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Heydar Aliyev

Index Heydar Aliyev

Heydar Alirza oghlu Aliyev, also spelled Gaydar Aliev (Heydər Əlirza oğlu Əliyev; Гейда́р Али́евич Али́ев Geydar Aliyevich Aliyev; 10 May 1923 – 12 December 2003), was the third President of Azerbaijan who served from October 1993 to October 2003. [1]

132 relations: Abulfaz Elchibey, Agrarian reforms in Azerbaijan, Alley of Honor, Andrei Gromyko, Artur Rasizade, Ayaz Mutallibov, Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijani Popular Front Party, Azerbaijani presidential election, 1993, Azerbaijani presidential election, 1998, Azerbaijanis, Baku, Baku State University, Bill Clinton, Black January, Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Capital punishment, Cleveland, Cleveland Clinic, Committee for State Security of the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic, Communist Party of Azerbaijan, Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Constitution of Azerbaijan, Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan, Coronary artery bypass surgery, Council of Europe, Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, David J. Kramer, Eduard Shevardnadze, Encyclopædia Britannica, European Union, First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, Foreign relations of Azerbaijan, FSB Academy, Fuad Guliyev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Harold Perkin, Heart failure, Hernia, Hero of Socialist Labour, Heydar Aliyev Palace, Ilham Aliyev, Isa Gambar, Isgandar Hamidov, Ivan Arkhipov, Kamran Baghirov, KGB, Kidney, ..., Kiev, Kofi Annan, Konstantin Chernenko, Leonid Brezhnev, Levon Ter-Petrosyan, List of political parties in Azerbaijan, Luxembourg, Major general, Mikhail Gorbachev, Millennium Summit, Moscow, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nagorno-Karabakh, Nagorno-Karabakh War, Nakhchivan (city), Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, National Assembly (Azerbaijan), Nationalism, NATO, NATO Parliamentary Assembly, New Azerbaijan Party, Nikolai Ryzhkov, Nikolai Tikhonov, Ohio, Order of Lenin, Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, Order of St. Andrew, Order of the Golden Fleece (Georgia), Order of the October Revolution, Order of the Patriotic War, Order of the Red Star, Order of the State of Republic of Turkey, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Partnership for Peace, Penguin Books, People's Commissariat for State Security, Perestroika, Pete Earley, Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Politics of Azerbaijan, President of Azerbaijan, Prostate, Rasul Guliyev, Richard Kauzlarich, Russia, Saint Petersburg, Secretary (title), Secretary-General of the United Nations, September 11 attacks, Shia Islam, Shusha, Soviet Union, Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan, Surat Huseynov, Technical Aid to the Commonwealth of Independent States, Terrorist Financing Convention, The New York Times, The Washington Post, TRACECA, Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Turkey, Ukraine, United Nations, United Nations General Assembly, United Nations Security Council, United Nations Security Council Resolution 822, United Nations Security Council Resolution 853, United Nations Security Council Resolution 874, United Nations Security Council Resolution 884, United States, Vali Akhundov, Vasif Talibov, Vasili Kuznetsov (politician), Vladimir Putin, Yaroslav the Wise, Yuri Andropov, Zarifa Aliyeva, 25th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 25th Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 26th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 27th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Expand index (82 more) »

Abulfaz Elchibey

Abulfaz Elchibey, (Əbülfəz Elçibəy; 24 June 1938 in Nakhchivan – 22 August 2000 in Ankara) was an Azerbaijani political figure and a former Soviet dissident.

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Agrarian reforms in Azerbaijan

Agrarian reforms or land reforms of Azerbaijan is a set of consequent laws designed and adopted by State Commission on Agrarian Reforms since 1995.

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Alley of Honor

The Alley of Honor (Fəxri Xiyaban, Honorary Alley) is a public cemetery and memorial in Baku, Azerbaijan.

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Andrei Gromyko

Andrei Andreyevich Gromyko (Андре́й Андре́евич Громы́ко; Андрэ́й Андрэ́евіч Грамы́ка; – 2 July 1989) was a Soviet communist politician during the Cold War.

