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Escape velocity

Index Escape velocity

In physics, escape velocity is the minimum speed needed for an object to escape from the gravitational influence of a massive body. [1]

216 relations: Advanced Cryogenic Evolved Stage, Aeronautics, Amalthea (moon), Apollo 10, Apollo 8, Asteroid capture, Asteroid impact avoidance, Atlas-Agena, Atmosphere, Atmosphere of the Moon, Atmospheric escape, Autonomous spaceport drone ship, Ballistics, Big Crunch, Black hole, Blastaar, Brake (Anderson), Characters of Blake's 7, Chemical Automatics Design Bureau, China National Space Administration, Circular orbit, Colonization of the Moon, Colonization of the outer Solar System, Columbiad, Compact star, Dark star (Newtonian mechanics), Deimos (moon), Delta-v budget, Dwarf planet, Earth, Earth Similarity Index, Effects of nuclear explosions, Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster, Escape Velocity (disambiguation), Event horizon, Exoplanetology, ʻOumuamua, Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy, Falcon Heavy test flight, Floating cities and islands in fiction, From the Earth to the Moon, Future of an expanding universe, Fuzzball (string theory), Galactic halo, Geocentric orbit, Geology of Mercury, Giant-impact hypothesis, Globular cluster, Glossary of civil engineering, ..., Glossary of engineering, Glossary of physics, Glossary of structural engineering, Gravitational constant, Gravitational potential, Gravitational redshift, Gravitational time dilation, Gravity, Gravity assist, Gravity well, Green fireballs, Gullstrand–Painlevé coordinates, HD 209458 b, HE 0437-5439, Heliosphere, Hohmann transfer orbit, HVGC-1, HVS 7, Hydrodynamic escape, Hyperbola, Hyperbolic trajectory, Hypercompact stellar system, Hypervelocity, Ice giant, Impact crater, Impact event, Impact survival, Index of physics articles (E), Intergalactic star, Intergalactic travel, Interplanetary spaceflight, Interstellar probe, Isotope geochemistry, John Michell, Judica-Cordiglia brothers, Kinetic energy, Kliper, Kosmos 146, Launch loop, Launch vehicle, Linear motor, List of Ace SF numeric-series single titles, List of Ace single volumes, List of Ace titles in numeric series, List of Angels in Neon Genesis Evangelion, List of artificial objects leaving the Solar System, List of Atlas launches (1970–1979), List of fictional plants, List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System, List of Gurren Lagann characters, List of mathematical topics in classical mechanics, List of missions to minor planets, List of near-parabolic comets, List of orbits, List of R-7 launches (1957–1959), List of Solar System extremes, List of space flight simulator games, List of spaceflight records, List of Titan launches, List of Valvrave the Liberator episodes, List of vehicle speed records, Lithobraking, Luna 1, Mach 37, MACHO 176.18833.411, Manhole cover, Mark Monero, Mars Orbiter Mission, Mass driver, Mass segregation (astronomy), Max Mercury, Medium Earth orbit, Mercury (planet), Meteorite, Meteoroid, Micro black hole, Mister Atom, Moon landing, Multistage rocket, Museum of Science Fiction, Neutron star, New Horizons, Newton's cannonball, NGC 3109, NGC 3201, Nibiru cataclysm, Non-rocket spacelaunch, Nuclear photonic rocket, Nuclear salt-water rocket, Oberth effect, Open cluster, Operation Plumbbob, Orbit, Orbit equation, Orbit insertion, Orbital mechanics, Orbital speed, Orders of magnitude (energy), Orders of magnitude (speed), Origin of the Moon, Outer space, Parabola, Parabolic trajectory, Photoevaporation, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Pioneer 10, Pioneer 11, Pioneer program, Planetary habitability, Poincaré recurrence theorem, Primary atmosphere, Project Orion (nuclear propulsion), Pulsar kick, Radial trajectory, Radiation pressure, Railgun, Range of a projectile, RAVE (survey), RD-0109, Relativistic Newtonian dynamics, Robert H. Goddard, Rocket, Rocketdyne H-1, Saturn, Saturn I, Solar wind, Space colonization, Space elevator, Space elevator safety, Space gun, Space probe, Spacecraft propulsion, Specific energy, Specific orbital energy, Speed, Stellar evolution, Stellar kinematics, Sun, Super High Altitude Research Project, Super Sonico, Surface gravity, TAU (spacecraft), Thebe (moon), Theoretical astronomy, Timeline of black hole physics, Timeline of Rosetta spacecraft, Timeline of Russian innovation, Timeline of space exploration, Titanium Man, UNIT, US 708, UScoCTIO 108, Velocity, Vila Restal, Vis-viva equation, Voronezh Mechanical Plant, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, Water cycle, Weakly interacting massive particles, Wernher von Braun, Wind, World Jump Day, Z Pulsed Power Facility, 243 Ida, 951 Gaspra. Expand index (166 more) »

