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Milk allergy

Index Milk allergy

Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more proteins in cow's milk. [1]

95 relations: Acute (medicine), Allergen immunotherapy, Allergy, Amino acid-based formula, Anaphylaxis, Antihistamine, Asthma, Atopic dermatitis, B cell, Basophil, Casein, Chewing gum, Chocolate, Coeliac disease, Cyanosis, Cytokine, Dark chocolate, Degranulation, Denaturation (biochemistry), Desensitization (medicine), Diphenhydramine, Eggnog, Enteropathy, Enzyme, Eosinophil, Eosinophilic esophagitis, Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, Epinephrine (medication), Epinephrine autoinjector, Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act, Food allergy, Food Allergy Initiative, Food and Drug Administration, Food intolerance, Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Galactose, Gastroenteritis, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Gastrointestinal tract, Genetic disorder, Glucose, Histamine, Hives, Hot dog, Immune system, Immune tolerance, Immunoglobulin E, Infection, ..., Inflammatory bowel disease, Interleukin, Lactalbumin, Lactase, Lactose intolerance, Leukotriene, List of allergens, Lunch meat, Lymphocyte, Macrophage, Margarine, Mashed potato, Mast cell, Medical food, Milk, Mucous membrane, National Health Service (England), Nerve, Neutrophil, Non-celiac gluten sensitivity, Non-dairy creamer, Patch test, Potato chip, Prebiotic (nutrition), Prednisone, Preterm birth, Probiotic, Proctocolitis, Prostaglandin, Protein, Rhinorrhea, Shortness of breath, Skin allergy test, Small intestine, Smooth muscle tissue, Sorbet, Soy allergy, Synbiotics, T cell, Type I hypersensitivity, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Vasodilation, Veganism, Whey, White blood cell. Expand index (45 more) »

Acute (medicine)

In medicine, describing a disease as acute denotes that it is of short duration and, as a corollary of that, of recent onset.

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Allergen immunotherapy

Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for some types of allergies.

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Allergy

Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment.

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Amino acid-based formula

Amino acid-based formula, also known as an elemental formula, is a type of hypoallergenic infant formula made from individual amino acids.

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Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death.

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Antihistamine

Antihistamines are drugs which treat allergic rhinitis and other allergies.

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Asthma

Asthma is a common long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.

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Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis).

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B cell

B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype.

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Basophil

Basophils are a type of white blood cells.

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Casein

Casein ("kay-seen", from Latin caseus, "cheese") is a family of related phosphoproteins (αS1, αS2, β, κ).

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Chewing gum

Chewing gum is a soft, cohesive substance designed to be chewed without being swallowed.

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Chocolate

Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of Theobroma cacao seeds, roasted and ground.

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Coeliac disease

Coeliac disease, also spelled celiac disease, is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the small intestine.

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Cyanosis

Cyanosis is defined as the bluish or purplish discolouration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface having low oxygen saturation.

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Cytokine

Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–20 kDa) that are important in cell signaling.

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Dark chocolate

Dark chocolate (also known as black chocolate or plain chocolate) is a form of chocolate which contains a higher percentage of cocoa solids and cocoa butter than milk chocolate, and little to no dairy product.

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Degranulation

Degranulation is a cellular process that releases antimicrobial cytotoxic or other molecules from secretory vesicles called granules found inside some cells.

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Denaturation (biochemistry)

Denaturation is a process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose the quaternary structure, tertiary structure, and secondary structure which is present in their native state, by application of some external stress or compound such as a strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), radiation or heat.

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Desensitization (medicine)

In medicine, desensitization is a method to reduce or eliminate an organism's negative reaction to a substance or stimulus.

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Diphenhydramine

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine mainly used to treat allergies.

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Eggnog

Eggnog, egg nog or egg-nog, historically also known (when alcoholic beverages are added) as milk punch or egg milk punch, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, dairy-based beverage.

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Enteropathy

Enteropathy refers to any pathology of the intestine.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.

