagetae and Scythian languages · Saka and Scythian languages ·
Scythians
The Scythians or Scyths (but note Scytho- in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people who had migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the Pontic Steppe in modern-day Ukraine and Southern Russia, where they remained established from the 7th century BC until the 3rd century BC.
Massagetae and Scythians · Saka and Scythians ·
Scytho-Siberian world
The Scytho-Siberian world was an archaeological horizon that flourished across the entire Eurasian Steppe during the Iron Age, from approximately the 9th century BC to the 2nd century AD.
Massagetae and Scytho-Siberian world · Saka and Scytho-Siberian world ·
Seleucid Empire
The Seleucid Empire (lit) was a Greek power in West Asia during the Hellenistic period.
Massagetae and Seleucid Empire · Saka and Seleucid Empire ·
Skunkha
Skunkha (Old Persian: 𐎿𐎤𐎢𐎧), was king of the Sakā tigraxaudā ("Saka who wear pointed caps"), a group of the Saka, in the 6th century BC.
Massagetae and Skunkha · Saka and Skunkha ·
Steppe
In physical geography, a steppe is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without closed forests except near rivers and lakes.
Massagetae and Steppe · Saka and Steppe ·
Strabo
StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.
Massagetae and Strabo · Saka and Strabo ·
Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great
The Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great were texts written in Old Persian, Elamite, Babylonian and Egyptian on five monuments erected in Wadi Tumilat, commemorating the opening of the "Canal of the Pharaohs" between the Nile and the Bitter Lakes.
Massagetae and Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great · Saka and Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great ·
Syr Darya
The Syr Darya, historically known as the Jaxartes (Ἰαξάρτης), is a river in Central Asia.
Massagetae and Syr Darya · Saka and Syr Darya ·
Tomyris
Tomyris (Saka:; Tomuris; Tomyris) also called Thomyris, Tomris, or Tomiride, is known only from the Greek historian Herodotus.
Massagetae and Tomyris · Saka and Tomyris ·
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west.
Massagetae and Turkmenistan · Saka and Turkmenistan ·
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.
Massagetae and UNESCO · Saka and UNESCO ·
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.
Massagetae and United Kingdom · Saka and United Kingdom ·
United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.
Massagetae and United States · Saka and United States ·
Ustyurt Plateau
The Ustyurt or Ust-Yurt (from Үстірт; Ustyurt; Üstyurt; — flat hill, plateau) is a transboundary clay desert shared by Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
Massagetae and Ustyurt Plateau · Saka and Ustyurt Plateau ·
Victor H. Mair
Victor Henry Mair (born March 25, 1943) is an American area studies scholar.
Massagetae and Victor H. Mair · Saka and Victor H. Mair ·
Volga
The Volga (p) is the longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of, and a catchment area of., Russian State Water Registry It is also Europe's largest river in terms of average discharge at delta – between and – and of drainage basin. It is widely regarded as the national river of Russia. The hypothetical old Russian state, the Rus' Khaganate, arose along the Volga. Historically, the river served as an important meeting place of various Eurasian civilizations. The river flows in Russia through forests, forest steppes and steppes. Five of the ten largest cities of Russia, including the nation's capital, Moscow, are located in the Volga's drainage basin. Because the Volga drains into the Caspian Sea, which is an endorheic body of water, the Volga does not naturally connect to any of the world's oceans. Some of the largest reservoirs in the world are located along the Volga River. The river has a symbolic meaning in Russian culture – Russian literature and folklore often refer to it as Волга-матушка Volga-Matushka (Mother Volga).
Massagetae and Volga · Saka and Volga ·
Weer Rajendra Rishi
Weer Rajendra Rishi (4 January 1917– 1 December 2002) was an Indian linguist, diplomatic translator, and Romani studies scholar.
Massagetae and Weer Rajendra Rishi · Saka and Weer Rajendra Rishi ·
West Asia
West Asia, also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost region of Asia.
Massagetae and West Asia · Saka and West Asia ·
Yuezhi
The Yuezhi were an ancient people first described in Chinese histories as nomadic pastoralists living in an arid grassland area in the western part of the modern Chinese province of Gansu, during the 1st millennium BC. After a major defeat at the hands of the Xiongnu in 176 BC, the Yuezhi split into two groups migrating in different directions: the Greater Yuezhi (Dà Yuèzhī 大月氏) and Lesser Yuezhi (Xiǎo Yuèzhī 小月氏). This started a complex domino effect that radiated in all directions and, in the process, set the course of history for much of Asia for centuries to come. The Greater Yuezhi initially migrated northwest into the Ili Valley (on the modern borders of China and Kazakhstan), where they reportedly displaced elements of the Sakas. They were driven from the Ili Valley by the Wusun and migrated southward to Sogdia and later settled in Bactria. The Greater Yuezhi have consequently often been identified with peoples mentioned in classical European sources as having overrun the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, like the Tókharoi (Greek Τοχάροι; Sanskrit Tukhāra) and Asii (or Asioi). During the 1st century BC, one of the five major Greater Yuezhi tribes in Bactria, the Kushanas, began to subsume the other tribes and neighbouring peoples. The subsequent Kushan Empire, at its peak in the 3rd century AD, stretched from Turfan in the Tarim Basin in the north to Pataliputra on the Gangetic plain of India in the south. The Kushanas played an important role in the development of trade on the Silk Road and the introduction of Buddhism to China. The Lesser Yuezhi migrated southward to the edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Some are reported to have settled among the Qiang people in Qinghai, and to have been involved in the Liang Province Rebellion (184–221 AD) against the Eastern Han dynasty. Another group of Yuezhi is said to have founded the city state of Cumuḍa (now known as Kumul and Hami) in the eastern Tarim. A fourth group of Lesser Yuezhi may have become part of the Jie people of Shanxi, who established the Later Zhao state of the 4th century AD (although this remains controversial). Many scholars believe that the Yuezhi were an Indo-European people. "e must identify them with the Yueh-chih of the Chinese sources... onsensus of scholarly opinion identifies the Yueh-chih with the Tokharians... he Indo-European ethnic origin of the Yuehchih.
Massagetae and Yuezhi · Saka and Yuezhi ·
Zarinaea
Zarinaea also referred to as Zarinaia (Saka:; Ancient Greek: Ζαριναια; Latin) or Zarina was a queen of one of the Saka tribes or of the Dahae of the 7th century BCE who is mentioned by the Greek author Diodorus Siculus.
The list above answers the following questions
- What Massagetae and Saka have in common
- What are the similarities between Massagetae and Saka
Massagetae and Saka Comparison
Massagetae has 157 relations, while Saka has 383. As they have in common 85, the Jaccard index is 15.74% = 85 / (157 + 383).
References
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