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83 relations: Acceptable daily intake, Acetic anhydride, Amylase, Batter (cooking), Biodegradable polymer, Chemical reaction, Chloroacetic acid, Coated paper, Cross-link, Cyclodextrin, Derivative (chemistry), Dessert, Dextrin, DNA, Drum drying, E number, Electric charge, Emulsion, Enzyme, Ester, Ether, Ethylene oxide, Excipient, Fat substitute, Food additive, Food extrusion, Food industry, French dressing, Fructose, Genetically modified food, Genetically modified organism, Glucose, Glucose syrup, Gravy, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydrophobe, Hydroxyethyl starch, Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate, Ingredient, International Numbering System for Food Additives, Ion, Jelly bean, Lasagne, Macaroni and cheese, Maltodextrin, Mandatory labelling, Medication, Mineral acid, Mouthfeel, ..., Olestra, Paper machine, Phosphate, Phosphated distarch phosphate, Phosphorous acid, Physical change, Pizza, Potassium hydroxide, Potassium phosphate, Propylene oxide, Pulp and paper industry, Resistant starch, Retrogradation (starch), Rheology, Salami, Sizing, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium hypochlorite, Sodium phosphates, Sodium trimetaphosphate, Sodium triphosphate, Spray drying, Starch, Starch gelatinization, Sugar substitute, Syrup, Tablet (pharmacy), Textile printing, Thickening agent, United Kingdom food labelling regulations, Viscosity, Wallpaper paste, Yogurt. Expand index (33 more) »
Acceptable daily intake
Acceptable daily intake or ADI is a measure of the amount of a specific substance (originally applied for a food additive, later also for a residue of a veterinary drug or pesticide) in food or drinking water that can be ingested (orally) on a daily basis over a lifetime without an appreciable health risk.
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Acetic anhydride
Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH3CO)2O.
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Amylase
An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars.
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Batter (cooking)
Batter is thin dough that can be easily poured into a pan.
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Biodegradable polymer
Biodegradable polymers are a specific type of polymer that breaks down after its intended purpose to result in natural byproducts such as gases (CO2, N2), water, biomass, and inorganic salts. These polymers are found both naturally and synthetically made, and largely consist of ester, amide, and ether functional groups. Their properties and breakdown mechanism are determined by their exact structure. These polymers are often synthesized by condensation reactions, ring opening polymerization, and metal catalysts. There are vast examples and applications of biodegradable polymers. Bio-based packaging materials have been introduced as a green alternative in the past decades, among which, edible films have gained more attention due to their environmentally-friendly characteristics, vast variety and availability, non-toxicity, and low cost.
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Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.
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Chloroacetic acid
Chloroacetic acid, industrially known as monochloroacetic acid (MCA) is the organochlorine compound with the formula ClCH2CO2H.
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Coated paper
Coated paper is paper which has been coated by a mixture of materials or a polymer to impart certain qualities to the paper, including weight, surface gloss, smoothness or reduced ink absorbency.
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Cross-link
A cross-link is a bond that links one polymer chain to another.
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Cyclodextrin
Cyclodextrins (sometimes called cycloamyloses) are a family of compounds made up of sugar molecules bound together in a ring (cyclic oligosaccharides).
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Derivative (chemistry)
In chemistry, a derivative is a compound that is derived from a similar compound by a chemical reaction.
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Dessert
Dessert is a confectionery course that concludes a main meal.
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Dextrin
Dextrins are a group of low-molecular-weight carbohydrates produced by the hydrolysis of starch or glycogen.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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Drum drying
Drum drying is a method used for drying out liquids from raw materials with drying drum.
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E number
E numbers are codes for substances that are permitted to be used as food additives for use within the European Union and EFTA.
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Electric charge
Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
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Emulsion
An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (unmixable or unblendable).
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Ester
In chemistry, an ester is a chemical compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one –OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an –O–alkyl (alkoxy) group.
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Ether
Ethers are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group—an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups.
