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144 relations: Aggression, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Albert Günther, Alvord cutthroat trout, Aniva Bay, Annette Island, Apache trout, Argentina, Artisanal fishing, Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic salmon, Australia, Baja California rainbow trout, Beardslee trout, Beringia, Biological life cycle, Biwa trout, Bonneville cutthroat trout, British Columbia, Brown trout, Canada, Chile, Chinook salmon, Chum salmon, Clarkia fossil beds, Coastal cutthroat trout, Coho salmon, Colorado River cutthroat trout, Columbia River, Commercial fishing, Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Culling, Cultus Lake, British Columbia, Cutthroat trout, David Starr Jordan, Distinct population segment, Divergence, Economy, Edward Drinker Cope, Endangered species, Extinction, Family (biology), Fecundity, Fish farming, Fish hatchery, Fish migration, Fossil, Fraser River, Genetics, Genus, ..., George Suckley, Gila trout, Golden trout, Great Basin, Great Basin redband trout, Great Lakes, Greek language, Greenback cutthroat trout, Gulf of Mexico, Idaho, Inbreeding, Iturup, Iwame trout, J. Carson Brevoort, Johann Julius Walbaum, John Richardson (naturalist), Kamchatkan rainbow trout, Kern River rainbow trout, Kype, Lahontan cutthroat trout, Lake Crescent cutthroat trout, Landlocked country, Late Miocene, Marine Stewardship Council, Masamitsu Ōshima, McCloud River redband trout, Metlakatla, Alaska, Mexican golden trout, Mexican native trout, Mexico, Miocene, Mississippi River, Mitochondrial DNA, Morphology (biology), Natural selection, New Zealand, North America, Offspring, Oncorhynchus kawamurae, Oncorhynchus lacustris, Oncorhynchus masou, Oncorhynchus masou formosanus, Oncorhynchus masou macrostomus, Oncorhynchus rastrosus, Overfishing, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Ocean, Pacific Rim, Paiute cutthroat trout, Parasitism, Patagonia, Pink salmon, Pleistocene, Pliocene, Poaching, Predation, Rainbow trout, Range (biology), Recreation, Recreational fishing, Redband trout, Richard Gard, Rio Grande, Rio Grande cutthroat trout, Robert J. Behnke, Robert Rush Miller, Rocky Mountains, Russia, Sakhalin, Salmo, Salmon, Salmon conservation, Salmonidae, Selective breeding, Semelparity and iteroparity, Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout, Sociobiology, Sockeye salmon, Spawn (biology), Speciation, Species at Risk Act, Sympatry, Synonym (taxonomy), Taiwan, Tectonics, Threatened species, Trout, Walbaum, Washington (state), Westslope cutthroat trout, Wild Salmon Center, World Wide Fund for Nature, Yellowfin cutthroat trout, Yellowstone cutthroat trout. Expand index (94 more) »
Aggression
Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual.
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Alaska Department of Fish and Game
The Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) is a department within the government of Alaska.
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Albert Günther
Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS, also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther (3 October 1830 – 1 February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist.
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Alvord cutthroat trout
The Alvord cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki alvordensis, was a subspecies of cutthroat trout.
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Aniva Bay
Aniva Bay (Russian: Залив Анива (Zaliv Aniva), Japanese: 亜庭湾, Aniwa Bay, or Aniva Gulf) is located at the southern end of Sakhalin Island, Russia, north of the island of Hokkaidō, Japan.
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Annette Island
Annette Island or Taak'w Aan (Tlingit) is an island in the Gravina Islands of the Alexander Archipelago of the Pacific Ocean on the southeastern coast of the U.S. state of Alaska.
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Apache trout
The Apache trout, Oncorhynchus apache, is a species of freshwater fish in the salmon family (family Salmonidae) of order Salmoniformes.
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Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic (República Argentina), is a federal republic located mostly in the southern half of South America.
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Artisanal fishing
Artisanal fishing (or traditional/subsistence fishing) are various small-scale, low-technology, low-capital, fishing practices undertaken by individual fishing households (as opposed to commercial companies).
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Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.
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Atlantic salmon
The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae.
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.
