Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91)

A timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the era of the Cold War, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States. ^[1]

586 relations: Abdominal thrusts, Acoustic suspension, Acrylic paint, Active noise control, Adaptive equalizer, Aerosol, Aerosol paint, Airbag, Airfoil, Alan Kay, Ali Javan, Amusement park, Analog-to-digital converter, Anchor Bar, Andrew Kay, Ant colony, Ant robotics, Apgar score, Apollo Lunar Module, Apollo program, Armenian Americans, ARPANET, Art Ingels, Arthur Fry, Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Artificial heart, Artificial turf, Astrodome, At sign, AT&T, Atmosphere, Atomic clock, Atomic force microscopy, Augmentation Research Center, Baggage, Ballistic electron emission microscopy, Balloon catheter, Barcode, BASIC, Batch processing, Bell Labs, Bell X-1, Benjamin Eisenstadt, Bette Nesmith Graham, Bill Gore, Bill Lear, Bioactive glass, Biofeedback, Blind signature, Blue cheese dressing, ..., Bob Frankston, Bob Kahn, Bob Sproull, Bobcat Company, Boeing 747, Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker, Borazon, Bottom trawling, Bradford Parkinson, Bread clip, Breakaway rim, Brownie Wise, Bubble wrap, Buffalo wing, Bulletin board system, Buzz Aldrin, C (programming language), C. Kumar N. Patel, Cable television, Cable tie, Calculator, Calvin Quate, Capacitance, Carbon dioxide laser, Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, Carbonless copy paper, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Carl D. Keith, Carnival, Catalytic converter, CBBS, Central processing unit, Chainsaw, Chance Morgan, Chapman Stick, Charge-coupled device, Charles Ginsburg, Charles Goldfarb, Charles H. Henry, Charles H. Townes, Charles Molnar, Chemical laser, Chemical oxygen iodine laser, Child safety seat, Chimney starter, Christoph Gerber, Chuck Hull, Chuck Yeager, Cincinnati, Circumcision surgical procedure, Citizenship of the United States, Claude Beck, Claude Shannon, Clayton Jacobson II, Cold War, Combined oral contraceptive pill, Communications satellite, Compact disc, Compiler, Computer History Museum, Computer mouse, Confocal microscopy, Control-Alt-Delete, Cooler, Copyright Clause, Cordless telephone, Correction fluid, Couch, Crash test dummy, Crazy Eights, Credit card, Crosby–Kugler capsule, Crossed-field amplifier, Cryotron, Dan Bricklin, DARPA, David Bradley (engineer), David Chaum, David L. Mills, Defibrillation, Dennis Ritchie, Diaper, Digital camera, Digital micromirror device, Dodrill–GMR, Donald Bitzer, Doppler fetal monitor, Douglas Engelbart, Douglas H. Ring, Dow Chemical Company, Dudley Allen Buck, Dutch people, Dynamic random-access memory, Earl Tupper, Ed Lowe (businessman), Edgar Villchur, Edward J. Hoffman, Edward O. Thorp, Electret microphone, Electric potential, Electromagnetic lock, Electron beam ion trap, Electronic paper, Electronics, Email, Emmett Chapman, Enumerated powers (United States), Ethernet, Federal Aviation Administration, Federico Faggin, Filament tape, Firewall (computing), First to file and first to invent, Floppy disk, Floyd Paxton, Fluid power, Forest Dewey Dodrill, Formicarium, Forrest Parry, Fortran, Francis Rogallo, Frank Zamboni, Frisbee, Frozen carbonated drink, Fused filament fabrication, Fusor, Fuzzball router, FYI (U.S. TV network), Galaxy, Gamma camera, Gary Starkweather, Gas laser, Gene Dolgoff, George Ballas, George C. Pimentel, George Devol, George E. Smith, George H. Heilmeier, George Mueller (NASA), George Sweigert, George Washington, Geosynchronous satellite, Gerard K. O'Neill, Gerd Binnig, Gerry Thomas, Gertrude Rogallo, Gilhoolie, Gilmore Schjeldahl, Global Positioning System, Glucose meter, GM-NAA I/O, Gordon Gould, Gore-Tex, GPS navigation device, Grace Hopper, Graphical user interface, Gregory Goodwin Pincus, Hair spray, Hal Anger, Halligan bar, Hamming code, Hand dryer, Hard disk drive, Harmonic drive, Harold Rosen (electrical engineer), Henry Heimlich, Henry Opitek, Herbert Boyer, Hewlett-Packard, History of human-powered aircraft, History of United States patent law, Hobby, Holter monitor, HTML, Hubble Space Telescope, Hubert Schlafly, Hugh Bradner, Hyman G. Rickover, Hypertext, Hypertext Editing System, IBM 701, IBM 704, IBM Generalized Markup Language, Ice resurfacer, Industrial robot, Initial operating capability, Input/Output Control System, Insecticide, Integrated circuit, Intel 4004, Internet, Internet Protocol, Internet protocol suite, Irving Friedman, Ivan A. Getting, Ivan Sutherland, Jack Cover, Jack Kilby, Jack O'Neill (businessman), Jacob Rabinow, James Edward Maceo West, James Elam, James McLurkin, James Russell (inventor), Jaron Lanier, Jerry Saltzer, Jet injector, Joe Sutter, Joel S. Engel, John Backus, John Bardeen, John G. Kemeny, John Heysham Gibbon, John J. Mooney, John McCarthy (computer scientist), John Ousterhout, John R. Pierce, John Walson, Joseph Buford Cox, Joseph Engelberger, Joseph Owades, Joseph Shivers, Joseph Sobek, Joy Mangano, Kart racing, Kary Mullis, Kaypro, Kenbak-1, Kevlar, Kicktail, Killer application, Kodak, Larry Stevenson, Larry Wall, Laser, Laser diode, Laser printing, Laser turntable, Lawrence J. Fogel, LCD projector, Leaf blower, Lemelson Foundation, Lemelson–MIT Prize, Leon O. Chua, Leonard Bocour, Leonard Kleinrock, Light beer, Light-emitting diode, Lint remover, Liquid-crystal display, Lisp (programming language), List of African-American inventors and scientists, List of inventors, List of inventors killed by their own inventions, List of military inventions, List of prolific inventors, List of Puerto Ricans, List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program, Litter box, LORAN, Lowe Alpine, Lyman Spitzer, Magnetic particle clutch, Magnetic resonance imaging, Magnetic stripe card, Malden Mills, Marcian Hoff, Marion Donovan, Marker pen, Markup language, Martin Cooper (inventor), Marvin Minsky, Maser, Massachusetts General Court, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Memristor, Merle Robbins, Mick Jagger, Microprocessor, Microscope, Microwave oven, Microwave popcorn, Minicomputer, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Mobile phone, Model rocket, Moog synthesizer, Mop, Mousepad, Murray Jarvik, Nanoscopic scale, NASA spinoff technologies, National Fresh Water Fishing Hall of Fame, National Inventors Hall of Fame, National Science Foundation, Native American contributions, Neal E. Miller, Neil Armstrong, New York City Fire Department, Newman Darby, Nicholas McKay (inventor), Nick Holonyak, Nicotine patch, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Norman Abramson, Norman Holter, Norman Joseph Woodland, Norman Larsen, Nuclear submarine, Numerical weather prediction, Obsidian hydration dating, Omar Knedlik, Operating system, Optical disc, Optical mouse, Orville Carlisle, Outer space, Overhead projector, Owen Mock, Packet switching, Paint, Paintball, Party plan, Patent Act of 1790, Patent Act of 1836, Patent claim, Patent infringement, Patent office, Paul Baran, Paul C. Fisher, Paul Lauterbur, Paul MacCready, PDP-8, Penetrating oil, Perl, Permanent press, Personal computer, Personal water craft, Peter Mansfield, Peter Safar, Phil Katz, Philips, Philo Farnsworth, Phonograph, Phonograph record, Piezoelectricity, Planet, Plasma display, PLATO (computer system), Pointing stick, Polar fleece, Polyethylene, Polymerase chain reaction, Popcorn, Positron emission tomography, Post-it Note, Pressure-sensitive tape, Project Gemini, Quadruplex videotape, Quantum well laser, Racquetball, Radar gun, Radiocarbon dating, Ralph H. Baer, Ray Dolby, Ray Tomlinson, Raymond Damadian, Raytheon, Recombinant DNA, Resin identification code, Reynold B. Johnson, Richard Hamming, Richard Mattessich, Richard T. Whitcomb, Robert H. Dennard, Robert H. Wentorf Jr., Robert Jarvik, Robert Metcalfe, Robert Moog, Robert N. Hall, Robert W. Gore, Robert W. Lucky, Rogallo wing, Roger L. Easton, Ruth R. Benerito, S. Scott Crump, Sam Golden, Samuel Hopkins (inventor), Samuel W. Alderson, Samuel Winslow (patentee), Satellite, Satellite navigation, Scanning acoustic microscope, Science and technology in the United States, Sea turtle, Selective laser sintering, Sengstaken–Blakemore tube, Serving size, Sickness bag, Sidney Rosenthal, Skateboard, Skid-steer loader, Slide away bed, Slide projector, Smithsonian Institution, Snowboard, Snowboarding, Snowmaking, Snurfer, Sofa bed, Sony, Soviet Union, Space Shuttle, Space Shuttle Discovery, Space telescope, Spandex, Spencer Silver, Spoonplug, Spray painting, Spreadsheet, Sputnik 1, SQUID, SRI International, Stanley Mazor, Stanley Norman Cohen, Stealth aircraft, Stealth technology, Stellarator, Stephanie Kwolek, Stereolithography, Steven M. Bellovin, Steven Sasson, Stevie Wonder, Storage ring, String trimmer, Sugar packet, Sulfur lamp, Supercritical airfoil, Surfboard, Swarm robotics, Synthetic diamond, Taser, Tcl, Technological and industrial history of the United States, Ted Nelson, Ted Selker, Teleprompter, Term of patent in the United States, The Beatles, The Monkees, The New Yorker, Theodore Harold Maiman, Thermosonic bonding, Thomas & Betts, Thomas E. Kurtz, Thomas J. Fogarty, Thomas J. Kelly (aerospace engineer), Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr., Three-dimensional space, Tim Berners-Lee, Timation, Timeline of United States discoveries, Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945), Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991), Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890), Titanium dioxide, Title 35 of the United States Code, Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope, Tracy Hall, Transistor, Transit (satellite), Transmission Control Protocol, Tupperware, Turtle excluder device, TV dinner, TYPSET and RUNOFF, United States Congress, United States Department of Defense, United States Patent and Trademark Office, United States patent law, Universal joint, Universal Product Code, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Nottingham, Uno (card game), Uruguay Round Agreements Act, USS Nautilus (SSN-571), Vibrating-sample magnetometer, Video game, Video game console, Video projector, Videotape, Vint Cerf, Virginia Apgar, Virtual reality, VisiCalc, Voicemail, W. Rae Young, Walter Frederick Morrison, Walter Houser Brattain, Walton Musser, Ward Christensen, WarnerMedia, WD-40, Wearable computer, Weather satellite, Well counter, Wesley A. Clark, Wetsuit, Wheel clamp, Wide-body aircraft, Wiffle ball, Willard Boyle, Willard Libby, William C. Brown, William Cheswick, William Higinbotham, William Holmes Crosby Jr., William R. Bennett Jr., William Shockley, Windsurfing, Wingtip device, Winter Olympic Games, Wire bonding, Wireless LAN, World Wide Web, Writing in space, Yankee ingenuity, Zip (file format), Zipper, Zipper (ride), Zipper storage bag, 8-track tape. Expand index (536 more) » « Shrink index

Abdominal thrusts

Abdominal thrusts (also called the Heimlich maneuver or Heimlich manoeuvre) is a first aid procedure used to treat upper airway obstructions (or choking) by foreign objects.

