Communication

366 relations: Admiralty, Aeglidae, Alacalufe, Alicurá Dam, Allochthon, Alps, Amerigo Vespucci, Andean condor, Andes, Antarctic Plate, Antarctica, Antonio Pigafetta, Aplochiton, Apostolic Prefecture of Southern Patagonia, Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Patagonia, Araucanization of Patagonia, Argentina, Argentino Lake, Argentinosaurus, Arroyito Dam, Astyanax (fish), Atlantic Ocean, Austral parakeet, Autochthon (geology), Aysén Region, Bahía Blanca, Baker River (Chile), Balmaceda, Chile, Bariloche, Barrancas River, Basalt, Basilio Villarino, Benetton Group, Bernardo O'Higgins, Bernardo O'Higgins National Park, Berriasian, Bolas, Boroano people, Brüggen Glacier, British Museum, Bruce Chatwin, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Province, Calfucurá, Cami Lake, Camino de los chilenos, Cape Horn, Cape Virgenes, Carmen de Patagones, Carretera Austral, ..., Catfish, Caypullisaurus, Cenozoic, Cerros Colorados Complex, Cetacea, Chacaicosaurus, Chaitén (volcano), Characiformes, Charles Darwin, Charles II of England, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charrúa, Cheirodon, Chevron Corporation, Chile, Chile Rise, Chile Triple Junction, Chilean flamingo, Chiloé Archipelago, Chono, Chonos Archipelago, Christopher Lambert, Chubut Province, Chubut River, Cipolletti, Circumnavigation, CNN, Colorado River (Argentina), Commodore (Royal Navy), Common carp, Communes of Chile, Comodoro Rivadavia, Conquest of the Desert, Cordillera Paine, Corriedale, Cougar, Coyhaique, Creole peoples, Cretaceous, Cricosaurus, Cueva de las Manos, Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument, Darwin's rhea, De jure, Del Desierto Lake, Departments of Argentina, Deseado River, Dinosaur, Diplomystes, Domuyo, Douglas Tompkins, Dynamic topography, El Chocón Dam, Elephant seal, Endesa, Esquel, Estancia, Etymology, Falkland Islands, Ferdinand Magellan, Firearm, Fitz Roy, Floridablanca (Patagonia), Fondue, Francis Drake, Francisco Moreno Museum of Patagonia, Fuerte Bulnes, Futaleufú River, Gaiman, Chubut, Galaxias, Gaucho, General Alvear, Mendoza, General Roca, Río Negro, Geologist, George Chaworth Musters, Geosaurus, Glacier, Gonçalo Coelho, Governorates of the Spanish Empire, Granite, Grassland, Gravel, Greek language, Green-backed firecrown, Grey Glacier, Ground sloth, Guaitecas Archipelago, Gualichu, Guanaco, Hatcheria macraei, Haush, Herbstosaurus, Heritage railway, HidroAysén, HMS Aid (1809), HMS Beagle, HMS Dolphin (1751), Horse, Huincul Fault, Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk, Hummingbird, Hurtado de Mendoza, Hydraulic fracturing, Hydrography, In Patagonia, Inútil Bay, Indigenous peoples, Inland sea (geology), Introduced species, Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, James Cook, João de Lisboa, John Byron, John Davis (English explorer), John Hawkesworth (book editor), John Narborough, Journal of Paleontology, Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Juan Ladrillero, Juan Manuel de Rosas, Julio Argentino Roca, Julius Popper, Jurassic, Killer whale, King crab, Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia, Knight-errant, La Trochita, Lago Puelo National Park, Lake, Lake Musters and Lake Colhue Huapi, Lanín, Lanín National Park, Laurence Bergreen, Lava, Lácar Lake, Limay River, List of deserts by area, Lithodes santolla, Llanquihue Province, Lonko, Los Alerces National Park, Los Glaciares National Park, Los Lagos Department, Los Lagos Region, Los Molles Formation, Louis Antoine de Bougainville, Luciano Benetton, Magallanes Region, Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation, Magellanic penguin, Magellanic tuco-tuco, Malón, Mantle convection, Manual labour, Manuel Bulnes, Mapuche, Maquinchao, Marine mammal, Marine transgression, Megafauna, Memoirs of Museum Victoria, Merino, Mesozoic, Miguel Doura, Miocene, Mollesaurus, Monte Verde, Mount Hudson, Mountain pass, Myr, Nahuel Huapi Lake, Nahuel Huapi National Park, Naked characin, National Statistics Institute (Chile), Nazca Plate, Neotropical silverside, Neuquén, Neuquén – Plottier – Cipolletti, Neuquén Province, New World, Nombre de Dios (mission), Nothofagus, Nueve de Julio, Buenos Aires, Odontesthes, Oligocene, Oligosarcus, Orélie-Antoine de Tounens, Osmeriformes, Ozone layer, Pacific Ocean, Palena Province, Pampas, Pampean orogeny, Paphlagonia, Pascua River, Patagon, Patagonian Desert, Patagonian Expedition Race, Patagonian Ice Sheet, Patagonian mara, Paul Theroux, Pedro de Mendoza, Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, Penguin Books, Percichthys, Perito Moreno Glacier, Permian, Phillip Parker King, Phytosanitary certification, Piatnitzkysaurus, Pichi Picún Leufú Dam, Piedra del Águila Dam, Pinophyta, Plateau, Pleistocene, Porphyry (geology), Princeton University Press, Provinces of Argentina, Provinces of Chile, Puerto del Hambre, Puerto Deseado, Puerto Madryn, Puerto Montt, Puerto San Julián, Pumalín Park, Punta Arenas, Pyrotherium, Queensland, Rain shadow, Río de la Plata, Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego, Río Negro (Argentina), Río Negro Province, Río Turbio, Regions of Chile, Reloncaví Estuary, Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, Rhea (bird), Rio de Janeiro, River incision, Robert FitzRoy, Robert John Pankhurst, Rodent, Romania, Samuel Wallis, San Jorge Gulf, San Julian Bay, San Matías Gulf, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Santa Cruz River (Argentina), Santiago, Second voyage of HMS Beagle, Selk'nam people, Senguerr River, Skull, Slab window, South America, South American gray fox, South Pole, Southern Cone, Southern crested caracara, Southern Fuegian Railway, Southern Hemisphere, Southern Patagonian Ice Field, Southern right whale, Steamer duck, Steppe, Strait of Magellan, Structural geology, Subduction, Sylvester Stallone, Taitao Peninsula, Teahouse, Tectonics, Ted Turner, Tehuelche people, Temperate perch, Terrane, The Old Patagonian Express, Thomas Cavendish, Thomas Falkner, Tierra del Fuego, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina, Timeline of human prehistory, Tithonian, Torres del Paine National Park, Trelew, Tres Arroyos, Trevelin, Trichomycterus, Trout, Types of volcanic eruptions, Unconventional oil, Unitary state, Upland goose, Ushuaia, Vaca Muerta, Valcheta, Valdes Peninsula, Víctor Alberto Ramos, Veinticinco de Mayo, Buenos Aires, Vertebrate, Viedma, Río Negro, Viscacha, Wenupteryx, Wet Andes, William Henry Hudson, Wool, World Heritage site, Y Wladfa, Yaghan people, YPF, Zanja de Alsina, 10th millennium BC. 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Admiralty

The Admiralty, originally known as the Office of the Admiralty and Marine Affairs, was the government department responsible for the command of the Royal Navy firstly in the Kingdom of England, secondly in the Kingdom of Great Britain, and from 1801 to 1964, the United Kingdom and former British Empire.