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Eosinophil

Eosinophils sometimes called eosinophiles or, less commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrates. Along with mast cells and basophils, they also control mechanisms associated with allergy and asthma. They are granulocytes that develop during hematopoiesis in the bone marrow before migrating into blood, after which they are terminally differentiated and do not multiply. These cells are eosinophilic or "acid-loving" due to their large acidophilic cytoplasmic granules, which show their affinity for acids by their affinity to coal tar dyes: Normally transparent, it is this affinity that causes them to appear brick-red after staining with eosin, a red dye, using the Romanowsky method. The staining is concentrated in small granules within the cellular cytoplasm, which contain many chemical mediators, such as eosinophil peroxidase, ribonuclease (RNase), deoxyribonucleases (DNase), lipase, plasminogen, and major basic protein. These mediators are released by a process called degranulation following activation of the eosinophil, and are toxic to both parasite and host tissues. In normal individuals, eosinophils make up about 1–3% of white blood cells, and are about 12–17 micrometres in size with bilobed nuclei. While they are released into the bloodstream as neutrophils are, eosinophils reside in tissue They are found in the medulla and the junction between the cortex and medulla of the thymus, and, in the lower gastrointestinal tract, ovary, uterus, spleen, and lymph nodes, but not in the lung, skin, esophagus, or some other internal organs under normal conditions. The presence of eosinophils in these latter organs is associated with disease. For instance, patients with eosinophilic asthma have high levels of eosinophils that lead to inflammation and tissue damage, making it more difficult for patients to breathe. Eosinophils persist in the circulation for 8–12 hours, and can survive in tissue for an additional 8–12 days in the absence of stimulation. Pioneering work in the 1980s elucidated that eosinophils were unique granulocytes, having the capacity to survive for extended periods of time after their maturation as demonstrated by ex-vivo culture experiments.

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Eosinophilic esophagitis

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE, also spelled eosinophilic oesophagitis), also known as allergic oesophagitis, is an allergic inflammatory condition of the esophagus that involves eosinophils, a type of white blood cell.

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Eosinophilic gastroenteritis

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare and heterogeneous condition characterized by patchy or diffuse eosinophilic infiltration of gastrointestinal (GI) tissue, first described by Kaijser in 1937.

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Epinephrine (medication)

Epinephrine, also known as adrenalin or adrenaline, is a medication and hormone.

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Epinephrine autoinjector

An epinephrine autoinjector is a medical device for injecting a measured dose or doses of epinephrine (adrenaline) by means of autoinjector technology.

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Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas.

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Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act

The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) is a United States law that requires all food labels in the United States to list ingredients that may cause allergic reactions, and was effective as of January 1, 2006.

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Food allergy

A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.

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Food Allergy Initiative

The Food Allergy Initiative (FAI) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded in 1998 with the mission to fund food allergy research that seeks a cure, to improve diagnosis and treatment, and to keep patients safe through advocacy and education.

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Food and Drug Administration

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.

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Food intolerance

Food intolerance is a detrimental reaction, often delayed, to a food, beverage, food additive, or compound found in foods that produces symptoms in one or more body organs and systems, but generally refers to reactions other than food allergy.

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Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome

Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) is a severe systemic response to food protein that typically occurs 1 to 4 hours after the ingestion of the causative food and frequently develops in the first few years of life.

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Food Safety and Inspection Service

The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), is the public health regulatory agency responsible for ensuring that United States' commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged.

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Galactose

Galactose (galacto- + -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 30% as sweet as sucrose.

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Gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract -- the stomach and small intestine.

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), also known as acid reflux, is a long-term condition where stomach contents come back up into the esophagus resulting in either symptoms or complications.

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Gastrointestinal tract

The gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract, digestional tract, GI tract, GIT, gut, or alimentary canal) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.

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Genetic disorder

A genetic disorder is a genetic problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome.

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Glucose

Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6.

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Histamine

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses, as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus.

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Hives

Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps.

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Hot dog

A hot dog (also spelled hotdog), also known as a frankfurter (sometimes shortened to frank), dog, or wiener, is a cooked sausage, traditionally grilled or steamed and served in a partially sliced bun.

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Immune system

The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.

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Immune tolerance

Immune tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immunotolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in given organism.It is induced by prior exposure to that specific antigen.

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Immunoglobulin E

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of antibody (or immunoglobulin (Ig) "isotype") that has only been found in mammals.

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Infection

Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.

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Inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine.

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Interleukin

Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines (secreted proteins and signal molecules) that were first seen to be expressed by white blood cells (leukocytes).

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Lactalbumin

Lactalbumin, also known as "whey protein", is the albumin contained in milk and obtained from whey.

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Lactase

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms.

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Lactose intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a condition in which people have symptoms due to the decreased ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products.

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Leukotriene

Leukotrienes are a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes by the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA) and the essential fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by the enzyme arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.