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Acoustic suspension

Acoustic suspension (air suspension or sealed box) is a type of loudspeaker speaker enclosure design which uses one or more loudspeaker drivers mounted in a sealed box or cabinet.

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Acrylic paint

Acrylic paint is a fast-drying paint made of pigment suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion.

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Active noise control

Active noise control (ANC), also known as noise cancellation, or active noise reduction (ANR), is a method for reducing unwanted sound by the addition of a second sound specifically designed to cancel the first.

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Adaptive equalizer

An adaptive equalizer is an equalizer that automatically adapts to time-varying properties of the communication channel.

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Aerosol

An aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets, in air or another gas.

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Aerosol paint

Aerosol paint (also called spray paint) is a type of paint that comes in a sealed pressurized container and is released in an aerosol spray when depressing a valve button.

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Airbag

An airbag is a type of vehicle safety device and is an occupant restraint system.

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Airfoil

An airfoil (American English) or aerofoil (British English) is the shape of a wing, blade (of a propeller, rotor, or turbine), or sail (as seen in cross-section).

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Alan Kay

Alan Curtis Kay (born May 17, 1940 published by the Association for Computing Machinery 2012) is an American computer scientist.

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Ali Javan

Ali Javan (Ali Javān; December 26, 1926 – September 12, 2016) was an Iranian-American physicist and inventor.

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Amusement park

An amusement park is a park that features various attractions, such as rides and games, as well as other events for entertainment purposes.

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Analog-to-digital converter

In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A-to-D) is a system that converts an analog signal, such as a sound picked up by a microphone or light entering a digital camera, into a digital signal.

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Anchor Bar

The Anchor Bar is a bar and restaurant in Buffalo, New York, located north of Downtown Buffalo at the intersection of Main and North Streets.

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Andrew Kay

Andrew F. Kay (January 22, 1919 – August 28, 2014) was a businessman and innovator.

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Ant colony

An ant colony is the basic unit around which ants organize their lifecycle.

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Ant robotics

Ant robotics is a special case of swarm robotics.

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Apgar score

Apgar score is a method to quickly summarize the health of newborn children against infant mortality.

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Apollo Lunar Module

The Lunar Module (LM, pronounced "Lem"), originally designated the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM), was the lander portion of the Apollo spacecraft built for the US Apollo program by Grumman Aircraft to carry a crew of two from lunar orbit to the surface and back.

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Apollo program

The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.

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Armenian Americans

Armenian Americans (ամերիկահայեր, amerikahayer) are citizens or residents of the United States who have total or partial Armenian ancestry.

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ARPANET

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was an early packet switching network and the first network to implement the protocol suite TCP/IP.

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Art Ingels

Art Ingels (sometimes misspelled as Ingles) is known as 'the father of karting'.

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Arthur Fry

Arthur Fry (born 19 August 1931) is a retired American inventor and scientist.

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Arthur Leonard Schawlow

Arthur Leonard Schawlow (May 5, 1921 – April 28, 1999) was an American physicist and co-inventor of the laser with Charles Townes.

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Artificial heart

An artificial heart is a device that replaces the heart.

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Artificial turf

Artificial turf is a surface of synthetic fibers made to look like natural grass.

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Astrodome

The NRG Astrodome, also known as the Houston Astrodome or simply the Astrodome, is the world's first multi-purpose, domed sports stadium, located in Houston, Texas.

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At sign

The at sign, @, is normally read aloud as "at"; it is also commonly called the at symbol or commercial at.

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AT&T

AT&T Inc. is an American multinational conglomerate holding company headquartered at Whitacre Tower in Downtown Dallas, Texas.

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Atmosphere

An atmosphere is a layer or a set of layers of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body.

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Atomic clock

An atomic clock is a clock device that uses an electron transition frequency in the microwave, optical, or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum of atoms as a frequency standard for its timekeeping element.

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Atomic force microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) or scanning force microscopy (SFM) is a very-high-resolution type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), with demonstrated resolution on the order of fractions of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than the optical diffraction limit.

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Augmentation Research Center

SRI International's Augmentation Research Center (ARC) was founded in the 1960s by electrical engineer Douglas Engelbart to develop and experiment with new tools and techniques for collaboration and information processing.

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Baggage

Baggage or luggage consists of bags, cases, and containers which hold a traveller's articles while the traveler is in transit.

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Ballistic electron emission microscopy

Ballistic electron emission microscopy or BEEM is a technique for studying ballistic electron transport through a variety of materials and material interfaces.

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Balloon catheter

A balloon catheter is a type of "soft" catheter with an inflatable "balloon" at its tip which is used during a catheterization procedure to enlarge a narrow opening or passage within the body.

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Barcode

A barcode (also bar code) is an optical, machine-readable, representation of data; the data usually describes something about the object that carries the barcode.

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BASIC

BASIC (an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages whose design philosophy emphasizes ease of use.

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Batch processing

In computing, batch processing refers to a computer working through a queue or batch of separate jobs (programs) without manual intervention (non-interactive).

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Bell Labs

Nokia Bell Labs (formerly named AT&T Bell Laboratories, Bell Telephone Laboratories and Bell Labs) is an American research and scientific development company, owned by Finnish company Nokia.

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Bell X-1

The Bell X-1 was a rocket engine–powered aircraft, designated originally as the XS-1, and was a joint National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics–U.S. Army Air Forces–U.S. Air Force supersonic research project built by Bell Aircraft.

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Benjamin Eisenstadt

Benjamin Eisenstadt (December 7, 1906 – April 8, 1996) was the designer of the modern sugar packet and developer of Sweet'N Low.

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Bette Nesmith Graham

Bette Nesmith Graham (March 23, 1924 – May 12, 1980) was an American typist, commercial artist, and the inventor of Liquid Paper.

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Bill Gore

Wilbert Lee "Bill" Gore (January 25, 1912 – July 26, 1986) was an American businessman and entrepreneur who co-founded W. L. Gore and Associates with his wife, Genevieve (Vieve).

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Bill Lear

William Powell Lear (June 26, 1902 – May 14, 1978) was an American inventor and businessman.

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Bioactive glass

Bioactive glasses are a group of surface reactive glass-ceramic biomaterials and include the original bioactive glass, bioglass.

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Biofeedback

Biofeedback is the process of gaining greater awareness of many physiological functions primarily using instruments that provide information on the activity of those same systems, with a goal of being able to manipulate them at will.

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Blind signature

In cryptography a blind signature, as introduced by David Chaum, is a form of digital signature in which the content of a message is disguised (blinded) before it is signed.

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Blue cheese dressing

Blue cheese dressing is a popular salad dressing and dip in the United States.

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Bob Frankston

Robert M. Frankston (born June 14, 1949 in Brooklyn, New York) is the co-creator with Dan Bricklin of the VisiCalc spreadsheet program and the co-founder of Software Arts, the company that developed it.

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Bob Kahn

Robert Elliot Kahn (born December 23, 1938) is an American electrical engineer, who, along with Vint Cerf, invented the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), the fundamental communication protocols at the heart of the Internet.

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Bob Sproull

Robert Fletcher "Bob" Sproull (born c. 1945) is an American computer scientist, who worked for Oracle Corporation where he was director of Oracle Labs in Burlington, Massachusetts.

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Bobcat Company

Bobcat Company is an American-based manufacturer of farm and construction equipment, part of Doosan Group of South Korea.

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Boeing 747

The Boeing 747 is an American wide-body commercial jet airliner and cargo aircraft, often referred to by its original nickname, "Jumbo Jet".

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Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker

The Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker is a military aerial refueling aircraft.

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Borazon

Borazon is a brand name of a cubic form of boron nitride (cBN).

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Bottom trawling

Bottom trawling is trawling (towing a trawl, which is a fishing net) along the sea floor.

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Bradford Parkinson

Bradford Parkinson (February 16, 1935) is an American engineer and inventor, and United States Air Force colonel.

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Bread clip

A bread clip is a device used to hold plastic bags closed, such as the ones in which sliced bread is commonly packaged.

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Breakaway rim

A breakaway rim is a basketball rim that contains a hinge and a spring at the point where it attaches to the backboard so that it can bend downward when a player dunks a basketball, and then quickly snaps back into a horizontal position when the player releases it.

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Brownie Wise

Brownie Wise (May 25, 1913 – September 24, 1992) was a pioneering American saleswoman largely responsible for the success of Tupperware through her development of the "party plan" system of marketing.

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Bubble wrap

Bubble wrap is a pliable transparent plastic material used for packing fragile items.

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Buffalo wing

A Buffalo wing, in the cuisine of the United States, is an unbreaded chicken wing section (flat or drumette) that is generally deep-fried then coated in a sauce consisting of a vinegar-based cayenne pepper hot sauce and melted butter prior to serving.

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Bulletin board system

A bulletin board system or BBS (also called Computer Bulletin Board Service, CBBS) is a computer server running software that allows users to connect to the system using a terminal program.

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Buzz Aldrin

Buzz Aldrin (born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American engineer, former astronaut, and Command Pilot in the United States Air Force.

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C (programming language)

C (as in the letter ''c'') is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations.

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C. Kumar N. Patel

Chandra Kumar Naranbhai Patel (born 2 July 1938) is an electrical engineer.

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Cable television

Cable television is a system of delivering television programming to paying subscribers via radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted through coaxial cables, or in more recent systems, light pulses through fiber-optic cables.

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Cable tie

A cable tie (also known as a wire tie, hose tie, steggel tie, zap strap or zip tie, and by the brand names Ty-Rap and Panduit strap) is a type of fastener, for holding items together, primarily electrical cables or wires.

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Calculator

An electronic calculator is typically a portable electronic device used to perform calculations, ranging from basic arithmetic to complex mathematics.

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Calvin Quate

Calvin F. Quate HonFRMS was born on 7 December 1923 in Baker, Nevada.

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Capacitance

Capacitance is the ratio of the change in an electric charge in a system to the corresponding change in its electric potential.

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Carbon dioxide laser

The carbon dioxide laser (CO2 laser) was one of the earliest gas lasers to be developed.

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Carbon fiber reinforced polymer

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, carbon fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP or often simply carbon fiber, carbon composite or even carbon), is an extremely strong and light fiber-reinforced plastic which contains carbon fibers.

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Carbonless copy paper

Carbonless copy paper (CCP), non-carbon copy paper, or NCR paper (No Carbon Required, taken from the initials of its creator, National Cash Register) is a type of coated paper designed to transfer information written on the front onto sheets beneath.

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Cardiopulmonary bypass

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, maintaining the circulation of blood and the oxygen content of the patient's body.

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that combines chest compressions often with artificial ventilation in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest.

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Carl D. Keith

Carl Donald Keith (May 29, 1920 – November 9, 2008) was a chemist who was inventor of the three-way catalytic converter, which has played a dramatic role in reducing pollution from motor vehicles since their introduction in the mid-1970s.

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Carnival

Carnival (see other spellings and names) is a Western Christian and Greek Orthodox festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent.

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Catalytic converter

A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction (an oxidation and a reduction reaction).

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CBBS

CBBS (Computerized Bulletin Board System) was a computer program created by Ward Christensen to allow him and other computer hobbyists to exchange information between each another.

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Central processing unit

A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

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Chainsaw

A chainsaw is a portable, mechanical saw which cuts with a set of teeth attached to a rotating chain that runs along a guide bar.

