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Table of Contents

1. 488 relations: A* search algorithm, Abductive reasoning, Action selection, Activity recognition, Adaptive Behavior (journal), Affective computing, Agent (The Matrix), Agent architecture, Agent Smith, AI alignment, AI capability control, AI effect, AI Memo, AI safety, AI takeover, AI winter, AI-complete, AIBO, Alan Turing, Algorithmic information theory, Algorithmic probability, Alien (film), Aliens (film), Allen (robot), Allen Institute for AI, Allen Newell, Alphabet Inc., Alternating decision tree, Amazon Alexa, Andrew Ng, Android (robot), Angel F, Anime, Ant colony optimization algorithms, Arnold Rimmer, Arthur C. Clarke, Artificial consciousness, Artificial general intelligence, Artificial immune system, Artificial intelligence, Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute, Artificial intelligence arms race, Artificial intelligence art, Artificial intelligence in fiction, Artificial intelligence in India, Artificial intelligence in video games, Artificial intelligence systems integration, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Artificial life, Artificial Minds, ... Expand index (438 more) » « Shrink index

A* search algorithm

A* (pronounced "A-star") is a graph traversal and pathfinding algorithm, which is used in many fields of computer science due to its completeness, optimality, and optimal efficiency.

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Abductive reasoning

Abductive reasoning (also called abduction,For example: abductive inference, or retroduction) is a form of logical inference that seeks the simplest and most likely conclusion from a set of observations.

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Action selection

Action selection is a way of characterizing the most basic problem of intelligent systems: what to do next.

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Activity recognition

Activity recognition aims to recognize the actions and goals of one or more agents from a series of observations on the agents' actions and the environmental conditions.

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Adaptive Behavior (journal)

Adaptive Behavior is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers the field of adaptive behavior in living organisms and autonomous artificial systems.

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Affective computing

Affective computing is the study and development of systems and devices that can recognize, interpret, process, and simulate human affects.

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Agent (The Matrix)

Agents are a group of characters in the fictional universe of ''The Matrix'' franchise.

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Agent architecture

Agent architecture in computer science is a blueprint for software agents and intelligent control systems, depicting the arrangement of components.

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Agent Smith

Agent Smith (later simply Smith) is a fictional character and the main antagonist of ''The Matrix'' franchise.

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AI alignment

In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), AI alignment research aims to steer AI systems toward a person's or group's intended goals, preferences, and ethical principles.

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AI capability control

In the field of artificial intelligence (AI) design, AI capability control proposals, also referred to as AI confinement, aim to increase our ability to monitor and control the behavior of AI systems, including proposed artificial general intelligences (AGIs), in order to reduce the danger they might pose if misaligned.

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AI effect

The AI effect occurs when onlookers discount the behavior of an artificial intelligence program as not "real" intelligence.

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AI Memo

The AI Memos are a series of influential memorandums and technical reports published by the MIT AI Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States.

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AI safety

AI safety is an interdisciplinary field focused on preventing accidents, misuse, or other harmful consequences arising from artificial intelligence (AI) systems.

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AI takeover

An AI takeover is an imagined scenario in which artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as the dominant form of intelligence on Earth and computer programs or robots effectively take control of the planet away from the human species, which relies on human intelligence.

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AI winter

In the history of artificial intelligence, an AI winter is a period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence research.

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AI-complete

In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), tasks that are hypothesized to require artificial general intelligence to solve are informally known as AI-complete or AI-hard.

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AIBO

AIBO (stylized as aibo, abbreviated as Artificial Intelligence RoBOt, homonymous with, "pal" or "partner" in Japanese) is a series of robotic dogs designed and manufactured by Sony.

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Alan Turing

Alan Mathison Turing (23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was an English mathematician, computer scientist, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher and theoretical biologist.

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Algorithmic information theory

Algorithmic information theory (AIT) is a branch of theoretical computer science that concerns itself with the relationship between computation and information of computably generated objects (as opposed to stochastically generated), such as strings or any other data structure.

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Algorithmic probability

In algorithmic information theory, algorithmic probability, also known as Solomonoff probability, is a mathematical method of assigning a prior probability to a given observation.

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Alien (film)

Alien is a 1979 science fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott and written by Dan O'Bannon.

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Aliens (film)

Aliens is a 1986 science fiction action film written and directed by James Cameron.

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Allen (robot)

Allen was a robot introduced by Rodney Brooks and his team in the late 1980s, and was their first robot based on subsumption architecture.

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Allen Institute for AI

The Allen Institute for AI (abbreviated AI2) is a 501(c)3 non-profit research institute founded by late Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist Paul Allen in 2014.

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Allen Newell

Allen Newell (March 19, 1927 – July 19, 1992) was an American researcher in computer science and cognitive psychology at the RAND Corporation and at Carnegie Mellon University's School of Computer Science, Tepper School of Business, and Department of Psychology.

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Alphabet Inc.

Alphabet Inc. is an American multinational technology conglomerate holding company headquartered in Mountain View, California.

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Alternating decision tree

An alternating decision tree (ADTree) is a machine learning method for classification.

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Amazon Alexa

Amazon Alexa, or, Alexa, is a virtual assistant technology largely based on a Polish speech synthesizer named Ivona, bought by Amazon in 2013.

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Andrew Ng

Andrew Yan-Tak Ng (born 1976) is a British-American computer scientist and technology entrepreneur focusing on machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI).

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Android (robot)

An android is a humanoid robot or other artificial being often made from a flesh-like material.

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Angel F

Angel_F is a fictional child artificial intelligence that has been used in art performances worldwide focused on the issues of digital liberties, intellectual property and on the evolution of language and behaviour in information society.

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Anime

is hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from Japan.

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Ant colony optimization algorithms

In computer science and operations research, the ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) is a probabilistic technique for solving computational problems which can be reduced to finding good paths through graphs.

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Arnold Rimmer

Arnold Judas Rimmer is a fictional character in the science fiction sitcom Red Dwarf, played by Chris Barrie.

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Arthur C. Clarke

Sir Arthur Charles Clarke (16 December 191719 March 2008) was a British science fiction writer, science writer, futurist, inventor, undersea explorer, and television series host.

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Artificial consciousness

Artificial consciousness (AC), also known as machine consciousness (MC), synthetic consciousness or digital consciousness, is the consciousness hypothesized to be possible in artificial intelligence.

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Artificial general intelligence

Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that matches or surpasses human capabilities across a wide range of cognitive tasks.

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Artificial immune system

In artificial intelligence, artificial immune systems (AIS) are a class of computationally intelligent, rule-based machine learning systems inspired by the principles and processes of the vertebrate immune system.

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Artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI), in its broadest sense, is intelligence exhibited by machines, particularly computer systems.

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Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute

The Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute (AIAI) at the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh was a non-profit technology transfer organisation that promoted Artificial intelligence research. Outline of artificial intelligence and Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Artificial intelligence arms race

A military artificial intelligence arms race is an arms race between two or more states to develop and deploy lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS).

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Artificial intelligence art

Artificial intelligence art is visual artwork created through the use of an artificial intelligence (AI) program.

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Artificial intelligence in fiction

Artificial intelligence is a recurrent theme in science fiction, whether utopian, emphasising the potential benefits, or dystopian, emphasising the dangers.

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Artificial intelligence in India

Artificial Intelligence in India refers to the development, adoption, and impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the country.

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Artificial intelligence in video games

In video games, artificial intelligence (AI) is used to generate responsive, adaptive or intelligent behaviors primarily in non-playable characters (NPCs) similar to human-like intelligence.

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Artificial intelligence systems integration

The core idea of artificial intelligence systems integration is making individual software components, such as speech synthesizers, interoperable with other components, such as common sense knowledgebases, in order to create larger, broader and more capable A.I. systems.

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Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach

Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (AIMA) is a university textbook on artificial intelligence, written by Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig.

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Artificial life

Artificial life (ALife or A-Life) is a field of study wherein researchers examine systems related to natural life, its processes, and its evolution, through the use of simulations with computer models, robotics, and biochemistry.

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Artificial Minds

Artificial Minds: An Exploration of the Mechanisms of Mind is a book written by Stan Franklin and published in 1995 by MIT Press.

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Ash (Alien)

Ash is a fictional character in the film Alien (1979) portrayed by actor Ian Holm who, while known in the UK as a stage actor, was at the time unknown to American audiences.

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ASIMO

ASIMO (Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility) is a humanoid robot created by Honda in 2000.

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Assistant (by Speaktoit)

Assistant is an intelligent personal assistant application for mobile devices developed by Speaktoit.

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Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is an international scientific society devoted to promote research in, and responsible use of, artificial intelligence.

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Attractor network

An attractor network is a type of recurrent dynamical network, that evolves toward a stable pattern over time.

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Automated Mathematician

The Automated Mathematician (AM) is one of the earliest successful discovery systems.

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Automated planning and scheduling

Automated planning and scheduling, sometimes denoted as simply AI planning, is a branch of artificial intelligence that concerns the realization of strategies or action sequences, typically for execution by intelligent agents, autonomous robots and unmanned vehicles. Outline of artificial intelligence and Automated planning and scheduling are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Automated reasoning

In computer science, in particular in knowledge representation and reasoning and metalogic, the area of automated reasoning is dedicated to understanding different aspects of reasoning.

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Automated theorem proving

Automated theorem proving (also known as ATP or automated deduction) is a subfield of automated reasoning and mathematical logic dealing with proving mathematical theorems by computer programs.

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Automatic image annotation

Automatic image annotation (also known as automatic image tagging or linguistic indexing) is the process by which a computer system automatically assigns metadata in the form of captioning or keywords to a digital image. Outline of artificial intelligence and automatic image annotation are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Automatic number-plate recognition

Automatic number-plate recognition (ANPR; see also other names below) is a technology that uses optical character recognition on images to read vehicle registration plates to create vehicle location data.

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Automatic target recognition

Automatic target recognition (ATR) is the ability for an algorithm or device to recognize targets or other objects based on data obtained from sensors.

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Autonomic computing

Autonomic computing (AC) is distributed computing resources with self-managing characteristics, adapting to unpredictable changes while hiding intrinsic complexity to operators and users.

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Autonomic networking

Autonomic networking follows the concept of Autonomic Computing, an initiative started by IBM in 2001.

