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Twelve-tone technique

Index Twelve-tone technique

Twelve-tone technique—also known as dodecaphony, twelve-tone serialism, and (in British usage) twelve-note composition—is a method of musical composition devised by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951) and associated with the "Second Viennese School" composers, who were the primary users of the technique in the first decades of its existence. [1]

83 relations: Aaron Copland, Alban Berg, Alexander Scriabin, All-interval tetrachord, All-interval twelve-tone row, All-trichord hexachord, Anton Webern, Arnold Schoenberg, Atonality, Axiom, Béla Bartók, Benjamin Britten, Candide (operetta), Carl Ruggles, Cell (music), Charles Wuorinen, Chromatic scale, Combinatoriality, Counterpoint, Cyclic permutation, Derived row, Diminished triad, Dominant (music), Droopy, Equal temperament, Ernst Krenek, Factorial, George Perle, Hanns Eisler, Harmony, Hexachord, Humphrey Searle, Igor Stravinsky, Integer, Interval (music), Invariant (mathematics), Inversion (music), Josef Matthias Hauer, Key (music), Klein four-group, Le Marteau sans maître, Leonard Bernstein, Leonard Stein, Level (music), List of dodecaphonic and serial compositions, List of tone rows and series, Luciano Berio, Luigi Dallapiccola, Major third, Metre (music), ..., Milton Babbitt, Musical composition, Octave, Ogg, Ostinato, Permutation (music), Pierre Boulez, Pitch (music), Pitch class, Pitch interval, Puttin' on the Dog, Register (music), Riccardo Malipiero, Rudolph Reti, Scott Bradley (composer), Second Viennese School, Semitone, Serialism, Set (music), Simultaneity (music), Symmetry, Symphonic poem, Tetrachord, Tom and Jerry, Ton de Leeuw, Tonality, Tone row, Tonic (music), Transformation (music), Transposition (music), Trichord, Twelve-tone technique, Variations for Orchestra (Schoenberg). Expand index (33 more) »

Aaron Copland

Aaron Copland (November 14, 1900December 2, 1990) was an American composer, composition teacher, writer, and later a conductor of his own and other American music.

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Alban Berg

Alban Maria Johannes Berg (February 9, 1885 – December 24, 1935) was an Austrian composer of the Second Viennese School.

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Alexander Scriabin

Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin (Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Скря́бин; –) was a Russian composer and pianist.

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All-interval tetrachord

An all-interval tetrachord is a tetrachord, a collection of four pitch classes, containing all six interval classes.

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All-interval twelve-tone row

In music, an all-interval twelve-tone row, series, or chord, is a twelve-tone tone row arranged so that it contains one instance of each interval within the octave, 1 through 11 (an ordering of every interval, 0 through 11, that contains each (ordered) pitch-interval class, 0 through 11).

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All-trichord hexachord

In music, the all-trichord hexachord is a unique hexachord that contains all twelve trichords, or from which all twelve possible trichords may be derived.

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Anton Webern

Anton Friedrich Wilhelm (von) Webern (3 December 188315 September 1945) was an Austrian composer and conductor.

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Arnold Schoenberg

Arnold Franz Walter Schoenberg or Schönberg (13 September 187413 July 1951) was an Austrian-American composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter.

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Atonality

Atonality in its broadest sense is music that lacks a tonal center, or key.

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Axiom

An axiom or postulate is a statement that is taken to be true, to serve as a premise or starting point for further reasoning and arguments.

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Béla Bartók

Béla Viktor János Bartók (25 March 1881 – 26 September 1945) was a Hungarian composer, pianist and an ethnomusicologist.

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Benjamin Britten

Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten of Aldeburgh (22 November 1913 – 4 December 1976) was an English composer, conductor and pianist.

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Candide (operetta)

Candide is an operetta with music composed by Leonard Bernstein, based on the 1759 novella of the same name by Voltaire.

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Carl Ruggles

Charles Sprague "Carl" Ruggles (March 11, 1876 – October 24, 1971) was an American composer.

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Cell (music)

The 1957 Encyclopédie Laroussequoted in Nattiez, Jean-Jacques (1990).

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Charles Wuorinen

Charles Peter Wuorinen (born June 9, 1938) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American composer of contemporary classical music based in New York City.

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Chromatic scale

The chromatic scale is a musical scale with twelve pitches, each a semitone above or below its adjacent pitches.

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Combinatoriality

In music using the twelve tone technique, combinatoriality is a quality shared by twelve-tone tone rows whereby each section of a row and a proportionate number of its transformations combine to form aggregates (all twelve tones).

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Counterpoint

In music, counterpoint is the relationship between voices that are harmonically interdependent (polyphony) yet independent in rhythm and contour.