Advanced Cryogenic Evolved Stage

The Advanced Cryogenic Evolved Stage (ACES), formerly the Advanced Common Evolved Stage, is a proposed liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen upper-stage rocket for use on the Vulcan space launch vehicle.

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Aeronautics

Aeronautics (from the ancient Greek words ὰήρ āēr, which means "air", and ναυτική nautikē which means "navigation", i.e. "navigation into the air") is the science or art involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of air flight capable machines, and the techniques of operating aircraft and rockets within the atmosphere.

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Amalthea (moon)

Amalthea (Ἀμάλθεια) is the third moon of Jupiter in order of distance from the planet.

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Apollo 10

Apollo 10 was the fourth manned mission in the United States Apollo space program, and the second (after Apollo 8) to orbit the Moon.

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Apollo 8

Apollo 8, the second manned spaceflight mission in the United States Apollo space program, was launched on December 21, 1968, and became the first manned spacecraft to leave Earth orbit, reach the Earth's Moon, orbit it and return safely to Earth.

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Asteroid capture

Asteroid capture is the entering by an asteroid into an orbit around a larger planetary body.

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Asteroid impact avoidance

Asteroid impact avoidance comprises a number of methods by which near-Earth objects (NEO) could be diverted, preventing destructive impact events.

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Atlas-Agena

The Atlas-Agena was an American expendable launch system derived from the SM-65 Atlas missile.

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Atmosphere

An atmosphere is a layer or a set of layers of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body.

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Atmosphere of the Moon

The atmosphere of the Moon is a very scant presence of gases surrounding the Moon.

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Atmospheric escape

Atmospheric escape is the loss of planetary atmospheric gases to outer space.

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Autonomous spaceport drone ship

An autonomous spaceport drone ship (ASDS) is an ocean-going vessel derived from a deck barge, outfitted with station-keeping engines and a large landing platform.

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Ballistics

Ballistics is the field of mechanics that deals with the launching, flight, behavior, and effects of projectiles, especially bullets, unguided bombs, rockets, or the like; the science or art of designing and accelerating projectiles so as to achieve a desired performance.

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Big Crunch

The Big Crunch is one possible scenario for the ultimate fate of the universe, in which the metric expansion of space eventually reverses and the universe recollapses, ultimately causing the cosmic scale factor to reach zero or causing a reformation of the universe starting with another Big Bang.

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Black hole

A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing—not even particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from inside it.

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Blastaar

Blastaar, sometimes called the Living Bomb-Burst and Blasstaar, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

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Brake (Anderson)

"Brake" is a science fiction short story by Poul Anderson that was first published in 1957 in Astounding Science Fiction and reprinted in the collections Beyond the Beyond (1969) and The Psychotechnic League (1981).

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Characters of Blake's 7

This is a list of characters from Blake's 7, a media franchise created by Terry Nation.

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Chemical Automatics Design Bureau

Chemical Automatics Design Bureau (CADB), also KB Khimavtomatika (Конструкторское бюро химавтоматики, КБХА, KBKhA), is a Russian design bureau founded by the NKAP (People's Commissariat of the Aircraft Industry) in 1941 and led by Semyon Kosberg until his death in 1965.

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China National Space Administration

The China National Space Administration (CNSA) is the national space agency of China.

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Circular orbit

A circular orbit is the orbit with a fixed distance around the barycenter, that is, in the shape of a circle.

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Colonization of the Moon

The colonization of the Moon is a proposed establishment of permanent human communities or robotic industries on the Moon.

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Colonization of the outer Solar System

Many parts of the outer Solar System have been considered for possible future colonization.

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Columbiad

The columbiad was a large-caliber, smoothbore, muzzle-loading cannon able to fire heavy projectiles at both high and low trajectories.

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Compact star

In astronomy, the term "compact star" (or "compact object") refers collectively to white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes.

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Dark star (Newtonian mechanics)

A dark star is a theoretical object compatible with Newtonian mechanics that, due to its large mass, has a surface escape velocity that equals or exceeds the speed of light.

