Table of Contents
157 relations: Absorbed dose, Acoustics, Acute radiation syndrome, Alpha decay, Alpha particle, Antimatter, Astronomer, Atmosphere of Earth, Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Atomic nucleus, Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency, Background radiation, Banana, Banana equivalent dose, Beta particle, Billiard ball, Black body, Black-body radiation, Burn, Cancer, Cell (biology), Chain reaction, Chemical bond, Cherenkov radiation, Chernobyl disaster, Coronal mass ejection, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic ray, Cumulative dose, Depleted uranium, Dispersive prism, DNA repair, Edward Andrade, Effective dose (radiation), Electromagnetic radiation, Electromagnetic spectrum, Electrometer, Electron, Electronvolt, Energy, Equivalent dose, Ernest Rutherford, FASTRAD, Food browning, Frequency, Gamma ray, Gamma-ray burst, Geiger counter, Gravitational wave, Hawking radiation, ... Expand index (107 more) »
Absorbed dose
Absorbed dose is a dose quantity which is the measure of the energy deposited in matter by ionizing radiation per unit mass.
See Radiation and Absorbed dose
Acoustics
Acoustics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound and infrasound.
Acute radiation syndrome
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, is a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing radiation in a short period of time.
See Radiation and Acute radiation syndrome
Alpha decay
Alpha decay or α-decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus) and thereby transforms or "decays" into a different atomic nucleus, with a mass number that is reduced by four and an atomic number that is reduced by two.
Alpha particle
Alpha particles, also called alpha rays or alpha radiation, consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.
See Radiation and Alpha particle
Antimatter
In modern physics, antimatter is defined as matter composed of the antiparticles (or "partners") of the corresponding particles in "ordinary" matter, and can be thought of as matter with reversed charge, parity, and time, known as CPT reversal.
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.
Atmosphere of Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is composed of a layer of gas mixture that surrounds the Earth's planetary surface (both lands and oceans), known collectively as air, with variable quantities of suspended aerosols and particulates (which create weather features such as clouds and hazes), all retained by Earth's gravity.
See Radiation and Atmosphere of Earth
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
On 6 and 9 August 1945, the United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
See Radiation and Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Atomic nucleus
The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.
See Radiation and Atomic nucleus
Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency
The Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) is a regulatory agency under the Commonwealth of Australia that aims to protect Australian citizens from both ionising and non-ionising radiation.
See Radiation and Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency
Background radiation
Background radiation is a measure of the level of ionizing radiation present in the environment at a particular location which is not due to deliberate introduction of radiation sources.
See Radiation and Background radiation
Banana
A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa.
Banana equivalent dose
Banana equivalent dose (BED) is an informal unit of measurement of ionizing radiation exposure, intended as a general educational example to compare a dose of radioactivity to the dose one is exposed to by eating one average-sized banana.
See Radiation and Banana equivalent dose
Beta particle
A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation (symbol β), is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus during the process of beta decay.
See Radiation and Beta particle
Billiard ball
A billiard ball is a small, hard ball used in cue sports, such as carom billiards, pool, and snooker.
See Radiation and Billiard ball
Black body
A black body or blackbody is an idealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence.
Black-body radiation
Black-body radiation is the thermal electromagnetic radiation within, or surrounding, a body in thermodynamic equilibrium with its environment, emitted by a black body (an idealized opaque, non-reflective body).
See Radiation and Black-body radiation
Burn
A burn is an injury to skin, or other tissues, caused by heat, cold, electricity, chemicals, friction, or ultraviolet radiation (such as sunburn).
Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
Cell (biology)
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.
See Radiation and Cell (biology)
Chain reaction
A chain reaction is a sequence of reactions where a reactive product or by-product causes additional reactions to take place.
See Radiation and Chain reaction
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is the association of atoms or ions to form molecules, crystals, and other structures.
See Radiation and Chemical bond
Cherenkov radiation
Cherenkov radiation (also known as Čerenkov or Cerenkov radiation) is electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle (such as an electron) passes through a dielectric medium (such as distilled water) at a speed greater than the phase velocity (speed of propagation of a wavefront in a medium) of light in that medium. Radiation and Cherenkov radiation are physical phenomena.
See Radiation and Cherenkov radiation
Chernobyl disaster
The Chernobyl disaster began on 26 April 1986 with the explosion of the No. 4 reactor of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR, close to the border with the Byelorussian SSR, in the Soviet Union.
