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Invasive species

Index Invasive species

An invasive species is a species that is not native to a specific location (an introduced species), and that has a tendency to spread to a degree believed to cause damage to the environment, human economy or human health. [1]

265 relations: Abiotic component, Aegilops triuncialis, Agricultural Research Service, Allelopathy, Alliaria petiolata, American chestnut, Amethyst gem clam, Anaerobic digestion, Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Apple, Applied ecology, Aquaculture, Asian carp in North America, Asian long-horned beetle, Auckland, Australia, Bacopa monnieri, Ballast water discharge and the environment, Beaver eradication in Tierra del Fuego, Benthic zone, Biodiversity, Biodiversity loss, Bioenergy, Biogeography, Biological dispersal, Biomass, Bioregion, Black rat, Black Sea, Black swan, Black-winged stilt, Blue wildebeest, Bodega Bay, Bromus tectorum, Brown rat, Brown tree snake, Bryophyllum daigremontianum, Bubonic plague, Calcium, California, California Native Plant Society, Carcinus maenas, Caribbean monk seal, Carp, Caspian Sea, Cat, Centaurea diffusa, Centaurea solstitialis, Charles Sutherland Elton, Chesapeake Bay, ..., Chestnut blight, Chinese mitten crab, Cholera, Christmas tree, Citrus greening disease, Clemson University, Cockatoo, Common brushtail possum, Common carp, Common coquí, Competition (biology), Connecticut, Conservation biology, Cortaderia jubata, Coyote, Cucurbitaceae, Daughterless Carp Project, Deer, Defensible space (fire control), Detritus, Diaphorina citri, Dodo, Dutch elm disease, Dynamic accumulator, Dynastinae, Eastern Europe, Ecological competence, Ecological Economics (journal), Ecological facilitation, Ecological niche, Ecological Society of America, Ecology, Ecology Letters, Ecosynthesis, Ecosystem, Ecosystem services, Edge effects, Eichhornia crassipes, Euphorbia esula, Europe, European rabbit, Extinction, Filter feeder, Fitness (biology), Fodder, Forb, Forest ecology, Fresh water, Gene, Gene flow, Generalist and specialist species, Genetic pollution, Genotype, Geography, Giraffe, Global Invasive Species Information Network, Globalization, Glossary of invasion biology terms, Goldfish, Grain, Grassland, Gray squirrel, Great Lakes, Guam, Habitat, Harmful algal bloom, Hawaii, Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project, Heavy metals, Hemlock woolly adelgid, Herbivore, Hercules beetle, HIV, Horticulture, Hybrid (biology), Impala, Indigenous (ecology), Indigenous peoples of the Americas, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Interplanetary contamination, Introduced mammals on seabird breeding islands, Introduced species, Introgression, Invader potential, Invasive earthworms of North America, Invasive species in Australia, Invasive species in Japan, Invasive species in Mexico, Invasive species in South America, Invasive species in the United States, Invertebrate, Island restoration, John Wiley & Sons, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Katipo, Koedoe, Kudu, Kudzu, Lampropholis delicata, Lasioglossum leucozonium, List of California native plants, List of globally invasive species, List of introduced species, Lists of invasive species, Magnesium, Malaria, Marine Ecology Progress Series, Microorganism, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Mink, Miya's, Mollusca, Morphology (biology), Mute swan, Myriophyllum spicatum, Myxomatosis, Naturalisation (biology), Neophyte (botany), Neotropical Ichthyology, New Haven, Connecticut, New Zealand, Nile tilapia, Nitrogen, North America, Northeastern United States, Noxious weed, Nutrient, Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters, Paragonimus westermani, Passenger pigeon, Pest (organism), Pet food, Phalacrognathus muelleri, Pheromone trap, Phosphorus, Pinus radiata, Plant community, Poaceae, Polynesian rat, Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas, Predation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Proceedings of the Royal Society, Propagule, Propagule pressure, Pterois, Pueraria montana, Quarantine, Rabbit, Rail (bird), Rainbow lorikeet, Range (biology), Red wolf, Redback spider, Reproduction, Restoration ecology, Rodent, Rubus, Sailing ballast, Saint Lawrence Seaway, Sea lamprey, Sea of Azov, Serpentine soil, Silver carp, Smallpox, Smuggling Interdiction and Trade Compliance, South Georgia Island, Sparrow, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina foliosa, Spatial scale, Species, Species diversity, Stapelia gigantea, Synanthrope, Tamarix, Taproot, Taxon, Terrestrial plant, The Baltimore Sun, The Naked Scientists, Tsetse fly, Tsuga, Typhus, Ulex, Ulmus americana, Unilateralism, United Kingdom, United States Department of Agriculture, United States dollar, United States Forest Service, United States National Agricultural Library, Varroa destructor, Vector (epidemiology), Vibrio cholerae, Virus, Waitakere Ranges, Water hyacinth in Lake Victoria, Waterberg Biosphere, West Coast of the United States, West Nile virus, Western honey bee, Western United States, White rhinoceros, White-tailed spider, Wilderness, Wildfire, Wildland–urban interface, Wildlife trade, World Resources Institute, Yellow fever, Zebra mussel, Zero-sum game, 8-Hydroxyquinoline. Expand index (215 more) »

