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Table of Contents

1. 741 relations: A1 Grand Prix, A1 Team Switzerland, Aarau, Aare, Aargau, ABB, Academic Ranking of World Universities, Act of Mediation, Aegidius Tschudi, Aerial incidents in Switzerland in World War II, Agri Decumates, Agriculture in Switzerland, Aigle, Ain, Alain Menu, Alamannia, Albanian language, Albert Einstein, Albert Rösti, Alemanni, Alemannic German, Alinghi, Allies of World War II, Alphorn, Alps, Alps conifer and mixed forests, Altdorf, Uri, America's Cup, Ancient Greek, Andreas Karlstadt, Anno Domini, Anti-nuclear movement, Appenzell (village), Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Army, Art Basel, Associated Press, ATP Finals, ATP rankings, Augusta Raurica, Auguste Piccard, Automatic firearm, Aventicum, Axis powers, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Élisabeth Baume-Schneider, Bank for International Settlements, Bank secrecy, Banking in Switzerland, ... Expand index (691 more) » « Shrink index

2. Countries and territories where German is an official language
3. Countries and territories where Italian is an official language
4. Federal republics
5. Member states of the European Free Trade Association
6. OECD members
7. States and territories established in 1848
8. Western European countries

A1 Grand Prix

A1 Grand Prix (A1GP) was a "single-make" open-wheel auto racing series that ran from 2005 until 2009.

See Switzerland and A1 Grand Prix

A1 Team Switzerland

A1 Team Switzerland was the Swiss team of A1 Grand Prix, an international racing series.

See Switzerland and A1 Team Switzerland

Aarau

Aarau is a town, a municipality, and the capital of the northern Swiss canton of Aargau.

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Aare

The Aare or Aar is the main tributary of the High Rhine (its discharge even exceeds that of the latter at their confluence) and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland.

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Aargau

Aargau, more formally the Canton of Aargau (Kanton Aargau; Chantun Argovia; Canton d'Argovie; Canton Argovia), is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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ABB

ABB Ltd. is a Swedish–Swiss multinational corporation headquartered in Västerås, Sweden, and Zürich, Switzerland.

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Academic Ranking of World Universities

The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), also known as the Shanghai Ranking, is one of the annual publications of world university rankings.

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Act of Mediation

The Act of Mediation was issued by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the French Republic on 19 February 1803 to abolish the Helvetic Republic, which had existed since the invasion of Switzerland by French troops in 1798, and replace it with the Swiss Confederation.

See Switzerland and Act of Mediation

Aegidius Tschudi

Aegidius (or Giles or Glig) Tschudi (5 February 150528 February 1572) was a Swiss statesman and historian, an eminent member of the Tschudi family of Glarus, Switzerland.

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Aerial incidents in Switzerland in World War II

During World War II, the neutral country of Switzerland underwent initially sporadic bombing and aerial combat events that became more frequent during the later stages of the war.

See Switzerland and Aerial incidents in Switzerland in World War II

Agri Decumates

The Agri Decumates or Decumates Agri ("Decumatian Fields") were a region of the Roman Empire's provinces of Germania Superior and Raetia, covering the Black Forest, Swabian Jura, and Franconian Jura areas between the Rhine, Main, and Danube rivers, in present southwestern Germany, including present Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Freiburg im Breisgau, and Weißenburg in Bayern.

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Agriculture in Switzerland

Agriculture in Switzerland, one of the economic sectors of the country, has developed since the 6th millennium BC and was the principal activity and first source of income until the 19th century.

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Aigle

Aigle (French for "eagle",; Âgllo) is a historic town and a municipality and the capital of the district of Aigle in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

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Ain

Ain (En) is a French department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, Eastern France.

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Alain Menu

Alain Menu (born 9 August 1963) is a Swiss racing driver who is currently working for Team BMR as a driving coach.

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Alamannia

Alamannia, or Alemania, was the kingdom established and inhabited by the Alemanni, a Germanic tribal confederation that had broken through the Roman limes in 213.

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Albanian language

Albanian (endonym: shqip, gjuha shqipe, or arbërisht) is an Indo-European language and the only surviving representative of the Albanoid branch, which belongs to the Paleo-Balkan group.

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Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence formula, which arises from relativity theory, has been called "the world's most famous equation".

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Albert Rösti

Albert Rösti (born 7 August 1967) is a Swiss businessman, lobbyist and politician who has been a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1 January 2023.

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Alemanni

The Alemanni or Alamanni were a confederation of Germanic tribes.

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Alemannic German

Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish (Alemannisch), is a group of High German dialects.

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Alinghi

Alinghi, or Alinghi Red Bull Racing because of the sports marketing branding by Red Bull, is the syndicate set up by Ernesto Bertarelli, racing under the colors of the Société Nautique de Genève, to challenge for the America's Cup, as well as other competitions.

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Allies of World War II

The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.

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Alphorn

The alphorn or alpenhorn or alpine horn is a labrophone, consisting of a straight several-meter-long wooden natural horn of conical bore, with a wooden cup-shaped mouthpiece.

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Alps

The Alps are one of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia.

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Alps conifer and mixed forests

The Alps conifer and mixed forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in central Europe.

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Altdorf, Uri

Altdorf is a municipality in Switzerland.

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America's Cup

The America's Cup is a sailing competition and the oldest international competition still operating in any sport.

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Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.

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Andreas Karlstadt

Andreas Rudolph Bodenstein von Karlstadt (148624 December 1541), better known as Andreas Karlstadt, Andreas Carlstadt or Karolostadt, in Latin, Carolstadius, or simply as Andreas Bodenstein, was a German Protestant theologian, University of Wittenberg chancellor, a contemporary of Martin Luther and a reformer of the early Reformation.

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Anno Domini

The terms anno Domini. (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used when designating years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars.

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Anti-nuclear movement

The anti-nuclear movement is a social movement that opposes various nuclear technologies.

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Appenzell (village)

Appenzell is a village, though considered as a town by the FSO, and the capital of the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden in Switzerland.

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Appenzell Ausserrhoden

Appenzell Ausserrhoden (Kanton Appenzell Ausserrhoden; Chantun Appenzell Dadora; Canton d'Appenzell Rhodes-Extérieures; Canton Appenzello Esterno), in English sometimes Appenzell Outer Rhodes, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Appenzell Innerrhoden

Appenzell Innerrhoden (Kanton Appenzell Innerrhoden; Chantun Appenzell Dadens; Canton d'Appenzell Rhodes-Intérieures; Canton Appenzello Interno), in English sometimes Appenzell Inner-Rhodes, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Army

An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land.

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Art Basel

Art Basel is a for-profit, privately owned and managed, international art fair staged annually in Basel (Switzerland), Miami Beach (USA), Hong Kong (China) and Paris (France).

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Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is an American not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

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ATP Finals

The ATP Finals is the season-ending championship of the ATP Tour.

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ATP rankings

The PIF ATP Rankings (previously known as the Pepperstone ATP Rankings) are the merit-based method used by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for determining the qualification for entry as well as the seeding of players in all singles and doubles tournaments.

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Augusta Raurica

Augusta Raurica is a Roman archaeological site and an open-air museum in Switzerland located on the south bank of the Rhine river about 20 km east of Basel near the villages of Augst and Kaiseraugst.

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Auguste Piccard

Auguste Antoine Piccard (28 January 1884 – 24 March 1962) was a Swiss physicist, inventor and explorer known for his record-breaking hydrogen balloon flights, with which he studied the Earth's upper atmosphere and became the first person to enter the Stratosphere.

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Automatic firearm

An automatic firearm or fully automatic firearm (to avoid confusion with semi-automatic firearms) is a self-loading firearm that continuously chambers and fires rounds when the trigger mechanism is actuated.

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Aventicum

Aventicum was the largest town and capital of Roman Switzerland (Helvetia or Civitas Helvetiorum).

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Axis powers

The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies.

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École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

The École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) is a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland.

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Élisabeth Baume-Schneider

Élisabeth Baume-Schneider (born 24 December 1963) is a Swiss politician of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (SP) and a current member of the Federal Council.

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Bank for International Settlements

The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) is an international financial institution which is owned by member central banks.

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Bank secrecy

Banking secrecy, alternatively known as financial privacy, banking discretion, or bank safety,Guex (2000), p. 240 is a conditional agreement between a bank and its clients that all foregoing activities remain secure, confidential, and private.

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Banking in Switzerland

Banking in Switzerland dates to the early 18th century through Switzerland's merchant trade and has, over the centuries, grown into a complex, regulated, and international industry.

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Barry Callebaut

Barry Callebaut AG is a Swiss-Belgian cocoa processor and chocolate manufacturer, with an average annual production of 2.3 million tonnes of cocoa & chocolate (fiscal year 2021/2022).

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Basel

Basel, also known as Basle,Bâle; Basilea; Basileia; other Basilea.

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Basel-Landschaft

Basel-Landschaft or Basel-Country, informally known as Baselland or Baselbiet (Kanton Basel-Landschaft; Chantun Basilea-Champagna; Canton de Bâle-Campagne; Canton Basilea Campagna), is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Basel-Stadt

Basel-Stadt or Basel-City (help; Chantun Basilea-Citad; Canton de Bâle-Ville; Canton Basilea Città) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Bathyscaphe

A bathyscaphe is a free-diving, self-propelled deep-sea submersible, consisting of a crew cabin similar to a Bathysphere, but suspended below a float rather than from a surface cable, as in the classic Bathysphere design.

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Battle of Bibracte

The Battle of Bibracte was fought between the Helvetii and six Roman legions, under the command of Gaius Julius Caesar.

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Battle of Marignano

The Battle of Marignano was the last major engagement of the War of the League of Cambrai and took place on 13–14 September 1515, near the town now called Melegnano, 16 km southeast of Milan.

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Battle of Näfels

The Battle of Näfels was fought on 9 April 1388 between the Swiss canton of Glarus, supported by its allies of the Old Swiss Confederation, and the Duchy of Austria ruled by the House of Habsburg.

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Battle of Sempach

The Battle of Sempach was fought on 9 July 1386, between Leopold III, Duke of Austria and the Old Swiss Confederacy.

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Büsingen am Hochrhein

Büsingen am Hochrhein (Alemannic: Büesinge am Hochrhi), often known simply as Büsingen, is a German municipality in the south of Baden-Württemberg with a population of about 1,548 inhabitants.

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Beat Jans

Beat Jans (born 12 June 1964) is a Swiss environmental scientist and politician who currently serves as a member of the Federal Council, after being elected in 2023 to succeed Alain Berset, assuming office on 1 January 2024.

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Bellinzona

Bellinzona (Ticinese Belinzóna; Bellinzone; Bellenz; Blizuna) is a municipality, a historic Swiss town, and the capital of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

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Berchtold Haller

Berchtold Haller (c. 149225 February 1536) was a German Protestant reformer.

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Bern

Bern, or Berne,Bärn; Bèrna; Berna; Berna.

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Bern Airport

Bern-Belp Regional Aerodrome, marketed as Bern Airport, officially referred to as Regionalflugplatz Bern-Belp in German, is a regional aerodrome serving Bern, the capital of Switzerland.

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Bernese Alps

The Bernese Alps (Berner Alpen, Alpes bernoises, Alpi bernesi) are a mountain range of the Alps, located in western Switzerland.

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Bernina Range

The Bernina Range is a mountain range in the Alps of eastern Switzerland and northern Italy.

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Bicameralism

Bicameralism is a type of legislature that is divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature.

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Bilateralism

Bilateralism is the conduct of political, economic, or cultural relations between two sovereign states.

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Biocapacity

The biocapacity or biological capacity of an ecosystem is an estimate of its production of certain biological materials such as natural resources, and its absorption and filtering of other materials such as carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

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Blaise Cendrars

Frédéric-Louis Sauser (1 September 1887 – 21 January 1961), better known as Blaise Cendrars, was a Swiss-born novelist and poet who became a naturalized French citizen in 1916.

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BLS AG

BLS AG is a Swiss railway company created by the 2006 merger of BLS Lötschbergbahn and Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG.

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Bobsleigh

Bobsleigh or bobsled is a winter sport in which teams of 2 to 4 athletes make timed runs down narrow, twisting, banked, iced tracks in a gravity-powered sleigh.

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Border checkpoint

A border checkpoint is a location on an international border where travelers or goods are inspected and allowed (or denied) passage through.

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Brusio

Brusio (Brus; Brüsch) is a municipality in the Bernina Region in the canton of Grisons in Switzerland.

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Buddhism

Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.

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Buddhism in Switzerland

Buddhism is a minority religion in Switzerland.

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Burgundy

Burgundy (Bourgogne; Burgundian: bourguignon) is a historical territory and former administrative region and province of east-central France.

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Byte

The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits.

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Camargue

The Camargue (also,,; Camarga) is a coastal region in southern France located south of the city of Arles, between the Mediterranean Sea and the two arms of the Rhône river delta.

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Campione d'Italia

Campione d'Italia (Italian pronunciation: kamˈpjoːne diˈtaːlja, lit. Champion of Italy), (Comasco: Campiùn) is a comune of the Province of Como in the Lombardy region of Italy and an enclave surrounded by the Swiss canton of Ticino.

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Cannabis in Switzerland

Cannabis in Switzerland is illegal, though minor possession was decriminalised to a fine in 2012.

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Canton of Bern

The canton of Bern, or Berne (Kanton Bern; canton de Berne; Chantun Berna; Canton Berna), is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Canton of Fribourg

The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg (Canton de Fribourg; Kanton Freiburg; Canton de Fribôrg Chantun Friburg; Canton Friburgo) is located in western Switzerland.

