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199 relations: Abhayakaragupta, Abhidharma, Abhisamayalankara, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Adi Shankara, Advaita Vedanta, Ajativada, Ajñana, Allama Prabhu, Ancient philosophy, Anutpada, Apophatic theology, Aryadeva, Atthakavagga and Parayanavagga, Avatamsaka Sutra, Āstika and nāstika, Śāntarakṣita, Śīlabhadra, Śūnyatā, Bahuśrutīya, Bhāviveka, Bhrama (illusion), Bodhisattva vow, Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra, Buddha-nature, Buddhapālita, Buddhism, Buddhism and sexual orientation, Buddhism and Western philosophy, Buddhism in Japan, Buddhist influences on Advaita Vedanta, Buddhist logico-epistemology, Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist Tantras, Buddhist texts, Bundle theory, Catuṣkoṭi, Chan Buddhism, Chandragomin, Chandrakirti, Charvaka, Clergy, Daniel A. Arnold, Daoist meditation, Darśana, David Komito, David Seyfort Ruegg, Dharmakirti, Doctrinal background of Zen, Dzogchen, ..., Dzongsar Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö, East Asian Mādhyamaka, East Mountain Teaching, Eastern philosophy, Eight Consciousnesses, Enlightenment (spiritual), Epistemology, Essence, Essence-Function, Existence, Faith in Buddhism, Five Ranks, Gelug, Geshe, Glossary of Buddhism, Gorampa, Heart Sutra, History of Buddhism, History of Buddhism in India, History of Hinduism, History of logic, History of Tibetan Buddhism, Huayan, Immanence, Index of Buddhism-related articles, Index of Eastern philosophy articles, Index of philosophy articles (I–Q), Integral theory (Ken Wilber), International Buddhist Academy, Jainism, Jamgon Ju Mipham Gyatso, Jamgon Kongtrul, Jan Westerhoff, Jan Willem de Jong, Jñānagarbha, Jīva (Jainism), Je Tsongkapay Ling, Je Tsongkhapa, Jigme Lingpa, Jizang, Karma Kagyu, Kashmir, Kelsang Gyatso, Ken Wilber, Khenpo Sherab Sangpo, Khenpo Sodargye, Kirti Stambha, Korean Buddhism, Kumārajīva, Later Qin, List of Buddhists, List of founders of religious traditions, List of religions and spiritual traditions, List of schools of philosophy, List of Tibetan writers, List of writers on Buddhism, Lopön Tenzin Namdak, Mañjuśrīmitra, Madhyamakālaṃkāra, Madhyamakāvatāra, Mahamudra, Mahayana, Mahāprajñāpāramitāupadeśa, Maitreya-nātha, Materialism, Maya (religion), Mūlamadhyamakakārikā, Mereological nihilism, Metaphysics, Middle Way, Mikyö Dorje, 8th Karmapa Lama, Monism, Nagarjuna, Nalanda, Nondualism, Nyingma, Order of Interbeing, Outline of Buddhism, Paroksha, Patsab Nyima Drakpa, Paul Williams (Buddhist studies scholar), Philosophy of mind, Philosophy of religion, Philosophy of self, Prajñaptir upādāya, Prasaṅgika according to Tsongkhapa, Pratītyasamutpāda, Pudgalavada, Pure Land Buddhism, Pyrrhonism, Raimon Panikkar, Rangtong-Shentong, Ratnākaraśānti, Reality in Buddhism, Refuge tree, Relativism, Reverberation of Sound, Rigdzin Kumaradza, Rimé movement, Robert K. C. Forman, Robert Magliola, Saṃsāra, Sakya Chokden, Samadhiraja Sutra, Sandhinirmocana Sutra, Sanskrit Buddhist literature, Schools of Buddhism, Sengzhao, Sera Monastery, Shantideva, Shedra, Smarta tradition, Solipsism, Sonam Tsemo, Sutrasamuccaya, Svabhava, Svasaṃvedana, Svatantrika–Prasaṅgika distinction, Taishō Tripiṭaka, Tathāgatagarbha sūtras, Tetralemma, Thirty-five Confession Buddhas, Three Turnings of the Wheel of Dharma, Tibetan Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhist canon, Tiruppattur R. Venkatachala Murti, Tom Tillemans, Trijang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso, Tsangpa Gyare, Tulpa, Two truths doctrine, Vajrayana, Vipassanā, Xuecheng (monk), Yogachara, Yogi, Yogini, Zen, Zong Rinpoche, Zong-qi Cai, Zuowang, 2nd century, 470, 500, 550, 578, 600, 650, 9th Dalai Lama. Expand index (149 more) »
Abhayakaragupta
Abhayākaragupta (Wylie: 'jigs-med 'byung-gnas sbas-pa) was a Buddhist monk, scholar and tantric master (vajracarya) and the abbot of Vikramasila.
