41st United States Congress

The Forty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. ^[1]

Aaron A. Sargent

Aaron Augustus Sargent (September 28, 1827 – August 14, 1887) was an American journalist, lawyer, politician and diplomat.

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Aaron Fletcher Stevens

Aaron Fletcher Stevens (August 9, 1819 – May 10, 1887) was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War and a two-term U.S. Congressman.

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Aaron H. Cragin

Aaron Harrison Cragin (February 3, 1821May 10, 1898) was an American politician and a United States Representative and Senator from New Hampshire.

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Abijah Gilbert

Abijah Gilbert (June 18, 1806November 23, 1881) was a United States Senator from Florida.

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Addison H. Laflin

Addison Henry Laflin (October 24, 1823 – September 24, 1878) was an American politician from New York.

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Adelbert Ames

Adelbert Ames (October 31, 1835 – April 13, 1933) was an American sailor, soldier, and politician who served with distinction as a Union Army general during the American Civil War.

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Adolphus H. Tanner

Adolphus Hitchcock Tanner (May 23, 1833 – January 14, 1882) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Ainsworth Rand Spofford (September 12, 1825 – August 11, 1908) was an American journalist and the sixth Librarian of Congress.

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Albert G. Burr

Albert George Burr (November 8, 1829 – June 10, 1882) was a United States Representative in Congress from the state of Illinois for two terms, the 40th and 41st Congresses (serving from March 4, 1867, until March 3, 1871).

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Alexander G. Cattell

Alexander Gilmore Cattell (February 12, 1816April 8, 1894) was a United States Senator from New Jersey.

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Alexander H. Bailey

Alexander Hamilton Bailey (August 14, 1817 – April 20, 1874) was an American politician, a United States Representative and judge from New York.

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Alexander H. Jones

Alexander Hamilton Jones (July 21, 1822 – January 29, 1901), was a Congressional Representative from North Carolina.

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Alexander McDonald (U.S. politician)

Alexander McDonald (April 10, 1832 – December 13, 1903) was a Republican politician who represented Arkansas in the United States Senate during the Reconstruction years from 1868 to 1871.

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Alexander Ramsey

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Alexander S. Wallace

Alexander Stuart Wallace (December 30, 1810 – June 27, 1893) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina.

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Alfred Eliab Buck

Alfred Eliab Buck (February 7, 1832 – December 4, 1902) was a U.S. Representative from Alabama.

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Allen Alexander Bradford

Allen Alexander Bradford (July 23, 1815 – March 12, 1888) was a Delegate from the Territory of Colorado.

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Allen G. Thurman

Allen Granberry Thurman (November 13, 1813 – December 12, 1895) was a Democratic Representative, Ohio Supreme Court justice, and Senator from Ohio.

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Amasa Cobb

Amasa Cobb (September 27, 1823 – July 5, 1905) was a Republican Wisconsin politician and an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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Anthony A.C. Rogers

Anthony Astley Cooper Rogers (February 14, 1821 – July 27, 1899) was an American politician.

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Architect of the Capitol

The Architect of the Capitol (AOC) is the federal agency responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, and preservation of the United States Capitol Complex, and also the head of that agency.

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Arthur I. Boreman

Arthur Inghram Boreman (July 24, 1823April 19, 1896) was an American lawyer and politician who helped found the U.S. state of West Virginia, and who served as its the first Governor, a United States Senator and a circuit judge.

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Austin Blair

Austin Blair (February 8, 1818 – August 6, 1894), also known as the Civil War Governor, was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.

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Benjamin Butler

Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 – January 11, 1893) was a major general of the Union Army, politician, lawyer and businessman from Massachusetts.

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Benjamin F. Hopkins

Benjamin Franklin Hopkins (April 22, 1829 – January 1, 1870) was a nineteenth-century politician, secretary and telegraph operator from Wisconsin.

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Benjamin F. Rice

Benjamin Franklin Rice (May 26, 1828 – January 19, 1905) was a Republican politician from Arkansas, among several states, who represented that state in the United States Senate during the Reconstruction years from 1868 to 1873.

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Benjamin Franklin Whittemore

Benjamin Franklin Whittemore (May 18, 1824 – January 25, 1894) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina.

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Benjamin T. Biggs

Benjamin Thomas Biggs (October 1, 1821 – December 25, 1893) was an American farmer and politician from Middletown in New Castle County, Delaware.

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Boyd Winchester

Boyd Winchester (September 23, 1836 – May 18, 1923) was a United States Representative from Kentucky.

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Burton C. Cook

Burton Chauncey Cook (May 11, 1819 – August 18, 1894) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

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Cadwallader C. Washburn

Cadwallader Colden Washburn (April 22, 1818May 14, 1882) was an American businessman, politician, and soldier who founded a mill that later became General Mills.

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Caleb Newbold Taylor

Caleb Newbold Taylor (July 27, 1813 – November 15, 1887) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Calvin Willard Gilfillan

Calvin Willard Gilfillan (February 20, 1832 – December 2, 1901) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Carl Schurz

Carl Christian Schurz (March 2, 1829 – May 14, 1906) was a German revolutionary and an American statesman, journalist, and reformer.

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Chairman of the House Republican Conference

This is a list of Republican Conference Chairmen of the United States House of Representatives.

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Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives

The Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives is one of the officers of the United States House of Representatives.

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Chaplain of the United States Senate

The Chaplain of the United States Senate opens each session of the United States Senate with a prayer, and provides and coordinates religious programs and pastoral care support for Senators, their staffs, and their families.

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Charles A. Eldredge

Charles Augustus Eldredge (February 27, 1820 – October 26, 1896) was a U.S. Representative from Wisconsin.

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Charles D. Drake

Charles Daniel Drake (April 11, 1811April 1, 1892) was a United States Senator from Missouri.

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Charles H. Holmes

Charles Horace Holmes (October 24, 1827 – October 2, 1874) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York.

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Charles H. Porter

Charles Howell Porter (June 21, 1833 – July 9, 1897) was a U.S. Representative from Virginia.

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Charles H. Prince

Charles Henry Prince (May 9, 1837 – April 3, 1912) was a U.S. Representative from Georgia.

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Charles Haight

Charles Haight (January 4, 1838, Colts Neck Township, New Jersey – August 1, 1891, Freehold, New Jersey) was a Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 2nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1867 to 1871.

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Charles Hays

Charles Hays (February 2, 1834 – June 24, 1879) was a U.S. Representative from Alabama.

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Charles Knapp (congressman)

Charles Knapp (October 8, 1797 – May 14, 1880) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Charles Memorial Hamilton

Charles Memorial Hamilton (November 1, 1840 – October 22, 1875) was a US Representative from Florida.

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Charles O'Neill (Pennsylvania politician)

Charles O'Neill (March 21, 1821 – November 25, 1893) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania during the American Civil War and Reconstruction.

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Charles Pomeroy

Charles Pomeroy (September 3, 1825 – February 11, 1891) was a one-term Republican U.S. Representative from Iowa's 6th congressional district.

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Charles Sumner

Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811 – March 11, 1874) was an American politician and United States Senator from Massachusetts.

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Charles Van Wyck

Charles Henry Van Wyck (May 10, 1824October 24, 1895) was a Representative from New York, a Senator from Nebraska, and a Union Army brigadier general in the American Civil War.

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Charles W. Willard

Charles Wesley Willard (June 18, 1827 – June 8, 1880) was an American politician, lawyer and newspaper editor.

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Charles Waldron Buckley

Charles Waldron Buckley (February 18, 1835 – December 4, 1906) was a U.S. Representative from Alabama.

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Chester Bidwell Darrall

Chester Bidwell Darrall (June 24, 1842January 1, 1908) was an American Republican Congressman from Louisiana during the latter half of the 19th Century.

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Christopher C. Bowen

Christopher Columbus Bowen (January 5, 1832 – June 23, 1880) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina.

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Clarkson Nott Potter

Clarkson Nott Potter (April 25, 1825 – January 23, 1882) was a New York attorney and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives.

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Classes of United States Senators

The three classes of United States Senators are made up of 33 or 34 Senate seats each.

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Clerk of the United States House of Representatives

The Clerk of the United States House of Representatives is an officer of the United States House of Representatives, whose primary duty is to act as the chief record-keeper for the House.

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Clinton L. Cobb

Clinton Levering Cobb (August 25, 1842 – April 30, 1879) was a U.S. Representative from North Carolina.

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Committee of the whole

A committee of the whole is a meeting of a deliberative assembly according to modified procedural rules based on those of a committee.

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Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives)

In the United States House of Representatives, a Committee of the Whole House is a congressional committee that includes all members of the House.

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Congressional Research Service

The Congressional Research Service (CRS), known as Congress's think tank, is a public policy research arm of the United States Congress.

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Congressional Research Service reports

Reports by the Congressional Research Service, usually referred to as CRS Reports, are the encyclopedic research reports written to clearly define issues in a legislative context.

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Conservative Party of Virginia

The Conservative Party of Virginia was a United States political party in the state of Virginia during the late 19th century.

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Cornelius Cole

Cornelius Cole (September 17, 1822 – November 3, 1924) was an American politician who served a single term in the United States House of Representatives as a Republican representing California from 1863 to 1865, and another term in the United States Senate from 1867 to 1873.

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Currency Act of 1870

The Currency Act of 1870 (41st Congress, Sess. 2, ch. 252,, enacted July 12, 1870) maintained greenbacks issued during the American Civil War at their existing level, about $356 million, neither contracting them nor issuing more.