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Aeglidae

The Aeglidae are a family of freshwater crustaceans currently restricted to South America.

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Alacalufe

The Alacalufe, also known as the Kawésqar, Kaweskar, Alacaluf or Halakwulup (meaning "mussel eater" in Yaghan), are an indigenous people who live in Chilean Patagonia, specifically in the Brunswick Peninsula, and Wellington, Santa Inés, and Desolación islands of the western area of Tierra del Fuego.

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Alicurá Dam

The Alicurá Dam (in Spanish, Embalse de Alicurá) is the first of five dams on the Limay River in northwestern Argentine Patagonia (the Comahue region), about from the city of San Carlos de Bariloche and above mean sea level.

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Allochthon

window. A klippe is a solitary outcrop of the nappe in the middle of autochthonous material. In structural geology, an allochthon, or an allochthonous block, is a large block of rock which has been moved from its original site of formation, usually by low angle thrust faulting.

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Alps

The Alps (Alpes; Alpen; Alpi; Alps; Alpe) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe,The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia.

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Amerigo Vespucci

Amerigo Vespucci (March 9, 1454February 22, 1512) was an Italian explorer, financier, navigator and cartographer.

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Andean condor

The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) is a South American bird in the New World vulture family Cathartidae and is the only member of the genus Vultur.

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Andes

The Andes or Andean Mountains (Cordillera de los Andes) are the longest continental mountain range in the world.

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Antarctic Plate

The Antarctic Plate is a tectonic plate containing the continent of Antarctica and extending outward under the surrounding oceans.

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Antarctica

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent.

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Antonio Pigafetta

Antonio Pigafetta (c. 1491 – c. 1531) was an Italian scholar and explorer from the Republic of Venice.

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Aplochiton

Aplochiton is a genus of osmeriform fish of the family Galaxiidae native to South America and the Falklands Islands.

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Apostolic Prefecture of Southern Patagonia

The Apostolic Prefecture of Southern Patagonia was a short-lived (1884-1916) pre-diocesan Latin Catholic jurisdiction in Patagonia (notably Tierra del Fuego), i.e. southern Chile and - Argentina.

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Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Patagonia

The Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Patagonia was a short-lived (1884-1904) pre-diocesan Latin Rite Catholic jurisdiction in Patagonia, southern Argentina.

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Araucanization of Patagonia

The Araucanization of Patagonia (Araucanización de la Patagonia) was the process of the expansion of Mapuche culture, influence, and its Mapudungun language from Araucanía across the Andes into the plains of Patagonia.

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Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic (República Argentina), is a federal republic located mostly in the southern half of South America.

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Argentino Lake

Lago Argentino is a lake in the Patagonian province of Santa Cruz, Argentina, at.

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Argentinosaurus

Argentinosaurus (meaning "Argentine lizard") is a genus of titanosaur sauropod dinosaur first discovered by Guillermo Heredia in Argentina.

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Arroyito Dam

The Arroyito Dam (in Spanish, Embalse de Arroyito) is the fifth of five dams on the Limay River in northwestern Argentine Patagonia (the Comahue region), at above mean sea level.

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Astyanax (fish)

Astyanax is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Characidae of the order Characiformes.

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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.

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Austral parakeet

The austral parakeet, austral conure, or emerald parakeet (Enicognathus ferrugineus) is a parrot found from the southern tip of South America – further south than any other parrot – to as far north as Temuco.

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Autochthon (geology)

An autochthon in structural geology is a large block or mass of rock which is in the place of its original formation relative to its basement or foundation rock.

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Aysén Region

The Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region (Región de Aysén,, XI Región Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo), often shortened to Aysén Region or Aisén,Examples of name usage:, official regional government site refers to the region as "Región de Aysén".

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Bahía Blanca

Bahía Blanca (English: White Bay) is a city in the southwest of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, by the Atlantic Ocean, and is the seat of government of Bahía Blanca Partido.

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Baker River (Chile)

The Baker River is a river located in the Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region of the Chilean Patagonia.

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Balmaceda, Chile

Balmaceda is a Chilean village (aldea) located south east of Coyhaique in Aysén Region.

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Bariloche

San Carlos de Bariloche, usually known as Bariloche, is a city in the province of Río Negro, Argentina, situated in the foothills of the Andes on the southern shores of Nahuel Huapi Lake.

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Barrancas River

The Barrancas River is a river in western Argentina.

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Basalt

Basalt is a common extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of a planet or moon.

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Basilio Villarino

Basilio Villarino (1741 – 1785) was a captain of the Spanish Royal Navy who traveled around the southern tip of South America.

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Benetton Group

Benetton Group S.r.l. (correct; often mispronounced or) is a global fashion brand based in Ponzano Veneto, Italy.

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Bernardo O'Higgins

Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (1778–1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence.

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Bernardo O'Higgins National Park

Bernardo O'Higgins National Park is the largest of the protected areas in Chile, covering an area of in both the Aysén and Magallanes and Antártica Chilena regions.

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Berriasian

In the geological timescale, the Berriasian is an age or stage of the Early Cretaceous.

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Bolas

A bolas (plural: bolas or bolases; from Spanish bola, "ball", also known as boleadoras) is a type of throwing weapon made of weights on the ends of interconnected cords, used to capture animals by entangling their legs.

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Boroano people

The Boroanos, Borogas o Boroganos (also spelled with v) where a group of Mapuches native to the aillarehue of Boroa in Araucanía that got involved in several conflicts in the northern Patagonian pampas supporting figures such as José Miguel Carrera, the Pincheira brothers and Juan Manuel Rosas.

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Brüggen Glacier

Brüggen Glacier, also known as Pío XI Glacier, is in southern Chile and is the largest western outflow from the Southern Patagonian Ice Field.

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British Museum

The British Museum, located in the Bloomsbury area of London, United Kingdom, is a public institution dedicated to human history, art and culture.

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Bruce Chatwin

Charles Bruce Chatwin (13 May 194018 January 1989) was an English travel writer, novelist, and journalist.

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Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires is the capital and most populous city of Argentina.

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Buenos Aires Province

Buenos Aires (Provincia de Buenos Aires; English: "good airs") is the largest and most populous Argentinian province.

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Calfucurá

Calfucurá also known as Juan Calfucurá or Cufulcurá (b. late 1770s; d. 1873), was a leading Mapuche lonco and military figure in Patagonia in the 19th century.

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Cami Lake

Fagnano Lake (Lago Fagnano), also called Lake Cami, is a lake located on the main island of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, and shared by Argentina and Chile.

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Camino de los chilenos

Rastrillada de los chilenos or Camino de los chilenos (Spanish for road of the Chileans) were a group of routes in Patagonia used by Mapuches and related araucanized tribes to head cattle stolen during malones from Argentina to Chile across the Andes.

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Cape Horn

Cape Horn (Cabo de Hornos) is the southernmost headland of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago of southern Chile, and is located on the small Hornos Island.

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Cape Virgenes

Capes in the Americas Cape Virgenes (Cabo Virgenes, Cape Virgins) is the southeastern tip of continental Argentina but the southern one, a little to the south-west, is Punta Dungeness.

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Carmen de Patagones

Carmen de Patagones is the southernmost city in the.

