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Neutron activation

Index Neutron activation

Neutron activation is the process in which neutron radiation induces radioactivity in materials, and occurs when atomic nuclei capture free neutrons, becoming heavier and entering excited states. [1]

77 relations: Activation product, Alpha particle, Aluminium foil, Aluminosilicate, Atomic nucleus, Baratol, Barium, Beta decay, Beta particle, Boiling water reactor, Breeder reactor, Carbon-14, Castle Bravo, Chlorine, Chrome steel, Cobalt, Cobalt-60, Detonation velocity, Enewetak Atoll, Excited state, Explosive lens, Fusor, Gamma ray, Geiger counter, Gold, Half-life, Helium, Hydrogen, Induced radioactivity, Inertial confinement fusion, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility, Isotopes of aluminium, Isotopes of chromium, Isotopes of cobalt, Isotopes of hydrogen, Isotopes of lithium, Isotopes of oxygen, Isotopes of sodium, Kinetic energy, Lithium, Natural abundance, Neutron, Neutron activation analysis, Neutron capture, Neutron flux, Neutron radiation, Neutron temperature, Nickel, Nuclear fallout, ..., Nuclear fission, Nuclear fission product, Nuclear fuel, Nuclear fusion, Nuclear reactor, Nuclear weapon design, Nuclear weapons testing, Operation Crossroads, Oxygen, Phosphorus-32, Pressurized water reactor, Radiation protection, Radiation therapy, Radioactive decay, Radioactive waste, Salted bomb, Sodium, Sodium chloride, Spallation, Sulfur, Table of nuclides, Tantalum, Thermonuclear weapon, Trinitite, Trinity (nuclear test), Tritium, (n-p) reaction. Expand index (27 more) »

Activation product

Activation products are materials made radioactive by neutron activation.

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Alpha particle

Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.

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Aluminium foil

Aluminium foil (or aluminum foil), often referred to with the misnomer tin foil, is aluminium prepared in thin metal leaves with a thickness less than; thinner gauges down to are also commonly used.

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Aluminosilicate

Aluminosilicate minerals are minerals composed of aluminium, silicon, and oxygen, plus countercations.

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Atomic nucleus

The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.

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Baratol

Baratol is an explosive made of a mixture of TNT and barium nitrate, with a small quantity (about 1%) of paraffin wax used as a phlegmatizing agent.

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Barium

Barium is a chemical element with symbol Ba and atomic number 56.

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Beta decay

In nuclear physics, beta decay (β-decay) is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta ray (fast energetic electron or positron) and a neutrino are emitted from an atomic nucleus.

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Beta particle

A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation, (symbol β) is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus during the process of beta decay.

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Boiling water reactor

The boiling water reactor (BWR) is a type of light water nuclear reactor used for the generation of electrical power.

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Breeder reactor

A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes.

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Carbon-14

Carbon-14, 14C, or radiocarbon, is a radioactive isotope of carbon with an atomic nucleus containing 6 protons and 8 neutrons.

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Castle Bravo

Castle Bravo was the first in a series of high-yield thermonuclear weapon design tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, as part of Operation Castle.

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Chlorine

Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.

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Chrome steel

Chrome steel is one of a class of non stainless steels such as AISI 52100, En31, SUJ2, 100Cr6, 100C6, DIN 5401 which are used for applications such bearings, tools, drills and utensils.

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Cobalt

Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27.

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Cobalt-60

Cobalt-60,, is a synthetic radioactive isotope of cobalt with a half-life of 5.2714 years.

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Detonation velocity

Explosive velocity, also known as detonation velocity or velocity of detonation (VoD), is the velocity at which the shock wave front travels through a detonated explosive.

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Enewetak Atoll

Enewetak Atoll (also spelled Eniwetok Atoll or sometimes Eniewetok; Ānewetak,, or Āne-wātak) is a large coral atoll of 40 islands in the Pacific Ocean and with its 850 people forms a legislative district of the Ralik Chain of the Marshall Islands.

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Excited state

In quantum mechanics, an excited state of a system (such as an atom, molecule or nucleus) is any quantum state of the system that has a higher energy than the ground state (that is, more energy than the absolute minimum).

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Explosive lens

An explosive lens—as used, for example, in nuclear weapons—is a highly specialized shaped charge.

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Fusor

A fusor is a device that uses an electric field to heat ions to conditions suitable for nuclear fusion.

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Gamma ray

A gamma ray or gamma radiation (symbol γ or \gamma), is penetrating electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

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Geiger counter

The Geiger counter is an instrument used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation used widely in applications such as radiation dosimetry, radiological protection, experimental physics and the nuclear industry.

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Gold

Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.

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Half-life

Half-life (symbol t1⁄2) is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value.

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Helium

Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.

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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.

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Induced radioactivity

Induced radioactivity occurs when a previously stable material has been made radioactive by exposure to specific radiation.

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Inertial confinement fusion

Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is a type of fusion energy research that attempts to initiate nuclear fusion reactions by heating and compressing a fuel target, typically in the form of a pellet that most often contains a mixture of deuterium and tritium.

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International Atomic Energy Agency

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.