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Daniel D. Pratt

Daniel Darwin Pratt (October 26, 1813 – June 17, 1877) was a United States Senator from Indiana.

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Daniel Johnson Morrell

Daniel Johnson Morrell (August 8, 1821 – August 20, 1885) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Daniel Myers Van Auken

Daniel Myers Van Auken (January 15, 1826 – November 7, 1908) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Daniel Sheldon Norton

Daniel Sheldon Norton (April 12, 1829July 13, 1870) was an American lawyer and politician who served in the Minnesota State Senate and as a U.S. Senator from Minnesota.

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Daniel T. Jewett

Daniel Tarbox Jewett (September 14, 1807October 7, 1906) was a United States Senator from Missouri in 1870 and 1871.

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Daniel W. Voorhees

Daniel Wolsey Voorhees (September 26, 1827April 10, 1897) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator from Indiana from 1877 to 1897.

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Darwin Phelps

Darwin Phelps (April 17, 1807 – December 14, 1879) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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David Atwood

David Atwood (December 15, 1815 – December 11, 1889) was a nineteenth-century politician, publisher, editor and printer from Wisconsin.

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David Heaton

David Heaton (March 10, 1823 – June 25, 1870) was an American attorney and politician, a US Representative from North Carolina.

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David Patterson Dyer

David Patterson Dyer (February 12, 1838 – April 29, 1924) was a United States federal judge and U.S. Representative from Missouri.

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David S. Bennett

David Smith Bennett (May 3, 1811 – November 6, 1894) was an American politician and a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Democratic Caucus Chairman of the United States House of Representatives

The following is a list of members of the U.S. House of Representatives who have served as chair of the House Democratic Caucus.

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Democratic Caucus of the United States Senate

The Democratic Caucus of the United States Senate (sometimes referred to as the Democratic Conference) is the formal organization of all senators who are part of the Democratic Party in the United States Senate.

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Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party (nicknamed the GOP for Grand Old Party).

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Dennis McCarthy (congressman)

Dennis McCarthy (March 19, 1814 – February 14, 1886) was an American manufacturer and politician from New York.

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Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives

An appointed officer of the United States House of Representatives from 1789 until 1995, the Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives was chosen by a resolution at the opening of each United States Congress.

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Ebon C. Ingersoll

Ebon Clark Ingersoll (December 12, 1831 – May 31, 1879) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois and the brother of the politician and orator Robert G. Ingersoll.

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Edmund G. Ross

Edmund Gibson Ross (December 7, 1826May 8, 1907) was a politician who represented Kansas after the American Civil War and was later governor of the New Mexico Territory.

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Edward Clark (architect)

Edward Clark (August 15, 1822 – January 6, 1902) was an American architect who served as Architect of the Capitol from 1865 to 1902.

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Edward Degener

Edward Degener (October 20, 1809 – September 11, 1890) was a German-born American politician.

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Edward F. Dickinson

Edward Fenwick Dickinson (January 21, 1829 – August 25, 1891) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio, the son of Rodolphus Dickinson.

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Edward McPherson

Edward McPherson (July 31, 1830 – December 14, 1895) |url.

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Eliakim H. Moore

Eliakim Hastings Moore (June 19, 1812 – April 4, 1900) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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Elihu B. Washburne

Elihu Benjamin Washburne (September 23, 1816 – October 23, 1887) was an American politician and diplomat.

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Enforcement Act of 1870

The Enforcement Act of 1869, also known as the Civil Rights Act of 1870 or First Ku Klux Klan Act, or Force Act was a United States federal law written to empower the President with the legal authority to enforce the first section of the Fifteenth Amendment throughout the United States.

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Erasmus D. Peck

Erasmus Darwin Peck (September 16, 1808 – December 25, 1876) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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Erastus Wells

Erastus Wells (December 2, 1823 – October 2, 1893) was a 19th-century politician and businessman from Missouri.

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Eugene Casserly

Eugene Casserly (November 13, 1820June 14, 1883) was an Irish-American journalist and lawyer.

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Eugene Hale

Eugene Hale (June 9, 1836October 27, 1918) was a Republican United States Senator from Maine.

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Eugene McLanahan Wilson

Eugene McLanahan Wilson (December 25, 1833 – April 10, 1890) was a lawyer and Democratic politician who served in various legal and political offices in Minnesota including as a member of Congress and as the fifth and seventh mayor of Minneapolis.

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Fernando C. Beaman

Fernando Cortez Beaman (June 28, 1814 – September 27, 1882) was a teacher, lawyer and politician from the U.S. state of Michigan during and after the American Civil War.

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Fernando Wood

Fernando Wood (June 14, 1812 – February 14, 1881) was an American politician of the Democratic Party and the 73rd and 75th mayor of New York City; he also served as a United States Representative (1841–1843, 1863–1865, and 1867–1881) and as Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means in both the 45th and 46th Congress (1877–1881).

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Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Fifteenth Amendment (Amendment XV) to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude".

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First Transcontinental Railroad

The First Transcontinental Railroad (also called the Great Transcontinental Railroad, known originally as the "Pacific Railroad" and later as the "Overland Route") was a continuous railroad line constructed between 1863 and 1869 that connected the existing eastern U.S. rail network at Omaha, Nebraska/Council Bluffs, Iowa with the Pacific coast at the Oakland Long Wharf on San Francisco Bay.

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Francis Edwin Shober

Francis Edwin Shober (March 12, 1831 – May 29, 1896) was a U.S. Representative from North Carolina, father of Francis Emanuel Shober.

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Francis Preston Blair Jr.

Francis Preston Blair Jr. (February 19, 1821July 8, 1875) was an American jurist, politician and soldier.

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Francis W. Palmer

Francis Wayland Palmer (October 11, 1827 – December 3, 1907) was a nineteenth-century politician, publisher, printer, editor and proprietor from New York, Iowa and Illinois.

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Frank Morey

Frank Morey (July 11, 1840 – September 22, 1890) was a soldier in the Union Army (1861-1865), reaching the rank of colonel; afterward he moved to Louisiana, where he became a planter and sold insurance.

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Frederick A. Sawyer

Frederick Adolphus Sawyer (December 12, 1822July 31, 1891) was a United States Senator from South Carolina.

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Frederick Stone

Frederick Stone (February 7, 1820 – October 17, 1899) was a U.S. Congressman from the fifth district of Maryland, serving two terms from 1867 to 1871.

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Funding Act of 1870

The Funding Act of 1870 (41st Congress, Sess. 2, ch. 256,, enacted July 14, 1870) was an Act of Congress to re-fund the national debt.

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Garrett Davis

Garrett Davis (September 10, 1801 – September 22, 1872) was a U.S. Senator and Representative from Kentucky.

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George Booker

George William Booker (December 5, 1821 – June 4, 1883) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer, teacher, judge and justice of the peace from Virginia.

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George C. McKee

George Colin McKee (October 2, 1837 – November 17, 1890) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi.

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George Congdon Gorham

George Congdon Gorham (July 5, 1832 – February 11, 1909) was a Republican California politician and newspaper editor.

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George E. Harris

George Emrick Harris (January 6, 1827 – March 19, 1911) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi.

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George E. Spencer

George Eliphaz Spencer (November 1, 1836February 19, 1893) was an American politician and a U.S. senator from the state of Alabama; who also served as an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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George F. Edmunds

George Franklin Edmunds (February 1, 1828February 27, 1919) was a Republican U.S. Senator from Vermont.

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George Frisbie Hoar

George Frisbie Hoar (August 29, 1826September 30, 1904) was a prominent American politician and United States Senator from Massachusetts.

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George Henry Williams

George Henry Williams (March 26, 1823April 4, 1910) was an American judge and politician.

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George M. Brooks

George Merrick Brooks (July 26, 1824 – September 22, 1893) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts.

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George Madison Adams

George Madison Adams (December 20, 1837 – April 6, 1920) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky, nephew of Green Adams.

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George S. Boutwell

George Sewall Boutwell (January 28, 1818 – February 27, 1905) was an American politician, lawyer, and statesman from Massachusetts.

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George Vickers

George Vickers (November 19, 1801October 8, 1879), a Democrat, was a United States Senator from Maryland, serving from 1868 to 1873.

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George W. Cowles

George Washington Cowles (December 6, 1823 – January 20, 1901) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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George W. McCrary

George Washington McCrary (August 29, 1835 – June 23, 1890) was a four-term Republican Congressman from Iowa's 1st congressional district, a United States Secretary of War in the cabinet of President Rutherford B. Hayes, and a federal circuit judge.

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George W. Morgan

George Washington Morgan (September 20, 1820 – July 26, 1893) was an American soldier, lawyer, politician, and diplomat.

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George W. Whitmore

George Washington Whitmore (August 26, 1824 – October 14, 1876) was a U.S. Representative from Texas.

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George Washington Julian

George Washington Julian (May 5, 1817 – July 7, 1899) was a politician, lawyer, and writer from Indiana who served in the United States House of Representatives during the 19th century.

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George Washington Woodward

George Washington Woodward (March 26, 1809 – May 10, 1875) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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George Woodward Greene

George Woodward Greene (July 4, 1831 – July 21, 1895) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia is a state in the Southeastern United States.

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Giles W. Hotchkiss

Giles Waldo Hotchkiss (October 25, 1815 – July 5, 1878) was a U.S. Representative from New York during the American Civil War.