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Backpropagation

In machine learning, backpropagation is a gradient estimation method used to train neural network models.

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Backward chaining

Backward chaining (or backward reasoning) is an inference method described colloquially as working backward from the goal.

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Baidu

Baidu, Inc. is a Chinese multinational technology company specializing in Internet services and artificial intelligence.

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Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)

Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the ''Battlestar Galactica'' franchise.

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Bayes estimator

In estimation theory and decision theory, a Bayes estimator or a Bayes action is an estimator or decision rule that minimizes the posterior expected value of a loss function (i.e., the posterior expected loss).

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Bayesian inference

Bayesian inference is a method of statistical inference in which Bayes' theorem is used to update the probability for a hypothesis as more evidence or information becomes available.

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Bayesian network

A Bayesian network (also known as a Bayes network, Bayes net, belief network, or decision network) is a probabilistic graphical model that represents a set of variables and their conditional dependencies via a directed acyclic graph (DAG).

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Beam search

In computer science, beam search is a heuristic search algorithm that explores a graph by expanding the most promising node in a limited set.

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Behavior-based robotics

Behavior-based robotics (BBR) or behavioral robotics is an approach in robotics that focuses on robots that are able to exhibit complex-appearing behaviors despite little internal variable state to model its immediate environment, mostly gradually correcting its actions via sensory-motor links.

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Belief revision

Belief revision (also called belief change) is the process of changing beliefs to take into account a new piece of information.

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Best-first search

Best-first search is a class of search algorithms, which explores a graph by expanding the most promising node chosen according to a specified rule.

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Bio-inspired computing

Bio-inspired computing, short for biologically inspired computing, is a field of study which seeks to solve computer science problems using models of biology.

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Blackboard system

A blackboard system is an artificial intelligence approach based on the blackboard architectural model, where a common knowledge base, the "blackboard", is iteratively updated by a diverse group of specialist knowledge sources, starting with a problem specification and ending with a solution.

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Blade Runner

Blade Runner is a 1982 science fiction film directed by Ridley Scott from a screenplay by Hampton Fancher and David Peoples.

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Blue Brain Project

The Blue Brain Project is a Swiss brain research initiative that aims to create a digital reconstruction of the mouse brain.

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Boston Dynamics

Boston Dynamics, Inc., is an American engineering and robotics design company founded in 1992 as a spin-off from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Braina

Braina is a virtual assistant and speech-to-text dictation application for Microsoft Windows developed by Brainasoft.

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Branches of science

The branches of science, also referred to as sciences, scientific fields or scientific disciplines, are commonly divided into three major groups.

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Breadth-first search

Breadth-first search (BFS) is an algorithm for searching a tree data structure for a node that satisfies a given property.

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Brute-force search

In computer science, brute-force search or exhaustive search, also known as generate and test, is a very general problem-solving technique and algorithmic paradigm that consists of systematically checking all possible candidates for whether or not each candidate satisfies the problem's statement.

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C-3PO

C-3PO or See-Threepio  is a humanoid robot character in the Star Wars franchise.

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CALO

CALO was an artificial intelligence project that attempted to integrate numerous AI technologies into a cognitive assistant.

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Case-based reasoning

In artificial intelligence and philosophy, case-based reasoning (CBR), broadly construed, is the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems.

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Chappie (film)

Chappie (stylized as CHAPPiE) is a 2015 American dystopian science fiction action film directed by Neill Blomkamp and written by Blomkamp and Terri Tatchell.

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Chatbot

A chatbot (originally chatterbot) is a software application or web interface that is designed to mimic human conversation through text or voice interactions.

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Children of the Mind

Children of the Mind (1996) is a novel by American author Orson Scott Card, the fourth in his successful ''Ender's Game'' series of science fiction novels that focus on the character Ender Wiggin.

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Chinese room

The Chinese room argument holds that a digital computer executing a computer program cannot have a "mind", "understanding", or "consciousness", regardless of how intelligently or human-like the program may make the computer behave.

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Chris Moriarty

Chris Moriarty (born 1968) is an American science fiction and fantasy writer.

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Circumscription (logic)

Circumscription is a non-monotonic logic created by John McCarthy to formalize the common sense assumption that things are as expected unless otherwise specified.

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Claude Shannon

Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001) was an American mathematician, electrical engineer, computer scientist and cryptographer known as the "father of information theory" and as the "father of the Information Age".

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Clinical decision support system

A clinical decision support system (CDSS) is a health information technology that provides clinicians, staff, patients, and other individuals with knowledge and person-specific information to help health and health care. Outline of artificial intelligence and clinical decision support system are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Closed-world assumption

The closed-world assumption (CWA), in a formal system of logic used for knowledge representation, is the presumption that a statement that is true is also known to be true.

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Cog (project)

Cog was a project at the Humanoid Robotics Group of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Cognition

Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

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Cognitive architecture

A cognitive architecture refers to both a theory about the structure of the human mind and to a computational instantiation of such a theory used in the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and computational cognitive science.

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Colossus (novel)

Colossus is a 1966 science fiction novel by British author Dennis Feltham Jones (writing as D. F. Jones), about super-computers taking control of mankind.

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Colossus: The Forbin Project

Colossus: The Forbin Project (originally released as The Forbin Project) is a 1970 American science-fiction thriller film from Universal Pictures, produced by Stanley Chase, directed by Joseph Sargent, that stars Eric Braeden, Susan Clark, Gordon Pinsent, and William Schallert.

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Combs method

The Combs method is a rule base reduction method of writing fuzzy logic rules described by William E. Combs in 1997.

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Commonsense knowledge (artificial intelligence)

In artificial intelligence research, commonsense knowledge consists of facts about the everyday world, such as "Lemons are sour", or "Cows say moo", that all humans are expected to know.

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Competitions and prizes in artificial intelligence

There are a number of competitions and prizes to promote research in artificial intelligence.

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Competitive learning

Competitive learning is a form of unsupervised learning in artificial neural networks, in which nodes compete for the right to respond to a subset of the input data.

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Computational creativity

Computational creativity (also known as artificial creativity, mechanical creativity, creative computing or creative computation) is a multidisciplinary endeavour that is located at the intersection of the fields of artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, philosophy, and the arts (e.g., computational art as part of computational culture).

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Computational humor

Computational humor is a branch of computational linguistics and artificial intelligence which uses computers in humor research.

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Computational Intelligence (journal)

Computational Intelligence Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on artificial intelligence and computer science.

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Computational theory of mind

In philosophy of mind, the computational theory of mind (CTM), also known as computationalism, is a family of views that hold that the human mind is an information processing system and that cognition and consciousness together are a form of computation.

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Computer algebra

In mathematics and computer science, computer algebra, also called symbolic computation or algebraic computation, is a scientific area that refers to the study and development of algorithms and software for manipulating mathematical expressions and other mathematical objects.

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Computer audition

Computer audition (CA) or machine listening is the general field of study of algorithms and systems for audio interpretation by machines.

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Computer chess

Computer chess includes both hardware (dedicated computers) and software capable of playing chess.

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Computer Go

Computer Go is the field of artificial intelligence (AI) dedicated to creating a computer program that plays the traditional board game Go.

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Computer vision

Computer vision tasks include methods for acquiring, processing, analyzing and understanding digital images, and extraction of high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g. in the forms of decisions.

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Computer-assisted proof

A computer-assisted proof is a mathematical proof that has been at least partially generated by computer.

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Computing Machinery and Intelligence

"Computing Machinery and Intelligence" is a seminal paper written by Alan Turing on the topic of artificial intelligence.

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Concept mining

Concept mining is an activity that results in the extraction of concepts from artifacts.

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Conceptual dependency theory

Conceptual dependency theory is a model of natural language understanding used in artificial intelligence systems.

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Consciousness

Consciousness, at its simplest, is awareness of internal and external existence.

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Constrained conditional model

A constrained conditional model (CCM) is a machine learning and inference framework that augments the learning of conditional (probabilistic or discriminative) models with declarative constraints.

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Constraint satisfaction

In artificial intelligence and operations research, constraint satisfaction is the process of finding a solution through a set of constraints that impose conditions that the variables must satisfy.

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Control system

A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops.

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Convolutional neural network

A convolutional neural network (CNN) is a regularized type of feed-forward neural network that learns features by itself via filter (or kernel) optimization.

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Coreference

In linguistics, coreference, sometimes written co-reference, occurs when two or more expressions refer to the same person or thing; they have the same referent.

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Cortana (Halo)

Cortana is a fictional artificially intelligent character in the ''Halo'' video game series.

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Cortana (virtual assistant)

Cortana was a virtual assistant developed by Microsoft that used the Bing search engine to perform tasks such as setting reminders and answering questions for users.

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Creative computing

Creative computing covers the interdisciplinary area at the cross-over of the creative arts and computing.

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Culture series

The Culture series is a science fiction series written by Scottish author Iain M. Banks and released from 1987 through to 2012.

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Cybernetics

Cybernetics is the transdisciplinary study of circular processes such as feedback systems where outputs are also inputs.

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Cyborg

A cyborg (also known as cybernetic organism, cyber-organism, cyber-organic being, cybernetically enhanced organism, cybernetically augmented organism, technorganic being, techno-organic being, or techno-organism)—a portmanteau of '''''cyb'''ernetic'' and '''''org'''anism''—is a being with both organic and biomechatronic body parts.

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Cyc

Cyc (pronounced) is a long-term artificial intelligence project that aims to assemble a comprehensive ontology and knowledge base that spans the basic concepts and rules about how the world works.

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Cylons

The Cylons are a race of sentient robots in the Battlestar Galactica science fiction franchise, whose primary goal is the extermination of the human race.

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Dartmouth workshop

The Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence was a 1956 summer workshop widely consideredKline, Ronald R., "Cybernetics, Automata Studies and the Dartmouth Conference on Artificial Intelligence", IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, October–December, 2011, IEEE Computer Society to be the founding event of artificial intelligence as a field.

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Data (Star Trek)

Data is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise.

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Data mining

Data mining is the process of extracting and discovering patterns in large data sets involving methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems.

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David Ferrucci

David Ferrucci is an American computer scientist who served as the principal investigator of a team of IBM and academic researchers and engineers between 2007 and 2011 to the development of the Watson computer system, which won the television quiz show Jeopardy!.