See Radiation and Chernobyl disaster
Coronal mass ejection
A coronal mass ejection (CME) is a significant ejection of magnetic field and accompanying plasma mass from the Sun's corona into the heliosphere.
See Radiation and Coronal mass ejection
Cosmic microwave background
The cosmic microwave background (CMB or CMBR) is microwave radiation that fills all space in the observable universe.
See Radiation and Cosmic microwave background
Cosmic ray
Cosmic rays or astroparticles are high-energy particles or clusters of particles (primarily represented by protons or atomic nuclei) that move through space at nearly the speed of light.
Cumulative dose
Cumulative dose is the total dose resulting from repeated exposures of ionizing radiation to an occupationally exposed worker to the same portion of the body, or to the whole body, over a period of time.
See Radiation and Cumulative dose
Depleted uranium
Depleted uranium (DU; also referred to in the past as Q-metal, depletalloy or D-38) is uranium with a lower content of the fissile isotope 235U than natural uranium.
See Radiation and Depleted uranium
Dispersive prism
In optics, a dispersive prism is an optical prism that is used to disperse light, that is, to separate light into its spectral components (the colors of the rainbow).
See Radiation and Dispersive prism
DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.
Edward Andrade
Edward Neville da Costa Andrade FRS (27 December 1887 – 6 June 1971) was an English physicist, writer, and poet.
See Radiation and Edward Andrade
Effective dose (radiation)
Effective dose is a dose quantity in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) system of radiological protection.
See Radiation and Effective dose (radiation)
Electromagnetic radiation
In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) consists of waves of the electromagnetic (EM) field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic radiant energy.
See Radiation and Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength.
See Radiation and Electromagnetic spectrum
Electrometer
An electrometer is an electrical instrument for measuring electric charge or electrical potential difference.
See Radiation and Electrometer
Electron
The electron (or in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary electric charge.
Electronvolt
In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written electron-volt and electron volt, is the measure of an amount of kinetic energy gained by a single electron accelerating through an electric potential difference of one volt in vacuum.
See Radiation and Electronvolt
Energy
Energy is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat and light.
Equivalent dose
Equivalent dose is a dose quantity H representing the stochastic health effects of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body which represents the probability of radiation-induced cancer and genetic damage.
See Radiation and Equivalent dose
Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand physicist who was a pioneering researcher in both atomic and nuclear physics.
See Radiation and Ernest Rutherford
FASTRAD
FASTRAD is a tool dedicated to the calculation of radiation effects (Dose and Displacement Damage) on electronics.
Food browning
Browning is the process of food turning brown due to the chemical reactions that take place within.
See Radiation and Food browning
Frequency
Frequency (symbol f), most often measured in hertz (symbol: Hz), is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.
Gamma ray
A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.
Gamma-ray burst
In gamma-ray astronomy, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are immensely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies, being the brightest and most extreme explosive events in the entire universe, as NASA describes the bursts as the "most powerful class of explosions in the universe".
See Radiation and Gamma-ray burst
Geiger counter
A Geiger counter (also known as a Geiger–Müller counter or G-M counter) is an electronic instrument used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation.
See Radiation and Geiger counter
Gravitational wave
Gravitational waves are waves of the intensity of gravity that are generated by the accelerated masses of binary stars and other motions of gravitating masses, and propagate as waves outward from their source at the speed of light.
See Radiation and Gravitational wave
Hawking radiation
Hawking radiation is the theoretical thermal black-body radiation released outside a black hole's event horizon.
See Radiation and Hawking radiation
Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is the thermal energy transferred between systems due to a temperature difference.
Heinrich Hertz
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (22 February 1857 – 1 January 1894) was a German physicist who first conclusively proved the existence of the electromagnetic waves predicted by James Clerk Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism.
See Radiation and Heinrich Hertz
Helium-4
Helium-4 is a stable isotope of the element helium.
Henri Becquerel
Antoine Henri Becquerel (15 December 1852 – 25 August 1908) was a French engineer, physicist, Nobel laureate, and the first person to discover radioactivity.
See Radiation and Henri Becquerel
Hormesis
Hormesis is a two-phased dose-response relationship to an environmental agent whereby low-dose amounts have a beneficial effect and high-dose amounts are either inhibitory to function or toxic.
Infrared
Infrared (IR; sometimes called infrared light) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with wavelengths longer than that of visible light but shorter than microwaves.
Infrared sensing in snakes
The ability to sense infrared thermal radiation evolved independently in three different groups of snakes, consisting of the families of Boidae (boas), Pythonidae (pythons), and the subfamily Crotalinae (pit vipers).