Abiotic component

In biology and ecology, abiotic components or abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems.

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Aegilops triuncialis

Aegilops triuncialis, or barbed goatgrass, is a winter annual grass species of the Poaceae family.

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Agricultural Research Service

The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is the principal in-house research agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).

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Allelopathy

Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the germination, growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms.

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Alliaria petiolata

Alliaria petiolata is a biennial flowering plant in the mustard family, Brassicaceae.

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American chestnut

The American chestnut (Castanea dentata) is a large, monoecious deciduous tree of the beech family native to eastern North America.

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Amethyst gem clam

The amethyst gem clam, Gemma gemma, is species of very small saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Veneridae, the Venus clams.

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Anaerobic digestion

Anaerobic digestion is a collection of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen.

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Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics

The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics is an annual scientific journal published by Annual Reviews.

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Apple

An apple is a sweet, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus pumila).

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Applied ecology

Applied ecology is a subfield within ecology, which considers the application of the science of ecology to real-world (usually management) questions.

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Aquaculture

Aquaculture (less commonly spelled aquiculture), also known as aquafarming, is the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other organisms.

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Asian carp in North America

Introduced Asian carp in North America pose a major threat to the ecology, environment, economy, and way of life in the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada.

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Asian long-horned beetle

The Asian long-horned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), also known as the starry sky, sky beetle, or ALB, is native to eastern China, Japan, and Korea.

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Auckland

Auckland is a city in New Zealand's North Island.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Bacopa monnieri

Bacopa monnieri (waterhyssop, brahmi, thyme-leafed gratiola, water hyssop, herb of grace, Indian pennywort) is a perennial, creeping herb native to the wetlands of southern and Eastern India, Australia, Europe, Africa, Asia, and North and South America.

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Ballast water discharge and the environment

Ballast water discharges by ships can have a negative impact on the marine environment.

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Beaver eradication in Tierra del Fuego

The eradication of the North American beaver in Tierra del Fuego is being attempted by the governments of Chile and Argentina in this area at the southernmost tip of South America.

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Benthic zone

The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean or a lake, including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers.

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Biodiversity

Biodiversity, a portmanteau of biological (life) and diversity, generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth.

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Biodiversity loss

Loss of biodiversity or biodiversity loss is the extinction of species (human, plant or animal) worldwide, and also the local reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat.

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Bioenergy

Bioenergy is renewable energy made available from materials derived from biological sources.

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Biogeography

Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time.

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Biological dispersal

Biological dispersal refers to both the movement of individuals (animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, etc.) from their birth site to their breeding site ('natal dispersal'), as well as the movement from one breeding site to another ('breeding dispersal').

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Biomass

Biomass is an industry term for getting energy by burning wood, and other organic matter.

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Bioregion

A bioregion is an ecologically and geographically defined area that is smaller than an ecozone, but larger than an ecoregion or an ecosystem, in WWF classification scheme.

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Black rat

The black rat (Rattus rattus), also known as the ship rat, roof rat, house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the genus Rattus (rats) in the subfamily Murinae.

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Black Sea

The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia.

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Black swan

The black swan (Cygnus atratus) is a large waterbird, a species of swan which breeds mainly in the southeast and southwest regions of Australia.

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Black-winged stilt

The black-winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus) is a widely distributed very long-legged wader in the avocet and stilt family (Recurvirostridae).