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Canton of Geneva

The Canton of Geneva, officially the Republic and Canton of Geneva, is one of the 26 cantons of the Swiss Confederation.

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Canton of Glarus

The canton of Glarus (Kanton Glarus Chantun Glaruna; Canton de Glaris; Canton Glarona) is a canton in east central Switzerland.

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Canton of Jura

The Republic and Canton of Jura (République et canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura, is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland.

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Canton of Lucerne

The canton of Lucerne (Kanton Luzern; Chantun Lucerna; Canton de Lucerne; Canton Lucerna) is a canton of Switzerland.

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Canton of Neuchâtel

The Republic and Canton of Neuchâtel (République et Canton de Neuchâtel, Kanton Neuenburg; Chantun Neuchâtel; Cantone di Neuchâtel) is a mostly French-speaking canton in western Switzerland.

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Canton of Schaffhausen

The canton of Schaffhausen, also canton of Schaffhouse (Kanton Schaffhausen; Chantun Schaffusa; Canton de Schaffhouse; Canton Sciaffusa), is the northernmost canton of Switzerland.

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Canton of Schwyz

The canton of Schwyz (Kanton Schwyz Chantun Sviz; Canton de Schwytz; Canton Svitto.) is a canton in central Switzerland between the Alps in the south, Lake Lucerne to the west and Lake Zürich in the north, centred on and named after the town of Schwyz.

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Canton of Solothurn

The canton of Solothurn or canton of Soleure (Kanton Solothurn; Chantun Soloturn; Canton de Soleure; Canton Soletta) is a canton of Switzerland.

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Canton of St. Gallen

The canton of St.

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Canton of Uri

The canton of Uri (Kanton Uri Chantun Uri; Canton d'Uri.; Canton Uri.) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation.

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Canton of Zug

The canton of Zug or Zoug (Kanton Zug, Standard German:, Alemannic German:; Chantun Zug; Canton de Zoug; Canton Zugo) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland.

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Canton of Zurich

The canton of Zurich (Kanton Zürich; Canton de Zurich.; Chantun Turitg; Canton Zurigo.) is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country.

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Cantons of Switzerland

The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the Swiss Confederation.

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Carolingian Empire

The Carolingian Empire (800–887) was a Frankish-dominated empire in Western and Central Europe during the Early Middle Ages.

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Catholic Church in Switzerland

The Catholic Church in Switzerland (Römisch-katholische Landeskirche, Église catholique en Suisse, Chiesa cattolica in Svizzera, Baselgia catolica da la Svizra) is organised into six dioceses and two territorial abbeys, comprising approximately 2.9 million Catholics, about 33.8% of the Swiss population in 2021.

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Central European Summer Time

Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC+02:00), sometimes referred to as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (CET; UTC+01:00) during the other part of the year.

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Central European Time

Central European Time (CET) is a standard time of Central, and parts of Western Europe, which is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

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Central Switzerland

Central Switzerland is the region of the Alpine Foothills geographically the heart and historically the origin of Switzerland, with the cantons of Uri, Schwyz, Obwalden, Nidwalden, Lucerne and Zug.

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CERN

The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (Conseil européen pour la Recherche nucléaire), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.

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Chancellor of Switzerland

The federal chancellor is the head of the Federal Chancellery of Switzerland, the oldest Swiss federal institution, established at the initiative of Napoleon in 1803.

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Charlemagne

Charlemagne (2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor, of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire, from 800, holding these titles until his death in 814.

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Charles Ferdinand Ramuz

Charles Ferdinand Ramuz (24 September 1878 – 23 May 1947) was a French-speaking Swiss writer.

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Charles the Bold

Charles Martin (10 November 1433 – 5 January 1477), called The Bold, was the last Duke of Burgundy from the Burgundian cadet branch of the House of Valois from 1467 to 1477.

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Chasselas

Chasselas or Chasselas blanc is a wine grape variety grown mainly in Switzerland, France, Germany, Portugal, Hungary, Romania, New Zealand, Croatia and Chile.

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Chemical industry

The chemical industry comprises the companies and other organizations that develop and produce industrial, specialty and other chemicals.

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Chiasso

Chiasso (Ciass) is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

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Chinook wind

Chinook winds, or simply Chinooks, are two types of prevailing warm, generally westerly winds in western North America: Coastal Chinooks and interior Chinooks.

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Chocolate

Chocolate or cocoa is a food made from roasted and ground cocoa seed kernels that is available as a liquid, solid, or paste, either on its own or as a flavoring agent in other foods.

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Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland

The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is an Old Catholic denomination in Switzerland.

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Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Chur

Chur ((locally) or; Coira; Cuera; Cuoira; Cuira; Coira; Cuera or Cuira; Coire)CVRIA, CVRIA RHAETORVM and CVRIA RAETORVM.

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Church tax

A church tax is a tax collected by the state from members of some religious denominations to provide financial support of churches, such as the salaries of its clergy and to pay the operating cost of the church.

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Cisalpine Republic

The Cisalpine Republic (Repubblica Cisalpina) was a sister republic of France in Northern Italy that existed from 1797 to 1799, with a second version until 1802.

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Citizen legislature

A citizen legislature is a legislative chamber made up primarily of citizens who have a full-time occupation besides being a legislator.

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Clay Regazzoni

Gianclaudio Giuseppe "Clay" Regazzoni (5 September 1939 – 15 December 2006) was a Swiss racing driver.

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Climate change

In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system.

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Clovis I

Clovis (Chlodovechus; reconstructed Frankish: *Hlōdowig; – 27 November 511) was the first king of the Franks to unite all of the Franks under one ruler, changing the form of leadership from a group of petty kings to rule by a single king and ensuring that the kingship was passed down to his heirs.

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Coins of the Swiss franc

The coins of the Swiss franc are the official coins used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, that started in 1947, two years after the end of World War II, and lasted until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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Common Era

Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era.

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Conching

Conche (in the Imhoff-Schokoladenmuseum) Conching is a process used in the manufacture of chocolate whereby a surface scraping mixer and agitator, known as a conche, evenly distributes cocoa butter within chocolate and may act as a "polisher" of the particles.

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Confederation

A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a political union of sovereign states or communities united for purposes of common action.

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Confidence interval

Informally, in frequentist statistics, a confidence interval (CI) is an interval which is expected to typically contain the parameter being estimated.

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Congress of Vienna

The Congress of Vienna of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.

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Conrad Grebel

Conrad Grebel (– 1526) was a co-founder of the Swiss Brethren movement.

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Conscription in Switzerland

Switzerland has mandatory military service (Militärdienst; service militaire; servizio militare) in the Swiss Army for all able-bodied male citizens, who are conscripted when they reach the age of majority.

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Consociationalism

Consociationalism is a form of democratic power sharing.

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Constitution of the United States

The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States.

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Constitutional amendment

A constitutional amendment is a modification of the constitution of a polity, organization or other type of entity.

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Coop (Switzerland)

Coop is one of Switzerland's largest retail and wholesale companies.

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Cooperative

A cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically-controlled enterprise".

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Cornol

Cornol is a municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

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Corruption Perceptions Index

The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index that scores and ranks countries by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as assessed by experts and business executives.

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Cost of living

The cost of living is the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living for an individual or a household.

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Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe, CdE) is an international organisation with the goal of upholding human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.

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Council of States (Switzerland)

The Council of States is the upper house of the Federal Assembly, and the lower house being the National Council.

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Court of Arbitration for Sport

The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS; Tribunal arbitral du sport, TAS) is an international body established in 1984 to settle disputes related to sport through arbitration.

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Credit Suisse

Credit Suisse Group AG is a global investment bank and financial services firm founded and based in Switzerland as a standalone firm but now a subsidiary of UBS.

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Culture of Europe

The culture of Europe is diverse, and rooted in its art, architecture, traditions, cuisines, music, folklore, embroidery, film, literature, economics, philosophy and religious customs.

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Currency union

A currency union (also known as monetary union) is an intergovernmental agreement that involves two or more states sharing the same currency.

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Dairy product

Dairy products or milk products, also known as lacticinia, are food products made from (or containing) milk.

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Daniel Peter

Daniel Peter (9 March 1836 – 4 November 1919) was a Swiss chocolatier and entrepreneur who founded Peter's Chocolate.

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Davis Cup

The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men's tennis.

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Davos

Davos (or; help; Old Tavate) is an Alpine resort town and a municipality in the Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland.

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De jure

In law and government, de jure describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality.

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Delémont

Delémont (D'lémont; Delsberg) is the capital of the Swiss canton of Jura.

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Developed country

A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.

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Diazepam

Diazepam, sold under the brand name Valium among others, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that acts as an anxiolytic.

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Didier Cuche

Didier Cuche (born 16 August 1974) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from Switzerland.

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Diglossia

In linguistics, diglossia is a situation in which two dialects or languages are used (in fairly strict compartmentalization) by a single language community.

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Direct democracy

Direct democracy or pure democracy is a form of democracy in which the electorate decides on policy initiatives without elected representatives as proxies.

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Directorial system

A directorial republic is a country ruled by a college of several people who jointly exercise the powers of a head of state and/or a head of government.

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Dominique Aegerter

Dominique Aegerter (born 30 September 1990) is a Swiss professional circuit racer of solo motorcycles, competing in World superbike Championship.

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Double majority

A double majority is a voting system which requires a majority of votes according to two separate criteria.

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Dublin Regulation

The Dublin Regulation (Regulation No. 604/2013; sometimes the Dublin III Regulation; previously the Dublin II Regulation and Dublin Convention) is a Regulation of the European Union that determines which EU member state is responsible for the examination of an application for asylum, submitted by persons seeking international protection under the Geneva Convention and the Qualification Directive, within the European Union.

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Duchy of Austria

The Duchy of Austria (Herzogtum Österreich) was a medieval principality of the Holy Roman Empire, established in 1156 by the Privilegium Minus, when the Margraviate of Austria (Ostarrîchi) was detached from Bavaria and elevated to a duchy in its own right.

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Duchy of Burgundy

The Duchy of Burgundy (Ducatus Burgundiae; Duché de Bourgogne) emerged in the 9th century as one of the successors of the ancient Kingdom of the Burgundians, which after its conquest in 532 had formed a constituent part of the Frankish Empire.

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Duden

The Duden is a dictionary of the Standard High German language, first published by Konrad Duden in 1880, and later by Bibliographisches Institut GmbH, which was merged into Cornelsen Verlag in 2022 and thus ceased to exist.

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Early Middle Ages

The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century.

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Early modern Switzerland

The early modern history of the Old Swiss Confederacy (Eidgenossenschaft, also known as the "Swiss Republic" or Republica Helvetiorum) and its constituent Thirteen Cantons encompasses the time of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) until the French invasion of 1798.

See Switzerland and Early modern Switzerland

Ease of doing business index

The ease of doing business index was an index created jointly by Simeon Djankov, Michael Klein, and Caralee McLiesh, three leading economists at the World Bank Group, following the release of World Development Report 2002.

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East Francia

East Francia (Latin: Francia orientalis) or the Kingdom of the East Franks (Regnum Francorum orientalium) was a successor state of Charlemagne's empire ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911.

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Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.

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Eastern Orthodoxy

Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.

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Ecological footprint

The ecological footprint measures human demand on natural capital, i.e. the quantity of nature it takes to support people and their economies.

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Economy of Switzerland

The Economy of Switzerland is one of the world's most advanced and a highly-developed free market economy.

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Edmond H. Fischer

Edmond Henri Fischer (April 6, 1920 – August 27, 2021) was a Swiss-American biochemist.

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Eidgenossenschaft

Eidgenossenschaft is a German word specific to the political history of Switzerland.

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Eiger

The Eiger is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Grindelwald and Lauterbrunnen in the Bernese Oberland of Switzerland, just north of the main watershed and border with Valais.

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Elisabeth Kopp

Anna Elisabeth Kopp (16 December 1936 – 7 April 2023) was a Swiss politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP).

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Emmental

The Emmental (Emme Valley) is a valley in west-central Switzerland, forming part of the canton of Bern.

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Emmental cheese

Emmental, Emmentaler, or Emmenthal is a yellow, medium-hard cheese that originated in the Emme valley, Switzerland.

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Enclave and exclave

An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity.

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Engadin

The Engadin or Engadine (help;This is the name in the two Romansh idioms that are spoken in the Engadin, Vallader and Puter, as well as in Sursilvan and Rumantsch Grischun. In Surmiran, the name is Nagiadegna, and in Sutsilvan, it is Gidegna. help; Engadina; Engadine) is a long high Alpine valley region in the eastern Swiss Alps in the canton of Graubünden in southeasternmost Switzerland with about 25,000 inhabitants.

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Environmental Integrity Group

The Environmental Integrity Group (EIG) is a negotiation group consisting of 6 parties to the UNFCCC.

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Environmental Performance Index

The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a method of quantifying and numerically marking the environmental performance of a state's policies.

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ETH Zurich

ETH Zurich (Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Federal Institute of Technology Zurich) is a public research university in Zürich, Switzerland.

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Etruscan civilization

The Etruscan civilization was an ancient civilization created by the Etruscans, a people who inhabited Etruria in ancient Italy, with a common language and culture who formed a federation of city-states.

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EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg

EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg IATA airport 3-letter codes for the French area, the Swiss area, and the metropolitan area is an international airport in the administrative commune of Saint-Louis, in the French Alsace part of the Trinational Eurodistrict of Basel.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is an agency of the European Union (EU) whose mission is to strengthen Europe's defences against infectious diseases.

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European Economic Area

The European Economic Area (EEA) was established via the Agreement on the European Economic Area, an international agreement which enables the extension of the European Union's single market to member states of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

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European Free Trade Association

The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is a regional trade organization and free trade area consisting of four European states: Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.

