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63 relations: Amiga, Auxiliary memory, Batch processing, Berkeley Software Distribution, Busy waiting, Central processing unit, Channel I/O, CICS, Classic Mac OS, Comparison of BSD operating systems, Computer data storage, Computer multitasking, Computing, Concurrent computing, Context switch, CPU time, CPU-bound, Fiber (computer science), Hang (computing), I/O bound, IBM, Input/output, Itanium, J. Lyons and Co., Job Entry Subsystem 2/3, Linux, MacOS, Memory management unit, Memory protection, Microsoft, Microsoft Windows, Multics, Multiprocessing, Multithreading (computer architecture), Operating system, Parallel computing, Parent process, Peripheral, Polling (computer science), Process (computing), Process state, Protection ring, Real-time computing, RISC OS, Scheduling (computing), Sinclair QDOS, Sinclair QL, SmartComputing, Solaris (operating system), Symmetric multiprocessing, ..., Thread (computing), Time-sharing, TOPS-10, Unix, UNIX System V, Unix-like, Virtual machine, Virtual memory, Windows 95, Windows 9x, Windows NT, Windows NT 3.1, X86-64. Expand index (13 more) »
Amiga
The Amiga is a family of personal computers introduced by Commodore in 1985.
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Auxiliary memory
Auxiliary memory, also known as auxiliary storage, secondary storage, secondary memory or external memory, is a non-volatile memory (does not lose stored data when the device is powered down) that is not directly accessible by the CPU, because it is not accessed via the input/output channels (it is an external device).
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Batch processing
In computing, batch processing refers to a computer working through a queue or batch of separate jobs (programs) without manual intervention (non-interactive).
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Berkeley Software Distribution
Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) was a Unix operating system derivative developed and distributed by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) of the University of California, Berkeley, from 1977 to 1995.
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Busy waiting
In software engineering, busy-waiting, busy-looping or spinning is a technique in which a process repeatedly checks to see if a condition is true, such as whether keyboard input or a lock is available.
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Central processing unit
A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.
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Channel I/O
In computing, channel I/O is a high-performance input/output (I/O) architecture that is implemented in various forms on a number of computer architectures, especially on mainframe computers.
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CICS
Customer Information Control System (CICS) is a family of mixed language application servers that provide online transaction management and connectivity for applications on IBM Mainframe systems under z/OS and z/VSE.
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Classic Mac OS
Classic Mac OS is a colloquial term used to describe a series of operating systems developed for the Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Inc. from 1984 until 2001.
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Comparison of BSD operating systems
There are a number of Unix-like operating systems based on or descended from the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) series of Unix variants options.
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Computer data storage
Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data.
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Computer multitasking
In computing, multitasking is the concurrent execution of multiple tasks (also known as processes) over a certain period of time.
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Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computers.
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Concurrent computing
Concurrent computing is a form of computing in which several computations are executed during overlapping time periods—concurrently—instead of sequentially (one completing before the next starts).
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Context switch
In computing, a context switch is the process of storing the state of a process or of a thread, so that it can be restored and execution resumed from the same point later.
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CPU time
CPU time (or process time) is the amount of time for which a central processing unit (CPU) was used for processing instructions of a computer program or operating system, as opposed to elapsed time, which includes for example, waiting for input/output (I/O) operations or entering low-power (idle) mode.
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CPU-bound
In computer science, a computer is CPU-bound (or compute-bound) when the time for it to complete a task is determined principally by the speed of the central processor: processor utilization is high, perhaps at 100% usage for many seconds or minutes.
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Fiber (computer science)
In computer science, a fiber is a particularly lightweight thread of execution.
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Hang (computing)
In computing, a hang or freeze occurs when either a computer program or system ceases to respond to inputs.
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I/O bound
In computer science, I/O bound refers to a condition in which the time it takes to complete a computation is determined principally by the period spent waiting for input/output operations to be completed.
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IBM
The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.
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Input/output
In computing, input/output or I/O (or, informally, io or IO) is the communication between an information processing system, such as a computer, and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing system.
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Itanium
Itanium is a family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors that implement the Intel Itanium architecture (formerly called IA-64).
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J. Lyons and Co.