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Chance Morgan

Chance Morgan Coasters, Inc. is a roller coaster and amusement ride manufacturer.

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Chapman Stick

The Chapman Stick is an electric musical instrument devised by Emmett Chapman in the early 1970s.

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Charge-coupled device

A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example conversion into a digital value.

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Charles Ginsburg

Charles Paulson Ginsburg (July 27, 1920 – April 9, 1992) was an engineer and the leader of a research team at Ampex which developed one of the first practical videotape recorders.

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Charles Goldfarb

Charles F. Goldfarb is known as the father of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) and grandfather of HTML and the World Wide Web.

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Charles H. Henry

Charles H. Henry (May 6, 1937 – September 16, 2016) was an American physicist.

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Charles H. Townes

Charles Hard Townes (July 28, 1915 – January 27, 2015) was an American physicist and inventor of the maser and laser.

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Charles Molnar

Charles Edwin Molnar (1935–1996) was a co-developer of one of the first minicomputers, the LINC (Laboratory Instrument Computer), while a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1962.

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Chemical laser

A chemical laser is a laser that obtains its energy from a chemical reaction.

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Chemical oxygen iodine laser

Chemical oxygen iodine laser, or COIL, is an infrared chemical laser.

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Child safety seat

A child safety seat (infant safety seat, child restraint system, child seat, baby seat, restraining car seat, car seat, etc.) is a seat designed specifically to protect children from injury or death during vehicle collisions.

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Chimney starter

A chimney starter, also called a charcoal chimney, is a device that is used to ignite either lump charcoal or charcoal briquettes.

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Christoph Gerber

Christoph Gerber is a titular professor at the Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland.

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Chuck Hull

Chuck Hull (Charles W. Hull; born May 12, 1939) is the co-founder, executive vice president and chief technology officer of 3D Systems.

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Chuck Yeager

Charles Elwood "Chuck" Yeager (born, 1923) is a former United States Air Force officer, flying ace, and record-setting test pilot.

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Cincinnati

No description.

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Circumcision surgical procedure

Circumcision surgical procedure in males involves either a conventional "cut and stitch" surgical procedure or use of a circumcision instrument or device.

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Citizenship of the United States

Citizenship of the United States is a status that entails specific rights, duties and benefits.

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Claude Beck

Claude Schaeffer Beck (November 8, 1894 – October 14, 1971) was a pioneer American cardiac surgeon, famous for innovating various cardiac surgery techniques, and performing the first defibrillation in 1947.

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Claude Shannon

Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001) was an American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer known as "the father of information theory".

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Clayton Jacobson II

Clayton Jacobson II (October 12, 1933) is a Norwegian American inventor credited with the inventing the jet ski.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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Combined oral contraceptive pill

The combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP), often referred to as the birth control pill or colloquially as "the pill", is a type of birth control that is designed to be taken orally by women.

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Communications satellite

A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunications signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth.

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Compact disc

Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format that was co-developed by Philips and Sony and released in 1982.

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Compiler

A compiler is computer software that transforms computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another programming language (the target language).

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Computer History Museum

The Computer History Museum (CHM) is a museum established in 1996 in Mountain View, California, US.

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Computer mouse

A computer mouse is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface.

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Confocal microscopy

Confocal microscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM), is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of using a spatial pinhole to block out-of-focus light in image formation.

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Control-Alt-Delete

Control-Alt-Delete (often abbreviated to Ctrl+Alt+Del, also known as the "three-finger salute" or "Security Keys") is a computer keyboard command on IBM PC compatible computers, invoked by pressing the Delete key while holding the Control and Alt keys:.

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Cooler

A cooler, portable ice chest, ice box, cool box, chilly bin (in New Zealand), or esky (Australia) is an insulated box used to keep food or drink cool.

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Copyright Clause

The Copyright Clause (also known as the Intellectual Property Clause, Copyright and Patent Clause, or the Progress Clause) describes an enumerated power listed in the United States Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 8).

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Cordless telephone

A cordless telephone or portable telephone is a telephone in which the handset is portable and communicates with the body of the phone by radio, instead of being attached by a cord.

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Correction fluid

A correction fluid or white-out is an opaque, usually white, fluid applied to paper to mask errors in text.

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Couch

A couch (British English, U.S. English), also known as a sofa or settee (Canadian English and British English), is a piece of furniture for seating two or three people in the form of a bench, with armrests, that is partially or entirely upholstered, and often fitted with springs and tailored cushions.

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Crash test dummy

A crash test dummy is a full-scale anthropomorphic test device (ATD) that simulates the dimensions, weight proportions and articulation of the human body, and is usually instrumented to record data about the dynamic behavior of the ATD in simulated vehicle impacts.

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Crazy Eights

Crazy Eights is a shedding-type card game for two to seven players.

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Credit card

A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts so paid plus the other agreed charges.

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Crosby–Kugler capsule

The Crosby–Kugler capsule, also called the Crosby capsule, is a device used for obtaining biopsies of small bowel mucosa, necessary for the diagnosis of various small bowel diseases.

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Crossed-field amplifier

A crossed-field amplifier (CFA) is a specialized vacuum tube, first introduced in the mid-1950s and frequently used as a microwave amplifier in very-high-power transmitters.

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Cryotron

The cryotron is a switch that operates using superconductivity.

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Dan Bricklin

Daniel Singer "Dan" Bricklin (born 16 July 1951), often referred to as “The Father of the Spreadsheet”, is the American co-creator, with Bob Frankston, of the VisiCalc spreadsheet program.

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DARPA

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military.

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David Bradley (engineer)

David J. Bradley (born 4 January 1949) is one of the twelve engineers who worked on the original IBM PC, developing the computer's ROM BIOS code.

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David Chaum

David Lee Chaum (born 1955) is an American computer scientist and cryptographer.

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David L. Mills

David L. Mills (born June 3, 1938) is an American computer engineer and Internet pioneer.

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Defibrillation

Defibrillation is a treatment for life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, specifically ventricular fibrillation (VF) and non-perfusing ventricular tachycardia (VT).

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Dennis Ritchie

Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (September 9, 1941 – October 12, 2011) was an American computer scientist.

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Diaper

A diaper (American English) or a nappy (Australian English and British English) is a type of underwear that allows the wearer to defecate or urinate without the use of a toilet, by absorbing or containing waste products to prevent soiling of outer clothing or the external environment.

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Digital camera

A digital camera or digicam is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory.

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Digital micromirror device

The digital micromirror device, or DMD, is a micro-opto-electromechanical system (MOEMS) that is the core of the trademarked DLP projection technology from Texas Instruments (TI).

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Dodrill–GMR

The Dodrill–GMR machine was the first operational mechanical heart successfully used while performing open heart surgery.

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Donald Bitzer

Donald L. Bitzer (born January 1, 1934) is an American electrical engineer and computer scientist.

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Doppler fetal monitor

A Doppler fetal monitor is a hand-held ultrasound transducer used to detect the fetal heartbeat for prenatal care.

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Douglas Engelbart

Douglas Carl Engelbart (January 30, 1925 – July 2, 2013) was an American engineer and inventor, and an early computer and Internet pioneer.

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Douglas H. Ring

Douglas H. Ring (March 28, 1907 in Montana – September 8, 2000 in Red Bank, New Jersey) was one of the Bell Labs engineers that invented the cell phone.

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Dow Chemical Company

The Dow Chemical Company, commonly referred to as Dow, is an American multinational chemical corporation headquartered in Midland, Michigan, United States, and the predecessor of the merged company DowDuPont.

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Dudley Allen Buck

Dr.

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Dutch people

The Dutch (Dutch), occasionally referred to as Netherlanders—a term that is cognate to the Dutch word for Dutch people, "Nederlanders"—are a Germanic ethnic group native to the Netherlands.

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Dynamic random-access memory

Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a separate tiny capacitor within an integrated circuit.

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Earl Tupper

Earl Silas Tupper (July 28, 1907 – October 5, 1983) was an American-born businessman and inventor, best known as the inventor of Tupperware, an airtight plastic container for storing food.

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Ed Lowe (businessman)

Edward 'Ed' Lowe (July 10, 1920 – October 4, 1995) was an American businessman and entrepreneur, noted for the invention of cat litter.

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Edgar Villchur

Edgar Marion Villchur (28 May 1917 – 17 October 2011) was an American inventor, educator, and writer widely known for his 1954 invention of the acoustic suspension loudspeaker which revolutionized the field of high-fidelity equipment.

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Edward J. Hoffman

Edward Joseph Hoffman (January 1, 1942 – July 1, 2004) helped invent the first human PET scanner, a commonly used whole-body scanning procedure for detecting diseases like cancer.

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Edward O. Thorp

Edward Oakley Thorp (born August 14, 1932) is an American mathematics professor, author, hedge fund manager, and blackjack player.

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Electret microphone

An electret microphone is a type of electrostatic capacitor-based microphone, which eliminates the need for a polarizing power supply by using a permanently charged material.

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Electric potential

An electric potential (also called the electric field potential, potential drop or the electrostatic potential) is the amount of work needed to move a unit positive charge from a reference point to a specific point inside the field without producing any acceleration.

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Electromagnetic lock

An electromagnetic lock, magnetic lock, or maglock is a locking device that consists an electromagnet and an armature plate.

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Electron beam ion trap

Electron beam ion trap (EBIT) is an electromagnetic bottle that produces and confines highly charged ions.

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Electronic paper

Electronic paper and e-paper are display devices that mimic the appearance of ordinary ink on paper.

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Electronics

Electronics is the discipline dealing with the development and application of devices and systems involving the flow of electrons in a vacuum, in gaseous media, and in semiconductors.

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Email

Electronic mail (email or e-mail) is a method of exchanging messages ("mail") between people using electronic devices.

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Emmett Chapman

Emmett Chapman (born September 28, 1936) is an American jazz musician best known as the inventor of the Chapman Stick and maker of the Chapman Stick family of instruments.

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Enumerated powers (United States)

The Enumerated powers (also called Expressed powers, Explicit powers or Delegated powers) of the United States Congress are listed in Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution.

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Ethernet

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN).

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Federal Aviation Administration

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of the United States is a national authority with powers to regulate all aspects of civil aviation.

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Federico Faggin

Federico Faggin (born 1 December 1941), is an Italian physicist, inventor and entrepreneur, widely known for designing the first commercial microprocessor.

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Filament tape

Filament tape or strapping tape is a pressure-sensitive tape used for several packaging functions such as closing corrugated fiberboard boxes, reinforcing packages, bundling items, pallet unitizing, etc.

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Firewall (computing)

In computing, a firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

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First to file and first to invent

First to file (FTF) and first to invent (FTI) are legal concepts that define who has the right to the grant of a patent for an invention.

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Floppy disk

A floppy disk, also called a floppy, diskette, or just disk, is a type of disk storage composed of a disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic enclosure lined with fabric that removes dust particles.

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Floyd Paxton

Floyd G. Paxton (March 7, 1918 – December 10, 1975) was a manufacturer of ballbearings during World War II, and later inventor of the bread clip, a notched plastic tag used for sealing bags of bread worldwide.

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Fluid power

Fluid power is the use of fluids under pressure to generate, control, and transmit power.

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Forest Dewey Dodrill

Forest Dewey Dodrill (January 26, 1902 – June 28, 1997) born in Webster Springs, West Virginia was a doctor at Harper University Hospital at Wayne State University in Michigan who performed the first successful open heart surgery using a mechanical pump.

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Formicarium

A formicarium or ant farm is a vivarium which is designed primarily for the study of ant colonies and how ants behave.

