Table of Contents
228 relations: Agonalia, Agriculture in ancient Rome, Alba Longa, Alban Hills, Ambarvalia, Amburbium, Ancile, Angerona, Anna Perenna, Apollo, Aprilis, Argei, Armilustrium, Asclepius, Attis, Augury, Augustalia, Augustus, Aulos, Aventine Hill, Battle of Arausio, Battle of the Allia, Bellona (goddess), Bona Dea, Brumalia, Calends, Camenae, Campus Martius, Capitoline Hill, Capitoline Triad, Capitolium, Caprotinia, Cardea, Caristia, Carmentalia, Castor and Pollux, Cato the Elder, Cerealia, Ceres (mythology), Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, Cicero, Circus Flaminius, Circus Maximus, College of Pontiffs, Columella, Compitalia, Consualia, Consus, Curio maximus, Cybele, ... Expand index (178 more) »
Agonalia
An Agonalia or Agonia was an obscure archaic religious observance celebrated in ancient Rome several times a year, in honor of various divinities. Roman festivals and Agonalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Agriculture in ancient Rome
Roman agriculture describes the farming practices of ancient Rome, during a period of over 1000 years.
See Roman festivals and Agriculture in ancient Rome
Alba Longa
Alba Longa (occasionally written Albalonga in Italian sources) was an ancient Latin city in Central Italy in the vicinity of Lake Albano in the Alban Hills.
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Alban Hills
The Alban Hills (Colli Albani) are the caldera remains of a quiescent volcanic complex in Italy, located southeast of Rome and about north of Anzio.
See Roman festivals and Alban Hills
Ambarvalia
Ambarvalia was a Roman agricultural fertility rite, involving animal sacrifices and held on 29 May in honor of Ceres, Bacchus and Dea Dia. Roman festivals and Ambarvalia are ancient Roman festivals.
See Roman festivals and Ambarvalia
Amburbium
The Amburbium ("City Circuit", from ambire, "to go around" + urb-, "city"; plural amburbia) was an ancient Roman festival for purifying the city; that is, a lustration (lustratio urbis). Roman festivals and Amburbium are ancient Roman festivals.
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Ancile
In ancient Rome, the ancilia (Latin, singular ancile) were twelve sacred shields kept in the Temple of Mars.
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Angerona
In Roman religion, Angerona or Angeronia was an old Roman goddess, whose name and functions are variously explained.
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Anna Perenna
Anna Perenna was an old Roman deity of the circle or "ring" of the year, as indicated by the name (per annum).
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Apollo
Apollo is one of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology.
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Aprilis
Aprilis or mensis Aprilis (April) was the second month of the ancient Roman calendar, following Martius (March) and preceding Maius (May).
See Roman festivals and Aprilis
Argei
The rituals of the Argei were archaic religious observances in ancient Rome that took place on March 16 and March 17, and again on May 14 or May 15.
Armilustrium
In ancient Roman religion, the Armilustrium was a festival in honor of Mars, the god of war, celebrated on October 19.
See Roman festivals and Armilustrium
Asclepius
Asclepius (Ἀσκληπιός Asklēpiós; Aesculapius) is a hero and god of medicine in ancient Greek religion and mythology.
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Attis
Attis (Ἄττις, also Ἄτυς, Ἄττυς, Ἄττης) was the consort of Cybele, in Phrygian and Greek mythology.
Augury
Augury was a Greco-Roman religion practice of observing the behavior of birds, to receive omens.
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Augustalia
The Augustalia, also known as the Ludi Augustales ("Augustan Games"), was a festival celebrated October 12 in honor of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Roman festivals and Augustalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Augustus
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (Octavianus), was the founder of the Roman Empire.
See Roman festivals and Augustus
Aulos
An aulos (plural auloi; αὐλός, plural αὐλοί) or tibia (Latin) was a wind instrument in ancient Greece, often depicted in art and also attested by archaeology.
Aventine Hill
The Aventine Hill (Collis Aventinus; Aventino) is one of the Seven Hills on which ancient Rome was built.
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Battle of Arausio
The Battle of Arausio took place on 6 October 105 BC, at a site between the town of Arausio, now Orange, Vaucluse, and the Rhône river.
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Battle of the Allia
The Battle of the Allia was fought between the Senones – a Gallic tribe led by Brennus, who had invaded Northern Italy – and the Roman Republic.
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Bellona (goddess)
Bellona was an ancient Roman goddess of war.
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Bona Dea
Bona Dea ('Good Goddess') was a goddess in ancient Roman religion.
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Brumalia
The Brumalia (Brumalia) were a winter solstice festival celebrated in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Roman festivals and Brumalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Calends
The calends or kalends (kalendae) is the first day of every month in the Roman calendar.
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Camenae
In Roman mythology, the Camenae (also Casmenae, Camoenae) were originally goddesses of childbirth, wells and fountains, and also prophetic deities.
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Campus Martius
The Campus Martius (Latin for 'Field of Mars'; Italian: Campo Marzio) was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about in extent.
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Capitoline Hill
The Capitolium or Capitoline Hill (Campidoglio; Mons Capitolinus), between the Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the Seven Hills of Rome.