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European single market

The European single market, also known as the European internal market or the European common market, is the single market comprising mainly the member states of the European Union (EU).

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European Space Agency

The European Space Agency (ESA) is a 22-member intergovernmental body devoted to space exploration.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Eurostat

Eurostat ('European Statistical Office'; DG ESTAT) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in the Kirchberg quarter of Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.

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Eurozone

The euro area, commonly called the eurozone (EZ), is a currency union of 20 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender, and have thus fully implemented EMU policies.

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Extrapolation

In mathematics, extrapolation is a type of estimation, beyond the original observation range, of the value of a variable on the basis of its relationship with another variable.

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Fachhochschule

A (plural), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, technology, business, architecture, design, and industrial design.

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Federal administration of Switzerland

The federal administration of Switzerland is the ensemble of agencies that constitute, together with the Swiss Federal Council, the executive branch of the Swiss federal authorities.

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Federal Administrative Court (Switzerland)

The Federal Administrative Court of Switzerland (Bundesverwaltungsgericht, Tribunal administratif fédéral, Tribunale amministrativo federale; Tribunal administrative federal) is a Swiss federal court.

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Federal Assembly (Switzerland)

The Federal Assembly is the federal bicameral parliament of Switzerland.

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Federal budget of Switzerland

The Swiss federal budget (schweizer Bundesbudget) refers to the annual revenue (money received) and expenditures (money spent) of the Swiss Confederation.

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Federal Charter of 1291

The Federal Charter or Letter of Alliance (Bundesbrief) is one of the earliest constitutional documents of Switzerland.

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Federal Council (Switzerland)

The Federal Council is the federal cabinet of the Swiss Confederation.

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Federal Criminal Court of Switzerland

The Federal Criminal Court, (Bundesstrafgericht; Tribunal pénal féderal; Tribunale penale federale; Tribunal penal federal) is a Swiss federal court.

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Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research

The Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (EAER, Eidgenössisches Departement für Wirtschaft, Bildung und Forschung; Département fédéral de l'économie, de la formation et de la recherche; Dipartimento federale dell'economia, della formazione e della ricerca) is one of the seven departments of the federal government of Switzerland, headed by a Member of the Swiss Federal Council.

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Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications

The Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC, Eidgenössisches Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation, Département fédéral de l'environnement, des transports, de l'énergie et des communications, Dipartimento federale dell'ambiente, dei trasporti, dell'energia e delle comunicazioni, Departament federal per ambient, traffic, energia e communicaziun) is one of the seven departments of the Swiss federal government, headed by a member of the Swiss Federal Council.

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Federal Department of Foreign Affairs

The Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA, Eidgenössisches Departement für auswärtige Angelegenheiten, Département fédéral des affaires étrangères, Dipartimento federale degli affari esteri, Departament federal d’affars exteriurs), so named since 1979, is one of the seven Departments of the Swiss government federal administration of Switzerland, and corresponds in its range of tasks to the ministry of foreign affairs in other countries.

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Federal Palace of Switzerland

The Federal Palace is a building in Bern housing the Swiss Federal Assembly (legislature) and the Federal Council (executive).

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Federal Patent Court (Switzerland)

The Swiss Federal Patent Court is a Swiss federal court competent for particular legal matters, such as patent cases.

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Federal republic

A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government. Switzerland and federal republic are federal republics.

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Federal Statistical Office (Switzerland)

The Federal Statistical Office (FSO) is a Federal agency of the Swiss Confederation.

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Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland

The Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland (Bundesgericht, Tribunal fédéral, Tribunale federale, Tribunal federal) is the supreme court of the Swiss Confederation and at the head of the Swiss judiciary.

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Federal Treaty

The Federal Treaty (German: Bundesvertrag, French: Pacte fédéral, Italian: Patto federale) was the legal foundation for the new Swiss Confederacy of 1815.

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Federalism

Federalism is a mode of government that combines a general government (the central or federal government) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial, or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system, dividing the powers between the two.

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Federated state

A federated state (also state, province, region, canton, land, governorate, oblast, emirate, or country) is a territorial and constitutional community forming part of a federation.

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Felix Manz

Felix Manz (also Felix Mantz) (c. 1498 – 5 January 1527) was an Anabaptist, a co-founder of the original Swiss Brethren congregation in Zürich, Switzerland, and an early martyr of the Radical Reformation.

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FIBA

The International Basketball Federation (FIBA; French: Fédération Internationale de Basketball) is an association of national organizations which governs the sport of basketball worldwide.

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FIFA

The Fédération Internationale de Football Association, more commonly known by its acronym FIFA, is the international self-regulatory governing body of association football, beach soccer, and futsal.

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Firearms regulation in Switzerland

Firearms regulation in Switzerland allows the acquisition of semi-automatic, and – with a may-issue permit – fully automatic firearms, by Swiss citizens and foreigners with or without permanent residence.

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First War of Villmergen

The First War of Villmergen was a Swiss religious war which lasted from 5 January until 7 March 1656, at the time of the Old Swiss Confederacy.

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FIS Alpine World Ski Championships

The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships is an alpine skiing competition organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS).

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Foehn wind

A Foehn, or Föhn, is a type of dry, relatively warm downslope wind that occurs in the lee (downwind side) of a mountain range.

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Fondue

Fondue is a Swiss melted cheese and wine dish served in a communal pot (''caquelon'' or fondue pot) over a portable stove (réchaud) heated with a candle or spirit lamp, and eaten by dipping bread and sometimes vegetables into the cheese using long-stemmed forks.

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Food prices

Food prices refer to the average price level for food across countries, regions and on a global scale.

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Football in Switzerland

Football is the most popular sport in Switzerland.

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Forest Landscape Integrity Index

The Forest Landscape Integrity Index (FLII) is an annual global index of forest condition measured by degree of anthropogenic modification.

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Francia

The Kingdom of the Franks (Regnum Francorum), also known as the Frankish Kingdom, the Frankish Empire (Imperium Francorum) or Francia, was the largest post-Roman barbarian kingdom in Western Europe.

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Francis II of the Two Sicilies

Francis II (Neapolitan and Francesco II, christened Francesco d'Assisi Maria Leopoldo; Francischieddu; 16 January 1836 – 27 December 1894) was King of the Two Sicilies.

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Franco-Provençal

Franco-Provençal (also Francoprovençal, Patois or Arpitan) is a language within the Gallo-Romance family, originally spoken in east-central France, western Switzerland and northwestern Italy.

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Franco-Prussian War

The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Frauenfeld

Frauenfeld (Alemannic: Frauefäld) is the capital of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

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Free Democratic Party of Switzerland

The Free Democratic Party (Freisinnig-Demokratische Partei, FDP; Partida liberaldemocrata svizra, PLD), also called Radical Democratic Party (Parti radical-démocratique, PRD; Partito liberale-radicale svizzero, PLR) was a liberal political party in Switzerland.

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Freedom of speech

Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.

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Freedom of the press

Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely.

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French Army

The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (Armée de terre), is the principal land warfare force of France, and the largest component of the French Armed Forces; it is responsible to the Government of France, alongside the French Navy, French Air and Space Force, and the National Gendarmerie.

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French language

French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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French Revolution

The French Revolution was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.

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Fribourg

italics is the capital of the Swiss canton of Fribourg and district of La Sarine.

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Friedrich Dürrenmatt

Friedrich Dürrenmatt (5 January 1921 – 14 December 1990) was a Swiss author and dramatist.

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Friendly fire

In military terminology, friendly fire or fratricide is an attack by belligerent or neutral forces on friendly troops while attempting to attack enemy or hostile targets.

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Fukushima nuclear accident

The Fukushima nuclear accident was a major nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Ōkuma, Fukushima, Japan which began on 11 March 2011.

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Galileo (satellite navigation)

Galileo is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that went live in 2016, created by the European Union through the European Space Agency (ESA), operated by the European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA), headquartered in Prague, Czechia, with two ground operations centres in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, mostly responsible for the control of the satellites, and in Fucino, Italy, mostly responsible for providing the navigation data.

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Gallia Belgica

Gallia Belgica ("Belgic Gaul") was a province of the Roman Empire located in the north-eastern part of Roman Gaul, in what is today primarily northern France, Belgium, and Luxembourg, along with parts of the Netherlands and Germany.

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Gaul

Gaul (Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first clearly described by the Romans, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy.

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Gauls

The Gauls (Galli; Γαλάται, Galátai) were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD).

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Gächlingen

Gächlingen is a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland.

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General (Switzerland)

The General (Der General, le général, il generale, il general) is an office and rank in the armed forces of Switzerland.

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Geneva

Geneva (Genève)Genf; Ginevra; Genevra.

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Geneva Airport

Geneva Airport (Aéroport de Genève), formerly and still unofficially known as Cointrin Airport (Aéroport de Cointrin), is an international airport of Geneva, the second most populous city in Switzerland.

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Geneva Conventions

language.

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Geothermal energy

Geothermal energy is thermal energy extracted from the Earth's crust.

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Germaine de Staël

Anne Louise Germaine de Staël-Holstein (22 April 176614 July 1817), commonly known as Madame de Staël, was a prominent philosopher, woman of letters, and political theorist in both Parisian and Genevan intellectual circles.

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German language

German (Standard High German: Deutsch) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western and Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol.

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Germania Superior

Germania Superior ("Upper Germania") was an imperial province of the Roman Empire.

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Germanic peoples

The Germanic peoples were tribal groups who once occupied Northwestern and Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages.

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Gini coefficient

In economics, the Gini coefficient, also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality, the wealth inequality, or the consumption inequality within a nation or a social group.

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Glacier Express

The Glacier Express is a direct train connecting railway stations of the two major mountain resorts of Zermatt and St. Moritz via Andermatt in the central Swiss Alps.

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Glarus

Glarus (Glaris; Glaris; Glarona; Glaruna) is the capital of the canton of Glarus in Switzerland.

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Glencore

Glencore plc is a Swiss multinational commodity trading and mining company with headquarters in Baar, Switzerland.

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Global city

A global city, also known as a power city, world city, alpha city, or world center, is a city that serves as a primary node in the global economic network. The concept originates from geography and urban studies, based on the thesis that globalization has created a hierarchy of strategic geographic locations with varying degrees of influence over finance, trade, and culture worldwide.

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Global Competitiveness Report

The Global Competitiveness Report (GCR) was a yearly report published by the World Economic Forum.

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Global Innovation Index

The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).

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Globalization and World Cities Research Network

The Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) is a think tank that studies the relationships between world cities in the context of globalization.

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Gottfried Keller

Gottfried Keller (19 July 1819 – 15 July 1890) was a Swiss poet and writer of German literature.

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Gotthard Base Tunnel

The Gotthard Base Tunnel (GBT; Gotthard-Basistunnel, Galleria di base del San Gottardo, Tunnel da basa dal Sogn Gottard) is a railway tunnel through the Alps in Switzerland.

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Government spending

Government spending or expenditure includes all government consumption, investment, and transfer payments.

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Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement, abbreviated IHEID), also known as the Geneva Graduate Institute, is a public-private graduate-level university located in Geneva, Switzerland.

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Grand Prix motorcycle racing

Grand Prix motorcycle racing is the highest class of motorcycle road racing events held on road circuits sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM).

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Grand Slam (tennis)

The Grand Slam in tennis is the achievement of winning all four major championships in one discipline in a calendar year.

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Green Party of Switzerland

The Green Party of Switzerland (GRÜNE Schweiz; Les VERT-E-S suisses; VERDI svizzeri; VERDA svizra) is a green political party in Switzerland.

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Greenhouse gas emissions

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities intensify the greenhouse effect.

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Grimm–Hoffmann affair

The Grimm–Hoffmann affair was a short-lived scandal that threatened Switzerland's neutrality during World War I. Robert Grimm, a socialist politician, travelled to the Russian Republic as an activist to negotiate a separate peace between Russia and the German Empire, in order to end the war on the Eastern Front in the interests of socialism.

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Grisons

The Grisons or Graubünden,Names include.

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Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy

The Old Swiss Confederacy began as a late medieval alliance between the communities of the valleys in the Central Alps, at the time part of the Holy Roman Empire, to facilitate the management of common interests such as free trade and to ensure the peace along the important trade routes through the mountains.

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Gruyère cheese

Gruyère (Greyerzer) is a hard Swiss cheese that originated in the cantons of Fribourg, Vaud, Neuchâtel, Jura, and Berne in Switzerland.

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Gruyères

Gruyères (Gruviéres; Fribourgeois: Grevire; Greyerz) is a town in the district of Gruyère in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland.

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Gunvor

Gunvor Group Ltd is a multinational energy commodities trading company registered in Cyprus, with its main trading office in Geneva, Switzerland.

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Guy Parmelin

Guy Bernard Parmelin (born 9 November 1959) is a Swiss Federal Councillor and head of the Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research.

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Habsburg monarchy

The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm, was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg.

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Hallstatt culture

The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western and Central European archaeological culture of the Late Bronze Age (Hallstatt A, Hallstatt B) from the 12th to 8th centuries BC and Early Iron Age Europe (Hallstatt C, Hallstatt D) from the 8th to 6th centuries BC, developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC (Late Bronze Age) and followed in much of its area by the La Tène culture.

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Hans Denck

Hans Denck (– November 27, 1527) was a German theologian and Anabaptist leader during the Reformation.

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Head of state

A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona of a sovereign state.

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Headquarters of the United Nations

The headquarters of the United Nations (UN) is on of grounds in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of Midtown Manhattan in New York City.

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Health insurance

Health insurance or medical insurance (also known as medical aid in South Africa) is a type of insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical expenses.