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Carretera Austral

The Carretera Austral (CH-7, in english: Southern Way) is the name given to Chile's Route 7.

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Catfish

Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish.

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Caypullisaurus

Caypullisaurus is an extinct genus of large platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (Tithonian and Berriasian stages) of Argentina.

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Cenozoic

The Cenozoic Era meaning "new life", is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras, following the Mesozoic Era and, extending from 66 million years ago to the present day.

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Cerros Colorados Complex

The Cerros Colorados Complex is a group of dams and hydroelectricity generation facilities on the lower valley of the Neuquén River, in Neuquén, Argentina.

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Cetacea

Cetacea are a widely distributed and diverse clade of aquatic mammals that today consists of the whales, dolphins, and porpoises.

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Chacaicosaurus

Chacaicosaurus is an extinct genus of long-snouted thunnosaur ichthyosaur known from the northwestern Patagonia area of Argentina.

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Chaitén (volcano)

Chaitén is a volcanic caldera in diameter, west of the elongated ice-capped Michinmahuida volcano and northeast of the town of Chaitén, near the Gulf of Corcovado in southern Chile.

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Characiformes

Characiformes is an order of ray-finned fish, comprising the characins and their allies.

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Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin, (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

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Charles II of England

Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was king of England, Scotland and Ireland.

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Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles V (Carlos; Karl; Carlo; Karel; Carolus; 24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of both the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and the Spanish Empire (as Charles I of Spain) from 1516, as well as of the lands of the former Duchy of Burgundy from 1506.

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Charrúa

The Charrúa are an Amerindian, Indigenous People or Indigenous Nation of the Southern Cone in present-day Uruguay and the adjacent areas in Argentina (Entre Ríos) and Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).

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Cheirodon

Cheirodon is a genus of characins occurring in South America.

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Chevron Corporation

Chevron Corporation is an American multinational energy corporation.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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Chile Rise

The Chile Rise or Chile Ridge is an oceanic ridge, a tectonic divergent plate boundary between the Nazca and Antarctic Plates.

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Chile Triple Junction

The Chile Triple Junction (or Chile Margin Triple Junction) is a geologic triple junction located on the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean off Taitao and Tres Montes Peninsula on the southern coast of Chile.

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Chilean flamingo

The Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis) is a large species of flamingo at closely related to American flamingo and greater flamingo, with which it was sometimes considered conspecific.

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Chiloé Archipelago

The Chiloé Archipelago (Archipiélago de Chiloé) is a group of islands lying off the coast of Chile, in the Los Lagos Region.

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Chono

Chono, or Chona, is a generic name for a nomadic, indigenous people of the Chiloé Archipelago, Chile.

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Chonos Archipelago

Chonos Archipelago is a series of low mountainous elongated islands with deep bays, traces of a submerged Chilean Coast Range.

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Christopher Lambert

Christopher Guy Denis Lambert (born 29 March 1957) is a French-American actor.

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Chubut Province

Chubut (Talaith Chubut; Provincia del Chubut) is a province in southern Argentina, situated between the 42nd parallel south (the border with Río Negro Province), the 46th parallel south (bordering Santa Cruz Province), the Andes range to the west, and the Atlantic ocean to the east.

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Chubut River

The Chubut River (Río Chubut, Afon Camwy) is located in the Patagonia region of southern Argentina.

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Cipolletti

Cipolletti is a city in north of the Patagonian, with 75,078 inhabitants at the.

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Circumnavigation

Circumnavigation is navigation completely around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon).

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CNN

Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.

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Colorado River (Argentina)

The Colorado River (Río Colorado) is a river in the south of Argentina.

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Commodore (Royal Navy)

Commodore (Cdre) is a rank of the Royal Navy above captain and below rear admiral.

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Common carp

The common carp or European carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a widespread freshwater fish of eutrophic waters in lakes and large rivers in Europe and Asia.

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Communes of Chile

A commune (comuna) is the smallest administrative subdivision in Chile.

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Comodoro Rivadavia

Comodoro Rivadavia is a city in the Patagonian province of Chubut in southern Argentina, located on the San Jorge Gulf, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, at the foot of the Chenque Hill.

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Conquest of the Desert

The Conquest of the Desert (Conquista del desierto) was a military campaign directed mainly by General Julio Argentino Roca in the 1870s with the intent to establish Argentine dominance over Patagonia, which was inhabited by indigenous peoples.

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Cordillera Paine

The Cordillera Paine is a small sophia mendoza mountain group in Torres del Paine National Park in Chilean Patagonia.

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Corriedale

Corriedale sheep are a dual purpose breed, meaning they are used both in the production of wool and meat.

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Cougar

The cougar (Puma concolor), also commonly known as the mountain lion, puma, panther, or catamount, is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae native to the Americas.

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Coyhaique

Coyhaique, also spelled Coihaique in Patagonia, is the capital city of both the Coyhaique Province and the Aysén Region of Chile.

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Creole peoples

Creole peoples (and its cognates in other languages such as crioulo, criollo, creolo, créole, kriolu, criol, kreyol, kreol, kriol, krio, kriyoyo, etc.) are ethnic groups which originated from creolisation, linguistic, cultural and racial mixing between colonial-era emigrants from Europe with non-European peoples, climates and cuisines.

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Cretaceous

The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago (mya) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period mya.

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Cricosaurus

Cricosaurus is an extinct genus of marine crocodyliform belonging to the family Metriorhynchidae.

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Cueva de las Manos

Cueva de las Manos (Spanish for Cave of Hands) is a cave or a series of caves located in the province of Santa Cruz, Argentina, 163 km (101 mi) south of the town of Perito Moreno.

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Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument

Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument is a Natural Monument located in the Chilean Patagonia, northwest of Puerto Natales and north of Punta Arenas.

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Darwin's rhea

The Darwin's rhea (Rhea pennata), also known as the lesser rhea, is a large flightless bird, but the smaller of the two extant species of rheas.

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De jure

In law and government, de jure (lit) describes practices that are legally recognised, whether or not the practices exist in reality.

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Del Desierto Lake

The Del Desierto lake or Lake of the Desert (called Lago del Desierto in Argentina and Laguna del Desierto in Chile) is a lake, located in the Lago Argentino Department, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina.

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Departments of Argentina

Departments (departamentos) form the second level of administrative division (below the provinces) in all of Argentina except for the Province of Buenos Aires and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, the national capital, each of which has different administrative arrangements.

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Deseado River

Deseado River is a river in the Argentine province of Santa Cruz.

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Dinosaur

Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria.

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Diplomystes

Diplomystes is a genus of velvet catfishes, a primitive family of catfishes (order Siluriformes) endemic to Chile.

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Domuyo

The Domuyo Volcano is a stratovolcano located in the Argentine province of Neuquén.

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Douglas Tompkins

Douglas Rainsford Tompkins (March 20, 1943 – December 8, 2015) was an American conservationist, outdoorsman, philanthropist, filmmaker, agriculturalist, and businessman who assembled and preserved the land which became the largest gift of private land to government in South America.

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Dynamic topography

The term dynamic topography is used in geodynamics to refer to elevation differences caused by the flow within the Earth's mantle.

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El Chocón Dam

The El Chocón Dam (La Presa de El Chocón) is the fourth of the five dams on the Limay River in the northwestern Argentine Patagonia (the Comahue region), at above mean sea level.

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Elephant seal

Elephant seals are large, oceangoing earless seals in the genus Mirounga.