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Capitoline Triad
The Capitoline Triad was a group of three deities who were worshipped in ancient Roman religion in an elaborate temple on Rome's Capitoline Hill (Latin Capitolium).
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Capitolium
A Capitolium (Latin) was an ancient Roman temple dedicated to the Capitoline Triad of gods Jupiter, Juno and Minerva.
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Caprotinia
The Caprotinia, or feasts of Juno Caprotina, were ancient Roman festivals which were celebrated on July 7, in favor of the female slaves. Roman festivals and Caprotinia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Cardea
Cardea or Carda was the ancient Roman goddess of the hinge (Latin cardo, cardinis), Roman doors being hung on pivot hinges.
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Caristia
In ancient Rome, the Caristia, also known as the Cara Cognatio, was an official but privately observed holiday on February 22 that celebrated love of family with banqueting and gifts. Roman festivals and Caristia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Carmentalia
Carmentalia was the two feast days (11 January and 15 January) of the Roman goddess Carmenta. Roman festivals and Carmentalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Castor and Pollux
Castor and Pollux (or Polydeuces) are twin half-brothers in Greek and Roman mythology, known together as the Dioscuri or Dioskouroi.
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Cato the Elder
Marcus Porcius Cato (234–149 BC), also known as Cato the Censor (Censorius), the Elder and the Wise, was a Roman soldier, senator, and historian known for his conservatism and opposition to Hellenization.
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Cerealia
In ancient Roman religion, the Cerealia was the major festival celebrated for the grain goddess Ceres.
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Ceres (mythology)
In ancient Roman religion, Ceres was a goddess of agriculture, grain crops, fertility and motherly relationships.
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Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage: A Romaunt is a long narrative poem in four parts written by Lord Byron.
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Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire.
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Circus Flaminius
The Circus Flaminius was a large, circular area in ancient Rome, located in the southern end of the Campus Martius near the Tiber River.
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Circus Maximus
The Circus Maximus (Latin for "largest circus"; Italian: Circo Massimo) is an ancient Roman chariot-racing stadium and mass entertainment venue in Rome, Italy.
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College of Pontiffs
The College of Pontiffs (Collegium Pontificum; see collegium) was a body of the ancient Roman state whose members were the highest-ranking priests of the state religion.
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Columella
Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (Arabic) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire.
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Compitalia
The Compitalia (Ludi Compitalicii) was an annual festival in ancient Roman religion held in honor of the Lares Compitales, household deities of the crossroads, to whom sacrifices were offered at the places where two or more ways met. Roman festivals and Compitalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Consualia
The Consualia or Consuales Ludi was the name of two ancient Roman festivals in honor of Consus, a tutelary deity of the harvest and stored grain. Roman festivals and Consualia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Consus
In ancient Roman religion, the god Consus was the protector of grains.
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Curio maximus
The curio maximus was an obscure priesthood in ancient Rome that had oversight of the curiae, groups of citizens loosely affiliated within what was originally a tribe.
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Cybele
Cybele (Phrygian: Matar Kubileya/Kubeleya "Kubileya/Kubeleya Mother", perhaps "Mountain Mother"; Lydian Kuvava; Κυβέλη Kybele, Κυβήβη Kybebe, Κύβελις Kybelis) is an Anatolian mother goddess; she may have a possible forerunner in the earliest neolithic at Çatalhöyük.
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December (Roman month)
December (from Latin decem, "ten") or mensis December was originally the tenth month of the Roman calendar, following November (novem, "nine") and preceding Ianuarius.
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Di inferi
The di inferi or dii inferi (Latin, "the gods below") were a shadowy collective of ancient Roman deities associated with death and the underworld.
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Di Penates
In ancient Roman religion, the Di Penates or Penates were among the dii familiares, or household deities, invoked most often in domestic rituals.
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Dius Fidius
In ancient Roman religion, Dius Fidius (less often as Dius Fidus) was a god of oaths associated with Jupiter.
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Divalia
The Divalia was a Roman festival held on December 21, in honour of the goddess Angerona, whence it is also called Angeronalia. Roman festivals and Divalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Easter
Easter, also called Pascha (Aramaic, Greek, Latin) or Resurrection Sunday, is a Christian festival and cultural holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial following his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary.
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Epona
In Gallo-Roman religion, Epona was a protector of horses, ponies, donkeys, and mules.
Epulum Jovis
In ancient Roman religion, the Epulum Jovis (also Epulum Iovis) was a sumptuous ritual feast offered to Jove on the Ides of September (September 13) and a smaller feast on the Ides of November (November 13). Roman festivals and Epulum Jovis are ancient Roman festivals.
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Equirria
The Equirria (also as Ecurria, from equicurria, "horse races") were two ancient Roman festivals of chariot racing, or perhaps horseback racing, held in honor of the god Mars, one 27 February and the other 14 March.
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Fasti
In ancient Rome, the fasti (Latin plural) were chronological or calendar-based lists, or other diachronic records or plans of official and religiously sanctioned events.
Fasti (poem)
The Fasti (Fāstī, "the Calendar"), sometimes translated as The Book of Days or On the Roman Calendar, is a six-book Latin poem written by the Roman poet Ovid and published in AD 8.
