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41 relations: Ammonium bicarbonate, Brackish water, Capacitance, Carbon dioxide, Concentration cell, Coulomb's law, Double layer (surface science), Electric charge, Electrode, Electrodialysis reversal, Forward osmosis, Fresh water, Fugacity, Heat engine, Hygroscopy, Ion, Marine energy, Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway, Natural convection, Norway, Organic Rankine cycle, Osmosis, Polyethylene, Pressure-retarded osmosis, Public utility, Renewable energy, Reverse osmosis, Reversed electrodialysis, Seawater, Semipermeable membrane, Sidney Loeb, Solar pond, Statkraft, Statkraft osmotic power prototype in Hurum, Supercapacitor, Sustainable energy, Synthetic membrane, Thermodynamics, Vapor pressure, Voltage, Work (physics).
Ammonium bicarbonate
Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic compound with formula (NH4)HCO3, simplified to NH5CO3.
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Brackish water
Brackish water is water that has more salinity than fresh water, but not as much as seawater.
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Capacitance
Capacitance is the ratio of the change in an electric charge in a system to the corresponding change in its electric potential.
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.
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Concentration cell
In battery technology, a concentration cell is a limited form of a galvanic cell that has two equivalent half-cells of the same composition differing only in concentrations.
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Coulomb's law
Coulomb's law, or Coulomb's inverse-square law, is a law of physics for quantifying the amount of force with which stationary electrically charged particles repel or attract each other.
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Double layer (surface science)
A double layer (DL, also called an electrical double layer, EDL) is a structure that appears on the surface of an object when it is exposed to a fluid.
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Electric charge
Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
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Electrode
An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or air).
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Electrodialysis reversal
Electrodialysis reversal (EDR) is an electrodialysis reversal water desalination membrane process that has been commercially used since the early 1960s.
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Forward osmosis
Forward osmosis (FO) is an osmotic process that, like reverse osmosis (RO), uses a semi-permeable membrane to effect separation of water from dissolved solutes.
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Fresh water
Fresh water (or freshwater) is any naturally occurring water except seawater and brackish water.
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Fugacity
In chemical thermodynamics, the fugacity of a real gas is an effective partial pressure which replaces the mechanical partial pressure in an accurate computation of the chemical equilibrium constant.
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Heat engine
In thermodynamics, a heat engine is a system that converts heat or thermal energy—and chemical energy—to mechanical energy, which can then be used to do mechanical work.
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Hygroscopy
Hygroscopy is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules from the surrounding environment, which is usually at normal or room temperature.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Marine energy
Marine energy or marine power (also sometimes referred to as ocean energy, ocean power, or marine and hydrokinetic energy) refers to the energy carried by ocean waves, tides, salinity, and ocean temperature differences.
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Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway
Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway (born Mette-Marit Tjessem Høiby,, on 19 August 1973) is the wife of Crown Prince Haakon, heir apparent to the throne of Norway.
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Natural convection
Natural convection is a mechanism, or type of heat transport, in which the fluid motion is not generated by any external source (like a pump, fan, suction device, etc.) but only by density differences in the fluid occurring due to temperature gradients.
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Norway
Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.
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Organic Rankine cycle
The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is named for its use of an organic, high molecular mass fluid with a liquid-vapor phase change, or boiling point, occurring at a lower temperature than the water-steam phase change.
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Osmosis
Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement of solvent molecules through a selectively permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration, in the direction that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
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Polyethylene
Polyethylene or polythene (abbreviated PE; IUPAC name polyethene or poly(ethylene)) is the most common plastic.
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Pressure-retarded osmosis
Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a technique to separate a solvent (for example, fresh water) from a solution that is more concentrated (e.g. sea water) and also pressurized.
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Public utility
A public utility (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using that infrastructure).
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Renewable energy
Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.
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Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis (RO) is a water purification technology that uses a semipermeable membrane to remove ions, molecules and larger particles from drinking water.
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Reversed electrodialysis
Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is the salinity gradient energy retrieved from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water.
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Seawater
Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean.
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Semipermeable membrane
A semipermeable membrane is a type of biological or synthetic, polymeric membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it by diffusion—or occasionally by more specialized processes of facilitated diffusion, passive transport or active transport.
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Sidney Loeb
Sidney Loeb (1917–2008) made reverse osmosis (RO) practical by developing, together with Srinivasa Sourirajan, semi-permeable anisotropic membranes.
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Solar pond
A solar pond is a large scale solar thermal collector with an integrated arrangement for storage of heated water.
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Statkraft
Statkraft is a hydropower company, fully owned by the Norwegian state.
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Statkraft osmotic power prototype in Hurum
Statkraft osmotic power prototype is the world's first osmotic power plant, based on the energy of osmosis.
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Supercapacitor
A supercapacitor (SC) (also called a supercap, ultracapacitor or Goldcap) is a high-capacity capacitor with capacitance values much higher than other capacitors (but lower voltage limits) that bridge the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries.
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Sustainable energy
Sustainable energy is energy that is consumed at insignificant rates compared to its supply and with manageable collateral effects, especially environmental effects.
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Synthetic membrane
An artificial membrane, or synthetic membrane, is a synthetically created membrane which is usually intended for separation purposes in laboratory or in industry.
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Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work.
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Vapor pressure
Vapor pressure or equilibrium vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in a closed system.
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Voltage
Voltage, electric potential difference, electric pressure or electric tension (formally denoted or, but more often simply as V or U, for instance in the context of Ohm's or Kirchhoff's circuit laws) is the difference in electric potential between two points.
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Work (physics)
In physics, a force is said to do work if, when acting, there is a displacement of the point of application in the direction of the force.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_power
