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176 relations: Addison-Wesley, Advertising, Affect (psychology), American Journal of Sociology, American Psychological Association, American Sociological Review, Antipathy, Archetype, Art, Attribute substitution, Attribution (psychology), Attribution bias, Base rate fallacy, Black people, Blonde stereotype, British Journal of Social Psychology, British Psychological Society, Cambridge University Press, Cengage, Chess, Cinema of the United States, Claude Steele, Cliché, Cognition, Cognitive bias, Competition, Conjunction fallacy, Correlation and dependence, Counterstereotype, Crime, Cultural identity, Damsel in distress, Daniel Katz (psychologist), Discrimination, Disposition, Douglas Coupland, Ellen S. Berscheid, Elsevier, Emotion, Encoding (memory), Ethnic stereotype, European Journal of Social Psychology, Euthanasia, Face-ism, Feedback, Femininity, Femme fatale, Firmin Didot, Flapper, French language, ..., Gang, Gay, Gender representation in video games, Gibson Girl, Gordon Allport, Greek language, Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, Guilford Press, Gun, Henri Tajfel, Heterosexuality, Idea, Implicit stereotype, Implicit-association test, Impression formation, In-group favoritism, Information literacy, Ingroups and outgroups, Jennifer Crocker, Job interview, John Bargh, John Wiley & Sons, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Journal of Social Issues, Just-world hypothesis, Labeling theory, Latin America, LGBT stereotypes, List of anti-cultural, anti-national, and anti-ethnic terms, List of ethnic slurs, List of sexuality related phobias, Literature, Lyn Yvonne Abramson, Machismo, Mark Zanna, Masculinity, McGraw-Hill Education, Media (communication), Mediation (statistics), Meta-analysis, Minority group, MIT Press, Mobile phone, Motivation, Negativity bias, New Woman, Nurse stereotypes, Obesity, Out-group homogeneity, Pacific Islander, Patricia Devine, Pergamon Press, Perspectives on Psychological Science, Physical attractiveness, Physical attractiveness stereotype, Pity, Planet Simpson, Positive stereotype, Prejudice, Priming (psychology), Printing, Psychological Review, Psychological Science, Public Opinion (book), Publication bias, Race and video games, Random House of Canada, Reality, Recruitment, Role, Role reversal, SAGE Publications, Salience (neuroscience), Sample (statistics), Scapegoating, Schema (psychology), Self-categorization theory, Self-esteem, Sexual objectification, Sexual orientation, Sitcom, Social dominance orientation, Social identity theory, Social psychology, Social status, Social stigma, Socialization, Standardized test, Stanford University, Statistical syllogism, Stereotype content model, Stereotype threat, Stereotypes of African Americans, Stereotypes of Americans, Stereotypes of animals, Stereotypes of Argentines, Stereotypes of Germans, Stereotypes of groups within the United States, Stereotypes of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States, Stereotypes of Jews, Stereotypes of South Asians, Stigma management, Stock character, Stuttering, Subliminal stimuli, Susan Fiske, Sympathy, Taylor & Francis, The Atlantic, The Journal of Social Psychology, The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Theory, Trait ascription bias, Typography, Undergraduate education, United States, Video game, Walter Lippmann, White Americans, Wiley-Blackwell, William T. L. Cox, Women are wonderful effect, Yueh-Ting Lee. Expand index (126 more) »
Addison-Wesley
Addison-Wesley is a publisher of textbooks and computer literature.
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Advertising
Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, non-personal message to promote or sell a product, service or idea.
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Affect (psychology)
Affect is a concept used in psychology to describe the experience of feeling or emotion.
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American Journal of Sociology
Established in 1895 as the first US scholarly journal in its field, American Journal of Sociology (AJS) presents pathbreaking work from all areas of sociology, with an emphasis on theory building and innovative methods.
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American Psychological Association
The American Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States, with around 117,500 members including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students.
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American Sociological Review
The American Sociological Review is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects of sociology.
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Antipathy
Antipathy is a voluntary or involuntary dislike for something or somebody, the opposite of sympathy.
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Archetype
The concept of an archetype appears in areas relating to behavior, modern psychological theory, and literary analysis.
