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Motherboard

Index Motherboard

A motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, baseboard, planar board or logic board, or colloquially, a mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose microcomputers and other expandable systems. [1]

124 relations: Accelerated Graphics Port, Advanced Micro Devices, Air cooling, AMD CrossFireX, Apple II, ATX, Backplane, Ball grid array, BIOS, Booting, Bus (computing), C't, Capacitor, Capacitor plague, CD-ROM, Central processing unit, Chipset, Clock generator, Clock signal, Computer case, Computer case screws, Computer data storage, Computer fan, Computer form factor, Computer graphics, Computer hardware, Computer keyboard, Computer memory, Computer mouse, Computer network, Conventional PCI, CPU socket, Crash (computing), Desktop computer, DIMM, Direct current, Disk controller, DVD, Dynamic random-access memory, EEPROM, Electrolyte, Electrolytic capacitor, Electronic component, Embedded system, Erratum, Expansion card, External storage, Fast Ethernet, Fingerprint, Firmware, ..., Flash memory, Floppy disk, Front-side bus, GeForce 8 series, Hard disk drive, Heat sink, Home theater PC, IBM PCjr, IBM Personal Computer, IEEE 1394, Infrared Data Association, Input/output, Integrated circuit, Intel, Laptop, Latching switch, List of computer hardware manufacturers, Macintosh, Megabit, Memory Reference Code, MicroATX, Microcomputer, Microprocessor, Netbook, Network interface controller, Non-volatile memory, Nonvolatile BIOS memory, Northbridge (computing), Nvidia, Operating system, Overclocking, Parallel ATA, Parallel port, Passive cooling, PCI Express, Peripheral, Personal computer, Power supply, Power supply unit (computer), Power-on self-test, Printed circuit board, Program counter, Radeon HD 2000 series, Read-only memory, Reverse engineering, S-100 bus, S/PDIF, Scalable Link Interface, SCSI, Serial ATA, Serial port, Server (computing), Single-board computer, Small form factor, Software, Sound card, Sun Microsystems, Super I/O, Switched-mode power supply, Symmetric multiprocessing, System monitor, Tablet computer, Temperature, Thermal design power, TV tuner card, TV-out, USB, VIA C3, Video card, Video Graphics Array, Voltage, X86, 2D computer graphics, 3D computer graphics. Expand index (74 more) »

Accelerated Graphics Port

The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) was designed as a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer system, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics.

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Advanced Micro Devices

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets.

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Air cooling

Air cooling is a method of dissipating heat.

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AMD CrossFireX

AMD CrossFire (also known as CrossFireX) is a brand name for the multi-GPU technology by Advanced Micro Devices, originally developed by ATI Technologies.

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Apple II

The Apple II (stylized as Apple.

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ATX

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended) is a motherboard configuration specification developed by Intel in 1995 to improve on previous ''de facto'' standards like the AT design.

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Backplane

A backplane (or "backplane system") is a group of electrical connectors in parallel with each other, so that each pin of each connector is linked to the same relative pin of all the other connectors, forming a computer bus.

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Ball grid array

A ball grid array (BGA) is a type of surface-mount packaging (a chip carrier) used for integrated circuits.

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BIOS

BIOS (an acronym for Basic Input/Output System and also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS) is non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup), and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs.

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Booting

In computing, booting is starting up a computer or computer appliance until it can be used.

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Bus (computing)

In computer architecture, a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.

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C't

c't – Magazin für Computertechnik (magazine for computer technology) is a German computer magazine, published by the Heinz Heise publishing house.

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Capacitor

A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores potential energy in an electric field.

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Capacitor plague

The capacitor plague was a problem related to a higher-than-expected failure rate of non-solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors, between 1999 and 2007, especially those from some Taiwanese manufacturers, due to faulty electrolyte composition that caused corrosion accompanied by gas generation, often rupturing the case of the capacitor from the build-up of pressure.

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CD-ROM

A CD-ROM is a pre-pressed optical compact disc which contains data.

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Central processing unit

A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

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Chipset

In a computer system, a chipset is a set of electronic components in an integrated circuit known as a "Data Flow Management System" that manages the data flow between the processor, memory and peripherals.