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Endesa

Endesa, S.A. (originally an initialism for Empresa Nacional de Electricidad, S.A.) is the largest electric utility company in Spain.

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Esquel

Esquel is a town in the northwest of Chubut Province in Argentine Patagonia.

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Estancia

Estancia or "estancia" is a term describing private landholdings.

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Etymology

EtymologyThe New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time".

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Falkland Islands

The Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) is an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf.

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Ferdinand Magellan

Ferdinand Magellan (or; Fernão de Magalhães,; Fernando de Magallanes,; c. 1480 – 27 April 1521) was a Portuguese explorer who organised the Spanish expedition to the East Indies from 1519 to 1522, resulting in the first circumnavigation of the Earth, completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano.

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Firearm

A firearm is a portable gun (a barreled ranged weapon) that inflicts damage on targets by launching one or more projectiles driven by rapidly expanding high-pressure gas produced by exothermic combustion (deflagration) of propellant within an ammunition cartridge.

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Fitz Roy

Monte Fitz Roy (also known as Cerro Chaltén, Cerro Fitz Roy, or simply Mount Fitz Roy) is a mountain in Patagonia, on the border between Argentina and Chile.

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Floridablanca (Patagonia)

The Spanish settlement Nueva Colonia y Fuerte de Floridablanca was established in San Julian Bay in 1780 and abandoned four years later due to scurvy.

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Fondue

Fondue is a Swiss dish of melted cheese served in a communal pot (caquelon or fondue pot) over a portable stove (réchaud) heated with a candle or spirit lamp, and eaten by dipping bread into the cheese using long-stemmed forks.

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Francis Drake

Sir Francis Drake (– 28 January 1596) was an English sea captain, privateer, slave trader, naval officer and explorer of the Elizabethan era.

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Francisco Moreno Museum of Patagonia

The Francisco P. Moreno Museum of Patagonia is a natural history and cultural anthropology museum located in the Civic Center of Bariloche, Argentina.

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Fuerte Bulnes

Fuerte Bulnes is a Chilean fort located by the Strait of Magellan, 62 km south of Punta Arenas.

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Futaleufú River

The Futaleufú River, located in northern Patagonia, is one of the premier whitewater rivers in the world.

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Gaiman, Chubut

Gaiman is a town in the Chubut Province of Patagonia in Argentina.

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Galaxias

Galaxias is a genus of small, highly successful freshwater fish in the Galaxiidae family.

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Gaucho

A gaucho or gaúcho is a skilled horseman, reputed to be brave and unruly.

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General Alvear, Mendoza

General Alvear is the head city of the General Alvear Department, Mendoza in Mendoza Province, Argentina.

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General Roca, Río Negro

General Roca is a city in the northeast of the Argentine province of Río Negro, northern Patagonia.

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Geologist

A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes that shape it.

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George Chaworth Musters

George Chaworth Musters (1841–1879) was a British Royal Navy commander and traveller, known as the "King of Patagonia".

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Geosaurus

Geosaurus is an extinct genus of marine crocodyliform within the family Metriorhynchidae, that lived during the Late Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous.

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Glacier

A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation (melting and sublimation) over many years, often centuries.

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Gonçalo Coelho

Gonçalo Coelho (fl. 1501–04) was a Portuguese explorer who belonged to a prominent family in northern Portugal.

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Governorates of the Spanish Empire

After the territorial division of South America between Spain and Portugal in the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) the colonial administration of the continent was divided into Governorates.

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Granite

Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture.

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Grassland

Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae); however, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) families can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs.

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Gravel

Gravel is a loose aggregation of rock fragments.

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Greek language

Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

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Green-backed firecrown

The green-backed firecrown (Sephanoides sephaniodes) is a hummingbird that is found in Argentina and Chile.

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Grey Glacier

Grey Glacier is a glacier in the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, just west of the Cordillera del Paine.

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Ground sloth

Ground sloths are a diverse group of extinct sloths, in the mammalian superorder Xenarthra.

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Guaitecas Archipelago

Guaitecas Archipelago is an archipelago in the Aisén region.

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Gualichu

Gualichu, or gualicho, in the Mapuche mythology and mainly in the Tehuelche culture, was an evil spirit or demon, comparable but not similar to the Devil.

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Guanaco

The guanaco (Lama guanicoe) is a camelid native to South America.

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Hatcheria macraei

Hatcheria macraei is a species of pencil catfish and the only species in its genus.

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Haush

The Haush or Manek'enk were an indigenous people, considered the oldest inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego, who spoke the Haush language.

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Herbstosaurus

Herbstosaurus is the name given to a genus of pterosaur that lived during the Jurassic period, in what is now Argentina.

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Heritage railway

A heritage railway is a railway operated as living history to re-create or preserve railway scenes of the past.

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HidroAysén

HidroAysén (Pronounced) was a controversial megaproject that aims to build five hydroelectric power plants in Chile's Aysén Region, two on the Baker River and three on the Pascua River (with government subvention included to help relief costs).

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HMS Aid (1809)

HMS Aid was a Royal Navy transport ship launched in 1809 at Kings Lynn.

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HMS Beagle

HMS Beagle was a 10-gun brig-sloop of the Royal Navy, one of more than 100 ships of this class.

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HMS Dolphin (1751)

HMS Dolphin was a 24-gun sixth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy.

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Horse

The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''.

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Huincul Fault

The Huincul Fault or Huincul Fault Zone (Falla de Huincul, Zona de falla Huincul) is an east-west oriented continental-scale fault that extends from the Neuquén Basin eastwards into the Argentine Shelf.

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Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk

Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk, also known as the Patagonian hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus humboldtii) is a type of hog-nosed skunk indigenous to the open grassy areas in the Patagonian regions of Argentina and Chile.

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Hummingbird

Hummingbirds are birds from the Americas that constitute the family Trochilidae.

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Hurtado de Mendoza

Hurtado de Mendoza may refer to.

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Hydraulic fracturing

Hydraulic fracturing (also fracking, fraccing, frac'ing, hydrofracturing or hydrofracking) is a well stimulation technique in which rock is fractured by a pressurized liquid.

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Hydrography

Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defence, scientific research, and environmental protection.

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In Patagonia

In Patagonia is an English travel book by Bruce Chatwin, published in 1977.

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Inútil Bay

Satellite image of Inútil Bay and the Strait of Magellan. Selected settlements are marked with yellow dots. Inútil Bay (Spanish: Bahía Inútil) or Useless Bay is a bay in the western and Chilean part of Tierra del Fuego Island.

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Indigenous peoples

Indigenous peoples, also known as first peoples, aboriginal peoples or native peoples, are ethnic groups who are the pre-colonial original inhabitants of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.

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Inland sea (geology)

An inland sea (also known as an epeiric sea or an epicontinental sea) is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during periods of high sea level that result in marine transgressions.

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Introduced species

An introduced species (alien species, exotic species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species) is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental.

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Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego

Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego (English: Big Island of Land of Fire) also formerly Isla de Xativa is an island near the southern tip of South America from which it is separated by the Strait of Magellan.

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James Cook

Captain James Cook (7 November 1728Old style date: 27 October14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy.

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João de Lisboa

João de Lisboa (c.1470 – 1525) was a Portuguese explorer.

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John Byron

Vice-Admiral The Hon.

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John Davis (English explorer)

John Davis or Davys (c. 155029 December 1605) (b. 1543?) was one of the chief English navigators of Elizabeth I. He led several voyages to discover the Northwest Passage and served as pilot and captain on both Dutch and English voyages to the East Indies.