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Abhidharma
Abhidharma (Sanskrit) or Abhidhamma (Pali) are ancient (3rd century BCE and later) Buddhist texts which contain detailed scholastic reworkings of doctrinal material appearing in the Buddhist sutras, according to schematic classifications.
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Abhisamayalankara
The "Ornament of/for Realization", abbreviated AA, is one of five Sanskrit-language Mahayana sutras which, according to Tibetan tradition, Maitreya revealed to Asaṅga in northwest India circa the 4th century AD.
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Acharya Nagarjuna University
Acharya Nagarjuna University (IAST: Ācārya Nāgārjuna Vișvavidyālaya) is a university in the region of Namburu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Adi Shankara
Adi Shankara (pronounced) or Shankara, was an early 8th century Indian philosopher and theologian who consolidated the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta.
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Advaita Vedanta
Advaita Vedanta (अद्वैत वेदान्त, IAST:, literally, "not-two"), originally known as Puruṣavāda, is a school of Hindu philosophy and religious practice, and one of the classic Indian paths to spiritual realization.
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Ajativada
Ajātivāda is the fundamental philosophical doctrine of the Advaita Vedanta philosopher Gaudapada.
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Ajñana
Ajñana was one of the ''nāstika'' or "heterodox" schools of ancient Indian philosophy, and the ancient school of radical Indian skepticism.
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Allama Prabhu
Allama Prabhu (ಅಲ್ಲಮ ಪ್ರಭು) was a 12th-century mystic-saint and Vachana poet (called Vachanakara) of the Kannada language, propagating the unitary consciousness of Self and Shiva.
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Ancient philosophy
This page lists some links to ancient philosophy.
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Anutpada
Anutpada is a term meaning "non-production".
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Apophatic theology
Apophatic theology, also known as negative theology, is a form of theological thinking and religious practice which attempts to approach God, the Divine, by negation, to speak only in terms of what may not be said about the perfect goodness that is God.
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Aryadeva
Āryadeva (fl. 3rd century CE), was a disciple of Nagarjuna and author of several important Mahayana Madhyamaka Buddhist texts.
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Atthakavagga and Parayanavagga
The (Pali, "Octet Chapter") and the Pārāyanavagga (Pali, "Way to the Far Shore Chapter") are two small collections of suttas within the Pāli Canon of Theravada Buddhism.
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Avatamsaka Sutra
The (Sanskrit; alternatively, the) is one of the most influential Mahayana sutras of East Asian Buddhism.
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Āstika and nāstika
Āstika derives from the Sanskrit asti, "there is, there exists", and means “one who believes in the existence (of God, of another world, etc.)” and nāstika means "an atheist or unbeliever".
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Śāntarakṣita
(शान्तरक्षित,;, 725–788)stanford.edu: was a renowned 8th century Indian Buddhist and abbot of Nalanda.
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Śīlabhadra
Śīlabhadra (Sanskrit) (529–645Nakamura, Hajime. Indian Buddhism: A Survey with Bibliographical Notes. 1999. p. 281) was a Buddhist monk and philosopher.
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Śūnyatā
Śūnyatā (Sanskrit; Pali: suññatā), pronounced ‘shoonyataa’, translated into English most often as emptiness and sometimes voidness, is a Buddhist concept which has multiple meanings depending on its doctrinal context.
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Bahuśrutīya
Bahuśrutīya (Sanskrit) was one of the early Buddhist schools, according to early sources such as Vasumitra, the Śāriputraparipṛcchā, and other sources, and was a sub-group which emerged from the Mahāsāṃghika sect.
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Bhāviveka
Bhāviveka, also called Bhavya or Bhāvaviveka (c. 500 – c. 578) was a sixth century Madhyamaka Buddhist.
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Bhrama (illusion)
Bhrama (Sanskrit: भ्रम), in the context of Hindu thought, means – error, mistake, illusion, confusion, perplexity.
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Bodhisattva vow
The Bodhisattva vow is the vow taken by Mahayana Buddhists to liberate all sentient beings.
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Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra
The Bodhisattvacharyāvatāra or Bodhicaryāvatāra, sometimes translated into English as A Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life, is a Mahāyāna Buddhist text written c. 700 AD in Sanskrit verse by Shantideva (Śāntideva), a Buddhist monk at Nālandā Monastic University in India.
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Buddha-nature
Buddha-nature or Buddha Principle refers to several related terms, most notably tathāgatagarbha and buddhadhātu.
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Buddhapālita
Buddhapālita (470–550) was a commentator on the works of Nagarjuna and Aryadeva.
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Buddhism
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.
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Buddhism and sexual orientation
The relationship between Buddhism and sexual orientation varies by tradition and teacher.
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Buddhism and Western philosophy
Buddhist thought and Western philosophy include several interesting parallels.
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Buddhism in Japan
Buddhism in Japan has been practiced since its official introduction in 552 CE according to the Nihon Shoki from Baekje, Korea, by Buddhist monks.