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Heidi

Heidi is a work of children's fiction published between 1880 and 1881 by Swiss author Johanna Spyri, originally published in two parts as Heidi: Her Years of Wandering and Learning (Heidis Lehr- und Wanderjahre) and Heidi: How She Used What She Learned (Heidi kann brauchen, was es gelernt hat).

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Heinrich Bullinger

Heinrich Bullinger (18 July 1504 – 17 September 1575) was a Swiss Reformer and theologian, the successor of Huldrych Zwingli as head of the Church of Zürich and a pastor at the Grossmünster.

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Heinrich Rohrer

Heinrich Rohrer (6 June 1933 – 16 May 2013) was a Swiss physicist who shared half of the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics with Gerd Binnig for the design of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM).

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Helvetia

Helvetia is a national personification of Switzerland, officially Confoederatio Helvetica, the Swiss Confederation.

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Helvetic Republic

The Helvetic Republic was a sister republic of France that existed between 1798 and 1803, during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Helvetica

Helvetica, also known by its original name Neue Haas Grotesk, is a widely used sans-serif typeface developed in 1957 by Swiss typeface designer Max Miedinger and Eduard Hoffmann.

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Helvetii

The Helvetii (Gaulish: *Heluētī), anglicized as Helvetians, were a Celtic tribe or tribal confederation occupying most of the Swiss plateau at the time of their contact with the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC.

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Helvetism

Helvetisms (Neo-Latin Helvetia "Switzerland" and -ism) are features distinctive of Swiss Standard German, that distinguish it from Standard German.

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Henri Guisan

Henri Guisan (21 October 1874 – 7 April 1960) was a Swiss military officer who held the office of General of the Swiss Armed Forces during the Second World War.

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Herisau

Herisau is a municipality and the capital of the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden in Switzerland.

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Hillclimbing

Hillclimbing, also known as hill climbing, speed hillclimbing, or speed hill climbing, is a branch of motorsport in which drivers compete against the clock to complete an uphill course.

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Hinduism

Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide.

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Hinduism in Switzerland

Hinduism is a minority religion practised by 0.6% of the population of Switzerland.

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Historical Dictionary of Switzerland

The Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse; DHS) is an encyclopedia on the history of Switzerland.

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History of Switzerland

Since 1848 the Swiss Confederation has been a federal republic of relatively autonomous cantons, some of which have a history of federation that goes back more than 700 years, putting them among the world's oldest surviving republics.

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History of the Jews in Switzerland

The history of the Jews in Switzerland extends back at least a thousand years.

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Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum, Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period (Imperator Germanorum, Roman-German emperor), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.

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Holy See

The Holy See (url-status,; Santa Sede), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the pope in his role as the Bishop of Rome.

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Hornussen

Hornussen is an indigenous Swiss sport.

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House of Habsburg

The House of Habsburg (Haus Habsburg), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.

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House of Savoy

The House of Savoy (Casa Savoia) is an Italian royal house (formally a dynasty) that was established in 1003 in the historical Savoy region.

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House of Zähringen

The House of Zähringen (Zähringer) was a dynasty of Swabian nobility.

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Huldrych Zwingli

Huldrych or Ulrich Zwingli (1 January 1484 – 11 October 1531) was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland, born during a time of emerging Swiss patriotism and increasing criticism of the Swiss mercenary system.

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Human Development Index

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.

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Hydroelectricity

Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power).

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Hydropower

Hydropower (from Ancient Greek -, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines.

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Ice hockey

Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an ice skating rink with lines and markings specific to the sport.

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Ignazio Cassis

Ignazio Daniele Giovanni Cassis (born 13 April 1961) is a Swiss physician and politician who has been a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 1 November 2017.

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Imperial immediacy

In the Holy Roman Empire, imperial immediacy (Reichsunmittelbarkeit or Reichsfreiheit) was the status of an individual or a territory which was defined as 'immediate' (unmittelbar) to Emperor and Empire (Kaiser und Reich) and not to any other intermediate authorities, while one that did not possess that status was defined as 'mediate' (mittelbar).

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Incineration

Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of substances contained in waste materials.

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Index of Economic Freedom

The Index of Economic Freedom is an annual index and ranking created in 1995 by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal to measure the degree of economic freedom in the world's nations.

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Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a period of global transition of the human economy towards more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes that succeeded the Agricultural Revolution.

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Inn (river)

The Inn (Aenus; En) is a river in Switzerland, Austria and Germany.

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Instrumentation

Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities.

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International Committee of the Red Cross

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, and is a three-time Nobel Prize laureate.

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International Handball Federation

The International Handball Federation (IHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball.

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International Ice Hockey Federation

The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF; Fédération internationale de hockey sur glace; Internationale Eishockey-Föderation) is a worldwide governing body for ice hockey.

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International Institute for Management Development

International Institute for Management Development (IMD) is an independent academic institute with campuses in Lausanne, Switzerland and Singapore.

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International Labour Organization

The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice by setting international labour standards.

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International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability.

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International Olympic Committee

The International Olympic Committee (IOC; Comité international olympique, CIO) is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland.

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International organization

An international organization, also known as an intergovernmental organization or an international institution, is an organization that is established by a treaty or other type of instrument governed by international law and possesses its own legal personality, such as the United Nations, the World Health Organization, International Union for Conservation of Nature, and NATO.

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International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) is a non-partisan federation of national medical groups in 63 countries, representing doctors, medical students, other health workers, and concerned people who share the goal of creating a more peaceful and secure world free from the threat of nuclear annihilation.

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International rankings of Switzerland

These are the international rankings of Switzerland.

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International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

The organized International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a humanitarian movement with approximately 16million volunteers, members, and staff worldwide.

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International Telecommunication Union

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU)French: Union Internationale des Télécommunications is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information and communication technologies.

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Invasion of Poland

The Invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, War of Poland of 1939, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II.

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Inversion (meteorology)

In meteorology, an inversion (or temperature inversion) is a phenomenon in which a layer of warmer air overlies cooler air.

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Iron Age

The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age.

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Irreligion

Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices.

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Islam in Switzerland

Islam in Switzerland has mostly arrived via immigration since the late 20th century.

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ISO 4217

ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual currencies and their minor units.

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Italian language

Italian (italiano,, or lingua italiana) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire.

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Jacques Dubochet

Jacques Dubochet (born 8 June 1942) is a retired Swiss biophysicist.

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Jacques Piccard

Jacques Piccard (28 July 19221 November 2008) was a Swiss oceanographer and engineer, known for having developed underwater submarines for studying ocean currents.

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher (philosophe), writer, and composer.

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Jeremias Gotthelf

Albert Bitzius (4 October 179722 October 1854) was a Swiss novelist, best known by his pen name of Jeremias Gotthelf.

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Jo Siffert

Joseph Siffert (7 July 1936 – 24 October 1971) was a Swiss racing driver.

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Joachim Vadian

Joachim Vadian (29 November 1484 – 6 April 1551), born as Joachim von Watt, was a humanist, scholar, mayor and reformer in the free city of St. Gallen.

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Johanna Spyri

Johanna Louise Spyri (12 June 1827 – 7 July 1901) was a Swiss author of novels, notably children's stories.

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Johannes Oecolampadius

Johannes Oecolampadius (also Œcolampadius, in German also Oekolampadius, Oekolampad; 1482 – 24 November 1531) was a German Protestant reformer in the Calvinist tradition from the Electoral Palatinate.

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John Calvin

John Calvin (Jehan Cauvin; Jean Calvin; 10 July 150927 May 1564) was a French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation.

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Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.

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Jungfrau

The Jungfrau ("maiden, virgin"), at is one of the main summits of the Bernese Alps, located between the northern canton of Bern and the southern canton of Valais, halfway between Interlaken and Fiesch.

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Jura Mountains

The Jura Mountains are a sub-alpine mountain range a short distance north of the Western Alps and mainly demarcate a long part of the French–Swiss border.

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Kaiseraugst

Kaiseraugst (Swiss German: Chhäiseraugscht) is a municipality in the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Karin Keller-Sutter

Karin Keller-Sutter (born 22 December 1963) is a Swiss politician who has served as a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2019.

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Kingdom of Burgundy

Kingdom of Burgundy was a name given to various states located in Western Europe during the Middle Ages.

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Koblenz, Switzerland

Koblenz (or Coblenz) is a town and municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Kurt Wüthrich

Kurt Wüthrich (born 4 October 1938 in Aarberg, Canton of Bern) is a Swiss chemist/biophysicist and Nobel Chemistry laureate, known for developing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods for studying biological macromolecules.

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Kyburg family

The Kyburg family (also Kiburg) was a noble family of grafen (counts) in the Duchy of Swabia, a cadet line of the counts of Dillingen, who in the late 12th and early 13th centuries ruled the County of Kyburg, corresponding to much of what is now Northeastern Switzerland.

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Kyoto Protocol

The was an international treaty which extended the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that global warming is occurring and that human-made CO2 emissions are driving it.

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La Tène culture

The La Tène culture was a European Iron Age culture.

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Labour economics

Labour economics, or labor economics, seeks to understand the functioning and dynamics of the markets for wage labour.

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Lago di Lei

Lago di Lei (Lombard: Lach de Lei) is a reservoir in the Valle di Lei, powering the Hinterrhein storage power stations.

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Lake Constance

Lake Constance (Bodensee) refers to three bodies of water on the Rhine at the northern foot of the Alps: Upper Lake Constance (Obersee), Lower Lake Constance (Untersee), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein.

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Lake Geneva

Lake Geneva (Léman, lac Léman, rarely lac de Genève; Lago Lemano; Genfersee; Lai da Genevra) is a deep lake on the north side of the Alps, shared between Switzerland and France.

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Lake Lucerne

Lake Lucerne (Vierwaldstättersee, literally 'Lake of the four forested settlements' (in English usually translated as forest cantons), lac des Quatre-Cantons, lago dei Quattro Cantoni) is a lake in central Switzerland and the fourth largest in the country.

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Lake Maggiore

Lake Maggiore (Lago Maggiore; Lagh Maggior; Lagh Magior; literally 'greater lake') or Verbano (Lacus Verbanus) is a large lake located on the south side of the Alps.

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Lake Neuchâtel

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Landeskirche

In Germany and Switzerland, a Landeskirche (plural: Landeskirchen) is the church of a region.

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Landlocked country

A landlocked country is a country that does not have any territory connected to an ocean or whose coastlines lie solely on endorheic basins. Switzerland and landlocked country are landlocked countries.

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Landsgemeinde

The Landsgemeinde ("cantonal assembly";, plural Landsgemeinden) is a public, non-secret ballot voting system operating by majority rule, which constitutes one of the oldest forms of direct democracy.

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Languages of Switzerland

The four national languages of Switzerland are German, French, Italian, and Romansh.

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Late Middle Ages

The late Middle Ages or late medieval period was the period of European history lasting from AD 1300 to 1500.

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Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Lausanne

Lausanne (Losena) is the capital and largest city of the Swiss French-speaking canton of Vaud.

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Lauterbrunnen

Lauterbrunnen is a village and municipality in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

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Lavaux

Lavaux is a region in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, in the district of Lavaux-Oron.

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Law of war

The law of war is a component of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war (jus ad bellum) and the conduct of hostilities (jus in bello).

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Le Temps

Le Temps is a Swiss French-language daily newspaper published in Berliner format in Geneva by Le Temps SA.

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League of Nations

The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.

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Legal status of cocaine

The legal status of cocaine varies worldwide.

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Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein, officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein), is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in the Central European Alps, between Austria in the east and north and Switzerland in the west and south. Switzerland and Liechtenstein are countries and territories where German is an official language, landlocked countries, member states of the European Free Trade Association, member states of the United Nations and western European countries.

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Liestal

Liestal (Standard), formerly spelled Liesthal, is the capital of Liestal District and the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland, south of Basel.

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Life sciences industry in Switzerland

The life sciences industry in Switzerland directly and indirectly employs about 135,000 people.

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Lingua franca

A lingua franca (for plurals see), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups of people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both of the speakers' native languages.

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List of Christian denominations

A Christian denomination is a distinct religious body within Christianity, identified by traits such as a name, organization and doctrine.

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List of cities in Switzerland

Below is a list of towns and cities in Switzerland.

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List of countries by current account balance as percentage of GDP

This article includes a list of countries of the world sorted by current account balance as a percentage of gross domestic product (nominal GDP).

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List of countries by exports

The following article lists different countries and territories by their exports according to data from the World Bank.

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List of countries by exports per capita

This is a list of countries by exports per capita.

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List of countries by GDP (nominal)

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.

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List of countries by GDP (PPP)

GDP (PPP) means gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity.

See Switzerland and List of countries by GDP (PPP)

List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

A country's gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year.

See Switzerland and List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

List of countries by wealth per adult

This is a list of countries of the world by wealth per adult or household, from sources such as UBS's annual Global Wealth Databook See table 3-1 for all countries, on pages 123-126, for mean and median wealth, Gini coefficient, distribution of adults (%) by wealth range, and number of adults.

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List of European countries by membership in international organisations

This list depicts the membership of European countries in selected international organisations and treaties.

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List of longest tunnels

This list of longest tunnels ranks tunnels that are at least long.

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List of sovereign states by immigrant and emigrant population

These are lists of countries by foreign-born population (immigrants) and lists of countries by number native-born persons living in a foreign country (emigrants).

See Switzerland and List of sovereign states by immigrant and emigrant population

List of sovereign states by tax revenue to GDP ratio

This article lists countries alphabetically, with total tax revenue as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) for the listed countries.

