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Human rights in Pakistan

Index Human rights in Pakistan

The situation of human rights in Pakistan is complex as a result of the country's diversity, large population, its status as a developing country and a sovereign, Islamic republic as well as a democracy with a mixture of both Islamic and secular laws. [1]

178 relations: Abul A'la Maududi, Acid throwing, AfPak, Afridi, Ahl-i Hadith, Ahmadiyya, Aid agency, Akbar Bugti, Amnesty International, Anti Terrorism Court of Pakistan, Apostasy in Islam, Asian Human Rights Development Organization, Azad Kashmir, Bahá'í Faith, Balochistan, Balochistan, Pakistan, BBC, Benazir Bhutto, Blasphemy, Blasphemy law in Pakistan, Bride burning, British Empire, Buddhism, Capital punishment, Catholic Church, Center for Civilians in Conflict, Central Intelligence Agency, Child labour in Pakistan, Christian, Coercion, Computerised National Identity Card, Constitution of Pakistan, Crime, Dalit, Dawn (newspaper), Demolition of the Babri Masjid, Denmark, Deobandi, Department for International Development, Developing country, Discrimination, Diya (Islam), Domestic violence, Elections in Pakistan, Electoral fraud, Fareeda Kokikhel Afridi, Federal Shariat Court, Feudalism in Pakistan, Fiqh, Forced conversion, ..., Forced disappearance in Pakistan, Forced marriage, Foreign Policy, Freedom House, Freedom of assembly, Freedom of association, Freedom of information, Freedom of religion, Freedom of speech, Freedom of the press, Freedom of thought, Friends of Democratic Pakistan, Fundamental rights, Gang rape, Geo TV, Gilgit District, Government of Pakistan, Hamid Mir, Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Hindu, Honor killing, Honour killing in Pakistan, Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, Human rights in Muslim-majority countries, Human rights in Pakistan, Human Rights in Pakistan under General Zia-ul-Haq, Human Rights Watch, Human trafficking, IFEX (organization), Imran Khan, Inter-Services Intelligence, Internally displaced person, International community, International Women's Day, Islam, Islamabad, Islamic democracy, Islamic fundamentalism, Islamic republic, Islamization, Isma'ilism, Jainism, Judiciary of Pakistan, Junaid Hafeez, Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy, Kainat Soomro, Kalash people, Karachi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Krishan Bheel, Lahore, Law enforcement in Pakistan, LGBT rights in Pakistan, Library of Congress, Library of Congress Country Studies, List of Prime Ministers of Pakistan, Malala Yousafzai, Marriage, Military coups in Pakistan, Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan), Mosque, Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's Islamization, Muharram, Mukhtar Mai, Muslim, National Assembly of Pakistan, National Commission for Minorities, Nawaz Sharif, Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, Oneindia, Osama bin Laden, Overseas Development Institute, Pakistan, Pakistan Armed Forces, Pakistan Army, Pakistani general election, 2002, Pakistani general election, 2013, Parachinar, Pogrom, Presbyterianism, Prime Minister of Pakistan, Punjab, Qisas, Quetta, Rajasthan, Ramesh Kumar Vankwani, Rape, Rape in Pakistan, Rediff.com, Religious discrimination, Reporters Without Borders, Right to keep and bear arms, Salman Rushdie, Saudi Arabia, Secularity, Sexism, Shahnaz Bukhari, Sharia, Shia Islam, Sikh, Sindh, Slavery, Sovereignty, Sufism, Sukkur, Sunni Islam, Supreme Court of Pakistan, Taipei Times, Taliban, The Hindu, The Salvation Army, The Satanic Verses, The World Factbook, United Kingdom, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Human Rights Council, United States Agency for International Development, War Against Rape, Winning hearts and minds, Women's Action Forum, Women's eNews, Women's shelter, World Food Programme, YouTube, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, 1988 Gilgit massacre, 2009 Gojra riots. Expand index (128 more) »

Abul A'la Maududi

Syed Abul A'la Maududi Chishti (ابو الاعلی مودودی – alternative spellings of last name Maudoodi, Mawdudi, also known as Abul Ala Maududi; –) was a Muslim philosopher, jurist, journalist and imam.