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Deimos (moon)

Deimos (systematic designation: Mars II) is the smaller and outer of the two natural satellites of the planet Mars, the other being Phobos.

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Delta-v budget

In astrodynamics and aerospace, a delta-v budget is an estimate of the total delta-''v'' required for a space mission.

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Dwarf planet

A dwarf planet is a planetary-mass object that is neither a planet nor a natural satellite.

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Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.

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Earth Similarity Index

The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) is a proposed characterization of how similar a planetary-mass object or natural satellite is to Earth.

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Effects of nuclear explosions

The energy released from a nuclear weapon detonated in the troposphere can be divided into four basic categories.

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Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster

Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster is an electric sports car that was the dummy payload for the Falcon Heavy test flight in February 2018.

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Escape Velocity (disambiguation)

Escape velocity is the minimum speed an object without propulsion needs to have to move away indefinitely from the source of the gravity field.

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Event horizon

In general relativity, an event horizon is a region in spacetime beyond which events cannot affect an outside observer.

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Exoplanetology

Exoplanetology, or exoplanetary science, is an integrated field of astronomical science dedicated to the search and study of exoplanets (extrasolar planets).

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ʻOumuamua

ʻOumuamua is a mildly active comet, and the first known interstellar object to pass through the Solar System.

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Falcon 9

Falcon 9 is a family of two-stage-to-orbit medium lift launch vehicles, named for its use of nine Merlin first-stage engines, designed and manufactured by SpaceX.

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Falcon Heavy

Falcon Heavy is a partially reusable heavy-lift launch vehicle designed and manufactured by SpaceX.

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Falcon Heavy test flight

The Falcon Heavy Test Flight (also known as Falcon Heavy demonstration mission) was the first attempt by SpaceX to launch a Falcon Heavy rocket on February 6, 2018 at 20:45UTC.

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Floating cities and islands in fiction

In speculative fiction, floating cities and islands are a common trope, which range from cities and islands that float on water to ones that float in the atmosphere of a planet by scientific or magical means.

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From the Earth to the Moon

From the Earth to the Moon (De la terre à la lune) is an 1865 novel by Jules Verne.

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Future of an expanding universe

Observations suggest that the expansion of the universe will continue forever.

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Fuzzball (string theory)

Fuzzballs are theorized by some superstring theory scientists to be the true quantum description of black holes.

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Galactic halo

A galactic halo is an extended, roughly spherical component of a galaxy which extends beyond the main, visible component.

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Geocentric orbit

A geocentric orbit or Earth orbit involves any object orbiting Planet Earth, such as the Moon or artificial satellites.

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Geology of Mercury

The geology of Mercury is the least understood of all the terrestrial planets in the Solar System.

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Giant-impact hypothesis

The giant-impact hypothesis, sometimes called the Big Splash, or the Theia Impact suggests that the Moon formed out of the debris left over from a collision between Earth and an astronomical body the size of Mars, approximately 4.5 billion years ago, in the Hadean eon; about 20 to 100 million years after the solar system coalesced.

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Globular cluster

A globular cluster is a spherical collection of stars that orbits a galactic core as a satellite.

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Glossary of civil engineering

Most of the terms listed in Wikipedia glossaries are already defined and explained within Wikipedia itself.

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Glossary of engineering

Most of the terms listed in Wikipedia glossaries are already defined and explained within Wikipedia itself.

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Glossary of physics

Most of the terms listed in Wikipedia glossaries are already defined and explained within Wikipedia itself.

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Glossary of structural engineering

Most of the terms listed in Wikipedia glossaries are already defined and explained within Wikipedia itself.

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Gravitational constant

The gravitational constant (also known as the "universal gravitational constant", the "Newtonian constant of gravitation", or the "Cavendish gravitational constant"), denoted by the letter, is an empirical physical constant involved in the calculation of gravitational effects in Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation and in Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity.

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Gravitational potential

In classical mechanics, the gravitational potential at a location is equal to the work (energy transferred) per unit mass that would be needed to move the object from a fixed reference location to the location of the object.

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Gravitational redshift

In astrophysics, gravitational redshift or Einstein shift is the process by which electromagnetic radiation originating from a source that is in a gravitational field is reduced in frequency, or redshifted, when observed in a region at a higher gravitational potential.

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Gravitational time dilation

Gravitational time dilation is a form of time dilation, an actual difference of elapsed time between two events as measured by observers situated at varying distances from a gravitating mass.

