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126 relations: Adenosylhomocysteinase, Aeropyrum pernix, Aldol condensation, Aliphatic compound, Allantoin, Almond, Alpha-aminoadipate pathway, Amino acid, Anemia, Angiogenesis, Archaea, Aspartate kinase, Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, Aspartic acid, Atherosclerosis, Autoinducer-2, Bacon, Bacteria, Beef, Betaine—homocysteine S-methyltransferase, Biosynthesis, Brazil nut, Carboxylic acid, Carnitine, Cereal, Cereal germ, Cheese, Chemical polarity, Chicken as food, Chickpea, Cobalamin, Coding region, Cofactor (biochemistry), Complete protein, Cys/Met metabolism PLP-dependent enzyme family, Cystathionine, Cystathionine beta synthase, Cystathionine beta-lyase, Cystathionine gamma-lyase, Cystathionine gamma-synthase, Cysteine, De novo synthesis, Diaminopimelic acid, DNA, Drosophila melanogaster, Egg as food, Elimination reaction, Enterobacteriaceae, Essential amino acid, Ethylene, ..., Eukaryote, Fertility, Fish as food, Genetic code, Glutathione, Hepatotoxicity, Homocysteine, Homologous series, Homoserine, Homoserine dehydrogenase, Homoserine O-succinyltransferase, HSAB theory, Hydrogen sulfide, Kozak consensus sequence, Lecithin, Legume, Lentil, Lysidine (nucleoside), Lysine, Maize, Messenger RNA, Methanethiol, Methionine sulfoxide, Methionine synthase, Methyl group, Methyltransferase, Michael reaction, Mitochondrion, N-Formylmethionine, National Academy of Medicine, Nature (journal), Norleucine, O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase, Oat, Oxidative stress, Papilio cresphontes, Peanut, Peptide, Pet food, Phosphatidylcholine, Phospholipid, Photo-reactive amino acid analog, Plant, Pork, Post-translational modification, Propionyl-CoA, Protein, Proteinogenic amino acid, Protonation, Pyridoxal phosphate, Racemic mixture, Radical SAM, Reactive oxygen species, Ribosome, Rice, S-Adenosyl methionine, S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase enzyme, Sesame, Shang Fa Yang, Start codon, Steatohepatitis, Succinyl-CoA, Sulfonium, Sulfur, Taurine, Thioether, Translation (biology), Transsulfuration pathway, Trimethylglycine, Tryptophan, Veganism, Vertebrate mitochondrial code, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Yeast mitochondrial code. Expand index (76 more) »
Adenosylhomocysteinase
Adenosylhomocysteinase (S-adenosylhomocysteine synthase, S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, S-adenosylhomocysteinase, SAHase, AdoHcyase) is an enzyme that converts S-adenosylhomocysteine to homocysteine and adenosine.
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Aeropyrum pernix
Aeropyrum pernix is a species of extremophile archaean in the archaean phylum Crenarchaeota.
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Aldol condensation
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which an enol or an enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone.
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Aliphatic compound
In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (G. aleiphar, fat, oil) also known as non-aromatic compounds.
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Allantoin
Allantoin is a chemical compound with formula C4H6N4O3.
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Almond
The almond (Prunus dulcis, syn. Prunus amygdalus) is a species of tree native to Mediterranean climate regions of the Middle East, from Syria and Turkey to India and Pakistan, although it has been introduced elsewhere.
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Alpha-aminoadipate pathway
The amino acid L-lysine The α-aminoadipate pathway is a biochemical pathway for the synthesis of the amino acid L-lysine.
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Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
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Anemia
Anemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.
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Angiogenesis
Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels.
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Archaea
Archaea (or or) constitute a domain of single-celled microorganisms.
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Aspartate kinase
Aspartate kinase (aspartokinase, aspartic kinase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of the amino acid aspartate.
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Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
In enzymology, an aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase is an enzyme that is very important in the biosynthesis of amino acids in prokaryotes, fungi, and some higher plants.
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Aspartic acid
Aspartic acid (symbol Asp or D; salts known as aspartates), is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a disease in which the inside of an artery narrows due to the build up of plaque.
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Autoinducer-2
No description.
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Bacon
Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork.