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Cyclic permutation

In mathematics, and in particular in group theory, a cyclic permutation (or cycle) is a permutation of the elements of some set X which maps the elements of some subset S of X to each other in a cyclic fashion, while fixing (that is, mapping to themselves) all other elements of X. If S has k elements, the cycle is called a k-cycle.

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Derived row

The term "partition" is also French for the sheet music of a transcription. In music using the twelve-tone technique, derivation is the construction of a row through segments.

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Diminished triad

In music, a diminished triad, also known as the minor flatted fifth (m5), is a triad consisting of two minor thirds above the root — if built on C, a diminished triad would have a C, an E and a G. It resembles a minor triad with a lowered (flattened) fifth.

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Dominant (music)

In music, the dominant is the fifth scale degree of the diatonic scale, called "dominant" because it is next in importance to the tonic, and a dominant chord is any chord built upon that pitch, using the notes of the same diatonic scale.

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Droopy

Droopy is an animated character from the Golden Age of American Animation: an anthropomorphic dog with a droopy face, hence the name Droopy.

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Equal temperament

An equal temperament is a musical temperament, or a system of tuning, in which the frequency interval between every pair of adjacent notes has the same ratio.

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Ernst Krenek

Ernst Krenek (August 23, 1900December 22, 1991) was an Austrian, later American, composer of Czech origin.

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Factorial

In mathematics, the factorial of a non-negative integer n, denoted by n!, is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to n. For example, The value of 0! is 1, according to the convention for an empty product.

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George Perle

George Perle (May 6, 1915 – January 23, 2009) was a composer and music theorist.

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Hanns Eisler

Hanns Eisler (6 July 1898 – 6 September 1962) was an Austrian composer (his father was Austrian, and Eisler fought in a Hungarian regiment in World War I).

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Harmony

In music, harmony considers the process by which the composition of individual sounds, or superpositions of sounds, is analysed by hearing.

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Hexachord

In music, a hexachord (also hexachordon) is a six-note series, as exhibited in a scale or tone row.

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Humphrey Searle

Humphrey Searle (26 August 191512 May 1982) was an English composer.

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Igor Stravinsky

Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (ˈiɡərʲ ˈfʲɵdərəvʲɪtɕ strɐˈvʲinskʲɪj; 6 April 1971) was a Russian-born composer, pianist, and conductor.

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Integer

An integer (from the Latin ''integer'' meaning "whole")Integer 's first literal meaning in Latin is "untouched", from in ("not") plus tangere ("to touch").

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Interval (music)

In music theory, an interval is the difference between two pitches.

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Invariant (mathematics)

In mathematics, an invariant is a property, held by a class of mathematical objects, which remains unchanged when transformations of a certain type are applied to the objects.

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Inversion (music)

There are inverted chords, inverted melodies, inverted intervals, and (in counterpoint) inverted voices.

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Josef Matthias Hauer

Josef Matthias Hauer (March 19, 1883 – September 22, 1959) was an Austrian composer and music theorist.

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Key (music)

In music theory, the key of a piece is the group of pitches, or scale, that forms the basis of a music composition in classical, Western art, and Western pop music.

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Klein four-group

In mathematics, the Klein four-group (or just Klein group or Vierergruppe, four-group, often symbolized by the letter V or as K4) is the group, the direct product of two copies of the cyclic group of order 2.

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Le Marteau sans maître

Le Marteau sans maître (The Hammer without a Master) is a composition by French composer Pierre Boulez.

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Leonard Bernstein

Leonard Bernstein (August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, author, music lecturer, and pianist.

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Leonard Stein

Leonard David Stein (December 1, 1916 – June 23 or 25, 2004) was a musicologist, pianist, conductor, university teacher, and influential in promoting contemporary music on the American West Coast.

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Level (music)

A level,van der Merwe, Peter (1989).

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List of dodecaphonic and serial compositions

No description.

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List of tone rows and series

This is a list of tone rows and series.

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Luciano Berio

Luciano Berio, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (October 24, 1925 – May 27, 2003) was an Italian composer.

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Luigi Dallapiccola

Luigi Dallapiccola (February 3, 1904 – February 19, 1975) was an Italian composer known for his lyrical twelve-tone compositions.

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Major third

In classical music from Western culture, a third is a musical interval encompassing three staff positions (see Interval number for more details), and the major third is a third spanning four semitones.

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Metre (music)

In music, metre (Am. meter) refers to the regularly recurring patterns and accents such as bars and beats.

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Milton Babbitt

Milton Byron Babbitt (May 10, 1916 – January 29, 2011) was an American composer, music theorist, and teacher.

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Musical composition

Musical composition can refer to an original piece of music, either a song or an instrumental music piece, the structure of a musical piece, or the process of creating or writing a new song or piece of music.