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Buddhist influences on Advaita Vedanta
Advaita Vedanta and Mahayana Buddhism share significant similarities.
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Buddhist logico-epistemology
Buddhist logico-epistemology is a term used in Western scholarship for pramāṇa-vada (doctrine of proof) and Hetu-vidya (science of causes).
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Buddhist philosophy
Buddhist philosophy refers to the philosophical investigations and systems of inquiry that developed among various Buddhist schools in India following the death of the Buddha and later spread throughout Asia.
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Buddhist Tantras
The Buddhist Tantras are a varied group of Indian and Tibetan texts which outline unique views and practices of the Buddhist tantra religious systems.
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Buddhist texts
Buddhist texts were initially passed on orally by monks, but were later written down and composed as manuscripts in various Indo-Aryan languages which were then translated into other local languages as Buddhism spread.
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Bundle theory
Bundle theory, originated by the 18th century Scottish philosopher David Hume, is the ontological theory about objecthood in which an object consists only of a collection (bundle) of properties, relations or tropes.
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Catuṣkoṭi
Chatuṣkoṭi (Sanskrit; Devanagari: चतुष्कोटि) is a logical argument(s) of a 'suite of four discrete functions' or 'an indivisible quaternity' that has multiple applications and has been important in the Dharmic traditions of Indian logic, the Buddhist logico-epistemological traditions, particularly those of the Madhyamaka school, and in the skeptical Greek philosophy of Pyrrhonism.
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Chan Buddhism
Chan (of), from Sanskrit dhyāna (meaning "meditation" or "meditative state"), is a Chinese school of Mahāyāna Buddhism.
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Chandragomin
Chandragomin (Skt. Candragomin) was a renowned 7th century CE Indian Buddhist lay master and scholar who dressed in the white robes of the Yogic tradition and mastered the morality of the five precepts.
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Chandrakirti
Chandrakirti was a Buddhist scholar of the Madhyamaka school and a noted commentator on the works of Nagarjuna and those of his main disciple, Aryadeva, authoring two influential works, Prasannapadā and Madhyamakāvatāra.
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Charvaka
Charvaka (IAST: Cārvāka), originally known as Lokāyata and Bṛhaspatya, is the ancient school of Indian materialism.
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Clergy
Clergy are some of the main and important formal leaders within certain religions.
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Daniel A. Arnold
Daniel A. Arnold (born 1965) is an American scholar and philosopher.
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Daoist meditation
Daoist meditation refers to the traditional meditative practices associated with the Chinese philosophy and religion of Daoism, including concentration, mindfulness, contemplation, and visualization.
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Darśana
Darśana (Sanskrit: दर्शन, lit. view, sight) is the auspicious sight of a deity or a holy person.
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David Komito
David Ross Komito is a professor of Asian Philosophy and author on the subjects of Mādhyamaka Buddhist philosophy, meditation and the psychology of religion.
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David Seyfort Ruegg
David Seyfort Ruegg (New York, 1931) is an eminent Buddhologist with a long career, extending from the 1950s to the present.
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Dharmakirti
Dharmakīrti (fl. c. 6th or 7th century) was an influential Indian Buddhist philosopher who worked at Nālandā.
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Doctrinal background of Zen
Zen has a rich doctrinal background, despite the traditional Zen narrative which states that it is a "special transmission outside scriptures" which "did not stand upon words.".
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Dzogchen
Dzogchen or "Great Perfection", Sanskrit: अतियोग, is a tradition of teachings in Tibetan Buddhism aimed at discovering and continuing in the natural primordial state of being.
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Dzongsar Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö
Dzongsar Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö (c. 1893 – 1959) was a Tibetan lama, a master of many lineages, and a teacher of many of the major figures in 20th-century Tibetan Buddhism.
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East Asian Mādhyamaka
East Asian Madhyamaka refers to the Buddhist traditions in East Asia which represent the Indian Madhyamaka system of thought.
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East Mountain Teaching
East Mountain Teaching denotes the teachings of the Fourth Ancestor Dayi Daoxin, his student and heir the Fifth Ancestor Daman Hongren, and their students and lineage of Chan Buddhism.
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Eastern philosophy
Eastern philosophy or Asian philosophy includes the various philosophies that originated in East and South Asia including Chinese philosophy, Japanese philosophy, Korean philosophy which are dominant in East Asia and Vietnam, and Indian philosophy (including Buddhist philosophy) which are dominant in South Asia, Tibet and Southeast Asia.
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Eight Consciousnesses
The Eight Consciousnesses (Skt. aṣṭa vijñānakāyāḥ) is a classification developed in the tradition of the Yogācāra school of Mahayana Buddhism.
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Enlightenment (spiritual)
Enlightenment is the "full comprehension of a situation".
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Epistemology
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge.