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Art
Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative, conceptual idea, or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.
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Attribute substitution
Attribute substitution is a psychological process thought to underlie a number of cognitive biases and perceptual illusions.
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Attribution (psychology)
Humans are motivated to assign causes to their actions and behaviors.
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Attribution bias
In psychology, an attribution bias or attributional bias is a cognitive bias that refers to the systematic errors made when people evaluate or try to find reasons for their own and others' behaviors.
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Base rate fallacy
The base rate fallacy, also called base rate neglect or base rate bias, is a formal fallacy.
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Black people
Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other populations.
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Blonde stereotype
Blonde stereotypes are stereotypes of blond haired people, especially women.
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British Journal of Social Psychology
The British Journal of Social Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the British Psychological Society.
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British Psychological Society
The British Psychological Society (BPS) is a representative body for psychologists and psychology in the United Kingdom.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Cengage
Cengage is an educational content, technology, and services company for the higher education, K-12, professional, and library markets worldwide.
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Chess
Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid.
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Cinema of the United States
The cinema of the United States, often metonymously referred to as Hollywood, has had a profound effect on the film industry in general since the early 20th century.
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Claude Steele
Claude Mason Steele (born January 1, 1946) is an African-American social psychologist.
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Cliché
A cliché or cliche is an expression, idea, or element of an artistic work which has become overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect, even to the point of being trite or irritating, especially when at some earlier time it was considered meaningful or novel.
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Cognition
Cognition is "the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".
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Cognitive bias
A cognitive bias is a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.
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Competition
Competition is, in general, a contest or rivalry between two or more entities, organisms, animals, individuals, economic groups or social groups, etc., for territory, a niche, for scarce resources, goods, for mates, for prestige, recognition, for awards, for group or social status, or for leadership and profit.
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Conjunction fallacy
The conjunction fallacy (also known as the Linda problem) is a formal fallacy that occurs when it is assumed that specific conditions are more probable than a single general one.
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Correlation and dependence
In statistics, dependence or association is any statistical relationship, whether causal or not, between two random variables or bivariate data.
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Counterstereotype
A counterstereotype is an idea or object that goes against a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment.
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Crime
In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority.
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Cultural identity
Cultural identity is the identity or feeling of belonging to a group.
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Damsel in distress
The damsel-in-distress, persecuted maiden, or princess in jeopardy is a classic theme in world literature, art, film and video games.
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Daniel Katz (psychologist)
Daniel Katz (July 19, 1903 – February 28, 1998) was an American psychologist, Emeritus Professor in Psychology at the University of Michigan and an expert on organizational psychology.
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Discrimination
In human social affairs, discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a person based on the group, class, or category to which the person is perceived to belong.
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Disposition
A disposition is a quality of character, a habit, a preparation, a state of readiness, or a tendency to act in a specified way that may be learned.
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Douglas Coupland
Douglas CouplandSteve Lohr, "No More McJobs for Mr.
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Ellen S. Berscheid
Ellen S. Berscheid (born 1936) is an American social psychologist.
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Elsevier
Elsevier is an information and analytics company and one of the world's major providers of scientific, technical, and medical information.
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Emotion
Emotion is any conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a certain degree of pleasure or displeasure.
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Encoding (memory)
Memory has the ability to encode, store and recall information.
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Ethnic stereotype
An ethnic stereotype, national stereotype, or national character is a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group or nationality, their status, society and cultural norms.
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European Journal of Social Psychology
The European Journal of Social Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research in social psychology, including social cognition, attitudes, group processes, social influence, intergroup relations, self and identity, nonverbal communication, and social psychological aspects of affect and emotion, and of language and discourse.
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Euthanasia
Euthanasia (from εὐθανασία; "good death": εὖ, eu; "well" or "good" – θάνατος, thanatos; "death") is the practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
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Face-ism
Face-ism or facial prominence is the relative prominence of the face in the portrayal of men and women; media tend to focus more on men's faces and women's bodies.
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Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause-and-effect that forms a circuit or loop.
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Femininity
Femininity (also called girlishness, womanliness or womanhood) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with girls and women.
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Femme fatale
A femme fatale, sometimes called a maneater, is a stock character of a mysterious and seductive woman whose charms ensnare her lovers, often leading them into compromising, dangerous, and deadly situations.