See Switzerland and List of sovereign states by tax revenue to GDP ratio

List of universities in Switzerland

This list of universities in Switzerland lists all public and private higher education institutions accredited and coordinated according the Federal Act on Funding and Coordination of the Swiss Higher Education Sector (short: Federal Higher Education Act, HEdA).

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List of valleys of the Alps

The main valleys of the Alps, orographically by drainage basin.

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Loanword

A loanword (also a loan word, loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing.

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Locarno Film Festival

The Locarno Film Festival is a major international film festival, held annually in Locarno, Switzerland.

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Lombard language

The Lombard language (native name: lombard,Classical Milanese orthography, and. lumbard,Ticinese orthography. lumbartModern Western orthography and Classical Cremish Orthography. or lombart,Eastern unified orthography. depending on the orthography; pronunciation) belongs to the Gallo-Italic group within the Romance languages and is characterized by a Celtic linguistic substratum and a Lombardic linguistic superstratum and is a cluster of homogeneous dialects that are spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and southern Switzerland, including most of Lombardy and some areas of the neighbouring regions, notably the far eastern side of Piedmont and the extreme western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden.

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Lower house

A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where second chamber is the upper house.

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LSD

Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly known as LSD (from German Lysergsäure-diethylamid), and known colloquially as acid or lucy, is a potent psychedelic drug.

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Lucerne

Lucerne (High Alemannic: Lozärn) or LuzernOther languages: label; Lucerna; Lucerna.

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Lucerne Festival

Lucerne Festival is one of the leading international festivals in the world of classical music and presents a series of classical music festivals based in Lucerne, Switzerland.

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Luftwaffe

The Luftwaffe was the aerial-warfare branch of the Wehrmacht before and during World War II.

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Lugano

Lugano (Lügán) is a city and municipality within the Lugano District in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

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Lugano Airport

Lugano Airport is a regional airport located west of the Swiss city of Lugano, approximately north of Milan, in the municipalities of Agno, Bioggio and Muzzano.

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Magic formula (Swiss politics)

In Swiss politics, the magic formula (Zauberformel, formule magique, formula magica, furmla magica) is an arithmetic formula for dividing the seven executive seats on the Federal Council among the four coalition parties.

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Majority

A majority is more than half of a total.

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Marcel Fässler (racing driver)

Marcel Fässler (born 27 May 1976) is a Swiss former racing driver.

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Marshall Plan

The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to Western Europe.

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Martina Hingis

Martina Hingis (Martina Hingisová; born 30 September 1980) is a Swiss former professional tennis player.

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Matterhorn

The italics (Cervino; Cervin; Mont(e) Cervin(u))There are several different Romansh dialects, each with its own slight variation on the name for the Matterhorn.

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Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn

The Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn is a narrow gauge railway line and a railway company (Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn AG, MGB) in Switzerland.

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Matura

Matura or its translated terms (mature, matur, maturita, maturità, Maturität, maturité, mатура, érettségi) is a Latin name for the secondary school exit exam or "maturity diploma" in various European countries, including Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland and Ukraine.

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Max Frisch

Max Rudolf Frisch (15 May 1911 – 4 April 1991) was a Swiss playwright and novelist.

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Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death in 1519.

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Mönch

The Mönch (German: "monk") at is a mountain in the Bernese Alps, in Switzerland.

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Mürren

Mürren is a traditional Walser mountain village in the Bernese Highlands of Switzerland, at an elevation of above sea level.

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Medieval commune

Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical defense and of traditional freedoms) among the citizens of a town or city.

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Mediterranean climate

A Mediterranean climate, also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen as Cs, is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude).

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Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.

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Mediterranean Shipping Company

Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A., branded as MSC, is an international shipping line founded by Gianluigi Aponte in Italy in 1970.

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Member state of the European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are party to the EU's founding treaties, and thereby subject to the privileges and obligations of membership.

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Mental disorder

A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.

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Mercuria

Mercuria Energy Group Ltd. is a Cypriot-domiciled Swiss multinational commodity trading company active in a wide spectrum of global energy markets including crude oil and refined petroleum products, natural gas (including LNG), power, biodiesel, base metals and agricultural products.

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Merlot

Merlot is a dark blue–colored wine grape variety that is used as both a blending grape and for varietal wines.

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Merovingian dynasty

The Merovingian dynasty was the ruling family of the Franks from around the middle of the 5th century until 751.

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Methodism

Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a Protestant Christian tradition whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley.

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Middle Francia

Middle Francia (Francia media) was a short-lived Frankish kingdom which was created in 843 by the Treaty of Verdun after an intermittent civil war between the grandsons of Charlemagne resulted in division of the united empire.

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Migros

Migros is Switzerland's largest retail company, its largest supermarket chain and largest employer.

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Monte Rosa

Monte Rosa (Mont Roeusa; Mont Rose; de Gletscher or de Gorner; Monte Rosa) is a mountain massif in the eastern part of the Pennine Alps, on the border between Italy (Piedmont and Aosta Valley) and Switzerland (Valais).

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Montreux Jazz Festival

The Montreux Jazz Festival (formerly Festival de Jazz Montreux and Festival International de Jazz Montreux) is a music festival in Switzerland, held annually in early July in Montreux on the Lake Geneva shoreline.

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Motorcycle racing

The motorcycle sport of racing (also called moto racing and motorbike racing) includes motorcycle road racing and off-road racing, both either on circuits or open courses, and track racing.

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Motorsport

Motorsport(s) or motor sport(s) are sporting events, competitions and related activities that primarily involve the use of automobiles, motorcycles, motorboats and powered aircraft.

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Mountain biking

Mountain biking (MTB) is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes.

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Mountaineering

Mountaineering, mountain climbing, or alpinism is a set of outdoor activities that involves ascending mountains.

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Mulhouse

Mulhouse (Alsatian: Mìlhüsa;, meaning "mill house") is a city of the European Collectivity of Alsace (Haut-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region of France), close to the Swiss and German borders.

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Multilingualism

Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers.

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Multiple citizenship

Multiple citizenship (or multiple nationality) is a person's legal status in which a person is at the same time recognized by more than one country under its nationality and citizenship law as a national or citizen of that country.

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Music of Switzerland

Switzerland has long had a distinct cultural identity, despite its diversity of German, French, Italian, Romansh and other ethnicities.

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Musical instrument

A musical instrument is a device created or adapted to make musical sounds.

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Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.

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Narrow-gauge railway

A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than.

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Nation state

A nation-state is a political unit where the state, a centralized political organization ruling over a population within a territory, and the nation, a community based on a common identity, are congruent.

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National Bureau of Economic Research

The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

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National Council (Switzerland)

The National Council (Nationalrat; Conseil national; Consiglio nazionale; Cussegl naziunal) is the lower house of the Federal Assembly, with the upper house being the Council of States.

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National language

A national language is a language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) that has some connection—de facto or de jure—with a nation.

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National League (ice hockey)

The National League (NL) is a professional ice hockey league in Switzerland and is the top tier of the Swiss league system.

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National personification

A national personification is an anthropomorphic personification of a state or the people(s) it inhabits.

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National Redoubt (Switzerland)

The Swiss National Redoubt is a defensive plan developed by the Swiss government beginning in the 1880s to respond to foreign invasion.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

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Nürburgring 24 Hours

The Nürburgring 24 Hours is a 24-hour annual touring car and GT endurance racing event that takes place on a combination of the Nordschleife ("North Loop") and the GP-Strecke ("Grand Prix track") circuits of the Nürburgring in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Neel Jani

Neel Jani (born 8 December 1983) is a Swiss professional racing driver.

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Neologism

In linguistics, a neologism (also known as a coinage) is any newly formed word, term, or phrase that nevertheless has achieved popular or institutional recognition and is becoming accepted into mainstream language.

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Nero Claudius Drusus

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus (38–9 BC), also called Drusus the Elder, was a Roman politician and military commander.

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Nestlé

Nestlé S.A. is a Swiss multinational food and drink processing conglomerate corporation headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland.

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Neuchâtel

Neuchâtel (Neuenburg) is a town, a municipality, and the capital of the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel on Lake Neuchâtel.

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Neue Zürcher Zeitung

The (NZZ; "New Journal of Zürich") is a Swiss, German-language daily newspaper, published by NZZ Mediengruppe in Zürich.

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Neutral country

A neutral country is a state that is neutral towards belligerents in a specific war or holds itself as permanently neutral in all future conflicts (including avoiding entering into military alliances such as NATO, CSTO or the SCO).

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Neutron scattering

Neutron scattering, the irregular dispersal of free neutrons by matter, can refer to either the naturally occurring physical process itself or to the man-made experimental techniques that use the natural process for investigating materials.

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New Apostolic Church

The New Apostolic Church (NAC) is a Christian church that split from the Catholic Apostolic Church during an 1863 schism in Hamburg, Germany.

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Nicholas of Flüe

Nicholas of Flüe (Niklaus von Flüe; 1417 – 21 March 1487) was a Swiss hermit and ascetic who is the patron saint of Switzerland.

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Nico Müller

Nico Sebastian Müller (born 25 February 1992) is a Swiss professional racing driver.

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Nidwalden

Nidwalden or Nidwald (Kanton Nidwalden; Chantun Sutsilvania; Canton de Nidwald; Canton Nidvaldo) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Niederweningen

Niederweningen is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.

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Niklaus Manuel Deutsch

Niklaus Manuel Deutsch (Niklaus Manuel, c. 1484 – 28 April 1530), of Bern, was a Swiss artist, writer, mercenary and Reformed politician.

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Nobel Peace Prize

The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature.

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Non-science

A non-science is an area of study that is not scientific, especially one that is not a natural science or a social science that is an object of scientific inquiry.

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North Macedonia

North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. Switzerland and North Macedonia are landlocked countries, member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie and member states of the United Nations.

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North Sea

The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Denmark, Norway, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France.

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Novartis

Novartis AG is a Swiss multinational pharmaceutical corporation based in Basel, Switzerland.

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Noviodunum (Switzerland)

Noviodunum or Colonia Iulia Equestris was a Roman era settlement in what is now Nyon in the Canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

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NRLA

The New Railway Link through the Alps (NRLA; Neue Eisenbahn-Alpentransversale, NEAT, nouvelle ligne ferroviaire à travers les Alpes, NLFA, Nuova ferrovia transalpina, NFTA), is a Swiss construction project for faster north–south rail links across the Swiss Alps.

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Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions to produce electricity.

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Nuclear power plant

A nuclear power plant (NPP) or atomic power station (APS) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor.

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Nuclear weapon

A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion.

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Nyon

Nyon (historically German: Neuis or Neuss and Italian: Nione) is a municipality in Nyon District in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

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Obwalden

Obwalden or Obwald (Kanton Obwalden; Chantun Sursilvania; Canton d'Obwald; Canton Obvaldo) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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OECD

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.

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Old Catholic Church

The terms Old Catholic Church, Old Catholics, Old-Catholic churches, or Old Catholic movement, designate "any of the groups of Western Christians who believe themselves to maintain in complete loyalty the doctrine and traditions of the undivided church but who separated from the see of Rome after the First Vatican council of 1869–70".

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Old High German

Old High German (OHG; Althochdeutsch (Ahdt., Ahd.)) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally identified as the period from around 500/750 to 1050.

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Old Norse

Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian is a stage of development of North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages.

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Old Swiss Confederacy

The Old Swiss Confederacy, also known as Switzerland or the Swiss Confederacy, was a loose confederation of independent small states (cantons, German or), initially within the Holy Roman Empire.

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Olympic Museum

The Olympic Museum (Musée olympique) in Lausanne, Switzerland houses permanent and temporary exhibits relating to sport and the Olympic movement.

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Onyx (interception system)

Onyx is a Swiss intelligence gathering system maintained by the Federal Intelligence Service - Nachrichtendienst des Bundes (NDB).

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Operation Tannenbaum

Operation Tannenbaum ("Fir Tree"), known earlier as Operation Grün ("Green"), was a planned invasion of Switzerland and Liechtenstein by the Axis Powers during World War II.

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Oriental Orthodox Churches

The Oriental Orthodox Churches are Eastern Christian churches adhering to Miaphysite Christology, with approximately 50 million members worldwide.

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Orthography

An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word boundaries, emphasis, and punctuation.

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Outline of Switzerland

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Switzerland: Switzerland – alpine country in Central Europe, located mostly in the Alps.

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Owner-occupancy

Owner-occupancy or home-ownership is a form of housing tenure in which a person, called the owner-occupier, owner-occupant, or home owner, owns the home in which they live.

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Palace of Nations

The Palace of Nations (Palais des Nations) is the home of the United Nations Office at Geneva, located in Geneva, Switzerland.

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Paléo Festival

The Paléo Festival de Nyon, usually just called Paléo, is an annual rock festival held in Nyon, Switzerland.

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Particle physics

Particle physics or high-energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation.

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Patrician (post-Roman Europe)

Patricianship, the quality of belonging to a patriciate, began in the ancient world, where cities such as Ancient Rome had a social class of patrician families, whose members were initially the only people allowed to exercise many political functions.

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Paul Scherrer

Paul Hermann Scherrer (3 February 1890 – 25 September 1969) was a Swiss physicist.

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Paul Scherrer Institute

The Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) is a multi-disciplinary research institute for natural and engineering sciences in Switzerland.

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Peace of Westphalia

The Peace of Westphalia (Westfälischer Friede) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster.

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Peacebuilding

Peacebuilding is an activity that aims to resolve injustice in nonviolent ways and to transform the cultural and structural conditions that generate deadly or destructive conflict.

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Pennine Alps

The Pennine Alps (Alpes Pennines, Walliser Alpen, Alpi Pennine, Alpes Poeninae), sometimes referred to as the Valais Alps (which are just the Northern Swiss part of the Pennine Alps), are a mountain range in the western part of the Alps.

