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93 relations: A5/1, A5/2, Achterbahn, Algebraic normal form, Alternating step generator, Analog feedback shift register, Berlekamp–Massey algorithm, Binary number, Comparison of hardware random number generators, Computation of cyclic redundancy checks, Content Scramble System, Correlation attack, Correlation immunity, Crypto-1, Cube attack, DCF77, De Bruijn sequence, Digital signature transponder, Direct-sequence spread spectrum, F-FCSR, Fast Ethernet, Feedback with Carry Shift Registers, Full cycle, Gigabit Ethernet, Gold code, GOST (hash function), GPS signals, Grain (cipher), Grain 128a, Gray code, High-temperature operating life, Index of cryptography articles, Index of electronics articles, Key generator, KISS (algorithm), KW-26, KW-37, Lagged Fibonacci generator, LILI-128, Linear congruential generator, List of algorithms, List of number theory topics, List of random number generators, Maximum length sequence, Mersenne Twister, Misr, Nonlinear-feedback shift register, NSA encryption systems, NXDN, Parasitic number, ..., PCI Express, Pinwheel (cryptography), POKEY, Polynomial basis, Primitive polynomial (field theory), Procedural generation, Pseudorandom binary sequence, Pseudorandom number generator, Rambutan (cryptography), Randomness tests, RC4, Reeds–Sloane algorithm, Ring counter, River Raid, Satellite modem, Scrambler, Self-shrinking generator, Serial digital interface, SHA-3, Shift register, Shrinking generator, Simon (cipher), SMPTE 292M, SNOW, SOBER, Solinas prime, Solomon W. Golomb, Standard RAID levels, Stochastic Signal Density Modulation, Stream cipher, Summation generator, Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips, Turing (cipher), USB (Communications), USB 3.0, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, Video-signal generator, Well equidistributed long-period linear, WWVB, XOR gate, Xorshift, Zuc stream cipher, 64b/66b encoding. Expand index (43 more) »
A5/1
A5/1 is a stream cipher used to provide over-the-air communication privacy in the GSM cellular telephone standard.
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A5/2
A5/2 is a stream cipher used to provide voice privacy in the GSM cellular telephone protocol.
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Achterbahn
In cryptography, Achterbahn is the name of a synchronous stream cipher algorithm submitted to the eSTREAM Project of the eCRYPT network.
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Algebraic normal form
In Boolean algebra, the algebraic normal form (ANF), ring sum normal form (RSNF or RNF), Zhegalkin normal form, or Reed–Muller expansion is a way of writing logical formulas in one of three subforms.
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Alternating step generator
In cryptography, an alternating step generator (ASG) is a cryptographic pseudorandom number generator intended to be used in a stream cipher.
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Analog feedback shift register
An analog feedback shift register (AFSR) is a generalization of the (binary, digital) linear-feedback shift register (LFSR).
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Berlekamp–Massey algorithm
The Berlekamp–Massey algorithm is an algorithm that will find the shortest linear feedback shift register (LFSR) for a given binary output sequence.
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Binary number
In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, which uses only two symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one).
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Comparison of hardware random number generators
In computing, a hardware random number generator is an apparatus that generates random numbers from a physical process.
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Computation of cyclic redundancy checks
Computation of a cyclic redundancy check is derived from the mathematics of polynomial division, modulo two.
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Content Scramble System
The Content Scramble System (CSS) is a digital rights management (DRM) and encryption system employed on many commercially produced DVD-Video discs.
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Correlation attack
In cryptography, correlation attacks are a class of known plaintext attacks for breaking stream ciphers whose keystream is generated by combining the output of several linear feedback shift registers (called LFSRs for the rest of this article) using a Boolean function.
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Correlation immunity
In mathematics, the correlation immunity of a Boolean function is a measure of the degree to which its outputs are uncorrelated with some subset of its inputs.
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Crypto-1
Crypto1 is a proprietary encryption algorithm created by NXP Semiconductors specifically for Mifare RFID tags, including Oyster card, CharlieCard and OV-chipkaart.