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Essence
In philosophy, essence is the property or set of properties that make an entity or substance what it fundamentally is, and which it has by necessity, and without which it loses its identity.
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Essence-Function
Essence-Function (體用, Chinese pinyin: tǐ yòng, Korean: che-yong), also called Substance and Function, is a key concept in Chinese philosophy and other Far-Eastern philosophies.
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Existence
Existence, in its most generic terms, is the ability to, directly or indirectly, interact with reality or, in more specific cases, the universe.
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Faith in Buddhism
In Buddhism, faith (italic, italic) refers to a serene commitment to the practice of the Buddha's teaching and trust in enlightened or highly developed beings, such as Buddhas or bodhisattvas (those aiming to become a Buddha).
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Five Ranks
The Five Ranks is a poem consisting of five stanzas describing the stages of realization in the practice of Zen Buddhism.
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Gelug
The Gelug (Wylie: dGe-Lugs-Pa) is the newest of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Geshe
Geshe (Tib. dge bshes, short for dge-ba'i bshes-gnyen, "virtuous friend"; translation of Skt. kalyāņamitra) or geshema is a Tibetan Buddhist academic degree for monks and nuns.
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Glossary of Buddhism
Some Buddhist terms and concepts lack direct translations into English that cover the breadth of the original term.
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Gorampa
Gorampa Sonam Senge (1429-1489Dreyfus (2003) p.301) was an important philosopher in the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Heart Sutra
The Heart Sūtra (Sanskrit or Chinese 心經 Xīnjīng) is a popular sutra in Mahāyāna Buddhism.
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History of Buddhism
The history of Buddhism spans from the 5th century BCE to the present.
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History of Buddhism in India
Buddhism is a world religion, which arose in and around the ancient Kingdom of Magadha (now in Bihar, India), and is based on the teachings of Siddhārtha Gautama who was deemed a "Buddha" ("Awakened One").
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History of Hinduism
History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related religious traditions native to the Indian subcontinent notably in modern-day Nepal and India.
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History of logic
The history of logic deals with the study of the development of the science of valid inference (logic).
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History of Tibetan Buddhism
Buddhism was first actively disseminated in Tibet from the 7th to the 9th century CE, predominantly from India, but also influenced by Chinese Buddhism.
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Huayan
The Huayan or Flower Garland school of Buddhism (from Avataṃsaka) is a tradition of Mahayana Buddhist philosophy that first flourished in China during the Tang dynasty.
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Immanence
The doctrine or theory of immanence holds that the divine encompasses or is manifested in the material world.
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Index of Buddhism-related articles
No description.
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Index of Eastern philosophy articles
This is a list of articles in Eastern philosophy.
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Index of philosophy articles (I–Q)
No description.
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Integral theory (Ken Wilber)
Integral theory is Ken Wilber's attempt to place a wide diversity of theories and thinkers into one single framework.
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International Buddhist Academy
The International Buddhist Academy (IBA) is an academy of Buddhist philosophy situated in the Boudha area of Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Jainism
Jainism, traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.
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Jamgon Ju Mipham Gyatso
Jamgön Ju Mipham, or Mipham Jamyang Namgyal Gyamtso (1846–1912) (also known as "Mipham the Great") was a very influential philosopher and polymath of the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Jamgon Kongtrul
Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thayé (1813–1899), also known as Jamgön Kongtrül the Great, was a Tibetan Buddhist scholar, poet, artist, physician, tertön and polymath.
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Jan Westerhoff
Jan Christoph Westerhoff is a philosopher and orientalist with specific interests in metaphysics and the philosophy of language.
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Jan Willem de Jong
Jan Willem (J. W.) de Jong (15 February 1921 – 22 January 2000) was a 20th-century indologist and buddhologist.
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Jñānagarbha
Jñānagarbha (Tibetan: ཡེ་ཤེས་སྙིང་པོ་, Wyl. ye shes snying po) was an 8th-century Buddhist philosopher from Nalanda who wrote on Madhyamika and Yogacara and is considered part of Bhāviveka's Svatantrika tradition.
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Jīva (Jainism)
The Jīva or Atman (आत्मन्) is a philosophical term used within Jainism to identify the soul.
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Je Tsongkapay Ling
Je Tsongkapay Ling (Tib. rje tsong kha pa'i rig pa’i ‘byung gnas gling in Wylie transliteration mode, name before 2014 - Je Tsongkhapa Ling) is a Buddhist College and Home Retirement (Retreat Center), founded in 2001 by a Tibetan lama Khenpo Kyosang Rinpoche.
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Je Tsongkhapa
Zongkapa Lobsang Zhaba, or Tsongkhapa ("The man from Tsongkha", 1357–1419), usually taken to mean "the Man from Onion Valley", born in Amdo, was a famous teacher of Tibetan Buddhism whose activities led to the formation of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Jigme Lingpa
Jigme Lingpa (1729–1798) was a Tibetan tertön of the Nyingma sect of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Jizang
Jizang (. Japanese) (549–623) was a Persian-Chinese Buddhist monk and scholar who is often regarded as the founder of East Asian Mādhyamaka.