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Pentecostalism

Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement that emphasizes direct personal experience of God through baptism with the Holy Spirit.

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Peter Martyr Vermigli

Peter Martyr Vermigli (8 September 149912 November 1562) was an Italian-born Reformed theologian.

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Petit Larousse

Le Petit Larousse Illustré, commonly known simply as Le Petit Larousse, is a French-language encyclopedic dictionary published by Éditions Larousse.

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Pierre Viret

Pierre Viret (1509/1510 – 4 April 1571) was a Swiss Reformed theologian, evangelist and Protestant reformer.

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Pietism

Pietism, also known as Pietistic Lutheranism, is a movement within Lutheranism that combines its emphasis on biblical doctrine with an emphasis on individual piety and living a holy Christian life.

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Pinot noir

Pinot noir, also known as Pinot nero, is a red-wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera.

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Pirmin Zurbriggen

Pirmin Zurbriggen (born 4 February 1963) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from Switzerland.

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Piz Bernina

Piz Bernina (Romansh, Pizzo Bernina) is the highest mountain in the Eastern Alps, the highest point of the Bernina Range, and the highest peak in the Rhaetian Alps.

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Popular initiative

A popular initiative (also citizens' initiative) is a form of direct democracy by which a petition meeting certain hurdles can force a legal procedure on a proposition.

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Popular initiative in Switzerland

A popular initiative (German: Volksinitiative, French: Initiative populaire, Italian: Iniziativa popolare, Romansh: Iniziativa dal pievel) allows people to suggest laws on a national, cantonal, and municipal level.

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Population ageing

Population ageing is an increasing median age in a population because of declining fertility rates and rising life expectancy.

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Portuguese language

Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family originating from the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

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Postage stamps and postal history of Switzerland

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Switzerland.

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Poverty in Switzerland

Poverty in Switzerland refers to people who are living in relative poverty in Switzerland.

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Prehistory

Prehistory, also called pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools by hominins million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems.

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President of the Swiss Confederation

The president of the Swiss Confederation, also known as the president of the confederation, federal president or colloquially as the president of Switzerland, is as primus inter pares among the other members of the Federal Council formally the head of Switzerland's seven-member executive branch.

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Primus inter pares

Primus inter pares is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals.

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Proportional representation

Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body.

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Protestant Church of Switzerland

The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), formerly named Federation of Swiss Protestant Churches until 31 December 2019, is a federation of 25 member churches – 24 cantonal churches and the Evangelical-Methodist Church of Switzerland.

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Protestant Reformers

Protestant Reformers were theologians whose careers, works and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.

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Protestantism

Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.

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Protestantism in Switzerland

The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel (Johannes Oecolampadius), Bern (Berchtold Haller and Niklaus Manuel), St. Gallen,(Joachim Vadian), to cities in southern Germany and via Alsace (Martin Bucer) to France.

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Purchasing power parity

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measure of the price of specific goods in different countries and is used to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies.

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QS World University Rankings

The QS World University Rankings is a portfolio of comparative college and university rankings compiled by Quacquarelli Symonds, a higher education analytics firm.

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Raclette

Raclette is a dish of Swiss origin, also popular in the other Alpine countries (France, Germany, Austria), based on heating cheese and scraping off the melted part, then typically served with boiled potatoes.

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Raetia

Raetia or Rhaetia was a province of the Roman Empire named after the Rhaetian people.

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Rafz

Rafz is a municipality in the district of Bülach in the northwest of the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.

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Rösti

Rösti or rööschti is a Swiss dish consisting mainly of potatoes, sautéed or shallow-fried in a pan.

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Rütli Oath

The Rütli Oath (German: Rütlischwur) is the legendary oath taken at the foundation of the Old Swiss Confederacy (traditionally dated to 1307) by the representatives of the three founding cantons, Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden, It is named after the site of the oath taking, the Rütli, a meadow above Lake Uri near Seelisberg.

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Referendum

A referendum (referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue.

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Reformation

The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation and the European Reformation, was a major theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church.

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Reformation in Switzerland

The Protestant Reformation in Switzerland was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrate, Mark Reust, and the population of Zürich in the 1520s.

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Reformation in Zürich

The Reformation in Zürich was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrates of the city of Zürich and the princess abbess Katharina von Zimmern of the Fraumünster Abbey, and the population of the city of Zürich and agriculture-oriented population of the present Canton of Zürich in the early 1520s.

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Religion in Switzerland

Religion in Switzerland is predominantly Christianity.

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Renens

Renens is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland.

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Representative democracy

Representative democracy (also called electoral democracy or indirect democracy) is a type of democracy where representatives are elected by the public.

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Reuss (river)

The Reuss (Swiss German: Rüüss) is a river in Switzerland.

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Revolutions of 1848

The revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the springtime of the peoples or the springtime of nations, were a series of revolutions throughout Europe over the course of more than one year, from 1848 to 1849.

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Rhaetian Railway

The Rhaetian Railway (Rhätische Bahn; Ferrovia retica; Viafier retica), abbreviated RhB, is a Swiss transport company that owns the largest network of all private railway operators in Switzerland.

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Rhône

The Rhône is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea.

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Rhine

--> The Rhine is one of the major European rivers.

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Richard R. Ernst

Richard Robert Ernst (14 August 1933 – 4 June 2021) was a Swiss physical chemist and Nobel laureate.

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Richemont

Compagnie Financière Richemont S.A., commonly known as Richemont, is a Switzerland-based luxury goods holding company founded in 1988 by South African businessman Johann Rupert.

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Right of asylum

The right of asylum, sometimes called right of political asylum (asylum), is an ancient juridical concept, under which people persecuted by their own rulers might be protected by another sovereign authority, such as a second country or another entity which in medieval times could offer sanctuary.

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Roche

F.

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Roger Federer

Roger Federer (born 8 August 1981) is a Swiss former professional tennis player.

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Rolex

Rolex SA is a Swiss watch brand and manufacturer based in Geneva, Switzerland.

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Rolf M. Zinkernagel

Rolf Martin Zinkernagel AC (born 6 January 1944) is a professor of experimental immunology at the University of Zurich.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

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Roman province

The Roman provinces (pl.) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.

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Romance languages

The Romance languages, also known as the Latin or Neo-Latin languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin.

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Romani people

The Romani, also spelled Romany or Rromani and colloquially known as the Roma (Rom), are an ethnic group of Indo-Aryan origin who traditionally lived a nomadic, itinerant lifestyle.

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Romansh language

Romansh is a Gallo-Romance language spoken predominantly in the Swiss canton of the Grisons (Graubünden).

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Rotterdam

Rotterdam (lit. "The Dam on the River Rotte") is the second-largest city in the Netherlands after the national capital of Amsterdam.

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Rowman & Littlefield

Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an American independent academic publishing company founded in 1949.

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RUAG

RUAG Holding (originally Rüstungsunternehmen Aktiengesellschaft; Armaments Companies JSC) is a Swiss company specialising in aerospace engineering and the defence industry.

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Rudolf I of Germany

Rudolf I (1 May 1218 – 15 July 1291) was the first King of Germany from the House of Habsburg.

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Ruth Dreifuss

Ruth Dreifuss (born 9 January 1940) is a Swiss economist, unionist and politician who served as a member of the Federal Council (Switzerland) from 1993 to 2002.

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Samedan

Samedan is a town and municipality in the Maloja Region in the Swiss canton of Grisons.

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Sarnen

Sarnen is a small historic town, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Obwalden situated on the northern shores of Lake Sarnen (Sarnersee) in Switzerland.

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Satellite state

A satellite state or dependent state is a country that is formally independent but under heavy political, economic, and military influence or control from another country.

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Sébastien Buemi

Sébastien Olivier Humbert Buemi (born 31 October 1988) is a Swiss professional racing driver who competes in Formula E for Envision Racing, and in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Toyota Gazoo Racing.

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Scanning tunneling microscope

A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a type of scanning probe microscope used for imaging surfaces at the atomic level.

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Schaffhausen

Schaffhausen (Schafuuse; Schaffhouse; Sciaffusa; Schaffusa), historically known in English as Shaffhouse, is a town with historic roots, a municipality in northern Switzerland, and the capital of the canton of the same name; it has an estimated population of 36,000 It is located right next to the shore of the High Rhine; it is one of four Swiss towns located on the northern side of the Rhine, along with italic, the historic italic, and italic.

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Schengen Agreement

The Schengen Agreement is a treaty which led to the creation of Europe's Schengen Area, in which internal border checks have largely been abolished.

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Schengen Area

The Schengen Area is an area encompassing European countries that have officially abolished border controls at their mutual borders.

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Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen

Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF; "Swiss Radio and Television") is a Swiss broadcasting company created on 1 January 2011 through the merger of radio company Schweizer Radio DRS (SR DRS) and television company Schweizer Fernsehen (SF).

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Schweizerische Pfingstmission

The Swiss Pentecostal Mission (Schweizerische Pfingstmission, abbreviated SPM) is the largest Pentecostal Christian denomination in Switzerland.

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Schwyz

Schwyz (Schwytz; Svitto) is a town and the capital of the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland.

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Separation of church and state

The separation of church and state is a philosophical and jurisprudential concept for defining political distance in the relationship between religious organizations and the state.

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Serbo-Croatian

Serbo-Croatian – also called Serbo-Croat, Serbo-Croat-Bosnian (SCB), Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian (BCS), and Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian (BCMS) – is a South Slavic language and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.

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Siege of Gaeta (1860–1861)

The siege of Gaeta was the concluding event of the war between the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, part of the unification of Italy.

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Sion Airport

Sion Airport (Military: LSMS) is the airport of the city of Sion, Switzerland and is located 2.5 km southwest of Sion city in the Rhone Valley.

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Sion, Switzerland

Sion is a Swiss town, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Valais and of the district of Sion.

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Ski resort

A ski resort is a resort developed for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports.

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Skiing

Skiing is the use of skis to glide on snow for basic transport, a recreational activity, or a competitive winter sport.

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Snowboarding

Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a snowboard that is almost always attached to a rider's feet.

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Social Democratic Party of Switzerland

The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz, SP; Partida Socialdemocrata da la Svizra), also called the Swiss Socialist Party (Parti socialiste suisse; Partito Socialista Svizzero, PS), is a political party in Switzerland.

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Solothurn

Solothurn (Soleure; Soletta; help) is a town, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

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Sonderbund War

The Sonderbund War (Sonderbundskrieg, Guerre du Sonderbund., Guerra del Sonderbund) of November 1847 was a civil war in Switzerland, then still a relatively loose confederacy of cantons.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. Switzerland and Soviet Union are federal republics.

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Special relativity

In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time.

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Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka, historically known as Ceylon, and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia. Switzerland and Sri Lanka are member states of the United Nations.

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Sri Lankan Tamils

Sri Lankan Tamils, also known as Ceylon Tamils or Eelam Tamils, are Tamils native to the South Asian island state of Sri Lanka.

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St. Gallen

St.

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St. Gallen–Altenrhein Airport

St.

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St. Moritz

St.

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Stan Wawrinka

Stanislas Wawrinka (born 28 March 1985) is a Swiss professional tennis player.

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Standard German

Standard High German (SHG), less precisely Standard German or High German (Standardhochdeutsch, Standarddeutsch, Hochdeutsch or, in Switzerland, Schriftdeutsch), is the umbrella term for the standardized varieties of the German language, which are used in formal contexts and for communication between different dialect areas.

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Standard-gauge railway

A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of.

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Stans

Stans is the capital of the canton of Nidwalden (Nidwald) in Switzerland.

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State religion

A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.

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Stein am Rhein

Stein am Rhein (abbreviated as Stein a. R.) is a historic town and a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland.

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Steinstossen

Steinstossen (translated to 'stone throwing' in English) is the Swiss variant of stone put, of throwing a heavy stone overhead for the longest distance.

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Stone put

The stone put (clach air a chur) is one of the main Scottish heavy athletic events at modern-day Highland games gatherings.

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Suffrage

Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote).

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Sursilvan

Sursilvan (also romontsch sursilvan; Sursilvan, Vallader, Surmiran, Sutsilvan, and Rumantsch Grischun: sursilvan; Puter: sursilvaun) is a group of dialects of the Romansh language spoken in the Swiss district of Surselva.

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Suva (insurer)

The Suva, headquartered in Lucerne, is the Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund.

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Swabian League

The Swabian League (Schwäbischer Bund) was a military alliance of imperial estates – imperial cities, prelates, principalities and knights – principally in the territory of the early medieval stem duchy of Swabia established in 1488.

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Swabian War

The Swabian War of 1499 (Schwoobechrieg (spelling depending on dialect), called Schwabenkrieg or Schweizerkrieg ("Swiss War") in Germany and ("War of the Engadin" in Austria) was the last major armed conflict between the Old Swiss Confederacy and the House of Habsburg. What had begun as a local conflict over the control of the Val Müstair and the Umbrail Pass in the Grisons soon got out of hand when both parties called upon their allies for help; the Habsburgs demanding the support of the Swabian League, while the Federation of the Three Leagues of the Grisons turning to the Swiss Eidgenossenschaft.

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SWI swissinfo

SWI swissinfo.ch is a Swiss multilingual international news and information company based in Bern.

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Swiss Air Force

The Swiss Air Force (Schweizer Luftwaffe; Forces aériennes suisses; Forze aeree svizzere; Aviatica militara svizra) is the air component of the Swiss Armed Forces, established on 31 July 1914, three days after the outbreak of World War I, as a part of the army and in October 1936 as an independent service.