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Bacteria
Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.
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Beef
Beef is the culinary name for meat from cattle, particularly skeletal muscle.
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Betaine—homocysteine S-methyltransferase
In the field of enzymology, a betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase also known as betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) is a zinc metallo-enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from trimethylglycine and a hydrogen ion from homocysteine to produce dimethylglycine and methionine respectively.
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Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms.
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Brazil nut
The Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds.
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Carboxylic acid
A carboxylic acid is an organic compound that contains a carboxyl group (C(.
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Carnitine
Carnitine (β-hydroxy-γ-N-trimethylaminobutyric acid, 3-hydroxy-4-N,N,N- trimethylaminobutyrate) is a quaternary ammonium compound involved in metabolism in most mammals, plants and some bacteria. Carnitine may exist in two isomers, labeled D-carnitine and L-carnitine, as they are optically active. At room temperature, pure carnitine is a white powder, and a water-soluble zwitterion with low toxicity. Carnitine only exists in animals as the L-enantiomer, and D-carnitine is toxic because it inhibits the activity of L-carnitine. Carnitine, derived from an amino acid, is found in nearly all organisms and animal tissue. Carnitine is the generic expression for a number of compounds that include L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, and propionyl-L-carnitine. It is most accumulated in cardiac and skeletal muscles as it accounts for 0.1% of its dry matter. It was first derived from meat extracts in 1905, therefore the name carnitine is derived from Latin "carnus" or flesh. The body synthesizes enough carnitine from lysine side chains to keep up with the needs of energy production in the body as carnitine acts as a transporter of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria to be oxidized and produce energy. Some individuals with genetic or medical disorders (like preterm infants) cannot make enough, so this makes carnitine a conditionally essential nutrient for them.
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Cereal
A cereal is any edible components of the grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis) of cultivated grass, composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran.
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Cereal germ
The germ of a cereal is the reproductive part that germinates to grow into a plant; it is the embryo of the seed.
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Cheese
Cheese is a dairy product derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.
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Chemical polarity
In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole or multipole moment.
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Chicken as food
Chicken is the most common type of poultry in the world.
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Chickpea
The chickpea or chick pea (Cicer arietinum) is a legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.
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Cobalamin
Cobalamin (Cbl) is a general term that is referred to a number of compounds, that have cobalt ion in the middle, hence the name of the compound.
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Coding region
The coding region of a gene, also known as the CDS (from CoDing Sequence), is that portion of a gene's DNA or RNA that codes for protein.
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Cofactor (biochemistry)
A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme's activity.
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Complete protein
A complete protein (or whole protein) is a source of protein that contains an adequate proportion of all nine of the essential amino acids necessary for the dietary needs of an organism.
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Cys/Met metabolism PLP-dependent enzyme family
In molecular biology, the Cys/Met metabolism PLP-dependent enzyme family is a family of proteins including enzymes involved in cysteine and methionine metabolism which use PLP (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate) as a cofactor.
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Cystathionine
Cystathionine is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine.
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Cystathionine beta synthase
Cystathionine-β-synthase, also known as CBS, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CBS gene.
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Cystathionine beta-lyase
Cystathionine beta-lyase, also commonly referred to as CBL or β-cystathionase, is an enzyme that primarily catalyzes the following α,β-elimination reaction Thus, the substrate of this enzyme is L-cystathionine, whereas its 3 products are homocysteine, pyruvate, and ammonia.
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Cystathionine gamma-lyase
Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH or CSE; also cystathionase) is an enzyme which breaks down cystathionine into cysteine, α-ketobutyrate, and ammonia.
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Cystathionine gamma-synthase
In enzymology, a cystathionine gamma-synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cystathionine from cysteine and an activated derivative of homoserine, e.g.: In microorganisms, the activated substrate of this enzyme is O4-succinyl-L-homoserine or O4-acetyl-L-homoserine.
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Cysteine
Cysteine (symbol Cys or C) is a semi-essential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH2SH.
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De novo synthesis
De novo synthesis refers to the synthesis of complex molecules from simple molecules such as sugars or amino acids, as opposed to recycling after partial degradation.