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Octave

In music, an octave (octavus: eighth) or perfect octave is the interval between one musical pitch and another with half or double its frequency.

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Ogg

Ogg is a free, open container format maintained by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

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Ostinato

In music, an ostinato (derived from Italian: stubborn, compare English, from Latin: 'obstinate') is a motif or phrase that persistently repeats in the same musical voice, frequently at the same pitch.

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Permutation (music)

In music, a permutation (order) of a set is any ordering of the elements of that set.

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Pierre Boulez

Pierre Louis Joseph Boulez CBE (26 March 1925 – 5 January 2016) was a French composer, conductor, writer and founder of institutions.

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Pitch (music)

Pitch is a perceptual property of sounds that allows their ordering on a frequency-related scale, or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies.

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Pitch class

In music, a pitch class (p.c. or pc) is a set of all pitches that are a whole number of octaves apart, e.g., the pitch class C consists of the Cs in all octaves.

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Pitch interval

In musical set theory, a pitch interval (PI or ip) is the number of semitones that separates one pitch from another, upward or downward.

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Puttin' on the Dog

Puttin' on the Dog is a 1944 American one-reel animated cartoon and is the 16th Tom and Jerry short directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby.

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Register (music)

In music, a register is the relative "height" or range of a note, set of pitches or pitch classes, melody, part, instrument, or group of instruments.

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Riccardo Malipiero

Riccardo Malipiero (24 July 1914 – 27 November 2003) was an Italian composer, pianist, and music educator.

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Rudolph Reti

Rudolph Reti, also Réti (translit; November 27, 1885 – February 7, 1957), was a musical analyst, composer and pianist.

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Scott Bradley (composer)

Scott Bradley (November 26, 1891 – April 27, 1977) was an American composer, pianist, arranger, and conductor.

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Second Viennese School

The Second Viennese School (Zweite Wiener Schule, Neue Wiener Schule) is the group of composers that comprised Arnold Schoenberg and his pupils and close associates in early 20th century Vienna, where he lived and taught, sporadically, between 1903 and 1925.

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Semitone

A semitone, also called a half step or a half tone, is the smallest musical interval commonly used in Western tonal music, and it is considered the most dissonant when sounded harmonically.

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Serialism

In music, serialism is a method of composition using series of pitches, rhythms, dynamics, timbres or other musical elements.

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Set (music)

A set (pitch set, pitch-class set, set class, set form, set genus, pitch collection) in music theory, as in mathematics and general parlance, is a collection of objects.

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Simultaneity (music)

In music, a simultaneity is more than one complete musical texture occurring at the same time, rather than in succession.

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Symmetry

Symmetry (from Greek συμμετρία symmetria "agreement in dimensions, due proportion, arrangement") in everyday language refers to a sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance.

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Symphonic poem

A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music, usually in a single continuous movement, which illustrates or evokes the content of a poem, short story, novel, painting, landscape, or other (non-musical) source.

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Tetrachord

In music theory, a tetrachord (τετράχορδoν, tetrachordum) is a series of four notes separated by three smaller intervals.

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Tom and Jerry

Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940 by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.

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Ton de Leeuw

Antonius Wilhelmus Adrianus de Leeuw (born Rotterdam, 16 November 1926; died Paris, 31 May 1996) was a Dutch composer.

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Tonality

Tonality is the arrangement of pitches and/or chords of a musical work in a hierarchy of perceived relations, stabilities, attractions and directionality.

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Tone row

In music, a tone row or note row (Reihe or Tonreihe), also series or set,George Perle, Serial Composition and Atonality: An Introduction to the Music of Schoenberg, Berg, and Webern, fourth Edition (Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1977): 3.

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Tonic (music)

In music, the tonic is the first scale degree of a diatonic scale (the first note of a scale) and the tonal center or final resolution tone that is commonly used in the final cadence in tonal (musical key-based) classical music, popular music and traditional music.

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Transformation (music)

In music, a transformation consists of any operation or process that may apply to a musical variable (usually a set or tone row in twelve tone music, or a melody or chord progression in tonal music), or rhythm in composition, performance, or analysis.

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Transposition (music)

In music transposition refers to the process, or operation, of moving a collection of notes (pitches or pitch classes) up or down in pitch by a constant interval.

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Trichord

In music theory, a trichord is a group of three different pitch classes found within a larger group.

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Twelve-tone technique

Twelve-tone technique—also known as dodecaphony, twelve-tone serialism, and (in British usage) twelve-note composition—is a method of musical composition devised by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951) and associated with the "Second Viennese School" composers, who were the primary users of the technique in the first decades of its existence.

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Variations for Orchestra (Schoenberg)

Variations for Orchestra, Op.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve-tone_technique

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