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Karma Kagyu
Karma Kagyu, or Kamtsang Kagyu, is probably the 2nd largest and certainly the most widely practiced lineage within the Kagyu school, one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Kashmir
Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.
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Kelsang Gyatso
Kelsang Gyatso (b. 1931) is a Buddhist monk, meditation teacher, scholar, and author.
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Ken Wilber
Kenneth Earl Wilber II (born January 31, 1949) is an American writer on transpersonal psychology and his own integral theory, a four-quadrant grid which suggests the synthesis of all human knowledge and experience.
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Khenpo Sherab Sangpo
Khenpo Sherab Sangpo Khenpo Sherab Sangpo was trained by Khenpo Petse Rinpoche and Jigme Phuntsok Rinpoche, two of the greatest masters of the Nyingma tradition in recent history.
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Khenpo Sodargye
Khenpo Sodargye (Tibetan：མཁན་པོ བསོད་དར་རྒྱས；Chinese:索达吉堪布) was born in the eastern region of Tibet known as Kham in 1962, and was ordained in 1985 at the renowned Larung Buddhist Institute, the largest Buddhist academy of its kind in the world., also in present-day Sichuan province of the PRC.
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Kirti Stambha
Kirti Stambha is a 12th-century tower situated at Chittorgarh fort in Rajasthan, India.
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Korean Buddhism
Korean Buddhism is distinguished from other forms of Buddhism by its attempt to resolve what it sees as inconsistencies in Mahayana Buddhism.
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Kumārajīva
Kumārajīva (कुमारजीव,, 344–413 CE) was a Buddhist monk, scholar, and translator from the Kingdom of Kucha.
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Later Qin
The Later Qin (384-417), also known as Yao Qin (姚秦), was a state of Qiang ethnicity of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin dynasty (265-420) in China.
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List of Buddhists
This is a list of notable Buddhists, encompassing all the major branches of the religion (i.e. in Buddhism), and including interdenominational and eclectic Buddhist practitioners.
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List of founders of religious traditions
This article lists historical figures credited with founding religions or religious philosophies or people who first codified older known religious traditions.
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List of religions and spiritual traditions
Religion is a collection of cultural systems, beliefs and world views that establishes symbols relating humanity to spirituality and, often, to moral values.
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List of schools of philosophy
No description.
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List of Tibetan writers
This is a chronological list of important Tibetan writers.
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List of writers on Buddhism
This is a list of writers on Buddhism.
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Lopön Tenzin Namdak
Lopön Tenzin Namdak (born 1926 in Khyungpo Karu - - in Kham) is a Tibetan religious leader and the most senior teacher of Bon, in particular of Dzogchen and the Mother Tantras.
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Mañjuśrīmitra
Mañjuśrīmitra (fl. 55 CE)() was an Indian Buddhist scholar, the main student of Garab Dorje and a teacher of Dzogchen.
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Madhyamakālaṃkāra
The Madhyamakālaṃkāra is an eighth-century Buddhist text, believed to have been originally composed in Sanskrit by Śāntarakṣita (725–788), which is extant in Tibetan.
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Madhyamakāvatāra
The Madhyamakāvatāra is a text by Candrakīrti (600–c. 650) on the Mādhyamaka school of Buddhist philosophy.
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Mahamudra
Mahāmudrā (Sanskrit, Tibetan: Chagchen, Wylie: phyag chen, contraction of Chagya Chenpo, Wylie: phyag rgya chen po) literally means "great seal" or "great imprint" and refers to the fact that "all phenomena inevitably are stamped by the fact of wisdom and emptiness inseparable".
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Mahayana
Mahāyāna (Sanskrit for "Great Vehicle") is one of two (or three, if Vajrayana is counted separately) main existing branches of Buddhism and a term for classification of Buddhist philosophies and practice.
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Mahāprajñāpāramitāupadeśa
The Mahāprajñāpāramitōpadeśa (Commentary on the Great Perfection of Wisdom, also known as Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra, Chinese: 大智度論, Pinyin: Dà zhìdù lùn, Taisho no. 1509) is an encyclopedic Mahayana Buddhist commentary on Prajñāpāramitā, particularly the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā sutra.
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Maitreya-nātha
Maitreya-nātha (ca. 270-350 CE) is a name whose use was pioneered by Buddhist scholars Erich Frauwallner, Giuseppe Tucci, and Hakuju Ui to distinguish one of the three founders of the Yogacara school of Buddhist philosophy, along with Asanga and Vasubandhu.
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Materialism
Materialism is a form of philosophical monism which holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all things, including mental aspects and consciousness, are results of material interactions.