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Firmin Didot
Firmin Didot (14 April 176424 April 1836) was a French printer, engraver, and type founder.
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Flapper
Flappers were a generation of young Western women in the 1920s who wore short skirts, bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior.
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French language
French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
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Gang
A gang is a group of associates, friends or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collectively, in illegal, and possibly violent, behavior.
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Gay
Gay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual.
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Gender representation in video games
The portrayal of men and women in video games, as in other media, is a subject of research in gender studies and is discussed in the context of sexism in video gaming.
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Gibson Girl
The Gibson Girl was the personification of the feminine ideal of physical attractiveness as portrayed by the pen-and-ink illustrations of artist Charles Dana Gibson during a 20-year period that spanned the late 19th and early 20th century in the United States and Canada.
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Gordon Allport
Gordon Willard Allport (November 11, 1897 – October 9, 1967) was an American psychologist.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Group Processes & Intergroup Relations
Group Processes & Intergroup Relations is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers research in the field of social psychology, including organizational and management sciences, political science, sociology, language and communication, cross cultural psychology, and international relations, among others.
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Guilford Press
Guilford Publications, Inc. is a New York City-based independent publisher founded in 1973 that specializes in publishing books, journals, and DVDs in psychology, psychiatry, the behavioral sciences, education, and geography.
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Gun
A gun is a tubular ranged weapon typically designed to pneumatically discharge projectiles that are solid (most guns) but can also be liquid (as in water guns/cannons and projected water disruptors) or even charged particles (as in a plasma gun) and may be free-flying (as with bullets and artillery shells) or tethered (as with Taser guns, spearguns and harpoon guns).
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Henri Tajfel
Henri Tajfel (formerly Hersz Mordche) (22 June 1919 in Włocławek, Poland – 3 May 1982 in Oxford, United Kingdom) was a Polish social psychologist, best known for his pioneering work on the cognitive aspects of prejudice and social identity theory, as well as being one of the founders of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology.
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Heterosexuality
Heterosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between persons of the opposite sex or gender.
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Idea
In philosophy, ideas are usually taken as mental representational images of some object.
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Implicit stereotype
An implicit bias, or implicit stereotype, is the unconscious attribution of particular qualities to a member of a certain social group.
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Implicit-association test
The implicit-association test (IAT) is a measure within social psychology designed to detect the strength of a person's automatic association between mental representations of objects (concepts) in memory.
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Impression formation
Impression formation in social psychology refers to the process by which individual pieces of information about another person are integrated to form a global impression of the individual (i.e. how one person perceives another person).
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In-group favoritism
In-group favoritism, sometimes known as in-group–out-group bias, in-group bias, or intergroup bias, is a pattern of favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members.
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Information literacy
The United States National Forum on Information Literacy defines information literacy as "...
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Ingroups and outgroups
In sociology and social psychology, an ingroup is a social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member.
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Jennifer Crocker
Dr.
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Job interview
A job interview is an interview consisting of a conversation between a job applicant and a representative of an employer which is conducted to assess whether the applicant should be hired.
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John Bargh
John A. Bargh (born 1955) is a social psychologist currently working at Yale University, where he has formed the Automaticity in Cognition, Motivation, and Evaluation (ACME) Laboratory.
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John Wiley & Sons
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., also referred to as Wiley, is a global publishing company that specializes in academic publishing.
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Journal of Abnormal Psychology
The Journal of Abnormal Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association (APA).
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Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
The Journal of Experimental Social Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering social psychology.
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Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies
The Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers research in the field of management studies.
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Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Psychological Association that was established in 1965.
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Journal of Social Issues
The Journal of Social Issues is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues along with Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy and Social Issues and Policy Review.
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Just-world hypothesis
The just-world hypothesis or just-world fallacy is the cognitive bias (or assumption) that a person's actions are inherently inclined to bring morally fair and fitting consequences to that person, to the end of all noble actions being eventually rewarded and all evil actions eventually punished.
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Labeling theory
Labeling theory is the theory of how the self-identity and behavior of individuals may be determined or influenced by the terms used to describe or classify them.
