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32 relations: American Revolutionary War, Arthur Hill Gillmor, Baptists, Canada, Canadian federal election, 1896, Canadian federal election, 1900, Canadian federal election, 1904, Canadian federal election, 1908, Canadians, Candy, France, Ganong Bros., George V, House of Commons of Canada, Huguenots, James H. Ganong, Josiah Wood, La Rochelle, Liberal-Conservative Party, Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick, New Amsterdam, New Brunswick, New Brunswick Southwest, Nova Scotia, Springfield Parish, New Brunswick, St. Stephen Rural Cemetery, St. Stephen, New Brunswick, United Empire Loyalist, Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire, Walter Edward Foster, William Frederick Todd, William Pugsley.
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.
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Arthur Hill Gillmor
Arthur Hill Gillmor (March 12, 1824 – April 13, 1903) was a Canadian farmer, lumberman and Liberal politician from New Brunswick.
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Baptists
Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).
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Canada
Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.
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Canadian federal election, 1896
The Canadian federal election of 1896 was held on June 23, 1896, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 8th Parliament of Canada.
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Canadian federal election, 1900
The Canadian federal election of 1900 was held on November 7 to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 9th Parliament of Canada.
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Canadian federal election, 1904
The Canadian federal election of 1904 was held on November 3 to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 10th Parliament of Canada.
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Canadian federal election, 1908
The Canadian federal election of 1908 was held on October 26 to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 11th Parliament of Canada.
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Canadians
Canadians (Canadiens / Canadiennes) are people identified with the country of Canada.
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Candy
Candy, also called sweets or lollies, is a confection that features sugar as a principal ingredient.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Ganong Bros.
Ganong Bros., Limited is Canada's oldest candy company.
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George V
George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936.
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House of Commons of Canada
The House of Commons of Canada (Chambre des communes du Canada) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the Senate.
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Huguenots
Huguenots (Les huguenots) are an ethnoreligious group of French Protestants who follow the Reformed tradition.
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James H. Ganong
James Harvey Ganong (January 9, 1841 – April 21, 1888) was a Canadian businessman in St. Stephen, New Brunswick who co-founded Ganong Bros. chocolate making company in 1873 and the St. Croix Soap Manufacturing Co. in 1878.
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Josiah Wood
Josiah Wood (18 April 1843 – 13 May 1927) was a Canadian lawyer, entrepreneur, mayor, parliamentarian, and the 13th Lieutenant Governor of the province of New Brunswick.
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La Rochelle
La Rochelle is a city in western France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean.
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Liberal-Conservative Party
The Liberal-Conservative Party was the formal name of the Conservative Party of Canada until 1873, and again from 1922 to 1938, although some Conservative candidates continued to run under the label as late as the 1911 election and others ran as simple Conservatives before 1873.
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Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick
The Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick (in French: Lieutenant-gouverneur (if male) or Lieutenante-gouverneure (if female) du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the viceregal representative in New Brunswick of the, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada, as well as the other Commonwealth realms and any subdivisions thereof, and resides predominantly in oldest realm, the United Kingdom.
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New Amsterdam
New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam, or) was a 17th-century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland.
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New Brunswick
New Brunswick (Nouveau-Brunswick; Canadian French pronunciation) is one of three Maritime provinces on the east coast of Canada.
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New Brunswick Southwest
New Brunswick Southwest (Nouveau-Brunswick-Sud-Ouest; formerly known as Charlotte and St. Croix—Belleisle) is a federal electoral district in New Brunswick, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2004.
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Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia (Latin for "New Scotland"; Nouvelle-Écosse; Scottish Gaelic: Alba Nuadh) is one of Canada's three maritime provinces, and one of the four provinces that form Atlantic Canada.
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Springfield Parish, New Brunswick
Springfield is a Canadian parish in Kings County, New Brunswick.
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St. Stephen Rural Cemetery
St.
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St. Stephen, New Brunswick
St.
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United Empire Loyalist
United Empire Loyalists (or Loyalists) is an honorific given in 1799 by Lord Dorchester, the governor of Quebec and Governor-general of British North America, to American Loyalists who resettled in British North America during or after the American Revolution.
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Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire
Victor Christian William Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire (31 May 18686 May 1938), known as Victor Cavendish until 1908, was a British politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 11th since Canadian Confederation.
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Walter Edward Foster
Walter Edward Foster, (April 9, 1873 – November 14, 1947) was a Canadian politician and businessman in New Brunswick.
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William Frederick Todd
William Frederick Todd (May 2, 1854 – March 16, 1935) was a businessman and political figure in New Brunswick.
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William Pugsley
William Pugsley, (September 27, 1850 – March 3, 1925) was a politician and lawyer in New Brunswick, Canada.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Ganong