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Ginery Twichell

Ginery Twichell (August 26, 1811 – July 23, 1883) was president of the Boston and Worcester Railroad in the 1860s, the Republican Representative for Massachusetts for three consecutive terms and the sixth president of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway.

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Glenni William Scofield

Glenni William Scofield (March 11, 1817 – August 30, 1891) was an American politician and judge who served as a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Godlove Stein Orth

Godlove Stein Orth (April 22, 1817 – December 16, 1882) was a United States Congressman from Indiana and acting-Lieutenant Governor of Indiana.

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Golden spike

The golden spike (also known as The Last Spike) is the ceremonial 17.6-karat gold final spike driven by Leland Stanford to join the rails of the First Transcontinental Railroad across the United States connecting the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory.

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Gustavus A. Finkelnburg

Gustavus Adolphus Finkelnburg (April 6, 1837 – May 18, 1908) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer and judge from Missouri.

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Halbert E. Paine

Halbert Eleazer Paine (February 4, 1826April 14, 1905) was a lawyer, politician, and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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Hamilton Ward Sr.

Hamilton Ward Sr. (July 3, 1829 in Salisbury, Herkimer County, New York – December 28, 1898 in Wellsville, Allegany County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.

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Hannibal Hamlin

Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809July 4, 1891) was an American attorney and politician from the state of Maine.

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Henry Augustus Reeves

Henry Augustus Reeves (December 7, 1832 – March 4, 1916) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Henry B. Anthony

Henry Bowen Anthony (April 1, 1815 – September 2, 1884) was a United States newspaperman and political figure.

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Henry Donnel Foster

Henry Donnel Foster (December 19, 1808 – October 16, 1880) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Henry H. Starkweather

Henry Howard Starkweather was born in Preston, Connecticut on April 29, 1826, and died on January 28, 1876 while serving in office as a member of the United States Congress.

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Henry L. Cake

Henry Lutz Cake (October 6, 1827 – August 26, 1899) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Henry L. Dawes

Henry Laurens Dawes (October 30, 1816February 5, 1903) was a Republican United States Senator and United States Representative, notable for the Dawes Act, intended to stimulate assimilation of Indians by ending tribal government and control of communal lands.

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Henry W. Barry

Henry W. Barry (April 1840 – June 7, 1875) was a Union army officer during the American Civil War, reaching the rank of Brevet Brigadier General.

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Henry W. Corbett

Henry Winslow Corbett (February 18, 1827March 31, 1903) was an American businessman, politician, civic benefactor, and philanthropist in the state of Oregon.

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Henry Warner Slocum

Henry Warner Slocum, Sr. (September 24, 1827 – April 14, 1894), was a Union general during the American Civil War and later served in the United States House of Representatives from New York.

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Henry Wilson

Henry Wilson (born Jeremiah Jones Colbath; February 16, 1812 – November 22, 1875) was the 18th Vice President of the United States (1873–75) and a Senator from Massachusetts (1855–73).

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Hervey C. Calkin

Hervey Chittenden Calkin (March 23, 1828 – April 20, 1913) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Hiram Rhodes Revels

Hiram Rhodes Revels (September 27, 1827Different sources list his birth year as either 1827 or 1822. – January 16, 1901) was a Republican U.S. Senator, minister in the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), and a college administrator.

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Homer V. M. Miller

Homer Virgil Milton Miller (April 29, 1814 – May 31, 1896) was an American physician and politician from the U.S. state of Georgia, who practiced medicine for the Confederacy in the American Civil War and served as a U.S. Senator from Georgia for seven days in 1871.

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Horace Maynard

Horace Maynard (August 30, 1814 – May 3, 1882) was an American educator, attorney, politician and diplomat active primarily in the second half of the 19th century.

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Horatio C. Burchard

Horatio Chapin Burchard (September 22, 1825 – May 14, 1908) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois, 15th Director of the United States Mint, member of the International Statistical Institute, and father of the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

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Independent Republican (United States)

Independent Republican is a term occasionally adopted by members of Congress in the United States to refer to their party affiliation.

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Isaac H. Duval

Isaac Harding Duval (September 1, 1824 – July 10, 1902) was an adventurer and businessman prior to becoming a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was a postbellum U.S. Representative from West Virginia in the 41st United States Congress.

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Isaac Roberts Hawkins

Isaac Roberts Hawkins (May 16, 1818 – August 12, 1880) was an American soldier, politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Tennessee's 7th congressional district.

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Israel G. Lash

Israel George Lash (August 18, 1810 – April 1, 1878) was a Congressional Representative from North Carolina; born in Bethania, North Carolina, August 18, 1810.

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J. Hale Sypher

Jacob Hale Sypher (June 22, 1837 – May 9, 1905) was an attorney and politician, elected as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives representing Louisiana.

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J. Proctor Knott

James Proctor Knott (August 29, 1830 – June 18, 1911) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky and served as the 29th Governor of Kentucky from 1883 to 1887.

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Jacob A. Ambler

Jacob A. Ambler (February 18, 1829 – September 22, 1906) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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Jacob Benton

Jacob Benton (August 19, 1814 – September 29, 1892) was an American politician, and a United States Representative from New Hampshire.

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Jacob Golladay

Jacob Shall Golladay (January 19, 1819 – May 20, 1887) was a 19th-century politician from Kentucky.

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Jacob Hart Ela

Jacob Hart Ela (July 18, 1820 – August 21, 1884) was an American politician and a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire.

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Jacob K. Shafer

Jacob K. Shafer (December 26, 1823 – November 22, 1876) was a Delegate from Idaho Territory.

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Jacob M. Howard

Jacob Merritt Howard (July 10, 1805April 2, 1871) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the state of Michigan during and after the American Civil War.

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James A. Garfield

James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1881, until his assassination later that year.

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James A. Johnson (California politician)

James Augustus Johnson (May 16, 1829 – May 11, 1896) was a U.S. Representative from California who went on to serve as the state's 14th Lieutenant Governor.

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James B. Beck

James Burnie Beck (February 13, 1822May 3, 1890) was a United States Representative and Senator from Kentucky.

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James B. Howell

James Bruen Howell (July 4, 1816 - June 17, 1880) was an American lawyer, newspaper editor, and politician.

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James Brooks (politician)

James Brooks (November 10, 1810 – April 30, 1873) was a U.S. Representative from New York during the latter half of the American Civil War.

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James Buffington (Fall River, Massachusetts)

James Buffington (March 16, 1817 – March 7, 1875) (also known as "Buffinton") was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.

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James G. Blaine

James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830January 27, 1893) was an American statesman and Republican politician who represented Maine in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1863 to 1876, serving as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1869 to 1875, and then in the United States Senate from 1876 to 1881.

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James H. Platt Jr.

James Henry Platt Jr. (July 13, 1837 – August 13, 1894) was an American physician, politician and businessman.

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James Harlan (senator)

James Harlan (August 26, 1820 – October 5, 1899) was an attorney and politician, a member of the United States Senate (1855–1865), (1867–1873) and a U.S. Cabinet Secretary at the United States Department of Interior (1865–1866) under President Andrew Johnson.

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James J. Winans

James January Winans (June 7, 1818 – April 28, 1879) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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James K. Gibson

James King Gibson (February 18, 1812 – March 30, 1879) was a nineteenth-century politician, merchant, sheriff and banker from Virginia.

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James Lawrence Getz

James Lawrence Getz (September 14, 1821 – December 25, 1891) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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James M. Cavanaugh

James Michael Cavanaugh (July 4, 1823 – October 30, 1879) was a U.S. Representative from Minnesota and a delegate from the Territory of Montana.

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James McGrew

James Clark McGrew (September 14, 1813 – September 18, 1910) was an American politician, merchant, banker and hospital director from Virginia and West Virginia.

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James Noble Tyner

James Noble Tyner (January 17, 1826 – December 5, 1904) was a lawyer, U.S. Representative and U.S. Postmaster-General from Indiana.

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James Robinson McCormick

James Robinson McCormick (August 1, 1824 – May 19, 1897) was a United States Representative from Missouri.

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James S. Negley

James Scott Negley (December 26, 1826 – August 7, 1901) was an American Civil War General, farmer, railroader, and U.S. Representative from the state of Pennsylvania.

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James W. Flanagan

James Winright Flanagan (September 5, 1805September 28, 1887) was an American merchant, lawyer, and farmer from Henderson, Texas.

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James W. Grimes

James Wilson Grimes (October 20, 1816February 7, 1872) was an American politician, serving as the third Governor of Iowa and a United States Senator from Iowa.

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James W. Nye

James Warren Nye (June 10, 1815 – December 25, 1876) was a United States Senator from Nevada.

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James W. Patterson

James Willis Patterson (July 2, 1823May 4, 1893) was an American politician and a United States Representative and Senator from New Hampshire.

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Jasper Packard

Jasper Packard (February 1, 1832 – December 13, 1899) was a U.S. Representative from Indiana.

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Jefferson F. Long

Jefferson Franklin Long (March 3, 1836 – February 4, 1901) was an American politician from Georgia.

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Jesse Hale Moore

Jesse Hale Moore (April 22, 1817 – July 11, 1883) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

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Job E. Stevenson

Job Evans Stevenson (February 10, 1832 – July 24, 1922) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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Joel Funk Asper

Joel Funk Asper (April 20, 1822 – October 1, 1872) was a U.S. Representative from Missouri.