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Latin America
Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Spanish, French and Portuguese are spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero-America or Hispanic America.
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LGBT stereotypes
Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) stereotypes are conventional, formulaic generalizations, opinions, or images based on the sexual orientations or gender identities of LGBT people.
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List of anti-cultural, anti-national, and anti-ethnic terms
The following is a list of anti-cultural, anti-national, and anti-ethnic terms, where "anti-cultural" means sentiments of hostility towards a particular culture, "anti-national" refers to sentiments of hostility towards a particular state or other national administrative entity, and "anti-ethnic" refers to ethnic hatred or sentiments of hostility towards an ethnic group.
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List of ethnic slurs
The following is a list of ethnic slurs (ethnophaulisms) that are, or have been, used as insinuations or allegations about members of a given ethnicity, or to refer to them in a derogatory (that is, critical or disrespectful), pejorative (disapproving or contemptuous), or otherwise insulting manner.
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List of sexuality related phobias
A sexuality related phobia is a fear or dislike of, or a negative attitude towards, a particular type of sexual behavior or people who are identified as or perceived to be members of that group.
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Literature
Literature, most generically, is any body of written works.
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Lyn Yvonne Abramson
Lyn Yvonne Abramson (born February 7, 1950) is a professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
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Machismo
Machismo ((from Spanish and Portuguese "macho", male) is the sense of being 'manly' and self-reliant, the concept associated with "a strong sense of masculine pride: an exaggerated masculinity." It is associated with "a man’s responsibility to provide for, protect, and defend his family." In American political usage, William Safire said that it refers to the... "condescension of the swaggering male; the trappings of manliness used to dominate women and keep them 'in their place....'" The word macho has a long history in both Spain and Portugal as well as in Spanish and Portuguese languages. It was originally associated with the ideal societal role men were expected to play in their communities, most particularly, Iberian language-speaking societies and countries. Macho in Portuguese and Spanish is a strictly masculine term, derived from the Latin mascŭlus meaning male (today hombre or varón, c.f. Portuguese homem and now-obsolete for humans varão; macho and varão, in their most common sense, are used for males of non-human animal species). Machos in Iberian-descended cultures are expected to possess and display bravery, courage and strength as well as wisdom and leadership, and ser macho (literally, "to be a macho") was an aspiration for all boys. During the women's liberation movement of the 1960s and 1970s, the term began to be used by Latin American feminists to describe male aggression and violence. The term was used by Latina feminists and scholars to criticize the patriarchal structure of gendered relations in Latino communities. Their goal was to describe a particular Latin American brand of patriarchy.Opazo, R. M (2008). Latino Youth and Machismo: Working Towards a More Complex Understanding of Marginalized Masculinities. Retrieved From Ryerson University Digital Commons Thesis Dissertation Paper 108. http://digitalcommons.ryerson.ca/dissertations/108 The English word "machismo" derives from the identical Spanish and Portuguese word. Portuguese and Spanish machismo refers to the assumption that masculinity is superior to femininity in males, a concept similar to R. W. Connell's hegemonic masculinity.Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. Los Angeles, California, United States: University of California Press Gender roles make an important part of human identity as we conduct our identities through our historical and current social actions. Machismo's attitudes and behaviours may be frowned upon or encouraged at various degrees in various societies or subcultures – albeit it is frequently associated with more patriarchial undertones, primarily in present views on the past.
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Mark Zanna
Mark Zanna, Ph.D. (Yale), FRSC, is a social psychologist at the University of Waterloo.
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Masculinity
Masculinity (manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles associated with boys and men.
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McGraw-Hill Education
McGraw-Hill Education (MHE) is a learning science company and one of the "big three" educational publishers that provides customized educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.
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Media (communication)
Media are the collective communication outlets or tools used to store and deliver information or data.
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Mediation (statistics)
In statistics, a mediation model is one that seeks to identify and explain the mechanism or process that underlies an observed relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable via the inclusion of a third hypothetical variable, known as a mediator variable (also a mediating variable, intermediary variable, or intervening variable).
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Meta-analysis
A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific studies.
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Minority group
A minority group refers to a category of people differentiated from the social majority, those who hold on to major positions of social power in a society.