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Maya (religion)
Maya (Devanagari: माया, IAST: māyā), literally "illusion" or "magic", has multiple meanings in Indian philosophies depending on the context.
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Mūlamadhyamakakārikā
The Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (Sanskrit) or Fundamental Verses on the Middle Way, is a key text of the Madhyamaka-school, written by Nagarjuna.
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Mereological nihilism
Mereological nihilism (also called compositional nihilism, or rarely simply nihilism) is the mereological position that objects with proper parts do not exist.
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Metaphysics
Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of being, existence, and reality.
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Middle Way
The Middle Way or Middle Path (Majjhimāpaṭipadā; Madhyamāpratipad;;; มัชฌิมาปฏิปทา) is the term that Gautama Buddha used to describe the character of the Noble Eightfold Path he discovered that leads to liberation.
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Mikyö Dorje, 8th Karmapa Lama
Mikyö Dorje (1507–1554) was the eighth Karmapa, head of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Monism
Monism attributes oneness or singleness (Greek: μόνος) to a concept e.g., existence.
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Nagarjuna
Nāgārjuna (c. 150 – c. 250 CE) is widely considered one of the most important Mahayana philosophers.
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Nalanda
Nalanda was a Mahavihara, a large Buddhist monastery, in the ancient kingdom of Magadha (modern-day Bihar) in India.
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Nondualism
In spirituality, nondualism, also called non-duality, means "not two" or "one undivided without a second".
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Nyingma
The Nyingma tradition is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism (the other three being the Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug).
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Order of Interbeing
The Order of Interbeing (Tiếp Hiện, Ordre de l'Interêtre) was founded between 1964 and 1966 by Vietnamese Buddhist monk Thích Nhất Hạnh.
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Outline of Buddhism
Buddhism (Pali/बौद्ध धर्म Buddha Dharma) is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha, "the awakened one".
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Paroksha
In Indian philosophy, Paroksha refers to mediate knowledge or indirect cognition, mediated by sensory-intellectual apparatus, in which thought systems psychological insights that have evolved in the context of two levels of realities, empirical and transcendental, are gained through both direct cognition and indirect cognition of things that exist in the universe.
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Patsab Nyima Drakpa
Patsab Nyima Drakpa (Tib. པ་ཚབ་ཉི་མ་གྲགས་པ་, Wyl. pa tshab nyi ma grags pa) (1055-1145?) was a Tibetan Buddhist scholar and translator of the Sarma (New Translation) era.
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Paul Williams (Buddhist studies scholar)
Paul Williams (b. 1950) is Emeritus Professor of Indian and Tibetan Philosophy at the University of Bristol, England.
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Philosophy of mind
Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind.
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Philosophy of religion
Philosophy of religion is "the philosophical examination of the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions." These sorts of philosophical discussion are ancient, and can be found in the earliest known manuscripts concerning philosophy.
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Philosophy of self
The philosophy of self defines, among other things, the conditions of identity that make one subject of experience distinct from all others.
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Prajñaptir upādāya
Dependent designation (from prajñaptir upādāya) is an important doctrine of Madhyamika Buddhism.
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Prasaṅgika according to Tsongkhapa
The Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction is a set of arguments about two different positions of emptiness philosophy which are debated within the Mahayana school of Buddhism.
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Pratītyasamutpāda
Pratītyasamutpāda (प्रतीत्यसमुत्पाद pratītyasamutpāda; पटिच्चसमुप्पाद paṭiccasamuppāda), commonly translated as dependent origination, or dependent arising, is the principle that all dharmas ("phenomena") arise in dependence upon other dharmas: "if this exists, that exists; if this ceases to exist, that also ceases to exist".
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Pudgalavada
The Pudgalavāda (Sanskrit) or "Personalist" school of Buddhism, was a grouping of early Buddhist schools that separated from the Sthavira nikāya around 280 BCE.
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Pure Land Buddhism
Pure Land Buddhism (浄土仏教 Jōdo bukkyō; Korean:; Tịnh Độ Tông), also referred to as Amidism in English, is a broad branch of Mahayana Buddhism and one of the most widely practiced traditions of Buddhism in East Asia.
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Pyrrhonism
Pyrrhonism was a school of skepticism founded by Pyrrho in the fourth century BC.
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Raimon Panikkar
Raimon Panikkar Alemany (November 2, 1918 – August 26, 2010; also known as Raimundo Panikkar and Raymond Panikkar) was a Spanish Roman Catholic priest and a proponent of inter-religious dialogue.
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Rangtong-Shentong
Rangtong and shentong are two distinctive views on emptiness (sunyata) and the two truths doctrine within Tibetan Buddhism.
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Ratnākaraśānti
Ratnākaraśānti (also known as Śāntipa) (c. 1000 CE) was one of the eighty-four Buddhist Mahāsiddhas and the chief debate-master at the monastic university of Vikramashila.