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Baja California rainbow trout
The Baja California rainbow trout or San Pedro Martir trout or Nelson's trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss nelsoni) is a localized subspecies of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a freshwater fish in the Salmonidae family.
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Beardslee trout
The Beardslee trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus f. beardsleei), formerly Salmo gairdneri beardsleei) is a local form of rainbow trout endemic to Lake Crescent in Washington. By some sources, they are treated as a subspecies. Known to locals as "bluebacks", Beardslee trout are found nowhere else, and spawn in the Lyre River, near the outlet of the lake. Beardslee are somewhat difficult to distinguish from the Lake Crescent cutthroat trout, which is also endemic to Lake Crescent, as they only take on the rainbow colors during spawning. The spawning grounds of the Beardslee (considered the rarest salmonid in the Olympic National Park) are severely threatened by siltation, and the degradation of logjams in the river used as spawning grounds. Responding to a proposal from Washington Trout, Olympic National Park has announced an emergency change to fishing regulations on Lake Crescent. On May 24 (2002), Park Superintendent David Morris announced that Lake Crescent and all its tributaries will be open for catch and release angling only. The rule change prohibits the use of down riggers, and requires that anglers use only artificial lures with single barbless hooks and no more than two ounces of weight. The emergency rule took effect June 1, the day the lake opened for fishing. The new rules are designed to protect Lake Crescent’s population of Beardslee rainbow trout, which has declined to a critically low level. Beardslee trout are a unique form of rainbow trout, native to Lake Crescent, and found nowhere else on earth. They spawn in late winter and early spring in only one small area of the Lyre River, near the outlet of the lake. Washington Trout conducted independent spawning surveys on the Lyre this past spring and found alarming evidence of very low numbers of spawning fish, indicating that the population has experienced a severe decline. This evidence was supported by counts made by Park Service crews that officially counted only 35 spawning redds (slightly higher than WT’s count), the lowest number since official redd counts were begun in 1989.
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Beringia
Beringia is defined today as the land and maritime area bounded on the west by the Lena River in Russia; on the east by the Mackenzie River in Canada; on the north by 72 degrees north latitude in the Chukchi Sea; and on the south by the tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula.
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Biological life cycle
In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the starting state.
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Biwa trout
The Biwa trout (Oncorhynchus rhodurus) is an anadromous salmonid fish of the genus Oncorhynchus, endemic to Lake Biwa in Shiga Prefecture, Japan, but also introduced to Lake Ashi and Lake Chūzenji.
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Bonneville cutthroat trout
The Bonneville cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki utah) is a subspecies of cutthroat trout native to tributaries of the Great Salt Lake, U.S.A. Most of the fish's current and historic range is in Utah, but they are also found in Idaho, Wyoming, and Nevada.
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British Columbia
British Columbia (BC; Colombie-Britannique) is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.
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Brown trout
The brown trout (Salmo trutta) is a European species of salmonid fish that has been widely introduced into suitable environments globally.
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Canada
Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.
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Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
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Chinook salmon
The Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is the largest species in the Pacific salmon genus Oncorhynchus.
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Chum salmon
The chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) is a species of anadromous fish in the salmon family.
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Clarkia fossil beds
The Clarkia fossil beds (also known locally as the Fossil Bowl) is a Miocene lagerstätte near Clarkia, Idaho.
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Coastal cutthroat trout
The coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) also known as the sea-run cutthroat trout, or harvest trout is one of the several subspecies of cutthroat trout found in Western North America.
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Coho salmon
The coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch; Karuk: achvuun) is a species of anadromous fish in the salmon family, one of the several species of Pacific salmon.
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Colorado River cutthroat trout
The Colorado River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus) is a subspecies of cutthroat trout native only to the Green and Colorado River basins, which are west of the Continental Divide.
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Columbia River
The Columbia River is the largest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America.
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Commercial fishing
Commercial fishing is the activity of catching fish and other seafood for commercial profit, mostly from wild fisheries.
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Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada
The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC, French: Comité sur la situation des espèces en péril au Canada, COSEPAC) is an independent committee of wildlife experts and scientists whose "raison d’être is to identify species at risk" in Canada.
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Culling
In biology, culling is the process of segregating organisms from a group according to desired or undesired characteristics.