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International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility

The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility, also known as IFMIF, is a projected material testing facility in which candidate materials for the use in an energy producing fusion reactor can be fully qualified.

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Isotopes of aluminium

Aluminium (13Al; or aluminum) has 24 known isotopes from 19Al to 42Al and 4 known isomers.

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Isotopes of chromium

Naturally occurring chromium (24Cr) is composed of four stable isotopes; 50Cr, 52Cr, 53Cr, and 54Cr with 52Cr being the most abundant (83.789% natural abundance).

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Isotopes of cobalt

Naturally occurring cobalt (27Co) is composed of 1 stable isotope, 59Co.

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Isotopes of hydrogen

Hydrogen (1H) has three naturally occurring isotopes, sometimes denoted 1H, 2H, and 3H.

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Isotopes of lithium

Naturally occurring lithium (3Li) is composed of two stable isotopes, lithium-6 and lithium-7, with the latter being far more abundant: about 92.5 percent of the atoms.

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Isotopes of oxygen

There are three known stable isotopes of oxygen (8O): 16O, 17O, and 18O.

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Isotopes of sodium

There are twenty recognized isotopes of sodium (11Na), ranging from to and two isomers (and). is the only stable (and the only primordial) isotope.

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Kinetic energy

In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion.

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Lithium

Lithium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol Li and atomic number 3.

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Natural abundance

In physics, natural abundance (NA) refers to the abundance of isotopes of a chemical element as naturally found on a planet.

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Neutron

| magnetic_moment.

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Neutron activation analysis

Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is a nuclear process used for determining the concentrations of elements in a vast amount of materials.

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Neutron capture

Neutron capture is a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus and one or more neutrons collide and merge to form a heavier nucleus.

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Neutron flux

The neutron flux is a scalar quantity used in nuclear physics and nuclear reactor physics.

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Neutron radiation

Neutron radiation is a form of ionizing radiation that presents as free neutrons.

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Neutron temperature

The neutron detection temperature, also called the neutron energy, indicates a free neutron's kinetic energy, usually given in electron volts.

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Nickel

Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.

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Nuclear fallout

Nuclear fallout, or simply fallout, is the residual radioactive material propelled into the upper atmosphere following a nuclear blast, so called because it "falls out" of the sky after the explosion and the shock wave have passed.

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Nuclear fission

In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, nuclear fission is either a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts (lighter nuclei).

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Nuclear fission product

Nuclear fission products are the atomic fragments left after a large atomic nucleus undergoes nuclear fission.

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Nuclear fuel

Nuclear fuel is a substance that is used in nuclear power stations to produce heat to power turbines.

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Nuclear fusion

In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enough to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons).

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Nuclear reactor

A nuclear reactor, formerly known as an atomic pile, is a device used to initiate and control a self-sustained nuclear chain reaction.

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Nuclear weapon design

Nuclear weapon designs are physical, chemical, and engineering arrangements that cause the physics package of a nuclear weapon to detonate.

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Nuclear weapons testing

Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine the effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability of nuclear weapons.

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Operation Crossroads

Operation Crossroads was a pair of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946.

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Oxygen

Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.

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Phosphorus-32

Phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus.

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Pressurized water reactor

Pressurized water reactors (PWRs) constitute the large majority of the world's nuclear power plants (notable exceptions being the United Kingdom, Japan, and Canada) and are one of three types of light water reactor (LWR), the other types being boiling water reactors (BWRs) and supercritical water reactors (SCWRs).

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Radiation protection

Radiation protection, sometimes known as radiological protection, is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this".

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Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator.

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Radioactive decay

Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay or radioactivity) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, gamma ray, or electron in the case of internal conversion.

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Radioactive waste

Radioactive waste is waste that contains radioactive material.

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Salted bomb

A salted bomb is a nuclear weapon designed to function as a radiological weapon, producing enhanced quantities of radioactive fallout, rendering a large area uninhabitable.

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Sodium

Sodium is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.

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Sodium chloride

Sodium chloride, also known as salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions.

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Spallation

Spallation is a process in which fragments of material (spall) are ejected from a body due to impact or stress.

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Sulfur

Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.

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Table of nuclides

A table of nuclides or chart of nuclides is a two-dimensional graph in which one axis represents the number of neutrons and the other represents the number of protons in an atomic nucleus.

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Tantalum

Tantalum is a chemical element with symbol Ta and atomic number 73.

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Thermonuclear weapon

A thermonuclear weapon is a second-generation nuclear weapon design using a secondary nuclear fusion stage consisting of implosion tamper, fusion fuel, and spark plug which is bombarded by the energy released by the detonation of a primary fission bomb within, compressing the fuel material (tritium, deuterium or lithium deuteride) and causing a fusion reaction.

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Trinitite

Trinitite, also known as atomsite or Alamogordo glass, is the glassy residue left on the desert floor after the plutonium-based Trinity nuclear bomb test on July 16, 1945, near Alamogordo, New Mexico.

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Trinity (nuclear test)

Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon.

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Tritium

Tritium (or; symbol or, also known as hydrogen-3) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen.

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(n-p) reaction

The (n-p) reaction is an example of a nuclear reaction.

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Redirects here:

Neutron irradiation.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_activation

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