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Cube attack
The cube attack is a method of cryptanalysis applicable to a wide variety of symmetric-key algorithms, published by Itai Dinur and Adi Shamir in a September 2008 preprint.
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DCF77
DCF77 is a German longwave time signal and standard-frequency radio station.
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De Bruijn sequence
In combinatorial mathematics, a de Bruijn sequence of order n on a size-k alphabet A is a cyclic sequence in which every possible length-n string on A occurs exactly once as a substring (i.e., as a contiguous subsequence).
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Digital signature transponder
The Texas Instruments digital signature transponder (DST) is a cryptographically enabled radio-frequency identification (RFID) device used in a variety of wireless authentication applications.
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Direct-sequence spread spectrum
In telecommunications, direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) is a spread spectrum modulation technique used to reduce overall signal interference.
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F-FCSR
In cryptography, F-FCSR is a stream cipher developed by Thierry Berger, François Arnault, and Cédric Lauradoux.
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Fast Ethernet
In computer networking, Fast Ethernet is a collective term for a number of Ethernet standards that carry traffic at the nominal rate of 100 Mbit/s (the earlier Ethernet speed was 10 Mbit/s).
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Feedback with Carry Shift Registers
In sequence design, a Feedback with Carry Shift Register (or FCSR) is the arithmetic or with carry analog of a Linear feedback shift register (LFSR).
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Full cycle
In a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), a full cycle or full period is the behavior of a PRNG over its set of valid states.
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Gigabit Ethernet
In computer networking, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE) is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second (1,000,000,000 bits per second), as defined by the IEEE 802.3-2008 standard.
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Gold code
A Gold code, also known as Gold sequence, is a type of binary sequence, used in telecommunication (CDMA) and satellite navigation (GPS).
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GOST (hash function)
The GOST hash function, defined in the standards GOST R 34.11-94 and GOST 34.311-95 is a 256-bit cryptographic hash function.
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GPS signals
Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites broadcast microwave signals to enable GPS receivers on or near the Earth's surface to determine location and time and derive velocity.
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Grain (cipher)
Grain is a stream cipher submitted to eSTREAM in 2004 by Martin Hell, Thomas Johansson and Willi Meier.
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Grain 128a
The Grain 128a stream cipher was first purposed at Symmetric Key Encryption Workshop (SKEW) in 2011 as an improvement of the predecessor Grain 128, which added security enhancements and optional message authentication using the Encrypt & MAC approach.
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Gray code
The reflected binary code (RBC), also known just as reflected binary (RB) or Gray code after Frank Gray, is an ordering of the binary numeral system such that two successive values differ in only one bit (binary digit).
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High-temperature operating life
High-temperature operating life (HTOL) is a reliability test applied to integrated circuits (ICs) to determine their intrinsic reliability.
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Index of cryptography articles
Articles related to cryptography include.
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Index of electronics articles
This is an index of articles relating to electronics and electricity or natural electricity and things that run on electricity and things that use or conduct electricity.
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Key generator
A key generator is used in many cryptographic protocols to generate a sequence with many pseudo-random characteristics.
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KISS (algorithm)
KISS (Keep it Simple Stupid) is a family of pseudorandom number generators introduced by George Marsaglia.
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KW-26
The TSEC/KW-26, code named ROMULUS, (in 1966 the machine based encryption system was not code-named "Romulus," rather the code-name was "Orion," at least in the US Army's variant) was an encryption system used by the U.S. Government and, later, by NATO countries.
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KW-37
The KW-37, code named JASON, was an encryption system developed In the 1950s by the U.S. National Security Agency to protect fleet broadcasts of the U.S. Navy.
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Lagged Fibonacci generator
A Lagged Fibonacci generator (LFG or sometimes LFib) is an example of a pseudorandom number generator.
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LILI-128
LILI-128 is an LFSR based synchronous stream cipher with a 128-bit key.
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Linear congruential generator
A linear congruential generator (LCG) is an algorithm that yields a sequence of pseudo-randomized numbers calculated with a discontinuous piecewise linear equation.
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List of algorithms
The following is a list of algorithms along with one-line descriptions for each.