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MIT Press
The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States).
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Mobile phone
A mobile phone, known as a cell phone in North America, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area.
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Motivation
Motivation is the reason for people's actions, desires, and needs.
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Negativity bias
The negativity bias,Kanouse, D. E., & Hanson, L. (1972).
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New Woman
The New Woman was a feminist ideal that emerged in the late nineteenth century and had a profound influence on feminism well into the twentieth century.
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Nurse stereotypes
A stereotype is a generalized idea or image about a particular person or thing that is often oversimplified and offensive.
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Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.
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Out-group homogeneity
The out-group homogeneity effect is one's perception of out-group members as more similar to one another than are in-group members, e.g. "they are alike; we are diverse".
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Pacific Islander
Pacific Islanders or Pasifikas are the peoples of the Pacific Islands.
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Patricia Devine
Patricia Grace Devine is a professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where she was the psychology department chair from 2009 to 2014.
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Pergamon Press
Pergamon Press was an Oxford-based publishing house, founded by Paul Rosbaud and Robert Maxwell, which published scientific and medical books and journals.
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Perspectives on Psychological Science
Perspectives on Psychological Science is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal of psychology.
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Physical attractiveness
Physical attractiveness is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.
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Physical attractiveness stereotype
The physical attractiveness stereotype is a tendency, described by psychologists, to assume that people who are physically attractive also possess other socially desirable personality traits.
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Pity
Pity is a sympathetic sorrow evoked by the suffering of others and is used in a comparable sense to compassion, condolence or empathy.
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Planet Simpson
Planet Simpson: How a Cartoon Masterpiece Documented an Era and Defined a Generation, also abbreviated to Planet Simpson: How a Cartoon Masterpiece Defined a Generation, is a non-fiction book about The Simpsons, written by Chris Turner and originally published on October 12, 2004 by Random House.
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Positive stereotype
In social psychology, a positive stereotype refers to a subjectively favorable belief held about a social group.
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Prejudice
Prejudice is an affective feeling towards a person or group member based solely on that person's group membership.
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Priming (psychology)
Priming is a technique whereby exposure to one stimulus influences a response to a subsequent stimulus, without conscious guidance or intention.
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Printing
Printing is a process for reproducing text and images using a master form or template.
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Psychological Review
Psychological Review is a scientific journal that publishes articles on psychological theory.
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Psychological Science
Psychological Science, the flagship journal of the Association for Psychological Science (APS), is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by SAGE Publications.
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Public Opinion (book)
Public Opinion is a book by Walter Lippmann, published in 1922.
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Publication bias
Publication bias is a type of bias that occurs in published academic research.
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Race and video games
The relationship between race and video games has received substantial academic and journalistic attention.
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Random House of Canada
Random House of Canada was the Canadian distributor for Random House, Inc. from 1944 until 2013.
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Reality
Reality is all of physical existence, as opposed to that which is merely imaginary.
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Recruitment
Recruitment (hiring) refers to the overall process of attracting, shortlisting, selecting and appointing suitable candidates for jobs (either permanent or temporary) within an organization.
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Role
A role (also rôle or social role) is a set of connected behaviors, rights, obligations, beliefs, and norms as conceptualized by people in a social situation.
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Role reversal
Role reversal is one of the psychodrama techniques that demonstrate a protagonist's intrapersonal conflicts deeply and explicitly on the stage.
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SAGE Publications
SAGE Publishing is an independent publishing company founded in 1965 in New York by Sara Miller McCune and now based in California.
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Salience (neuroscience)
The salience (also called saliency) of an item – be it an object, a person, a pixel, etc.
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Sample (statistics)
In statistics and quantitative research methodology, a data sample is a set of data collected and/or selected from a statistical population by a defined procedure.
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Scapegoating
Scapegoating is the practice of singling out a person or group for unmerited blame and consequent negative treatment.
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Schema (psychology)
In psychology and cognitive science, a schema (plural schemata or schemas) describes a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them.
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Self-categorization theory
Self-categorization theory is a theory in social psychology that describes the circumstances under which a person will perceive collections of people (including themselves) as a group, as well as the consequences of perceiving people in group terms.