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Forrest Parry

Forrest Corry Parry (July 4, 1921 – December 31, 2005) was the IBM engineer who invented the Magnetic stripe card used for Credit cards and identification badges.

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Fortran

Fortran (formerly FORTRAN, derived from Formula Translation) is a general-purpose, compiled imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.

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Francis Rogallo

Francis Melvin Rogallo (January 27, 1912 – September 1, 2009) was an American aeronautical engineer inventor born in Sanger, California, U.S.; he is credited with the invention of the Rogallo wing, or "flexible wing", a precursor to the modern hang glider and paraglider.

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Frank Zamboni

Frank Joseph Zamboni, Jr. (January 16, 1901 – July 27, 1988) was an American inventor and engineer, whose most famous invention is the modern ice resurfacer, with his surname being registered as a trademark for these resurfacers.

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Frisbee

A frisbee (also called a flying disc or simply a disc) is a gliding toy or sporting item that is generally plastic and roughly in diameter with a lip, used recreationally and competitively for throwing and catching, for example, in flying disc games.

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Frozen carbonated drink

A frozen carbonated drink or frozen carbonated beverage (FCB) is a mixture of flavored sugar syrup, carbon dioxide, and water that is frozen by a custom machine creating a drink comprising a fine slush of suspended ice crystals, with liquid.

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Fused filament fabrication

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a 3D printing process that uses a continuous filament of a thermoplastic material.

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Fusor

A fusor is a device that uses an electric field to heat ions to conditions suitable for nuclear fusion.

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Fuzzball router

Fuzzball routers were the first modern routers on the Internet.

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FYI (U.S. TV network)

FYI (stylized as fyi) is an American digital cable and satellite channel that is owned by A&E Networks, a cable network joint venture between the Disney–ABC Television Group subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company and the Hearst Communications (each own 50%).

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Galaxy

A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter.

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Gamma camera

A gamma camera (γ-camera), also called a scintillation camera or Anger camera, is a device used to image gamma radiation emitting radioisotopes, a technique known as scintigraphy.

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Gary Starkweather

Gary Keith Starkweather (born January 9, 1938) is an American engineer and inventor most notable for the invention of the laser printer and color management.

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Gas laser

A gas laser is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light.

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Gene Dolgoff

Gene (Eugene) Dolgoff (born 1950) is the founder, CEO, and CTO of HOLOBEAM TECHNOLOGIES INC., which is developing new technologies for treating diseases and medical imaging.

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George Ballas

George Charles Ballas Sr. (June 28, 1925 – June 25, 2011) was an American entrepreneur.

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George C. Pimentel

George Claude Pimentel (May 2, 1922 – June 18, 1989) was the inventor of the chemical laser.

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George Devol

George Charles Devol Jr. (February 20, 1912 – August 11, 2011) was an American inventor known for developing Unimate, the first material handling robot employed in industrial production work.

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George E. Smith

George Elwood Smith (born May 10, 1930) is an American scientist, applied physicist, and co-inventor of the charge-coupled device (CCD).

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George H. Heilmeier

George Harry Heilmeier (May 22, 1936 – April 21, 2014) was an American engineer, manager, and a pioneering contributor to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), for which he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

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George Mueller (NASA)

George Edwin Mueller (July 16, 1918 – October 12, 2015), was an American electrical engineer who was an associate administrator at NASA who headed the Office of Manned Space Flight from September 1963 until December 1969.

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George Sweigert

George H. Sweigert (1920–1999) is widely credited as the first inventor to hold a patent for the invention of the cordless telephone.

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George Washington

George Washington (February 22, 1732 –, 1799), known as the "Father of His Country," was an American soldier and statesman who served from 1789 to 1797 as the first President of the United States.

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Geosynchronous satellite

A geosynchronous satellite is a satellite in geosynchronous orbit, with an orbital period the same as the Earth's rotation period.

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Gerard K. O'Neill

Gerard Kitchen O'Neill (February 6, 1927 – April 27, 1992) was an American physicist and space activist.

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Gerd Binnig

Gerd Binnig (born 20 July 1947) is a German physicist, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope.

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Gerry Thomas

Gerry Thomas (1922 – 2005) was a Canadian who moved to the US to become a salesman.

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Gertrude Rogallo

Gertrude S. Rogallo (January 13, 1914 – January 28, 2008) was one of the co-inventors of the flexible wing.

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Gilhoolie

The Gilhoolie is a kitchen appliance that opens jars and bottles.

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Gilmore Schjeldahl

Gilmore Tilmen Schjeldahl (June 1, 1912March 10, 2002) was an American businessman and inventor in plastics, adhesives and circuitry.

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Global Positioning System

The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Air Force.

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Glucose meter

A glucose meter is a medical device for determining the approximate concentration of glucose in the blood.

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GM-NAA I/O

The GM-NAA I/O input/output system of General Motors and North American Aviation was the first operating system for the IBM 704 computer.

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Gordon Gould

Gordon Gould (July 17, 1920 – September 16, 2005) was an American physicist who is widely, but not universally, credited with the invention of the laser (Others attribute the invention to Theodore Maiman).

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Gore-Tex

Gore-Tex is a waterproof, breathable fabric membrane and registered trademark of W. L. Gore and Associates.

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GPS navigation device

A GPS navigation device, GPS receiver, or simply GPS is a device that is capable of receiving information from GPS satellites and then to calculate the device's geographical position.

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Grace Hopper

Grace Brewster Murray Hopper (December 9, 1906 – January 1, 1992) was an American computer scientist and United States Navy rear admiral.

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Graphical user interface

The graphical user interface (GUI), is a type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, instead of text-based user interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.

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Gregory Goodwin Pincus

Dr.

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Hair spray

Hair spray (also hair lacquer or spritz) is a common cosmetic hairstyling product that is sprayed onto hair to protect against humidity and wind.

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Hal Anger

Hal Oscar Anger (May 20, 1920 – October 31, 2005) was an American electrical engineer and biophysicist at Donner Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, known for his invention of the gamma camera.

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Halligan bar

A Halligan bar (also called a Halligan tool or "hooligan bar" for its effect) is a forcible entry tool used by firefighters and law enforcement.

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Hamming code

In telecommunication, Hamming codes are a family of linear error-correcting codes.

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Hand dryer

Hand dryers are electric machines found in public bathrooms.

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Hard disk drive

A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk is an electromechanical data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material.

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Harmonic drive

Harmonic Drive is the brand name of strain wave gear trademarked by the Harmonic Drive company, and invented in 1957 by C.W. Musser.

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Harold Rosen (electrical engineer)

Harold A. Rosen (March 20, 1926 – January 30, 2017) was an American electrical engineer, known as "the father of the geostationary satellite", and "father of the communications satellite".

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Henry Heimlich

Henry Judah Heimlich (February 3, 1920 – December 17, 2016) was an American thoracic surgeon and medical researcher.

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Henry Opitek

Henry Opitek (January 6, 1911-March 1981) became the first patient to survive open heart surgery in 1952.

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Herbert Boyer

Herbert Wayne "Herb" Boyer (born July 10, 1936) is a researcher and entrepreneur in biotechnology.

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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History of human-powered aircraft

The history of human-powered aircraft (HPA) started in the early twentieth century.

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History of United States patent law

The history of United States patent law started even before the U.S. Constitution was adopted, with some state-specific patent laws.

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Hobby

A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.

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Holter monitor

In medicine, a Holter monitor (often simply Holter) is a type of ambulatory electrocardiography device, a portable device for cardiac monitoring (the monitoring of the electrical activity of the cardiovascular system) for at least 24 to 48 hours (often for two weeks at a time).

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HTML

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications.

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Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.

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Hubert Schlafly

Hubert Joseph "Hub" Schlafly Jr. (August 14, 1919 – April 20, 2011) was an American electrical engineer who co-invented the teleprompter.

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Hugh Bradner

Hugh Bradner (November 5, 1915 – May 5, 2008) was an American physicist at the University of California who is credited with inventing the neoprene wetsuit, which helped to revolutionize scuba diving.

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Hyman G. Rickover

Admiral Hyman G. Rickover (January 27, 1900 – July 8, 1986), U.S. Navy, directed the original development of naval nuclear propulsion and controlled its operations for three decades as director of Naval Reactors.

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Hypertext

Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access, or where text can be revealed progressively at multiple levels of detail (also called StretchText).

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Hypertext Editing System

The Hypertext Editing System, or HES, was an early hypertext research project conducted at Brown University in 1967 by Andries van Dam, Ted Nelson, and several Brown students.

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IBM 701

The IBM 701 Electronic Data Processing Machine, known as the Defense Calculator while in development, was IBM’s first commercial scientific computer, which was announced to the public on April 29, 1952.

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IBM 704

The IBM 704, introduced by IBM in 1954, is the first mass-produced computer with floating-point arithmetic hardware.

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IBM Generalized Markup Language

Generalized Markup Language (GML) is a set of macros that implement intent-based (procedural) markup tags for the IBM text formatter, SCRIPT.

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Ice resurfacer

An ice resurfacer is a vehicle or hand-pushed device used to clean and smooth the surface of a sheet of ice, usually in an ice rink.

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Industrial robot

An industrial robot is a robot system used for manufacturing.

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Initial operating capability

Initial operating capability or Initial operational capability (IOC) is the state achieved when a capability is available in its minimum usefully deployable form.

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Input/Output Control System

Input/Output Control System (IOCS) is any of several packages on early IBM entry-level and mainframe computers that provided low level access to records on peripheral equipment.

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Insecticide

Insecticides are substances used to kill insects.

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Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, normally silicon.

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Intel 4004

The Intel 4004 is a 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) released by Intel Corporation in 1971.

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Internet

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.

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Internet Protocol

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network boundaries.

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Internet protocol suite

The Internet protocol suite is the conceptual model and set of communications protocols used on the Internet and similar computer networks.

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Irving Friedman

Irving Friedman (January 12, 1920 – June 28, 2005) was a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientist and a pioneer in geochemistry.

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Ivan A. Getting

Ivan Alexander Getting (January 18, 1912 – October 11, 2003) was an American physicist and electrical engineer, credited (along with Roger L. Easton and Bradford Parkinson) with the development of the Global Positioning System (GPS).

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Ivan Sutherland

Ivan Edward Sutherland (born May 16, 1938) is an American computer scientist and Internet pioneer, widely regarded as the "father of computer graphics." His early work in computer graphics as well as his teaching with David C. Evans in that subject at the University of Utah in the 1970s was pioneering in the field.

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Jack Cover

John "Jack" Higson Cover Jr. (April 6, 1920 – February 7, 2009) was the inventor of the Taser stun gun.

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Jack Kilby

Jack St.

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Jack O'Neill (businessman)

Jack O'Neill (March 27, 1923 – June 2, 2017) was an American businessman, often credited with the invention of the wetsuit, and the founder of the O'Neill brand.

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Jacob Rabinow

Jacob Rabinow (January 8, 1910 – September 11, 1999) was an engineer and inventor.

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James Edward Maceo West

James Edward Maceo West (born February 10, 1931 in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia) is an African American inventor and acoustician.

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James Elam

James Otis Elam, (May 31, 1918 – July 10, 1995) was an American physician and respiratory researcher.

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James McLurkin

James McLurkin (born in 1972) is an engineering assistant professor at Rice University specializing in swarm robotics.

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James Russell (inventor)

James T. Russell (born 1931 in Bremerton, Washington) is an American inventor.

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Jaron Lanier

Jaron Zepel Lanier (born May 3, 1960) is an American computer philosophy writer, computer scientist, visual artist, and composer of classical music.