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Swiss Alps

The Alpine region of Switzerland, conventionally referred to as the Swiss Alps, represents a major natural feature of the country and is, along with the Swiss Plateau and the Swiss portion of the Jura Mountains, one of its three main physiographic regions.

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Swiss Armed Forces

The Swiss Armed Forces (Schweizer Armee; Armée suisse; Esercito svizzero; Armada svizra) operates on land and in the air, serving as the primary armed forces of Switzerland.

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Swiss Broadcasting Corporation

The Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (Schweizerische Radio- und Fernsehgesellschaft; Société suisse de radiodiffusion et télévision; Società svizzera di radiotelevisione; Societad Svizra da Radio e Televisiun; SRG SSR) is the Swiss public broadcasting association, founded in 1931, the holding company of 24 radio and television channels.

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Swiss chocolate

Swiss chocolate (Schweizer Schokolade; Chocolat Suisse; Cioccolato Svizzero) is chocolate produced in Switzerland.

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Swiss Federal Constitution

The Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (SR 10; Bundesverfassung der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft (BV); Constitution fédérale de la Confédération suisse (Cst.); Costituzione federale della Confederazione Svizzera (Cost.); Constituziun federala da la Confederaziun svizra) of 18 April 1999 (SR 101) is the third and current federal constitution of Switzerland.

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Swiss Federal Railways

Swiss Federal Railways (Schweizerische Bundesbahnen, SBB; Chemins de fer fédéraux suisses, CFF; Ferrovie federali svizzere, FFS) is the national railway company of Switzerland.

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Swiss franc

The Swiss franc, or simply the franc (Swiss German; franc; franco; franc), is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein.

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Swiss French

Swiss French (français de Suisse or suisse romand) is the variety of French spoken in the French-speaking area of Switzerland known as Romandy.

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Swiss German

Swiss German (Standard German: Schweizerdeutsch, Schwiizerdütsch, Schwyzerdütsch, Schwiizertüütsch, Schwizertitsch Mundart,Because of the many different dialects, and because there is no defined orthography for any of them, many different spellings can be found. and others) is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken in the German-speaking part of Switzerland, and in some Alpine communities in Northern Italy bordering Switzerland.

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Swiss Guard

The Pontifical Swiss Guard (also Papal Swiss Guard or simply Swiss Guard; Pontificia Cohors Helvetica; Guardia Svizzera Pontificia; Päpstliche Schweizergarde; Garde suisse pontificale; Guardia svizra papala) is an armed force and honour guard unit maintained by the Holy See that protects the Pope and the Apostolic Palace within the territory of the Vatican City State.

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Swiss Ice Hockey Federation

The Swiss Ice Hockey Federation (SIHF) (Schweizerischer Eishockeyverband (SEHV), Ligue Suisse de Hockey sur Glace (LSHG), Federazione Svizzera di hockey su ghiaccio) is the governing body of ice hockey in Switzerland, as recognized by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).

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Swiss International Air Lines

Swiss International Air Lines AG, stylized as SWISS, is the flag carrier of Switzerland and a subsidiary of the Lufthansa Group, as well as a Star Alliance member.

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Swiss mercenaries

The Swiss mercenaries (Reisläufer) were a powerful infantry force constituted by professional soldiers originating from the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy.

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Swiss National Museum

The Swiss National Museum (Landesmuseum), part of the Musée Suisse Group, itself affiliated with the Federal Office of Culture, is located in the city of Zürich, Switzerland's largest city, next to the Hauptbahnhof.

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Swiss neutrality

Swiss neutrality is one of the main principles of Switzerland's foreign policy which dictates that Switzerland is not to be involved in armed conflicts between other states.

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Swiss nobility

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a collection of semi-autonomous cantons.

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Swiss peasant war of 1653

The Swiss peasant war of 1653 was a popular revolt in the Old Swiss Confederacy at the time of the Ancien Régime.

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Swiss people

The Swiss people (die Schweizer, les Suisses, gli Svizzeri, ils Svizzers) are the citizens of the multi-ethnic Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) regardless of ethno-cultural background or people of self-identified Swiss ancestry.

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Swiss People's Party

The Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische Volkspartei, SVP; Partida populara Svizra, PPS), also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre (Union démocratique du centre, UDC; Unione Democratica di Centro, UDC), is a national conservative and right-wing populist political party in Switzerland.

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Swiss Plateau

The Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau is one of the three major landscapes in Switzerland, lying between the Jura Mountains and the Swiss Alps.

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Swiss Psalm

The "Swiss Psalm" (italic / "Trittst im Morgenrot daher..."; italic,; italic,; italic) is the national anthem of Switzerland.

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Swiss Re

Swiss Re Ltd is a Swiss reinsurance company founded in 1863 and headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland.

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Swiss Space Office

The Swiss Space Office (SSO) is the federal government's competence centre for national and international space matters.

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Swiss Standard German

Swiss Standard German (SSG; Schweizer Standarddeutsch), or Swiss High German (Schweizer Hochdeutsch or Schweizerhochdeutsch), referred to by the Swiss as Schriftdeutsch, or Hochdeutsch, is the written form of one of four official languages in Switzerland, besides French, Italian, and Romansh.

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Swiss Super League

The Super League (known as the Credit Suisse Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a Swiss professional league in the top tier of the Swiss football league system and has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season.

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Swiss Telegraphic Agency

The Swiss Telegraphic Agency (German: Schweizerische Depeschenagentur, SDA; French: Agence télégraphique suisse, ATS; Italian: Agenzia telegrafica svizzera, ATS; branded as Keystone-SDA/Keystone-ATS since 27 April 2018) is the national press agency of Switzerland, founded in 1894.

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Swiss wine

Swiss wine is produced from nearly of vineyards, and the wines are mainly produced in the west and in the south of Switzerland, in the cantons of Geneva, Neuchâtel, Ticino, Valais and Vaud.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. Switzerland and Switzerland are countries and territories where German is an official language, countries and territories where Italian is an official language, federal republics, French-speaking countries and territories, landlocked countries, member states of the European Free Trade Association, member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, member states of the United Nations, OECD members, states and territories established in 1848 and western European countries.

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Switzerland and weapons of mass destruction

Switzerland made detailed plans to acquire and test nuclear weapons during the Cold War.

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Switzerland as a federal state

The rise of Switzerland as a federal state began on 12 September 1848, with the creation of a federal constitution in response to a 27-day civil war, the ''Sonderbundskrieg''. Switzerland and Switzerland as a federal state are states and territories established in 1848.

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Switzerland in the Napoleonic era

During the French Revolutionary Wars, the revolutionary armies marched eastward, enveloping Switzerland in their battles against Austria.

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Switzerland in the Roman era

The territory of modern Switzerland was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire for a period of about six centuries, beginning with the step-by-step conquest of the area by Roman armies from the 2nd century BC and ending with the Fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.

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Tages-Anzeiger

Tages-Anzeiger, also abbreviated Tagi or TA, is a Swiss German-language national daily newspaper published in Zurich, Switzerland.

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Tagsatzung

The Federal Diet of Switzerland (Tagsatzung,; Diète fédérale; Dieta federale) was the legislative and executive council of the Old Swiss Confederacy and existed in various forms from the beginnings of Swiss independence until the formation of the Swiss federal state in 1848.

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Tax haven

A tax haven is a term, often used pejoratively, to describe a place with very low tax rates for non-domiciled investors, even if the official rates may be higher.

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Tägerwilen

Tägerwilen is a municipality in the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

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Telephone numbers in Switzerland

Telephone numbers in Switzerland are defined and assigned according to the Swiss telephone numbering plan administered by the Swiss Federal Office of Communications.

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Temperate climate

In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth.

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Terroir

Terroir (from terre) is a French term used to describe the environmental factors that affect a crop's phenotype, including unique environment contexts, farming practices and a crop's specific growth habitat.

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Tetra Pak

Tetra Pak is a Swedish multinational food packaging and processing company headquartered in Switzerland.

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Thayngen

Thayngen is a village and a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland.

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The Adecco Group

The Adecco Group is a SwissFrench company based in Zürich, Switzerland.

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The Centre (political party)

The Centre (Die Mitte; Le Centre; il Centro; il Center) is a centre-right political party in Switzerland.

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The Conference Board

The Conference Board, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) non-profit business membership and research group organization.

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The Economist Democracy Index

The Democracy Index published by the Economist Group is an index measuring the quality of democracy across the world.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Pledge: Requiem for the Detective Novel

The Pledge (German: Das Versprechen) is a crime novella by Swiss author Friedrich Dürrenmatt, published in 1958, after Dürrenmatt thought that his previous movie script, Es geschah am hellichten Tag ("It happened in broad daylight") did not have a realistic ending.

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The Seattle Times

The Seattle Times is an American daily newspaper based in Seattle, Washington.

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The Swatch Group

The Swatch Group Ltd is a Swiss manufacturer of watches and jewellery.

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The World Factbook

The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.

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Theodore Beza

Theodore Beza (Theodorus Beza; Théodore de Bèze or de Besze; June 24, 1519 – October 13, 1605) was a French Calvinist Protestant theologian, reformer and scholar who played an important role in the Protestant Reformation.

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Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War, from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.

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Thomas Lüthi

Thomas Lüthi (born 6 September 1986) is a Swiss sporting director at Prüstel GP, and former Grand Prix motorcycle racer.

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Thurgau

Thurgau (Thurgovie; Turgovia; Turgovia), anglicized as Thurgovia, and formally as the Canton of Thurgau, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Tiberius

Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was Roman emperor from AD 14 until 37.

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Ticino

Ticino, sometimes Tessin, officially the Republic and Canton of Ticino or less formally the Canton of Ticino, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Ticino (river)

The river Ticino (Tesin; French and Tessin; Ticīnus) is the most important perennial left-bank tributary of the Po.

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Toggenburg War

The Toggenburg War, also known as the Second War of Villmergen or the Swiss Civil War of 1712, was a Swiss civil war during the Old Swiss Confederacy from 12 April to 11 August 1712.

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Total fertility rate

The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime, if they were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through their lifetime, and they were to live from birth until the end of their reproductive life.

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Treaty of Verdun

The Treaty of Verdun, agreed in, divided the Frankish Empire into three kingdoms between Lothair I, Louis II and Charles II, the surviving sons of the emperor Louis I, the son and successor of Charlemagne.

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Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty intended to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament.

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U.S. News & World Report

U.S. News & World Report (USNWR, US NEWS) is an American media company publishing news, consumer advice, rankings, and analysis.

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UBS

UBS Group AG is a multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland.

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UEFA

The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA; Union des associations européennes de football; Union der europäischen Fußballverbände) is one of six continental bodies of governance in association football.

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UEFA Euro 2008

The 2008 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2008 or simply Euro 2008, was the 13th UEFA European Championship, a quadrennial football tournament contested by the member nations of UEFA (the Union of European Football Associations).

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Union Cycliste Internationale

The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI;; International Cycling Union) is the world governing body for sports cycling and oversees international competitive cycling events.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.

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United Nations Development Programme

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is a United Nations agency mandated to aid and protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities, and stateless people, and to assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

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United Nations Human Rights Council

The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) is a United Nations body whose mission is to promote and protect human rights around the world.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter.

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University of Basel

The University of Basel (Latin: Universitas Basiliensis, German: Universität Basel) is a public research university in Basel, Switzerland.

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University of Bern

The University of Bern (Universität Bern, Université de Berne, Universitas Bernensis) is a public research university in the Swiss capital of Bern.

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University of Lausanne

The University of Lausanne (UNIL; Université de Lausanne) in Lausanne, Switzerland was founded in 1537 as a school of Protestant theology, before being made a university in 1890.

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University of St. Gallen

The University of St.

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University of Zurich

The University of Zurich (UZH, Universität Zürich) is a public research university located in the city of Zurich, Switzerland.

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Unspunnenfest

Unspunnenfest is a festival held in the town of Interlaken, Switzerland, near the old ruin of Unspunnen Castle, in the Bernese Alps, approximately once every twelve years, most recently in 2017.

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Unterwalden

Unterwalden, translated from the Latin inter silvas ("between the forests"), is the old name of a forest-canton of the Old Swiss Confederacy in central Switzerland, south of Lake Lucerne, consisting of two valleys or Talschaften, now two separate Swiss cantons (or two half-cantons), Obwalden and Nidwalden.

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Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno

Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno is a Latin phrase that means One for all, all for one.

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Upper house

An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house.

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Urban sprawl

Urban sprawl (also known as suburban sprawl or urban encroachment) is defined as "the spreading of urban developments (such as houses, dense multi family apartments, office buildings and shopping centers) on undeveloped land near a more or less densely populated city".

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Valais

Valais, more formally, the Canton of Valais, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of thirteen districts and its capital and largest city is Sion. Valais is situated in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the cantons of Vaud and Bern to the north, the cantons of Uri and Ticino to the east, as well as Italy to the south and France to the west.

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Vals, Switzerland

Vals (locally pronounced) is a village and a municipality in the Surselva Region in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

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Valtellina

Valtellina or the Valtelline (occasionally spelled as two words in English: Val Telline; Vuclina; Valtelina or Valtulina; Veltlin; Valtellina) is a valley in the Lombardy region of northern Italy, bordering Switzerland.

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Value-added tax

A value-added tax (VAT or goods and services tax (GST), general consumption tax (GCT)), is a consumption tax that is levied on the value added at each stage of a product's production and distribution.

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Vatican City

Vatican City, officially the Vatican City State (Stato della Città del Vaticano; Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is a landlocked sovereign country, city-state, microstate, and enclave within Rome, Italy. Switzerland and Vatican City are countries and territories where Italian is an official language and landlocked countries.