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Acid throwing

Acid throwing, also called an acid attack, a vitriol attack or vitriolage, is a form of violent assault defined as the act of throwing acid or a similarly corrosive substance onto the body of another "with the intention to disfigure, maim, torture, or kill".

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AfPak

AfPak (or Af-Pak) was a neologism used within U.S. foreign policy circles to designate Afghanistan and Pakistan as a single theater of operations.

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Afridi

The Afrīdī (اپريدی Aprīdai, plur. اپريدي Aprīdī; آفریدی) is a Pashtun tribe present in Pakistan, with substantial numbers in Afghanistan.

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Ahl-i Hadith

Ahl-i Hadith or Ahl-e-Hadith (اهل حدیث, اہل حدیث, people of hadith) is a religious movement that emerged in Northern India in the mid-nineteenth century from the teachings of Syed Nazeer Husain and Siddiq Hasan Khan.

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Ahmadiyya

Ahmadiyya (officially, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community or the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama'at; الجماعة الإسلامية الأحمدية, transliterated: al-Jamā'ah al-Islāmiyyah al-Aḥmadiyyah; احمدیہ مسلم جماعت) is an Islamic religious movement founded in Punjab, British India, in the late 19th century.

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Aid agency

An aid agency is an organization dedicated to distributing aid.

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Akbar Bugti

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Amnesty International

Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is a London-based non-governmental organization focused on human rights.

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Anti Terrorism Court of Pakistan

The Anti Terrorism Court (عدالت انسداد دہشتگردی, ATC) was established in Pakistan, under Nawaz Sharif's government, to deal with terrorism cases.

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Apostasy in Islam

Apostasy in Islam (ردة or ارتداد) is commonly defined as the conscious abandonment of Islam by a Muslim in word or through deed.

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Asian Human Rights Development Organization

Asian Human Rights Development Organization is established in Pakistan under section 42 of The Companies Ordinance, 1984, It is credited to be the first human rights organization registered with the federal government for nationwide operations.

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Azad Kashmir

Azad Jammu and Kashmir (آزاد جموں و کشمیر Āzād Jammū̃ o Kaśmīr, translation: Free Jammu and Kashmir), abbreviated as AJK and commonly known as Azad Kashmir, is a nominally self-governing polity administered by Pakistan.

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Bahá'í Faith

The Bahá'í Faith (بهائی) is a religion teaching the essential worth of all religions, and the unity and equality of all people.

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Balochistan

Balōchistān (بلوچستان; also Balūchistān or Balūchestān, often interpreted as the Land of the Baloch) is an arid desert and mountainous region in south-western Asia.

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Balochistan, Pakistan

Balochistan (bəloːt͡ʃɪs't̪ɑːn) (بلوچِستان), is one of the five provinces of Pakistan.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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Benazir Bhutto

Benazir Bhutto (بينظير ڀُٽو; 21 June 1953 – 27 December 2007) was a Pakistani politician who served as Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 1996.

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Blasphemy

Blasphemy is the act of insulting or showing contempt or lack of reverence to a deity, or sacred things, or toward something considered sacred or inviolable.

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Blasphemy law in Pakistan

The Pakistan Penal Code prohibits blasphemy (قانون توہین رسالت) against any recognized religion, providing penalties ranging from a fine to death.

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Bride burning

Bride burning or bride-burning is a form of domestic violence practiced in countries located on or around the Indian subcontinent.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Center for Civilians in Conflict

The Center for Civilians in Conflict (CIVIC) is a Washington, D.C. based non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO).

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Central Intelligence Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT).

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Child labour in Pakistan

Child labour in Pakistan is the employment of children for work in Pakistan, which causes them mental, physical, moral and social harm.