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Fasting
Fasting is abstention from eating and sometimes drinking.
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Faunus
In ancient Roman religion and myth, Faunus was the rustic god of the forest, plains and fields; when he made cattle fertile, he was called Inuus.
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Februarius
Februarius, fully Mensis Februarius ("month of Februa"), was the shortest month of the Roman calendar from which the Julian and Gregorian month of February derived.
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Feralia
Ferālia was an ancient Roman public festivalDumézil, Georges. Roman festivals and Feralia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Feriae Latinae
The Feriae Latinae or Latin Festival was an ancient Roman religious festival held in April on the Alban Mount. Roman festivals and Feriae Latinae are ancient Roman festivals.
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Feronia (mythology)
In Etruscan and Sabine religion, Feronia was a goddess associated with wildlife, fertility, health, and abundance, also venerated by the Faliscans and later adopted into ancient Roman religion.
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Fides (deity)
Fides (Fidēs) was the goddess of trust, faithfulness, and good faith (bona fides) in ancient Roman religion.
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Flamen
A flamen (plural flamines) was a priest of the ancient Roman religion who was assigned to one of fifteen deities with official cults during the Roman Republic.
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Flora (mythology)
Flora (Flōra) is a Roman goddess of flowers and spring.
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Floralia
The Floralia was a festival of ancient Roman religion in honor of the goddess Flora, held on 27 April during the Republican era, or 28 April in the Julian calendar. Roman festivals and Floralia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Fontus
Fontus or Fons (Fontes, "Font" or "Source") was a god of wells and springs in ancient Roman religion.
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Fordicidia
In ancient Roman religion, the Fordicidia was a festival of fertility, held on the Ides of April (April 15), that pertained to farming and animal husbandry. Roman festivals and Fordicidia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Fornacalia
The Fornacalia was an Ancient Roman religious festival celebrated in honor of the goddess Fornax, a divine personification of the oven (fornax), and was related to the proper baking of bread. Roman festivals and Fornacalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Fortuna
Fortuna (Fortūna, equivalent to the Greek goddess Tyche) is the goddess of fortune and the personification of luck in Roman religion who, largely thanks to the Late Antique author Boethius, remained popular through the Middle Ages until at least the Renaissance.
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Fortuna Redux
Fortuna Redux was a form of the goddess Fortuna in the Roman Empire who oversaw a return, as from a long or perilous journey.
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Forum Boarium
The Forum Boarium (Foro Boario) was the cattle market or forum venalium of ancient Rome.
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Forum Holitorium
The Forum Holitorium or Olitorium (Latin for the "Market of the Vegetable Sellers"; Foro Olitorio) is an archaeological area of Rome, Italy, on the slopes of the Capitoline Hill.
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Founding of Rome
The founding of Rome was a prehistoric event or process later greatly embellished by Roman historians and poets.
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Furrina
Furrina, also spelled Furina, was an ancient Roman goddess whose function had become obscure by the 1st century BC.
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Furrinalia
In ancient Roman religion, the Furrinalia (or Furinalia) was an annual festival held on 25 July to celebrate the rites (sacra) of the goddess Furrina. Roman festivals and Furrinalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Gauls
The Gauls (Galli; Γαλάται, Galátai) were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD).
Glossary of ancient Roman religion
The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.
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Graecostasis
The Graecostasis (Γραικόστασις) was a platform in the Comitium near the Roman Forum, located to the west of the Rostra.
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Haruspex
In the religion of ancient Rome, a haruspex was a person trained to practise a form of divination called haruspicy, the inspection of the entrails of sacrificed animals, especially the livers of sacrificed sheep and poultry.
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Hendrik Wagenvoort
Hendrik Wagenvoort (23 August 1886 – 15 January 1976) was a Dutch classical scholar.
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Hercules in ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion and myth, Hercules was venerated as a divinized hero and incorporated into the legends of Rome's founding.
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Hilaria
The Hilaria (Latin "the cheerful ones", a term derived from the borrowed adjective ἱλαρός "cheerful, merry") were ancient Roman religious festivals celebrated on the March equinox to honor Cybele. Roman festivals and Hilaria are ancient Roman festivals.
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History of Rome (Livy)
The History of Rome, perhaps originally titled Annales, and frequently referred to as Ab Urbe Condita (From the Founding of the City), is a monumental history of ancient Rome, written in Latin between 27 and 9 BC by the Roman historian Titus Livius, better known in English as "Livy".
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Howard Hayes Scullard
Howard Hayes Scullard (9 February 1903 – 31 March 1983) was a British historian specialising in ancient history, notable for editing the Oxford Classical Dictionary and for his many published works.
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Ianuarius
Ianuarius, Januarius, or January, fully Mensis Ianuarius ("month of Janus") and abbreviated Ian., was the first month of the ancient Roman calendar, from which the Julian and Gregorian month of January derived.
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Ieiunium Cereris
The Ieiunium Cereris (Latin: the fast of Ceres) was a Roman festival devoted to the goddess Ceres, observed on the 4th of October (on the 4th day prior to the Nones of October), during which its participants refrained from consuming food. Roman festivals and Ieiunium Cereris are ancient Roman festivals.