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Cultus Lake, British Columbia
Cultus Lake is a lake, associated community and provincial park in the Fraser Valley region of British Columbia, Canada.
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Cutthroat trout
The cutthroat trout is a fish species of the family Salmonidae native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean, Rocky Mountains, and Great Basin in North America.
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David Starr Jordan
David Starr Jordan (January 19, 1851 – September 19, 1931) was an American ichthyologist, educator, eugenicist, and peace activist.
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Distinct population segment
A distinct population segment is the smallest division of a taxonomic species permitted to be protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.
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Divergence
In vector calculus, divergence is a vector operator that produces a scalar field, giving the quantity of a vector field's source at each point.
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Economy
An economy (from Greek οίκος – "household" and νέμoμαι – "manage") is an area of the production, distribution, or trade, and consumption of goods and services by different agents.
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Edward Drinker Cope
Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840 – April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist.
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Endangered species
An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct.
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Extinction
In biology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.
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Family (biology)
In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.
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Fecundity
In human demography and population biology, fecundity is the potential for reproduction of an organism or population, measured by the number of gametes (eggs), seed set, or asexual propagules.
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Fish farming
Fish farming or pisciculture involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures such as fish ponds, usually for food.
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Fish hatchery
A fish hatchery is a place for artificial breeding, hatching, and rearing through the early life stages of animals—finfish and shellfish in particular.
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Fish migration
Many types of fish migrate on a regular basis, on time scales ranging from daily to annually or longer, and over distances ranging from a few metres to thousands of kilometres.
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Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging") is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
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Fraser River
The Fraser River is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for, into the Strait of Georgia at the city of Vancouver.
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Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.
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Genus
A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology.
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George Suckley
George Suckley (1830–1869) was an American physician and naturalist notable as an explorer of the Washington and Oregon territories in the 1850s, and describer of several new fish species.
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Gila trout
The Gila trout (Oncorhynchus gilae) is a species of salmonid, related to the rainbow, native to the Southwest United States.
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Golden trout
The California golden trout, or simply the golden trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita), is a subspecies of the rainbow trout native to California.
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Great Basin
The Great Basin is the largest area of contiguous endorheic watersheds in North America.
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Great Basin redband trout
The Great Basin redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss newberrii) is one of three redband trout subspecies of the rainbow trout in the western United States.
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Great Lakes
The Great Lakes (les Grands-Lacs), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Greenback cutthroat trout
The greenback cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii stomias) is the easternmost subspecies of cutthroat trout.
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Gulf of Mexico
The Gulf of Mexico (Golfo de México) is an ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent.
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Idaho
Idaho is a state in the northwestern region of the United States.
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Inbreeding
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically.
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Iturup
Iturup (accessdate; Ainu: エﾂﾟヲロプシㇼ, Etuworop-sir; 択捉島, Etorofu-tō, historically also called Yetorup), is one of the Kuril Islands.
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Iwame trout
The iwame trout or markless trout is a variety of salmonid fish inhabiting some fresh waters of Japan.
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J. Carson Brevoort
James Carson Brevoort (10 July 1818 New York City – 7 December 1887 Brooklyn, New York) was an American collector of rare books and coins.
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Johann Julius Walbaum
Johann Julius Walbaum (30 June 1724, Wolfenbüttel – 21 August 1799) was a physician, naturalist and fauna taxonomist.
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John Richardson (naturalist)
Sir John Richardson FRS FRSE FLS FGS MWS LLD (5 November 1787 – 5 June 1865) was a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer.
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Kamchatkan rainbow trout
The Kamchatkan rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss mykiss) is a subspecies of the rainbow trout, which is a fish in the Salmonidae family.
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Kern River rainbow trout
The Kern River rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss gilberti) is a localized subspecies of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a variety of fish in the family Salmonidae.
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Kype
A kype is a hook-like secondary sex characteristic which develops at the distal tip of the lower jaw in some male salmonids prior to the spawning season.
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Lahontan cutthroat trout
Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi) is the largest subspecies of cutthroat trout, and the state fish of Nevada.
