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Pulsar

Index Pulsar

A pulsar (from pulse and -ar as in quasar) is a highly magnetized rotating neutron star or white dwarf that emits a beam of electromagnetic radiation. [1]

134 relations: Accretion (astrophysics), Albert Einstein, Aleksander Wolszczan, Angular momentum, Anomalous X-ray pulsar, AR Scorpii, Area density, Asteroid, Astronomer, Atomic clock, Atomic nucleus, Binary pulsar, Binary star, Black hole, Centaurus X-3, Centrifugal mechanism of acceleration, Crab Nebula, Crab Pulsar, Declination, Density, Dispersion (optics), Distributed computing, Donald C. Backer, Doppler effect, Einstein@Home, Electromagnetic interference, Electromagnetic radiation, Electron, Ephemeris time, European Pulsar Timing Array, European Space Agency, Exoplanet, Extraterrestrial life, Franco Pacini, Fritz Zwicky, Galaxy, Gamma ray, Geminga, General relativity, Glitch (astronomy), Gravitational wave, H II region, Hulse–Taylor binary, International Pulsar Timing Array, Interstellar medium, Ivor Robinson (physicist), Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., Light, Little green men, ..., Los Alamos National Laboratory, Magnetar, Magnetic field, Martin Ryle, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Milky Way, Millisecond, Millisecond pulsar, Moment of inertia, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Nanosecond, Neutron star, Nobel Prize in Physics, North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves, Optical pulsar, Organism, Parkes Observatory, Pioneer plaque, Plasma (physics), Proper motion, PSR B1257+12, PSR B1919+21, PSR B1937+21, PSR J0108-1431, PSR J0337+1715, PSR J0437-4715, PSR J0537-6910, PSR J0659+1414, PSR J0737-3039, PSR J0738-4042, PSR J1311–3430, PSR J1748-2446ad, PSR J1841-0500, PSR J1903+0327, PSR J2007+2722, PSR J2144-3933, Pulsar clock, Pulsar planet, Pulsar timing array, Pulsar wind nebula, Quasar, Radiation, Radio astronomy, Radio star, Radio wave, Revolutions per minute, Right ascension, Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, Rotating radio transient, Rotational energy, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Russell Alan Hulse, Sagittarius A*, SAX J1808.4-3658, Scattering, Sidereal time, Soft gamma repeater, Solar System, Spacetime, Special relativity, Specific orbital energy, Star, Sun, Superconductivity, Supermassive black hole, Supernova, Supernova remnant, Synchrotron radiation, Tempo (astronomy), Terrestrial Time, Tests of general relativity, Thomas Gold, Time standard, Turbulence, Twinkling, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Vela Pulsar, Voyager Golden Record, Walter Baade, Wavelength, White dwarf, X-ray, X-ray binary, X-ray pulsar. Expand index (84 more) »

Accretion (astrophysics)

In astrophysics, accretion is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, in an accretion disk.

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Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).

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Aleksander Wolszczan

Aleksander Wolszczan (born 29 April 1946 in Szczecinek, Poland) is a Polish astronomer.

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Angular momentum

In physics, angular momentum (rarely, moment of momentum or rotational momentum) is the rotational equivalent of linear momentum.

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Anomalous X-ray pulsar

Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs) are now widely believed to be magnetars—young, isolated, highly magnetized neutron stars.

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AR Scorpii

AR Scorpii (AR Sco) is a binary pulsar that consists of white dwarf and a red dwarf.

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Area density

The areal density (also known as area density, surface density, superficial density, or density thickness) of a two-dimensional object is calculated as the mass per unit area.

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Asteroid

Asteroids are minor planets, especially those of the inner Solar System.

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Astronomer

An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.

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Atomic clock

An atomic clock is a clock device that uses an electron transition frequency in the microwave, optical, or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum of atoms as a frequency standard for its timekeeping element.

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Atomic nucleus

The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.

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Binary pulsar

A binary pulsar is a pulsar with a binary companion, often a white dwarf or neutron star.