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Blue wildebeest

The blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), also called the common wildebeest, white-bearded wildebeest or brindled gnu, is a large antelope and one of the two species of wildebeest.

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Bodega Bay

Bodega Bay is a shallow, rocky inlet of the Pacific Ocean on the coast of northern California in the United States.

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Bromus tectorum

Bromus tectorum, known as drooping brome or cheatgrass, is a winter annual grass native to Europe, southwestern Asia, and northern Africa, but has become invasive in many other areas.

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Brown rat

The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat, Parisian rat or wharf rat, is one of the best known and most common rats.

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Brown tree snake

The brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) is an arboreal rear-fanged colubrid snake native to eastern and northern coastal Australia, eastern Indonesia (Sulawesi to Papua), Papua New Guinea, and a large number of islands in northwestern Melanesia.

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Bryophyllum daigremontianum

Bryophyllum daigremontianum, commonly called devil’s backbone, mother of thousands, alligator plant, or Mexican hat plant is a succulent plant native to Madagascar.

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Bubonic plague

Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by bacterium Yersinia pestis.

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Calcium

Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

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California

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.

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California Native Plant Society

The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) is a California environmental non-profit organization (501(c)3) that seeks to increase understanding of California's native flora and to preserve it for future generations.

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Carcinus maenas

Carcinus maenas is a common littoral crab.

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Caribbean monk seal

The Caribbean monk seal, West Indian seal or sea wolf (as early explorers referred to it), Neomonachus tropicalis, was a species of seal native to the Caribbean and is now believed to be extinct.

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Carp

Carp are various species of oily freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large group of fish native to Europe and Asia.

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Caspian Sea

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.

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Cat

The domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus or Felis catus) is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.

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Centaurea diffusa

Centaurea diffusa, also known as diffuse knapweed, white knapweed or tumble knapweed, is a member of the genus Centaurea in the family Asteraceae.

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Centaurea solstitialis

Centaurea solstitialis, yellow star-thistle, is a member of the family Asteraceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin region.

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Charles Sutherland Elton

Charles Sutherland Elton (29 March 1900 – 1 May 1991) was an English zoologist and animal ecologist.

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Chesapeake Bay

The Chesapeake Bay is an estuary in the U.S. states of Maryland and Virginia.

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Chestnut blight

The pathogenic fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (formerly Endothia parasitica) is a member of the Ascomycota (sac fungi) taxon.

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Chinese mitten crab

The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis; Chinese: t 大閘蟹, s 大闸蟹, p dàzháxiè, "big sluice crab"), also known as the Shanghai hairy crab (上海毛蟹, p Shànghǎi máoxiè), is a medium-sized burrowing crab that is named for its furry claws, which resemble mittens.

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Cholera

Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.

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Christmas tree

A Christmas tree is a decorated tree, usually an evergreen conifer such as spruce, pine, or fir or an artificial tree of similar appearance, associated with the celebration of Christmas.

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Citrus greening disease

Citrus greening disease (or HLB), is a disease of citrus caused by a vector-transmitted pathogen.

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Clemson University

Clemson University is an American public, coeducational, land-grant and sea-grant research university in Clemson, South Carolina.

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Cockatoo

A cockatoo is a parrot that is any of the 21 species belonging to the bird family Cacatuidae, the only family in the superfamily Cacatuoidea.

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Common brushtail possum

The common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula, from the Greek for "furry tailed" and the Latin for "little fox", previously in the genus Phalangista) is a nocturnal, semi-arboreal marsupial of the family Phalangeridae, it is native to Australia, and the second largest of the possums.

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Common carp

The common carp or European carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a widespread freshwater fish of eutrophic waters in lakes and large rivers in Europe and Asia.

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Common coquí

The common coquí or coquí (Eleutherodactylus coqui) is a frog endemic to Puerto Rico belonging to the family Eleutherodactylidae.

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Competition (biology)

Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which both the organisms or species are harmed.

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Connecticut

Connecticut is the southernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Conservation biology

Conservation biology is the management of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions.

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Cortaderia jubata

Cortaderia jubata is a species of grass known by several common names, including purple pampas grass and Andean pampas grass.