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Christian

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Coercion

Coercion is the practice of forcing another party to act in an involuntary manner by use of threats or force.

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Computerised National Identity Card

The Computerized National Identity Card (CNIC) is an identity card issued by Pakistan's National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA).

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Constitution of Pakistan

The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu), also known as the 1973 Constitution is the supreme law of Pakistan.

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Crime

In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority.

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Dalit

Dalit, meaning "broken/scattered" in Sanskrit and Hindi, is a term mostly used for the castes in India that have been subjected to untouchability.

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Dawn (newspaper)

DAWN is Pakistan's oldest, leading and most widely read English-language newspaper.

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Demolition of the Babri Masjid

On 6 December 1992, a large crowd of Hindu Kar Sevaks (activists) demolished the 16th-century Babri Mosque in the city of Ayodhya, in Uttar Pradesh.

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Denmark

Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.

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Deobandi

Deobandi (Pashto and دیو بندی, دیو بندی, দেওবন্দী, देवबन्दी) is a revivalist movement within Sunni (primarily Hanafi) Islam.

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Department for International Development

The Department for International Development (DFID) is a United Kingdom government department responsible for administering overseas aid.

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Developing country

A developing country (or a low and middle income country (LMIC), less developed country, less economically developed country (LEDC), underdeveloped country) is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.

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Discrimination

In human social affairs, discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a person based on the group, class, or category to which the person is perceived to belong.

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Diya (Islam)

Diya (دية; plural diyāt, ديات) in Islamic law, is the financial compensation paid to the victim or heirs of a victim in the cases of murder, bodily harm or property damage.

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Domestic violence

Domestic violence (also named domestic abuse or family violence) is violence or other abuse by one person against another in a domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation.

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Elections in Pakistan

Since its establishment in 1947, Pakistan has had an asymmetric federal government and is a federal parliamentary democratic republic.

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Electoral fraud

Electoral fraud, election manipulation, or vote rigging is illegal interference with the process of an election, whether by increasing the vote share of the favored candidate, depressing the vote share of the rival candidates, or both.

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Fareeda Kokikhel Afridi

Fareeda "Kokikhel" Afridi was a Pashtun feminist, a women's rights activist in Pakistan.

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Federal Shariat Court

The Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law.

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Feudalism in Pakistan

Feudalism in contemporary Pakistan (زمینداری نظام zamīndāri nizam) usually refers to the power and influence of large landowning families, particularly through very large estates and in more remote areas.

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Fiqh

Fiqh (فقه) is Islamic jurisprudence.

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Forced conversion

Forced conversion is adoption of a different religion or irreligion under duress.

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Forced disappearance in Pakistan

Forced disappearance in Pakistan originated during the military dictator General Pervez Musharraf (1999 to 2008).

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Forced marriage

Forced marriage is a marriage in which one or more of the parties is married without his or her consent or against his or her will.

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Foreign Policy

Foreign Policy is an American news publication, founded in 1970 and focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy.

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Freedom House

Freedom House is a U.S.-based 501(c)(3) U.S. government-funded non-governmental organization (NGO) that conducts research and advocacy on democracy, political freedom, and human rights.

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Freedom of assembly

Freedom of assembly, sometimes used interchangeably with the freedom of association, is the individual right or ability of people to come together and collectively express, promote, pursue, and defend their collective or shared ideas.

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Freedom of association

Freedom of association encompasses both an individual's right to join or leave groups voluntarily, the right of the group to take collective action to pursue the interests of its members, and the right of an association to accept or decline membership based on certain criteria.

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Freedom of information

Freedom of information is an extension of freedom of speech, a fundamental human right recognized in international law, which is today understood more generally as freedom of expression in any medium, be it orally, in writing, print, through the Internet or through art forms.

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Freedom of religion

Freedom of religion is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance without government influence or intervention.

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Freedom of speech

Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or sanction.