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John A. Logan

John Alexander Logan (February 9, 1826 – December 26, 1886) was an American soldier and political leader.

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John A. Peters (1822–1904)

John Andrew Peters (October 9, 1822 – April 2, 1904) was a U.S. Congressman from Maine, and the uncle of John Andrew Peters.

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John Armstrong Smith

John Armstrong Smith (September 23, 1814 – March 7, 1892) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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John Ashley Griswold

John Ashley Griswold (November 18, 1822 – February 22, 1902) was an attorney, judge and politician from Catskill, New York.

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John B. Hawley

John Baldwin Hawley (February 9, 1831 – May 24, 1895) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

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John B. Hay

John Breese Hay (January 8, 1834 – June 29, 1916) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

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John Beatty (Ohio)

John Beatty (December 16, 1828 – December 4, 1914) was an American banker and statesman from Sandusky, Ohio.

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John Bingham

John Armor Bingham (January 21, 1815 – March 19, 1900) was an American Republican Representative from Ohio, an assistant to Judge Advocate General in the trial of the Abraham Lincoln assassination, and a prosecutor in the impeachment trials of Andrew Johnson.

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John Black Packer

John Black Packer (March 21, 1824 – July 7, 1891) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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John C. Churchill

John Charles Churchill (January 17, 1821 in Mooers, Clinton County, New York – June 4, 1905 in Oswego, Oswego County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

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John C. Conner

John Coggswell Conner (October 14, 1842 – December 10, 1873) was a U.S. Representative from Texas.

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John Cessna

John Cessna (June 29, 1821 – December 13, 1893) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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John Coburn (politician)

John Coburn (October 27, 1825 – January 28, 1908) was a United States Representative from Indiana and an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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John Covode

John Covode (March 17, 1808 – January 11, 1871) was a United States Congressman and abolitionist.

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John Dodson Stiles

John Dodson Stiles (January 15, 1822 – October 29, 1896) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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John F. Benjamin

John Forbes Benjamin (January 23, 1817 – March 8, 1877) was a U.S. Representative from Missouri.

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John F. Farnsworth

John Franklin Farnsworth (March 27, 1820 – July 14, 1897) was a seven-term U.S. Representative from Illinois and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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John F. Lewis

John Francis Lewis (March 1, 1818September 2, 1895) was an American planter and politician from Rockingham County, Virginia.

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John Fisher (American politician)

John Fisher (March 13, 1806 – March 28, 1882), iron founder, manufacturer, was a politician, both in Canada and the United States.

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John Fox (congressman)

John Fox (June 30, 1835 – January 17, 1914) was an American mechanic, merchant and politician from New York.

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John G. Schumaker

John Godfrey Schumaker (June 27, 1826, Claverack, New York – November 23, 1905, Brooklyn) was a United States Representative from New York.

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John George Butler

John George Butler (January 28, 1826 – August 3, 1909) was a prominent Lutheran clergyman who served as Chaplain of the Senate and as Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives.

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John H. Ketcham

John Henry Ketcham (December 21, 1832 – November 4, 1906) was a United States Representative from New York for over 33 years.

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John Hill (New Jersey politician)

John Hill (June 10, 1821 – July 24, 1884) was an American clerk, bookkeeper, merchant and Republican Party politician who represented from 1867 to 1873, and from 1881 to 1883.

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John Lynch (congressman)

John Lynch (February 18, 1825 – July 21, 1892) was a nineteenth-century politician, merchant, manufacturer and newspaper publisher from Maine.

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John M. Crebs

John Montgomery Crebs (April 9, 1830 – June 26, 1890) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois, as well as an officer and brigade commander in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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John Manning Jr.

John Manning Jr. (July 30, 1830 – February 12, 1899) was a North Carolina politician who briefly served in the United States House of Representatives in 1870 and 1871.

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John McConnell Rice

John McConnell Rice (February 19, 1831 – September 18, 1895) was a United States Representative from Kentucky.

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John Milton Thayer

John Milton Thayer (January 24, 1820March 19, 1906) was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War and a postbellum United States Senator from Nebraska.

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John Moffet (politician)

John Moffet (April 5, 1831 – June 19, 1884) was a Democratic member-elect of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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John Morrissey

John Morrissey (February 12, 1831 – May 1, 1878), also known as Old Smoke, was an Irish American bare-knuckle boxer and a professional gambler in New York City in the 1860s to 1878.

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John P. C. Shanks

John Peter Cleaver Shanks (June 17, 1826 – January 23, 1901) was a U.S. Representative from Indiana and an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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John P. Stockton

John Potter Stockton (August 2, 1826January 22, 1900) was a New Jersey politician who served in the United States Senate as a Democrat.

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John Philip Newman

John Philip Newman (1 September 1826 – 5 July 1899) was an American Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, elected in 1888.

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John Pool

John Pool (June 16, 1826August 16, 1884) was a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of North Carolina between 1868 and 1873.

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John R. French

John Robert French (May 28, 1819 – October 2, 1890) was an American publisher, editor and Republican politician.

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John Roberts Reading

John Roberts Reading (November 1, 1826 – February 14, 1886) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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John S. Harris

John Spafford Harris (December 18, 1825January 25, 1906) was an American politician for the state of Louisiana and member of the Republican Party.

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John Scott (Pennsylvania)

John Scott (July 24, 1824November 29, 1896) was an American lawyer and Republican party politician.

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John Sherman

John Sherman (May 10, 1823October 22, 1900) was a politician from the U.S. state of Ohio during the American Civil War and into the late nineteenth century.

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John T. Bird

John Taylor Bird (August 16, 1829, Bloomsbury, New Jersey – May 6, 1911, Trenton, New Jersey) was an American Democratic Party politician and businessman who represented New Jersey's 3rd congressional district from 1869 to 1873.

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John T. Deweese

John Thomas Deweese (June 4, 1835 – July 4, 1906) was a Congressional Representative from North Carolina.

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John Taffe

John Taffe (January 30, 1827 – March 14, 1884) was a Nebraska Republican politician.

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John Thomas Wilson

John Thomas Wilson (March 16, 1811 – October 6, 1891) was a soldier, attorney and U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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John W. Johnston

John Warfield Johnston (September 9, 1818February 27, 1889) was an American lawyer and politician from Abingdon, Virginia.

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John Witcher

John Seashoal Witcher (July 15, 1839 – July 8, 1906) was a Union Army lieutenant colonel and brevet colonel during the American Civil War.

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José Francisco Chaves

José Francisco Chaves (June 27, 1833 – November 26, 1904) was a nineteenth-century military leader, politician, lawyer and rancher from the New Mexico Territory.

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Joseph Benton Donley

Joseph Benton Donley (October 10, 1838 – January 23, 1917) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Joseph Carter Abbott

Joseph Carter Abbott (July 15, 1825October 8, 1881) was a Union Army colonel during the American Civil War who was awarded the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers and a Republican United States Senator from the state of North Carolina between 1868 and 1871.

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Joseph Dixon (North Carolina)

Joseph Dixon (April 9, 1828 – March 3, 1883) was a U.S. Representative from North Carolina for a brief period (1870–1871).

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Joseph Horace Lewis

Joseph Horace Lewis (October 29, 1824 – July 6, 1904) was an American lawyer, military leader and politician.

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Joseph L. Morphis

Joseph Lewis Morphis (April 17, 1831 – July 29, 1913) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi.

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Joseph P. Newsham

Joseph Parkinson Newsham (May 24, 1837 – October 22, 1919) was a 19th-century politician, lawyer, merchant and planter from Louisiana.

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Joseph Rainey

Joseph Hayne Rainey (June 21, 1832 – August 1, 1887) was an American politician.

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Joseph S. Fowler

Joseph Smith Fowler (August 31, 1820April 1, 1902) was a United States Senator from Tennessee from 1866 to 1871.

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Joseph Showalter Smith

Joseph Showalter Smith (June 20, 1824 – September 28, 1884) was a Representative from the U.S. state of Oregon.

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Joseph W. Clift

Joseph Wales Clift (September 30, 1837 – May 2, 1908) was a U.S. Representative from Georgia.

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Joshua Hill (politician)

Joshua Hill (January 10, 1812March 6, 1891) was an American politician who served as a United States Senator from the state of Georgia.

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Julius L. Strong

Julius Levi Strong (November 8, 1828 – September 7, 1872) was a U.S. Representative from Connecticut.

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Justin Smith Morrill

Justin Smith Morrill (April 14, 1810December 28, 1898) was a Representative (1855–1867) and a Senator (1867–1898) from Vermont, most widely remembered today for the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act that established federal funding for establishing many of the United States' public colleges and universities.

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Lawrence S. Trimble

Lawrence Strother Trimble (26 August 1825 – 9 August 1904) was a United States congressman from Kentucky, a Kentucky judge, and New Mexican politician and lawyer.

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Legrand W. Perce

Legrand (or Le Grand) Winfield Perce (June 19, 1836 – March 16, 1911) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi.

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Leonard Myers

Leonard Myers (November 13, 1827 – February 11, 1905) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania during the American Civil War and the early years of Reconstruction.

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Lewis McKenzie

Lewis McKenzie (October 7, 1810 – June 28, 1895) was a nineteenth-century politician, merchant and railroad president from Virginia.

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Lewis Tillman

Lewis Tillman (August 18, 1816 – May 3, 1886) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 4th congressional district of Tennessee.