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Artur Rasizade

Artur Tahir oghlu Rasizade (Artur Tahir oğlu Rasi-zadə; born 26 February 1935) is an Azerbaijani politician who served as the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan from 20 July 1996 until 4 August 2003, and again from 4 November 2003 until 21 April 2018.

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Ayaz Mutallibov

Ayaz Niyazi oghlu Muetaellibov (Ayaz Niyazi oğlu Mütəllibov, Ајаз Нијази оғлу Мүтәллибов; Ajaz Nijazovič Mutalibov, born 12 May 1938, Baku) is an Azerbaijani politician who was the last leader of Soviet Azerbaijan, and the first President of independent Azerbaijan from October 1991 until May 1992.

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Azerbaijan

No description.

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Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

Azerbaijan (Азәрбајҹан; Azərbaycan), officially the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (Azerbaijan SSR; Азәрбајҹан Совет Сосиалист Республикасы, Azərbaycan Sovet Sosialist Respublikası, Азербайджанская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Azerbajdžanskaja Sovetskaja Socialističeskaja Respublika) and the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası, Азәрбајҹан Республикасы), also referred to as Soviet Azerbaijan, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union between 1922 and 1991.

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Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University

Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (formerly Azerbaijan State Oil Academy) Azərbaycan Respublikası Prezidentinin 3 sentyabr 2015-ci il tarixli Sərəncamı.

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Azerbaijani Popular Front Party

The Azerbaijani Popular Front Party (APFP) (Azərbaycan Xalq Cəbhəsi Partiyası) is an opposition political party in Azerbaijan, founded in 1992 by Abulfaz Elchibey.

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Azerbaijani presidential election, 1993

Presidential elections were held in Azerbaijan on 3 October 1993.

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Azerbaijani presidential election, 1998

Presidential elections were held in Azerbaijan on 11 October 1998.

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Azerbaijanis

Azerbaijanis or Azeris (Azərbaycanlılar آذربایجانلیلار, Azərilər آذریلر), also known as Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan türkləri آذربایجان تورکلری), are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Iranian region of Azerbaijan and the sovereign (former Soviet) Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Baku

Baku (Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region, with a population of 2,374,000.

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Baku State University

Baku State University (BSU; Bakı Dövlət Universiteti) is a public university located in Baku, Azerbaijan.

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Bill Clinton

William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

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Black January

Black January (Qara Yanvar), also known as Black Saturday or the January Massacre, was a violent crackdown in Baku on 19–20 January 1990, pursuant to a state of emergency during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

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Boutros Boutros-Ghali

Boutros Boutros-Ghali (بطرس بطرس غالي,; 14 November 1922 – 16 February 2016) was an Egyptian politician and diplomat who was the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN) from January 1992 to December 1996.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.

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Cleveland

Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio, and the county seat of Cuyahoga County.

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Cleveland Clinic

The Cleveland Clinic is a multispecialty academic hospital in Cleveland, Ohio, that is owned and operated by the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, an Ohio nonprofit corporation established in 1921.

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Committee for State Security of the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic

Committee for State Security of the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic (Russian:Комитет государственной безопасности Азербайджанская ССР) or KGB of AzSSR was the security agency of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, being the local branch of Committee for State Security of the USSR.

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Communist Party of Azerbaijan

The Azerbaijan Communist Party (Azərbaycan Kommunist Partiyası; Коммунистическая партия Азербайджана) was the ruling political party in the Azerbaijan SSR, making it effectively a branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union.

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Constitution of Azerbaijan

The Constitution of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan konstitusiyası) was adopted on 12 November 1995 by popular referendum.

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Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan

The Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan Republic (Azərbaycan Respublikasının Konstitusiya Məhkəməsi) is an independent state body of the Republic of Azerbaijan which jurisdiction is prescribed by the Constitution of Azerbaijan.

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Coronary artery bypass surgery

Coronary artery bypass surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG, pronounced "cabbage") surgery, and colloquially heart bypass or bypass surgery, is a surgical procedure to restore normal blood flow to an obstructed coronary artery.