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Jerry Saltzer

Jerome Howard "Jerry" Saltzer (born October 9, 1939) is a computer scientist.

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Jet injector

A jet injector is a type of medical injecting syringe that uses a high-pressure narrow jet of the injection liquid instead of a hypodermic needle to penetrate the epidermis.

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Joe Sutter

Joseph Frederick "Joe" Sutter (March 21, 1921 – August 30, 2016) was an American engineer for the Boeing Airplane Company and manager of the design team for the Boeing 747 under Malcolm T. Stamper, the head of the 747 project.

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Joel S. Engel

Joel Stanley Engel (February 4, 1936) is an American engineer, known for fundamental contributions to the development of cellular network.

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John Backus

John Warner Backus (December 3, 1924 – March 17, 2007) was an American computer scientist.

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John Bardeen

John Bardeen (May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist and electrical engineer.

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John G. Kemeny

John George Kemeny; May 31, 1926 – December 26, 1992) was a Jewish-American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator best known for co-developing the BASIC programming language in 1964 with Thomas E. Kurtz. Kemeny served as the 13th President of Dartmouth College from 1970 to 1981 and pioneered the use of computers in college education. Kemeny chaired the presidential commission that investigated the Three Mile Island accident in 1979. According to György Marx he was one of The Martians.

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John Heysham Gibbon

John Heysham Gibbon Jr., AB, MD, (September 29, 1903 – February 5, 1973) was an American surgeon best known for inventing the heart–lung machine and performing subsequent open heart surgeries which revolutionized heart surgery in the twentieth century.

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John J. Mooney

John J. Mooney (born 1929) is an American chemical engineer who was co-inventor of the three-way catalytic converter, which has played a dramatic role in reducing pollution from motor vehicles since their introduction in the mid-1970s.

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John McCarthy (computer scientist)

John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 – October 24, 2011) was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist.

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John Ousterhout

John Kenneth Ousterhout (born October 15, 1954) is the chairman of Electric Cloud, Inc. and a professor of computer science at Stanford University.

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John R. Pierce

John Robinson Pierce (March 27, 1910 – April 2, 2002), was an American engineer and author.

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John Walson

John Walson Sr. (1915–1993), from Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania, is recognized by the U.S. Congress and the National Cable Television Association as having invented cable TV in the spring of 1948.

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Joseph Buford Cox

Joseph Buford Cox (1905 – August 10, 2002), was an American inventor and businessman.

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Joseph Engelberger

Joseph Frederick Engelberger (July 26, 1925 – December 1, 2015) was an American physicist, engineer and entrepreneur.

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Joseph Owades

Joseph Lawrence Owades (July 9, 1919 – December 16, 2005) was an American biochemist and brewer of light and industrially produced beer.

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Joseph Shivers

Joseph Clois Shivers, Jr. (November 29, 1920 – September 1, 2014) was an American textile chemist who was based in West Chester, Pennsylvania, best known for his role in the structural development of Spandex, a thermoplastic elastomer, in the 1950s, while employed at DuPont.

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Joseph Sobek

Joseph Sobek (April 5, 1918–March 27, 1998) was an American inventor who created racquetball.

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Joy Mangano

Joy Mangano (born February 1, 1956) Family search can be wrong ---> is an American inventor and entrepreneur known for inventions such as the self-wringing Miracle Mop.

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Kart racing

Kart racing or karting is a variant of open-wheel motorsport with small, open, four-wheeled vehicles called karts, go-karts, or gearbox/shifter karts depending on the design.

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Kary Mullis

Kary Banks Mullis (born December 28, 1944) is a Nobel Prize-winning American biochemist.

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Kaypro

Kaypro Corporation was an American home/personal computer manufacturer of the 1980s.

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Kenbak-1

The Kenbak-1 is considered by the Computer History Museum and the American Computer Museum to be the world's first "personal computer", invented by John V. Blankenbaker (1930-) of Kenbak Corporation in 1970, and first sold in early 1971.

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Kevlar

Kevlar is a heat-resistant and strong synthetic fiber, related to other aramids such as Nomex and Technora.

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Kicktail

Kicktails are the upwards bent tips of a skateboard deck, today considered vital to a skateboard.

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Killer application

In marketing terminology, a killer application (commonly shortened to killer app) is any computer program that is so necessary or desirable that it proves the core value of some larger technology, such as computer hardware, a gaming console, software, a programming language, a software platform, or an operating system.

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Kodak

The Eastman Kodak Company (referred to simply as Kodak) is an American technology company that produces imaging products with its historic basis on photography.

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Larry Stevenson

Richard Lawrence "Larry" Stevenson (December 22, 1930 – March 25, 2012) was the inventor of the kicktail, the bent-upwards end of a skateboard, which made most of today's skateboarding tricks possible and essentially revolutionized the sport.

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Larry Wall

Larry Wall (born September 27, 1954) is a computer programmer and author.

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Laser

A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.

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Laser diode

A laser diode, (LD), injection laser diode (ILD), or diode laser is a semiconductor device similar to a light-emitting diode in which the laser beam is created at the diode's junction.

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Laser printing

Laser printing is an electrostatic digital printing process.

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Laser turntable

A laser turntable (or optical turntable) is a phonograph that plays standard LP records (and other gramophone records) using laser beams as the pickup instead of using a stylus as in conventional turntables.

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Lawrence J. Fogel

Dr.

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LCD projector

An LCD projector is a type of video projector for displaying video, images or computer data on a screen or other flat surface.

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Leaf blower

A leaf blower (often referred to as simply a blower) is a gardening tool that propels air out of a nozzle to move debris such as leaves and grass cuttings.

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Lemelson Foundation

The Lemelson Foundation is a private 501(c)(3) philanthropy founded in 1993 by Jerome H. Lemelson and his wife Dorothy.

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Lemelson–MIT Prize

The Lemelson-MIT Program awards several prizes yearly to inventors in the United States.

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Leon O. Chua

Leon Ong Chua (born June 28, 1936) is an American electrical engineer and computer scientist.

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Leonard Bocour

Leonard Bocour (March 18, 1910 – September 6, 1993) was an American artist.

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Leonard Kleinrock

Leonard Kleinrock (born June 13, 1934) is an American computer scientist.

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Light beer

Light beer (invented in 1967 by American biochemist Joseph Owades) is a beer (usually a Pilsner) that is reduced in alcohol content or in calories compared to regular beers.

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Light-emitting diode

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source.

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Lint remover

A lint roller or lint remover is a roll of one-sided adhesive paper on a cardboard or plastic barrel that is mounted on a central spindle, with an attached handle.

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Liquid-crystal display

A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals.

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Lisp (programming language)

Lisp (historically, LISP) is a family of computer programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation.

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List of African-American inventors and scientists

This list of black inventors and scientists documents many of the African Americans who have invented a multitude of items or made discoveries in the course of their lives.

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List of inventors

This is a list of notable inventors.

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List of inventors killed by their own inventions

This is a list of inventors whose deaths were in some manner caused by or related to a product, process, procedure, or other innovation that they invented or designed.

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List of military inventions

A military invention is an invention that was first created by a military.

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List of prolific inventors

Thomas Alva Edison was widely known as the America's most prolific inventor, even after his death in 1931.

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List of Puerto Ricans

This is a list of notable people from Puerto Rico which includes people who were born in Puerto Rico (Borinquen), people who are of full or partial Puerto Rican background.

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List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program

This is a list of notable Puerto Rican scientists involved in the United States Space Program, also known as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and their contributions to said program.

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Litter box

A litter box, sometimes called a sandbox, litter tray, cat pan, litter pan, or catbox, is an indoor feces and urine collection box for cats (as well as rabbits, ferrets, micro pigs; small dogs, such as Beagles and Chihuahuas; and other pets that instinctively or through training will make use of such a repository) that are permitted free roam of a home but who cannot or do not always go outside to relieve themselves.

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LORAN

LORAN, short for long range navigation, was a hyperbolic radio navigation system developed in the United States during World War II.

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Lowe Alpine

Lowe Alpine is an outdoor equipment manufacturer and supplier that originated in Colorado and is now an international company.

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Lyman Spitzer

Lyman Strong Spitzer, Jr. (June 26, 1914 – March 31, 1997) was an American theoretical physicist, astronomer and mountaineer.

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Magnetic particle clutch

A magnetic particle clutch is a special type of electromagnetic clutch which does not use friction plates.

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Magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease.

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Magnetic stripe card

A magnetic stripe card is a type of card capable of storing data by modifying the magnetism of tiny iron-based magnetic particles on a band of magnetic material on the card.

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Malden Mills

Malden Mills Industries is the original manufacturer of Polartec polar fleece and manufactures other modern textiles.

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Marcian Hoff

Marcian Edward "Ted" Hoff Jr. (born October 28, 1937 in Rochester, New York) is one of the inventors of the microprocessor.

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Marion Donovan

Marion O'Brien Donovan (October 15, 1917 – November 4, 1998) was an American inventor and entrepreneur.

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Marker pen

A marker pen, fineliner, marking pen, felt-tip marker, felt-tip pen, flow marker, texta (in Australia), sketch pen (in India) or koki (in South Africa), is a pen which has its own ink-source and a tip made of porous, pressed fibers such as felt.

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Markup language

In computer text processing, a markup language is a system for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text.

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Martin Cooper (inventor)

Martin "Marty" Cooper (born December 26, 1928) is an American engineer.

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Marvin Minsky

Marvin Lee Minsky (August 9, 1927 – January 24, 2016) was an American cognitive scientist concerned largely with research of artificial intelligence (AI), co-founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's AI laboratory, and author of several texts concerning AI and philosophy.

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Maser

A maser (an acronym for "microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation") is a device that produces coherent electromagnetic waves through amplification by stimulated emission.

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Massachusetts General Court

The Massachusetts General Court (formally styled the General Court of Massachusetts) is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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Memristor

A memristor (a portmanteau of memory resistor) is a hypothetical non-linear passive two-terminal electrical component relating electric charge and magnetic flux linkage.

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Merle Robbins

Merle Robbins (c. 1912 – January 15, 1984) was the inventor of the card game UNO.

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Mick Jagger

Sir Michael Philip Jagger (born 26 July 1943), known professionally as Mick Jagger, is an English singer-songwriter, musician, composer and actor who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones.

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Microprocessor

A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.

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Microscope

A microscope (from the μικρός, mikrós, "small" and σκοπεῖν, skopeîn, "to look" or "see") is an instrument used to see objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.

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Microwave oven

A microwave oven (also commonly referred to as a microwave) is an electric oven that heats and cooks food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave frequency range.

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Microwave popcorn

Microwave popcorn is a convenience food consisting of unpopped popcorn in an enhanced, sealed paper bag intended to be heated in a microwave oven.

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Minicomputer

A minicomputer, or colloquially mini, is a class of smaller computers that was developed in the mid-1960s and sold for much less than mainframe and mid-size computers from IBM and its direct competitors.

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MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) is a research institute at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology formed by the 2003 merger of the Laboratory for Computer Science and the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.

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MIT Lincoln Laboratory

The MIT Lincoln Laboratory, located in Lexington, Massachusetts, is a United States Department of Defense research and development center chartered to apply advanced technology to problems of national security.

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Mobile phone

A mobile phone, known as a cell phone in North America, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area.

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Model rocket

A model rocket is a small rocket designed to reach low altitudes (e.g., for model) and be recovered by a variety of means.

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Moog synthesizer

Moog synthesizer (pronounced; often anglicized to, though Robert Moog preferred the former) may refer to any number of analog synthesizers designed by Robert Moog or manufactured by Moog Music, and is commonly used as a generic term for older-generation analog music synthesizers.