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Liberal Republican Party (United States)

The Liberal Republican Party of the United States was an American political party that was organized in May 1872 to oppose the reelection of President Ulysses S. Grant and his Radical Republican supporters in the presidential election of 1872.

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Librarian of Congress

The Librarian of Congress is the head of the Library of Congress, appointed by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, for a term of ten years.

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Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States.

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Lionel Allen Sheldon

Lionel Allen Sheldon (August 30, 1828 – January 17, 1917) was a U.S. Representative from Louisiana.

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List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Kingdom

The United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (known formally in the United Kingdom as Ambassador of the United States to the Court of St James's) is the official representative of the President and the Government of the United States of America to the Queen and Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

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List of United States Representatives from Alabama

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Alabama.

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List of United States Representatives from Arkansas

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Arkansas.

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List of United States Representatives from California

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of California.

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List of United States Representatives from Connecticut

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Connecticut.

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List of United States Representatives from Delaware

This is a Complete list of members of the United States House of Representatives from Delaware.

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List of United States Representatives from Florida

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Florida.

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List of United States Representatives from Georgia

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Georgia.

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List of United States Representatives from Illinois

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Illinois.

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List of United States Representatives from Indiana

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Indiana.

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List of United States Representatives from Iowa

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Iowa.

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List of United States Representatives from Kansas

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Kansas.

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List of United States Representatives from Kentucky

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the commonwealth of Kentucky.

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List of United States Representatives from Louisiana

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Louisiana.

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List of United States Representatives from Maine

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Maine.

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List of United States Representatives from Maryland

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Maryland.

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List of United States Representatives from Massachusetts

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the commonwealth of Massachusetts.

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List of United States Representatives from Michigan

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Michigan.

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List of United States Representatives from Minnesota

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Minnesota.

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List of United States Representatives from Mississippi

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Mississippi.

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List of United States Representatives from Missouri

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Missouri.

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List of United States Representatives from Nebraska

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Nebraska.

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List of United States Representatives from Nevada

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Nevada.

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List of United States Representatives from New Hampshire

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of New Hampshire.

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List of United States Representatives from New Jersey

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of New Jersey.

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List of United States Representatives from New York

The following is a list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of New York.

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List of United States Representatives from North Carolina

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of North Carolina.

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List of United States Representatives from Ohio

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Ohio.

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List of United States Representatives from Oregon

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Oregon.

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List of United States Representatives from Pennsylvania

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

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List of United States Representatives from Rhode Island

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Rhode Island.

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List of United States Representatives from South Carolina

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of South Carolina.

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List of United States Representatives from Tennessee

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Tennessee.

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List of United States Representatives from Texas

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Texas.

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List of United States Representatives from Vermont

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Vermont.

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List of United States Representatives from Virginia

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the commonwealth of Virginia.

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List of United States Representatives from West Virginia

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of West Virginia.

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List of United States Representatives from Wisconsin

The following is an alphabetical list of members of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Wisconsin.

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List of United States Senators from Alabama

Alabama was admitted to the Union on December 14, 1819, and elects U.S. Senators to Class 2 and Class 3.

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List of United States Senators from Arkansas

Arkansas was admitted to the Union on June 15, 1836, and elects its senators to Class 2 and Class 3.

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List of United States Senators from California

California elects United States Senators to Class 1 and Class 3.

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List of United States Senators from Connecticut

This is a chronological listing of the United States Senators from Connecticut.

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List of United States Senators from Delaware

Below is a chronological listing of the United States Senators from Delaware.

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List of United States Senators from Florida

Florida was admitted to the Union on March 3, 1845, and elects its U.S. Senators to Class 1 and Class 3.

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List of United States Senators from Georgia

This is a chronological listing of the United States Senators from Georgia.

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List of United States Senators from Illinois

Illinois was admitted to the Union on December 3, 1818, and has been represented in the United States Senate by 47 senators.

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List of United States Senators from Indiana

Indiana was admitted to the Union on December 11, 1816.

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List of United States Senators from Iowa

Iowa was admitted to the Union on December 28, 1846 and elects United States Senators to Class 2 and Class 3.

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List of United States Senators from Kansas

This is a list of United States Senators from Kansas.

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List of United States Senators from Kentucky

Below is a list of United States Senators from Kentucky.

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List of United States Senators from Louisiana

Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812, and elects senators to Class 2 and Class 3.

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List of United States Senators from Maine

Maine was admitted to the Union on March 15, 1820.

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List of United States Senators from Maryland

Below is a list of United States Senators from Maryland, which ratified the United States Constitution April 28, 1788, becoming the seventh state to do so.

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List of United States Senators from Massachusetts

Below is a chronological listing of the United States Senators from Massachusetts.

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List of United States Senators from Michigan

Michigan was admitted to the Union on January 26, 1837.

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List of United States Senators from Minnesota

Minnesota was admitted to the Union on May 11, 1858.

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List of United States Senators from Mississippi

Mississippi was admitted to the Union on December 10, 1817, and elects senators to Class 1 and Class 2.

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List of United States Senators from Missouri

Missouri was admitted to the Union on August 10, 1821.

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List of United States Senators from Nebraska

Nebraska was admitted to the Union on March 1, 1867, and elects its United States Senators to Class 1 and Class 2.

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List of United States Senators from Nevada

Nevada was admitted to the Union on October 31, 1864 and has been represented in the United States Senate by 26 people.

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List of United States Senators from New Hampshire

New Hampshire's current senators are Jeanne Shaheen (D) and Maggie Hassan (D).

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List of United States Senators from New Jersey

Below is a chronological listing of the United States Senators from New Jersey.

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List of United States Senators from New York

Below is a list of U.S. Senators who have represented the State of New York in the United States Senate since 1789.

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List of United States Senators from North Carolina

North Carolina ratified the Constitution on November 21, 1789, after the beginning of the 1st Congress.

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List of United States Senators from Ohio

The state of Ohio elects one Class 1 and one Class 3 senator.

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List of United States Senators from Oregon

Oregon was admitted to the Union on February 14, 1859.

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List of United States Senators from Pennsylvania

This is a chronological listing of the United States Senators from Pennsylvania.

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List of United States Senators from Rhode Island

This is a list of United States Senators from Rhode Island.

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List of United States Senators from South Carolina

South Carolina ratified the United States Constitution on May 23, 1788.

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List of United States Senators from Tennessee

Tennessee was admitted to the Union on June 1, 1796.

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List of United States Senators from Texas

Texas was admitted to the United States on December 29, 1845 and elects its U.S. Senators to Class 1 and Class 2.

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List of United States Senators from Vermont

Vermont was admitted to the Union on March 4, 1791.

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List of United States Senators from Virginia

Virginia ratified the United States Constitution on June 25, 1788.

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List of United States Senators from West Virginia

Below is a list of United States Senators from West Virginia.

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List of United States Senators from Wisconsin

Wisconsin was admitted to the Union on May 29, 1848.

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Logan H. Roots

Logan Holt Roots (March 26, 1841 – May 30, 1893) was a U.S. Representative for Arkansas' 1st congressional district.

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Lot M. Morrill

Lot Myrick Morrill (May 3, 1813January 10, 1883) was an American statesman who served as the 28th Governor of Maine, in the United States Senate and as Secretary of the Treasury appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant.

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Luke P. Poland

Luke Potter Poland (November 1, 1815 – July 2, 1887) was a United States Senator and Representative from Vermont.

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Lyman Trumbull

Lyman Trumbull (October 12, 1813 – June 25, 1896) was a United States Senator from Illinois and the co-author of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

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Marine Hospital Service

The Marine Hospital Service was an organization of Marine Hospitals dedicated to the care of ill and disabled seamen in the U.S. Merchant Marine, the U.S. Coast Guard and other federal beneficiaries.

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Marion Bethune

Marion Bethune (April 8, 1816 – February 20, 1895) was a U.S. Representative from Georgia.

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Martin Welker

Martin Welker (April 25, 1819 – March 15, 1902) was a lawyer, politician, and judge from Ohio.

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Matthew H. Carpenter

Matthew Hale Carpenter (born Decatur Merritt Hammond Carpenter; December 22, 1824 – February 24, 1881) was an American attorney and U.S. Senator representing the state of Wisconsin.

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Methodism

Methodism or the Methodist movement is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity which derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of John Wesley, an Anglican minister in England.

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Michael C. Kerr

Michael Crawford Kerr (March 15, 1827 – August 19, 1876) was an American legislator, and the first Democratic Speaker of the United States House of Representatives after the Civil War.

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Mississippi

Mississippi is a state in the Southern United States, with part of its southern border formed by the Gulf of Mexico.

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Morgan C. Hamilton

Morgan Calvin Hamilton (February 25, 1809November 21, 1893) was an American merchant, politician from Alabama and Texas, and brother of Andrew Jackson Hamilton.

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Morton S. Wilkinson

Morton Smith Wilkinson (January 22, 1819February 4, 1894) was an American politician.

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Nathan F. Dixon II

Nathan Fellows Dixon was a United States Representative from Rhode Island.

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Nathaniel P. Banks

Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss) Banks (January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from Massachusetts and a Union general during the Civil War.

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Nehemiah G. Ordway

Nehemiah George Ordway (November 10, 1828July 3, 1907) was an American politician who was a New Hampshire state senator and the seventh Governor of Dakota Territory.