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Ethylene oxide
Ethylene oxide, called oxirane by IUPAC, is an organic compound with the formula. It is a cyclic ether and the simplest epoxide: a three-membered ring consisting of one oxygen atom and two carbon atoms. Ethylene oxide is a colorless and flammable gas with a faintly sweet odor. Because it is a strained ring, ethylene oxide easily participates in a number of addition reactions that result in ring-opening. Ethylene oxide is isomeric with acetaldehyde and with vinyl alcohol. Ethylene oxide is industrially produced by oxidation of ethylene in the presence of silver catalyst. The reactivity that is responsible for many of ethylene oxide's hazards also make it useful. Although too dangerous for direct household use and generally unfamiliar to consumers, ethylene oxide is used for making many consumer products as well as non-consumer chemicals and intermediates. These products include detergents, thickeners, solvents, plastics, and various organic chemicals such as ethylene glycol, ethanolamines, simple and complex glycols, polyglycol ethers, and other compounds. Although it is a vital raw material with diverse applications, including the manufacture of products like polysorbate 20 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) that are often more effective and less toxic than alternative materials, ethylene oxide itself is a very hazardous substance. At room temperature it is a flammable, carcinogenic, mutagenic, irritating, and anaesthetic gas. As a toxic gas that leaves no residue on items it contacts, ethylene oxide is a surface disinfectant that is widely used in hospitals and the medical equipment industry to replace steam in the sterilization of heat-sensitive tools and equipment, such as disposable plastic syringes. It is so flammable and extremely explosive that it is used as a main component of thermobaric weapons; therefore, it is commonly handled and shipped as a refrigerated liquid to control its hazardous nature.Rebsdat, Siegfried and Mayer, Dieter (2005) "Ethylene Oxide" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim..
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Excipient
An excipient is a substance formulated alongside the active ingredient of a medication, included for the purpose of long-term stabilization, bulking up solid formulations that contain potent active ingredients in small amounts (thus often referred to as "bulking agents", "fillers", or "diluents"), or to confer a therapeutic enhancement on the active ingredient in the final dosage form, such as facilitating drug absorption, reducing viscosity, or enhancing solubility.
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Fat substitute
A fat substitute is a food product with the same functions, stability, physical, and chemical characteristics as regular fat, with fewer Calories per gram than fat.
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Food additive
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance its taste, appearance, or other qualities.
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Food extrusion
Food extrusion is a form of extrusion used in food processing.
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Food industry
The food industry is a complex, global collective of diverse businesses that supplies most of the food consumed by the world population.
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French dressing
French dressing is a term originally used for any oil-and-vinegar-based salad dressing.
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Fructose
Fructose, or fruit sugar, is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose.
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Genetically modified food
Genetically modified foods or GM foods, also known as genetically engineered foods, bioengineered foods, genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering.
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Genetically modified organism
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques (i.e., a genetically engineered organism).
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Glucose
Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6.
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Glucose syrup
Glucose syrup, also known as confectioner's glucose, is a syrup made from the hydrolysis of starch.
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Gravy
Gravy is a sauce often made from the juices of meats that run naturally during cooking and thickened with wheat flour or cornstarch for added texture.
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Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid is a colorless inorganic chemical system with the formula.
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Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula.
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Hydrophobe
In chemistry, hydrophobicity is the physical property of a molecule (known as a hydrophobe) that is seemingly repelled from a mass of water.
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Hydroxyethyl starch
Hydroxyethyl starch (HES/HAES), sold under the brand name Voluven among others, is a nonionic starch derivative, used as a volume expander in intravenous therapy.
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Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate
Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate (HDP) is a modified resistant starch.
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Ingredient
An ingredient is a substance that forms part of a mixture (in a general sense).
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International Numbering System for Food Additives
The International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) is a European-based naming system for food additives, aimed at providing a short designation of what may be a lengthy actual name.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Jelly bean
Jelly beans are small bean-shaped sugar candies with soft candy shells and thick gel interiors.
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Lasagne
Lasagne (singular lasagna) are wide, flat pasta, and possibly one of the oldest types of pasta.
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Macaroni and cheese
Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United KingdomBBC, Recipes, —is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.
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Maltodextrin
Maltodextrin is a polysaccharide that is used as a food additive.
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Mandatory labelling
Mandatory labelling or labeling (see spelling differences) is the requirement of consumer products to state their ingredients or components.
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Medication
A medication (also referred to as medicine, pharmaceutical drug, or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
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Mineral acid
A mineral acid (or inorganic acid) is an acid derived from one or more inorganic compounds.
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Mouthfeel
Mouthfeel refers to the physical sensations in the mouth caused by food or drink, as distinct from taste.
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Olestra
Olestra (also known by its brand name Olean) is a fat substitute that adds no fat, calories, or cholesterol to products.
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Paper machine
A paper machine (or paper-making machine) is an industrial machine used in the Pulp and paper industry to create paper in large quantities at high speed.