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List of number theory topics
This is a list of number theory topics, by Wikipedia page.
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List of random number generators
Computer random number generators are important in mathematics, cryptography and gambling (on game servers).
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Maximum length sequence
A maximum length sequence (MLS) is a type of pseudorandom binary sequence.
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Mersenne Twister
The Mersenne Twister is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG).
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Misr
Misr may refer to.
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Nonlinear-feedback shift register
A nonlinear-feedback shift register (NLFSR) is a shift register whose input bit is a non-linear function of its previous state.
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NSA encryption systems
The National Security Agency took over responsibility for all U.S. Government encryption systems when it was formed in 1952.
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NXDN
NXDN is an open standard Common Air Interface (CAI) technical protocol for mobile communications.
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Parasitic number
An n-parasitic number (in base 10) is a positive natural number which can be multiplied by n by moving the rightmost digit of its decimal representation to the front.
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PCI Express
PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express), officially abbreviated as PCIe or PCI-e, is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard, designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards.
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Pinwheel (cryptography)
In cryptography, a pinwheel was a device for producing a short pseudorandom sequence of bits (determined by the machine's initial settings), as a component in a cipher machine.
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POKEY
The Pot Keyboard Integrated Circuit (POKEY) is a digital I/O chip designed for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers and found in Atari arcade games of the 1980s.
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Polynomial basis
In mathematics, a polynomial basis is a basis of a polynomial ring, viewed as a vector space over the field of coefficients, or as a free module over the ring of coefficients.
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Primitive polynomial (field theory)
In field theory, a branch of mathematics, a primitive polynomial is the minimal polynomial of a primitive element of the finite extension field GF(pm).
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Procedural generation
In computing, procedural generation is a method of creating data algorithmically as opposed to manually.
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Pseudorandom binary sequence
A pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) is a binary sequence that, while generated with a deterministic algorithm, is difficult to predict and exhibits statistical behavior similar to a truly random sequence.
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Pseudorandom number generator
A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), also known as a deterministic random bit generator (DRBG), is an algorithm for generating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate the properties of sequences of random numbers.
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Rambutan (cryptography)
Rambutan is a family of encryption technologies designed by the Communications-Electronics Security Group (CESG), the technical division of the United Kingdom government's secret communications agency, GCHQ.
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Randomness tests
Randomness tests (or tests for randomness), in data evaluation, are used to analyze the distribution of a set of data to see if it is random (patternless).
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RC4
In cryptography, RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4 also known as ARC4 or ARCFOUR meaning Alleged RC4, see below) is a stream cipher.
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Reeds–Sloane algorithm
The Reeds–Sloane algorithm, named after J. A. Reeds and N. J. A. Sloane, is an extension of the Berlekamp–Massey algorithm, an algorithm for finding the shortest linear feedback shift register (LFSR) for a given output sequence, for use on sequences that take their values from the integers mod ''n''.
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Ring counter
A ring counter is a type of counter composed of flip-flops connected into a shift register, with the output of the last flip-flop fed to the input of the first, making a "circular" or "ring" structure.
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River Raid
River Raid is a vertically scrolling shooter designed and developed by Carol Shaw and published by Activision in 1982 for the Atari 2600 video game console.
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Satellite modem
A satellite modem or satmodem is a modem used to establish data transfers using a communications satellite as a relay.
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Scrambler
In telecommunications, a scrambler is a device that transposes or inverts signals or otherwise encodes a message at the sender's side to make the message unintelligible at a receiver not equipped with an appropriately set descrambling device.
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Self-shrinking generator
A self-shrinking generator is a pseudorandom generator that is based on the shrinking generator concept.
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Serial digital interface
Serial digital interface (SDI) is a family of digital video interfaces first standardized by SMPTE (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) in 1989.
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SHA-3
SHA-3 (Secure Hash Algorithm 3) is the latest member of the Secure Hash Algorithm family of standards, released by NIST on August 5, 2015.