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Self-esteem
Self-esteem reflects an individual's overall subjective emotional evaluation of his or her own worth.
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Sexual objectification
Sexual objectification is the act of treating a person as a mere object of sexual desire.
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Sexual orientation
Sexual orientation is an enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender.
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Sitcom
A sitcom, short for "situation comedy", is a genre of comedy centered on a fixed set of characters who carry over from episode to episode.
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Social dominance orientation
Social dominance orientation (SDO) is a personality trait which predicts social and political attitudes, and is a widely used social psychological scale.
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Social identity theory
Social identity is the portion of an individual's self-concept derived from perceived membership in a relevant social group.
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Social psychology
Social psychology is the study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.
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Social status
Social status is the relative respect, competence, and deference accorded to people, groups, and organizations in a society.
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Social stigma
Social stigma is disapproval of (or discontent with) a person based on socially characteristic grounds that are perceived.
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Socialization
In sociology, socialization is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society.
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Standardized test
A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner.
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Stanford University
Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University, colloquially the Farm) is a private research university in Stanford, California.
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Statistical syllogism
A statistical syllogism (or proportional syllogism or direct inference) is a non-deductive syllogism.
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Stereotype content model
In social psychology, the stereotype content model (SCM) is a model, first proposed in 2002, postulating that all group stereotypes and interpersonal impressions form along two dimensions: (1) warmth and (2) competence.
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Stereotype threat
Stereotype threat is a situational predicament in which people are or feel themselves to be at risk of conforming to stereotypes about their social group.
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Stereotypes of African Americans
Stereotypes and generalizations about African Americans and their culture have evolved within American society dating back to the colonial years of settlement, particularly after slavery became a racial institution that was heritable.
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Stereotypes of Americans
Stereotypes of American people (here meaning US citizens) can today be found in virtually all cultures.
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Stereotypes of animals
When anthropomorphising an animal there are stereotypical traits which commonly tend to be associated with particular species.
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Stereotypes of Argentines
Stereotypes of Argentines are generalizations about Argentines that may or may not reflect reality.
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Stereotypes of Germans
Stereotypes of Germans include real or imagined characteristics of the German people created by people who see the German people as a single and homogeneous group.
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Stereotypes of groups within the United States
Stereotypes exist of various groups of people as found within US culture.
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Stereotypes of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States
Latin America is generally considered to comprise all of the politically independent territory of the Western Hemisphere outside of Canada and the United States, that was originally colonized by the Spaniards or Portuguese.
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Stereotypes of Jews
Stereotypes of Jews are generalized representations of Jews, often caricatured and of a prejudiced and antisemitic nature.
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Stereotypes of South Asians
Stereotypes of South Asians are broadly believed impressions about individuals of South Asian origin that are often inconsistent with reality.
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Stigma management
When a person receives unfair treatment or alienation due to a social stigma, the effects can be detrimental.
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Stock character
A stock character is a stereotypical fictional character in a work of art such as a novel, play, or film, whom audiences recognize from frequent recurrences in a particular literary tradition.