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Decision analysis

Decision analysis (DA) is the discipline comprising the philosophy, methodology, and professional practice necessary to address important decisions in a formal manner.

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Decision support system

A decision support system (DSS) is an information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities.

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Decision theory

Decision theory (or the theory of choice) is a branch of applied probability theory and analytic philosophy concerned with the theory of making decisions based on assigning probabilities to various factors and assigning numerical consequences to the outcome.

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Decision tree pruning

Pruning is a data compression technique in machine learning and search algorithms that reduces the size of decision trees by removing sections of the tree that are non-critical and redundant to classify instances.

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Deep learning

Deep learning is the subset of machine learning methods based on neural networks with representation learning.

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Default logic

Default logic is a non-monotonic logic proposed by Raymond Reiter to formalize reasoning with default assumptions.

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Dennis Feltham Jones

Dennis Feltham Jones (15 July 1918 – 1 April 1981) was a British science fiction author who published under the name D.F. Jones.

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Depth-first search

Depth-first search (DFS) is an algorithm for traversing or searching tree or graph data structures.

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Description logic

Description logics (DL) are a family of formal knowledge representation languages.

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Destination: Void

Destination: Void is a science fiction novel by American author Frank Herbert, the first of four novels in the Pandora Sequence series.

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Developmental robotics

Developmental robotics (DevRob), sometimes called epigenetic robotics, is a scientific field which aims at studying the developmental mechanisms, architectures and constraints that allow lifelong and open-ended learning of new skills and new knowledge in embodied machines.

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Diagnosis (artificial intelligence)

As a subfield in artificial intelligence, diagnosis is concerned with the development of algorithms and techniques that are able to determine whether the behaviour of a system is correct.

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Differential evolution

In evolutionary computation, differential evolution (DE) is a method that optimizes a problem by iteratively trying to improve a candidate solution with regard to a given measure of quality.

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Digital image processing

Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm.

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Distributed artificial intelligence

Distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) also called Decentralized Artificial IntelligenceDemazeau, Yves, and J-P. Müller, eds.

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Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (retrospectively titled Blade Runner: Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? in some later printings) is a 1968 dystopian science fiction novel by American writer Philip K. Dick.

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Doctor Who

Doctor Who is a British science fiction television series broadcast by the BBC since 1963.

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Douglas Hofstadter

Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born February 15, 1945) is an American cognitive and computer scientist whose research includes concepts such as the sense of self in relation to the external world, consciousness, analogy-making, strange loops, artificial intelligence, and discovery in mathematics and physics.

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Dune (franchise)

Dune is an American science fiction media franchise that originated with the 1965 novel Dune by Frank Herbert and has continued to add new publications.

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Dynamic Bayesian network

A dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) is a Bayesian network (BN) which relates variables to each other over adjacent time steps.

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Edward Feigenbaum

Edward Albert Feigenbaum (born January 20, 1936) is a computer scientist working in the field of artificial intelligence, and joint winner of the 1994 ACM Turing Award.

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Eliezer Yudkowsky

Eliezer S. Yudkowsky (born September 11, 1979) is an American artificial intelligence researcher and writer on decision theory and ethics, best known for popularizing ideas related to friendly artificial intelligence.

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Email spam

Email spam, also referred to as junk email, spam mail, or simply spam, is unsolicited messages sent in bulk by email (spamming).

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Embodied cognition

Embodied cognition is the concept suggesting that many features of cognition are shaped by the state and capacities of the organism.

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Embodied cognitive science

Embodied cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field of research, the aim of which is to explain the mechanisms underlying intelligent behavior.

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Equality (mathematics)

In mathematics, equality is a relationship between two quantities or, more generally, two mathematical expressions, asserting that the quantities have the same value, or that the expressions represent the same mathematical object.

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Ethics of artificial intelligence

The ethics of artificial intelligence covers a broad range of topics within the field that are considered to have particular ethical stakes.

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European Association for Artificial Intelligence

The European Association for Artificial Intelligence (EurAI), formerly European Co-ordinating Committee for Artificial Intelligence (ECCAI), is the representative body for the European artificial intelligence community.

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European Neural Network Society

The European Neural Network Society (ENNS) is an association of scientists, engineers, students, and others seeking to learn about and advance understanding of artificial neural networks.

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Event calculus

The event calculus is a logical theory for representing and reasoning about events and about the way in which they change the state of some real or artificial world.

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Evolutionary computation

In computer science, evolutionary computation is a family of algorithms for global optimization inspired by biological evolution, and the subfield of artificial intelligence and soft computing studying these algorithms.

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Evolutionary robotics

Evolutionary robotics is an embodied approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI) in which robots are automatically designed using Darwinian principles of natural selection.

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Ex Machina (film)

Ex Machina is a 2014 science fiction thriller film written and directed by Alex Garland in his directorial debut.

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Existential risk from artificial general intelligence

Existential risk from artificial general intelligence refers to the idea that substantial progress in artificial general intelligence (AGI) could lead to human extinction or an irreversible global catastrophe.

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Expectation–maximization algorithm

In statistics, an expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm is an iterative method to find (local) maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates of parameters in statistical models, where the model depends on unobserved latent variables.

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Expert system

In artificial intelligence (AI), an expert system is a computer system emulating the decision-making ability of a human expert.

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Explanation-based learning

Explanation-based learning (EBL) is a form of machine learning that exploits a very strong, or even perfect, domain theory (i.e. a formal theory of an application domain akin to a domain model in ontology engineering, not to be confused with Scott's domain theory) in order to make generalizations or form concepts from training examples.

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Facebook

Facebook is a social media and social networking service owned by American technology conglomerate Meta.

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Facial recognition system

A facial recognition system is a technology potentially capable of matching a human face from a digital image or a video frame against a database of faces.

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Fallout 4

Fallout 4 is a 2015 action role-playing game developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks.

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Feedforward neural network

A feedforward neural network (FNN) is one of the two broad types of artificial neural network, characterized by direction of the flow of information between its layers.

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First Meetings

First Meetings (2002) is a collection of science fiction short stories by American writer Orson Scott Card, belonging to his ''Ender's Game'' series.

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First-order logic

First-order logic—also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, quantificational logic—is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science.

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Fluent calculus

The fluent calculus is a formalism for expressing dynamical domains in first-order logic.

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Forward chaining

Forward chaining (or forward reasoning) is one of the two main methods of reasoning when using an inference engine and can be described logically as repeated application of modus ponens.

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Foundation (Asimov novel)

Foundation is a science fiction novel by American writer Isaac Asimov.

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Frame (artificial intelligence)

Frames are an artificial intelligence data structure used to divide knowledge into substructures by representing "stereotyped situations".

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Frame problem

In artificial intelligence, with implications for cognitive science, the frame problem describes an issue with using first-order logic to express facts about a robot in the world.

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Frank Herbert

Franklin Patrick Herbert Jr. (October 8, 1920February 11, 1986) was an American science-fiction author, best known for his 1965 novel ''Dune'' and its five sequels.

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Friendly artificial intelligence

Friendly artificial intelligence (also friendly AI or FAI) is hypothetical artificial general intelligence (AGI) that would have a positive (benign) effect on humanity or at least align with human interests or contribute to fostering the improvement of the human species.

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Functionalism (philosophy of mind)

In the philosophy of mind, functionalism is the thesis that each and every mental state (for example, the state of having a belief, of having a desire, or of being in pain) is constituted solely by its functional role, which means its causal relation to other mental states, sensory inputs, and behavioral outputs.

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Future of Humanity Institute

The Future of Humanity Institute (FHI) was an interdisciplinary research centre at the University of Oxford investigating big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects.

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Future of Life Institute

The Future of Life Institute (FLI) is a nonprofit organization which aims to steer transformative technology towards benefiting life and away from large-scale risks, with a focus on existential risk from advanced artificial intelligence (AI).

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Futureworld

Futureworld is a 1976 American science fiction thriller film directed by Richard T. Heffron and written by Mayo Simon and George Schenck.

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Fuzzy control system

A fuzzy control system is a control system based on fuzzy logic—a mathematical system that analyzes analog input values in terms of logical variables that take on continuous values between 0 and 1, in contrast to classical or digital logic, which operates on discrete values of either 1 or 0 (true or false, respectively).

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Fuzzy logic

Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth value of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1.

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Fuzzy set

In mathematics, fuzzy sets (also known as uncertain sets) are sets whose elements have degrees of membership.

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Game theory

Game theory is the study of mathematical models of strategic interactions.

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Gene expression programming

In computer programming, gene expression programming (GEP) is an evolutionary algorithm that creates computer programs or models.

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Gene Roddenberry

Eugene Wesley Roddenberry Sr. (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American television screenwriter and producer who created the science fiction franchise Star Trek. Born in El Paso, Texas, Roddenberry grew up in Los Angeles, where his father was a police officer.

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General game playing

General game playing (GGP) is the design of artificial intelligence programs to be able to play more than one game successfully.

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General Problem Solver

General Problem Solver (GPS) is a computer program created in 1957 by Herbert A. Simon, J. C. Shaw, and Allen Newell (RAND Corporation) intended to work as a universal problem solver machine.

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Generative artificial intelligence

Generative artificial intelligence (generative AI, GenAI, or GAI) is artificial intelligence capable of generating text, images, videos, or other data using generative models, often in response to prompts.

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Genetic algorithm

In computer science and operations research, a genetic algorithm (GA) is a metaheuristic inspired by the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA).

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Genetic programming

In artificial intelligence, genetic programming (GP) is a technique of evolving programs, starting from a population of unfit (usually random) programs, fit for a particular task by applying operations analogous to natural genetic processes to the population of programs.

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Geoffrey Hinton

Geoffrey Everest Hinton One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: (born 6 December 1947) is a British-Canadian computer scientist and cognitive psychologist, most noted for his work on artificial neural networks.

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Ghost in the Shell

Ghost in the Shell is a Japanese cyberpunk media franchise based on the seinen manga series of the same name written and illustrated by Masamune Shirow.

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Glossary of artificial intelligence

This glossary of artificial intelligence is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to the study of artificial intelligence, its sub-disciplines, and related fields.