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Coyote

The coyote (Canis latrans); from Nahuatl) is a canine native to North America. It is smaller than its close relative, the gray wolf, and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf. It fills much of the same ecological niche as the golden jackal does in Eurasia, though it is larger and more predatory, and is sometimes called the American jackal by zoologists. The coyote is listed as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to its wide distribution and abundance throughout North America, southwards through Mexico, and into Central America. The species is versatile, able to adapt to and expand into environments modified by humans. It is enlarging its range, with coyotes moving into urban areas in the Eastern U.S., and was sighted in eastern Panama (across the Panama Canal from their home range) for the first time in 2013., 19 coyote subspecies are recognized. The average male weighs and the average female. Their fur color is predominantly light gray and red or fulvous interspersed with black and white, though it varies somewhat with geography. It is highly flexible in social organization, living either in a family unit or in loosely knit packs of unrelated individuals. It has a varied diet consisting primarily of animal meat, including deer, rabbits, hares, rodents, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates, though it may also eat fruits and vegetables on occasion. Its characteristic vocalization is a howl made by solitary individuals. Humans are the coyote's greatest threat, followed by cougars and gray wolves. In spite of this, coyotes sometimes mate with gray, eastern, or red wolves, producing "coywolf" hybrids. In the northeastern United States and eastern Canada, the eastern coyote (a larger subspecies, though still smaller than wolves) is the result of various historical and recent matings with various types of wolves. Genetic studies show that most North American wolves contain some level of coyote DNA. The coyote is a prominent character in Native American folklore, mainly in the Southwestern United States and Mexico, usually depicted as a trickster that alternately assumes the form of an actual coyote or a man. As with other trickster figures, the coyote uses deception and humor to rebel against social conventions. The animal was especially respected in Mesoamerican cosmology as a symbol of military might. After the European colonization of the Americas, it was reviled in Anglo-American culture as a cowardly and untrustworthy animal. Unlike wolves (gray, eastern, or red), which have undergone an improvement of their public image, attitudes towards the coyote remain largely negative.

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Cucurbitaceae

The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits and the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, the most important of which are.

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Daughterless Carp Project

The Daughterless Carp Project is scientific project that is seeking to develop an eradication technique for carp.

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Deer

Deer (singular and plural) are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae.

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Defensible space (fire control)

Defensible Space, (sometimes called 'firescaping'), in the context of fire control, is a natural and/or landscaped area, around a structure, that has been maintained and designed to reduce fire danger.

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Detritus

In biology, detritus is dead particulate organic material (as opposed to dissolved organic material).

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Diaphorina citri

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is a sap-sucking, hemipteran bug in the family Psyllidae.

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Dodo

The dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean.

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Dutch elm disease

Dutch elm disease (DED) is caused by a member of the sac fungi (Ascomycota) affecting elm trees, and is spread by elm bark beetles.

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Dynamic accumulator

Dynamic accumulators is a term used in the permaculture and organic farming literature to indicate plants that gather certain minerals or nutrients from the soil and store them in a more bioavailable form and in high concentration in their tissues, then used as fertilizer or just to improve the mulch.

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Dynastinae

Dynastinae or rhinoceros beetles are a subfamily of the scarab beetle family (Scarabaeidae).

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

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Ecological competence

Ecological competence is the ability of an organism, often a pathogen, to survive and compete in new habitats.

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Ecological Economics (journal)

Ecological Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Elsevier on behalf of the International Society for Ecological Economics.

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Ecological facilitation

Ecological facilitation or probiosis describes species interactions that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither.

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Ecological niche

In ecology, a niche (CanE, or) is the fit of a species living under specific environmental conditions.

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Ecological Society of America

The Ecological Society of America (ESA) is a professional organization of ecological scientists.

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Ecology

Ecology (from οἶκος, "house", or "environment"; -λογία, "study of") is the branch of biology which studies the interactions among organisms and their environment.

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Ecology Letters

Ecology Letters is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Wiley-Blackwell and the French National Centre for Scientific Research.

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Ecosynthesis

Ecosynthesis is the use of introduced species to fill niches in a disrupted environment, with the aim of increasing the speed of ecological restoration.

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Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a community made up of living organisms and nonliving components such as air, water, and mineral soil.

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Ecosystem services

Ecosystem services are the many and varied benefits that humans freely gain from the natural environment and from properly-functioning ecosystems.

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Edge effects

In ecology, edge effects are changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two or more habitats.