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Clock generator

A clock generator is a circuit that produces a timing signal (known as a clock signal and behaves as such) for use in synchronizing a circuit's operation.

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Clock signal

In electronics and especially synchronous digital circuits, a clock signal is a particular type of signal that oscillates between a high and a low state and is used like a metronome to coordinate actions of digital circuits.

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Computer case

A computer case, also known as a computer chassis, tower, system unit or cabinet, is the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer (usually excluding the display, keyboard and mouse).

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Computer case screws

Computer case screws are the hardware used to secure parts of a PC to the case.

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Computer data storage

Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data.

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Computer fan

A computer fan is any fan inside, or attached to, a computer case used for active cooling, and may refer to fans that draw cooler air into the case from the outside, expel warm air from inside, or move air across a heat sink to cool a particular component.

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Computer form factor

In computing, the form factor is the specification of a motherboard – the dimensions, power supply type, location of mounting holes, number of ports on the back panel, etc.

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Computer graphics

Computer graphics are pictures and films created using computers.

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Computer hardware

Computer hardware includes the physical parts or components of a computer, such as the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, graphic card, sound card and motherboard.

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Computer keyboard

In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches.

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Computer memory

In computing, memory refers to the computer hardware integrated circuits that store information for immediate use in a computer; it is synonymous with the term "primary storage".

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Computer mouse

A computer mouse is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface.

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Computer network

A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources.

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Conventional PCI

Conventional PCI, often shortened to PCI, is a local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer.

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CPU socket

In computer hardware, a CPU socket or CPU slot comprises one or more mechanical components providing mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB).

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Crash (computing)

In computing, a crash (or system crash) occurs when a computer program, such as a software application or an operating system, stops functioning properly and exits.

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Desktop computer

A desktop computer is a personal computer designed for regular use at a single location on or near a desk or table due to its size and power requirements.

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DIMM

A DIMM or dual in-line memory module comprises a series of dynamic random-access memory integrated circuits.

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Direct current

Direct current (DC) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge.

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Disk controller

The disk controller is the controller circuit which enables the CPU to communicate with a hard disk, floppy disk or other kind of disk drive.

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DVD

DVD (an abbreviation of "digital video disc" or "digital versatile disc") is a digital optical disc storage format invented and developed by Philips and Sony in 1995.

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Dynamic random-access memory

Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a separate tiny capacitor within an integrated circuit.

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EEPROM

EEPROM (also E2PROM) stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory and is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers, integrated in microcontrollers for smart cards and remote keyless system, and other electronic devices to store relatively small amounts of data but allowing individual bytes to be erased and reprogrammed.

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Electrolyte

An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water.

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Electrolytic capacitor

An electrolytic capacitor (e-cap) is a polarized capacitor whose anode or positive plate is made of a metal that forms an insulating oxide layer through anodization.

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Electronic component

An electronic component is any basic discrete device or physical entity in an electronic system used to affect electrons or their associated fields.

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Embedded system

An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints.

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Erratum

An erratum or corrigendum (plurals: errata, corrigenda) (comes from errata corrige) is a correction of a published text.

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Expansion card

In computing, the expansion card, expansion board, adapter card or accessory card is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector, or expansion slot, on a computer motherboard, backplane or riser card to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.

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External storage

In computing, external storage comprises devices that store information outside a computer.

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Fast Ethernet

In computer networking, Fast Ethernet is a collective term for a number of Ethernet standards that carry traffic at the nominal rate of 100 Mbit/s (the earlier Ethernet speed was 10 Mbit/s).

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Fingerprint

A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the friction ridges of a human finger.

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Firmware

In electronic systems and computing, firmware is a specific class of computer software that provides the low-level control for the device's specific hardware.

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Flash memory

Flash memory is an electronic (solid-state) non-volatile computer storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.

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Floppy disk

A floppy disk, also called a floppy, diskette, or just disk, is a type of disk storage composed of a disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic enclosure lined with fabric that removes dust particles.

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Front-side bus

A front-side bus (FSB) was a computer communication interface (bus) often used in Intel-chip-based computers during the 1990s and 2000s.