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Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe) is an international organisation whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.

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Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union

The Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (p; sometimes abbreviated to Sovmin or referred to as the Soviet of Ministers), was the de jure government comprising the highest executive and administrative body of the Soviet Union from 1946 until 1991.

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David J. Kramer

David J. Kramer was United States Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor from 2008 to 2009.

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Eduard Shevardnadze

Eduard Ambrosiyevich Shevardnadze (ედუარდ ამბროსის ძე შევარდნაძე, Eduard Ambrosis dze Šewardnadze; 25 January 1928 – 7 July 2014) was a Georgian politician and diplomat.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union

The office of First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, also called First Vice Premier of the Soviet Union, was synonymous with vice-head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); a First Deputy Premier did not always serve in his post alone.

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Foreign relations of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan is a member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, NATO's Partnership for Peace, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, the World Health Organization, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; the Council of Europe, CFE Treaty, the Community of Democracies; the International Monetary Fund; and the World Bank.

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FSB Academy

The FSB Academy (Академия федеральной службы безопасности Российской Федерации, formerly known as The Dzerzhinsky Higher School of the KGB), is an education and research institution federally chartered to prepare Russian Intelligence personnel for the Federal Security Service in particular and for the Russian Intelligence Community in general.

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Fuad Guliyev

Fuad Guliyev Khalil oglu (Fuad Quliyev Xəlil oğlu), (born 6 July 1941), was the 5th Prime Minister of Azerbaijan.

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General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was an office of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) that by the late 1920s had evolved into the most powerful of the Central Committee's various secretaries.

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Harold Perkin

Harold James Perkin (11 November 1926 – 16 October 2004) was an English social historian and founder of the Social History Society (1976).

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Heart failure

Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), is when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs.

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Hernia

A hernia is the abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides.

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Hero of Socialist Labour

Hero of Socialist Labour was an honorary title of the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries.

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Heydar Aliyev Palace

Heydar Aliyev Palace (Azeri: Heydər Əliyev Adına Saray, also known as Baku Palace, formerly Republic Palace (Respublika Sarayı) and during the Soviet era known as Lenin Palace (Лeнин aдынa) is the main music venue of Baku, Azerbaijan, seating 2,158 people. The palace was renamed after the death of Azerbaijani President Heydar Aliyev in 2003. Alish Lemberanskiy was the designer and main visioner of the palace. It is a concert complex where state events are held alongside cultural programs. The concert hall of the palace is considered to be the biggest scene in the republic.

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Ilham Aliyev

Ilham Aliyev (İlham Heydər oğlu Əliyev; born 24 December 1961) is the fourth and current President of Azerbaijan, in office since 2003.

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Isa Gambar

Isa Yunis oglu Qambar (Azerbaijani: İsa Yunis oğlu Qəmbər), also known as Isa Gambar or Isa Qambar (born February 24, 1957), is a prominent Azerbaijani politician and leader of the Equality Party (Müsavat), the largest opposition block in Azerbaijan.

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Isgandar Hamidov

İsgender Hamidov (İsgəndər Məcid oğlu Həmidov) (also transliterated as Iskender Majid oglu Hamidov or Iskander Medjid oglu Hamidov) (born April 10, 1948 in Bağlıpəyə village, Kalbajar rayon) is a former Minister of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan who served in the Popular Front government of 1992-1993.

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Ivan Arkhipov

Ivan Vasilyevich Arkhipov (Иван Васильевич Архипов; Kaluga, – Moscow, 28 February 1998) was a Soviet-Russian statesman who was First Deputy of the Council of Ministers from 1980 to 1986.

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Kamran Baghirov

Kamran Baghirov Mammad oglu (Kamran Bağirov Məmməd oğlu; January 24, 1933 – October 25, 2000), was the 12th First Secretary of Azerbaijan Communist Party.

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KGB

The KGB, an initialism for Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti (p), translated in English as Committee for State Security, was the main security agency for the Soviet Union from 1954 until its break-up in 1991.