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Gravity

Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.

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Gravity assist

In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing-by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense.

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Gravity well

A gravity well or gravitational well is a conceptual model of the gravitational field surrounding a body in space – the more massive the body, the deeper and more extensive the gravity well associated with it.

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Green fireballs

Green fireballs are a type of unidentified flying object which have been sighted in the sky since the late 1940s.

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Gullstrand–Painlevé coordinates

Gullstrand–Painlevé coordinates are a particular set of coordinates for the Schwarzschild metric – a solution to the Einstein field equations which describes a black hole.

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HD 209458 b

HD 209458 b, also given the nickname Osiris,http://exoplanets.co/exoplanets-tutorial/extrasolar-planet-hd-209458-b.html is an exoplanet that orbits the solar analog HD 209458 in the constellation Pegasus, some 159 light-years from the Solar System.

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HE 0437-5439

HE 0437-5439 is a massive, unbound hypervelocity star (HVS), also called HVS3.

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Heliosphere

The heliosphere is the bubble-like region of space dominated by the Sun, which extends far beyond the orbit of Pluto.

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Hohmann transfer orbit

In orbital mechanics, the Hohmann transfer orbit is an elliptical orbit used to transfer between two circular orbits of different radii in the same plane.

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HVGC-1

HVGC-1 is the first discovered hypervelocity globular cluster.

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HVS 7

HVS 7 -- hyper-velocity star 7, otherwise known as SDSS J113312.12+010824.9 is a rare star that has been accelerated to faster than our Milky Way Galaxy's escape velocity.

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Hydrodynamic escape

Hydrodynamic escape refers to a thermal atmospheric escape mechanism that can lead to the escape of heavier atoms of a planetary atmosphere through numerous collisions with lighter atoms.

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Hyperbola

In mathematics, a hyperbola (plural hyperbolas or hyperbolae) is a type of smooth curve lying in a plane, defined by its geometric properties or by equations for which it is the solution set.

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Hyperbolic trajectory

In astrodynamics or celestial mechanics, a hyperbolic trajectory is the trajectory of any object around a central body with more than enough speed to escape the central object's gravitational pull.

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Hypercompact stellar system

A hypercompact stellar system (HCSS) is a dense cluster of stars around a supermassive black hole that has been ejected from the center of its host galaxy.

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Hypervelocity

Hypervelocity is very high velocity, approximately over 3,000 meters per second (6,700 mph, 11,000 km/h, 10,000 ft/s, or Mach 8.8).

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Ice giant

An ice giant is a giant planet composed mainly of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, such as oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.

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Impact crater

An impact crater is an approximately circular depression in the surface of a planet, moon, or other solid body in the Solar System or elsewhere, formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller body.

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Impact event

An impact event is a collision between astronomical objects causing measurable effects.

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Impact survival

Impact survival is a theory that life, usually in the form of microbial bacteria, can survive under the extreme conditions they are exposed to during a major impact event, such as a meteorite striking the surface of a planet.

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Index of physics articles (E)

The index of physics articles is split into multiple pages due to its size.

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Intergalactic star

An intergalactic star, also known as an intracluster star or a rogue star, is a star not gravitationally bound to any galaxy.

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Intergalactic travel

Intergalactic travel is the term used for hypothetical manned or unmanned travel between galaxies.

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Interplanetary spaceflight

Interplanetary spaceflight or interplanetary travel is travel between planets, usually within a single planetary system.

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Interstellar probe

An interstellar probe is a space probe that has left—or is expected to leave—the Solar System and enter interstellar space, which is typically defined as the region beyond the heliopause.

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Isotope geochemistry

Isotope geochemistry is an aspect of geology based upon the study of natural variations in the relative abundances of isotopes of various elements.

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John Michell

John Michell (25 December 1724 – 29 April 1793) was an English natural philosopher and clergyman who provided pioneering insights in a wide range of scientific fields, including astronomy, geology, optics, and gravitation.

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Judica-Cordiglia brothers

The Judica-Cordiglia brothers are two italian former amateur radio operators who made audio recordings that allegedly support the conspiracy theory that the Soviet space program covered up cosmonaut deaths in the 1960s.

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Kinetic energy

In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion.

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Kliper

Kliper (Клипер, English: Clipper) was an early-2000s proposed partly- reusable manned spacecraft concept by RSC Energia.

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Kosmos 146

Kosmos 146 was a Soviet test satellite precursor to the Zond series, launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome aboard a Proton K rocket.