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Binary star

A binary star is a star system consisting of two stars orbiting around their common barycenter.

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Black hole

A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing—not even particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from inside it.

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Centaurus X-3

Centaurus X-3 (4U 1118-60) is an X-ray pulsar with a period of 4.84 seconds.

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Centrifugal mechanism of acceleration

Centrifugal acceleration of astroparticles to relativistic energies might take place in rotating astrophysical objects (see also Fermi acceleration).

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Crab Nebula

The Crab Nebula (catalogue designations M1, NGC 1952, Taurus A) is a supernova remnant in the constellation of Taurus.

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Crab Pulsar

The Crab Pulsar (PSR B0531+21) is a relatively young neutron star.

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Declination

In astronomy, declination (abbreviated dec; symbol δ) is one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system, the other being hour angle.

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Density

The density, or more precisely, the volumetric mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume.

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Dispersion (optics)

In optics, dispersion is the phenomenon in which the phase velocity of a wave depends on its frequency.

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Distributed computing

Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems.

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Donald C. Backer

Donald C. Backer (November 9, 1943 – July 25, 2010) was an American astrophysicist who primarily worked in radio astronomy.

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Doppler effect

The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to observer who is moving relative to the wave source.

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Einstein@Home

Einstein@Home is a volunteer distributed computing project that searches for signals from rotating neutron stars in data from the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors, from large radio telescopes, and from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.

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Electromagnetic interference

Electromagnetic interference (EMI), also called radio-frequency interference (RFI) when in the radio frequency spectrum, is a disturbance generated by an external source that affects an electrical circuit by electromagnetic induction, electrostatic coupling, or conduction.

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Electromagnetic radiation

In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space-time, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.

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Electron

The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.

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Ephemeris time

The term ephemeris time (often abbreviated ET) can in principle refer to time in connection with any astronomical ephemeris.

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European Pulsar Timing Array

The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) is a European collaboration to combine five 100-m class radio-telescopes to observe an array of pulsars with the specific goal of detecting gravitational waves.

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European Space Agency

The European Space Agency (ESA; Agence spatiale européenne, ASE; Europäische Weltraumorganisation) is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states dedicated to the exploration of space.

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Exoplanet

An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside our solar system.

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Extraterrestrial life

Extraterrestrial life,Where "extraterrestrial" is derived from the Latin extra ("beyond", "not of") and terrestris ("of Earth", "belonging to Earth").

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Franco Pacini

Franco Pacini (May 10, 1939 – January 25, 2012) was an Italian astrophysicist and professor at the University of Florence.

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Fritz Zwicky

Fritz Zwicky (February 14, 1898 – February 8, 1974) was a Swiss astronomer.

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Galaxy

A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter.

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Gamma ray

A gamma ray or gamma radiation (symbol γ or \gamma), is penetrating electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

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Geminga

Geminga is a neutron star approximately 250 parsecs (around 800 light years) from the Sun in the constellation Gemini.

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General relativity

General relativity (GR, also known as the general theory of relativity or GTR) is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and the current description of gravitation in modern physics.

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Glitch (astronomy)

A glitch is a sudden increase (up to 1 part in 106) in the rotational frequency of a rotation-powered pulsar, which usually decreases steadily due to braking provided by the emission of radiation and high-energy particles.

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Gravitational wave

Gravitational waves are the disturbance in the fabric ("curvature") of spacetime generated by accelerated masses and propagate as waves outward from their source at the speed of light.

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H II region

An H II region or HII region is a region of interstellar atomic hydrogen that is ionized.

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Hulse–Taylor binary

PSR B1913+16 (also known as PSR J1915+1606, PSR 1913+16, and the Hulse–Taylor binary after its discoverers) is a pulsar (a radiating neutron star) which together with another neutron star is in orbit around a common center of mass, thus forming a binary star system.

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International Pulsar Timing Array

The International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) is a multi-institutional, multi-telescope collaboration, comprising the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA), the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav), and the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA).