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Reality in Buddhism
Reality in Buddhism is called dharma (Sanskrit) or dhamma (Pali).
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Refuge tree
The imagery of the Refuge Tree, also referred to as Refuge Assembly, Refuge Field, Merit Field, Field of Merit or Field of Accumulation (Tibetan: ཚོགས་ཞིང་།, Wylie: tshogs zhing) is a key part of a visualization and foundational meditation practice common to Tantric Buddhism.
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Relativism
Relativism is the idea that views are relative to differences in perception and consideration.
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Reverberation of Sound
The Reverberation of Sound, or Dratenjur, is considered to be the root tantra of the seventeen tantras of the Menngagde approach to Dzogchen.
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Rigdzin Kumaradza
Rigdzin Kumaradza (1266–1343) was a Dzogchen master in the lineage of the Vima Nyingthig.
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Rimé movement
The Rimé movement is a movement involving the Sakya, Kagyu and Nyingma schools of Tibetan Buddhism, along with some Bon scholars.
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Robert K. C. Forman
Robert K. C. Forman, a long-term TM-practitioner and a critic of the constructionist approach to mystical experience, was professor of religion at the City University of New York, author of several studies on religious experience, and co-editor of the Journal of Consciousness Studies.
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Robert Magliola
Roberto Rino Magliola (born 1940) is an Italian-American academic specializing in European hermeneutics and deconstruction, in comparative philosophy, and in inter-religious dialogue.
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Saṃsāra
Saṃsāra is a Sanskrit word that means "wandering" or "world", with the connotation of cyclic, circuitous change.
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Sakya Chokden
Serdok Penchen Sakya Chokden (gser mdog pan chen shakya mchog ldan, 1428–1507) was one of the most important religious thinkers of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Samadhiraja Sutra
The Samādhirāja Sūtra or Candrapradīpa Sūtra (Sanskrit) is a Buddhist sutra dating to c. 2nd century CE.
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Sandhinirmocana Sutra
The Ārya-saṃdhi-nirmocana-sūtra (Sanskrit;; Gongpa Ngédrel) or Noble sūtra of the Explanation of the Profound Secrets is a Mahāyāna Buddhist text and the most important sutra of the Yogācāra school.
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Sanskrit Buddhist literature
Sanskrit Buddhist literature refers to Buddhist texts composed either in classical Sanskrit, or in a register that has been called "Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit", or a mixture of the two.
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Schools of Buddhism
The Schools of Buddhism are the various institutional and doctrinal divisions of Buddhism that have existed from ancient times up to the present.
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Sengzhao
Sengzhao (or Seng-Chao) (僧肇, Sōjō; 384–414) was a Chinese Buddhist philosopher from Later Qin around 384-417 at Chang'an.
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Sera Monastery
Sera Monastery ("Wild Roses Monastery") is one of the "great three" Gelug university monasteries of Tibet, located north of Lhasa and about north of the Jokhang.
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Shantideva
Shantideva (Sanskrit: Śāntideva;;; Шантидэва гэгээн; Tịch Thiên) was a 8th-century Indian Buddhist monk and scholar at Nalanda.
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Shedra
Shedra is a Tibetan word (བཤད་གྲྭ, bshad grwa) meaning "place of teaching" but specifically refers to the educational program in Tibetan Buddhist monasteries and nunneries.
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Smarta tradition
Smarta tradition is a movement in Hinduism that developed during its classical period around the beginning of the Common Era.
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Solipsism
Solipsism is the philosophical idea that only one's own mind is sure to exist.
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Sonam Tsemo
Sonam Tsemo (tib.: bsod nams rtse mo; 1142–1182) (or Lobpon Sonam Tsemo), an important Tibetan sprititual leader and Buddhist scholar, was the second of the so-called Five Venerable Supreme Sakya Masters of Tibet, the founding fathers of the Sakya tradition.
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Sutrasamuccaya
The Sūtrasamuccaya (Sanskrit; which may be rendered in English as 'Compendium of Scriptures') is a collection of excerpts from various Buddhist Sūtra.
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Svabhava
Svabhava (svabhāva; sabhāva) literally means "own-being" or "own-becoming".
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Svasaṃvedana
In Buddhist philosophy, Svasaṃvedana (also Svasaṃvitti) is a term which refers to the self-reflexive nature of consciousness.
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Svatantrika–Prasaṅgika distinction
The Svatantrika–Prasaṅgika distinction is a doctrinal distinction made within Tibetan Buddhism between two stances regarding the use of logic and the meaning of conventional truth within the presentation of Madhyamaka.
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Taishō Tripiṭaka
The Taishō Tripiṭaka (Japanese: Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō; English: Taishō Revised Tripiṭaka) is a definitive edition of the Chinese Buddhist canon and its Japanese commentaries used by scholars in the 20th century.