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Iunius (month)
On the ancient Roman calendar, mensis Iunius or Iunius, also Junius (June), was the fourth month, following Maius (May).
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Janus
In ancient Roman religion and myth, Janus (Ianvs) is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways, passages, frames, and endings.
John Scheid
John Scheid (born 1946 in Luxembourg under the first name Jean) is a French historian.
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Jonathan Edmondson
Jonathan Charles Edmondson (born 1959) is a British-born historian.
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Julian calendar
The Julian calendar is a solar calendar of 365 days in every year with an additional leap day every fourth year (without exception).
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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.
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Juno (mythology)
Juno (Latin Iūnō) was an ancient Roman goddess, the protector and special counsellor of the state.
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Jupiter (god)
Jupiter (Iūpiter or Iuppiter, from Proto-Italic *djous "day, sky" + *patēr "father", thus "sky father" Greek: Δίας or Ζεύς), also known as Jove (gen. Iovis), is the god of the sky and thunder, and king of the gods in ancient Roman religion and mythology.
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Jupiter Indiges
According to the Roman historian Livy, Jupiter Indiges is the name given to the deified hero Aeneas.
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Juturna
In the myth and religion of ancient Rome, Juturna, or Diuturna, was a goddess of fountains, wells and springs, and the mother of Fontus by Janus.
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King of Rome
The king of Rome (rex Romae) was the ruler of the Roman Kingdom.
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Larentalia
The Roman festival of Larentalia was held on 23 December but was ordered to be observed twice a year by Augustus; by some supposed to be in honour of the Lares, a kind of domestic genii, or divinities, worshipped in houses, and esteemed the guardians and protectors of families, supposed to reside in chimney-corners. Roman festivals and Larentalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Lares
Lares (archaic lasēs, singular) were guardian deities in ancient Roman religion.
Lectisternium
The lectisternium was an ancient Roman propitiatory ceremony, consisting of a meal offered to gods and goddesses.
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Lemuria (festival)
The Lemuralia or Lemuria was an annual event in the religion of ancient Rome, during which the Romans performed rites to exorcise any malevolent and fearful ghosts of the restless dead from their homes. Roman festivals and Lemuria (festival) are ancient Roman festivals.
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Leto
In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Leto (Λητώ|Lētṓ) is a goddess and the mother of Apollo and Artemis.
Liber
In ancient Roman religion and mythology, Liber ("the free one"), also known as Liber Pater ("the free Father"), was a god of viticulture and wine, male fertility and freedom.
Liberalia
In ancient Roman religion, the Liberalia (March 17) was the festival of Liber Pater and his consort Libera. Roman festivals and Liberalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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List of ancient Roman fasti
Ancient Roman fasti were calendars (fasti) that recorded religious observances and officially commemorated events.
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List of Roman birth and childhood deities
In ancient Roman religion, birth and childhood deities were thought to care for every aspect of conception, pregnancy, childbirth, and child development.
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Livy
Titus Livius (59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy, was a Roman historian.
Lucaria
In ancient Roman religion, the Lucaria was a festival of the grove (Latin lucus) held 19 and 21 July. Roman festivals and Lucaria are ancient Roman festivals.
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Ludi
Ludi (Latin plural) were public games held for the benefit and entertainment of the Roman people (''populus Romanus''). Roman festivals and Ludi are ancient Roman festivals.
Ludi Apollinares
The Ludi Apollinares were solemn games (ludi) held annually by the ancient Romans in honor of the god Apollo.
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Ludi Piscatorii
The Ludi Piscatorii was a Roman holiday celebrated on 7 June in the 3rd century BC in honor of Father Tiber. Roman festivals and Ludi Piscatorii are ancient Roman festivals.
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Ludi Plebeii
The Plebeian Games (Latin Ludi Plebeii) were an ancient Roman religious festival held November 4–17.
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Ludi Romani
The Ludi Romani ("Roman Games"; see ludi) was a religious festival in ancient Rome.
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Luna (goddess)
In Sabine and ancient Roman religion and myth, Luna is the divine embodiment of the Moon (Latin Lūna). She is often presented as the female complement of the Sun, Sol, conceived of as a god.
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Lupercalia
Lupercalia, also known as Lupercal, was a pastoral festival of Ancient Rome observed annually on February 15 to purify the city, promoting health and fertility. Roman festivals and Lupercalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Macrobius
Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, usually referred to as Macrobius (fl. AD 400), was a Roman provincial who lived during the early fifth century, during late antiquity, the period of time corresponding to the Later Roman Empire, and when Latin was as widespread as Greek among the elite.
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Maius
Maius or mensis Maius (May) was the third month of the ancient Roman calendar, following Aprilis (April) and preceding Iunius (June).
Mamuralia
In ancient Roman religion, the Mamuralia or Sacrum Mamurio ("Rite for Mamurius") was a festival held on March 14 or 15, named only in sources from late antiquity. Roman festivals and Mamuralia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Manes
In ancient Roman religion, the Manes or Di Manes are chthonic deities sometimes thought to represent souls of deceased loved ones.