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Eichhornia crassipes

Eichhornia crassipes, commonly known as common water hyacinth, is an aquatic plant native to the Amazon basin, and is often a highly problematic invasive species outside its native range.

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Euphorbia esula

Euphorbia esula, commonly known as green spurge or leafy spurge, is a species of spurge native to central and southern Europe (north to England, the Netherlands, and Germany), and eastward through most of Asia north of the Himalaya to Korea and eastern Siberia.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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European rabbit

The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) or coney is a species of rabbit native to southwestern Europe (including Spain, Portugal and Western France) and to northwest Africa (including Morocco and Algeria).

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Extinction

In biology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.

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Filter feeder

Filter feeders are a sub-group of suspension feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure.

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Fitness (biology)

Fitness (often denoted w or ω in population genetics models) is the quantitative representation of natural and sexual selection within evolutionary biology.

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Fodder

Fodder, a type of animal feed, is any agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs.

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Forb

A forb (sometimes spelled phorb) is an herbaceous flowering plant that is not a graminoid (grasses, sedges and rushes).

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Forest ecology

Forest ecology is the scientific study of the interrelated patterns, processes, flora, fauna and ecosystems in forests.

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Fresh water

Fresh water (or freshwater) is any naturally occurring water except seawater and brackish water.

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Gene

In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.

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Gene flow

In population genetics, gene flow (also known as gene migration or allele flow) is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another.

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Generalist and specialist species

A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet).

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Genetic pollution

Genetic pollution is a controversial term for uncontrolled gene flow into wild populations.

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Genotype

The genotype is the part of the genetic makeup of a cell, and therefore of an organism or individual, which determines one of its characteristics (phenotype).

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Geography

Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία, geographia, literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth.

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Giraffe

The giraffe (Giraffa) is a genus of African even-toed ungulate mammals, the tallest living terrestrial animals and the largest ruminants.

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Global Invasive Species Information Network

The Global Invasive Species Information Network (GISIN) is a web-based network of data providers including government, non-government, non-profit, educational, and other organizations that agree to work together to provide increased access to data and information on invasive species around the world.

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Globalization

Globalization or globalisation is the process of interaction and integration between people, companies, and governments worldwide.

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Glossary of invasion biology terms

The need for a clearly defined and consistent invasion biology terminology has been acknowledged by many sources.

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Goldfish

The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is a freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae of order Cypriniformes.

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Grain

A grain is a small, hard, dry seed, with or without an attached hull or fruit layer, harvested for human or animal consumption.

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Grassland

Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (Poaceae); however, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) families can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes, like clover, and other herbs.

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Gray squirrel

Gray squirrel' may refer to several species of squirrel indigenous to North America.

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Great Lakes

The Great Lakes (les Grands-Lacs), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.

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Guam

Guam (Chamorro: Guåhån) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States in Micronesia in the western Pacific Ocean.

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Habitat

In ecology, a habitat is the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives.

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Harmful algal bloom

A harmful algal bloom (HAB) are organisms that can severely lower oxygen levels in natural waters, killing marine life.

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Hawaii

Hawaii (Hawaii) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States, having received statehood on August 21, 1959.

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Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project

The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR) is a government-funded project created to provide technology, methods, and information to decision-makers, resource managers, and the general public to help support effective science-based management of harmful non-native species (invasive species) in Hawaii and the Pacific Rim.

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Heavy metals

Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers.

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Hemlock woolly adelgid

Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae), or HWA, is member of the Sternorrhyncha suborder of the order Hemiptera and native to East Asia.

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Herbivore

A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage, for the main component of its diet.

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Hercules beetle

The Hercules beetle (Dynastes hercules, Dynastinae) is a species of rhinoceros beetle native to the rainforests of Central America, South America, and the Lesser Antilles, and is the longest extant species of beetle in the world, and is also one of the largest flying insects in the world.

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HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

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Horticulture

Horticulture is the science and art of growing plants (fruits, vegetables, flowers, and any other cultivar).

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Hybrid (biology)

In biology, a hybrid, or crossbreed, is the result of combining the qualities of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction.

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Impala

The impala; (Aepyceros melampus) is a medium-sized antelope found in eastern and southern Africa.

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Indigenous (ecology)

In biogeography, a species is defined as indigenous to a given region or ecosystem if its presence in that region is the result of only natural process, with no human intervention.

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Indigenous peoples of the Americas

The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.