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Mop

A mop (such as a floor mop) is a mass or bundle of coarse strings or yarn, etc., or a piece of cloth, sponge, or other absorbent material, attached to a pole or stick.

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Mousepad

A mousepad is a surface for placing and moving a computer mouse.

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Murray Jarvik

Murray Elias Jarvik (June 1, 1923 – May 8, 2008) was an American psychopharmacologist and academic who was among the first scientists to study d-lysergic acid, the precursor to LSD, and later became the co-inventor of the nicotine patch.

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Nanoscopic scale

The nanoscopic scale (or nanoscale) usually refers to structures with a length scale applicable to nanotechnology, usually cited as 1–100 nanometers.

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NASA spinoff technologies

NASA spinoff technologies are commercial products and services which have been developed with the help of NASA, through research and development contracts, such as Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) or STTR awards, licensing of NASA patents, use of NASA facilities, technical assistance from NASA personnel, or data from NASA research.

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National Fresh Water Fishing Hall of Fame

The Fresh Water Fishing Hall of Fame is an American hall of fame in Hayward, Wisconsin, dedicated to promoting freshwater fishing.

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National Inventors Hall of Fame

The National Inventors Hall of Fame (NIHF) is an American not-for-profit organization which recognizes individual engineers and inventors who hold a U.S. patent of highly significant technology.

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National Science Foundation

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is a United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering.

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Native American contributions

This is an alphabetic list of achievements in science and technology made by Indigenous peoples of the Americas during the 13,500 years or more that they have inhabited the American continent.

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Neal E. Miller

Neal Elgar Miller (August 3, 1909 – March 23, 2002) was an American experimental psychologist.

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Neil Armstrong

Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who was the first person to walk on the Moon.

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New York City Fire Department

The New York City Fire Department, officially the Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY), is a department of the government of New York City that provides fire protection, technical rescue, primary response to biological, chemical, and radioactive hazards, and emergency medical services to the five boroughs of New York City.

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Newman Darby

Sidney Newman Darby Jr. (January 31, 1928 – December 3, 2016) was an American inventor best known as the inventor of the sailboard.

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Nicholas McKay (inventor)

Nicholas McKay, Sr. (December 8, 1920 - November 15, 2014) was an American inventor and entrepreneur.

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Nick Holonyak

Nick Holonyak Jr. (born November 3, 1928) is an American engineer and educator.

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Nicotine patch

A nicotine patch is a transdermal patch that releases nicotine into the body through the skin.

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Nobel Prize in Physics

The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics.

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Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin), administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the fields of life sciences and medicine.

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Norman Abramson

Norman Manuel Abramson (April 1, 1932) is an American Jewish engineer and computer scientist, most known for developing the ALOHAnet system for wireless computer communication.

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Norman Holter

Norman Jefferis "Jeff" Holter (February 1, 1914 – July 21, 1983) was an American biophysicist who invented the Holter monitor, a portable device for continuously monitoring the electrical activity of the heart for 24 hours or more.

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Norman Joseph Woodland

Norman Joseph Woodland (September 6, 1921 – December 9, 2012) was an American inventor, best known as one of the inventors of the barcode, for which he received a patent in October 1952.

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Norman Larsen

Norman Bernard Larsen (1923—1970) was an American industrial chemist.

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Nuclear submarine

A nuclear submarine is a submarine powered by a nuclear reactor.

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Numerical weather prediction

Numerical weather prediction (NWP) uses mathematical models of the atmosphere and oceans to predict the weather based on current weather conditions.

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Obsidian hydration dating

Obsidian hydration dating (OHD) is a geochemical method of determining age in either absolute or relative terms of an artifact made of obsidian.

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Omar Knedlik

Omar S. Knedlik (December 21, 1915 – March 14, 1989), was an American inventor and businessman.

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Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

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Optical disc

In computing and optical disc recording technologies, an optical disc (OD) is a flat, usually circular disc which encodes binary data (bits) in the form of pits (binary value of 0 or off, due to lack of reflection when read) and lands (binary value of 1 or on, due to a reflection when read) on a special material (often aluminium) on one of its flat surfaces.

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Optical mouse

An optical mouse is a computer mouse which uses a light source, typically a light-emitting diode (LED), and a light detector, such as an array of photodiodes, to detect movement relative to a surface.

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Orville Carlisle

Orville H. Carlisle (July 5, 1917 – August 1, 1988), a shoe salesman in Norfolk, Nebraska invented the hobby that would become known as model rocketry.

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Outer space

Outer space, or just space, is the expanse that exists beyond the Earth and between celestial bodies.

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Overhead projector

An overhead projector is a variant of slide projector that is used to display images to an audience.

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Owen Mock

Owen R. Mock was a computer software designer and programmer who pioneered computer operating systems in the 1950s.

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Packet switching

Packet switching is a method of grouping data which is transmitted over a digital network into packets which are made of a header and a payload.

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Paint

Paint is any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film.

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Paintball

Paintball is a competitive team shooting sport in which players eliminate opponents from play by hitting them with spherical dye-filled gelatin capsules ("paintballs") that break upon impact.

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Party plan

The party plan is a method of marketing products by hosting what is presented as a social event at which products will be offered for sale.

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Patent Act of 1790

The Patent Act of 1790 was the first patent statute passed by the federal government of the United States.

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Patent Act of 1836

The Patent Act of 1836 established a number of important changes in the United States patent system.

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Patent claim

In a patent or patent application, the claims define, in technical terms, the extent, i.e. the scope, of the protection conferred by a patent, or the protection sought in a patent application.

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Patent infringement

Patent infringement is the commission of a prohibited act with respect to a patented invention without permission from the patent holder.

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Patent office

A patent office is a governmental or intergovernmental organization which controls the issue of patents.

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Paul Baran

Paul Baran (April 29, 1926 – March 26, 2011) was a Polish-born Jewish American engineer who was a pioneer in the development of computer networks.

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Paul C. Fisher

Paul C. Fisher (October 10, 1913 – October 20, 2006) was an American inventor and politician.

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Paul Lauterbur

Paul Christian Lauterbur (May 6, 1929 – March 27, 2007) was an American chemist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2003 with Peter Mansfield for his work which made the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) possible.

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Paul MacCready

Paul B. MacCready Jr. (September 29, 1925 – August 28, 2007) was an American aeronautical engineer.

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PDP-8

The PDP-8 was a 12-bit minicomputer produced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).

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Penetrating oil

Penetrating oil, also known as penetrating fluid, is very low-viscosity oil.

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Perl

Perl is a family of two high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming languages, Perl 5 and Perl 6.

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Permanent press

A permanent press is a characteristic of fabric that has been chemically processed to resist wrinkles and hold its shape.

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Personal computer

A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.

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Personal water craft

A personal watercraft (PWC), also called water scooter, jetski, and comically a boatercycle, is a recreational watercraft that the rider sits or stands on, rather than inside of, as in a boat.

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Peter Mansfield

Sir Peter Mansfield FRS (9 October 1933 – 8 February 2017) was an English physicist who was awarded the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, shared with Paul Lauterbur, for discoveries concerning Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

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Peter Safar

Peter Safar (12 April 19242 August 2003) was an Austrian physician of Czech descent.

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Phil Katz

Phillip Walter Katz (November 3, 1962 – April 14, 2000) was a computer programmer best known as the co-creator of the Zip file format for data compression, and the author of PKZIP, a program for creating zip files that ran under DOS.

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Philips

Koninklijke Philips N.V. (Philips, stylized as PHILIPS) is a Dutch multinational technology company headquartered in Amsterdam currently focused in the area of healthcare.

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Philo Farnsworth

Philo Taylor Farnsworth (August 19, 1906 – March 11, 1971) was an American inventor and television pioneer.

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Phonograph

The phonograph is a device for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound.

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Phonograph record

A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English, or record) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.

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Piezoelectricity

Piezoelectricity is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials (such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA and various proteins) in response to applied mechanical stress.

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Planet

A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.

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Plasma display

A plasma display panel (PDP) is a type of flat panel display common to large TV displays or larger.

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PLATO (computer system)

PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operations) was the first generalized computer-assisted instruction system.

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Pointing stick

A pointing stick is an isometric joystick used as a pointing device, as with a touchpad or trackball, typically mounted in a computer keyboard.

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Polar fleece

Polar fleece is a soft napped insulating fabric made from polyester.

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Polyethylene

Polyethylene or polythene (abbreviated PE; IUPAC name polyethene or poly(ethylene)) is the most common plastic.

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Polymerase chain reaction

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a segment of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.

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Popcorn

Popcorn, popcorns, or pop-corn, is a variety of corn kernel, which expands and puffs up when heated.

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Positron emission tomography

Positron-emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine functional imaging technique that is used to observe metabolic processes in the body as an aid to the diagnosis of disease.

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Post-it Note

A Post-it Note (or sticky note) is a small piece of paper with a re-adherable strip of glue on its back, made for temporarily attaching notes to documents and other surfaces.

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Pressure-sensitive tape

Pressure-sensitive tape, known also in various countries as PSA tape, adhesive tape, self-stick tape, sticky tape, or just tape, is an adhesive tape that will stick with application of pressure, without the need for a solvent (such as water) or heat for activation.

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Project Gemini

Project Gemini was NASA's second human spaceflight program.

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Quadruplex videotape

2-inch quadruplex video tape (also called 2″ quad, or just quad, for short) was the first practical and commercially successful analog recording video tape format.

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Quantum well laser

A quantum well laser is a laser diode in which the active region of the device is so narrow that quantum confinement occurs.

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Racquetball

Racquetball is a racquet sport played with a hollow rubber ball in an indoor or outdoor court.

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Radar gun

A radar speed gun (also radar gun and speed gun) is a device used to measure the speed of moving objects.

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Radiocarbon dating

Radiocarbon dating (also referred to as carbon dating or carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon.

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Ralph H. Baer

Ralph Henry Baer (born Rudolf Heinrich Baer; March 8, 1922 – December 6, 2014) was a German-born American inventor, game developer, and engineer.

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Ray Dolby

Ray Milton Dolby (January 18, 1933 – September 12, 2013) was an American engineer and inventor of the noise reduction system known as Dolby NR.

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Ray Tomlinson

Raymond Samuel Tomlinson (April 23, 1941 – March 5, 2016) was a pioneering American computer programmer who implemented the first email program on the ARPANET system, the precursor to the Internet, in 1971; he is internationally known and credited as the inventor of email.

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Raymond Damadian

Raymond Vahan Damadian (born March 16, 1936) is an American physician, medical practitioner, and inventor of the first MR (Magnetic Resonance) Scanning Machine.

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Raytheon

The Raytheon Company is a major U.S. defense contractor and industrial corporation with core manufacturing concentrations in weapons and military and commercial electronics.

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Recombinant DNA

Recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecules are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination (such as molecular cloning) to bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be found in the genome.

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Resin identification code

The ASTM International Resin Identification Coding System, often abbreviated as the RIC, is a set of symbols appearing on plastic products that identify the plastic resin out of which the product is made.

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Reynold B. Johnson

Reynold B. Johnson (July 16, 1906September 15, 1998) was an American inventor and computer pioneer.

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Richard Hamming

Richard Wesley Hamming (February 11, 1915 – January 7, 1998) was an American mathematician whose work had many implications for computer engineering and telecommunications.

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Richard Mattessich

Richard Victor Alvarus Mattessich (born August 9, 1922 CV at sauder.ubc.ca. Accessed 07.02.2015) is an Austrian/Canadian business economist, and Emeritus Professor of Accounting at the University of British Columbia, known for introducing the concept of electronic spreadsheets into the field of business accounting in 1961, as well as pioneering analytical and philosophical methods in accounting.