See Radiation and Infrared sensing in snakes
International Agency for Research on Cancer
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC; Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, CIRC) is an intergovernmental agency forming part of the World Health Organization of the United Nations.
See Radiation and International Agency for Research on Cancer
International Commission on Radiological Protection
The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is an independent, international, non-governmental organization, with the mission to protect people, animals, and the environment from the harmful effects of ionising radiation.
See Radiation and International Commission on Radiological Protection
International Labour Organization
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice by setting international labour standards.
See Radiation and International Labour Organization
Invariant mass
The invariant mass, rest mass, intrinsic mass, proper mass, or in the case of bound systems simply mass, is the portion of the total mass of an object or system of objects that is independent of the overall motion of the system.
See Radiation and Invariant mass
Inverse-square law
In science, an inverse-square law is any scientific law stating that the observed "intensity" of a specified physical quantity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of that physical quantity.
See Radiation and Inverse-square law
Iodine-131
Iodine-131 (131I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley.
Ionization
Ionization (or ionisation specifically in Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand) is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. Radiation and Ionization are physical phenomena.
Ionizing radiation
Ionizing radiation (US, ionising radiation in the UK), including nuclear radiation, consists of subatomic particles or electromagnetic waves that have sufficient energy to ionize atoms or molecules by detaching electrons from them.
See Radiation and Ionizing radiation
James Chadwick
Sir James Chadwick, (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932.
See Radiation and James Chadwick
James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish physicist with broad interests who was responsible for the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, which was the first theory to describe electricity, magnetism and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon.
See Radiation and James Clerk Maxwell
Johann Wilhelm Ritter
Johann Wilhelm Ritter (16 December 1776 – 23 January 1810).
See Radiation and Johann Wilhelm Ritter
Kelvin
The kelvin, symbol K, is the base unit of measurement for temperature in the International System of Units (SI).
Light
Light, visible light, or visible radiation is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye.
Linear particle accelerator
A linear particle accelerator (often shortened to linac) is a type of particle accelerator that accelerates charged subatomic particles or ions to a high speed by subjecting them to a series of oscillating electric potentials along a linear beamline.
See Radiation and Linear particle accelerator
Marie Curie
Maria Salomea Skłodowska-Curie (7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934), known simply as Marie Curie, was a Polish and naturalised-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity.
Meson
In particle physics, a meson is a type of hadronic subatomic particle composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks, usually one of each, bound together by the strong interaction.
Microwave
Microwave is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than other radio waves (as originally discovered) but longer than infrared waves.
Momentum
In Newtonian mechanics, momentum (momenta or momentums; more specifically linear momentum or translational momentum) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object.
Muon
A muon (from the Greek letter mu (μ) used to represent it) is an elementary particle similar to the electron, with an electric charge of −1 e and spin-1/2, but with a much greater mass.
Mutation
In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA.
Near and far field
The near field and far field are regions of the electromagnetic (EM) field around an object, such as a transmitting antenna, or the result of radiation scattering off an object.
See Radiation and Near and far field
Neutron
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Neutron activation
Neutron activation is the process in which neutron radiation induces radioactivity in materials, and occurs when atomic nuclei capture free neutrons, becoming heavier and entering excited states.
See Radiation and Neutron activation
Neutron activation analysis
Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is a nuclear process used for determining the concentrations of elements in many materials.
See Radiation and Neutron activation analysis
Neutron radiation
Neutron radiation is a form of ionizing radiation that presents as free neutrons.
See Radiation and Neutron radiation
Neutron temperature
The neutron detection temperature, also called the neutron energy, indicates a free neutron's kinetic energy, usually given in electron volts.
See Radiation and Neutron temperature
Non-ionizing radiation
Non-ionizing (or non-ionising) radiation refers to any type of electromagnetic radiation that does not carry enough energy per quantum (photon energy) to ionize atoms or molecules—that is, to completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule.
See Radiation and Non-ionizing radiation
Nuclear fission
Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei.
See Radiation and Nuclear fission
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei, usually deuterium and tritium (hydrogen isotopes), combine to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons). Radiation and Nuclear fusion are physical phenomena.
See Radiation and Nuclear fusion
Nuclear medicine
Nuclear medicine, or nucleology, is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
See Radiation and Nuclear medicine
Nuclear reactor
A nuclear reactor is a device used to initiate and control a fission nuclear chain reaction or nuclear fusion reactions.