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John Hawkesworth (book editor)

John Hawkesworth (c. 1715 – 16 November 1773), English writer and book editor, was born in London.

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John Narborough

Rear-Admiral Sir John Narborough (c. 1640–1688) or Narbrough was an English naval commander of the 17th century.

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Journal of Paleontology

The Journal of Paleontology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of paleontology.

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences

The Journal of South American Earth Sciences is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier.

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Juan Ladrillero

Juan Fernández Ladrillero (b. c. 1490 in Moguer – 1559) was a 16th-century Spanish navigator and explorer who from 1557 to 1559 explored the coast of Chile from Valdivia (39° 48’ S) to the Barbara Channel (54° S, between Clarence Island and Santa Ines Island).

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Juan Manuel de Rosas

Juan Manuel de Rosas (30 March 1793 – 14 March 1877), nicknamed "Restorer of the Laws", was a politician and army officer who ruled Buenos Aires Province and briefly the Argentine Confederation.

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Julio Argentino Roca

Alejo Julio Argentino Roca Paz (July 17, 1843 – October 19, 1914) was an army general who served as 8th President of Argentina from 12 October 1880 to 12 October 1886 and 13th from 12 October 1898 to 12 October 1904.

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Julius Popper

Julius Popper (December 15, 1857 – June 5, 1893), also known in Spanish as Julio Popper, was a Romanian-born Argentine engineer, adventurer and explorer.

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Jurassic

The Jurassic (from Jura Mountains) was a geologic period and system that spanned 56 million years from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period Mya.

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Killer whale

| status.

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King crab

King crabs are a taxon of crab-like decapod crustaceans chiefly found in cold seas.

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Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia

The Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia (Reino de la Araucanía y de la Patagonia; Royaume d'Araucanie et de Patagonie, sometimes referred to as New France) was a proposed state and kingdom conceived in the 19th century by a French lawyer and adventurer named Orélie-Antoine de Tounens.

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Knight-errant

A knight-errant (or knight errant) is a figure of medieval chivalric romance literature.

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La Trochita

La Trochita (official name: Viejo Expreso Patagónico), in English known as the Old Patagonian Express, is a narrow gauge railway in Patagonia, Argentina using steam locomotives.

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Lago Puelo National Park

The Lago Puelo National Park (Parque Nacional Lago Puelo) is a national park of Argentina, located in the northwest of the province of Chubut, in the Patagonia.

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Lake

A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake.

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Lake Musters and Lake Colhue Huapi

Lake Musters and lake Colhué Huapi (260 m) form the terminal stage of the Senguerr river endorheic basin, located in the patagonic central region of Argentina in the south of Chubut province.

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Lanín

Lanín is an ice-clad, cone-shaped stratovolcano on the border of Argentina and Chile.

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Lanín National Park

Lanín National Park (Parque Nacional Lanín) is a national park of Argentina, located in the Neuquén Province, with forests of diverse tree varieties, mainly Fagaceae and conifers such as the lenga and the Araucaria, many species of which are not found elsewhere in Argentina.

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Laurence Bergreen

Laurence Bergreen (born February 4, 1950) is an American historian and biographer.

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Lava

Lava is molten rock generated by geothermal energy and expelled through fractures in planetary crust or in an eruption, usually at temperatures from.

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Lácar Lake

The Lácar Lake (Lago Lácar) is a lake of glacial origin in Neuquén Province, Argentina.

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Limay River

The Limay River is an important river in the northwestern Argentine Patagonia (the region of Comahue).

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List of deserts by area

This is the list of the largest deserts in the world by area.

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Lithodes santolla

Lithodes santolla, also known as the southern king crab in English or centolla in Peru, Chile and Argentina, is a species of king crab, found off the Pacific coasts of South America, especially from Valdivia at 39° 50' S to Cape Horn at 60° S. It lives in the benthic zone at depths up to, but south of 40° it has been found at.

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Llanquihue Province

Llanquihue Province (Provincia de Llanquihue) is one of four provinces of the Chilean region of Los Lagos (X).

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Lonko

A lonco, or lonko (from Mapudungun longko, literally "head"), is a tribal chief of the Mapuches.

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Los Alerces National Park

Los Alerces National Park (Parque Nacional Los Alerces) is located in the Andes in Chubut Province in the Patagonian region of Argentina.

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Los Glaciares National Park

Los Glaciares National Park (Parque Nacional Los Glaciares) is a federal protected area in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina.

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Los Lagos Department

Los Lagos is a department located in the south of Neuquén Province, Argentina.

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Los Lagos Region

Los Lagos Region (Región de Los Lagos, Region of the Lakes) is one of Chile's 15 regions, which are first order administrative divisions, and comprises four provinces: Chiloé, Llanquihue, Osorno and Palena.

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Los Molles Formation

The Los Molles Formation is a geologic formation of Early Jurassic age, located at northern and central part of Neuquén Basin at Mendoza Shelf in Argentina.

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Louis Antoine de Bougainville

Louis-Antoine, Comte de Bougainville (12 November 1729 – 31 August 1811) was a French admiral and explorer.

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Luciano Benetton

Luciano Benetton (born 13 May 1935) is an Italian billionaire businessman, one of the co-founders of Benetton Group, the Italian fashion brand.

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Magallanes Region

The Region of Magallanes, officially the XII Region of Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), is one of Chile's 15 first order administrative divisions.

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Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation

The Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation was the first voyage around the world in human history.

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Magellanic penguin

The Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) is a South American penguin, breeding in coastal Argentina, Chile and the Falkland Islands, with some migrating to Brazil where they are occasionally seen as far north as Rio de Janeiro.

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Magellanic tuco-tuco

The Magellanic tuco-tuco (Ctenomys magellanicus) is a species of rodent in the family Ctenomyidae.

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Malón

Malón is the name given to the raids of Mapuche bands into Spanish, Chilean and Argentine territory from the 17th to the 19th centuries, as well as to attacks to rival Mapuche factions.

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Mantle convection

Mantle convection is the slow creeping motion of Earth's solid silicate mantle caused by convection currents carrying heat from the interior of the Earth to the surface.

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Manual labour

Manual labour (in British English, manual labor in American English) or manual work is physical work done by people, most especially in contrast to that done by machines, and to that done by working animals.

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Manuel Bulnes

Manuel Bulnes Prieto (December 25, 1799 – October 18, 1866) was a Chilean military and political figure.

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Mapuche

The Mapuche are a group of indigenous inhabitants of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of present-day Patagonia.

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Maquinchao

Maquinchao is a village and municipality in Río Negro Province in Argentina.

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Marine mammal

Marine mammals are aquatic mammals that rely on the ocean and other marine ecosystems for their existence.

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Marine transgression

A marine transgression is a geologic event during which sea level rises relative to the land and the shoreline moves toward higher ground, resulting in flooding.

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Megafauna

In terrestrial zoology, megafauna (from Greek μέγας megas "large" and New Latin fauna "animal life") are large or giant animals.

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Memoirs of Museum Victoria

Memoirs of Museum Victoria is a peer-reviewed annual scientific journal covering natural sciences pertinent to Victoria and/or the museum's collections.

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Merino

The Merino is one of the most historically relevant and economically influential breeds of sheep, very prized for its wool.

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Mesozoic

The Mesozoic Era is an interval of geological time from about.