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Kidney

The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs present in left and right sides of the body in vertebrates.

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Kiev

Kiev or Kyiv (Kyiv; Kiyev; Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper.

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Kofi Annan

Kofi Atta Annan (born 8 April 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1997 to December 2006.

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Konstantin Chernenko

Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko (p, 24 September 1911 – 10 March 1985) was a Soviet politician and the fifth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Leonid Brezhnev

Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (a; Леоні́д Іллі́ч Бре́жнєв, 19 December 1906 (O.S. 6 December) – 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982 as the General Secretary of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), presiding over the country until his death and funeral in 1982.

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Levon Ter-Petrosyan

Levon Hagopi Ter-Petrosyan (Լևոն Հակոբի Տեր-Պետրոսյան; born 9 January 1946), also known by his initials LTP, is an Armenian politician.

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List of political parties in Azerbaijan

This article lists political parties in Azerbaijan.

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Luxembourg

Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxembourg, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in western Europe.

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Major general

Major general (abbreviated MG, Maj. Gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries.

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Mikhail Gorbachev

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, GCL (born 2 March 1931) is a Russian and former Soviet politician.

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Millennium Summit

The Millennium Summit was a meeting among many world leaders lasting three days from 6 September to 8 September 2000 at the United Nations headquarters in New York City.

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Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 (conventional) – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and founder of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President from 1923 until his death in 1938.

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Nagorno-Karabakh

Nagorno-Karabakh, meaning "Mountainous Karabakh," also known as Artsakh, is a landlocked region in the South Caucasus, within the mountainous range of Karabakh, lying between Lower Karabakh and Zangezur, and covering the southeastern range of the Lesser Caucasus mountains.

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Nagorno-Karabakh War

The Nagorno-Karabakh War was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place in the late 1980s to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by the Republic of Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Nakhchivan (city)

Nakhchivan (Naxçıvan, Նախիջևան) is the capital of the eponymous Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, located west of Baku.

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Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası) is a landlocked exclave of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

The Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Azerbaijani: italics; Нахичеванская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика), abbreviated as Nakhichevan ASSR (Azerbaijani: Нахчыван МССР; Нахичеванская АССР), was an autonomous republic within the Azerbaijan SSR, itself a republic within the Soviet Union.

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National Assembly (Azerbaijan)

The National Assembly (Milli Məclis), also transliterated as Milli Majlis, is the legislative branch of government in Azerbaijan.

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Nationalism

Nationalism is a political, social, and economic system characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining sovereignty (self-governance) over the homeland.

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NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord; OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.

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NATO Parliamentary Assembly

Founded in 1955, the NATO Parliamentary Assembly (NATO PA) serves as the consultative interparliamentary organisation for the North Atlantic Alliance.

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New Azerbaijan Party

The New Azerbaijan Party (Yeni Azərbaycan Partiyası, YAP) is the ruling political party in Azerbaijan.

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Nikolai Ryzhkov

Nikolai Ivanovich Ryzhkov (Ukrainian: Рижков Микола Іванович, Russian: Николай Иванович Рыжков, Nikolaj Ivanovič Ryžkov; born 28 September 1929) is a former Soviet official who became a Russian politician following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

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Nikolai Tikhonov

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Tikhonov (Николай Александрович Тихонов; Kharkiv, – Moscow, 1 June 1997) was a Soviet Russian-Ukrainian statesman during the Cold War.

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Ohio

Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.

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Order of Lenin

The Order of Lenin (Orden Lenina), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930.

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Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise

The Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise (Орден князя Ярослава Мудрого) is an award of Ukraine.

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Order of St. Andrew

The Order of St.

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Order of the Golden Fleece (Georgia)

The Order of the Golden Fleece (ოქროს საწმისის ორდენი, ok'ros sats'misis ordeni) is an honor awarded by the government of Georgia.

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Order of the October Revolution

The Order of the October Revolution (Орден Октябрьской Революции, Orden Oktyabr'skoy Revolyutsii) was instituted on October 31, 1967, in time for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution.