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Freedom of the press

Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely.

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Freedom of thought

Freedom of thought (also called freedom of conscience or ideas) is the freedom of an individual to hold or consider a fact, viewpoint, or thought, independent of others' viewpoints.

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Friends of Democratic Pakistan

Friends of Democratic Pakistan (FoDP) is a group aimed to extend support the Democratic Government of Pakistan in its efforts to consolidate democracy in Pakistan and support social and economic development in the country.

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Fundamental rights

Some universally recognized rights that are seen as fundamental, i.e., contained in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the U.N. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, or the U.N. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, include the following.

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Gang rape

Gang rape occurs when a group of people participate in the rape of a single victim.

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Geo TV

Geo TV (trademarked GEO TV) or Geo Television is a Pakistani television channel established in May 2002 and owned by the Independent Media Corporation.

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Gilgit District

Gilgit District (ضلع گلگت) is one of the districts of the Gilgit–Baltistan territory in northern Pakistan.

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Government of Pakistan

The Government of Pakistan (حکومتِ پاکستان) is a federal government established by the Constitution of Pakistan as a constituted governing authority of the four provinces of a proclaimed and established parliamentary democratic republic, constitutionally called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

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Hamid Mir

Hamid Mir (حامِد مِير) (born 23 July 1966) is a Pakistani journalist, news anchor and an author.

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Hilal-i-Imtiaz

The Hilal-i-Imtiaz (English: Crescent of Excellence; ہلال امتیاز, Hilāl-i Imtiyāz) is the second highest civilian award and honour given to both civilians and military officers of the Pakistan armed forces by the Government of Pakistan.

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Hindu

Hindu refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.

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Honor killing

An honor killing or shame killing is the murder of a member of a family, due to the perpetrators' belief that the victim has brought shame or dishonor upon the family, or has violated the principles of a community or a religion, usually for reasons such as refusing to enter an arranged marriage, being in a relationship that is disapproved by their family, having sex outside marriage, becoming the victim of rape, dressing in ways which are deemed inappropriate, engaging in non-heterosexual relations or renouncing a faith.

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Honour killing in Pakistan

Honour killings in Pakistan are known locally as karo-kari (کاروکاری).

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Human Rights Commission of Pakistan

The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (تنظیم حقوق انسانی پاکستان), or HRCP, is an independent, non-profit organisation, founded in 1987, which is not associated or with the government or any political party.Among its main aims are spreading awareness of human rights among the people,collecting information and spreading knowledge about human rights abuses, and to monitor and defend human rights in Pakistan.

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Human rights in Muslim-majority countries

Human rights in Muslim-majority countries have been a hot-button issue for many decades.

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Human rights in Pakistan

The situation of human rights in Pakistan is complex as a result of the country's diversity, large population, its status as a developing country and a sovereign, Islamic republic as well as a democracy with a mixture of both Islamic and secular laws.

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Human Rights in Pakistan under General Zia-ul-Haq

Under the government of General Zia-ul-Haq from 1977–1988, there was significant political and military repression in Pakistan.

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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Human trafficking

Human trafficking is the trade of humans for the purpose of forced labour, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others.

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IFEX (organization)

IFEX, formerly the International Freedom of Expression Exchange, is a global network of over 119 independent non-governmental organisations working at the local, national, regional and international level to defend and promote freedom of expression as a fundamental human right.

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Imran Khan

Imran Ahmad Khan Niazi PP, HI (born 5 October 1952) is the Chairman of Pakistan Movement of Justice and the candidate for the Prime Minister of Pakistan in the upcoming Pakistani general election, 2018.

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Inter-Services Intelligence

The Inter-Services Intelligence (بین الخدماتی مخابرات, abbreviated as ISI) is the premier intelligence agency of Pakistan, operationally responsible for gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world.

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Internally displaced person

An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country's borders.

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International community

The international community is a phrase used in geopolitics and international relations to refer to a broad group of people and governments of the world.