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Interstellar medium

In astronomy, the interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy.

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Ivor Robinson (physicist)

Ivor Robinson (1923 – May 27, 2016) was an American mathematical physicist, born and educated in England.

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Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell (born 15 July 1943) is an astrophysicist from Northern Ireland who was credited with "one of the most significant scientific achievements of the 20th Century".

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Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr.

Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (born March 29, 1941) is an American astrophysicist and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his discovery with Russell Alan Hulse of a "new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation.".

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Light

Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

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Little green men

Little green men is the stereotypical portrayal of extraterrestrials as little humanoid-like creatures with green skin and sometimes with antennae on their heads.

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Los Alamos National Laboratory

Los Alamos National Laboratory (Los Alamos or LANL for short) is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory initially organized during World War II for the design of nuclear weapons as part of the Manhattan Project.

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Magnetar

A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful inferred magnetic field (\sim 10^ - 10^ G).

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Magnetic field

A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence of electrical currents and magnetized materials.

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Martin Ryle

Sir Martin Ryle (27 September 1918 – 14 October 1984) was an English radio astronomer who developed revolutionary radio telescope systems (see e.g. aperture synthesis) and used them for accurate location and imaging of weak radio sources.

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Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

The Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics is a Max Planck Institute, located in Garching, near Munich, Germany.

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Milky Way

The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System.

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Millisecond

A millisecond (from milli- and second; symbol: ms) is a thousandth (0.001 or 10−3 or 1/1000) of a second.

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Millisecond pulsar

A millisecond pulsar (MSP) is a pulsar with a rotational period in the range of about 1–10 milliseconds.

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Moment of inertia

The moment of inertia, otherwise known as the angular mass or rotational inertia, of a rigid body is a tensor that determines the torque needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis; similar to how mass determines the force needed for a desired acceleration.

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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in astronomy and astrophysics.

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Nanosecond

A nanosecond (ns) is an SI unit of time equal to one thousand-millionth of a second (or one billionth of a second), that is, 1/1,000,000,000 of a second, or 10 seconds.

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Neutron star

A neutron star is the collapsed core of a large star which before collapse had a total of between 10 and 29 solar masses.

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Nobel Prize in Physics

The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics.

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North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves

The North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) is a consortium of astronomers who share a common goal of detecting gravitational waves via regular observations of an ensemble of millisecond pulsars using the Green Bank and Arecibo radio telescopes.

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Optical pulsar

An optical pulsar is a pulsar which can be detected in the visible spectrum.

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Organism

In biology, an organism (from Greek: ὀργανισμός, organismos) is any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life.

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Parkes Observatory

The Parkes Observatory (also known informally as "The Dish") is a radio telescope observatory, located 20 kilometres north of the town of Parkes, New South Wales, Australia.

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Pioneer plaque

The Pioneer plaques are a pair of gold-anodized aluminium plaques which were placed on board the 1972 Pioneer 10 and 1973 Pioneer 11 spacecraft, featuring a pictorial message, in case either Pioneer 10 or 11 is intercepted by extraterrestrial life.

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Plasma (physics)

Plasma (Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek English Lexicon, on Perseus) is one of the four fundamental states of matter, and was first described by chemist Irving Langmuir in the 1920s.

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Proper motion

Proper motion is the astronomical measure of the observed changes in the apparent places of stars or other celestial objects in the sky, as seen from the center of mass of the Solar System, compared to the abstract background of the more distant stars.

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PSR B1257+12

PSR B1257+12, previously designated PSR 1257+12, alternatively designated PSR J1300+1240, also named Lich, is a pulsar located 2,300 light years from the Sun in the constellation of Virgo.

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PSR B1919+21

PSR B1919+21 is a pulsar with a period of 1.3373 seconds and a pulse width of 0.04 seconds.

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PSR B1937+21

PSR B1937+21 is a pulsar located in the constellation Vulpecula a few degrees in the sky away from the first discovered pulsar, PSR B1919+21.