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GeForce 8 series

The GeForce 8 Series is the eighth generation of NVIDIA's GeForce line of graphics processing units.

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Hard disk drive

A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk is an electromechanical data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material.

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Heat sink

A heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the device's temperature at optimal levels.

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Home theater PC

A home theater PC (HTPC) or media center computer is a convergence device that combines some or all the capabilities of a personal computer with a software application that supports video, photo, audio playback, and sometimes video recording functionality.

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IBM PCjr

The IBM PCjr (read "PC junior") was IBM's first attempt to enter the home computer market.

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IBM Personal Computer

The IBM Personal Computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform.

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IEEE 1394

IEEE 1394 is an interface standard for a serial bus for high-speed communications and isochronous real-time data transfer.

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Infrared Data Association

The Infrared Data Association (IrDA) is an industry-driven interest group that was founded in 1993 by around 50 companies.

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Input/output

In computing, input/output or I/O (or, informally, io or IO) is the communication between an information processing system, such as a computer, and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing system.

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Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, normally silicon.

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Intel

Intel Corporation (stylized as intel) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in the Silicon Valley.

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Laptop

A laptop, also called a notebook computer or just notebook, is a small, portable personal computer with a "clamshell" form factor, having, typically, a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid of the "clamshell" and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.

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Latching switch

A latching switch is a switch that maintains its state after being activated.

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List of computer hardware manufacturers

Below is a list of notable computer hardware manufacturers.

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Macintosh

The Macintosh (pronounced as; branded as Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984.

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Megabit

The megabit is a multiple of the unit bit for digital information.

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Memory Reference Code

The Memory Reference Code (or MRC) is a fundamental component in the design of some computers, and is "one of the most important aspects of the BIOS" for an Intel-based motherboard.

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MicroATX

microATX (sometimes referred to as µATX, uATX or mATX) is a standard for motherboards that was introduced in December 1997.

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Microcomputer

A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU).

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Microprocessor

A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.

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Netbook

Netbook is a generic name given to a category of small, lightweight, legacy-free, and inexpensive laptop computers that were introduced in 2007.

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Network interface controller

A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter or physical network interface, and by similar terms) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.

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Non-volatile memory

Non-volatile memory (NVM) or non-volatile storage is a type of computer memory that can retrieve stored information even after having been power cycled.

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Nonvolatile BIOS memory

Nonvolatile BIOS memory refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings.

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Northbridge (computing)

A northbridge or host bridge is one of the two chips in the core logic chipset architecture on a PC motherboard, the other being the southbridge.

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Nvidia

Nvidia Corporation (most commonly referred to as Nvidia, stylized as NVIDIA, or (due to their logo) nVIDIA) is an American technology company incorporated in Delaware and based in Santa Clara, California.

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Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

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Overclocking

Overclocking is configuration of computer hardware components to operate faster than certified by the original manufacturer, with "faster" specified as clock frequency in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).

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Parallel ATA

Parallel ATA (PATA), originally, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disk drives, floppy disk drives, and optical disc drives in computers.

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Parallel port

A parallel port is a type of interface found on computers (personal and otherwise) for connecting peripherals.

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Passive cooling

Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or no energy consumption.

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PCI Express

PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express), officially abbreviated as PCIe or PCI-e, is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard, designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards.

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Peripheral

A peripheral device is "an ancillary device used to put information into and get information out of the computer." Three categories of peripheral devices exist based on their relationship with the computer.

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Personal computer

A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.

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Power supply

A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load.

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Power supply unit (computer)

A power supply unit (or PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer.

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Power-on self-test

A power-on self-test (POST) is a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after a computer or other digital electronic device is powered on.

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Printed circuit board

A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate.

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Program counter

The program counter (PC), commonly called the instruction pointer (IP) in Intel x86 and Itanium microprocessors, and sometimes called the instruction address register (IAR), the instruction counter, or just part of the instruction sequencer, is a processor register that indicates where a computer is in its program sequence.

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Radeon HD 2000 series

The graphics processing unit (GPU) codenamed Radeon R600 is the foundation of the Radeon HD 2000 series and the FireGL 2007 series video cards developed by ATI Technologies.