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Nelson Tift

Nelson Tift (July 23, 1810 – November 21, 1891) was an American jurist, businessman, sailor and politician from the state of Georgia.

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Noah Davis

Noah Davis (September 10, 1818 Haverhill, Grafton County, New Hampshire – March 20, 1902 New York City) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

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Norman B. Judd

Norman Buel Judd (January 10, 1815 – November 11, 1878) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois, and the grandfather of U.S. Representative Norman Judd Gould of New York.

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Oakes Ames

Oakes Ames (January 10, 1804 – May 8, 1873) was an American manufacturer, capitalist, and member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.

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Oliver H. Dockery

Oliver Hart Dockery (August 12, 1830 near Rockingham, North Carolina – March 21, 1906), son of Alfred Dockery, was a farmer and a politician, elected as a Republican Congressional Representative from North Carolina after the Civil War.

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Oliver James Dickey

Oliver James Dickey (April 6, 1823 – April 21, 1876) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Oliver P. Morton

Oliver Hazard Perry Throck Morton (August 4, 1823 – November 1, 1877), commonly known as Oliver P. Morton, was a U.S. Republican Party politician from Indiana.

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Omar D. Conger

Omar Dwight Conger (April 1, 1818July 11, 1898) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the U.S. state of Michigan.

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Orange Ferriss

Orange Ferriss (November 26, 1814 – April 11, 1894) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Orestes Cleveland

Orestes Cleveland, Sr. (March 2, 1829 – March 30, 1896) was an American manufacturer and Democratic Party politician who represented from 1869 to 1871, and served two separate stints as Mayor of Jersey City.

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Orris S. Ferry

Orris Sanford Ferry (August 15, 1823 – November 21, 1875) was a Republican American lawyer and politician from Connecticut who served in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

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Ozora P. Stearns

Ozora Pierson Stearns (January 15, 1831June 2, 1896) was an American politician.

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Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives

The Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives manages, supervises, and administers its Office of the Parliamentarian, which is responsible for advising presiding officers, Members, and staff on procedural questions under the U.S. Constitution, rule, and precedent, as well as for preparing, compiling, and publishing the precedents of the House.

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Patrick Hamill

Patrick Hamill (April 28, 1817 – January 15, 1895) was a U.S. Congressman from the fourth district of Maryland, serving one term from 1869–1871.

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Peter Myndert Dox

Peter Myndert Dox (September 11, 1813 – April 2, 1891) was an American politician who served the state of Alabama in the U.S. House of Representatives between 1869 and 1873.

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Peter W. Strader

Peter Wilson Strader (November 6, 1818 – February 25, 1881) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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Philadelph Van Trump

Philadelph Van Trump (November 15, 1810 – July 31, 1874) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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Philetus Sawyer

Philetus Sawyer (September 22, 1816March 29, 1900) was an American politician of the Republican Party who represented Wisconsin in both houses of Congress.

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Pierce M. B. Young

Pierce Manning Butler Young (November 15, 1836 – July 6, 1896) was a Major General in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and a post-war politician, diplomat, and four-term United States Congressman from Georgia.

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Porter Sheldon

Porter Sheldon (September 29, 1831 – August 15, 1908) was an American politician and a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives

The Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives was an employee of the United States Congress from 1834 to 1993.

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Presbyterianism

Presbyterianism is a part of the reformed tradition within Protestantism which traces its origins to Britain, particularly Scotland, and Ireland.

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Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant

The presidency of Ulysses S. Grant began on March 4, 1869, when he was inaugurated as the 18th President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1877.

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President of the United States

The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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President pro tempore of the United States Senate

The President pro tempore of the United States Senate (also president pro tem) is the second-highest-ranking official of the United States Senate.

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Promontory, Utah

Promontory is an area of high ground in Box Elder County, Utah, 32 mi (51 km) west of Brigham City and 66 mi (106 km) northwest of Salt Lake City.

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Public Credit Act of 1869

The Public Credit Act of 1869 in the USA states that bondholders who purchased bonds to help finance the Civil War (1861 – 1865) would be paid back in gold.

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Randolph Strickland

Randolph Strickland (February 4, 1823 – May 5, 1880) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.

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Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives

The Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives reads bills, motions, and other papers before the House and keeps track of changes to legislation made on the floor.

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Republican Party (United States)

The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP (abbreviation for Grand Old Party), is one of the two major political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party.

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Reuben Fenton

Reuben Eaton Fenton (July 4, 1819August 25, 1885) was an American merchant and politician from New York.

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Richard Cunningham McCormick

Richard Cunningham McCormick, Jr. (May 23, 1832June 2, 1901) was an American politician, businessman, and journalist.

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Richard H. Whiteley

Richard Henry Whiteley (December 22, 1830 – September 26, 1890) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator-elect from Georgia.

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Richard Jacobs Haldeman

Richard Jacobs Haldeman (May 19, 1831 – October 1, 1886) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Richard S. Ayer

Richard Small Ayer (October 9, 1829 – December 14, 1896) was a U.S. Representative from Virginia.

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Richard Thomas Walker Duke

Richard Thomas Walker Duke Sr. (June 6, 1822 – July 2, 1898) was a nineteenth-century congressman and lawyer from Virginia.

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Richard Yates (politician, born 1815)

Richard Yates (January 18, 1815 – November 27, 1873) was the Governor of Illinois during the American Civil War and has been considered one of the most effective war governors.

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Robert C. Schenck

Robert Cumming Schenck (October 4, 1809 – March 23, 1890) was a Union Army general in the American Civil War, and American diplomatic representative to Brazil and the United Kingdom.

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Robert Ridgway (congressman)

Robert Ridgway (April 21, 1823 – October 16, 1870) was a nineteenth-century congressman, lawyer and editor from Virginia.

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Robert Stell Heflin

Robert Stell Heflin (April 15, 1815 – January 24, 1901) was a legislator for Georgia and later Alabama.

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Robert T. Van Horn

Robert Thompson Van Horn (May 19, 1824 – January 3, 1916) was a lawyer, the owner and publisher of The Kansas City Enterprise, mayor of Kansas City, Missouri during the parts of the Civil War, member of the Missouri General Assembly, and representative to the Forty-seventh Congress of the United States.

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Roderick R. Butler

Roderick Random Butler (April 9, 1827 – August 18, 1902) was an American politician who represented Tennessee's 1st district in the United States House of Representatives from 1867 to 1875, and again from 1887 to 1889.

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Roscoe Conkling

Roscoe Conkling (October 30, 1829April 18, 1888) was a politician from New York who served both as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

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Samuel Beach Axtell

Samuel Beach Axtell (October 14, 1819 – August 7, 1891) was an American jurist and politician.

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Samuel C. Pomeroy

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy (January 3, 1816 – August 27, 1891) was a United States senator from Kansas in the mid-19th century.

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Samuel F. Gove

Samuel Francis Gove (March 9, 1822 – December 3, 1900) was a U.S. Representative from Georgia.

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Samuel Hambleton (politician)

Samuel Hambleton (January 8, 1812 – December 9, 1886) was an American politician.

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Samuel Hooper

Samuel Hooper (February 3, 1808 – February 14, 1875) was a businessman and member of Congress from Massachusetts.

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Samuel J. Randall

Samuel Jackson Randall (October 10, 1828 – April 13, 1890) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania in the late 19th century.

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Samuel Mayes Arnell

Samuel Mayes Arnell (May 3, 1833 – July 20, 1903) was an American politician who represented the 6th congressional district of Tennessee in the United States House of Representatives.

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Samuel P. Morrill

Samuel Plummer Morrill (February 11, 1816 – August 4, 1892) was a nineteenth-century politician and minister from Maine.

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Samuel S. Cox

Samuel Sullivan "Sunset" Cox (September 30, 1824, Zanesville, Ohio – September 10, 1889, New York City) was an American Congressman and diplomat.

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Samuel S. Marshall

Samuel Scott Marshall (March 12, 1821 – July 26, 1890) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

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Samuel Swinfin Burdett

Samuel Swinfin Burdett (February 21, 1836 – September 24, 1914) was a U.S. Representative from Missouri.

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Schuyler Colfax

Schuyler Colfax Jr. (March 23, 1823 – January 13, 1885) was an American journalist, businessman, and politician from Indiana.

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Secretary of the United States Senate

The Secretary of the Senate is an elected officer of the United States Senate.

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Selucius Garfielde

Selucius Garfielde (December 8, 1822 – April 13, 1883) was an American lawyer and politician who was a Delegate to the United States House of Representatives from the Territory of Washington for two terms, serving from 1869 to 1873.

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Sempronius H. Boyd

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd (May 28, 1828 – June 22, 1894) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer, judge and teacher from Missouri.

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Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives

The Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives is an officer of the House with law enforcement, protocol, and administrative responsibilities.

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Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate

The Sergeant at Arms of the Senate or originally known as the Doorkeeper of the Senate from the First Congress until the Eighth Congress (April 7, 1789 – March 3, 1803) is the highest-ranking federal law enforcement officer in the Senate of the United States.

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Shelby Moore Cullom

Shelby Moore Cullom (November 22, 1829 – January 28, 1914) was a U.S. political figure, serving in various offices, including the United States House of Representatives, the United States Senate and the 17th Governor of Illinois.

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Sidney Clarke

Sidney Clarke (October 16, 1831 – June 18, 1909) was a U.S. Representative from Kansas, a Kansas state speaker of the house, and an Oklahoma territorial legislator.