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International Women's Day

International Women's Day (IWD) is celebrated on March 8 every year.

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Islamabad

Islamabad (اسلام آباد) is the capital city of Pakistan located within the federal Islamabad Capital Territory.

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Islamic democracy

Islamic democracy is a political ideology that seeks to apply Islamic principles to public policy within a democratic framework.

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Islamic fundamentalism

Islamic fundamentalism has been defined as a movement of Muslims who think back to earlier times and seek to return to the fundamentals of the religion and live similarly to how the prophet Muhammad and his companions lived.

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Islamic republic

An Islamic republic is the name given to several states that are officially ruled by Islamic laws, including the Islamic Republics of Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, and Mauritania.

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Islamization

Islamization (also spelled Islamisation, see spelling differences; أسلمة), Islamicization or Islamification is the process of a society's shift towards Islam, such as found in Sudan, Pakistan, Iran, Malaysia, or Algeria.

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Isma'ilism

Ismāʿīlism (الإسماعيلية al-Ismāʿīliyya; اسماعیلیان; اسماعيلي; Esmāʿīliyān) is a branch of Shia Islam.

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Jainism

Jainism, traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.

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Judiciary of Pakistan

The judiciary of Pakistan (پاکستان کا عدلیہ) is a hierarchical system with two classes of courts: the superior (or higher) judiciary and the subordinate (or lower) judiciary.

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Junaid Hafeez

Junaid Hafeez is a former Visiting Lecturer of English accused of blasphemy under Pakistan's broad blasphemy laws which can carry with it a sentence of death.

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Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy

The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy (or Muhammad cartoons crisis) (Danish: Muhammedkrisen) began after the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published 12 editorial cartoons on 30 September 2005, most of which depicted Muhammad, a principal figure of the religion of Islam.

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Kainat Soomro

Kainat Soomro (ڪائنات سومرو) (born May 2, 1993 in Mehar, Pakistan) is a Pakistani woman whose struggle to obtain justice for her gang rape at the age of 13 drew international attention.

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Kalash people

The Kalasha (Kalasha: Kaĺaśa; Nuristani: Kasivo; کالاش), or Kalash, are a Dardic indigenous people residing in the Chitral District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. They speak the Kalasha language, from the Dardic family of the Indo-Aryan branch. They are considered unique among the peoples of Pakistan. They are also considered to be Pakistan's smallest ethnoreligious community, practising a religion which some scholars characterise as a form of animism, and other academics as "a form of ancient Hinduism". The neighbouring Nuristani people of the adjacent Nuristan (historically known as Kafiristan) province of Afghanistan once practised the faith adhered to by the Kalash. By the late 19th century, much of Nuristan had been converted to Islam, although some evidence has shown the people continued to practice their customs. Over the years, the Nuristan region has also been the site of much war activity that has led to the death of many endemic Nuristanis and has seen an inflow of surrounding Afghans to claim the vacant region, who have since admixed with the remaining natives. The Kalash of Chitral maintained their own separate cultural traditions.Newby, Eric. A Short Walk in the Hindu Kush. 2008.

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Karachi

Karachi (کراچی; ALA-LC:,; ڪراچي) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh.

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Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (abbreviated as KP; خیبر پختونخوا; خیبر پښتونخوا) is one of the four administrative provinces of Pakistan, located in the northwestern region of the country along the international border with Afghanistan.

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Krishan Bheel

Krishan Bheel (Urdu: کرشن بھیل) (born in 1968) is a Pakistani politician.

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Lahore

Lahore (لاہور, لہور) is the capital city of the Pakistani province of Punjab, and is the country’s second-most populous city after Karachi.

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Law enforcement in Pakistan

Law enforcement in Pakistan (قانون نافذ کرنے والے ادارے) is one of the three main components of the criminal justice system of Pakistan, alongside the courts and the prisons.

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LGBT rights in Pakistan

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights in Pakistan are considered taboo.