See Radiation and Nuclear reactor
Omnigraphics
Omnigraphics is a publishing company located in Detroit, Michigan, founded by Frederick Gale Ruffner, Jr. and his son Peter in 1985.
See Radiation and Omnigraphics
Orders of magnitude (length)
The following are examples of orders of magnitude for different lengths.
See Radiation and Orders of magnitude (length)
Ozone layer
The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.
Particle
In the physical sciences, a particle (or corpuscule in older texts) is a small localized object which can be described by several physical or chemical properties, such as volume, density, or mass.
Particle accelerator
A particle accelerator is a machine that uses electromagnetic fields to propel charged particles to very high speeds and energies to contain them in well-defined beams.
See Radiation and Particle accelerator
Particle radiation
Particle radiation is the radiation of energy by means of fast-moving subatomic particles.
See Radiation and Particle radiation
Paul Ulrich Villard
Paul Ulrich Villard (28 September 1860 – 13 January 1934) was a French chemist and physicist.
See Radiation and Paul Ulrich Villard
Photon
A photon is an elementary particle that is a quantum of the electromagnetic field, including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force.
Physics
Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.
Pion
In particle physics, a pion or pi meson, denoted with the Greek letter pi, is any of three subatomic particles:,, and.
Planck constant
The Planck constant, or Planck's constant, denoted by is a fundamental physical constant of foundational importance in quantum mechanics: a photon's energy is equal to its frequency multiplied by the Planck constant, and the wavelength of a matter wave equals the Planck constant divided by the associated particle momentum.
See Radiation and Planck constant
Planck's law
In physics, Planck's law (also Planck radiation law) describes the spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium at a given temperature, when there is no net flow of matter or energy between the body and its environment.
See Radiation and Planck's law
Point source
A point source is a single identifiable localised source of something.
See Radiation and Point source
Polonium
Polonium is a chemical element; it has symbol Po and atomic number 84.
Positron
The positron or antielectron is the particle with an electric charge of +1e, a spin of 1/2 (the same as the electron), and the same mass as an electron.
Potassium-40
Potassium-40 (40K) is a radioactive isotope of potassium which has a long half-life of 1.25 billion years.
See Radiation and Potassium-40
Proton
A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol, H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge).
Pyrimidine dimer
Pyrimidine dimers represent molecular lesions originating from thymine or cytosine bases within DNA, resulting from photochemical reactions.
See Radiation and Pyrimidine dimer
Quasar
A quasar is an extremely luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN).
Radiant energy
In physics, and in particular as measured by radiometry, radiant energy is the energy of electromagnetic and gravitational radiation.
See Radiation and Radiant energy
Radiation damage
Radiation damage is the effect of ionizing radiation on physical objects including non-living structural materials.
See Radiation and Radiation damage
Radiation hardening
Radiation hardening is the process of making electronic components and circuits resistant to damage or malfunction caused by high levels of ionizing radiation (particle radiation and high-energy electromagnetic radiation), especially for environments in outer space (especially beyond low Earth orbit), around nuclear reactors and particle accelerators, or during nuclear accidents or nuclear warfare.
See Radiation and Radiation hardening
Radiation hormesis
Radiation hormesis is the hypothesis that low doses of ionizing radiation (within the region of and just above natural background levels) are beneficial, stimulating the activation of repair mechanisms that protect against disease, that are not activated in absence of ionizing radiation.
See Radiation and Radiation hormesis
Radiation Protection Convention, 1960
Radiation Protection Convention, 1960 is an International Labour Organization Convention to restrict workers from exposure of ionising radiation and to prohibit persons under 16 engaging in work that causes such exposure.
See Radiation and Radiation Protection Convention, 1960
Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy or radiotherapy (RT, RTx, or XRT) is a treatment using ionizing radiation, generally provided as part of cancer therapy to either kill or control the growth of malignant cells.
See Radiation and Radiation therapy
Radical (chemistry)
In chemistry, a radical, also known as a free radical, is an atom, molecule, or ion that has at least one unpaired valence electron.
See Radiation and Radical (chemistry)
Radio wave
Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the lowest frequencies and the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies below 300 gigahertz (GHz) and wavelengths greater than, about the diameter of a grain of rice.
Radioactive contamination
Radioactive contamination, also called radiological pollution, is the deposition of, or presence of radioactive substances on surfaces or within solids, liquids, or gases (including the human body), where their presence is unintended or undesirable (from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) definition).
See Radiation and Radioactive contamination
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation.
See Radiation and Radioactive decay
Radioactive tracer
A radioactive tracer, radiotracer, or radioactive label is a synthetic derivative of a natural compound in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a radionuclide (a radioactive atom).