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PSR J0108-1431

PSR J0108-1431 is a solitary pulsar located at a distance of about 130 parsecs (424 light years) in the constellation Cetus.

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PSR J0337+1715

PSR J0337+1715 is a millisecond pulsar discovered in a Green Bank Telescope drift-scan survey from 2007.

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PSR J0437-4715

PSR J0437-4715 is a pulsar.

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PSR J0537-6910

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PSR J0659+1414

PSR J0659+1414 is a pulsar.

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PSR J0737-3039

PSR J0737−3039 is the only known double pulsar.

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PSR J0738-4042

PSR J0738-4042 is the first pulsar observed to have been affected by asteroids.

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PSR J1311–3430

PSR J1311–3430 is a pulsar with a spin period of 2.5 milliseconds.

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PSR J1748-2446ad

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PSR J1841-0500

PSR J1841-0500 is a pulsar located 22,800 light years from the Sun in the Scutum-Centaurus arm of the Milky Way.

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PSR J1903+0327

PSR J1903+0327 is a millisecond pulsar in a highly eccentric binary orbit.

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PSR J2007+2722

PSR J2007+2722 is a 40.8-hertz isolated pulsar in the Vulpecula constellation, 5.3 kpc (17,000 ly) distant in the plane of the Galaxy, and is most likely a disrupted recycled pulsar (DRP).

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PSR J2144-3933

PSR J2144-3933 is a pulsar about 180 parsecs (587.088 light-years) from Earth.

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Pulsar clock

A pulsar clock is a clock which depends on counting radio pulses emitted by pulsars.

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Pulsar planet

Pulsar planets are planets that are found orbiting pulsars, or rapidly rotating neutron stars.

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Pulsar timing array

A pulsar timing array (PTA) is a set of pulsars which is analyzed to search for correlated signatures in the pulse arrival times.

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Pulsar wind nebula

A pulsar wind nebula (PWN, plural PWNe), sometimes called a plerion (derived from the Greek "πλήρης", pleres, meaning "full"), is a type of nebula found inside the shells of supernova remnants (SNRe) that is powered by pulsar winds generated by its central pulsar.

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Quasar

A quasar (also known as a QSO or quasi-stellar object) is an extremely luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN).

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Radiation

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.

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Radio astronomy

Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.

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Radio star

Stellar radio sources, radio source stars or radio stars are stellar objects that produce copious emissions of various radio frequencies, whether constant or pulsed.

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Radio wave

Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light.

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Revolutions per minute

Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min) is the number of turns in one minute.

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Right ascension

Right ascension (abbreviated RA; symbol) is the angular distance measured only eastward along the celestial equator from the Sun at the March equinox to the (hour circle of the) point above the earth in question.

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Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer

The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) was a satellite that observed the time variation of astronomical X-ray sources, named after physicist Bruno Rossi.

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Rotating radio transient

Rotating radio transients (RRATs) are sources of short, moderately bright, radio pulses, which were first discovered in 2006.

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Rotational energy

Rotational energy or angular kinetic energy is kinetic energy due to the rotation of an object and is part of its total kinetic energy.

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Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences or Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden.

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Russell Alan Hulse

Russell Alan Hulse (born November 28, 1950) is an American physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with his thesis advisor Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation".

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Sagittarius A*

Sagittarius A* (pronounced "Sagittarius A-star", standard abbreviation Sgr A*) is a bright and very compact astronomical radio source at the center of the Milky Way, near the border of the constellations Sagittarius and Scorpius.

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SAX J1808.4-3658

A transient X-ray source first discovered in 1996 by the Italian-Dutch BeppoSAX satellite, SAX J1808.4-3658 revealed X-ray pulsations at the 401 Hz neutron star spin frequency when it was observed during a subsequent outburst in 1998 by NASA's RXTE satellite.

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Scattering

Scattering is a general physical process where some forms of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, are forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more paths due to localized non-uniformities in the medium through which they pass.

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Sidereal time

Sidereal time is a timekeeping system that astronomers use to locate celestial objects.