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Richard T. Whitcomb

Richard Travis Whitcomb (February 21, 1921 – October 13, 2009) was an American aeronautical engineer who was noted for his contributions to the science of aerodynamics.

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Robert H. Dennard

Robert Dennard (born September 5, 1932) is an American electrical engineer and inventor.

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Robert H. Wentorf Jr.

Robert H. Wentorf Jr. (May 28, 1926 in West Bend, Wis. – April 3, 1997 in Easton, N.Y.) was a staff scientist at General Electric Corporate Research and Development Laboratory in Schenectady, N.Y. and a professor of chemical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, N.Y. Wentorf was a chemical engineer and physical chemist who specialized in the synthesis of diamond and other superhard materials under conditions of high temperature and pressure.

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Robert Jarvik

Robert Koffler Jarvik, M.D. (born May 11, 1946) is an American scientist, researcher, and entrepreneur known for his role in developing the Jarvik-7 artificial heart.

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Robert Metcalfe

Robert Melancton Metcalfe (born April 7, 1946) is an electrical engineer from the United States who co-invented Ethernet, founded 3Com and formulated Metcalfe's Law.

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Robert Moog

Robert Arthur Moog ("mogue"; May 23, 1934 – August 21, 2005), founder of Moog Music, was an American engineer and pioneer of electronic music, best known as the inventor of the Moog synthesizer.

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Robert N. Hall

Robert Noel Hall (December 25, 1919 – November 7, 2016) was an American engineer and applied physicist.

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Robert W. Gore

Robert W. "Bob" Gore (born April 15, 1937) is an American engineer and scientist, inventor and businessman.

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Robert W. Lucky

Robert Wendell Lucky (born January 9, 1936) is an electrical engineer, inventor, and research manager who worked at Bell Labs and Telcordia Technologies.

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Rogallo wing

The Rogallo wing is a flexible type of airfoil.

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Roger L. Easton

Roger Lee Easton, Sr. (April 30, 1921 – May 8, 2014) was an American scientist/physicist who was the principal inventor and designer of the Global Positioning System, along with Ivan A. Getting and Bradford Parkinson.

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Ruth R. Benerito

Ruth Mary Rogan Benerito (January 12, 1916 – October 5, 2013) was an American chemist and inventor known for her work related to the textile industry, notably including the development of wash-and-wear cotton fabrics.

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S. Scott Crump

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Sam Golden

Sam Golden (May 20, 1915 – March 11, 1997) started his paintmaking career in 1936 at Bocour Artist Colors with his uncle Leonard Bocour.

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Samuel Hopkins (inventor)

Samuel Hopkins (December 9, 1743 – 1818) was an American inventor from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, On July 31, 1790, he was granted the first U.S. patent, under the new U.S. patent statute just signed into law by President Washington on April 10, 1790.

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Samuel W. Alderson

Samuel W. Alderson (October 21, 1914 – February 11, 2005) was an inventor best known for his development of the crash test dummy, a device that, during the last half of the twentieth century, was widely used by automobile manufacturers to test the reliability of automobile seat belts and other safety protocols.

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Samuel Winslow (patentee)

In 1641, Samuel Winslow was granted the first patent in North America by the Massachusetts General Court for a new process for making salt.

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Satellite

In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit.

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Satellite navigation

A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system that uses satellites to provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning.

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Scanning acoustic microscope

A scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) is a device which uses focused sound to investigate, measure, or image an object (a process called scanning acoustic tomography).

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Science and technology in the United States

The United States of America came into being around the Age of Enlightenment (1685 to 1815), an era in Western philosophy in which writers and thinkers, rejecting the perceived superstitions of the past, instead chose to emphasize the intellectual, scientific and cultural life, centered upon the 18th century, in which reason was advocated as the primary source for legitimacy and authority.

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Sea turtle

Sea turtles (superfamily Chelonioidea), sometimes called marine turtles, are reptiles of the order Testudines.

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Selective laser sintering

Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing (AM) technique that uses a laser as the power source to sinter powdered material (typically nylon/polyamide), aiming the laser automatically at points in space defined by a 3D model, binding the material together to create a solid structure.

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Sengstaken–Blakemore tube

A Sengstaken–Blakemore tube is a medical device inserted through the nose or mouth and used occasionally in the management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to esophageal varices (distended and fragile veins in the esophageal wall, usually a result of cirrhosis).

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Serving size

A serving size or portion size is the amount of a food or drink that is generally served.

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Sickness bag

A sickness bag (also known as a sick sack, airsick bag, airsickness bag, emesis bag, sick bag, barf bag, vomit bag, disposal bag, waste bag or motion sickness bag) is a small bag commonly provided to passengers on board airplanes and boats to collect and contain vomit in the event of motion sickness.

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Sidney Rosenthal

Sidney Rosenthal (1907–1979), from Richmond Hill, New York, is credited with inventing what is now known as a Magic Marker in 1953.

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Skateboard

A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used primarily for the sport of skateboarding.

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Skid-steer loader

A skid loader, skid-steer loader, or skidsteer, is a small, rigid-frame, engine-powered machine with lift arms used to attach a wide variety of labor-saving tools or attachments.

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Slide away bed

A Slide away bed is a brand of sofa bed that slides to the wall to form a sofa.

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Slide projector

A slide projector is an opto-mechanical device for showing photographic slides.

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Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution, established on August 10, 1846 "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge," is a group of museums and research centers administered by the Government of the United States.

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Snowboard

Snowboards are boards where both feet are secured to the same board, which are wider than skis, with the ability to glide on snow.

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Snowboarding

Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.

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Snowmaking

Snowmaking is the production of snow by forcing water and pressurized air through a "snow gun," also known as a "snow cannon", on ski slopes.

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Snurfer

The Snurfer was the predecessor of the snowboard.

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Sofa bed

A sofa bed or sofa-bed, (in the US often sofabed, hide-a-bed, bed-couch, sleeper-sofa, or pullout sofa), is typically a sofa or couch which underneath its seating cushions hides a metal frame and thin mattress that can be unfolded or opened up to make a bed.

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Sony

is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Kōnan, Minato, Tokyo.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Space Shuttle

The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), as part of the Space Shuttle program.

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Space Shuttle Discovery

Space Shuttle Discovery (Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-103) is one of the orbiters from NASA's Space Shuttle program and the third of five fully operational orbiters to be built.

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Space telescope

A space telescope or space observatory is an instrument located in outer space to observe distant planets, galaxies and other astronomical objects.

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Spandex

Spandex, Lycra or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity.

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Spencer Silver

Spencer Ferguson Silver, an American chemist who worked together with Arthur Fry to invent the Post-it notes in 1974.

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Spoonplug

A spoonplug is a form of fishing lure used for deep water casting and trolling.

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Spray painting

Spray painting is a painting technique where a device sprays a coating (paint, ink, varnish, etc.) through the air onto a surface.

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Spreadsheet

A spreadsheet is an interactive computer application for organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form.

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Sputnik 1

Sputnik 1 (or; "Satellite-1", or "PS-1", Простейший Спутник-1 or Prosteyshiy Sputnik-1, "Elementary Satellite 1") was the first artificial Earth satellite.

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SQUID

A SQUID (for superconducting quantum interference device) is a very sensitive magnetometer used to measure extremely subtle magnetic fields, based on superconducting loops containing Josephson junctions.

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SRI International

SRI International (SRI) is an American nonprofit research institute headquartered in Menlo Park, California.

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Stanley Mazor

Stanley Mazor is an American microelectronics engineer who was born on 22 October 1941 in Chicago, Illinois.

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Stanley Norman Cohen

Stanley Norman Cohen (born February 17, 1935 in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, United States) is an American geneticist and the Kwoh-Ting Li Professor in the Stanford University School of Medicine.

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Stealth aircraft

Stealth aircraft are designed to avoid detection using a variety of technologies that reduce reflection/emission of radar, infrared, visible light, radio-frequency (RF) spectrum, and audio, collectively known as stealth technology.

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Stealth technology

Stealth technology also termed low observable technology (LO technology) is a sub-discipline of military tactics and passive electronic countermeasures, which cover a range of techniques used with personnel, aircraft, ships, submarines, missiles and satellites to make them less visible (ideally invisible) to radar, infrared, sonar and other detection methods.

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Stellarator

A stellarator is a device used to confine hot plasma with magnetic fields in order to sustain a controlled nuclear fusion reaction.

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Stephanie Kwolek

Stephanie Louise Kwolek (July 31, 1923 – June 18, 2014) was an American chemist of Polish heritage, whose career at the DuPont company spanned over 40 years.

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Stereolithography

Stereolithography (SLA or SL; also known as stereolithography apparatus, optical fabrication, photo-solidification, or resin printing) is a form of 3D printing technology used for creating models, prototypes, patterns, and production of parts in a layer by layer fashion using photopolymerization, a process by which light causes chains of molecules to link, forming polymers.

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Steven M. Bellovin

Steven M. Bellovin is a researcher on computer networking and security.

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Steven Sasson

Steven J. Sasson (born July 4, 1950) is an American electrical engineer and the inventor of the first self-contained (portable) digital camera.

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Stevie Wonder

Stevland Hardaway Morris (né Judkins; born May 13, 1950), known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist.

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Storage ring

A storage ring is a type of circular particle accelerator in which a continuous or pulsed particle beam may be kept circulating typically for many hours.

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String trimmer

A string trimmer, also called a "weed-whip", "whipper-snipper", "weed-whacker", a "weed eater", a "line trimmer" (in Australia) or a "strimmer" (in the UK and Ireland), is a tool which uses a flexible monofilament line instead of a blade for cutting grass and other plants near objects, or on steep or irregular terrain.

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Sugar packet

A sugar packet is a delivery method for one 'serving' of sugar.

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Sulfur lamp

The sulfur lamp (also sulphur lamp) is a highly efficient full-spectrum electrodeless lighting system whose light is generated by sulfur plasma that has been excited by microwave radiation.

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Supercritical airfoil

A supercritical airfoil is an airfoil designed, primarily, to delay the onset of wave drag in the transonic speed range.

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Surfboard

A surfboard is an elongated platform used in surfing.

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Swarm robotics

Swarm robotics is an approach to the coordination of multiple robots as a system which consist of large numbers of mostly simple physical robots.

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Synthetic diamond

A synthetic diamond (also known as an artificial diamond, cultured diamond, or cultivated diamond) is diamond produced in an artificial process, as opposed to natural diamonds, which are created by geological processes.

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Taser

A Taser is a brand of electroshock weapon sold by Axon.

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Tcl

Tcl (pronounced "tickle" or tee cee ell) is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language.

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Technological and industrial history of the United States

The technological and industrial history of the United States describes the United States' emergence as one of the most technologically advanced nations in the world.

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Ted Nelson

Theodor Holm "Ted" Nelson (born June 17, 1937) is an American pioneer of information technology, philosopher, and sociologist.

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Ted Selker

Edwin Joseph Selker, better known as Ted Selker, is an American computer scientist known for his user interface inventions.

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Teleprompter

A teleprompter is a display device that prompts the person speaking with an electronic visual text of a speech or script.

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Term of patent in the United States

In the United States, under current patent law, the term of patent, provided that maintenance fees are paid on time, is 20 years from the filing date of the earliest U.S. or international (PCT) application to which priority is claimed (excluding provisional applications).

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The Beatles

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.

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The Monkees

The Monkees were an American rock and pop band originally active between 1966 and 1971, with reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.

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The New Yorker

The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.