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Simon Cameron

Simon Cameron (March 8, 1799June 26, 1889) was an influential American businessman and politician who served as United States Secretary of War for Abraham Lincoln at the start of the American Civil War.

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Solomon L. Hoge

Solomon Lafayette Hoge (July 11, 1836 – February 23, 1909) was a lawyer, soldier, judge and politician in Ohio and South Carolina.

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Solomon L. Spink

Solomon Lewis Spink (March 20, 1831 – September 22, 1881) was an American lawyer who served as a delegate for the Dakota Territory in the United States House of Representatives.

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Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives.

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Stephen A. Corker

Stephen Alfestus Corker (May 7, 1830 – October 18, 1879) was a U.S. Representative from Georgia.

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Stephen Friel Nuckolls

Stephen Friel Nuckolls (August 16, 1825 – February 14, 1879) was a Delegate from the Territory of Wyoming and co-founder of Nebraska City, Nebraska.

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Stephen L. Mayham

Stephen Lorenzo Mayham (October 8, 1826 – March 3, 1908) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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Stephen Sanford

Stephen Sanford (May 26, 1826 – February 13, 1913) was an American businessman and a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York's 18th congressional district.

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Stephen Wright Kellogg

Stephen Wright Kellogg (b. Shelburne, Massachusetts, April 5, 1822 – d. Waterbury, Connecticut, January 27, 1904) was an American politician, attorney, military officer and judge.

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Stevenson Archer (1827–1898)

Stevenson Archer (February 28, 1827 – August 2, 1898) was a U.S. Congressman from Maryland, serving the second district for four terms in 1867–1875.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.

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Thomas Boles

Thomas Boles (July 16, 1837 – March 13, 1905) was an American politician, a judge, and a U.S. Representative from Arkansas.

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Thomas C. McCreery

Thomas Clay McCreery (December 12, 1816July 10, 1890) was a Democratic U.S. Senator from Kentucky.

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Thomas F. Bayard

Thomas Francis Bayard (October 29, 1828 – September 28, 1898) was an American lawyer, politician, and diplomat from Wilmington, Delaware.

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Thomas Fitch (politician)

Thomas Fitch (January 27, 1838 – November 12, 1923) was an American lawyer and politician.

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Thomas J. Robertson

Thomas James Robertson (August 3, 1823October 13, 1897) was a United States Senator from South Carolina.

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Thomas Jenckes

Thomas Allen Jenckes (November 2, 1818 – November 4, 1875) was a United States Congressional representative for the State of Rhode Island.

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Thomas Laurens Jones

Thomas Laurens Jones (January 22, 1819 – June 20, 1887) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.

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Thomas Swann

Thomas Swann (February 3, 1809 – July 24, 1883) was an American politician.

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Thomas Tipton

Thomas Weston Tipton (August 5, 1817November 26, 1899) was a Senator from Nebraska.

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Thomas W. Ferry

Thomas White Ferry (June 10, 1827October 13, 1896) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the state of Michigan.

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Thomas W. Osborn

Thomas Ward Osborn (March 9, 1833December 18, 1898) was a Union Army officer and United States Senator representing Florida.

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Thompson W. McNeely

Thompson Ware McNeely (October 5, 1835 – July 23, 1921) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

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Timothy O. Howe

Timothy Otis Howe (February 24, 1816March 25, 1883) was a member of the United States Senate, representing the state of Wisconsin from March 4, 1861 to March 3, 1879.

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Truman H. Hoag

Truman Harrison Hoag (April 9, 1816 – February 5, 1870) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

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Ulysses Mercur

Ulysses Mercur (August 12, 1818 – June 6, 1887) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.

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Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses Simpson Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American soldier and statesman who served as Commanding General of the Army and the 18th President of the United States, the highest positions in the military and the government of the United States.

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United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York

The United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York is the chief federal law enforcement officer in eight New York counties: Manhattan (New York County), Bronx, Westchester, Putnam, Rockland, Orange, Dutchess and Sullivan.

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United States Capitol

The United States Capitol, often called the Capitol Building, is the home of the United States Congress, and the seat of the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government.

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United States Congress Joint Committee on Enrolled Bills

The Joint Committee on Enrolled Bills was a joint committee of the United States Congress operating from 1789 to 1876.

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United States Court of Claims

The Court of Claims was a federal court that heard claims against the United States government.

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United States Department of Justice

The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the U.S. government, responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice in the United States, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries. The department was formed in 1870 during the Ulysses S. Grant administration. The Department of Justice administers several federal law enforcement agencies including the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). The department is responsible for investigating instances of financial fraud, representing the United States government in legal matters (such as in cases before the Supreme Court), and running the federal prison system. The department is also responsible for reviewing the conduct of local law enforcement as directed by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. The department is headed by the United States Attorney General, who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate and is a member of the Cabinet. The current Attorney General is Jeff Sessions.

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United States elections, 1868

The 1868 United States elections was held on November 3, electing the members of the 41st United States Congress.

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United States elections, 1870

The 1870 United States elections occurred in the middle of Republican President Ulysses S. Grant's first term, during the Third Party System.

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United States House Committee on Accounts

The United States House Committee on Accounts was a standing committee of the US House of Representatives from 1803 to 1946.

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United States House Committee on Agriculture

The U.S. House Committee on Agriculture, or Agriculture Committee is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Appropriations

The United States House Committee on Appropriations is a committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Armed Services

The U.S. House Committee on Armed Services, commonly known as the House Armed Services Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures

The Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures (established as the Committee on a Uniform System of Coinage, Weights, and Measures) was a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives from 1864 to 1946.

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United States House Committee on Commerce

The United States House Committee on Commerce was a standing committee of the U.S. House from 1819 until 1892; it was established when the previous Committee on Commerce and Manufactures, which has existed since 1795, was split into two different committees.

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United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce

The Committee on Education and the Workforce is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Elections

The United States House Committee on Elections is a former standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce

The Committee on Energy and Commerce is one of the oldest standing committees of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Ethics

The Committee on Ethics, often known simply as the Ethics Committee, is one of the committees of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Department

The United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Department is a defunct a committee of the U.S. House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Financial Services

The United States House Committee on Financial Services (also referred to as the House Banking Committee) is the committee of the United States House of Representatives that oversees the entire financial services industry, including the securities, insurance, banking, and housing industries.

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United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs

The United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs of the United States House of Representatives, also known as the House Foreign Affairs Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives, which has jurisdiction over bills and investigations related to the foreign affairs of the United States.

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United States House Committee on Freedmen's Affairs

The Committee on Freedmen's Affairs was a select committee of the U.S. House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Invalid Pensions

The United States House Committee on Invalid Pensions is a former committee of the United States House of Representatives from 1831 to 1946.

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United States House Committee on Manufactures

United States House Committee on Manufactures was a standing committee of the U.S. House from 1819 to 1911.

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United States House Committee on Mileage

The United States House Committee on Mileage is a former standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Mines and Mining

The United States House Committee on Mines and Mining is a defunct committee of the U.S. House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Natural Resources

The U.S. House Committee on Natural Resources or Natural Resources Committee (often referred to as simply Resources) is a Congressional committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is a United States House of Representatives committee that has existed in varying forms since 1816.

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United States House Committee on Post Office and Post Roads

The United States House Committee on Post Office and Post Roads was a congressional committee which existed until 1946.

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United States House Committee on Public Works

The United States House Committee on Public Works was a U.S. House committee, established in 1947 by the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, that had jurisdiction over infrastructure within the United States.

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United States House Committee on Rules

The Committee on Rules, or (more commonly) Rules Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Territories

The United States House Committee on Territories was a committee of the United States House of Representatives from 1825 to 1946 (19th to 79th Congresses).

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United States House Committee on the Judiciary

The U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary, also called the House Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House Committee on Ways and Means

The Committee on Ways and Means is the chief tax-writing committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House of Representatives

The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber.

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United States House of Representatives Democratic Caucus

The House Democratic Caucus nominates and elects the Democratic Party leadership in the United States House of Representatives.

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United States House of Representatives elections, 1868

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1868 to elect Representatives to the 41st United States Congress.

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United States House of Representatives elections, 1870

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1870 and 1871 to elect Representatives for the 42nd Congress, and were held in the middle of President Ulysses S. Grant's first term.

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United States presidential election, 1868

The United States presidential election of 1868 was the 21st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1868.

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United States Secretary of State

The Secretary of State is a senior official of the federal government of the United States of America, and as head of the U.S. Department of State, is principally concerned with foreign policy and is considered to be the U.S. government's equivalent of a Minister for Foreign Affairs.

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United States Secretary of the Treasury

The Secretary of the Treasury is the head of the U.S. Department of the Treasury which is concerned with financial and monetary matters, and, until 2003, also included several federal law enforcement agencies.

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United States Senate

The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprise the legislature of the United States.

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United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry

The Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry is a committee of the United States Senate empowered with legislative oversight of all matters relating to the nation's agriculture industry, farming programs, forestry and logging, and legislation relating to nutrition and health.

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United States Senate Committee on Appropriations

The United States Senate Committee on Appropriations is a standing committee of the United States Senate.

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United States Senate Committee on Armed Services

The Committee on Armed Services (sometimes abbreviated SASC for Senate Armed Services Committee on its Web site) is a committee of the United States Senate empowered with legislative oversight of the nation’s military, including the Department of Defense, military research and development, nuclear energy (as pertaining to national security), benefits for members of the military, the Selective Service System and other matters related to defense policy.