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Interplanetary contamination

Interplanetary contamination refers to biological contamination of a planetary body by a space probe or spacecraft, either deliberate or unintentional.

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Introduced mammals on seabird breeding islands

Seabirds include some of the most threatened taxa anywhere in the world.

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Introduced species

An introduced species (alien species, exotic species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species) is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental.

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Introgression

Introgression, also known as introgressive hybridization, in genetics is the movement of a gene (gene flow) from one species into the gene pool of another by the repeated backcrossing of an interspecific hybrid with one of its parent species.

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Invader potential

In conservation biology, invader potential is the qualitative and quantitative measure of a given invasive species probability to invade a given ecosystem.

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Invasive earthworms of North America

Invasive species of earthworms from the suborder Lumbricina have been expanding their range in North America.

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Invasive species in Australia

Invasive species are a serious threat to the native biodiversity of Australia and are an ongoing cost to Australian agriculture.

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Invasive species in Japan

A number of introduced species, some of which have become invasive species, have been added to Japan's native flora and fauna.

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Invasive species in Mexico

Invasive species in Mexico are a major cause of biodiversity loss, altering ecosystems, affecting native species, damaging environmental services and public health, and causing economic losses.

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Invasive species in South America

Invasive species are a serious threat to the native biodiversity of South America and are an ongoing cost to South American agriculture.

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Invasive species in the United States

Invasive species are a significant threat to many native habitats and species of the United States and a significant cost to agriculture, forestry, and recreation.

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Invertebrate

Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord.

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Island restoration

The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups.

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John Wiley & Sons

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., also referred to as Wiley, is a global publishing company that specializes in academic publishing.

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Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHSPH) is part of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, United States.

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Katipo

The katipo (Latrodectus katipo) is an endangered species of spider native to New Zealand.

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Koedoe

Koedoe, subtitled African Protected Area Conservation and Science, is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering biology, ecology, and biodiversity conservation in Africa.

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Kudu

The kudus are two species of antelope of the genus Tragelaphus.

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Kudzu

Kudzu (also called Japanese arrowroot) is a group of plants in the genus Pueraria, in the pea family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae.

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Lampropholis delicata

The delicate skink, dark-flecked garden sun skink, garden skink or plague skink (Lampropholis delicata) is a skink of the subfamily Lygosominae, originally from Eastern Australia.

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Lasioglossum leucozonium

Lasioglossum leucozonium (Schrank, 1781), also known as Lasioglossum similis, is a widespread solitary sweat bee found in North America, Europe, Asia, and parts of northern Africa.

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List of California native plants

California native plants are plants that existed in California prior to the arrival of European explorers and colonists in the late 18th century.

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List of globally invasive species

This is a list of 100 of the "worst" invasive species in the Global Invasive Species Database,.

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List of introduced species

A complete list of introduced species for even quite small areas of the world would be dauntingly long.

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Lists of invasive species

These are lists of invasive species by country or region.

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Magnesium

Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.

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Malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.

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Marine Ecology Progress Series

The Marine Ecology Progress Series is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers all aspects of marine ecology.

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Microorganism

A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India and the 1st century BC book On Agriculture by Marcus Terentius Varro. Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation. In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax. Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse. Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Woese, all of the Archaea and Bacteria are microorganisms. These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotes, the other being the eukaryotes. The third domain Eukaryota includes all multicellular organisms and many unicellular protists and protozoans. Some protists are related to animals and some to green plants. Many of the multicellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae, but these are not discussed here. They live in almost every habitat from the poles to the equator, deserts, geysers, rocks and the deep sea. Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments. Microorganisms also make up the microbiota found in and on all multicellular organisms. A December 2017 report stated that 3.45 billion year old Australian rocks once contained microorganisms, the earliest direct evidence of life on Earth. Microbes are important in human culture and health in many ways, serving to ferment foods, treat sewage, produce fuel, enzymes and other bioactive compounds. They are essential tools in biology as model organisms and have been put to use in biological warfare and bioterrorism. They are a vital component of fertile soils. In the human body microorganisms make up the human microbiota including the essential gut flora. They are the pathogens responsible for many infectious diseases and as such are the target of hygiene measures.

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Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) is a major assessment of the human impact on the environment, called for by the United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan in 2000, launched in 2001 and published in 2005 with more than $14 million of grants.