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Google

Google LLC is an American multinational corporation and technology company focusing on online advertising, search engine technology, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial intelligence (AI).

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Google Assistant

The Google Assistant is a virtual assistant software application developed by Google that is primarily available on mobile and home automation devices.

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Google Brain

Google Brain was a deep learning artificial intelligence research team under the umbrella of Google AI, a research division at Google dedicated to artificial intelligence.

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Google DeepMind

Google DeepMind Technologies Limited is a British-American artificial intelligence research laboratory which serves as a subsidiary of Google.

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Google Now

Google Now was a feature of Google Search of the Google app for Android and iOS.

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Greg Egan

Greg Egan (born 20 August 1961) is an Australian science fiction writer and mathematician, best known for his works of hard science fiction.

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Group method of data handling

Group method of data handling (GMDH) is a family of inductive algorithms for computer-based mathematical modeling of multi-parametric datasets that features fully automatic structural and parametric optimization of models.

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Group mind (science fiction)

A group mind, group ego, mind coalescence, or gestalt intelligence in science fiction is a plot device in which multiple minds, or consciousnesses, are linked into a single collective consciousness or intelligence.

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HAL 9000

HAL 9000 (or simply HAL or Hal) is a fictional artificial intelligence character and the main antagonist in Arthur C. Clarke's Space Odyssey series.

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Halo (franchise)

Halo is a military science fiction media franchise, originally developed and created by Bungie and currently managed and developed by 343 Industries, part of Microsoft's Xbox Game Studios.

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Handwriting recognition

Handwriting recognition (HWR), also known as handwritten text recognition (HTR), is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret intelligible handwritten input from sources such as paper documents, photographs, touch-screens and other devices. Outline of artificial intelligence and Handwriting recognition are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Hard problem of consciousness

In the philosophy of mind, the hard problem of consciousness is to explain why and how humans and other organisms have qualia, phenomenal consciousness, or subjective experience.

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Harlan Ellison

Harlan Jay Ellison (May 27, 1934 – June 28, 2018) was an American writer, known for his prolific and influential work in New Wave speculative fiction and for his outspoken, combative personality.

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Hebbian theory

Hebbian theory is a neuropsychological theory claiming that an increase in synaptic efficacy arises from a presynaptic cell's repeated and persistent stimulation of a postsynaptic cell.

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Her (film)

Her (stylized in lowercase) is a 2013 American science-fiction romantic comedy drama film written, directed, and co-produced by Spike Jonze.

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Herbert A. Simon

Herbert Alexander Simon (June 15, 1916 – February 9, 2001) was an American political scientist whose work also influenced the fields of computer science, economics, and cognitive psychology.

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Heuristic

A heuristic or heuristic technique (problem solving, mental shortcut, rule of thumb) is any approach to problem solving that employs a pragmatic method that is not fully optimized, perfected, or rationalized, but is nevertheless "good enough" as an approximation or attribute substitution.

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Hidden Markov model

A hidden Markov model (HMM) is a Markov model in which the observations are dependent on a latent (or "hidden") Markov process (referred to as X). An HMM requires that there be an observable process Y whose outcomes depend on the outcomes of X in a known way.

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Hierarchical control system

A hierarchical control system (HCS) is a form of control system in which a set of devices and governing software is arranged in a hierarchical tree.

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Hill climbing

In numerical analysis, hill climbing is a mathematical optimization technique which belongs to the family of local search.

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History of artificial intelligence

The history of artificial intelligence (AI) began in antiquity, with myths, stories and rumors of artificial beings endowed with intelligence or consciousness by master craftsmen.

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History of logic

The history of logic deals with the study of the development of the science of valid inference (logic).

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History of machine translation

Machine translation is a sub-field of computational linguistics that investigates the use of software to translate text or speech from one natural language to another.

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History of natural language processing

The history of natural language processing describes the advances of natural language processing.

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Holly (Red Dwarf)

Holly is a fictional character in the science fiction situation comedy Red Dwarf.

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Hopfield network

A Hopfield network (associative memory or Ising–Lenz–Little model or Nakano-Amari-Hopfield network) is a spin glass system used to model neural networks, based on Ernst Ising's work with Wilhelm Lenz on the Ising model of magnetic materials.

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Horn clause

In mathematical logic and logic programming, a Horn clause is a logical formula of a particular rule-like form that gives it useful properties for use in logic programming, formal specification, universal algebra and model theory.

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Hubert Dreyfus's views on artificial intelligence

Hubert Dreyfus was a critic of artificial intelligence research.

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Hugging Face

Hugging Face, Inc. is a French-American company incorporated under the Delaware General Corporation Law and based in New York City that develops computation tools for building applications using machine learning.

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Hugo de Garis

Hugo de Garis (born 1947) is an Australian retired researcher in the sub-field of artificial intelligence (AI) known as evolvable hardware.

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Human Brain Project

The Human Brain Project (HBP) was a €1-billion EU scientific research project that ran for ten years from 2013 to 2023.

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Human enhancement

Human enhancement is the natural, artificial, or technological alteration of the human body in order to enhance physical or mental capabilities.

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Hybrid intelligent system

Hybrid intelligent system denotes a software system which employs, in parallel, a combination of methods and techniques from artificial intelligence subfields, such as.

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Hybrid neural network

The term hybrid neural network can have two meanings.

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I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream

"I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream" is a post-apocalyptic science fiction short story by American writer Harlan Ellison.

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Iain Banks

Iain Banks (16 February 1954 – 9 June 2013) was a Scottish author, writing mainstream fiction as Iain Banks and science fiction as Iain M. Banks, adding the initial of his adopted middle name Menzies.

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IBM

International Business Machines Corporation (using the trademark IBM), nicknamed Big Blue, is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York and present in over 175 countries.

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IBM Watson

IBM Watson is a computer system capable of answering questions posed in natural language.

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Identity (social science)

Identity is the set of qualities, beliefs, personality traits, appearance, and/or expressions that characterize a person or a group.

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IEEE Intelligent Systems

IEEE Intelligent Systems is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the IEEE Computer Society and sponsored by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), British Computer Society (BCS), and European Association for Artificial Intelligence (EurAI).

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (sometimes abbreviated as IEEE PAMI or simply PAMI) is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the IEEE Computer Society.

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ILabs

iLabs is a non-profit Milan-based organization pursuing multidisciplinary research on radical extension of human life-span.

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Image retrieval

An image retrieval system is a computer system used for browsing, searching and retrieving images from a large database of digital images.

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Inductive logic programming

Inductive logic programming (ILP) is a subfield of symbolic artificial intelligence which uses logic programming as a uniform representation for examples, background knowledge and hypotheses.

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Influence diagram

An influence diagram (ID) (also called a relevance diagram, decision diagram or a decision network) is a compact graphical and mathematical representation of a decision situation.

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Information extraction

Information extraction (IE) is the task of automatically extracting structured information from unstructured and/or semi-structured machine-readable documents and other electronically represented sources.

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Information retrieval

Information retrieval (IR) in computing and information science is the task of identifying and retrieving information system resources that are relevant to an information need.

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Inheritance (object-oriented programming)

In object-oriented programming, inheritance is the mechanism of basing an object or class upon another object (prototype-based inheritance) or class (class-based inheritance), retaining similar implementation.

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Intelligent agent

In intelligence and artificial intelligence, an intelligent agent (IA) is an agent acting in an intelligent manner.

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Intelligent control

Intelligent control is a class of control techniques that use various artificial intelligence computing approaches like neural networks, Bayesian probability, fuzzy logic, machine learning, reinforcement learning, evolutionary computation and genetic algorithms.

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Intelligent word recognition

Intelligent Word Recognition, or IWR, is the recognition of unconstrained handwritten words.

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Intentionality

Intentionality is the mental ability to refer to or represent something.

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International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence

The International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) is a conference in the field of artificial intelligence.

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Isaac Asimov

Isaac Asimov (– April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.

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Jane (Ender's Game)

Jane is a fictional character in Orson Scott Card's ''Ender'' series.

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Jürgen Schmidhuber

Jürgen Schmidhuber (born 17 January 1963) is a German computer scientist noted for his work in the field of artificial intelligence, specifically artificial neural networks.

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John McCarthy (computer scientist)

John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 – October 24, 2011) was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist.

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John von Neumann

John von Neumann (Neumann János Lajos; December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957) was a Hungarian and American mathematician, physicist, computer scientist, engineer and polymath.

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Judea Pearl

Judea Pearl (born September 4, 1936) is an Israeli-American computer scientist and philosopher, best known for championing the probabilistic approach to artificial intelligence and the development of Bayesian networks (see the article on belief propagation).

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K-nearest neighbors algorithm

In statistics, the k-nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN) is a non-parametric supervised learning method first developed by Evelyn Fix and Joseph Hodges in 1951, and later expanded by Thomas Cover.

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Kalman filter

For statistics and control theory, Kalman filtering, also known as linear quadratic estimation, is an algorithm that uses a series of measurements observed over time, including statistical noise and other inaccuracies, and produces estimates of unknown variables that tend to be more accurate than those based on a single measurement alone, by estimating a joint probability distribution over the variables for each timeframe.

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Kernel method

In machine learning, kernel machines are a class of algorithms for pattern analysis, whose best known member is the support-vector machine (SVM).

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Keymaker

The Keymaker is a fictional character, portrayed by Korean-American actor Randall Duk Kim, in the 2003 film The Matrix Reloaded.

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Kismet (robot)

Kismet is a robot head which was made in the 1990s at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (''MIT'') by Dr.

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Knowledge management

Knowledge management (KM) is the collection of methods relating to creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organization.

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Knowledge representation and reasoning

Knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR, KR&R, KR²) is the field of artificial intelligence (AI) dedicated to representing information about the world in a form that a computer system can use to solve complex tasks such as diagnosing a medical condition or having a dialog in a natural language.

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Language identification

In natural language processing, language identification or language guessing is the problem of determining which natural language given content is in.

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Large language model

A large language model (LLM) is a computational model notable for its ability to achieve general-purpose language generation and other natural language processing tasks such as classification.

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Larry Page

Lawrence Edward Page (born March 26, 1973) is an American businessman, computer scientist, and internet entrepreneur best known for co-founding Google with Sergey Brin.