Mania (deity)
In ancient Etruscan and Roman mythology, Mania (𐌀𐌉𐌍𐌀𐌌), also spelled Manea, was a goddess of the dead, spirits and chaos: she was said to be the mother of ghosts, the undead, and other spirits of the night, as well as the Lares and the Manes.
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Marcus Terentius Varro
Marcus Terentius Varro (116–27 BC) was a Roman polymath and a prolific author.
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Mars (mythology)
In ancient Roman religion and mythology, Mars (Mārs) is the god of war and also an agricultural guardian, a combination characteristic of early Rome.
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Martius (month)
Martius or mensis Martius ("March") was the first month of the ancient Roman year until possibly as late as 153 BC.
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Mater Matuta
Mater Matuta was an indigenous Latin goddess, whom the Romans eventually made equivalent to the dawn goddess Aurora and the Greek goddess Eos.
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Matronalia
In ancient Roman religion, the Matronalia (or Matronales Feriae) was a festival celebrating Juno Lucina, the goddess of childbirth ("Juno who brings children into the light"), and of motherhood (mater is "mother" in Latin) and women in general. Roman festivals and Matronalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Meditrinalia
The Meditrinalia was a festival in the traditional Roman religion, celebrated on October 11 in honor of the new vintage, which was offered as libations to the gods for the first time each year. Roman festivals and Meditrinalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Megalesia
The Megalesia, Megalensia, or Megalenses Ludi was a festival celebrated in Ancient Rome from April 4 to April 10, in honour of Cybele, known to Romans as Magna Mater (Great Mother). Roman festivals and Megalesia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Mens
In ancient Roman religion, Mens, also known as Mens Bona (Latin for "Good Mind"), was the personification of thought, consciousness and the mind, and also of "right-thinking".
Mercuralia
Mercuralia is a Roman celebration known also as the "Festival of Mercury". Roman festivals and Mercuralia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Mercury (mythology)
Mercury (Mercurius) is a major god in Roman religion and mythology, being one of the 12 Dii Consentes within the ancient Roman pantheon.
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Minerva
Minerva (Menrva) is the Roman goddess of wisdom, justice, law, victory, and the sponsor of arts, trade, and strategy.
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Moveable feast
A moveable feast is an observance in a Christian liturgical calendar which occurs on different dates in different years.
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Nemoralia
The Nemoralia (also known as the Festival of Torches or Hecatean Ides) is a three-day festival originally celebrated by the ancient Romans on the Ides of August (August 13–15) in honor of the goddess Diana. Roman festivals and Nemoralia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Neptunalia
The Neptunalia was an obscure archaic two-day festival in honor of Neptune as god of waters, celebrated at Rome in the heat and drought of summer, probably 23 July (Varro, De lingua Latina vi.19). Roman festivals and Neptunalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Neptune (mythology)
Neptune (Neptūnus) is the Roman god of freshwater and the sea in Roman religion.
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New moon
In astronomy, the new moon is the first lunar phase, when the Moon and Sun have the same ecliptic longitude.
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November (Roman month)
November (from Latin novem, "nine") or mensis November was originally the ninth of ten months on the Roman calendar, following October (octo, "eight") and preceding December (decem, "ten").
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Numa Pompilius
Numa Pompilius (753–672 BC; reigned 715–672 BC) was the legendary second king of Rome, succeeding Romulus after a one-year interregnum.
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Nymph
A nymph (νύμφη|nýmphē;; sometimes spelled nymphe) is a minor female nature deity in ancient Greek folklore.
October (Roman month)
October (from Latin octo, "eight") or mensis October was the eighth of ten months on the oldest Roman calendar.
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October Horse
In ancient Roman religion, the October Horse (Latin Equus October) was an animal sacrifice to Mars carried out on October 15, coinciding with the end of the agricultural and military campaigning season.
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Opiconsivia
The Opiconsivia (or Opeconsiva or Opalia) was an ancient Roman religious festival held August 25 in honor of Ops ("Plenty"), also known as Opis, a goddess of agricultural resources and wealth. Roman festivals and Opiconsivia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Ops
In ancient Roman religion, Ops or Opis (Latin: "Plenty") was a fertility deity and earth goddess of Sabine origin.
Ostia Antica
Ostia Antica is an ancient Roman city and the port of Rome located at the mouth of the Tiber.
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Ovid
Publius Ovidius Naso (20 March 43 BC – AD 17/18), known in English as Ovid, was a Roman poet who lived during the reign of Augustus.
Pagus
In ancient Rome, the Latin word pagus (plural pagi) was an administrative term designating a rural subdivision of a tribal territory, which included individual farms, villages (vici), and strongholds (oppida) serving as refuges, as well as an early medieval geographical term.
Palatine Hill
The Palatine Hill (Classical Latin: Palatium; Neo-Latin: Collis/Mons Palatinus; Palatino), which relative to the seven hills of Rome is the centremost, is one of the most ancient parts of the city; it has been called "the first nucleus of the Roman Empire".
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Pales
In ancient Roman religion, Pales was a deity of shepherds, flocks and livestock.