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Order of the Patriotic War

The Order of the Patriotic War (Орден Отечественной войны) is a Soviet military decoration that was awarded to all soldiers in the Soviet armed forces, security troops, and to partisans for heroic deeds during the German-Soviet War, known by the former-Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War.

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Order of the Red Star

The Order of the Red Star (Орден Краснoй Звезды) was a military decoration of the Soviet Union.

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Order of the State of Republic of Turkey

The Order of the State of Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Nişanı) is the highest state order awarded to foreign nationals by the President of the Republic of Turkey.

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Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe

The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) is the parliamentary arm of the Council of Europe, a 47-nation international organisation dedicated to upholding human rights, democracy and the rule of law.

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Partnership for Peace

The Partnership for Peace (PfP) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) program aimed at creating trust between NATO and other states in Europe and the former Soviet Union; 21 states are members.

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Penguin Books

Penguin Books is a British publishing house.

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People's Commissariat for State Security

The People's Commissariat for State Security (Народный комиссариат государственной безопасности) or NKGB, was the name of the Soviet secret police, intelligence and counter-intelligence force that existed from February 3, 1941 to July 20, 1941, and again in 1943, before being renamed the Ministry for State Security (MGB).

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Perestroika

Perestroika (a) was a political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s until 1991 and is widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "openness") policy reform.

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Pete Earley

Pete Earley is an American journalist and writer of non-fiction books and novels.

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Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Politburo (p, full: Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, abbreviated Политбюро ЦК КПСС, Politbyuro TsK KPSS) was the highest policy-making government authority under the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Politics of Azerbaijan

The Politics of Azerbaijan takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential republic, with the President of Azerbaijan as the head of state, and the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan as head of government.

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President of Azerbaijan

The President of the Republic of Azerbaijan is the head of state of Azerbaijan.

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Prostate

The prostate (from Ancient Greek προστάτης, prostates, literally "one who stands before", "protector", "guardian") is a compound tubuloalveolar exocrine gland of the male reproductive system in most mammals.

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Rasul Guliyev

Rasul Guliyev (Rəsul Bayram oğlu Quliyev; born December 10, 1947) was Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan from 1993 to 1996.

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Richard Kauzlarich

Richard Dale Kauzlarich (born 1944) is an American diplomat, writer, and intelligence analyst.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Secretary (title)

Secretary is a title often used in organizations to indicate a person having a certain amount of authority, power, or importance in the organization.

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Secretary-General of the United Nations

The Secretary-General of the United Nations (UNSG or just SG) is the head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.

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September 11 attacks

The September 11, 2001 attacks (also referred to as 9/11) were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda against the United States on the morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001.

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Shia Islam

Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.

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Shusha

Shusha (Şuşa; Шуша), or Shushi (Շուշի), is a city in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh in the South Caucasus.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan

The Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan Republic (Azərbaycan Respublikası Milli Məclisinin Spikeri), also called Chairman of the National Assembly (Milli Məclisinin Sədri) is the Speaker of Azerbaijani Parliament.

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Surat Huseynov

Surat Davud oglu Huseynov (Surət Davud oğlu Hüseynov; born 12 February 1959 in Ganja) is an Azerbaijani colonel and ex-Prime Minister of Azerbaijan, who rose to prominence during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.

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Technical Aid to the Commonwealth of Independent States

TACIS is an abbreviation of "Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States" programme, a foreign and technical assistance programme implemented by the European Commission to help members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (as well as Mongolia), in their transition to democratic market-oriented economies.

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Terrorist Financing Convention

The Terrorist Financing Convention (formally, the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism) is a 1999 United Nations treaty designed to criminalize acts of financing acts of terrorism.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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TRACECA

TRACECA (acronym: Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia) is an international transport programme involving the European Union and 14 member States of the Eastern European, Caucasian and Central Asian region.

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Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic

The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Transcaucasian SFSR or TSFSR), also known as the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union that existed from 1922 to 1936.