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Miguel Doura

Miguel Doura was born in 1962 in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, where he studied fine arts at the school Prilidiano Pueyrredón, standing out his talks and meetings with his teacher the sculptor Rubén Locazo (Grand National Sculpture Prize).

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Miocene

The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).

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Mollesaurus

Mollesaurus is an extinct genus of large ophthalmosaurine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur known from northwestern Patagonia of Argentina.

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Monte Verde

Monte Verde is an archaeological site in southern Chile, located near Puerto Montt, Southern Chile, which has been dated to as early as 18,500 BP (16,500 B.C.). Until recently, the widely published date has been 14,800 years BP.

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Mount Hudson

Mount Hudson (locally known as Volcán Hudson) is a stratovolcano in southern Chile, and the site of one of the largest eruptions in the twentieth century.

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Mountain pass

A mountain pass is a navigable route through a mountain range or over a ridge.

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Myr

The abbreviation myr, "million years", is a unit of a quantity of (i.e.) years, or 31.6 teraseconds.

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Nahuel Huapi Lake

Nahuel Huapi Lake (Lago Nahuel Huapí) is a lake in the lake region of northern Patagonia between the provinces of Río Negro and Neuquén, in Argentina.

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Nahuel Huapi National Park

Nahuel Huapi National Park is the oldest national park in Argentina, established in 1934.

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Naked characin

The naked characin (Gymnocharacinus bergii) is a small species of fish in the Characidae family.

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National Statistics Institute (Chile)

The National Statistics Institute of Chile (Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Chile, INE) is a state-run organization of the Government of Chile, created in the second half of the 19th century and tasked with performing a general census of population and housing, then collecting, producing and publishing official demographic statistics of people in Chile, in addition to other specific tasks entrusted to it by law.

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Nazca Plate

The Nazca Plate, named after the Nazca region of southern Peru, is an oceanic tectonic plate in the eastern Pacific Ocean basin off the west coast of South America.

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Neotropical silverside

The Neotropical silversides are a family, Atherinopsidae, of fishes in the order Atheriniformes.

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Neuquén

Neuquén is the capital city of the Argentine province of Neuquén and of the Confluencia Department, located in the east of the province.

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Neuquén – Plottier – Cipolletti

Neuquén – Plottier – Cipolletti is an Agglomeration in Argentina that joins the cities of Neuquén, Cipolletti and Plottier, on the provinces of Neuquén and Río Negro.

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Neuquén Province

Neuquén is a province of Argentina, located in the west of the country, at the northern end of Patagonia.

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New World

The New World is one of the names used for the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas (including nearby islands such as those of the Caribbean and Bermuda).

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Nombre de Dios (mission)

Nombre de Dios is a Spanish Catholic mission in St. Augustine, Florida, United States, on the west side of Matanzas Bay.

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Nothofagus

Nothofagus, also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of 43 species of trees and shrubs native to the Southern Hemisphere in southern South America (Chile, Argentina) and Australasia (east and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea and New Caledonia).

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Nueve de Julio, Buenos Aires

Nueve de Julio is a city in Buenos Aires Province.

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Odontesthes

Odontesthes is a genus of Neotropical silversides.

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Oligocene

The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present (to). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain.

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Oligosarcus

Oligosarcus is a genus of characins from freshwater habitats in northern Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, eastern Bolivia, and southern and central Brazil, They reach up to in length and are predators that mainly feed on smaller fish.

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Orélie-Antoine de Tounens

Orélie-Antoine de Tounens (May 12, 1825 – September 17, 1878) was a French lawyer, and adventurer, who assumed the title of King of Araucanía and Patagonia.

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Osmeriformes

The Osmeriformes comprise an order of ray-finned fish that includes the true or freshwater smelts and allies, such as the galaxiids and noodlefishes; they are also collectively called osmeriforms.

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Ozone layer

The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.

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Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.

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Palena Province

Palena Province (Provincia de Palena) is the southern most administrative area in Chile's Los Lagos Region Los Lagos (X).

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Pampas

The Pampas (from the pampa, meaning "plain") are fertile South American lowlands that cover more than and include the Argentine provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Entre Ríos and Córdoba; all of Uruguay; and the southernmost Brazilian State, Rio Grande do Sul.

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Pampean orogeny

The Pampean orogeny (orogenia pampeana) was an orogeny active in the Cambrian in the western margin of the ancient landmass of Gondwana.

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Paphlagonia

Paphlagonia (Παφλαγονία, Paphlagonía, modern pronunciation Paflagonía; Paflagonya) was an ancient area on the Black Sea coast of north central Anatolia, situated between Bithynia to the west and Pontus to the east, and separated from Phrygia (later, Galatia) by a prolongation to the east of the Bithynian Olympus.

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Pascua River

The Pascua River is a river located in the Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region of Chile.

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Patagon

The Patagones or Patagonian giants are a mythological race of people, who first began to appear in early European accounts of the then little-known region and coastline of Patagonia.

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Patagonian Desert

The Patagonian Desert, also known as the Patagonia Desert, Patagonian Steppe, or Magellanic Steppe, is the largest desert in Argentina and is the 8th largest desert in the world by area, occupying 673,000 square kilometers (260,000 mi2).

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Patagonian Expedition Race

The Patagonian Expedition Race is an annual endurance adventure race that takes place in the remote wilderness of Chilean Patagonia, run to help protect and raise awareness about the fragile environment in this region.

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Patagonian Ice Sheet

Map showing the extent of the Patagonian Ice Sheet in the Strait of Magellan area during the last glacial period. Selected modern settlements are shown with yellow dots. The sea-level was much lower than shown in this picture. The Patagonian Ice Sheet was a large elongated and narrow ice sheet centered in the southern Andes that existed during the Llanquihue glaciation.

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Patagonian mara

The Patagonian mara (Dolichotis patagonum) is a relatively large rodent in the mara genus (Dolichotis).

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Paul Theroux

Paul Edward Theroux (born April 10, 1941) is an American travel writer and novelist, whose best-known work is The Great Railway Bazaar (1975).

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Pedro de Mendoza

Pedro de Mendoza y Luján (c. 1487 – June 23, 1537) was a Spanish conquistador, soldier and explorer, and the first adelantado of New Andalusia.

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Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa

Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa (1532–1592) was a Spanish explorer, author, historian, mathematician, astronomer, and scientist.

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Penguin Books

Penguin Books is a British publishing house.

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Percichthys

Percichthys is a genus of temperate perches native to freshwater habitats in Argentina and Chile.

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Perito Moreno Glacier

The Perito Moreno Glacier is a glacier located in the Los Glaciares National Park in southwest Santa Cruz Province, Argentina.

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Permian

The Permian is a geologic period and system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic period 251.902 Mya.

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Phillip Parker King

Admiral Phillip Parker King, FRS, RN (13 December 1791 – 26 February 1856) was an early explorer of the Australian and Patagonian coasts.

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Phytosanitary certification

Phytosanitary certification is used to attest that consignments meet phytosanitary (regarding plants) import requirements and is undertaken by an NPPO (National Plant Protection Organization).

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Piatnitzkysaurus

Piatnitzkysaurus (meaning "Piatnitzky's lizard") is a genus of megalosauroid theropod dinosaur that lived approximately 166 to 164 million years ago during the middle part of the Jurassic Period in what is now Argentina.