Parentalia
In ancient Rome, the Parentalia or dies parentales ("ancestral days") was a nine-day festival held in honour of family ancestors, beginning on 13 February. Roman festivals and Parentalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Parilia
''Festa di Pales, o L'estate'' (1783), a reimagining of the Festival of Pales by Joseph-Benoît Suvée The Parilia or Palilia was an ancient Roman festival of rural character performed annually on 21 April, aimed at cleansing both sheep and shepherd. Roman festivals and Parilia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Polemius Silvius
Polemius Silvius (fl. 5th century) was the author of an annotated Julian calendar that attempted to integrate the traditional Roman festival cycle with the new Christian holy days.
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Poplifugia
The Poplifugia or Populifugia (Latin: the people's flight) was a festival of ancient Rome celebrated on July 5, according to Varro. Roman festivals and Poplifugia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Porta Capena
The Porta Capena was a gate in the Servian Wall in Rome, Italy.
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Porta Trigemina
The Porta Trigemina was one of the main gates in the ancient 4th century BC Servian Wall of Rome, Italy.
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Portunus (mythology)
Portunus was the ancient Roman god of keys, doors, livestock and ports.
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Privatus
In Roman law, the Latin adjective privatus makes a legal distinction between that which is "private" and that which is publicus, "public" in the sense of pertaining to the Roman people (''populus Romanus'').
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Quinquatria
In ancient Roman religion, the Quinquatria or Quinquatrus was a festival sacred to the Goddess Minerva, celebrated 19–23 March. Roman festivals and Quinquatria are ancient Roman festivals.
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Quintilis
In the ancient Roman calendar, Quintilis or Quinctilis was the month following Junius (June) and preceding Sextilis (August).
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Quirinus
In Roman mythology and religion, Quirinus is an early god of the Roman state.
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Regia
The Regia ("Royal house") was a two-part structure in Ancient Rome lying along the Via Sacra at the edge of the Roman Forum that originally served as the residence or one of the main headquarters of kings of Rome and later as the office of the pontifex maximus, the highest religious official of Rome.
Regifugium
The Regifugium ("Flight of the King") or Fugalia ("Festival of the Flight") was an annual religious festival that took place in ancient Rome every February 24 (a.d. VI Kal.). Roman festivals and Regifugium are ancient Roman festivals.
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Religion in ancient Rome
Religion in ancient Rome consisted of varying imperial and provincial religious practices, which were followed both by the people of Rome as well as those who were brought under its rule.
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Rex Sacrorum
In ancient Roman religion, the rex sacrorum ("king of the sacred things", also sometimes rex sacrificulus) was a senatorial priesthood reserved for patricians.
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Robigalia
The Robigalia was a festival in ancient Roman religion held April 25, named for the god Robigus. Roman festivals and Robigalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Roman calendar
The Roman calendar was the calendar used by the Roman Kingdom and Roman Republic.
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Roman consul
A consul was the highest elected public official of the Roman Republic (to 27 BC).
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Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
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Roman Holiday
Roman Holiday is a 1953 American romantic comedy film directed and produced by William Wyler.
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Roman magistrate
The Roman magistrates were elected officials in ancient Rome.
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Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.
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Rosalia (festival)
In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July. Roman festivals and Rosalia (festival) are ancient Roman festivals.
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Salii
The Salii, Salians, or Salian priests were the "leaping priests" of Mars in ancient Roman religion, supposed to have been introduced by King Numa Pompilius.
Salus
Salus (salus, "safety", "salvation", "welfare") was the Roman goddess of safety and well-being (welfare, health and prosperity) of both the individual and the state.
Saturn (mythology)
Saturn (Sāturnus) was a god in ancient Roman religion, and a character in Roman mythology.
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Saturnalia
Saturnalia is an ancient Roman festival and holiday in honour of the god Saturn, held on 17 December of the Julian calendar and later expanded with festivities through 19 December. Roman festivals and Saturnalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Secular Games
The Secular or Saecular Games (Ludi Saeculares) was an ancient Roman religious celebration involving sacrifices, theatrical performances, and public games (ludi).
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Sementivae
Sementivae, also known as Feriae Sementivae or Sementina dies (in the country called Paganalia), was a Roman festival of sowing. Roman festivals and Sementivae are ancient Roman festivals.
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September (Roman month)
September (from Latin septem, "seven") or mensis September was originally the seventh of ten months on the ancient Roman calendar that began with March (mensis Martius, "Mars' month").
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Septimontium
The Septimontium was a proto-urban festival celebrated in ancient Rome by montani, residents of the seven (sept-) communities associated with the hills or peaks of Rome (montes): Oppius, Palatium, Velia, Fagutal, Cermalus, Caelius, and Cispius. Roman festivals and Septimontium are ancient Roman festivals.
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Sextilis
Sextilis or mensis Sextilis was the Latin name for what was originally the sixth month in the Roman calendar, when March (Martius, "Mars' month") was the first of ten months in the year.
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Sigillaria (ancient Rome)
In ancient Roman culture, sigillaria were pottery or wax figurines given as traditional gifts during the Saturnalia. Roman festivals and sigillaria (ancient Rome) are ancient Roman festivals.
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Skyphos
A skyphos (σκύφος;: skyphoi) is a two-handled deep wine-cup on a low flanged base or none.
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Slavery in ancient Rome
Slavery in ancient Rome played an important role in society and the economy.