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Shift register
In digital circuits, a shift register is a cascade of flip flops, sharing the same clock, in which the output of each flip-flop is connected to the 'data' input of the next flip-flop in the chain, resulting in a circuit that shifts by one position the 'bit array' stored in it, 'shifting in' the data present at its input and 'shifting out' the last bit in the array, at each transition of the clock input.
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Shrinking generator
In cryptography, the shrinking generator is a form of pseudorandom number generator intended to be used in a stream cipher.
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Simon (cipher)
Simon is a family of lightweight block ciphers publicly released by the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013.
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SMPTE 292M
SMPTE 292 is a digital video transmission standard published by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) which expands upon SMPTE 259 and SMPTE 344 allowing for bit-rates of 1.485 Gbit/s, and 1.485/1.001 Gbit/s.
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SNOW
SNOW 1.0, SNOW 2.0, and SNOW 3G are word-based synchronous stream ciphers developed by Thomas Johansson and Patrik Ekdahl at Lund University.
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SOBER
In cryptography, SOBER is a family of stream ciphers initially designed by Greg Rose of QUALCOMM Australia starting in 1997.
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Solinas prime
In mathematics, a Solinas prime, or generalized mersenne prime, is a prime number that has the form f(2^m), where f(x) is a low-degree polynomial with small integer coefficients.
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Solomon W. Golomb
Solomon Wolf Golomb (May 30, 1932 – May 1, 2016) was an American mathematician, engineer, and professor of electrical engineering at the University of Southern California, best known for his works on mathematical games.
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Standard RAID levels
In computer storage, the standard RAID levels comprise a basic set of RAID (redundant array of independent disks) configurations that employ the techniques of striping, mirroring, or parity to create large reliable data stores from multiple general-purpose computer hard disk drives (HDDs).
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Stochastic Signal Density Modulation
Stochastic Signal Density Modulation (SSDM) Stochastic signal density modulation for optical transducer control (Mar 6, 2012) Stochastic signal density modulation for optical transducer control (Jul 2, 2013) is a novel power modulation technique primarily used for LED power control.
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Stream cipher
A stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream (keystream).
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Summation generator
The summation generator, created in 1985, by Rainer Rueppel, was a cryptography and security front-runner in the late 1980s.
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Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips
The Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips are a series of speech synthesizer digital signal processor integrated circuits created by Texas Instruments beginning in 1978.
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Turing (cipher)
Turing is a stream cipher developed by Gregory G. Rose and Philip Hawkes at Qualcomm for CDMA.
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USB (Communications)
This article provides information about the communications aspects of Universal Serial Bus, USB: Signaling, Protocols, Transactions.
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USB 3.0
USB 3.0 is the third major version of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard for interfacing computers and electronic devices.
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USC Viterbi School of Engineering
The Viterbi School of Engineering (formerly the USC School of Engineering) is located at the University of Southern California in the United States.
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Video-signal generator
A video signal generator is a type of signal generator which outputs predetermined video and/or television oscillation waveforms, and other signals used in the synchronization of television devices and to stimulate faults in, or aid in parametric measurements of, television and video systems.
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Well equidistributed long-period linear
The Well Equidistributed Long-period Linear (WELL) is a family of pseudorandom number generators developed in 2006 by François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer, and.
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WWVB
WWVB is a time signal radio station near Fort Collins, Colorado and is operated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
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XOR gate
The XOR gate (sometimes EOR gate, or EXOR gate and pronounced as Exclusive OR gate) is a digital logic gate that gives a true (1 or HIGH) output when the number of true inputs is odd.
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Xorshift
Xorshift random number generators are a class of pseudorandom number generators that were discovered by George Marsaglia.
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Zuc stream cipher
ZUC is a new stream cipher included in the Long Term Evolution standards starting in Release 11 for mobile devices.
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64b/66b encoding
In data networking and transmission, 64b/66b is a line code that transforms 64-bit data to 66-bit line code to provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery and alignment of the data stream at the receiver.
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Redirects here:
ALFSR, GFSR, Generalised feedback shift register, LFSR, LSFR, Linear feedback register, Linear feedback shift register, Linear feedback shift registers, Polynomial counter.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear-feedback_shift_register