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Stuttering
Stuttering, also known as stammering, is a speech disorder in which the flow of speech is disrupted by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words or phrases as well as involuntary silent pauses or blocks in which the person who stutters is unable to produce sounds. The term stuttering is most commonly associated with involuntary sound repetition, but it also encompasses the abnormal hesitation or pausing before speech, referred to by people who stutter as blocks, and the prolongation of certain sounds, usually vowels or semivowels. According to Watkins et al., stuttering is a disorder of "selection, initiation, and execution of motor sequences necessary for fluent speech production." For many people who stutter, repetition is the primary problem. The term "stuttering" covers a wide range of severity, encompassing barely perceptible impediments that are largely cosmetic to severe symptoms that effectively prevent oral communication. In the world, approximately four times as many men as women stutter, encompassing 70 million people worldwide, or about 1% of the world's population. The impact of stuttering on a person's functioning and emotional state can be severe. This may include fears of having to enunciate specific vowels or consonants, fears of being caught stuttering in social situations, self-imposed isolation, anxiety, stress, shame, being a possible target of bullying having to use word substitution and rearrange words in a sentence to hide stuttering, or a feeling of "loss of control" during speech. Stuttering is sometimes popularly seen as a symptom of anxiety, but there is actually no direct correlation in that direction (though as mentioned the inverse can be true, as social anxiety may actually develop in individuals as a result of their stuttering). Stuttering is generally not a problem with the physical production of speech sounds or putting thoughts into words. Acute nervousness and stress do not cause stuttering, but they can trigger stuttering in people who have the speech disorder, and living with a stigmatized disability can result in anxiety and high allostatic stress load (chronic nervousness and stress) that reduce the amount of acute stress necessary to trigger stuttering in any given person who stutters, exacerbating the problem in the manner of a positive feedback system; the name 'stuttered speech syndrome' has been proposed for this condition. Neither acute nor chronic stress, however, itself creates any predisposition to stuttering. The disorder is also variable, which means that in certain situations, such as talking on the telephone or in a large group, the stuttering might be more severe or less, depending on whether or not the stutterer is self-conscious about their stuttering. Stutterers often find that their stuttering fluctuates and that they have "good" days, "bad" days and "stutter-free" days. The times in which their stuttering fluctuates can be random. Although the exact etiology, or cause, of stuttering is unknown, both genetics and neurophysiology are thought to contribute. There are many treatments and speech therapy techniques available that may help decrease speech disfluency in some people who stutter to the point where an untrained ear cannot identify a problem; however, there is essentially no cure for the disorder at present. The severity of the person's stuttering would correspond to the amount of speech therapy needed to decrease disfluency. For severe stuttering, long-term therapy and hard work is required to decrease disfluency.
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Subliminal stimuli
Subliminal stimuli (the prefix sup- literally "below, or less than", while the prefix sub- literally "up to"), contrary to supraliminal stimuli or "above threshold", are any sensory stimuli below an individual's threshold for conscious perception.
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Susan Fiske
Susan Tufts Fiske (born August 19, 1952) is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology and Public Affairs in the Department of Psychology at Princeton University.
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Sympathy
Sympathy (from the Greek words syn "together" and pathos "feeling" which means "fellow-feeling") is the perception, understanding, and reaction to the distress or need of another life form.
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Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals.
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The Atlantic
The Atlantic is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher, founded in 1857 as The Atlantic Monthly in Boston, Massachusetts.
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The Journal of Social Psychology
The Journal of Social Psychology is a bimonthly academic journal covering social psychology published by Routledge, who acquired it from Heldref Publications in 2009.
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The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion (Протоколы сионских мудрецов) or The Protocols of the Meetings of the Learned Elders of Zion is an antisemitic fabricated text purporting to describe a Jewish plan for global domination.
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Theory
A theory is a contemplative and rational type of abstract or generalizing thinking, or the results of such thinking.
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Trait ascription bias
Trait ascription bias is the tendency for people to view themselves as relatively variable in terms of personality, behavior and mood while viewing others as much more predictable in their personal traits across different situations.
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Typography
Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and appealing when displayed.
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Undergraduate education
Undergraduate education is the post-secondary education previous to the postgraduate education.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Video game
A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.
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Walter Lippmann
Walter Lippmann (September 23, 1889 – December 14, 1974) was an American writer, reporter, and political commentator famous for being among the first to introduce the concept of Cold War, coining the term "stereotype" in the modern psychological meaning, and critiquing media and democracy in his newspaper column and several books, most notably his 1922 book Public Opinion.
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White Americans
White Americans are Americans who are descendants from any of the white racial groups of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, or in census statistics, those who self-report as white based on having majority-white ancestry.
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Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is the international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.
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William T. L. Cox
William Taylor Laimaka Cox is an assistant scientist in the department of psychology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
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Women are wonderful effect
The women-are-wonderful effect is the phenomenon found in psychological and sociological research which suggests that people associate more positive attributes with women compared to men.
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Yueh-Ting Lee
Dr.
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List of autostereotypes by nation, Negative Stereotypes, Negative stereotype, Sexual stereotype, Sexual stereotypes, Social stereotype, Stereotipos, Stereotype accuracy, Stereotyped, Stereotypes, Stereotypical, Stereotypically, Stereotyping, Steriotype, Steroetype, Steroetypical, Sterotyping, Welsh stereotype.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotype