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Lake Crescent cutthroat trout
The Crescenti cutthroat trout or the Lake Crescent cutthroat trout is a North American freshwater fish, a local form (f. loc.) of the coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) isolated in Lake Crescent in Washington.
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Landlocked country
A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas.
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Late Miocene
The Late Miocene (also known as Upper Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages.
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Marine Stewardship Council
The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) is an independent non-profit organization which sets a standard for sustainable fishing.
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Masamitsu Ōshima
was a Japanese herpetologist and ichthyologist.
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McCloud River redband trout
The McCloud River redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss stonei) is one of three redband trout subspecies of the rainbow trout in the Salmonidae family.
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Metlakatla, Alaska
Metlakatla (Tsimshian: Maaxłakxaała "Saltwater pass") is a census-designated place (CDP) on Annette Island in Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area, Alaska, United States.
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Mexican golden trout
The Mexican golden trout (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) is a species of fish in the Salmonidae family.
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Mexican native trout
Mexican native trout (in Spanish "Truchas Mexicanas")—Mexican rainbow trout, sometimes Baja rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss nelsoni) and Mexican golden trout (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) occur in the Pacific ocean tributaries of the Baja California peninsula and in the Sierra Madre Occidental of northwest Mexico as far south as Victoria de Durango in the state of Durango.
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Mexico
Mexico (México; Mēxihco), officially called the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.
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Miocene
The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).
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Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the chief river of the second-largest drainage system on the North American continent, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system.
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Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.
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Natural selection
Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.
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New Zealand
New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
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North America
North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.
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Offspring
In biology, offspring are the young born of living organisms, produced either by a single organism or, in the case of sexual reproduction, two organisms.
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Oncorhynchus kawamurae
Oncorhynchus kawamurae, the black kokanee, or in Japanese, is a Japanese species of salmon which was thought to had gone extinct in 1940, but was discovered to still have a living population in 2010.
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Oncorhynchus lacustris
Oncorhynchus lacustris (syn. Rhabdofario lacustris) is an extinct species of prehistoric freshwater trout from the late Miocene to late Pliocene of Western North America.
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Oncorhynchus masou
Oncorhynchus masou, known as the masu salmon, masu, or the cherry hybrid salmon, is a species of salmon found in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean along East Asia, ranging from the Kamchatka, Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, and Primorsky Krai south through Korea, Taiwan, and Japan.
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Oncorhynchus masou formosanus
Oncorhynchus masou formosanus, the Formosan landlocked salmon or Taiwanese salmon, is a freshwater salmonid fish endemic to Taiwan.
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Oncorhynchus masou macrostomus
The amago or the red-spotted masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou macrostomus) is a salmonid fish endemic to western Japan, and a subspecies of the more widespread Northwest Pacific masu salmon or cherry salmon (Oncorhynchus masou).
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Oncorhynchus rastrosus
Oncorhynchus rastrosus (synonym Smilodonichthys rastrosus) also known as the sabertooth salmon, is an extinct species of salmon that lived along the Pacific coast of North America, first appearing in the late Miocene near California, then dying out some time during the Pleistocene.
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Overfishing
Overfishing is the removal of a species of fish from a body of water at a rate that the species cannot replenish in time, resulting in those species either becoming depleted or very underpopulated in that given area.
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Pacific Northwest
The Pacific Northwest (PNW), sometimes referred to as Cascadia, is a geographic region in western North America bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and (loosely) by the Cascade Mountain Range on the east.
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.
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Pacific Rim
The Pacific Rim comprises the lands around the rim of the Pacific Ocean.
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Paiute cutthroat trout
Paiute cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris) is one of fourteen subspecies of cutthroat trout.
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Parasitism
In evolutionary biology, parasitism is a relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or in another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.
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Patagonia
Patagonia is a sparsely populated region located at the southern end of South America, shared by Argentina and Chile.
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Pink salmon
Pink salmon or humpback salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) is a species of anadromous fish in the salmon family.
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Pleistocene
The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.
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Pliocene
The Pliocene (also Pleiocene) Epoch is the epoch in the geologic timescale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58 million years BP.
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Poaching
Poaching has been defined as the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights.
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Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where a predator (a hunting animal) kills and eats its prey (the organism that is attacked).