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Sol (Roman mythology)
Sol is the personification of the Sun and a god in ancient Roman religion.
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Sol Invictus
Sol Invictus ("Invincible Sun" or "Unconquered Sun") was the official sun god of the late Roman Empire and a later version of the god Sol.
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Sororium Tigillum
The Sororium Tigillum, which translates as the "sister's beam", was a wooden beam said to have been erected on the slope of the Oppian Hill in Ancient Rome by the father of Publius Horatius, one of the three brothers Horatii.
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Spectacles in ancient Rome
The spectacles in ancient Rome were numerous, open to all citizens and generally free of charge; some of them were distinguished by the grandeur of the stagings and cruelty. Roman festivals and spectacles in ancient Rome are ancient Roman festivals.
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Spes
Spes (Latin for "Hope") was worshipped as a goddess in ancient Roman religion.
Summanus
Summanus (Summānus) was the god of nocturnal thunder in ancient Roman religion, as counterposed to Jupiter, the god of diurnal (daylight) thunder.
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Supplicia canum
The supplicia canum ("punishment of the dogs") was an annual sacrifice of ancient Roman religion in which live dogs were suspended from a furca ("fork") or cross (crux) and paraded.
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Taurian Games
The Taurian Games (Latin Ludi Taurii or Ludi Taurei, rarely Taurilia) were games (ludi) held in ancient Rome in honor of the di inferi, the gods of the underworld.
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Tempestas
In ancient Roman religion, Tempestas (Latin tempestas: "season, weather; bad weather; storm, tempest") is a goddess of storms or sudden weather.
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Temple of Castor and Pollux
The Temple of Castor and Pollux (Tempio dei Dioscuri) is an ancient temple in the Roman Forum, Rome, Central Italy.
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Temple of Concordia, Agrigento
The Temple of Concordia (Tempio della Concordia, Greek: Ναός της Ομονοιας) is an ancient Greek temple of Magna Graecia in the Valle dei Templi (Valley of the Temples) in Agrigento (Greek: Ακραγας, Akragas) on the south coast of Sicily, Italy.
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Temple of Jupiter Invictus
The Temple of Jupiter Invictus (Latin: Aedes Iovis Invicti), sometimes known as the Temple of Jupiter Victor (Latin: Aedes Iovis Victoris), was a temple on the Palatine Hill of ancient Rome.
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Terminalia (festival)
Terminalia (Τερμινάλια) was an ancient Roman festival in honour of the god Terminus, who presided over boundaries. Roman festivals and Terminalia (festival) are ancient Roman festivals.
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Terminus (god)
In Roman religion, Terminus was the god who protected boundary markers; his name was the Latin word for such a marker.
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Terra (mythology)
In ancient Roman religion and mythology, Tellus Mater or Terra Mater ("Mother Earth") is the personification of the Earth.
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Thanksgiving
Thanksgiving is a national holiday celebrated on various dates in October and November in the United States, Canada, Saint Lucia, Liberia, and unofficially in countries like Brazil, Germany and the Philippines.
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Tiber
The Tiber (Tevere; Tiberis) is the third-longest river in Italy and the longest in Central Italy, rising in the Apennine Mountains in Emilia-Romagna and flowing through Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, where it is joined by the River Aniene, to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between Ostia and Fiumicino.
Tiber Island
Tiber Island (Isola Tiberina, Latin: Insula Tiberina) is the only river island in the part of the Tiber which runs through Rome.
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Tiberinus (god)
Tiberinus is a figure in Roman mythology.
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Transvectio equitum
The Transvectio equitum (English: "review of the cavalry") was a parade of the young men (iuventus) of the Roman equestrian class (equites) that took place annually on 15 July.
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Tubilustrium
In Ancient Rome the month of March was the traditional start of the campaign season, and the Tubilustrium was a ceremony to make the army fit for war.
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Tutelary deity
A tutelary (also tutelar) is a deity or a spirit who is a guardian, patron, or protector of a particular place, geographic feature, person, lineage, nation, culture, or occupation.
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Vejovis
Vejovis or Vejove (Vēiovis or Vēdiovis; rare Vēive or Vēdius) was a Roman god of Etruscan origins (Vetis, or Veivis).
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Velian Hill
The Velia — or Velian Hill or Velian Ridge — is a saddle or spur stretching out from the middle of the north side of the Palatine Hill towards the Oppian Hill (itself a spur of the Esquiline Hill) in Rome.
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Veneralia
The Veneralia was an ancient Roman festival celebrated April 1 (the Kalends of Aprilis) in honor of Venus Verticordia ("Venus the changer of hearts") and Fortuna Virilis ("Manly" or "Virile Fortune"). Roman festivals and Veneralia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Venus (mythology)
Venus is a Roman goddess, whose functions encompass love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory.
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Vertumnus
In Roman mythology, Vertumnus (also Vortumnus or Vertimnus) is the god of seasons, change and plant growth, as well as gardens and fruit trees.
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Vesta (mythology)
Vesta is the virgin goddess of the hearth, home, and family in Roman religion.
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Vestal Virgin
In ancient Rome, the Vestal Virgins or Vestals (Vestālēs, singular Vestālis) were priestesses of Vesta, virgin goddess of Rome's sacred hearth and its flame.