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Launch loop

A launch loop or Lofstrom loop is a proposed system for launching objects into space orbit using a moving cable-like system situated inside a sheath attached to the Earth at two ends and suspended above the atmosphere in the middle.

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Launch vehicle

A launch vehicle or carrier rocket is a rocket used to carry a payload from Earth's surface through outer space, either to another surface point (suborbital), or into space (Earth orbit or beyond).

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Linear motor

A linear motor is an electric motor that has had its stator and rotor "unrolled" so that instead of producing a torque (rotation) it produces a linear force along its length.

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List of Ace SF numeric-series single titles

Ace Books have published hundreds of science fiction titles, starting in 1953.

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List of Ace single volumes

Ace Books began publishing genre fiction in 1952.

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List of Ace titles in numeric series

In January 1969, Ace Books switched from a letter-series code for its books to a numeric series.

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List of Angels in Neon Genesis Evangelion

In the anime and manga Neon Genesis Evangelion, are beings who attack Tokyo-3 throughout the story.

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List of artificial objects leaving the Solar System

Below is a list of artificial objects leaving the Solar System.

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List of Atlas launches (1970–1979)

No description.

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List of fictional plants

This list of fictional plants describes invented plants that appear in works of fiction.

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List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System

This is a list of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System, which are objects that have a rounded, ellipsoidal shape due to the forces of their own gravity (hydrostatic equilibrium).

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List of Gurren Lagann characters

This is a list of primary characters from the anime series Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann.

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List of mathematical topics in classical mechanics

This is a list of mathematical topics in classical mechanics, by Wikipedia page.

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List of missions to minor planets

As of 2016, the United States, Japan, the European Space Agency and the People's Republic of China have conducted missions to minor planets.

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List of near-parabolic comets

The following is a list of comets with a very high eccentricity (generally 0.99 or higher) and a period of over 1,000 years that don't quite have a high enough velocity to escape the Solar System.

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List of orbits

The following is a list of types of orbits.

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List of R-7 launches (1957–1959)

This is a list of launches made by the R-7 Semyorka ICBM, and its derivatives between 1957 and 1959.

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List of Solar System extremes

This article describes extreme locations of the Solar System.

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List of space flight simulator games

This is a comprehensive index of commercial, indie and freeware space flight simulator games.

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List of spaceflight records

This is a list of spaceflight records.

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List of Titan launches

This is a list of launches made by the LGM-25 Titan ICBMs, and their derivatives.

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List of Valvrave the Liberator episodes

Valvrave the Liberator is a 2013 Japanese mecha anime series.

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List of vehicle speed records

The following is a list of speed records for various categories of vehicles.

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Lithobraking

Lithobraking is a landing technique used by unmanned space vehicles to safely reach the surface of a celestial body while reducing landing speed by impact with the body's surface.

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Luna 1

Luna 1, also known as Mechta (Мечта, lit.: Dream), E-1 No.4 and First Lunar Rover, was the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Earth's Moon, and the first spacecraft to be placed in heliocentric orbit.

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Mach 37

MACH37 is an American seed accelerator and a division of the Virginia-based Center for Innovative Technology which receives financial support from the Virginia State Government.

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MACHO 176.18833.411

MACHO 176.18833.411 (OGLE BLG-RRLYR-10353) is an RR Lyrae variable star located in the galactic bulge of our Milky Way Galaxy.

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Manhole cover

A manhole cover is a removable plate forming the lid over the opening of a manhole, to prevent anyone or anything from falling in, and to keep out unauthorized persons and material.

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Mark Monero

Mark Monero (born 1968) is a British actor and musician.

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Mars Orbiter Mission

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan ("Mars-craft", from मंगल mangala, "Mars" and यान yāna, "craft, vehicle"), is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014.

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Mass driver

A mass driver or electromagnetic catapult is a proposed method of non-rocket spacelaunch which would use a linear motor to accelerate and catapult payloads up to high speeds.

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Mass segregation (astronomy)

In astronomy, dynamical mass segregation is the process by which heavier members of a gravitationally bound system, such as a star cluster or cluster of galaxies, tend to move toward the center, while lighter members tend to move farther away from the center.

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Max Mercury

Max Mercury is a DC Comics superhero based on Quality Comics' Quicksilver.

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Medium Earth orbit

Medium Earth orbit (MEO), sometimes called intermediate circular orbit (ICO), is the region of space around Earth above low Earth orbit (altitude of above sea level) and below geostationary orbit (altitude of above sea level).