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Theodore Harold Maiman

Theodore Harold "Ted" Maiman (July 11, 1927 – May 5, 2007) was an American engineer and physicist who was widely, but not universally, credited with the invention of the laser (Others attribute the invention to Gordon Gould).

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Thermosonic bonding

Thermosonic bonding is widely used to wire bond silicon integrated circuits into computers.

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Thomas & Betts

Thomas & Betts is a designer and manufacturer of connectors and components for electrical and communication markets.

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Thomas E. Kurtz

Thomas Eugene Kurtz (born February 22, 1928) is a retired Dartmouth professor of mathematics and computer scientist, who along with his colleague John G. Kemeny set in motion the then revolutionary concept of making computers as freely available to college students as library books were, by implementing the concept of time-sharing at Dartmouth College.

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Thomas J. Fogarty

Dr.

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Thomas J. Kelly (aerospace engineer)

Thomas Joseph Kelly (June 14, 1929 – March 23, 2002) was an American aerospace engineer.

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Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr.

Thomas Toliver Goldsmith Jr. (January 9, 1910 – March 5, 2009) was an American television pioneer, the co-inventor of the first arcade game to use a cathode ray tube, and a professor of physics at Furman University.

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Three-dimensional space

Three-dimensional space (also: 3-space or, rarely, tri-dimensional space) is a geometric setting in which three values (called parameters) are required to determine the position of an element (i.e., point).

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Tim Berners-Lee

Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee (born 8 June 1955), also known as TimBL, is an English engineer and computer scientist, best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web.

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Timation

The Timation satellites were conceived, developed, and launched by the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. beginning in 1964.

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Timeline of United States discoveries

Timeline of United States discoveries encompasses the breakthroughs of human thought and knowledge of new scientific findings, phenomena, places, things, and what was previously unknown to exist.

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Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)

A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.

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Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991)

A timeline of United States inventions (after 1991) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Contemporary era to the present day, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.

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Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890)

A timeline of United States inventions (before 1890) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Colonial Period to the Gilded Age, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.

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Titanium dioxide

Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula.

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Title 35 of the United States Code

Title 35 of the United States Code is a title of United States Code regarding patent law.

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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope

A total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) is a type of microscope with which a thin region of a specimen, usually less than 200 nanometers can be observed.

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Tracy Hall

Howard Tracy Hall (October 20, 1919 – July 25, 2008) was an American physical chemist and the first person who grew a synthetic diamond by a reproducible, verifiable, and witnessed process, using a press of his own design.

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Transistor

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power.

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Transit (satellite)

The Transit system, also known as NAVSAT or NNSS (for Navy Navigation Satellite System), was the first satellite navigation system to be used operationally.

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Transmission Control Protocol

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite.

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Tupperware

Tupperware is a home products line that includes preparation, storage, and serving products for the kitchen and home.

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Turtle excluder device

A turtle excluder device or TED is a specialized device that allows a captured sea turtle to escape when caught in a fisherman's net.

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TV dinner

A TV dinner (also called prepackaged meal, ready-made meal, ready meal, frozen dinner, frozen meal and microwave meal) is a pre-packaged frozen or chilled meal that usually comes as an individual portion.

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TYPSET and RUNOFF

RUNOFF was the first computer text formatting program to see significant use.

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United States Congress

The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States.

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United States Department of Defense

The Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD, or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government of the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Patent and Trademark Office

The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is an agency in the U.S. Department of Commerce that issues patents to inventors and businesses for their inventions, and trademark registration for product and intellectual property identification.

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United States patent law

Under United States law, a patent is a right granted to the inventor of a (1) process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter, (2) that is new, useful, and non-obvious.

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Universal joint

A universal joint (universal coupling, U-joint, Cardan joint, Spicer or Hardy Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint) is a joint or coupling connecting rigid rods whose axes are inclined to each other, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion.

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Universal Product Code

The Universal Product Code (UPC) is a barcode symbology that is widely used in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, in Europe and other countries for tracking trade items in stores.

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University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign

The University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign (also known as U of I, Illinois, or colloquially as the University of Illinois or UIUC) is a public research university in the U.S. state of Illinois and the flagship institution of the University of Illinois System.

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University of Nottingham

The University of Nottingham is a public research university in Nottingham, United Kingdom.

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Uno (card game)

Uno (from Italian and Spanish for 'one') (stylized as UNO) is an American shedding-type card game that is played with a specially printed deck.

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Uruguay Round Agreements Act

The Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA) is an Act of Congress in the United States that implemented in U.S. law the Marrakesh Agreement of 1994.

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USS Nautilus (SSN-571)

USS Nautilus (SSN-571) was the world's first operational nuclear-powered submarine and the first submarine to complete a submerged transit of the North Pole on 3rd August 1958.

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Vibrating-sample magnetometer

A vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) is a scientific instrument that measures magnetic properties.

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Video game

A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.

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Video game console

A video game console is an electronic, digital or computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play.

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Video projector

A video projector is an image projector that receives a video signal and projects the corresponding image on a projection screen using a lens system.

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Videotape

Videotape is magnetic tape used for storing video and usually sound in addition.

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Vint Cerf

Vinton Gray Cerf ForMemRS, (born June 23, 1943) is an American Internet pioneer, who is recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", sharing this title with TCP/IP co-inventor Bob Kahn.

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Virginia Apgar

Virginia Apgar (June 7, 1909August 7, 1974) was an American obstetrical anesthesiologist, best known as the inventor of the Apgar score, a way to quickly assess the health of a newborn child immediately after birth.

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Virtual reality

Virtual reality (VR) is an interactive computer-generated experience taking place within a simulated environment, that incorporates mainly auditory and visual, but also other types of sensory feedback like haptic.

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VisiCalc

VisiCalc (for "visible calculator") was the first spreadsheet computer program for personal computers, originally released for the Apple II by VisiCorp.

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Voicemail

A voicemail system (also known as voice message or voice bank) is a computer-based system that allows users and subscribers to exchange personal voice messages; to select and deliver voice information; and to process transactions relating to individuals, organizations, products and services, using an ordinary telephone.

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W. Rae Young

William Rae Young, Jr. (October 30, 1915 – March 7, 2008) was one of the Bell Labs engineers that invented the cell phone.

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Walter Frederick Morrison

Walter Frederick "Fred" Morrison (January 16, 1920 in Richfield, Utah – February 9, 2010 in Monroe, Utah) was an American inventor and entrepreneur, best known as the inventor of the Frisbee.

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Walter Houser Brattain

Walter Houser Brattain (February 10, 1902 – October 13, 1987) was an American physicist at Bell Labs who, along with fellow scientists John Bardeen and William Shockley, invented the point-contact transistor in December 1947.

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Walton Musser

Clarence Walton Musser (1909, Lancaster, Pennsylvania – June 8, 1998) inventor of strain wave gearing and also credited with over 250 major inventions and discoveries.

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Ward Christensen

Ward Christensen (born 1945 in West Bend, Wisconsin, United States) is the co-founder of the CBBS bulletin board, the first bulletin board system (BBS) ever brought online.

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WarnerMedia

Warner Media, LLC (formerly Time Warner Inc.), doing business as WarnerMedia, is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered in New York City and owned by AT&T.

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WD-40

WD-40 is the trademark name of a penetrating oil and water-displacing spray.

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Wearable computer

Wearable computers, also known as wearables or body-borne computers, are small computing devices (nowadays usually electronic) that are worn under, with, or on top of clothing.

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Weather satellite

The weather satellite is a type of satellite that is primarily used to monitor the weather and climate of the Earth.

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Well counter

A well counter is a device used for measuring radioactivity in small samples.

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Wesley A. Clark

Wesley Allison Clark (April 10, 1927 – February 22, 2016) was an American physicist who is credited for designing the first modern personal computer.

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Wetsuit

A wetsuit is a garment, usually made of foamed neoprene, which is worn by surfers, divers, windsurfers, canoeists, and others engaged in water sports and other activities in or on water, providing thermal insulation, abrasion resistance and buoyancy.

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Wheel clamp

A wheel clamp, also known as wheel boot, parking boot, or Denver boot, is a device that is designed to prevent motor vehicles from being moved.

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Wide-body aircraft

A wide-body aircraft is a jet airliner with a fuselage wide enough to accommodate two passenger aisles, also known as twin-aisle aircraft, with seven or more seats abreast.

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Wiffle ball

Wiffle ball is a variation of the sport of baseball designed for indoor or outdoor play in confined areas.

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Willard Boyle

Willard Sterling Boyle, (August 19, 1924May 7, 2011) was a Canadian physicist, pioneer in the field of laser technology and co-inventor of the charge-coupled device.

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Willard Libby

Willard Frank Libby (December 17, 1908 – September 8, 1980) was an American physical chemist noted for his role in the 1949 development of radiocarbon dating, a process which revolutionized archaeology and palaeontology.

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William C. Brown

William C. Brown (May 22, 1916 – February 3, 1999) was an American electrical engineer who helped to invent the crossed-field amplifier in the 1950s and also pioneered microwave power transmission in the 1960s.

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William Cheswick

William R. "Bill" Cheswick (also known as "Ches") is a computer security and networking researcher.

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William Higinbotham

William Higinbotham (October 22, 1910 – November 10, 1994) was an American physicist.

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William Holmes Crosby Jr.

William Holmes Crosby (December 1, 1914 – January 15, 2005) is considered by many to be one of the founding fathers of modern hematology.

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William R. Bennett Jr.

William Ralph Bennett Jr. (January 30, 1930 – June 29, 2008) was an American physicist known for his pioneering work on gas lasers.

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William Shockley

William Bradford Shockley Jr. (February 13, 1910 – August 12, 1989) was an American physicist and inventor.

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Windsurfing

Windsurfing is a surface water sport that combines elements of surfing and sailing.

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Wingtip device

Wingtip devices are intended to improve the efficiency of fixed-wing aircraft by reducing drag.

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Winter Olympic Games

The Winter Olympic Games (Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international sporting event held once every four years for sports practised on snow and ice.

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Wire bonding

Wire bonding is the method of making interconnections (ATJ) between an integrated circuit (IC) or other semiconductor device and its packaging during semiconductor device fabrication.

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Wireless LAN

A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building.

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World Wide Web

The World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or the Web) is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and accessible via the Internet.

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Writing in space

Several instruments have been used to write in outer space, including different types of pencils and pens.

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Yankee ingenuity

Yankee ingenuity is a stereotype of inventiveness, technical solutions to practical problems, "know-how," self-reliance and individual enterprise associated with the Yankees, who originated in New England and developed much of the industrial revolution in the United States after 1800.

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Zip (file format)

ZIP is an archive file format that supports lossless data compression.

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Zipper

A zipper, zip, fly, or zip fastener, formerly known as a clasp locker, is a commonly used device for binding the edges of an opening of fabric or other flexible material, such as on a garment or a bag.

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Zipper (ride)

The Zipper is an amusement ride invented by Joseph Brown under Chance Rides in 1968.

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Zipper storage bag

A zipper storage bag, slider storage bag, or zippie is an inexpensive flexible rectangular storage bag, usually mainly transparent, made of polyethylene or similar plastic, which can be sealed and opened many times by a slider which works in a similar way to a zip fastener.

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8-track tape

The 8-track tape (formally Stereo 8; commonly known as the eight-track cartridge, eight-track tape, or simply eight-track) is a magnetic tape sound-recording technology that was popular in the United States from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s, when the Compact Cassette format took over.

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Redirects here:

Timeline of United States inventions (1946-1991), Timeline of United States inventions (1946-91), Timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991).

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions_(1946–91)

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