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Job Entry Subsystem 2/3
The Job Entry Subsystem (JES) is a component of IBM's mainframe operating systems that is responsible for managing batch workloads.
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Linux
Linux is a family of free and open-source software operating systems built around the Linux kernel.
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MacOS
macOS (previously and later) is a series of graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001.
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Memory management unit
A memory management unit (MMU), sometimes called paged memory management unit (PMMU), is a computer hardware unit having all memory references passed through itself, primarily performing the translation of virtual memory addresses to physical addresses.
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Memory protection
Memory protection is a way to control memory access rights on a computer, and is a part of most modern instruction set architectures and operating systems.
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Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.
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Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.
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Multics
Multics (Multiplexed Information and Computing Service) is an influential early time-sharing operating system, based around the concept of a single-level memory.
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Multiprocessing
Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system.
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Multithreading (computer architecture)
In computer architecture, multithreading is the ability of a central processing unit (CPU) or a single core in a multi-core processor to execute multiple processes or threads concurrently, appropriately supported by the operating system.
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Operating system
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
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Parallel computing
Parallel computing is a type of computation in which many calculations or the execution of processes are carried out concurrently.
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Parent process
In computing, a parent process is a process that has created one or more child processes.
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Peripheral
A peripheral device is "an ancillary device used to put information into and get information out of the computer." Three categories of peripheral devices exist based on their relationship with the computer.
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Polling (computer science)
Polling, or polled operation, in computer science, refers to actively sampling the status of an external device by a client program as a synchronous activity.
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Process (computing)
In computing, a process is an instance of a computer program that is being executed.
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Process state
In a multitasking computer system, processes may occupy a variety of states.
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Protection ring
In computer science, hierarchical protection domains, often called protection rings, are mechanisms to protect data and functionality from faults (by improving fault tolerance) and malicious behaviour (by providing computer security).
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Real-time computing
In computer science, real-time computing (RTC), or reactive computing describes hardware and software systems subject to a "real-time constraint", for example from event to system response.
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RISC OS
RISC OS is a computer operating system originally designed by Acorn Computers Ltd in Cambridge, England.
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Scheduling (computing)
In computing, scheduling is the method by which work specified by some means is assigned to resources that complete the work.
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Sinclair QDOS
QDOS is the multitasking operating system found on the Sinclair QL personal computer and its clones.
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Sinclair QL
The Sinclair QL (for Quantum leap), is a personal computer launched by Sinclair Research in 1984, as an upper-end counterpart to the Sinclair ZX Spectrum.
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SmartComputing
Smart Computing was a monthly computing and technology magazine published by Sandhills Publishing Company in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
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Solaris (operating system)
Solaris is a Unix operating system originally developed by Sun Microsystems.
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Symmetric multiprocessing
Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all processors equally, reserving none for special purposes.
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Thread (computing)
In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system.
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Time-sharing
In computing, time-sharing is the sharing of a computing resource among many users by means of multiprogramming and multi-tasking at the same time.
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TOPS-10
The TOPS-10 System (Timesharing / Total Operating System-10) was a computer operating system from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for the PDP-10 (or DECsystem-10) mainframe computer launched in 1967.
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Unix
Unix (trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, development starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.
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UNIX System V
UNIX System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system.
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Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X or *nix) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, while not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification.
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Virtual machine
In computing, a virtual machine (VM) is an emulation of a computer system.
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Virtual memory
In computing, virtual memory (also virtual storage) is a memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" which "creates the illusion to users of a very large (main) memory." The computer's operating system, using a combination of hardware and software, maps memory addresses used by a program, called virtual addresses, into physical addresses in computer memory.
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Windows 95
Windows 95 (codenamed Chicago) is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft.
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Windows 9x
Windows 9x is a generic term referring to a series of Microsoft Windows computer operating systems produced from 1995 to 2000, which were based on the Windows 95 kernel and its underlying foundation of MS-DOS, both of which were updated in subsequent versions.
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Windows NT
Windows NT is a family of operating systems produced by Microsoft, the first version of which was released in July 1993.
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Windows NT 3.1
Windows NT 3.1 is a 32-bit operating system developed by Microsoft, and released on July 27, 1993.
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X86-64
x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64 and Intel 64) is the 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitasking