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Mercury (planet)

Mercury is the smallest and innermost planet in the Solar System.

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Meteorite

A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface of a planet or moon.

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Meteoroid

A meteoroid is a small rocky or metallic body in outer space.

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Micro black hole

Micro black holes, also called quantum mechanical black holes or mini black holes, are hypothetical tiny black holes, for which quantum mechanical effects play an important role.

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Mister Atom

Mister Atom is a fictional comic book supervillain, a radioactive robot who is regularly seen as an enemy of Captain Marvel.

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Moon landing

A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon.

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Multistage rocket

A multistage rocket, or step rocket is a launch vehicle that uses two or more rocket stages, each of which contains its own engines and propellant.

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Museum of Science Fiction

The Museum of Science Fiction (MOSF) is a 501c(3) nonprofit museum to be based in Washington, D.C. It was founded in the spring of 2013 by Greg Viggiano and a team of 22 volunteer professionals with a goal of becoming the world's first comprehensive science fiction museum.

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Neutron star

A neutron star is the collapsed core of a large star which before collapse had a total of between 10 and 29 solar masses.

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New Horizons

New Horizons is an interplanetary space probe that was launched as a part of NASA's New Frontiers program.

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Newton's cannonball

Newton's cannonball was a thought experiment Isaac Newton used to hypothesize that the force of gravity was universal, and it was the key force for planetary motion.

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NGC 3109

NGC 3109 is a small barred Magellanic type spiral or irregular galaxy around 4.2 Mly away in the direction of the constellation of Hydra.

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NGC 3201

NGC 3201 (also known as Caldwell 79) is a low galactic latitude globular cluster in the southern constellation of Vela.

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Nibiru cataclysm

The Nibiru cataclysm is a supposed disastrous encounter between the Earth and a large planetary object (either a collision or a near-miss) which certain groups believe will take place in the early 21st century.

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Non-rocket spacelaunch

Non-rocket spacelaunch refers to concepts for launch into space where some or all of the needed speed and altitude are provided by something other than rockets, or by other than expendable rockets.

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Nuclear photonic rocket

In a nuclear photonic rocket, a nuclear reactor would generate such high temperatures that the blackbody radiation from the reactor would provide significant thrust.

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Nuclear salt-water rocket

A nuclear salt-water rocket (NSWR) is a theoretical type of nuclear thermal rocket which was designed by Robert Zubrin.

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Oberth effect

In astronautics, a powered flyby, or Oberth maneuver, is a maneuver in which a spacecraft falls into a gravitational well, and then accelerates when its fall reaches maximum speed.

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Open cluster

An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud and have roughly the same age.

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Operation Plumbbob

Operation Plumbbob was a series of nuclear tests conducted between May 28 and October 7, 1957, at the Nevada Test Site, following Project 57, and preceding Project 58/58A.

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Orbit

In physics, an orbit is the gravitationally curved trajectory of an object, such as the trajectory of a planet around a star or a natural satellite around a planet.

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Orbit equation

In astrodynamics an orbit equation defines the path of orbiting body m_2\,\! around central body m_1\,\! relative to m_1\,\!, without specifying position as a function of time.

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Orbit insertion

Orbit insertion is the spaceflight operation of adjusting a spacecraft’s momentum, in particular to allow for entry into a stable orbit around a planet, moon, or other celestial body.

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Orbital mechanics

Orbital mechanics or astrodynamics is the application of ballistics and celestial mechanics to the practical problems concerning the motion of rockets and other spacecraft.

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Orbital speed

In gravitationally bound systems, the orbital speed of an astronomical body or object (e.g. planet, moon, artificial satellite, spacecraft, or star) is the speed at which it orbits around either the barycenter or, if the object is much less massive than the largest body in the system, its speed relative to that largest body.

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Orders of magnitude (energy)

This list compares various energies in joules (J), organized by order of magnitude.

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Orders of magnitude (speed)

To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following list describes various speed levels between approximately 2.2 m/s and 3.0 m/s.

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Origin of the Moon

The origin of the Moon is usually thought to be that a Mars-sized body struck the Earth, making a debris ring that eventually collected into a single natural satellite, the Moon, but there are a number of variations on this giant-impact hypothesis, as well as alternate explanations, and research into how the Moon came to be continues.

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Outer space

Outer space, or just space, is the expanse that exists beyond the Earth and between celestial bodies.