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Pichi Picún Leufú Dam

The Pichi Picún Leufú Dam (in Spanish Embalse Pichi Picún Leufú) is the third of five dams on the Limay River in northwestern Argentine Patagonia (the Comahue region), near the town of Piedra del Águila.

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Piedra del Águila Dam

The Piedra del Águila Dam (in Spanish, Embalse Piedra del Águila) is the second of five dams on the Limay River in northwestern Argentine Patagonia (the Comahue region) and above mean sea level, downstream from the confluence of the Limay and the Collón Curá River.

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Pinophyta

The Pinophyta, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae, or commonly as conifers, are a division of vascular land plants containing a single extant class, Pinopsida.

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Plateau

In geology and physical geography a plateau (or; plural plateaus or plateaux),is also called a high plain or a tableland, it is an area of a highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain that is raised significantly above the surrounding area, often with one or more sides with steep slopes.

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Pleistocene

The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.

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Porphyry (geology)

Porphyry is a textural term for an igneous rock consisting of large-grained crystals such as feldspar or quartz dispersed in a fine-grained silicate rich, generally aphanitic matrix or groundmass.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Provinces of Argentina

Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces (provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city (ciudad autónoma), Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation (Capital Federal) as decided by Congress. The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system.

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Provinces of Chile

A province is the second largest administrative division in Chile with 54 in total.

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Puerto del Hambre

Ciudad del Rey Don Felipe, also known as Puerto del Hambre (Port Famine), is a historic settlement site at Buena Bay (locally known as Mansa Bay) on the north shore of the Strait of Magellan approximately south of Punta Arenas in the Región de Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena, Patagonia, Chile.

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Puerto Deseado

Puerto Deseado, originally called Port Desire, is a city of about 15,000 inhabitants and a fishing port in Patagonia in Santa Cruz Province of Argentina, on the estuary of the Deseado River.

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Puerto Madryn

Puerto Madryn (Welsh: Porth Madryn) is a city in the province of Chubut in Argentine Patagonia.

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Puerto Montt

Puerto Montt is a port city and commune in southern Chile, located at the northern end of the Reloncaví Sound in the Llanquihue Province, Los Lagos Region, 1,055 km to the south of the capital, Santiago.

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Puerto San Julián

Puerto San Julián is a natural harbour in Patagonia in the Santa Cruz Province of Argentina located at.

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Pumalín Park

Pumalín Park (Spanish: Parque Pumalín) is a nature reserve in the Palena Province of Chile, created by the United States environmental foundation The Conservation Land Trust, which was endowed and led by the American business magnate Douglas Tompkins.

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Punta Arenas

Punta Arenas (historically Sandy Point in English) is the capital city of Chile's southernmost region, Magallanes and Antartica Chilena.

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Pyrotherium

Pyrotherium ('fire beast') is an extinct genus of South American ungulate, of the order Pyrotheria, that lived in what is now Argentina and Bolivia, during the Late Oligocene.

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Queensland

Queensland (abbreviated as Qld) is the second-largest and third-most populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia.

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Rain shadow

A rain shadow is a dry area on the leeward side of a mountainous area (away from the wind).

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Río de la Plata

The Río de la Plata ("river of silver") — rendered River Plate in British English and the Commonwealth and La Plata River (occasionally Plata River) in other English-speaking countries — is the estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay and the Paraná rivers.

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Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz

Río Gallegos is the capital and largest settlement of the Patagonian province of Santa Cruz in Argentina.

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Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego

Río Grande is a city in Argentina, on the north coast of the eastern part of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego.

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Río Negro (Argentina)

Río Negro (Black River) is the most important river of the Argentine province of Río Negro.

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Río Negro Province

Río Negro (Black River) is a province of Argentina, located at the northern edge of Patagonia.

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Río Turbio

Río Turbio is a town and municipality in the Güer Aike Department of the Santa Cruz Province in southern Argentina.

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Regions of Chile

Chile is divided into 15 regions (in Spanish, regiones; singular región), which are the country's first-level administrative division.

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Reloncaví Estuary

Reloncaví Estuary (Spanish: Esturario de Reloncaví, archaic: Sin Fondo) is a fjord off Reloncaví Sound, located in the Los Lagos Region of Chile.

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Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina

The Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Asociación Geológica Argentina.

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Rhea (bird)

The rheas are large ratites (flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bone) in the order Rheiformes, native to South America, distantly related to the ostrich and emu.

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Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro (River of January), or simply Rio, is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas.

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River incision

River incision is the narrow erosion caused by a river or stream that is far from its base level.

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Robert FitzRoy

Vice-Admiral Robert FitzRoy RN (5 July 1805 – 30 April 1865) was an English officer of the Royal Navy and a scientist.

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Robert John Pankhurst

Robert John Pankhurst is a British geologist who has contributed to the study of the paleogeography and plate tectonics of South America.

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Rodent

Rodents (from Latin rodere, "to gnaw") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws.

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Romania

Romania (România) is a sovereign state located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.

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Samuel Wallis

Samuel Wallis (23 April 1728 – 21 January 1795 in London) was a British naval officer and explorer of the Pacific Ocean.

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San Jorge Gulf

The San Jorge Gulf (Golfo San Jorge) is a bay in southern Patagonia, Argentina.

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San Julian Bay

San Julian Bay is a curved bay, located next to the city of San Julián in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina.

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San Matías Gulf

The San Matias Gulf is an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Patagonia, Argentina.

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Santa Cruz Province, Argentina

Santa Cruz is a province of Argentina, located in the southern part of the country, in Patagonia.

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Santa Cruz River (Argentina)

Santa Cruz River (Río Santa Cruz) is a river in the Argentine province of Santa Cruz.

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Santiago

Santiago, also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas.

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Second voyage of HMS Beagle

The second voyage of HMS Beagle, from 27 December 1831 to 2 October 1836, was the second survey expedition of HMS ''Beagle'', under captain Robert FitzRoy who had taken over command of the ship on its first voyage after the previous captain committed suicide.

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Selk'nam people

The Selk'nam, also known as the Onawo or Ona people, are an indigenous people in the Patagonian region of southern Argentina and Chile, including the Tierra del Fuego islands.

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Senguerr River

The Senguerr River is a river of the Argentine province of Chubut.

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Skull

The skull is a bony structure that forms the head in vertebrates.

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Slab window

In geology, a slab window is a gap that forms in a subducted oceanic plate when a mid-ocean ridge meets with a subduction zone and plate divergence at the ridge and convergence at the subduction zone continue, causing the ridge to be subducted.

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South America

South America is a continent in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

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South American gray fox

The South American gray fox (Lycalopex griseus), also known as the Patagonian fox, the chilla or the gray zorro, is a species of Lycalopex, the "false" foxes.

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South Pole

The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface.

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Southern Cone

The Southern Cone (Cono Sur, Cone Sul) is a geographic and cultural region composed of the southernmost areas of South America, south of and around the Tropic of Capricorn.

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Southern crested caracara

The southern crested caracara (Caracara plancus), also known as the southern caracara or carancho, is a bird of prey in the family Falconidae.

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Southern Fuegian Railway

The Southern Fuegian Railway (Ferrocarril Austral Fueguino (FCAF)) or the Train of the End of the World (El Tren del Fin del Mundo) is a gauge steam railway in Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina.

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Southern Hemisphere

The Southern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is south of the Equator.