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United States Senate Committee on Civil Service

United States Senate Committee on Civil Service is a defunct committee of the United States Senate.

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United States Senate Committee on Claims

The United States Senate Committee on Claims was among the first standing committees established in the Senate.

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United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation

The United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation is a standing committee of the United States Senate.

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United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources

The United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources has jurisdiction over matters related to energy and nuclear waste policy, territorial policy, native Hawaiian matters, and public lands.

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United States Senate Committee on Finance

The United States Senate Committee on Finance (or, less formally, Senate Finance Committee) is a standing committee of the United States Senate.

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United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations

The United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations is a standing committee of the United States Senate.

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United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions

The United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions (HELP) generally considers matters relating to these issues.

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United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs

The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs is a committee of the United States Senate charged with oversight in matters related to the Native American, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native peoples.

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United States Senate Committee on Patents

The United States Senate Committee on Patents was a committee of the United States Senate.

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United States Senate Committee on the District of Columbia

The United States Senate Committee on the District of Columbia was one of the first standing committees created in the United States Senate, in 1816.

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United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary

The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, informally the Senate Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of 21 U.S. Senators whose role is to oversee the Department of Justice (DOJ), consider executive nominations, and review pending legislation.

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United States Senate Committee on the Pacific Railroad

The Senate Committee on the Pacific Railroad is a defunct committee of the United States Senate.

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United States Senate Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

This committee of the United States Senate was created November 4, 1807.

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United States Senate elections, 1868 and 1869

The United States Senate elections of 1868 and 1869 were elections which had the Republican Party maintain their majority in the United States Senate.

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United States Senate elections, 1870 and 1871

In the United States Senate elections of 1870 and 1871, the Republican Party lost five seats in the United States Senate, though it still retained an overwhelming majority.

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Utah Territory

The Territory of Utah was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 4, 1896, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Utah, the 45th state.

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Vice President of the United States

The Vice President of the United States (informally referred to as VPOTUS, or Veep) is a constitutional officer in the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States as the President of the Senate under Article I, Section 3, Clause 4, of the United States Constitution, as well as the second highest executive branch officer, after the President of the United States.

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Virginia

Virginia (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.

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Waitman T. Willey

Waitman Thomas Willey (October 18, 1811May 2, 1900) was a Virginia lawyer and politician from Morgantown.

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Washington Townsend

Washington Townsend (January 20, 1813 – March 18, 1894) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Willard Saulsbury Sr.

Willard Saulsbury Sr. (June 2, 1820 – April 6, 1892) was a lawyer and politician from Georgetown, in Sussex County, Delaware.

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Willard Warner

Willard Warner (September 4, 1826 – November 23, 1906) was a brevet brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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William A. Wheeler

William Almon Wheeler (June 30, 1819 – June 4, 1887) was an American politician and attorney.

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William Alfred Buckingham

William Alfred Buckingham (May 28, 1804 – February 5, 1875) was a Republican United States Senator from Connecticut.

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William B. Allison

William Boyd Allison (March 2, 1829 – August 4, 1908) was an early leader of the Iowa Republican Party, who represented northeastern Iowa in the United States House of Representatives before representing his state in the United States Senate.

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William B. Washburn

William Barrett Washburn (January 31, 1820 – October 5, 1887) was an American businessman and politician from Massachusetts.

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William Brickly Stokes

William Brickly Stokes (September 9, 1814 – March 14, 1897) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee.

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William Crawford Sherrod

William Crawford Sherrod (August 17, 1835 – March 25, 1918) was an American politician and Confederate officer from Alabama.

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William D. Kelley

William Darrah Kelley (April 12, 1814 – January 9, 1890) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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William E. Niblack

William Ellis Niblack (May 19, 1822 – May 7, 1893) was a U.S. Representative from Indiana Niblack was born in Dubois County, Indiana, a cousin of Silas Leslie Niblack.

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William Farrand Prosser

William Farrand Prosser (March 16, 1834 – September 23, 1911) was an American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives representing Tennessee, and was a Union Colonel in the American Civil War.

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William Gannaway Brownlow

William Gannaway "Parson" Brownlow (August 29, 1805April 29, 1877) was an American newspaper publisher, Methodist minister, book author, prisoner of war, lecturer, and politician.

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William H. Kelsey

William Henry Kelsey (October 2, 1812 – April 20, 1879) was a U.S. Representative from New York.

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William H. Upson

William Hanford Upson (January 11, 1823 – April 13, 1910) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer and judge from Ohio.

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William Henry Barnum

William Henry Barnum (September 17, 1818 – April 30, 1889) was an American politician, serving as a state representative, U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, and finally as chairman of the Democratic National Committee.

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William Henry Hooper

William Henry Hooper (December 25, 1813 – December 30, 1882) was a U.S. Congressional delegate from the Territory of Utah, United States.

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William Hepburn Armstrong

William Hepburn Armstrong (September 7, 1824 – May 14, 1919) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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William Jay Smith (Tennessee politician)

William Jay Smith (September 24, 1823 – November 29, 1913) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Tennessee's 8th congressional district.

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William L. Stoughton

William Lewis Stoughton (March 20, 1827 – June 6, 1888) was a politician and soldier from U.S. state of Michigan who served in the United States Congress, as well as serving as an officer and brigade commander in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)

William Lawrence (June 26, 1819 – May 8, 1899) was a Republican politician from Ohio.

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William Loughridge

William Loughridge (July 11, 1827 – September 26, 1889) was a pioneer attorney, judge, and three-term United States Congressman from Iowa.

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William Milnes Jr.

William Milnes Jr. (December 8, 1827 – August 14, 1889) was a nineteenth-century congressman and industrialist from Virginia and Pennsylvania.

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William Moore (congressman)

William Moore (December 25, 1810, Norristown, Pennsylvania – April 26, 1878, Mays Landing, New Jersey), was an American Republican Party politician, who served in the United States House of Representatives, where he represented New Jersey's 1st congressional district from 1867 to 1871.

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William Morris Stewart

William Morris Stewart (August 9, 1827April 23, 1909) was an American lawyer and politician.

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William Mungen

William Mungen (May 12, 1821 – September 9, 1887) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer, teacher, editor and publisher from Ohio.

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William N. Sweeney

William Northcut Sweeney (May 5, 1832 – April 21, 1895) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.

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William P. Edwards

William Posey Edwards (November 9, 1835 – June 28, 1900) was a U.S. Representative from Georgia.

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William P. Fessenden

William Pitt Fessenden (October 16, 1806September 8, 1869) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Maine.

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William P. Price

William Pierce Price (January 29, 1835 – November 4, 1908) was a politician who served in the United States House of Representatives.

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William P. Wolf

William Penn Wolf (December 1, 1833 – September 19, 1896) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer and judge from Iowa.

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William Pitt Kellogg

William Pitt Kellogg (December 8, 1830 – August 10, 1918) was an American lawyer and Republican Party politician who served as a United States Senator from 1868 to 1872 and from 1877 to 1883 and as the Governor of Louisiana from 1873 to 1877 during the Reconstruction Era.

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William S. Holman

William Steele Holman (September 6, 1822 – April 22, 1897) was a lawyer, judge and politician from Dearborn County, Indiana.

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William S. King

Colonel William Smith King (December 16, 1828 – February 24, 1900) was a Republican United States Representative for Minnesota from March 4, 1875 to March 3, 1877.

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William Smyth (congressman)

William Smyth (January 3, 1824 – September 30, 1870) was a nineteenth-century politician, lawyer and judge from Iowa.

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William Sprague IV

William Sprague IV (September 12, 1830September 11, 1915) was the 27th Governor of Rhode Island from 1860 to 1863, and U.S. Senator from 1863 to 1875.

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William Thomas Clark

William Thomas Clark (June 29, 1831 – October 12, 1905) was an American soldier and politician, serving as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War and as a postbellum U.S. Congressman.

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William Thomas Hamilton

William Thomas Hamilton (September 8, 1820October 26, 1888), a member of the United States Democratic Party, was the 38th Governor of Maryland in the United States from 1880 to 1884.

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William W. Paine

William Wiseham Paine (October 10, 1817 – August 5, 1882) was a U.S. Representative from Georgia.

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William Williams (Indiana politician)

William Williams (May 11, 1821 – April 22, 1896) was a U.S. Representative from Indiana.

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William Windom

William Windom (May 10, 1827January 29, 1891) was an American politician from Minnesota.

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World Digital Library

The World Digital Library (WDL) is an international digital library operated by UNESCO and the United States Library of Congress.

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Worthington Curtis Smith

Worthington Curtis Smith (April 23, 1823 – January 2, 1894) was an American politician and railroad president.

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Wyoming Territory

The Territory of Wyoming was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 25, 1868, until July 10, 1890, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Wyoming.

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Zachariah Chandler

Zachariah Chandler (December 10, 1813November 1, 1879) was an American businessman, politician, one of the founders of the Republican Party, whose radical wing he dominated as a lifelong abolitionist.

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1860 United States Census

The United States Census of 1860 was the eighth Census conducted in the United States starting June 1, 1860, and lasting five months.

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Redirects here:

41st Congress, 41st U. S. Congress, 41st U.S. Congress, 41st US Congress, Forty-first Congress, Forty-first United States Congress.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/41st_United_States_Congress

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