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Parabola

In mathematics, a parabola is a plane curve which is mirror-symmetrical and is approximately U-shaped.

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Parabolic trajectory

In astrodynamics or celestial mechanics a parabolic trajectory is a Kepler orbit with the eccentricity equal to 1.

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Photoevaporation

Photoevaporation denotes the process where energetic radiation ionises gas and causes it to disperse away from the ionising source.

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Pierre-Simon Laplace

Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy.

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Pioneer 10

Pioneer 10 (originally designated Pioneer F) is an American space probe, launched in 1972 and weighing, that completed the first mission to the planet Jupiter.

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Pioneer 11

Pioneer 11 (also known as Pioneer G) is a robotic space probe launched by NASA on April 6, 1973 to study the asteroid belt, the environment around Jupiter and Saturn, solar wind and cosmic rays.

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Pioneer program

The Pioneer program is a series of United States unmanned space missions that were designed for planetary exploration.

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Planetary habitability

Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to have habitable environments hospitable to life, or its ability to generate life endogenously.

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Poincaré recurrence theorem

In physics, the Poincaré recurrence theorem states that certain systems will, after a sufficiently long but finite time, return to a state very close to, if not exactly the same as, the initial state.

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Primary atmosphere

A primary atmosphere is an atmosphere of a planet that forms by accretion of gaseous matter from the accretion disc of the planet's sun.

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Project Orion (nuclear propulsion)

Project Orion was a study of a spacecraft intended to be directly propelled by a series of explosions of atomic bombs behind the craft (nuclear pulse propulsion).

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Pulsar kick

A pulsar kick is the phenomenon that a neutron star often does not move with the velocity of its progenitor star, but rather with a substantially greater speed.

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Radial trajectory

In astrodynamics and celestial mechanics a radial trajectory is a Kepler orbit with zero angular momentum.

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Radiation pressure

Radiation pressure is the pressure exerted upon any surface due to the exchange of momentum between the object and the electromagnetic field.

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Railgun

A railgun is a device that uses electromagnetic force to launch high velocity projectiles, by means of a sliding armature that is accelerated along a pair of conductive rails.

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Range of a projectile

In physics, assuming a flat Earth with a uniform gravity field, and no air resistance, a projectile launched with specific initial conditions will have a predictable range.

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RAVE (survey)

RAVE (RAdial Velocity Experiment) is a multi-fiber spectroscopic astronomical survey of stars in the Milky Way using the 1.2-metre UK Schmidt Telescope of the Australian Astronomical Observatory (AAO).

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RD-0109

The RD-0109 is a rocket engine burning liquid oxygen and kerosene in a gas generator combustion cycle.

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Relativistic Newtonian dynamics

Relativistic Newtonian dynamics (RND) is an extension of Newtonian dynamics that overcomes its shortcomings by considering the influence of potential energy on space and time using some principles of Einstein's theories of special and general relativity.

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Robert H. Goddard

Robert Hutchings Goddard (October 5, 1882 – August 10, 1945) was an American engineer, professor, physicist, and inventor who is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket.

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Rocket

A rocket (from Italian rocchetto "bobbin") is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle that obtains thrust from a rocket engine.

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Rocketdyne H-1

The Rocketdyne H-1 is a thrust liquid-propellant rocket engine burning LOX and RP-1.

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Saturn

Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter.

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Saturn I

The Saturn I (pronounced "Saturn one") was the United States' first heavy-lift dedicated space launcher, a rocket designed specifically to launch large payloads into low Earth orbit.

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Solar wind

The solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun, called the corona.

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Space colonization

Space colonization (also called space settlement, or extraterrestrial colonization) is permanent human habitation off the planet Earth.

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Space elevator

A space elevator is a proposed type of planet-to-space transportation system.

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Space elevator safety

There are risks associated with never-done-before technologies like the construction and operation of a space elevator.

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Space gun

A space gun, sometimes called a Verne gun because of its appearance in From the Earth to the Moon by Jules Verne, is a method of launching an object into space using a large gun- or cannonlike structure.

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Space probe

A space probe is a robotic spacecraft that does not orbit the Earth, but, instead, explores further into outer space.

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Spacecraft propulsion

Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites.

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Specific energy

Specific energy is energy per unit mass.

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Specific orbital energy

In the gravitational two-body problem, the specific orbital energy \epsilon\,\! (or vis-viva energy) of two orbiting bodies is the constant sum of their mutual potential energy (\epsilon_p\,\!) and their total kinetic energy (\epsilon_k\,\!), divided by the reduced mass.