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Vestalia
Vestalia was a Roman religious festival in honor of Vesta, the goddess of the hearth and the burning continuation of the sacred fire of Rome. Roman festivals and Vestalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Via Sacra
The Via Sacra ("Sacred Street") was the main street of ancient Rome, leading from the top of the Capitoline Hill, through some of the most important religious sites of the Forum (where it is the widest street), to the Colosseum.
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Vica Pota
In ancient Roman religion, Vica Pota was a goddess whose shrine (aedes) was located at the foot of the Velian Hill, on the site of the domus of Publius Valerius Publicola.
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Victoria (mythology)
In ancient Roman religion Victoria was the deified personification of victory.
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Vinalia
The Vinalia were Roman festivals of the wine harvest, wine vintage and gardens, held in honour of Jupiter and Venus. Roman festivals and Vinalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Vitulatio
The Vitulatio was an annual thanksgiving celebrated in ancient Rome on July 8, the day after the Nonae Caprotinae and following the Poplifugia on July 5. Roman festivals and Vitulatio are ancient Roman festivals.
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Volturnalia
Volturnalia was the Roman festival on August 27 dedicated to Volturnus, 'god of the waters,' god of fountains. Roman festivals and Volturnalia are ancient Roman festivals.
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Volturnus
In Roman mythology, Volturnus was a god of the Tiber, and may have been the god of all rivers.
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Votum
In ancient Roman religion, a votum, plural vota, is a vow or promise made to a deity.
Vulcan (mythology)
Vulcan (Vulcanus, in archaically retained spelling also Volcanus, both pronounced) is the god of fire including the fire of volcanoes, deserts, metalworking and the forge in ancient Roman religion and myth.
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References
Also known as Ancient Roman festivals, Faunalia, Feriae conceptivae, Mercatus (festival), Roman Festival.
, December (Roman month), Di inferi, Di Penates, Dius Fidius, Divalia, Easter, Epona, Epulum Jovis, Equirria, Fasti, Fasti (poem), Fasting, Faunus, Februarius, Feralia, Feriae Latinae, Feronia (mythology), Fides (deity), Flamen, Flora (mythology), Floralia, Fontus, Fordicidia, Fornacalia, Fortuna, Fortuna Redux, Forum Boarium, Forum Holitorium, Founding of Rome, Furrina, Furrinalia, Gauls, Glossary of ancient Roman religion, Graecostasis, Haruspex, Hendrik Wagenvoort, Hercules in ancient Rome, Hilaria, History of Rome (Livy), Howard Hayes Scullard, Ianuarius, Ieiunium Cereris, Iunius (month), Janus, John Scheid, Jonathan Edmondson, Julian calendar, Julius Caesar, Juno (mythology), Jupiter (god), Jupiter Indiges, Juturna, King of Rome, Larentalia, Lares, Lectisternium, Lemuria (festival), Leto, Liber, Liberalia, List of ancient Roman fasti, List of Roman birth and childhood deities, Livy, Lucaria, Ludi, Ludi Apollinares, Ludi Piscatorii, Ludi Plebeii, Ludi Romani, Luna (goddess), Lupercalia, Macrobius, Maius, Mamuralia, Manes, Mania (deity), Marcus Terentius Varro, Mars (mythology), Martius (month), Mater Matuta, Matronalia, Meditrinalia, Megalesia, Mens, Mercuralia, Mercury (mythology), Minerva, Moveable feast, Nemoralia, Neptunalia, Neptune (mythology), New moon, November (Roman month), Numa Pompilius, Nymph, October (Roman month), October Horse, Opiconsivia, Ops, Ostia Antica, Ovid, Pagus, Palatine Hill, Pales, Parentalia, Parilia, Polemius Silvius, Poplifugia, Porta Capena, Porta Trigemina, Portunus (mythology), Privatus, Quinquatria, Quintilis, Quirinus, Regia, Regifugium, Religion in ancient Rome, Rex Sacrorum, Robigalia, Roman calendar, Roman consul, Roman Empire, Roman Holiday, Roman magistrate, Roman Republic, Rosalia (festival), Salii, Salus, Saturn (mythology), Saturnalia, Secular Games, Sementivae, September (Roman month), Septimontium, Sextilis, Sigillaria (ancient Rome), Skyphos, Slavery in ancient Rome, Sol (Roman mythology), Sol Invictus, Sororium Tigillum, Spectacles in ancient Rome, Spes, Summanus, Supplicia canum, Taurian Games, Tempestas, Temple of Castor and Pollux, Temple of Concordia, Agrigento, Temple of Jupiter Invictus, Terminalia (festival), Terminus (god), Terra (mythology), Thanksgiving, Tiber, Tiber Island, Tiberinus (god), Transvectio equitum, Tubilustrium, Tutelary deity, Vejovis, Velian Hill, Veneralia, Venus (mythology), Vertumnus, Vesta (mythology), Vestal Virgin, Vestalia, Via Sacra, Vica Pota, Victoria (mythology), Vinalia, Vitulatio, Volturnalia, Volturnus, Votum, Vulcan (mythology).