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42 relations: Acetylcholine, Basal ganglia, Cholinergic neuron, Dopaminergic pathways, Globus pallidus, Hallucination, Huntingtin-associated protein 1, Internal globus pallidus, Lateral hypothalamus, Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, List of MeSH codes (A08), List of regions in the human brain, Louis Jacobsohn-Lask, Medial pontine reticular formation, Mesencephalic locomotor region, Mesostriatal system, MLR, Motor cortex, Neuromodulation, Neurotransmitter, Parabrachial nuclei, Parkinsonian gait, Pars reticulata, Pontine tegmentum, PPN, PPTN, Primate basal ganglia, Psychoneuroimmunology, Raphe nuclei, Rapid eye movement sleep, Reticular formation, Reward system, Sleep onset, Striatum, Subthalamic nucleus, Tegmental nucleus, Urotensin II-related peptide, Urotensin-II, Urotensin-II receptor, Ventral tegmental area, Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus, Zona incerta.
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic chemical that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals, including humans, as a neurotransmitter—a chemical message released by nerve cells to send signals to other cells.
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Basal ganglia
The basal ganglia (or basal nuclei) is a group of subcortical nuclei, of varied origin, in the brains of vertebrates including humans, which are situated at the base of the forebrain.
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Cholinergic neuron
A cholinergic neuron is a nerve cell which mainly uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) to send its messages.
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Dopaminergic pathways
Dopaminergic pathways, sometimes called dopaminergic projections, are the sets of projection neurons in the brain that synthesize and release the neurotransmitter dopamine.
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Globus pallidus
The globus pallidus (Latin for "pale globe") also known as paleostriatum or dorsal pallidum, is a subcortical structure of the brain.
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Hallucination
A hallucination is a perception in the absence of external stimulus that has qualities of real perception.
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Huntingtin-associated protein 1
Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HAP1 gene.
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Internal globus pallidus
The internal globus pallidus (GPi) (or medial globus pallidus) and the external globus pallidus (GPe) make up the globus pallidus.
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Lateral hypothalamus
The lateral hypothalamus, also called the lateral hypothalamic area, contains the primary orexinergic nucleus within the hypothalamus that widely projects throughout the nervous system; this system of neurons mediates an array of cognitive and physical processes, such as promoting feeding behavior and arousal, reducing pain perception, and regulating body temperature, digestive functions, and blood pressure, among many others.
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Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (or lateroposterior tegmental nucleus) is a nucleus situated in the brainstem, spanning the midbrain tegmentum and the pontine tegmentum.
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List of MeSH codes (A08)
The following is a list of the "A" codes for MeSH.
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List of regions in the human brain
The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies.
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Louis Jacobsohn-Lask
Louis Jacobsohn-Lask (born Louis Jacobsohn: 2 March 1863, Bromberg – 17 May 1941, Sevastopol) was a German neurologist and neuroanatomist.
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Medial pontine reticular formation
The medial pontine reticular formation (MPRF) is a part of the human brain located in the pons of the brainstem (specifically the central pontine reticular formation).
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Mesencephalic locomotor region
The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) is a functionally defined area of the brainstem that is associated with the initiation and control of locomotor movements in vertebrate species.
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Mesostriatal system
The Mesostriatal system is a term sometimes used to identify the midbrain dopamine projections into the striatum and cortex.
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MLR
MLR may refer to.
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Motor cortex
The motor cortex is the region of the cerebral cortex involved in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements.
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Neuromodulation
Neuromodulation is the physiological process by which a given neuron uses one or more chemicals to regulate diverse populations of neurons.
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Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission.
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Parabrachial nuclei
The parabrachial nuclei, also known as the parabrachial complex, are a group of nuclei in the dorsolateral pons that surrounds the superior cerebellar peduncle as it enters the brainstem from the cerebellum.
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Parkinsonian gait
Parkinsonian gait (or festinating gait, from Latin festinare) is the type of gait exhibited by patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Pars reticulata
The pars reticulata is a portion of the substantia nigra.
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Pontine tegmentum
The pontine tegmentum, or dorsal pons, is located within the brainstem, and is one of two parts of the pons, the other being the ventral pons or basilar part of the pons.
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PPN
PPN may refer to.
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PPTN
PPTN may refer to.
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Primate basal ganglia
The basal ganglia form a major brain system in all species of vertebrates, but in primates (including humans) there are special features that justify a separate consideration.
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Psychoneuroimmunology
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), also referred to as psychoendoneuroimmunology (PENI) or psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology (PNEI), is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body.
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Raphe nuclei
The raphe nuclei (ῥαφή "seam"Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.) are a moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem.
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Rapid eye movement sleep
Rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep, REMS) is a unique phase of sleep in mammals and birds, distinguishable by random/rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied with low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly.
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Reticular formation
The reticular formation is a set of interconnected nuclei that are located throughout the brainstem.
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Reward system
The reward system is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., motivation and "wanting", desire, or craving for a reward), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positive emotions, particularly ones which involve pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).
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Sleep onset
Sleep onset is the transition from wakefulness into sleep.
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Striatum
The striatum, or corpus striatum (also called the neostriatum and the striate nucleus) is a nucleus (a cluster of neurons) in the subcortical basal ganglia of the forebrain.
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Subthalamic nucleus
The subthalamic nucleus is a small lens-shaped nucleus in the brain where it is, from a functional point of view, part of the basal ganglia system.
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Tegmental nucleus
Tegmental nucleus may refer to.
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Urotensin II-related peptide
Urotensin II-related peptide (URP) is a cyclic neuropeptide that is found in all vertebrates that have been genome sequenced so far.
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Urotensin-II
Urotensin-II (U-II) is a peptide ligand that is the strongest known vasoconstrictor.
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Urotensin-II receptor
The urotensin-2 receptor (UR-II-R) also known as GPR14 is a class A rhodopsin family G protein coupled-receptor (GPCR) that is 386 amino acids long which binds primarily to the neuropeptide urotensin II.
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Ventral tegmental area
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) (tegmentum is Latin for covering), also known as the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, or simply ventral tegmentum, is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of the midbrain.
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Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus
The ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO), also known as the intermediate nucleus of the preoptic area (IPA), is a small cluster of neurons situated in the anterior hypothalamus, sitting just above and to the side of the optic chiasm in the brain of humans and other animals.
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Zona incerta
The zona incerta is a horizontally elongated region of gray matter in the subthalamus below the thalamus.
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Redirects here:
Nucleus tegmentalis pedunculopontinus, PPT nucleus, PPTg, Pedunculopontine, Pedunculopontine complex, Pedunculopontine nuclei, Pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei, Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedunculopontine_nucleus