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Diaminopimelic acid
Diaminopimelic acid (DAP) is an amino acid, representing an epsilon-carboxy derivative of lysine.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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Drosophila melanogaster
Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (the taxonomic order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae.
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Egg as food
Eggs are laid by female animals of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish, and have been eaten by humans for thousands of years.
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Elimination reaction
An elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one or two-step mechanism.
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Enterobacteriaceae
The Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of Gram-negative bacteria.
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Essential amino acid
An essential amino acid, or indispensable amino acid, is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized ''de novo'' (from scratch) by the organism, and thus must be supplied in its diet.
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Ethylene
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula or H2C.
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Eukaryote
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).
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Fertility
Fertility is the natural capability to produce offspring.
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Fish as food
Many species of fish are consumed as food in virtually all regions around the world.
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Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) into proteins.
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Glutathione
Glutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea.
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Hepatotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity (from hepatic toxicity) implies chemical-driven liver damage.
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Homocysteine
Homocysteine is a non-proteinogenic α-amino acid.
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Homologous series
In organic chemistry, a homologous series is a series of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties.
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Homoserine
Homoserine (also called isothreonine) is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH2CH2OH.
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Homoserine dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a homoserine dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction The 2 substrates of this enzyme are L-homoserine and NAD+ (or NADP+), whereas its 3 products are L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde, NADH (or NADPH), and H+.
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Homoserine O-succinyltransferase
In enzymology, a homoserine O-succinyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are succinyl-CoA and L-homoserine, whereas its two products are CoA and O-succinyl-L-homoserine.
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HSAB theory
HSAB concept is an initialism for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases".
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Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is the chemical compound with the chemical formula H2S.
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Kozak consensus sequence
The Kozak consensus sequence, Kozak consensus or Kozak sequence is a sequence which occurs on eukaryotic mRNA and has the consensus (gcc)gccRccAUGG.
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Lecithin
Lecithin (from the Greek lekithos, "egg yolk") is a generic term to designate any group of yellow-brownish fatty substances occurring in animal and plant tissues, which are amphiphilic – they attract both water and fatty substances (and so are both hydrophilic and lipophilic), and are used for smoothing food textures, dissolving powders (emulsifying), homogenizing liquid mixtures, and repelling sticking materials.
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Legume
A legume is a plant or its fruit or seed in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae).
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Lentil
The lentil (Lens culinaris or Lens esculenta) is an edible pulse.
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Lysidine (nucleoside)
Lysidine is an uncommon nucleoside, rarely seen outside of tRNA.
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Lysine
Lysine (symbol Lys or K) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Maize
Maize (Zea mays subsp. mays, from maíz after Taíno mahiz), also known as corn, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.
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Messenger RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression.
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Methanethiol
Methanethiol (also known as methyl mercaptan) is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula.
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Methionine sulfoxide
Methionine sulfoxide is the organic compound with the formula CH3S(O)CH2CH2CH(NH2)CO2H.
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Methionine synthase
Methionine synthase also known as MS, MeSe, MetH is responsible for the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine.
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Methyl group
A methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms — CH3.
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Methyltransferase
Methyltransferases are a large group of enzymes that all methylate their substrates but can be split into several subclasses based on their structural features.
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Michael reaction
The Michael reaction or Michael addition is the nucleophilic addition of a carbanion or another nucleophile to an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound.
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Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.
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N-Formylmethionine
N-Formylmethionine (fMet) is a derivative of the amino acid methionine in which a formyl group has been added to the amino group.
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National Academy of Medicine
The National Academy of Medicine (NAM), formerly called the Institute of Medicine (IoM), is an American nonprofit, non-governmental organization.
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Nature (journal)
Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.
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Norleucine
Norleucine (abbreviated as Nle) is an amino acid with the formula CH3(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H.
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O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase
In enzymology, an O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are O-acetyl-L-homoserine and methanethiol, whereas its two products are L-methionine and acetate.
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Oat
The oat (Avena sativa), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed, which is known by the same name (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals).
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Oxidative stress
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage.
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Papilio cresphontes
The giant swallowtail (Papilio cresphontes) is the largest butterfly in North America.
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Peanut
The peanut, also known as the groundnut or the goober and taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea, is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds.