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Vaud

Vaud ((Canton de) Vaud), more formally the Canton of Vaud, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation.

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Velcro

Velcro IP Holdings LLC, doing business as Velcro Companies and commonly referred to as Velcro (pronounced), is a British privately held company, founded by Swiss electrical engineer George de Mestral in the 1950s.

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Vichy France

Vichy France (Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State (État français), was the French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II.

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Vignette (road tax)

Vignette is a form of road pricing imposed on vehicles, usually in addition to the compulsory road tax, based on a period of time the vehicle may use the road, instead of road tolls that are based on distance travelled.

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Viktor Rossi

Viktor Rossi (born 31 October 1968) is a Swiss politician and civil servant.

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Villa rustica

Villa rustica was the term used by the ancient Romans to denote a farmhouse or villa set in the countryside and with an agricultural section, which applies to the vast majority of Roman villas.

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Vindonissa

Vindonissa (from a Gaulish toponym in *windo- "white") was a Roman legion camp, vicus and later a bishop's seat at modern Windisch, Switzerland.

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Viola Amherd

Viola Patricia Amherd (born 7 June 1962) is a Swiss politician who has served as a Member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2019, and as President of the Swiss Confederation for 2024 since 1 January.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Vladimir Prelog

Vladimir Prelog (23 July 1906 – 7 January 1998) was a Croatian-Swiss organic chemist who received the 1975 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions.

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Waldstätte

Waldstätte ("forested sites;" civitates silvestres) is a term which has been used since the early thirteenth century to refer to the Stätte (singular: Statt, "sites"), or later Ort (plural: Orte, "place") or Stand (plural: Stände, "estate") of the early confederate allies of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden in today's Central Switzerland.

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Wars of Kappel

The wars of Kappel (Kappelerkriege) is a collective term for two armed conflicts fought near Kappel am Albis between the Catholic and the Protestant cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy during the Reformation in Switzerland.

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West European Politics

West European Politics is a peer-reviewed academic journal of comparative politics focusing on Western Europe.

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Western Europe

Western Europe is the western region of Europe.

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Western European broadleaf forests

The Western European broadleaf forests is an ecoregion in Western Europe, and parts of the Alps.

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William Farel

William Farel (1489 – 13 September 1565), Guilhem Farel or Guillaume Farel, was a French evangelist, Protestant reformer and a founder of the Calvinist Church in the Principality of Neuchâtel, in the Republic of Geneva, and in Switzerland in the Canton of Bern and the (then occupied by Bern) Canton of Vaud.

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Wimbledon Championships

The Wimbledon Championships, commonly called Wimbledon, is the oldest tennis tournament in the world and is widely regarded as the most prestigious.

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Windisch, Switzerland

Windisch is a municipality in the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Winter sports

Winter sports or winter activities are competitive sports or non-competitive recreational activities which are played on snow or ice.

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World Economic Forum

The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-governmental organization, think tank, and lobbying organisation based in Cologny, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.

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World Intellectual Property Organization

The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO; Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (OMPI)) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN).

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World Touring Car Championship

The FIA World Touring Car Championship was an international touring car championship promoted by Eurosport Events and sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA).

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World Trade Organization

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland that regulates and facilitates international trade.

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World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

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World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

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Xenophobia

Xenophobia (from ξένος (xénos), "strange, foreign, or alien", and (phóbos), "fear") is the fear or dislike of anything which is perceived as being foreign or strange.

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Yodeling

Yodeling (also jodeling) is a form of singing which involves repeated and rapid changes of pitch between the low-pitch chest register (or "chest voice") and the high-pitch head register or falsetto.

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Zülpich

Zülpich (Zöllech) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany between Aachen and Bonn.

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Zürcher Geschnetzeltes

Zürcher Geschnetzeltes (German for "sliced meat Zürich style", Züri-Gschnätzlets in Zürich German, émincé de veau à la zurichoise in French) is a Swiss dish from Zürich.

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Züriputsch

The Züriputsch of 6 September 1839 was a putsch of the rural conservative population against the liberal rule of the city of Zürich on the eve of the formation of the Swiss federal state.

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Zermatt

Zermatt is a municipality in the district of Visp in the German-speaking section of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

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Zug

Zug (Standard German:, Alemannic German:; Zoug; Zugo; Zug; Tugium)Named in the 16th century.

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Zurich

Zurich (Zürich) is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich.

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Zurich Airport

Zurich Airport (Flughafen Zürich) is the largest international airport of Switzerland and the principal hub of Swiss International Air Lines.

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Zurich Insurance Group

Zurich Insurance Group Ltd is a Swiss insurance company, headquartered in Zürich, and the country's largest insurer.

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.ch

.ch is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Switzerland in the Domain Name System of the Internet.

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.swiss

.swiss is a top-level domain (TLD) for Switzerland.

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11th meridian east

The meridian 11° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

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1928 Winter Olympics

The 1928 Winter Olympics, officially known as the II Olympic Winter Games (IIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver; II.; II Giochi olimpici invernali; II Gieus olimpics d'enviern) and commonly known as St.

See Switzerland and 1928 Winter Olympics

1948 Winter Olympics

The 1948 Winter Olympics, officially known as the V Olympic Winter Games (V.; Ves Jeux olympiques d'hiver; V Giochi olimpici invernali; V Gieus olimpics d'enviern) and commonly known as St.

See Switzerland and 1948 Winter Olympics

1954 FIFA World Cup

The 1954 FIFA World Cup was the fifth edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football tournament for senior men's national teams of the nations affiliated to FIFA.

See Switzerland and 1954 FIFA World Cup

1955 Le Mans disaster

The 1955 Le Mans disaster was a major crash that occurred on 11 June 1955 during the 24 Hours of Le Mans motor race at Circuit de la Sarthe in Le Mans, Sarthe, France.

See Switzerland and 1955 Le Mans disaster

2000-watt society

The 2000-watt society concept, introduced in 1998 by the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zurich), aims to reduce the average primary energy use of First World citizens to no more than 2,000 watts (equivalent to 2 kilowatt-hours per hour or 48 kilowatt-hours per day) by 2050, without compromising their standard of living.

See Switzerland and 2000-watt society

2002 Swiss referendums

Eight referendums were held in Switzerland during 2002.

See Switzerland and 2002 Swiss referendums

2004 enlargement of the European Union

The largest enlargement of the European Union (EU), in terms of number of states and population, took place on 1 May 2004.

See Switzerland and 2004 enlargement of the European Union

2007–08 A1 Grand Prix season

The 2007–08 A1 Grand Prix season was the third season of A1 Grand Prix.

See Switzerland and 2007–08 A1 Grand Prix season

2009 ATP World Tour

The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) World Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the ATP.

See Switzerland and 2009 ATP World Tour

2009 IIHF World Championship

The 2009 IIHF World Championship took place in Switzerland from 24 April to 10 May.

See Switzerland and 2009 IIHF World Championship

2013 IIHF World Championship

The 2013 IIHF World Championship was the 77th event hosted by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), held in Stockholm, Sweden and Helsinki, Finland, between 3–19 May 2013.

See Switzerland and 2013 IIHF World Championship

2014 24 Hours of Le Mans

The 82nd 24 Hours of Le Mans (82e 24 Heures du Mans) was an 24-hour automobile endurance racing event for teams of three drivers entering Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars held from 11 to 15 June 2014 at the Circuit de la Sarthe close to Le Mans, France.

See Switzerland and 2014 24 Hours of Le Mans

2014 Swiss immigration initiative

In Switzerland, the federal popular initiative "against mass immigration" (Eidgenössische Volksinitiative "Gegen Masseneinwanderung"., Initiative populaire « Contre l'immigration de masse »., Iniziativa popolare "Contro l'immigrazione di massa".) was a referendum that aimed to limit immigration through quotas, as it had been prior to the bilateral treaties between Switzerland and the European Union (EU) launched in 2002.

See Switzerland and 2014 Swiss immigration initiative

2015 Swiss Federal Council election

An election for all seven members of the Federal Council, the Government of Switzerland, was held on 9 December 2015, following the federal election on 19 October 2015, for the 2016–2020 term.

See Switzerland and 2015 Swiss Federal Council election

45th parallel north

The 45th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 45 degrees north of Earth's equator.

See Switzerland and 45th parallel north

48th parallel north

The 48th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 48 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.

See Switzerland and 48th parallel north

5th meridian east

The meridian 5° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

See Switzerland and 5th meridian east

See also

Countries and territories where German is an official language

• Austria
• Belgium
• Electoral Palatinate
• German-speaking Community of Belgium
• German-speaking Switzerland
• Germany
• Liège Province
• Liechtenstein
• List of countries and territories where German is an official language
• Luxembourg
• Opole Voivodeship
• Region of Southern Denmark
• South Tyrol
• Switzerland
• Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol

Countries and territories where Italian is an official language

• Italy
• List of countries and territories where Italian is an official language
• San Marino
• Switzerland
• Vatican City

Federal republics

• Argentina
• Austria
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Brazil
• Ethiopia
• Federal republic
• Germany
• Iraq
• Mexico
• Nepal
• Nigeria
• Pakistan
• Russia
• Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
• Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
• Somalia
• South Sudan
• Soviet Union
• Sudan
• Switzerland
• Venezuela

Member states of the European Free Trade Association

• Iceland
• Liechtenstein
• Norway
• Passports of the EFTA member states
• Switzerland
• Visa requirements for EFTA nationals

OECD members

• Australia
• Austria
• Belgium
• Canada
• Chile
• Colombia
• Costa Rica
• Czech Republic
• Denmark
• Estonia
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Greece
• Hungary
• Iceland
• Italy
• Japan
• Lithuania
• Luxembourg
• Netherlands
• New Zealand
• Norway
• Poland
• Portugal
• Republic of Ireland
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• South Korea
• Spain
• Sweden
• Switzerland
• United Kingdom

States and territories established in 1848

• Alger (department)
• American Concession (Shanghai)
• Constantine Department
• County of Canning
• Crown Colony of Labuan
• Five Days of Milan
• Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune
• French Second Republic
• German Empire (1848–1849)
• Glen Arbor Township, Michigan
• Los Altos (state)
• Nueva Ecija
• Oran (department)
• Orange River Sovereignty
• Province of Posen
• Regions of Wisconsin
• Republic of Mosina
• Republic of San Marco
• Serbian Vojvodina
• Switzerland
• Switzerland as a federal state
• Toucouleur Empire
• Wisconsin

Western European countries

• Andorra
• Austria
• France
• Germany
• Liechtenstein
• Luxembourg
• Monaco
• Netherlands
• Switzerland

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland

Also known as Confederatio Helvetica, Confederation Helvetia, Confederation Helvetica, Confédération Suisse, Confederation of Helvatia, Confederation of Switzerland, Confederazione Svizzera, Confederaziun Svizra, Confoederatio Helvetica, Der Schweiz, Die Schweiz, Etymology of Switzerland, Flora of Switzerland, Helvetic Confederation, Helvetic confederaton, ISO 3166-1:CH, Land of the Swiss, Land of the Switzers, Schweitz, Schweiz, Schweizerisch, Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, Schwitzerland, Suisse, Suiza, Svissland, Svizra, Svizzera, Swiss Confederated States, Swiss Confederation, Swiss confederaton, SwissEnergy, Swisserland, Swissland, Swisterland, Switserland, Switzeland, Switzer land, Switzerlandic, Swizerland, Swizterland, Wildlife of Switzerland, Švýcarsko.

, Barry Callebaut, Basel, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bathyscaphe, Battle of Bibracte, Battle of Marignano, Battle of Näfels, Battle of Sempach, Büsingen am Hochrhein, Beat Jans, Bellinzona, Berchtold Haller, Bern, Bern Airport, Bernese Alps, Bernina Range, Bicameralism, Bilateralism, Biocapacity, Blaise Cendrars, BLS AG, Bobsleigh, Border checkpoint, Brusio, Buddhism, Buddhism in Switzerland, Burgundy, Byte, Camargue, Campione d'Italia, Cannabis in Switzerland, Canton of Bern, Canton of Fribourg, Canton of Geneva, Canton of Glarus, Canton of Jura, Canton of Lucerne, Canton of Neuchâtel, Canton of Schaffhausen, Canton of Schwyz, Canton of Solothurn, Canton of St. Gallen, Canton of Uri, Canton of Zug, Canton of Zurich, Cantons of Switzerland, Carolingian Empire, Catholic Church in Switzerland, Central European Summer Time, Central European Time, Central Switzerland, CERN, Chancellor of Switzerland, Charlemagne, Charles Ferdinand Ramuz, Charles the Bold, Chasselas, Chemical industry, Chiasso, Chinook wind, Chocolate, Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland, Christianity, Chur, Church tax, Cisalpine Republic, Citizen legislature, Clay Regazzoni, Climate change, Clovis I, Coins of the Swiss franc, Cold War, Common Era, Conching, Confederation, Confidence interval, Congress of Vienna, Conrad Grebel, Conscription in Switzerland, Consociationalism, Constitution of the United States, Constitutional amendment, Coop (Switzerland), Cooperative, Cornol, Corruption Perceptions Index, Cost of living, Council of Europe, Council of States (Switzerland), Court of Arbitration for Sport, Credit Suisse, Culture of Europe, Currency union, Dairy product, Daniel Peter, Davis Cup, Davos, De jure, Delémont, Developed country, Diazepam, Didier Cuche, Diglossia, Direct democracy, Directorial system, Dominique Aegerter, Double majority, Dublin Regulation, Duchy of Austria, Duchy of Burgundy, Duden, Early Middle Ages, Early modern Switzerland, Ease of doing business index, East Francia, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Ecological footprint, Economy of Switzerland, Edmond H. 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