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Tathāgatagarbha sūtras
The Tathāgatagarbha sūtras are a group of Mahayana sutras that present the concept of the "womb" or "embryo" (garbha) of the tathāgata, the buddha.
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Tetralemma
The tetralemma is a figure that features prominently in the logic of India.
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Thirty-five Confession Buddhas
The Thirty-Five Confession Buddhas are known from the Sutra of the Three Heaps (Sanskrit: Triskandhadharmasutra; Tib. phung po gsum pa'i mdo), popular in Tibetan Buddhism.
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Three Turnings of the Wheel of Dharma
The Three Turnings of the Wheel (of Dharma) refers to a framework for understanding the sutra stream of the teachings of the Buddhism originally devised by the Yogachara school.
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Tibetan Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism is the form of Buddhist doctrine and institutions named after the lands of Tibet, but also found in the regions surrounding the Himalayas and much of Central Asia.
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Tibetan Buddhist canon
The Tibetan Buddhist canon is a loosely defined list of sacred texts recognized by various sects of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Tiruppattur R. Venkatachala Murti
Tirupattur Ramaseshayyer Venkatachala Murti (June 15, 1902 – March 1986) was an Indian academic, philosopher, writer and translator.
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Tom Tillemans
T.
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Trijang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso
The Third Trijang Rinpoche, Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso (1901–1981) was a Gelug Lama and a direct disciple of Pabongkhapa Déchen Nyingpo.
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Tsangpa Gyare
The great ascetic Drogon Tsangpa Gyare (1161–1211) was the main disciple of Lingchen Repa Pema Dorje and the founder of the Drukpa Lineage of Tibetan Buddhism the main or central branch of which was, until the 17th Century, transmitted by his hereditary family lineage at Ralung in the Tsang region of western Tibet.
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Tulpa
Tulpa is a concept in mysticism and the paranormal of a being or object which is created through spiritual or mental powers.
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Two truths doctrine
The Buddhist doctrine of the two truths differentiates between two levels of satya (Sanskrit), meaning truth or "really existing" in the discourse of the Buddha: the "conventional" or "provisional" truth, and the "ultimate" truth.
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Vajrayana
Vajrayāna, Mantrayāna, Tantrayāna, Tantric Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism are the various Buddhist traditions of Tantra and "Secret Mantra", which developed in medieval India and spread to Tibet and East Asia.
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Vipassanā
Vipassanā (Pāli) or vipaśyanā (विपश्यन) in the Buddhist tradition means insight into the true nature of reality.
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Xuecheng (monk)
Xuecheng (born 3 October 1966) is a Buddhist monk, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and a popular blogger.
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Yogachara
Yogachara (IAST:; literally "yoga practice"; "one whose practice is yoga") is an influential school of Buddhist philosophy and psychology emphasizing phenomenology and ontology through the interior lens of meditative and yogic practices.
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Yogi
A yogi (sometimes spelled jogi) is a practitioner of yoga.
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Yogini
Yogini (spelled also jogan), is the feminine Sanskrit word of the masculine yogi, while the term "yogin" is used in neutral, masculine or feminine sense.
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Zen
Zen (p; translit) is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty as Chan Buddhism.
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Zong Rinpoche
Zong Rinpoche (1905-1984 AD) was a Gelug Lama and disciple of the third Trijang Rinpoche, junior tutor of the 14th Dalai Lama.
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Zong-qi Cai
Zong-qi Cai (蔡宗齊) is a bicultural U.S./China academic based at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he teaches Chinese literature and Classical Chinese poetry and leads the Forum on Chinese Poetic Culture.
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Zuowang
Zuowang (simplified Chinese: 坐忘; pinyin: zuòwàng) is a classic Daoist meditation technique, described as, "a state of deep trance or intense absorption, during which no trace of ego-identity is felt and only the underlying cosmic current of the Dao is perceived as real." According to Louis Komjathy, this is one term for Daoist apophatic meditation, which also goes by various names in the Daoist literature such as "quiet sitting" (jingzuo 靜坐), "guarding the one" (shouyi 守一), "fasting the heartmind" (xinzhai 心 齋) and "embracing simplicity" (baopu 抱 朴).
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2nd century
The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Common Era.
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470
Year 470 (CDLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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500
Year 500 (D) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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550
Year 550 (DL) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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578
Year 578 (DLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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600
Year 600 (DC) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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650
Year 650 (DCL) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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9th Dalai Lama
The 9th Dalai Lama (religious name: Lungtok Gyatso, shortened from Lobzang Tenpai Wangchuk Lungtok Gyatso; 1 December 18056 March 1815), also spelled Lungtog Gyatso and Luntok Gyatso, was the 9th Dalai Lama of Tibet.
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Madhyamaka Buddhism, Madhyamika, Madhyamika Buddhism, Madyamika, Mādhyamaka, Mādhyamika, Mādhyamika Buddhism, Theory of shunyavada.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhyamaka