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Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States.

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Library of Congress Country Studies

The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the United States Library of Congress, freely available for use by researchers.

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List of Prime Ministers of Pakistan

The Prime Minister of Pakistan (وزِیرِ اعظم —,; Turkish lit. "Grand Vizier"), is the popularly elected politician who is the chief executive of the Government of Pakistan.

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Malala Yousafzai

Malala Yousafzai (Malālah Yūsafzay: ملالہ یوسفزئی; ملاله یوسفزۍ; born 12 July 1997) is a Pakistani activist for female education and the youngest Nobel Prize laureate.

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Marriage

Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).

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Military coups in Pakistan

Military coups in Pakistan began in 1958 and there have been three successful attempts.

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Ministry of Human Rights (Pakistan)

The Ministry of Human Rights (وزارت انسانی حقوق, abbreviated as MoHR) is a federal government agency in Pakistan.

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Mosque

A mosque (from masjid) is a place of worship for Muslims.

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Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq

Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (12 August 1924 – 17 August 1988) was a Pakistani four-star general who served as the 6th President of Pakistan from 1978 until his death in 1988, after declaring martial law in 1977.

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Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's Islamization

"Sharization" or "Islamisation" (محمد ضیاء الحق کی اسلامی حکمرانی) was the "primary" policy, or "centerpiece" of the government of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, the ruler of Pakistan from 1977 until his death in 1988.

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Muharram

Muḥarram (مُحَرَّم) is the first month of the Islamic calendar.

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Mukhtar Mai

Mukhtaran Bibi (Punjabi, مختاراں بی بی, born c. 1972,Kristof, N & Wudunn, S, (2009), "Half The Sky", Virago now known as Mukhtār Mā'ī, مختار مائی) is a Pakistani woman from the village of Meerwala, in the rural tehsil (county) of Jatoi of the Muzaffargarh District of Pakistan.

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Muslim

A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.

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National Assembly of Pakistan

Qaumi Assembly Pakistan (قومی اسمبلئ پاکستان or National Assembly of Pakistan (ایوانِ زیریں پاکستان) is the lower house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also comprises the President of Pakistan and Aiwan-e Bala (upper house). The Qaumi Assembly and the Aiwan-e Bala both convene at Parliament House in Islamabad. The National Assembly is a democratically elected body consisting of a total of 342 members who are referred to as Members of the National Assembly (MNAs), of which 272 are directly elected members and 70 reserved seats for women and religious minorities. A political party must secure 172 seats to obtain and preserve a majority. Members are elected through the first-past-the-post system under universal adult suffrage, representing electoral districts known as National Assembly constituencies. According to the constitution, the 70 seats reserved for women and religious minorities are allocated to the political parties according to their proportional representation. Each National Assembly is formed for a five-year term, commencing from the date of the first sitting, after which it is automatically dissolved. Currently the National Assembly can not be dissolved by the President of Pakistan, it is dissolved by the Prime Minister of Pakistan. Election for 13th National Assembly was held on 18 February 2008. On March 17, 2013 13th National Assembly was dissolved on completion of its five-year term under Article 52 of the Constitution. Pakistani general election, 2013 (for the 14th National Assembly) was held on May 11, 2013. Members of 14th National Assembly took oath on June 1, 2013. The 14th National Assembly dissolved on 31 May 2018 after completing its 5 year term.

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National Commission for Minorities

Constitution of India doesn't define the word 'Minority' but has used the word minorities considering two attributes religion or language of a person.

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Nawaz Sharif

Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu/میاں محمد نواز شریف, born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani business magnate and former politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan for three non-consecutive terms, all of the three terms were unsuccessful.

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Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance

The Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) is an organizational unit within the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) that is charged by the President of the United States with directing and coordinating international United States government disaster assistance.

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Oneindia

Oneindia.com is an Indian online portal founded by BG Mahesh & Sriram Hebbar, owned by Greynium Information Technologies Pvt Ltd.