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Rainbow trout
The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a trout and species of salmonid native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America.
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Range (biology)
In biology, the range of a species is the geographical area within which that species can be found.
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Recreation
Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time.
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Recreational fishing
Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.
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Redband trout
Redband trout are a group of three recognized subspecies of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
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Richard Gard
Richard Sommers Gard (1797 – 16 December 1868) was a British Conservative politician.
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Rio Grande
The Rio Grande (or; Río Bravo del Norte, or simply Río Bravo) is one of the principal rivers in the southwest United States and northern Mexico (the other being the Colorado River).
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Rio Grande cutthroat trout
The Rio Grande cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis), a member of the family Salmonidae, is found in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado in tributaries of the Rio Grande., It is one of 14 subspecies of cutthroat trout native to the western United States, and is the state fish of New Mexico.
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Robert J. Behnke
Dr.
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Robert Rush Miller
Robert Rush Miller (April 23, 1916 – February 10, 2003) "was an important figure in American ichthyology and conservation from 1940 to the 1990s." He was born in Colorado Springs, earned his bachelor's degree at University of California, Berkeley in 1938, a master's degree at the University of Michigan in 1943, and a Ph.D. at the University of Michigan in 1944.
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Rocky Mountains
The Rocky Mountains, also known as the Rockies, are a major mountain range in western North America.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Sakhalin
Sakhalin (Сахалин), previously also known as Kuye Dao (Traditional Chinese:庫頁島, Simplified Chinese:库页岛) in Chinese and in Japanese, is a large Russian island in the North Pacific Ocean, lying between 45°50' and 54°24' N.
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Salmo
Salmo is a genus of fish in the salmon family Salmonidae that includes the European species of salmon and trout, among them the familiar Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and the brown trout Salmo trutta.
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Salmon
Salmon is the common name for several species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae.
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Salmon conservation
The survival of wild salmon relies heavily on them having suitable habitat for spawning and rearing of their young.
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Salmonidae
Salmonidae is a family of ray-finned fish, the only living family currently placed in the order Salmoniformes.
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Selective breeding
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.
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Semelparity and iteroparity
Semelparity and iteroparity are two classes of possible reproductive strategies available to living organisms.
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Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout
The Snake River fine-spotted cutthroat trout is a form of the cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) which is considered either as a separate subspecies Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei, or as a variety of the Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri).
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Sociobiology
Sociobiology is a field of biology that aims to examine and explain social behavior in terms of evolution.
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Sockeye salmon
Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, or blueback salmon, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it.
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Spawn (biology)
Spawn is the eggs and sperm released or deposited into water by aquatic animals.
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Speciation
Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species.
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Species at Risk Act
The Species at Risk Act (SARA) is a piece of Canadian federal legislation which became law in Canada on December 12, 2002.
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Sympatry
In biology, two species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another.
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Synonym (taxonomy)
In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name,''ICN'', "Glossary", entry for "synonym" although the term is used somewhat differently in the zoological code of nomenclature.
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Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.
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Tectonics
Tectonics is the process that controls the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time.
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Threatened species
Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants, fungi, etc.) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future.
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Trout
Trout is the common name for a number of species of freshwater fish belonging to the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, all of the subfamily Salmoninae of the family Salmonidae.
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Walbaum
Walbaum is a German surname.
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Washington (state)
Washington, officially the State of Washington, is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.
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Westslope cutthroat trout
The westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi), also known as the black-spotted trout, common cutthroat trout and red-throated trout is a subspecies of the cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) and is a freshwater fish in the salmon family (family Salmonidae) of order Salmoniformes.
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Wild Salmon Center
The Wild Salmon Center (WSC) is an international conservation organization that works to protect wild salmon, steelhead, char, trout and the ecosystems on which these species depend.
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World Wide Fund for Nature
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, working in the field of the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.
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Yellowfin cutthroat trout
The yellowfin cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii macdonaldi) is an extinct subspecies or variety of the cutthroat trout, a North American freshwater fish.
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Yellowstone cutthroat trout
The Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) is a subspecies of the cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii).
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Redirects here:
Onchorhynchus, Pacific Salmon, Pacific salmon, Pacific trout.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncorhynchus