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Peptide
Peptides (from Gr.: πεπτός, peptós "digested"; derived from πέσσειν, péssein "to digest") are short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide (amide) bonds.
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Pet food
Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption by pets.
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Phosphatidylcholine
Phosphatidylcholines (PC) are a class of phospholipids that incorporate choline as a headgroup.
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Phospholipid
Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a major component of all cell membranes.
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Photo-reactive amino acid analog
Photo-reactive amino acid analogs are artificial analogs of natural amino acids that can be used for crosslinking of protein complexes.
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Plant
Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.
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Pork
Pork is the culinary name for meat from a domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus).
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Post-translational modification
Post-translational modification (PTM) refers to the covalent and generally enzymatic modification of proteins following protein biosynthesis.
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Propionyl-CoA
Propionyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative of propionic acid.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Proteinogenic amino acid
Proteinogenic amino acids are amino acids that are incorporated biosynthetically into proteins during translation.
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Protonation
In chemistry, protonation is the addition of a proton (H+) to an atom, molecule, or ion, forming the conjugate acid.
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Pyridoxal phosphate
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions.
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Racemic mixture
In chemistry, a racemic mixture, or racemate, is one that has equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of a chiral molecule.
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Radical SAM
Radical SAM is a designation for a superfamily of enzymes that use a + cluster to reductively cleave S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to generate a radical, usually a 5′-deoxyadenosyl radical, as a critical intermediate.
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Reactive oxygen species
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen.
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Ribosome
The ribosome is a complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation).
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Rice
Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice).
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S-Adenosyl methionine
S-Adenosyl methionineSAM-e, SAMe, SAM, S-Adenosyl-L-methionine, AdoMet, ademetionine is a common cosubstrate involved in methyl group transfers, transsulfuration, and aminopropylation.
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S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is an amino acid derivative used in several metabolic pathways in most organisms.
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S-adenosylmethionine synthetase enzyme
S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (also known as methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT)) is an enzyme that creates S-adenosylmethionine (a.k.a. AdoMet, SAM or SAMe) by reacting methionine (a non-polar amino acid) and ATP (the basic currency of energy).
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Sesame
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum, also called benne.
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Shang Fa Yang
Shang Fa Yang (November 10, 1932 – February 12, 2007) was an acclaimed plant scientist and a professor at the University of California, Davis.
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Start codon
The start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript translated by a ribosome.
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Steatohepatitis
Steatohepatitis is a type of fatty liver disease, characterized by inflammation of the liver with concurrent fat accumulation in liver.
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Succinyl-CoA
Succinyl-Coenzyme A, abbreviated as Succinyl-CoA or SucCoA, is a combination of succinic acid and coenzyme A.
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Sulfonium
A sulfonium ion, also known as sulphonium ion or sulfanium ion, is a positively charged ion (a "cation") featuring three organic substituents attached to sulfur.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Taurine
No description.
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Thioether
A thioether is a functional group in organosulfur chemistry with the connectivity C–S–C as shown on right.
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Translation (biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus.
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Transsulfuration pathway
The transsulfuration pathway is a metabolic pathway involving the interconversion of cysteine and homocysteine, through the intermediate cystathionine.
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Trimethylglycine
Trimethylglycine (TMG) is an amino acid derivative that occurs in plants.
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Tryptophan
Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Veganism
Veganism is the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.
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Vertebrate mitochondrial code
The vertebrate mitochondrial code is the genetic code found in the mitochondria of all vertebrata.
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Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body: it is a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.
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Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 refers to a group of chemically similar compounds which can be interconverted in biological systems.
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Yeast mitochondrial code
The yeast mitochondrial code is a genetic code used by the mitochondrial genome of yeasts, notably Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida glabrata, Hansenula saturnus, and Kluyveromyces thermotolerans.
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Redirects here:
ATC code V03AB26, ATCvet code QA05BA90, ATCvet code QG04BA90, ATCvet code QV03AB26, Acimethin, Cymethion, DL-METHIONINE, DL-Methionine, Dl-Methionine, L-Methionine, L-methionine, Methigel, Methioform, Methionine metabolism, Methioninium, Methionyl.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methionine