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Osama bin Laden

Usama ibn Mohammed ibn Awad ibn Ladin (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن), often anglicized as Osama bin Laden (March 10, 1957 – May 2, 2011), was a founder of, the organization responsible for the September 11 attacks in the United States and many other mass-casualty attacks worldwide.

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Overseas Development Institute

The Overseas Development Institute (ODI) is an independent think tank on international development and humanitarian issues, founded in 1960.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Pakistan Armed Forces

The Pakistan Armed Forces (پاکستان مُسَلّح افواج, Pākistān Musallah Afwāj) are the military forces of Pakistan.

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Pakistan Army

Pakistan Army (پاک فوج Pak Fauj (IPA: pɑk fɒ~ɔd͡ʒ); Reporting name: PA) is the land-based force of the Pakistan Armed Forces.

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Pakistani general election, 2002

General elections were held in Pakistan on 10 October 2002 to elect the National Assembly of Pakistan and the provincial assemblies.

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Pakistani general election, 2013

General elections were held in Pakistan on 11 May 2013 to elect the members of the 14th National Assembly and to the four provincial assemblies of Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

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Parachinar

Pāṛachinār (پاڑه چنار; پاڑه چنار), formerly called Tutki, is the a city in Kurram Agency of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Pogrom

The term pogrom has multiple meanings, ascribed most often to the deliberate persecution of an ethnic or religious group either approved or condoned by the local authorities.

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Presbyterianism

Presbyterianism is a part of the reformed tradition within Protestantism which traces its origins to Britain, particularly Scotland, and Ireland.

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Prime Minister of Pakistan

The Prime Minister of Pakistan (وزِیرِ اعظم —,; lit. "Grand Vizier") is the head of government of Pakistan and designated as the "chief executive of the Republic".

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Punjab

The Punjab, also spelled Panjab (land of "five rivers"; Punjabi: پنجاب (Shahmukhi); ਪੰਜਾਬ (Gurumukhi); Πενταποταμία, Pentapotamia) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India.

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Qisas

Qiṣāṣ (قصاص) is an Islamic term meaning "retaliation in kind" or "revenge",Mohamed S. El-Awa (1993), Punishment In Islamic Law, American Trust Publications, "eye for an eye", "nemesis" or retributive justice.

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Quetta

Quetta (کوټه; کویته; کوٹه; کوئٹہ) is the provincial capital and largest city of Balochistan, Pakistan.

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Rajasthan

Rajasthan (literally, "Land of Kings") is India's largest state by area (or 10.4% of India's total area).

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Ramesh Kumar Vankwani

Ramesh Kumar Vankwani is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan, from June 2013 to May 2018.

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Rape

Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without that person's consent.

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Rape in Pakistan

Rape in Pakistan came to international attention after the politically sanctioned rape of Mukhtaran Bibi.

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Rediff.com

Rediff.com is an Indian news, information, entertainment and shopping web portal, founded in 1996 as "Rediff On The NeT".

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Religious discrimination

Religious discrimination is treating a person or group differently because of the beliefs they hold about a religion.

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Reporters Without Borders

Reporters Without Borders (RWB), or Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF), is an international non-profit, non-governmental organization that promotes and defends freedom of information and freedom of the press.

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Right to keep and bear arms

The right to keep and bear arms (often referred to as the right to bear arms) is the people's right to possess weapons (arms) for their own defense, as described in the philosophical and political writings of Aristotle, Cicero, John Locke, Machiavelli, the English Whigs and others.

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Salman Rushdie

Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie (born 19 June 1947) is a British Indian novelist and essayist.

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Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Secularity

Secularity (adjective form secular, from Latin saeculum meaning "worldly", "of a generation", "temporal", or a span of about 100 years) is the state of being separate from religion, or of not being exclusively allied with or against any particular religion.

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Sexism

Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on a person's sex or gender.