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List of allergens

This is a list of allergies, which includes the allergen, potential reactions, and a brief description of the cause where applicable.

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Lunch meat

Lunch meats—also known as cold cuts, luncheon meats, cooked meats, sliced meats, cold meats and deli meats—are precooked or cured meat, often sausages or meat loaves, that are sliced and served cold or hot on sandwiches or on party trays.

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Lymphocyte

A lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of white blood cell in a vertebrate's immune system.

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Macrophage

Macrophages (big eaters, from Greek μακρός (makrós).

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Margarine

Margarine is an imitation butter spread used for flavoring, baking, and cooking.

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Mashed potato

Mashed potato (British English) or mashed potatoes (American English and Canadian English), colloquially known as mash, is a dish prepared by mashing boiled potatoes.

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Mast cell

A mast cell (also known as a mastocyte or a labrocyte) is a type of white blood cell.

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Medical food

Medical foods are foods that are specially formulated and intended for the dietary management of a disease that has distinctive nutritional needs that cannot be met by normal diet alone.

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Milk

Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals.

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Mucous membrane

A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs.

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National Health Service (England)

The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded national healthcare system for England and one of the four National Health Services for each constituent country of the United Kingdom.

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Nerve

A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons (nerve fibers, the long and slender projections of neurons) in the peripheral nervous system.

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Neutrophil

Neutrophils (also known as neutrocytes) are the most abundant type of granulocytes and the most abundant (40% to 70%) type of white blood cells in most mammals.

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Non-celiac gluten sensitivity

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or gluten sensitivity is defined as "a clinical entity induced by the ingestion of gluten leading to intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that improve once the gluten-containing foodstuff is removed from the diet, and celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded".

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Non-dairy creamer

Non-dairy creamers or coffee whiteners are liquid or granular substances intended to substitute for milk or cream as an additive to coffee, tea, hot chocolate or other beverages.

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Patch test

A patch test is a method used to determine whether a specific substance causes allergic inflammation of a patient's skin.

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Potato chip

Potato chips or crisps are thin slices of potato that have been deep fried or baked until crunchy.

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Prebiotic (nutrition)

Prebiotics are food ingredients that induce the growth or activity of beneficial microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and fungi).

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Prednisone

Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is mostly used to suppress the immune system.

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Preterm birth

Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age.

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Probiotic

Probiotics are microorganisms that are claimed to provide health benefits when consumed.

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Proctocolitis

Proctocolitis is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon.

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Prostaglandin

The prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds having diverse hormone-like effects in animals.

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Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Rhinorrhea

Rhinorrhea or rhinorrhoea is a condition where the nasal cavity is filled with a significant amount of mucus fluid.

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Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath, also known as dyspnea, is the feeling that one cannot breathe well enough.

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Skin allergy test

Skin allergy testing or Skin prick test is a method for medical diagnosis of allergies that attempts to provoke a small, controlled, allergic response.

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Small intestine

The small intestine or small bowel is the part of the gastrointestinal tract between the stomach and the large intestine, and is where most of the end absorption of food takes place.

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Smooth muscle tissue

Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle.

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Sorbet

Sorbet is a frozen dessert made from sweetened water with flavoring (typically fruit juice or fruit purée, wine, liqueur or, very rarely, honey).

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Soy allergy

Soy allergy is a type of food allergy.

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Synbiotics

Synbiotics refer to food ingredients or dietary supplements combining probiotics and prebiotics in a form of synergism, hence synbiotics.

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T cell

A T cell, or T lymphocyte, is a type of lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.

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Type I hypersensitivity

Type I hypersensitivity (or immediate hypersensitivity) is an allergic reaction provoked by reexposure to a specific type of antigen referred to as an allergen.

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University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics

University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics (UW Hospital and Clinics or UWHC) is a 592-bed academic medical center with 85 outpatient clinics in Madison, Wisconsin.

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Vasodilation

Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels.

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Veganism

Veganism is the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.

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Whey

Whey is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained.

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White blood cell

White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

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Redirects here:

Bovine protein allergy, CMP intolerance, Casein Intolerance, Casein intolerance, Cow milk allergy, Cow milk protein intolerance, Cow's milk protein allergy, Cow's milk protein intolerance, Dairy allergy, Dairy-free, Hypersensitivity to bovine protein, Milk allergies, Milk hypersensitivity, Milk protein intolerance.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_allergy

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