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Lethal autonomous weapon

Lethal autonomous weapons (LAWs) are a type of autonomous military system that can independently search for and engage targets based on programmed constraints and descriptions.

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LIDA (cognitive architecture)

The LIDA (Learning Intelligent Distribution Agent) cognitive architecture attempts to model a broad spectrum of cognition in biological systems, from low-level perception/action to high-level reasoning.

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List of artificial intelligence projects

The following is a list of current and past, non-classified notable artificial intelligence projects. Outline of artificial intelligence and list of artificial intelligence projects are applications of artificial intelligence and computing-related lists.

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List of emerging technologies

This is a list of emerging technologies, which are in-development technical innovations that have significant potential in their applications.

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List of Ghost in the Shell characters

This is a list of fictional characters in the Ghost in the Shell media franchise created by Masamune Shirow.

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Loebner Prize

The Loebner Prize was an annual competition in artificial intelligence that awarded prizes to the computer programs considered by the judges to be the most human-like.

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Logic

Logic is the study of correct reasoning.

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Logic programming

Logic programming is a programming, database and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic.

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Long short-term memory

Long short-term memory (LSTM) is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN) aimed at dealing with the vanishing gradient problem present in traditional RNNs.

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Machine ethics

Machine ethics (or machine morality, computational morality, or computational ethics) is a part of the ethics of artificial intelligence concerned with adding or ensuring moral behaviors of man-made machines that use artificial intelligence, otherwise known as artificial intelligent agents.

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Machine Intelligence Research Institute

The Machine Intelligence Research Institute (MIRI), formerly the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence (SIAI), is a non-profit research institute focused since 2005 on identifying and managing potential existential risks from artificial general intelligence.

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Machine learning

Machine learning (ML) is a field of study in artificial intelligence concerned with the development and study of statistical algorithms that can learn from data and generalize to unseen data and thus perform tasks without explicit instructions.

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Machine perception

Machine perception is the capability of a computer system to interpret data in a manner that is similar to the way humans use their senses to relate to the world around them.

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Machine translation

Machine translation is use of computational techniques to translate text or speech from one language to another, including the contextual, idiomatic and pragmatic nuances of both languages. Outline of artificial intelligence and Machine translation are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Manga

are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan.

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Marc Raibert

Marc Raibert (born December 22, 1949) is the Executive Director of the Boston Dynamics AI Institute, a Hyundai Motor Group organization.

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Markov decision process

In mathematics, a Markov decision process (MDP) is a discrete-time stochastic control process.

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Marvin Minsky

Marvin Lee Minsky (August 9, 1927 – January 24, 2016) was an American cognitive and computer scientist concerned largely with research of artificial intelligence (AI).

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Maschinenmensch

The Maschinenmensch (literally 'machine-human' in German) is a fictional robot featured in Thea von Harbou's novel Metropolis and Fritz Lang's film adaption of the novel.

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Mass Effect

Mass Effect is a military science fiction media franchise created by Casey Hudson.

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Mathematical optimization

Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives.

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Means–ends analysis

Means–ends analysis (MEA) is a problem solving technique used commonly in artificial intelligence (AI) for limiting search in AI programs.

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Mechanism design

Mechanism design, sometimes called implementation theory or institution design, is a branch of economics, social choice, and game theory that deals with designing game forms (or mechanisms) to implement a given social choice function.

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Meka Robotics

Meka Robotics was a San Francisco–based company that made robotic systems.

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Metaheuristic

In computer science and mathematical optimization, a metaheuristic is a higher-level procedure or heuristic designed to find, generate, tune, or select a heuristic (partial search algorithm) that may provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem or a machine learning problem, especially with incomplete or imperfect information or limited computation capacity.

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Metropolis (1927 film)

Metropolis is a 1927 German expressionist science-fiction silent film directed by Fritz Lang and written by Thea von Harbou in collaboration with Lang from von Harbou's 1925 novel of the same name (which was intentionally written as a treatment).

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Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Redmond, Washington.

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Military robot

Military robots are autonomous robots or remote-controlled mobile robots designed for military applications, from transport to search & rescue and attack.

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Mind

The mind is what thinks, feels, perceives, imagines, remembers, and wills, encompassing the totality of mental phenomena.

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Mind uploading

Mind uploading is a speculative process of whole brain emulation in which a brain scan is used to completely emulate the mental state of the individual in a digital computer.

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Mindpixel

Mindpixel was a web-based collaborative artificial intelligence project which aimed to create a knowledgebase of millions of human validated true/false statements, or probabilistic propositions.

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Minimax

Minimax (sometimes Minmax, MM or saddle point) is a decision rule used in artificial intelligence, decision theory, game theory, statistics, and philosophy for minimizing the possible loss for a worst case (''max''imum loss) scenario.

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Modal logic

Modal logic is a kind of logic used to represent statements about necessity and possibility.

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Monitoring and surveillance agents

Monitoring and surveillance agents (also known as predictive agents) are a type of intelligent agent software that observes and reports on computer equipment. Outline of artificial intelligence and Monitoring and surveillance agents are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Moore's law

Moore's law is the observation that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit (IC) doubles about every two years.

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Moravec's paradox

Moravec's paradox is the observation in artificial intelligence and robotics that, contrary to traditional assumptions, reasoning requires very little computation, but sensorimotor and perception skills require enormous computational resources.

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Multi-agent system

A multi-agent system (MAS or "self-organized system") is a computerized system composed of multiple interacting intelligent agents.

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Murray Shanahan

Murray Patrick Shanahan is a professor of Cognitive Robotics at Imperial College London, in the Department of Computing, and a senior scientist at DeepMind.

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Music and artificial intelligence

Music and artificial intelligence (AI) is the development of music software programs which use AI to generate music.

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Mycroft (software)

Mycroft was a free and open-source software virtual assistant that uses a natural language user interface.

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Naive Bayes classifier

In statistics, naive Bayes classifiers are a family of linear "probabilistic classifiers" which assumes that the features are conditionally independent, given the target class.

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Named-entity recognition

Named-entity recognition (NER) (also known as (named) entity identification, entity chunking, and entity extraction) is a subtask of information extraction that seeks to locate and classify named entities mentioned in unstructured text into pre-defined categories such as person names, organizations, locations, medical codes, time expressions, quantities, monetary values, percentages, etc.

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Nathaniel Rochester (computer scientist)

Nathaniel Rochester (January 14, 1919 – June 8, 2001) was the chief architect of the IBM 701, the first mass produced scientific computer, and of the prototype of its first commercial version, the IBM 702.

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Natural language processing

Natural language processing (NLP) is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and artificial intelligence. Outline of artificial intelligence and Natural language processing are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Natural language understanding

Natural language understanding (NLU) or natural language interpretation (NLI) is a subset of natural language processing in artificial intelligence that deals with machine reading comprehension.

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Natural-language user interface

Natural-language user interface (LUI or NLUI) is a type of computer human interface where linguistic phenomena such as verbs, phrases and clauses act as UI controls for creating, selecting and modifying data in software applications.

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Neats and scruffies

In the history of artificial intelligence, neat and scruffy are two contrasting approaches to artificial intelligence (AI) research.

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Netflix

Netflix is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service.

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Network topology

Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a communication network.

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Networked control system

A networked control system (NCS) is a control system wherein the control loops are closed through a communication network.

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Neural modeling fields

Neural modeling field (NMF) is a mathematical framework for machine learning which combines ideas from neural networks, fuzzy logic, and model based recognition.

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Neural network (machine learning)

In machine learning, a neural network (also artificial neural network or neural net, abbreviated ANN or NN) is a model inspired by the structure and function of biological neural networks in animal brains.

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Neural Networks (journal)

Neural Networks is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal and an official journal of the International Neural Network Society, European Neural Network Society, and Japanese Neural Network Society.

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Neuroevolution

Neuroevolution, or neuro-evolution, is a form of artificial intelligence that uses evolutionary algorithms to generate artificial neural networks (ANN), parameters, and rules.

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New York University Center for Data Science

The NYU Center for Data Science (CDS) is a degree-granting graduate institute and research center at New York University.

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New-Gen

New-Gen, styled NEW-GEN, is a superhero comic book series created in 2008 by J.D. Matonti, Chris Matonti and Julia Coppola, of A.P.N.G. Enterprises.

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Nick Bostrom

Nick Bostrom (Niklas Boström; born 10 March 1973 in Sweden) is a philosopher known for his work on existential risk, the anthropic principle, human enhancement ethics, whole brain emulation, superintelligence risks, and the reversal test.

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Non-monotonic logic

A non-monotonic logic is a formal logic whose conclusion relation is not monotonic.

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Norbert Wiener

Norbert Wiener (November 26, 1894 – March 18, 1964) was an American computer scientist, mathematician and philosopher.

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Nouvelle AI

Nouvelle artificial intelligence (AI) is an approach to artificial intelligence pioneered in the 1980s by Rodney Brooks, who was then part of MIT artificial intelligence laboratory.

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On Intelligence

On Intelligence: How a New Understanding of the Brain will Lead to the Creation of Truly Intelligent Machines is a 2004 book by Jeff Hawkins and Sandra Blakeslee.

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Ontology (information science)

In information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming, and definitions of the categories, properties, and relations between the concepts, data, or entities that pertain to one, many, or all domains of discourse.

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Open Mind Common Sense

Open Mind Common Sense (OMCS) is an artificial intelligence project based at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab whose goal is to build and utilize a large commonsense knowledge base from the contributions of many thousands of people across the Web.

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OpenAI

OpenAI is an American artificial intelligence (AI) research organization founded in December 2015 and headquartered in San Francisco, California.

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OpenCog

OpenCog is a project that aims to build an open source artificial intelligence framework.

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OpenIRIS

OpenIRIS not to be confused with OpenIris a PC VR eye-tracking software. OpenIRIS is the open-source version of IRIS, a semantic desktop that enables users to create a "personal map" across their office-related information objects.

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Optical character recognition

Optical character recognition or optical character reader (OCR) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo of a document, a scene photo (for example the text on signs and billboards in a landscape photo) or from subtitle text superimposed on an image (for example: from a television broadcast). Outline of artificial intelligence and optical character recognition are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Optical mark recognition

Optical mark recognition (OMR) collects data from people by identifying markings on a paper.