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Soft gamma repeater

A soft gamma repeater (SGR) is an astronomical object which emits large bursts of gamma-rays and X-rays at irregular intervals.

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Solar System

The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies.

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Spacetime

In physics, spacetime is any mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum.

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Special relativity

In physics, special relativity (SR, also known as the special theory of relativity or STR) is the generally accepted and experimentally well-confirmed physical theory regarding the relationship between space and time.

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Specific orbital energy

In the gravitational two-body problem, the specific orbital energy \epsilon\,\! (or vis-viva energy) of two orbiting bodies is the constant sum of their mutual potential energy (\epsilon_p\,\!) and their total kinetic energy (\epsilon_k\,\!), divided by the reduced mass.

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Star

A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.

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Sun

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.

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Superconductivity

Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic flux fields occurring in certain materials, called superconductors, when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature.

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Supermassive black hole

A supermassive black hole (SMBH or SBH) is the largest type of black hole, on the order of hundreds of thousands to billions of solar masses, and is found in the centre of almost all currently known massive galaxies.

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Supernova

A supernova (plural: supernovae or supernovas, abbreviations: SN and SNe) is a transient astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a star's life, either a massive star or a white dwarf, whose destruction is marked by one final, titanic explosion.

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Supernova remnant

A supernova remnant (SNR) is the structure resulting from the explosion of a star in a supernova.

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Synchrotron radiation

Synchrotron radiation (also known as magnetobremsstrahlung radiation) is the electromagnetic radiation emitted when charged particles are accelerated radially, i.e., when they are subject to an acceleration perpendicular to their velocity.

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Tempo (astronomy)

Tempo is a computer program to analyze radio observations of pulsars.

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Terrestrial Time

Terrestrial Time (TT) is a modern astronomical time standard defined by the International Astronomical Union, primarily for time-measurements of astronomical observations made from the surface of Earth.

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Tests of general relativity

Tests of general relativity serve to establish observational evidence for the theory of general relativity.

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Thomas Gold

Thomas Gold (May 22, 1920June 22, 2004) was an Austrian-born astrophysicist, a professor of astronomy at Cornell University, a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the Royal Society (London).

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Time standard

A time standard is a specification for measuring time: either the rate at which time passes; or points in time; or both.

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Turbulence

In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is any pattern of fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity.

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Twinkling

Twinkling, or scintillation, is a generic term for variations in apparent brightness or position of a distant luminous object viewed through a medium.

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Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray

In astroparticle physics, an ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) is a cosmic ray particle with a kinetic energy greater than eV, far beyond both the rest mass and energies typical of other cosmic ray particles.

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Vela Pulsar

The Vela Pulsar (PSR J0835-4510 or PSR B0833-45) is a radio, optical, X-ray- and gamma-emitting pulsar associated with the Vela Supernova Remnant in the constellation of Vela.

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Voyager Golden Record

The Voyager Golden Records are two phonograph records that were included aboard both Voyager spacecraft launched in 1977.

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Walter Baade

Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade (March 24, 1893 – June 25, 1960) was a German astronomer who worked in the United States from 1931 to 1959.

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Wavelength

In physics, the wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.

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White dwarf

A white dwarf, also called a degenerate dwarf, is a stellar core remnant composed mostly of electron-degenerate matter.

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X-ray

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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X-ray binary

X-ray binaries are a class of binary stars that are luminous in X-rays.

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X-ray pulsar

X-ray pulsars or accretion-powered pulsars are a class of astronomical objects that are X-ray sources displaying strict periodic variations in X-ray intensity.

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Redirects here:

Light cylinder, Lighthouse model, Pulsars, Pulsating Radio Sources, Pulsating Radio Star, Pulsating radio star, Radio Pulsar, Radio pulsar, Radio pulsars, Rotating neutron star, Rotation powered pulsar, Rotation powered pulsars, Rotation-powered pulsar, Rotation-powered pulsars, Timing noise.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsar

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