See Radiation and Radioactive tracer
Radiocarbon dating
Radiocarbon dating (also referred to as carbon dating or carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon.
See Radiation and Radiocarbon dating
Radiography
Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal form of an object.
Radiometric dating
Radiometric dating, radioactive dating or radioisotope dating is a technique which is used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed.
See Radiation and Radiometric dating
Radiometry
Radiometry is a set of techniques for measuring electromagnetic radiation, including visible light.
Radionuclide
A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is a nuclide that has excess numbers of either neutrons or protons, giving it excess nuclear energy, and making it unstable.
See Radiation and Radionuclide
Radium
Radium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ra and atomic number 88.
Radon
Radon is a chemical element; it has symbol Rn and atomic number 86.
Red
Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.
Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. Radiation and refraction are physical phenomena.
Relative biological effectiveness
In radiobiology, the relative biological effectiveness (often abbreviated as RBE) is the ratio of biological effectiveness of one type of ionizing radiation relative to another, given the same amount of absorbed energy.
See Radiation and Relative biological effectiveness
Relativistic speed
Relativistic speed refers to speed at which relativistic effects become significant to the desired accuracy of measurement of the phenomenon being observed.
See Radiation and Relativistic speed
Royal Society
The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences.
See Radiation and Royal Society
Seismic wave
A seismic wave is a mechanical wave of acoustic energy that travels through the Earth or another planetary body.
See Radiation and Seismic wave
Silver chloride
Silver chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula AgCl.
See Radiation and Silver chloride
Sound
In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.
Spacetime
In physics, spacetime, also called the space-time continuum, is a mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum.
Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to). According to the special theory of relativity, is the upper limit for the speed at which conventional matter or energy (and thus any signal carrying information) can travel through space.
See Radiation and Speed of light
Star
A star is a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by self-gravity.
Subatomic particle
In physics, a subatomic particle is a particle smaller than an atom.
See Radiation and Subatomic particle
Sun
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.
Supernova
A supernova (supernovae or supernovas) is a powerful and luminous explosion of a star.
The dose makes the poison
"The dose makes the poison" (dosis sola facit venenum 'only the dose makes the poison') is an adage intended to indicate a basic principle of toxicology.
See Radiation and The dose makes the poison
Thermal energy
The term "thermal energy" is used loosely in various contexts in physics and engineering, generally related to the kinetic energy of vibrating and colliding atoms in a substance.
See Radiation and Thermal energy
Thermal radiation
Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted by the thermal motion of particles in matter.
See Radiation and Thermal radiation
Thermometer
A thermometer is a device that measures temperature (the degree of hotness or coldness of an object) or temperature gradient (the rates of change of temperature in space).
Thomas Royds
Thomas Royds (April 11, 1884 – May 1, 1955) was a British solar physicist who worked with Ernest Rutherford on the identification of alpha radiation as the nucleus of the helium atom, and who was Director of the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory, India.
See Radiation and Thomas Royds
Thyroid cancer
Thyroid cancer is cancer that develops from the tissues of the thyroid gland.
See Radiation and Thyroid cancer
Transmission medium
A transmission medium is a system or substance that can mediate the propagation of signals for the purposes of telecommunication.
See Radiation and Transmission medium
Ultrasound
Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz.
Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths of 10–400 nanometers, shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays.
Universe
The universe is all of space and time and their contents.
Victor Francis Hess
Victor Franz Hess (24 June 188317 December 1964) was an Austrian-American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics, who discovered cosmic rays.
See Radiation and Victor Francis Hess
Wave
In physics, mathematics, engineering, and related fields, a wave is a propagating dynamic disturbance (change from equilibrium) of one or more quantities.
Wavelength
In physics and mathematics, wavelength or spatial period of a wave or periodic function is the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.
Wien's displacement law
In physics, Wien's displacement law states that the black-body radiation curve for different temperatures will peak at different wavelengths that are inversely proportional to the temperature.
See Radiation and Wien's displacement law
Wilhelm Röntgen
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (27 March 184510 February 1923) was a German mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the inaugural Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.
See Radiation and Wilhelm Röntgen
William Herschel
Frederick William Herschel (Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel; 15 November 1738 – 25 August 1822) was a German-British astronomer and composer.
See Radiation and William Herschel
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
See Radiation and World Health Organization
X-ray
X-rays (or rarely, X-radiation) are a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation.
References
Also known as Radiating, Radioactive radiation, Radiological.