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Ordered weighted averaging

In applied mathematics, specifically in fuzzy logic, the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators provide a parameterized class of mean type aggregation operators.

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Orson Scott Card

Orson Scott Card (born August 24, 1951) is an American writer known best for his science fiction works.

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Outline (list)

An outline, also called a hierarchical outline, is a list arranged to show hierarchical relationships and is a type of tree structure.

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Outline of computer vision

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to computer vision: Computer vision – interdisciplinary field that deals with how computers can be made to gain high-level understanding from digital images or videos. Outline of artificial intelligence and outline of computer vision are computing-related lists, outlines and outlines of sciences.

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Outline of machine learning

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to machine learning: Machine learning – a subfield of soft computing within computer science that evolved from the study of pattern recognition and computational learning theory in artificial intelligence. Outline of artificial intelligence and outline of machine learning are computing-related lists and outlines.

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Outline of natural language processing

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to natural-language processing: natural-language processing – computer activity in which computers are entailed to analyze, understand, alter, or generate natural language. Outline of artificial intelligence and outline of natural language processing are outlines.

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Outline of object recognition

Object recognition – technology in the field of computer vision for finding and identifying objects in an image or video sequence. Outline of artificial intelligence and Outline of object recognition are outlines.

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Paraconsistent logic

Paraconsistent logic is an attempt at a logical system to deal with contradictions in a discriminating way.

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Paradigms of AI Programming

Paradigms of AI Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp is a well-known programming book by Peter Norvig about artificial intelligence programming using Common Lisp.

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Particle swarm optimization

In computational science, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a computational method that optimizes a problem by iteratively trying to improve a candidate solution with regard to a given measure of quality.

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Partnership on AI

Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society, otherwise known as Partnership on AI, is a nonprofit coalition committed to the responsible use of artificial intelligence.

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Pattern recognition

Pattern recognition is the task of assigning a class to an observation based on patterns extracted from data.

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Percept (artificial intelligence)

A percept is the input that an intelligent agent is perceiving at any given moment.

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Perceptron

In machine learning, the perceptron (or McCulloch–Pitts neuron) is an algorithm for supervised learning of binary classifiers.

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Perceptual computing

Perceptual computing is an application of Zadeh's theory of computing with words on the field of assisting people to make subjective judgments.

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Permutation City

Permutation City is a 1994 science-fiction novel by Greg Egan that explores many concepts, including quantum ontology, through various philosophical aspects of artificial life and simulated reality.

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Person of Interest (TV series)

Person of Interest is an American science fiction crime drama television series that aired on CBS from September 22, 2011, to June 21, 2016, with its five seasons consisting of 103 episodes.

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Peter Norvig

Peter Norvig (born December 14, 1956) is an American computer scientist and Distinguished Education Fellow at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI.

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Philosophy of mind

The philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of the mind and its relation to the body and the external world.

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Physical symbol system

A physical symbol system (also called a formal system) takes physical patterns (symbols), combining them into structures (expressions) and manipulating them (using processes) to produce new expressions.

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Posthumanism

Posthumanism or post-humanism (meaning "after humanism" or "beyond humanism") is an idea in continental philosophy and critical theory responding to the presence of anthropocentrism in 21st-century thought.

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Process mining

Process mining is a family of techniques used to analyze event data in order to understand and improve operational processes.

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Production system (computer science)

A "production system" (or "production rule system") is a computer program typically used to provide some form of artificial intelligence, which consists primarily of a set of rules about behavior, but it also includes the mechanism necessary to follow those rules as the system responds to states of the world.

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Progress in artificial intelligence

Progress in artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the advances, milestones, and breakthroughs that have been achieved in the field of artificial intelligence over time.

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Project Debater

Project Debater is an IBM artificial intelligence project, designed to participate in a full live debate with expert human debaters.

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Propositional calculus

The propositional calculus is a branch of logic.

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PyTorch

PyTorch is a machine learning library based on the Torch library, used for applications such as computer vision and natural language processing, originally developed by Meta AI and now part of the Linux Foundation umbrella.

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QRIO

QRIO ("Quest for cuRIOsity", originally named Sony Dream Robot or SDR) was a bipedal humanoid entertainment robot developed and marketed (but never sold) by Sony to follow up on the success of its AIBO entertainment robot.

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Qualification problem

In philosophy and AI (especially, knowledge-based systems), the qualification problem is concerned with the impossibility of listing all the preconditions required for a real-world action to have its intended effect.

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Question answering

Question answering (QA) is a computer science discipline within the fields of information retrieval and natural language processing (NLP) that is concerned with building systems that automatically answer questions that are posed by humans in a natural language.

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R2-D2

R2-D2 or Artoo-Detoo is a fictional robot character in the Star Wars franchise created by George Lucas.

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Radial basis function network

In the field of mathematical modeling, a radial basis function network is an artificial neural network that uses radial basis functions as activation functions.

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Raj Reddy

Dabbala Rajagopal "Raj" Reddy (born 13 June 1937) is an Indian-American computer scientist and a winner of the Turing Award.

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Random optimization

Random optimization (RO) is a family of numerical optimization methods that do not require the gradient of the problem to be optimized and RO can hence be used on functions that are not continuous or differentiable.

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RapidMiner

RapidMiner is a data science platform that analyses the collective impact of an organization's data.

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Rational agent

A rational agent or rational being is a person or entity that always aims to perform optimal actions based on given premises and information.

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Ray Kurzweil

Raymond Kurzweil (born February 12, 1948) is an American computer scientist, author, entrepreneur, futurist, and inventor.

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Ray Solomonoff

Ray Solomonoff (July 25, 1926 – December 7, 2009) was an American mathematician who invented algorithmic probability, his General Theory of Inductive Inference (also known as Universal Inductive Inference),Samuel Rathmanner and Marcus Hutter.

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Real Humans

Real Humans (Äkta människor) is a 2012 Swedish science fiction/drama series set in an alternative near-future version of Sweden where consumer-level humanoid robot workers and servants are widespread.

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Recurrent neural network

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a class of artificial neural networks for sequential data processing.

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Recursive self-improvement

Recursive self-improvement (RSI) is a process in which an early or weak artificial general intelligence (AGI) system enhances its own capabilities and intelligence without human intervention, leading to a superintelligence or intelligence explosion.

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Red Dwarf

Red Dwarf is a British science fiction comedy series created by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, consisting of a sitcom that aired on BBC Two between 1988 and 1999, and on Dave since 2009, gaining a cult following.

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Regulation of artificial intelligence

Regulation of artificial intelligence is the development of public sector policies and laws for promoting and regulating artificial intelligence (AI).

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Relationship extraction

A relationship extraction task requires the detection and classification of semantic relationship mentions within a set of artifacts, typically from text or XML documents.

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Replicant

A replicant is a fictional bioengineered humanoid featured in the 1982 film Blade Runner and the 2017 sequel Blade Runner 2049 which is physically indistinguishable from an adult human and often possesses superhuman strength and intelligence.

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Restricted Boltzmann machine

A restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) (also called a restricted Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model with external field or restricted stochastic Ising–Lenz–Little model) is a generative stochastic artificial neural network that can learn a probability distribution over its set of inputs.

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Roboduck

Roboduck is a superhero that appears in the NEW-GEN comic books published by Marvel Comics.

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Robot series

The Robot Series is a series of thirty-seven science fiction short stories and six novels created by American writer Isaac Asimov, from 1940 to 1995.

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Robotics

Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and practice of the design, construction, operation, and use of robots.

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Rodney Brooks

Rodney Allen Brooks (born 30 December 1954) is an Australian roboticist, Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science, author, and robotics entrepreneur, most known for popularizing the actionist approach to robotics.

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Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien) is one of the royal academies of Sweden.

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Rule of inference

In philosophy of logic and logic, a rule of inference, inference rule or transformation rule is a logical form consisting of a function which takes premises, analyzes their syntax, and returns a conclusion (or conclusions).

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Rule-based system

In computer science, a rule-based system is a computer system in which domain-specific knowledge is represented in the form of rules and general-purpose reasoning is used to solve problems in the domain.

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Satplan

Satplan (better known as Planning as Satisfiability) is a method for automated planning.

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Script theory

Script theory is a psychological theory which posits that human behaviour largely falls into patterns called "scripts" because they function the way a written script does, by providing a program for action.

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Search algorithm

In computer science, a search algorithm is an algorithm designed to solve a search problem.

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Search tree

In computer science, a search tree is a tree data structure used for locating specific keys from within a set.

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Self-management (computer science)

Self-management is the process by which computer systems manage their own operation without human intervention.

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Self-replicating machine

A self-replicating machine is a type of autonomous robot that is capable of reproducing itself autonomously using raw materials found in the environment, thus exhibiting self-replication in a way analogous to that found in nature.

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Semantic network

A semantic network, or frame network is a knowledge base that represents semantic relations between concepts in a network.

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Semantic translation

Semantic translation is the process of using semantic information to aid in the translation of data in one representation or data model to another representation or data model.

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Sepp Hochreiter

Josef "Sepp" Hochreiter (born 14 February 1967) is a German computer scientist.

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Seymour Papert

Seymour Aubrey Papert (29 February 1928 – 31 July 2016) was a South African-born American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator, who spent most of his career teaching and researching at MIT.

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Ship in a Bottle (Star Trek: The Next Generation)

"Ship in a Bottle" is the 138th episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, the 12th episode of the sixth season.

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Short Circuit (1986 film)

Short Circuit is a 1986 American science fiction comedy film directed by John Badham and written by S. S. Wilson and Brent Maddock.

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Silent speech interface

Silent speech interface is a device that allows speech communication without using the sound made when people vocalize their speech sounds.

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Simulated annealing

Simulated annealing (SA) is a probabilistic technique for approximating the global optimum of a given function.

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Singularitarianism

Singularitarianism is a movement defined by the belief that a technological singularity—the creation of superintelligence—will likely happen in the medium future, and that deliberate action ought to be taken to ensure that the singularity benefits humans.

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Siri

Siri is the digital assistant that is part of Apple Inc.'s iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, macOS, tvOS, audioOS, and visionOS operating systems.

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Situated

In artificial intelligence and cognitive science, the term situated refers to an agent which is embedded in an environment.

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Situation calculus

The situation calculus is a logic formalism designed for representing and reasoning about dynamical domains.