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Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

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Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations General Assembly

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; Assemblée Générale AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), the only one in which all member nations have equal representation, and the main deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the UN.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 822

United Nations Security Council resolution 822, adopted unanimously on 30 April 1993, after expressing concern at the deterioration of relations between the Armenia and Azerbaijan, and the subsequent escalation of armed hostilities and humanitarian situation in the region, the Council demanded the immediate cessation of hostilities and the immediate withdrawal of Armenian occupying forces in the Kalbajar district near Nagorno-Karabakh in Azerbaijan.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 853

In United Nations Security Council resolution 853, adopted unanimously on 29 July 1993, after reaffirming Resolution 822 (1993), the Council expressed its concern at the deteriorating relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan and condemned the seizure of the district of Agdam and other areas of Azerbaijan, demanding a complete withdrawal from the areas by Armenians.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 874

United Nations Security Council resolution 874, adopted unanimously on 14 October 1993, after reaffirming resolutions 822 (1993) and 853 (1993), the Council expressed its concern at the continuing conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan in Nagorno-Karabakh, in addition to the inviolability of international borders and the inadmissibility of the use of force for the acquisition of territory, and called upon the parties to observe the ceasefire agreed with by the Government of Russia and OSCE Minsk Group.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 884

United Nations Security Council resolution 884, adopted unanimously on 12 November 1993, after reaffirming resolutions 822 (1993), 853 (1993) and 874 (1993), the Council expressed its concern at the continuing conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan in Nagorno-Karabakh and condemned violations of the ceasefire between the parties, particularly the occupation of the Zəngilan district and city of Goradiz.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Vali Akhundov

Vali Yusif oglu Akhundov (Vəli Yusif oğlu Axundov; – 22 August 1986), also spelled as Veli Akhundov, was the 10th First Secretary of Azerbaijan Communist Party, politician and scientist.

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Vasif Talibov

Vasif Talibov (also Talybov; Talıbov Vasif Yusif oğlu, born 14 January 1960, Aralig, Nakhchivan ASSR, Azerbaijan SSR) is the current chairman of the Supreme Assembly of Nakhchivan, and regarded as the de facto authoritarian ruler of the Nakhichivan Autonomous Republic, on the Portal of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan.

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Vasili Kuznetsov (politician)

Vasili Vasilyevich Kuznetsov (Василий Васильевич Кузнецов; 5 June 1990) was a Russian Soviet politician who acting as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union from 1982 to 1983, for a second time in 1984, and for a third time in 1985.

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Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (a; born 7 October 1952) is a Russian statesman and former intelligence officer serving as President of Russia since 2012, previously holding the position from 2000 until 2008.

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Yaroslav the Wise

Yaroslav I, Grand Prince of Rus, known as Yaroslav the Wise or Iaroslav the Wise (tr; Jaroslav Mudryj; Jaroslav Mudryj; Jarizleifr Valdamarsson;; Iaroslaus Sapiens; c. 978 – 20 February 1054) was thrice grand prince of Veliky Novgorod and Kiev, uniting the two principalities for a time under his rule.

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Yuri Andropov

Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (p; – 9 February 1984) was a Soviet politician and the fourth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Zarifa Aliyeva

Zarifa Aziz gizi Aliyeva (Zərifə Əziz qızı Əliyeva; April 28, 1923 – April 15, 1985) was an Azerbaijani ophthalmologist, academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan and professor.

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25th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The 25th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 25th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 25th Congress.

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25th Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The 25th Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 25th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 25th Congress.

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26th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The 26th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 26th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 26th Congress.

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27th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The 27th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 27th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 27th Congress.

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Redirects here:

Aliyev, Heidar Ali Rza ogly, Gaidar Aliev, Gaydar Aliev, Geidar Aliev, Geidar Aliyev, Geydar Aliyev, Haydar Aliyev, Heidar Ali Rza ogly Aliyev, Heidar Aliev, Heidar Aliyev, Heydar Aliev, Heydar Alirza oglu Aliyev, Heydər Aliyev, Heydər Əlirza oğlu Əliyev, Heydər Əliyev.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heydar_Aliyev

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