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Shahnaz Bukhari

Shahnaz Bukhari (or Bokhari) is a Pakistani clinical psychologist and women's rights activist.

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Sharia

Sharia, Sharia law, or Islamic law (شريعة) is the religious law forming part of the Islamic tradition.

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Shia Islam

Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.

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Sikh

A Sikh (ਸਿੱਖ) is a person associated with Sikhism, a monotheistic religion that originated in the 15th century based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.

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Sindh

Sindh (سنڌ; سِندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan, in the southeast of the country.

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Slavery

Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a de jure form of property.

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Sovereignty

Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies.

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Sufism

Sufism, or Taṣawwuf (personal noun: ṣūfiyy / ṣūfī, mutaṣawwuf), variously defined as "Islamic mysticism",Martin Lings, What is Sufism? (Lahore: Suhail Academy, 2005; first imp. 1983, second imp. 1999), p.15 "the inward dimension of Islam" or "the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam",Massington, L., Radtke, B., Chittick, W. C., Jong, F. de, Lewisohn, L., Zarcone, Th., Ernst, C, Aubin, Françoise and J.O. Hunwick, “Taṣawwuf”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, edited by: P. Bearman, Th.

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Sukkur

Sukkur is a city in the Pakistani province of Sindh along the western bank of the Indus River, directly across from the historic city of Rohri.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.

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Supreme Court of Pakistan

The Supreme Court of Pakistan (عدالت عظمیٰ پاکستان; Adālat-e-Uzma Pākistān) is the apex court in the judicial hierarchy of Pakistan.

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Taipei Times

The Taipei Times is the only printed daily English-language newspaper in Taiwan and the third to be established in the nation.

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Taliban

The Taliban (طالبان "students"), alternatively spelled Taleban, which refers to itself as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA), is a Sunni Islamic fundamentalist political movement in Afghanistan currently waging war (an insurgency, or jihad) within that country.

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The Hindu

The Hindu is an Indian daily newspaper, headquartered at Chennai.

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The Salvation Army

The Salvation Army is a Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation structured in a quasi-military fashion.

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The Satanic Verses

The Satanic Verses is Salman Rushdie's fourth novel, first published in 1988 and inspired in part by the life of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam.

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The World Factbook

The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Nations Development Programme

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the United Nations' global development network.

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United Nations Human Rights Council

The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) is a United Nations body whose mission is to promote and protect human rights around the world.

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United States Agency for International Development

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance.

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War Against Rape

War Against Rape (WAR) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) based in Karachi and founded in 1989.

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Winning hearts and minds

Winning hearts and minds is a concept occasionally expressed in the resolution of war, insurgency, and other conflicts, in which one side seeks to prevail not by the use of superior force, but by making emotional or intellectual appeals to sway supporters of the other side.

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Women's Action Forum

Women’s Action Forum (WAF) is a women's rights organization in Pakistan.

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Women's eNews

Women's eNews is a nonprofit online news service based in New York City.

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Women's shelter

A women's shelter, also known as a women's refuge and battered women's shelter, is a place of temporary protection and support for women escaping domestic violence and intimate partner violence of all forms.

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World Food Programme

The World Food Programme (WFP) is the food-assistance branch of the United Nations and the world's largest humanitarian organization addressing hunger and promoting food security.

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YouTube

YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.

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Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979) was a Pakistani politician who served as the 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that as the 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973.

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1988 Gilgit massacre

In 1988 a revolt by the Shias of Gilgit Baltistan (northern region of Pakistan) was ruthlessly suppressed by the Zia-ul Haq regime.

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2009 Gojra riots

The 2009 Gojra riots were a series of attacks targeting Christians in Gojra town in Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Discrimination against religious minorities in Pakistan, Forced conversions in Pakistan, Human rights abuses in Pakistan, Human rights in pakistan, Pakistan - Human Rights, Persecution of religious minorities in Pakistan, Political freedom in Pakistan, Violence against women in Pakistan.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_Pakistan

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