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Skynet (Terminator)

Skynet is an artificial neural network-based conscious group mind and artificial general superintelligence system that serves as the antagonistic force of the ''Terminator'' franchise.

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Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and the Simulation of Behaviour

The Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour or SSAISB or AISB is a nonprofit, scientific society devoted to advancing the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behaviour and their simulation and embodiment in machines.

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Society of Mind

The Society of Mind is both the title of a 1986 book and the name of a theory of natural intelligence as written and developed by Marvin Minsky.

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Soft computing

Soft computing is an umbrella term used to describe types of algorithms that produce approximate solutions to unsolvable high-level problems in computer science.

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Speaker for the Dead

Speaker for the Dead is a 1986 science fiction novel by American writer Orson Scott Card, an indirect sequel to the 1985 novel Ender's Game.

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Speaker recognition

Speaker recognition is the identification of a person from characteristics of voices.

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Speech recognition

Speech recognition is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enable the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers. Outline of artificial intelligence and Speech recognition are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Speech-generating device

Speech-generating devices (SGDs), also known as voice output communication aids, are electronic augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems used to supplement or replace speech or writing for individuals with severe speech impairments, enabling them to verbally communicate. Outline of artificial intelligence and speech-generating device are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Sprawl trilogy

The Sprawl trilogy (also known as the Neuromancer or Cyberspace trilogy) is William Gibson's first set of novels, composed of Neuromancer (1984), Count Zero (1986), and Mona Lisa Overdrive (1988).

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Star Trek: The Next Generation

Star Trek: The Next Generation (TNG) is an American science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry.

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Star Wars

Star Wars is an American epic space opera media franchise created by George Lucas, which began with the eponymous 1977 film and quickly became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon.

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State space search

State space search is a process used in the field of computer science, including artificial intelligence (AI), in which successive configurations or states of an instance are considered, with the intention of finding a goal state with the desired property.

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Statistical classification

When classification is performed by a computer, statistical methods are normally used to develop the algorithm.

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Statistical semantics

In linguistics, statistical semantics applies the methods of statistics to the problem of determining the meaning of words or phrases, ideally through unsupervised learning, to a degree of precision at least sufficient for the purpose of information retrieval. Outline of artificial intelligence and statistical semantics are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Strategic planning

Strategic planning is an organization's process of defining its strategy or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to attain strategic goals.

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Stuart J. Russell

Stuart Jonathan Russell (born 1962) is a British computer scientist known for his contributions to artificial intelligence (AI).

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Subsumption architecture

Subsumption architecture is a reactive robotic architecture heavily associated with behavior-based robotics which was very popular in the 1980s and 90s.

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Superintelligence

A superintelligence is a hypothetical agent that possesses intelligence far surpassing that of the brightest and most gifted human minds.

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Supervised learning

Supervised learning (SL) is a paradigm in machine learning where input objects (for example, a vector of predictor variables) and a desired output value (also known as human-labeled supervisory signal) train a model.

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Support vector machine

In machine learning, support vector machines (SVMs, also support vector networks) are supervised max-margin models with associated learning algorithms that analyze data for classification and regression analysis.

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Sussman anomaly

The Sussman anomaly is a problem in artificial intelligence, first described by Gerald Sussman, that illustrates a weakness of noninterleaved planning algorithms, which were prominent in the early 1970s.

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Swarm intelligence

Swarm intelligence (SI) is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, natural or artificial.

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Symbolic artificial intelligence

In artificial intelligence, symbolic artificial intelligence is the term for the collection of all methods in artificial intelligence research that are based on high-level symbolic (human-readable) representations of problems, logic and search.

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Synthetic intelligence

Synthetic intelligence (SI) is an alternative/opposite term for artificial intelligence emphasizing that the intelligence of machines need not be an imitation or in any way artificial; it can be a genuine form of intelligence.

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TARDIS

The TARDIS (acronym for "Time And Relative Dimension In Space") is a fictional hybrid of a time machine and spacecraft that appears in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who and its various spin-offs.

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Technological singularity

The technological singularity—or simply the singularity—is a hypothetical future point in time at which technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible, resulting in unforeseeable consequences for human civilization.

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TensorFlow

TensorFlow is a free and open-source software library for machine learning and artificial intelligence.

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Terminator (character)

The Terminator, also known as a Cyberdyne Systems Model 101 or the T-800, is the name of several film characters from the ''Terminator'' franchise portrayed by Arnold Schwarzenegger.

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Terminator (franchise)

Terminator is an American media franchise created by James Cameron and Gale Anne Hurd.

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Terminology extraction

Terminology extraction (also known as term extraction, glossary extraction, term recognition, or terminology mining) is a subtask of information extraction.

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Text mining

Text mining, text data mining (TDM) or text analytics is the process of deriving high-quality information from text.

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The Animatrix

is a 2003 American-Japanese adult animated science-fiction anthology film produced by the Wachowskis.

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The Bicentennial Man

"The Bicentennial Man" is a novelette in the ''Robot'' series by American writer Isaac Asimov.

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The City and the Stars

The City and the Stars is a science fiction novel by British writer Arthur C. Clarke, published in 1956.

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The Culture

The Culture is a fictional interstellar post-scarcity civilisation or society created by the Scottish writer Iain Banks and features in a number of his space opera novels and works of short fiction, collectively called the ''Culture'' series.

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The Machine (2013 film)

The Machine is a 2013 British science fiction thriller film directed and written by Caradog W. James.

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The Master Algorithm

The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World is a book by Pedro Domingos released in 2015.

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The Matrix

The Matrix is a 1999 science fiction action film written and directed by the Wachowskis.

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The Matrix (franchise)

The Matrix is an American cyberpunk media franchise consisting of four feature films, beginning with The Matrix (1999) and continuing with three sequels, The Matrix Reloaded, The Matrix Revolutions (both 2003), and The Matrix Resurrections (2021).

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The Oracle (The Matrix)

The Oracle is a fictional character in ''The Matrix'' franchise.

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The Questor Tapes

The Questor Tapes is a 1974 American made-for-television sci-fi drama film about an android (portrayed by Robert Foxworth) with incomplete memory tapes who is searching for his creator and his purpose.

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Three Laws of Robotics

The Three Laws of Robotics (often shortened to The Three Laws or Asimov's Laws) are a set of rules devised by science fiction author Isaac Asimov, which were to be followed by robots in several of his stories.

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Timeline of artificial intelligence

This is a timeline of artificial intelligence, sometimes alternatively called synthetic intelligence.

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Timeline of machine learning

This page is a timeline of machine learning.

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Timeline of machine translation

This is a timeline of machine translation.

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Timeline of optical character recognition

This is a timeline of optical character recognition.

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TOPIO

TOPIO ("TOSY Ping Pong Playing Robot") is a bipedal humanoid robot designed to play table tennis against a human being.

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Transcendence (2014 film)

Transcendence is a 2014 American science fiction thriller film directed by Wally Pfister (in his directorial debut) and written by Jack Paglen.

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Transformers

Transformers is a media franchise produced by American toy company Hasbro and Japanese toy company Takara Tomy.

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Transhumanism

Transhumanism is a philosophical and intellectual movement that advocates the enhancement of the human condition by developing and making widely available new and future technologies that can greatly enhance longevity, cognition, and well-being.

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Turing test

The Turing test, originally called the imitation game by Alan Turing in 1950, is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behaviour equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human.

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Uncanny valley

The effect is a hypothesized psychological and aesthetic relation between an object's degree of resemblance to a human being and the emotional response to the object.

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Understanding

Understanding is a cognitive process related to an abstract or physical object, such as a person, situation, or message whereby one is able to use concepts to model that object.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.

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Universal Robotics

Universal Logic, Inc., formerly Universal Robotics, Inc., is an artificial intelligence software engineering and robotics integration company headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee.

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Unmanned combat aerial vehicle

An unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV), also known as a combat drone, fighter drone or battlefield UAV, is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is used for intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance and carries aircraft ordnance such as missiles, anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs), and/or bombs in hardpoints for drone strikes.

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Unsupervised learning

Unsupervised learning is a method in machine learning where, in contrast to supervised learning, algorithms learn patterns exclusively from unlabeled data.

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Upper ontology

In information science, an upper ontology (also known as a top-level ontology, upper model, or foundation ontology) is an ontology (in the sense used in information science) that consists of very general terms (such as "object", "property", "relation") that are common across all domains.

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User illusion

In the philosophy of mind, the user illusion is a metaphor for a proposed description of consciousness that argues that conscious experience does not directly expose objective reality, but instead provides a simplified version of reality that allows humans to make decisions and act in their environment, akin to a computer desktop.

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Vehicle infrastructure integration

Vehicle infrastructure integration (VII) is an initiative fostering research and application development for a series of technologies directly linking road vehicles to their physical surroundings, first and foremost to improve road safety. Outline of artificial intelligence and vehicle infrastructure integration are applications of artificial intelligence.

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Video game bot

In video games, a bot or drone is a type of artificial intelligence (AI)–based expert system software that plays a video game in the place of a human.

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Virtual assistant

A virtual assistant (VA) is a software agent that can perform a range of tasks or services for a user based on user input such as commands or questions, including verbal ones.

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Virtual intelligence

Virtual intelligence (VI) is the term given to artificial intelligence that exists within a virtual world.

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Viv (software)

Viv is a discontinued intelligent personal assistant created by the developers of Siri.

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WALL-E

WALL-E (stylized with an interpunct as WALL·E) is a 2008 American animated romantic science fiction film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures.

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Walter Pitts

Walter Harry Pitts, Jr. (23 April 1923 – 14 May 1969) was an American logician who worked in the field of computational neuroscience.

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WarGames

WarGames is a 1983 American techno-thriller film directed by John Badham, written by Lawrence Lasker and Walter F. Parkes, and starring Matthew Broderick, Dabney Coleman, John Wood and Ally Sheedy.

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Warren Sturgis McCulloch

Warren Sturgis McCulloch (November 16, 1898 – September 24, 1969) was an American neurophysiologist and cybernetician, known for his work on the foundation for certain brain theories and his contribution to the cybernetics movement.

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Weak artificial intelligence

Weak artificial intelligence (weak AI) is artificial intelligence that implements a limited part of the mind, or, as narrow AI, is focused on one narrow task.