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Read-only memory

Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.

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Reverse engineering

Reverse engineering, also called back engineering, is the process by which a man-made object is deconstructed to reveal its designs, architecture, or to extract knowledge from the object; similar to scientific research, the only difference being that scientific research is about a natural phenomenon.

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S-100 bus

The S-100 bus or Altair bus, IEEE696-1983 (withdrawn), was an early computer bus designed in 1974 as a part of the Altair 8800.

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S/PDIF

S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) is a type of digital audio interconnect used in consumer audio equipment to output audio over reasonably short distances.

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Scalable Link Interface

Scalable Link Interface (SLI) is a brand name for a multi-GPU technology developed by Nvidia for linking two or more video cards together to produce a single output.

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SCSI

Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices.

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Serial ATA

Serial ATA (SATA, abbreviated from Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives.

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Serial port

In computing, a serial port is a serial communication interface through which information transfers in or out one bit at a time (in contrast to a parallel port).

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Server (computing)

In computing, a server is a computer program or a device that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called "clients".

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Single-board computer

A single-board computer (SBC) is a complete computer built on a single circuit board, with microprocessor(s), memory, input/output (I/O) and other features required of a functional computer.

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Small form factor

A small form factor (SFF) is a computer form factor designed to minimize the volume and footprint of a desktop computer.

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Software

Computer software, or simply software, is a generic term that refers to a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built, that actually performs the work.

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Sound card

A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs.

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Sun Microsystems

Sun Microsystems, Inc. was an American company that sold computers, computer components, software, and information technology services and created the Java programming language, the Solaris operating system, ZFS, the Network File System (NFS), and SPARC.

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Super I/O

Super I/O is a class of I/O controller integrated circuits that began to be used on personal computer motherboards in the late 1980s, originally as add-in cards, later embedded on the motherboards.

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Switched-mode power supply

A switched-mode power supply (switching-mode power supply, switch-mode power supply, switched power supply, SMPS, or switcher) is an electronic power supply that incorporates a switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently.

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Symmetric multiprocessing

Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all processors equally, reserving none for special purposes.

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System monitor

A system monitor is a hardware or software component used to monitor resources and performance in a computer system.

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Tablet computer

A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a portable personal computer, typically with a mobile operating system and LCD touchscreen display processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single thin, flat package.

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Temperature

Temperature is a physical quantity expressing hot and cold.

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Thermal design power

The thermal design power (TDP), sometimes called thermal design point, is the maximum amount of heat generated by a computer chip or component (often the CPU or GPU) that the cooling system in a computer is designed to dissipate under any workload.

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TV tuner card

A TV tuner card is a kind of television tuner that allows television signals to be received by a computer.

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TV-out

The term TV-out is commonly used to label the connector of equipment providing an analog video signal acceptable for a television AV input.

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USB

USB (abbreviation of Universal Serial Bus), is an industry standard that was developed to define cables, connectors and protocols for connection, communication, and power supply between personal computers and their peripheral devices.

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VIA C3

The VIA C3 is a family of x86 central processing units for personal computers designed by Centaur Technology and sold by VIA Technologies.

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Video card

A video card (also called a display card, graphics card, display adapter or graphics adapter) is an expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a display (such as a computer monitor).

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Video Graphics Array

Video Graphics Array (VGA) is the display hardware first introduced with the IBM PS/2 line of computers in 1987, following CGA and EGA introduced in earlier IBM personal computers.

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Voltage

Voltage, electric potential difference, electric pressure or electric tension (formally denoted or, but more often simply as V or U, for instance in the context of Ohm's or Kirchhoff's circuit laws) is the difference in electric potential between two points.

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X86

x86 is a family of backward-compatible instruction set architectures based on the Intel 8086 CPU and its Intel 8088 variant.

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2D computer graphics

2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images—mostly from two-dimensional models (such as 2D geometric models, text, and digital images) and by techniques specific to them.

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3D computer graphics

3D computer graphics or three-dimensional computer graphics, (in contrast to 2D computer graphics) are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data (often Cartesian) that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and rendering 2D images.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard

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