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Southern Patagonian Ice Field

The Southern Patagonian Ice Field (Hielo Continental or Campo de Hielo Sur), located at the Southern Patagonic Andes between Chile and Argentina, is the world's second largest contiguous extrapolar ice field.

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Southern right whale

The southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) is a baleen whale, one of three species classified as right whales belonging to the genus Eubalaena.

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Steamer duck

The steamer ducks are a genus (Tachyeres) of ducks in the family Anatidae.

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Steppe

In physical geography, a steppe (p) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.

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Strait of Magellan

The Strait of Magellan, also called the Straits of Magellan, is a navigable sea route in southern Chile separating mainland South America to the north and Tierra del Fuego to the south.

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Structural geology

Structural geology is the study of the three-dimensional distribution of rock units with respect to their deformational histories.

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Subduction

Subduction is a geological process that takes place at convergent boundaries of tectonic plates where one plate moves under another and is forced or sinks due to gravity into the mantle.

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Sylvester Stallone

Michael Sylvester Gardenzio Stallone (born July 6, 1946) is an American actor, producer and filmmaker.

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Taitao Peninsula

The Taitao Peninsula (Spanish: Península de Taitao) is a westward projection of the mainland of Chile, with which it is connected by the narrow Isthmus of Ofqui, over which the natives and early missionaries were accustomed to carry their boats between the Moraleda Channel and Gulf of Penas.

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Teahouse

A teahouse is an establishment which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments.

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Tectonics

Tectonics is the process that controls the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time.

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Ted Turner

Robert Edward "Ted" Turner III (born November 19, 1938) is an American media mogul and philanthropist.

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Tehuelche people

The Aónikenk people, better known by the exonym Tehuelche, are a group of indigenous peoples of Patagonia and the southern pampas regions of Argentina and Chile.

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Temperate perch

The members of the family Percichthyidae are known as the temperate perches.

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Terrane

A terrane in geology, in full a tectonostratigraphic terrane, is a fragment of crustal material formed on, or broken off from, one tectonic plate and accreted or "sutured" to crust lying on another plate.

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The Old Patagonian Express

The Old Patagonian Express (1979) is a written account of a journey taken by novelist Paul Theroux.

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Thomas Cavendish

Sir Thomas Cavendish (19 September 1560Judkins, 2003 – May 1592) was an English explorer and a privateer known as "The Navigator" because he was the first who deliberately tried to emulate Sir Francis Drake and raid the Spanish towns and ships in the Pacific and return by circumnavigating the globe.

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Thomas Falkner

Thomas Falkner (6 October 1707 – 30 January 1784) was an English Jesuit missionary, active in the Patagonia region.

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Tierra del Fuego

Tierra del Fuego (Spanish for "Land of Fire") is an archipelago off the southernmost tip of the South American mainland, across the Strait of Magellan.

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Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina

Tierra del Fuego (Spanish for "Land of Fire";; officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is an Argentine province.

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Timeline of human prehistory

This timeline of human prehistory comprises the time from the first appearance of Homo sapiens in Africa 300,000 years ago to the invention of writing and the beginning of historiography, after 5,000 years ago.

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Tithonian

In the geological timescale the Tithonian is the latest age of the Late Jurassic epoch or the uppermost stage of the Upper Jurassic series.

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Torres del Paine National Park

Torres del Paine National Park (Parque Nacional Torres del Paine) is a national park encompassing mountains, glaciers, lakes, and rivers in southern Chilean Patagonia.

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Trelew

Trelew (from tref "town" and the name of the founder) is a city in the Chubut Province of Argentina.

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Tres Arroyos

Tres Arroyos is a city in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

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Trevelin

Trevelin (Welsh: Trefelin) is a town in the Patagonian Argentine province of Chubut.

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Trichomycterus

Trichomycterus is a genus of fish in the family Trichomycteridae, the largest genus of its family with over 170 species currently described.

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Trout

Trout is the common name for a number of species of freshwater fish belonging to the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, all of the subfamily Salmoninae of the family Salmonidae.

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Types of volcanic eruptions

Several types of volcanic eruptions—during which lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and volcanic blocks), and assorted gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure—have been distinguished by volcanologists.

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Unconventional oil

Unconventional oil is petroleum produced or extracted using techniques other than the conventional (oil well) method.

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Unitary state

A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate.

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Upland goose

The upland goose or Magellan Goose (Chloephaga picta) is a sheldgoose of the shelduck-sheldgoose subfamily of the Anatidae, the biological family that includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl such as the geese and swans.

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Ushuaia

Ushuaia is the capital of Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur Province, Argentina.

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Vaca Muerta

Vaca Muerta (in Spanish Dead Cow) is a geologic formation of Jurassic and Cretaceous age, located at Neuquén Basin in Argentina.

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Valcheta

Valcheta is a village and municipality in Río Negro Province in Argentina, seat of government of Valcheta Department.

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Valdes Peninsula

The Valdes Peninsula (Spanish: Península Valdés) is a peninsula into the Atlantic Ocean in the Biedma Department of north-east Chubut Province, Argentina.

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Víctor Alberto Ramos

Víctor Alberto Ramos (born 1945) is an Argentine geologist who has contributed to the paleogeography and plate tectonics of South America.

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Veinticinco de Mayo, Buenos Aires

Veintecinco de Mayo (or 25 de Mayo) (in English: 25 May) is a town situated in the centre of Buenos Aires Province in Argentina and has a population of 22,581 (2001).

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Vertebrate

Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).

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Viedma, Río Negro

Viedma is the capital and fourth largest city of the Río Negro Province, in South-Central Argentina.

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Viscacha

Viscachas or vizcachas are rodents of two genera (Lagidium and Lagostomus) in the family Chinchillidae.

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Wenupteryx

Wenupteryx is an extinct genus of pterodactyloid pterosaur known from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian stage) Vaca Muerta Formation of Neuquén Province, southern Argentina.

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Wet Andes

The Wet Andes (Andes húmedos) is a climatic and glaciological subregion of the Andes.

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William Henry Hudson

William Henry Hudson (4 August 1841 – 18 August 1922) was an author, naturalist, and ornithologist.

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Wool

Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals, including cashmere and mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, angora from rabbits, and other types of wool from camelids.

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World Heritage site

A World Heritage site is a landmark or area which is selected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance, and is legally protected by international treaties.

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Y Wladfa

Y Wladfa ('The Colony'); also occasionally Y Wladychfa Gymreig ('The Welsh Settlement') is a Welsh settlement in Argentina, which began in 1865 and occurred mainly along the coast of Chubut Province in the far southern region of Patagonia.

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Yaghan people

The Yaghan, also called Yagán, Yahgan, Yámana, Yamana, or Tequenica, are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southern Cone, who are regarded as the southernmost peoples in the world.

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YPF

YPF (Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales; English: "Fiscal Oilfields") is a vertically integrated Argentine energy company, engaged in oil and gas exploration and production, and the transportation, refining, and marketing of gas and petroleum products.

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Zanja de Alsina

Zanja de Alsina (Alsina's trench) were a system of trenches and wooden watchtowers (mangrullos) built in the centre and south of the Buenos Aires Province to defend the territories of the federal government against indigenous Mapuche malones.

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10th millennium BC

The 10th millennium BC spanned the years 10000 through 9001 BC.

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Redirects here:

Argentine Patagonia, Argentinian Patagonia, Chilean Patagonia, Governorate of New Léon, Patagonia (Argentina and Chile), Patagonian.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patagonia

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