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Weak supervision

Weak supervision is a paradigm in machine learning, the relevance and notability of which increased with the advent of large language models due to large amount of data required to train them.

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Westworld (film)

Westworld is a 1973 American science fiction Western film written and directed by Michael Crichton.

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William Gibson

William Ford Gibson (born March 17, 1948) is an American-Canadian speculative fiction writer and essayist widely credited with pioneering the science fiction subgenre known as cyberpunk.

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X Development

X Development LLC, doing business as X (formerly Google X), is an American semi-secret research and development facility and organization founded by Google in January 2010.

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Xenocide

Xenocide (1991) is a science fiction novel by American writer Orson Scott Card, the third book in the Ender's Game series.

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Yann LeCun

Yann André LeCun (originally spelled Le Cun; born 8 July 1960) is a French-American computer scientist working primarily in the fields of machine learning, computer vision, mobile robotics and computational neuroscience.

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Yoshua Bengio

Yoshua Bengio (born March 5, 1964) is a Canadian computer scientist, most noted for his work on artificial neural networks and deep learning.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_artificial_intelligence

Also known as Computational tools for artificial intelligence, List of artificial intelligence topics, List of basic artificial intelligence topics, List of open-source AI development tools, Outline of AI, Outline of automated reasoning, Outline of machine perception, Outline of philosophy of artificial intelligence, Topic outline of artificial intelligence, Topical outline of artificial intelligence.

, Ash (Alien), ASIMO, Assistant (by Speaktoit), Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, Attractor network, Automated Mathematician, Automated planning and scheduling, Automated reasoning, Automated theorem proving, Automatic image annotation, Automatic number-plate recognition, Automatic target recognition, Autonomic computing, Autonomic networking, Backpropagation, Backward chaining, Baidu, Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series), Bayes estimator, Bayesian inference, Bayesian network, Beam search, Behavior-based robotics, Belief revision, Best-first search, Bio-inspired computing, Blackboard system, Blade Runner, Blue Brain Project, Boston Dynamics, Braina, Branches of science, Breadth-first search, Brute-force search, C-3PO, CALO, Case-based reasoning, Chappie (film), Chatbot, Children of the Mind, Chinese room, Chris Moriarty, Circumscription (logic), Claude Shannon, Clinical decision support system, Closed-world assumption, Cog (project), Cognition, Cognitive architecture, Colossus (novel), Colossus: The Forbin Project, Combs method, Commonsense knowledge (artificial intelligence), Competitions and prizes in artificial intelligence, Competitive learning, Computational creativity, Computational humor, Computational Intelligence (journal), Computational theory of mind, Computer algebra, Computer audition, Computer chess, Computer Go, Computer vision, Computer-assisted proof, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, Concept mining, Conceptual dependency theory, Consciousness, Constrained conditional model, Constraint satisfaction, Control system, Convolutional neural network, Coreference, Cortana (Halo), Cortana (virtual assistant), Creative computing, Culture series, Cybernetics, Cyborg, Cyc, Cylons, Dartmouth workshop, Data (Star Trek), Data mining, David Ferrucci, Decision analysis, Decision support system, Decision theory, Decision tree pruning, Deep learning, Default logic, Dennis Feltham Jones, Depth-first search, Description logic, Destination: Void, Developmental robotics, Diagnosis (artificial intelligence), Differential evolution, Digital image processing, Distributed artificial intelligence, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, Doctor Who, Douglas Hofstadter, Dune (franchise), Dynamic Bayesian network, Edward Feigenbaum, Eliezer Yudkowsky, Email spam, Embodied cognition, Embodied cognitive science, Equality (mathematics), Ethics of artificial intelligence, European Association for Artificial Intelligence, European Neural Network Society, Event calculus, Evolutionary computation, Evolutionary robotics, Ex Machina (film), Existential risk from artificial general intelligence, Expectation–maximization algorithm, Expert system, Explanation-based learning, Facebook, Facial recognition system, Fallout 4, Feedforward neural network, First Meetings, First-order logic, Fluent calculus, Forward chaining, Foundation (Asimov novel), Frame (artificial intelligence), Frame problem, Frank Herbert, Friendly artificial intelligence, Functionalism (philosophy of mind), Future of Humanity Institute, Future of Life Institute, Futureworld, Fuzzy control system, Fuzzy logic, Fuzzy set, Game theory, Gene expression programming, Gene Roddenberry, General game playing, General Problem Solver, Generative artificial intelligence, Genetic algorithm, Genetic programming, Geoffrey Hinton, Ghost in the Shell, Glossary of artificial intelligence, Google, Google Assistant, Google Brain, Google DeepMind, Google Now, Greg Egan, Group method of data handling, Group mind (science fiction), HAL 9000, Halo (franchise), Handwriting recognition, Hard problem of consciousness, Harlan Ellison, Hebbian theory, Her (film), Herbert A. Simon, Heuristic, Hidden Markov model, Hierarchical control system, Hill climbing, History of artificial intelligence, History of logic, History of machine translation, History of natural language processing, Holly (Red Dwarf), Hopfield network, Horn clause, Hubert Dreyfus's views on artificial intelligence, Hugging Face, Hugo de Garis, Human Brain Project, Human enhancement, Hybrid intelligent system, Hybrid neural network, I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream, Iain Banks, IBM, IBM Watson, Identity (social science), IEEE Intelligent Systems, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, ILabs, Image retrieval, Inductive logic programming, Influence diagram, Information extraction, Information retrieval, Inheritance (object-oriented programming), Intelligent agent, Intelligent control, Intelligent word recognition, Intentionality, International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Isaac Asimov, Jane (Ender's Game), Jürgen Schmidhuber, John McCarthy (computer scientist), John von Neumann, Judea Pearl, K-nearest neighbors algorithm, Kalman filter, Kernel method, Keymaker, Kismet (robot), Knowledge management, Knowledge representation and reasoning, Language identification, Large language model, Larry Page, Lethal autonomous weapon, LIDA (cognitive architecture), List of artificial intelligence projects, List of emerging technologies, List of Ghost in the Shell characters, Loebner Prize, Logic, Logic programming, Long short-term memory, Machine ethics, Machine Intelligence Research Institute, Machine learning, Machine perception, Machine translation, Manga, Marc Raibert, Markov decision process, Marvin Minsky, Maschinenmensch, Mass Effect, Mathematical optimization, Means–ends analysis, Mechanism design, Meka Robotics, Metaheuristic, Metropolis (1927 film), Microsoft, Military robot, Mind, Mind uploading, Mindpixel, Minimax, Modal logic, Monitoring and surveillance agents, Moore's law, Moravec's paradox, Multi-agent system, Murray Shanahan, Music and artificial intelligence, Mycroft (software), Naive Bayes classifier, Named-entity recognition, Nathaniel Rochester (computer scientist), Natural language processing, Natural language understanding, Natural-language user interface, Neats and scruffies, Netflix, Network topology, Networked control system, Neural modeling fields, Neural network (machine learning), Neural Networks (journal), Neuroevolution, New York University Center for Data Science, New-Gen, Nick Bostrom, Non-monotonic logic, Norbert Wiener, Nouvelle AI, On Intelligence, Ontology (information science), Open Mind Common Sense, OpenAI, OpenCog, OpenIRIS, Optical character recognition, Optical mark recognition, Ordered weighted averaging, Orson Scott Card, Outline (list), Outline of computer vision, Outline of machine learning, Outline of natural language processing, Outline of object recognition, Paraconsistent logic, Paradigms of AI Programming, Particle swarm optimization, Partnership on AI, Pattern recognition, Percept (artificial intelligence), Perceptron, Perceptual computing, Permutation City, Person of Interest (TV series), Peter Norvig, Philosophy of mind, Physical symbol system, Posthumanism, Process mining, Production system (computer science), Progress in artificial intelligence, Project Debater, Propositional calculus, PyTorch, QRIO, Qualification problem, Question answering, R2-D2, Radial basis function network, Raj Reddy, Random optimization, RapidMiner, Rational agent, Ray Kurzweil, Ray Solomonoff, Real Humans, Recurrent neural network, Recursive self-improvement, Red Dwarf, Regulation of artificial intelligence, Relationship extraction, Replicant, Restricted Boltzmann machine, Roboduck, Robot series, Robotics, Rodney Brooks, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Rule of inference, Rule-based system, Satplan, Script theory, Search algorithm, Search tree, Self-management (computer science), Self-replicating machine, Semantic network, Semantic translation, Sepp Hochreiter, Seymour Papert, Ship in a Bottle (Star Trek: The Next Generation), Short Circuit (1986 film), Silent speech interface, Simulated annealing, Singularitarianism, Siri, Situated, Situation calculus, Skynet (Terminator), Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and the Simulation of Behaviour, Society of Mind, Soft computing, Speaker for the Dead, Speaker recognition, Speech recognition, Speech-generating device, Sprawl trilogy, Star Trek: The Next Generation, Star Wars, State space search, Statistical classification, Statistical semantics, Strategic planning, Stuart J. Russell, Subsumption architecture, Superintelligence, Supervised learning, Support vector machine, Sussman anomaly, Swarm intelligence, Symbolic artificial intelligence, Synthetic intelligence, TARDIS, Technological singularity, TensorFlow, Terminator (character), Terminator (franchise), Terminology extraction, Text mining, The Animatrix, The Bicentennial Man, The City and the Stars, The Culture, The Machine (2013 film), The Master Algorithm, The Matrix, The Matrix (franchise), The Oracle (The Matrix), The Questor Tapes, Three Laws of Robotics, Timeline of artificial intelligence, Timeline of machine learning, Timeline of machine translation, Timeline of optical character recognition, TOPIO, Transcendence (2014 film), Transformers, Transhumanism, Turing test, Uncanny valley, Understanding, UNESCO, Universal Robotics, Unmanned combat aerial vehicle, Unsupervised learning, Upper ontology, User illusion, Vehicle infrastructure integration, Video game bot, Virtual assistant, Virtual intelligence, Viv (software), WALL-E, Walter Pitts, WarGames, Warren Sturgis McCulloch, Weak artificial intelligence, Weak supervision, Westworld (film), William Gibson, X Development, Xenocide, Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio.

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