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Speed

In everyday use and in kinematics, the speed of an object is the magnitude of its velocity (the rate of change of its position); it is thus a scalar quantity.

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Stellar evolution

Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of time.

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Stellar kinematics

In astronomy, stellar kinematics is the observational study or measurement of the kinematics or motions of stars through space.

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Sun

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.

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Super High Altitude Research Project

The Super High Altitude Research Project (Super HARP, SHARP) was a U.S. government project conducting research into the firing of high-velocity projectiles high into the atmosphere using a two-stage light-gas gun, with the ultimate goal of propelling satellites into Earth orbit.

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Super Sonico

is a fictional female character created by Tsuji Santa for the Japanese computer and video game software company Nitroplus, first appearing as a mascot for a Nitroplus-sponsored music festival in 2006.

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Surface gravity

The surface gravity, g, of an astronomical or other object is the gravitational acceleration experienced at its surface.

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TAU (spacecraft)

TAU (Thousand Astronomical Units) was a proposed unmanned space probe that would go to a distance of one thousand astronomical units (1000 AU) from the Earth and Sun by NASA/JPL in 1987 using tested technology.

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Thebe (moon)

Thebe (Θήβη) also known as, is the fourth of Jupiter's moons by distance from the planet.

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Theoretical astronomy

Theoretical astronomy is the use of the analytical models of physics and chemistry to describe astronomical objects and astronomical phenomena.

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Timeline of black hole physics

Timeline of black hole physics.

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Timeline of Rosetta spacecraft

Rosetta is a space probe designed to rendezvous with the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, perform flybys of two asteroids (2867 Šteins and 21 Lutetia), and carry lander Philae until its landing on 67P.

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Timeline of Russian innovation

Timeline of Russian Innovation encompasses key events in the history of technology in Russia, starting from the Early East Slavs and up to the Russian Federation.

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Timeline of space exploration

This is for a timeline of space exploration including notable achievements and first accomplishments or major events in humanity's exploration of outer space.

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Titanium Man

The Titanium Man ("Chelovek-Titan") is the name of two fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

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UNIT

UNIT is a fictional military organisation from the British science fiction television series Doctor Who and its spin-off series Torchwood and The Sarah Jane Adventures.

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US 708

US 708 is a hyper-velocity O class subdwarf in Ursa Major in the halo of the Milky Way Galaxy.

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UScoCTIO 108

UScoCTIO 108 is a binary system, approximately 470 light-years away in the Upper Scorpius (USco) OB association.

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Velocity

The velocity of an object is the rate of change of its position with respect to a frame of reference, and is a function of time.

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Vila Restal

Vila Restal is a fictional character from the British science fiction television series Blake's 7, played by Michael Keating.

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Vis-viva equation

In astrodynamics, the vis-viva equation, also referred to as orbital-energy-invariance law, is one of the equations that model the motion of orbiting bodies.

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Voronezh Mechanical Plant

Voronezh Mechanical Plant (Russian: Воронежский механический завод) is a Russian engine and heavy machinery manufacturing plant.

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Voyager 1

Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977.

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Voyager 2

Voyager 2 is a space probe launched by NASA on August 20, 1977, to study the outer planets.

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Water cycle

The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle or the hydrologic cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.

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Weakly interacting massive particles

Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are hypothetical particles that are thought to constitute dark matter.

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Wernher von Braun

Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (March 23, 1912 – June 16, 1977) was a German (and, later, American) aerospace engineer and space architect.

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Wind

Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale.

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World Jump Day

The World Jump Day was an event scheduled for July 20, 2006 at 11:39.13 UTC, at which time the organization claimed to have 600 million people from the western hemisphere jump simultaneously.

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Z Pulsed Power Facility

The Z Pulsed Power Facility, informally known as the Z machine, is the largest high frequency electromagnetic wave generator in the world and is designed to test materials in conditions of extreme temperature and pressure.

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243 Ida

243 Ida is an asteroid in the Koronis family of the asteroid belt.

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951 Gaspra

951 Gaspra is an S-type asteroid that orbits very close to the inner edge of the asteroid belt.

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Redirects here:

Cosmic velocity, Earth escape velocity, Earth's escape velocity, Escape Speed, Escape Velocity, Escape celerity, Escape speed, Escape velocity of Earth, Escape veolcity, First cosmic speed, First cosmic velocity, Second cosmic velocity, Third cosmic velocity.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_velocity

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