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Phosphate
A phosphate is chemical derivative of phosphoric acid.
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Phosphated distarch phosphate
Phosphated distarch phosphate, is a modified resistant starch.
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Phosphorous acid
Phosphorous acid is the compound described by the formula H3PO3.
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Physical change
Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition.
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Pizza
Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.
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Potassium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash.
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Potassium phosphate
Potassium phosphate is a generic term for the salts of potassium and phosphate ions including.
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Propylene oxide
Propylene oxide is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3CHCH2O.
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Pulp and paper industry
The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use wood as raw material and produce pulp, paper, paperboard and other cellulose-based products.
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Resistant starch
Resistant starch (RS) is starch, including its degradation products, that escapes from digestion in the small intestine of healthy individuals.
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Retrogradation (starch)
Retrogradation is a reaction that takes place when the amylose and amylopectin chains in cooked, gelatinized starch realign themselves as the cooked starch cools.
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Rheology
Rheology (from Greek ῥέω rhéō, "flow" and -λoγία, -logia, "study of") is the study of the flow of matter, primarily in a liquid state, but also as "soft solids" or solids under conditions in which they respond with plastic flow rather than deforming elastically in response to an applied force.
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Salami
Salami (singular salame) is a type of cured sausage consisting of fermented and air-dried meat, typically beef or pork.
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Sizing
Sizing or size is any one of numerous substances that is applied to, or incorporated into, other materials — especially papers and textiles — to act as a protective filler or glaze.
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Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations and hydroxide anions. Sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic base and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and may cause severe chemical burns. It is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. It forms a series of hydrates NaOH·n. The monohydrate NaOH· crystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound. As one of the simplest hydroxides, it is frequently utilized alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students. Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Worldwide production in 2004 was approximately 60 million tonnes, while demand was 51 million tonnes.
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Sodium hypochlorite
No description.
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Sodium phosphates
Sodium phosphate is a generic term for a variety of salts of sodium (Na+) and phosphate (PO43−).
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Sodium trimetaphosphate
Sodium trimetaphosphate (also STMP), with formula Na3P3O9, is a metaphosphate of sodium.
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Sodium triphosphate
Sodium triphosphate (STP), also sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), or tripolyphosphate (TPP)) is an inorganic compound with formula Na5P3O10. It is the sodium salt of the polyphosphate penta-anion, which is the conjugate base of triphosphoric acid. It is produced on a large scale as a component of many domestic and industrial products, especially detergents. Environmental problems associated with eutrophication are attributed to its widespread use.
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Spray drying
Spray drying is a method of producing a dry powder from a liquid or slurry by rapidly drying with a hot gas.
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Starch
Starch or amylum is a polymeric carbohydrate consisting of a large number of glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds.
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Starch gelatinization
Starch gelatinization is a process of breaking down the intermolecular bonds of starch molecules in the presence of water and heat, allowing the hydrogen bonding sites (the hydroxyl hydrogen and oxygen) to engage more water.
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Sugar substitute
A sugar substitute is a food additive that provides a sweet taste like that of sugar while containing significantly less food energy.
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Syrup
In cooking, a syrup or sirup (from شراب; sharāb, beverage, wine and sirupus) is a condiment that is a thick, viscous liquid consisting primarily of a solution of sugar in water, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars but showing little tendency to deposit crystals.
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Tablet (pharmacy)
A tablet is a pharmaceutical dosage form.
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Textile printing
Textile printing is the process of applying colour to fabric in definite patterns or designs.
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Thickening agent
A thickening agent or thickener is a substance which can increase the viscosity of a liquid without substantially changing its other properties.
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United Kingdom food labelling regulations
The law in the UK on food labelling is multifaceted and is spread over many reforms and parliamentary acts, making the subject complex.
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Viscosity
The viscosity of a fluid is the measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress.
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Wallpaper paste
Adhesive flakes that are mixed with water to produce wallpaper paste Wallpaper adhesive or wallpaper paste is a specific adhesive, based on modified starch or methylcellulose, used to fix wallpaper to walls.
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Yogurt
Yogurt, yoghurt, or yoghourt (or; from yoğurt; other spellings listed below) is a food produced by bacterial fermentation of milk.
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Acid treated starch, E1401, Modified Food Starch, Modified corn starch, Modified cornstarch, Modified food starch, Pre-gelatinised starch, Pre-gelatinized starch, Starch derivatives, Starch derivatization.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_starch