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Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) is a government ministry of the Canadian province of Ontario that is responsible for Ontario’s provincial parks, forests, fisheries, wildlife, mineral aggregates and the Crown lands and waters that make up 87 per cent of the province.

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Mink

Mink are dark-colored, semiaquatic, carnivorous mammals of the genera Neovison and Mustela, and part of the family Mustelidae which also includes weasels, otters and ferrets.

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Miya's

Miya's is a restaurant in New Haven, Connecticut, United States, credited as the first sustainable sushi restaurant in the world.

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Mollusca

Mollusca is a large phylum of invertebrate animals whose members are known as molluscs or mollusksThe formerly dominant spelling mollusk is still used in the U.S. — see the reasons given in Gary Rosenberg's.

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Morphology (biology)

Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.

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Mute swan

The mute swan (Cygnus olor) is a species of swan and a member of the waterfowl family Anatidae.

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Myriophyllum spicatum

Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil or spiked water-milfoil) is native to Europe, Asia, and north Africa.

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Myxomatosis

Myxomatosis (sometimes shortened to "myxo" or "myxy") is a disease that affects rabbits, caused by the ''myxoma'' virus.

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Naturalisation (biology)

In biology, naturalisation (or naturalization) is any process by which a non-native organism or species spreads into the wild and its reproduction is sufficient to maintain its population.

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Neophyte (botany)

In botany, a neophyte (from Greek νέος (néos) "new" and φυτόν (phutón) "plant") is a plant species which is not native to a geographical region, and was introduced in recent history.

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Neotropical Ichthyology

Neotropical Ichtyhology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on all aspects of neotropical ichthyology.

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New Haven, Connecticut

New Haven is a coastal city in the U.S. state of Connecticut.

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New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Nile tilapia

The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a species of tilapia, a cichlid fish native to Africa from Egypt south to east and central Africa, and as far west as Gambia.

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Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.

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North America

North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.

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Northeastern United States

The Northeastern United States, also referred to as the American Northeast or simply the Northeast, is a geographical region of the United States bordered to the north by Canada, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Southern United States, and to the west by the Midwestern United States.

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Noxious weed

A noxious weed, harmful weed or injurious weed is a weed that has been designated by an agricultural authority as one that is injurious to agricultural or horticultural crops, natural habitats or ecosystems, or humans or livestock.

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Nutrient

A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce.

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Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters

The Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters (OFAH) was established in 1928, and is Canada's leading conservation organization, as well as a non-profit registered charity.

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Paragonimus westermani

Paragonimus westermani is the major species of lung fluke that infects humans, causing paragonimiasis.

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Passenger pigeon

The passenger pigeon or wild pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) is an extinct species of pigeon that was endemic to North America.

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Pest (organism)

A pest is a plant or animal detrimental to humans or human concerns including crops, livestock, and forestry.

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Pet food

Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption by pets.

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Phalacrognathus muelleri

Phalacrognathus muelleri, colloquially the rainbow stag beetle, is a species of beetle in the family Lucanidae.

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Pheromone trap

A pheromone trap is a type of insect trap that uses pheromones to lure insects.

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Phosphorus

Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15.

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Pinus radiata

Pinus radiata, family Pinaceae, the Monterey pine, insignis pine or radiata pine, is a species of pine native to the Central Coast of California and Mexico (Guadalupe Island and Cedros island).

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Plant community

A plant community (sometimes "phytocoenosis" or "phytocenosis") is a collection or association of plant species within a designated geographical unit, which forms a relatively uniform patch, distinguishable from neighboring patches of different vegetation types.

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Poaceae

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants known as grasses, commonly referred to collectively as grass.

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Polynesian rat

The Polynesian rat, or Pacific rat (Rattus exulans), known to the Māori as kiore, is the third most widespread species of rat in the world behind the brown rat and black rat.

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Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas

The population figures for indigenous peoples in the Americas before the 1492 voyage of Christopher Columbus have proven difficult to establish.

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Predation

Predation is a biological interaction where a predator (a hunting animal) kills and eats its prey (the organism that is attacked).

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) is the official scientific journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915.

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Proceedings of the Royal Society

Proceedings of the Royal Society is the parent title of two scientific journals published by the Royal Society.

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Propagule

In biology, a propagule is any material that functions in propagating an organism to the next stage in its life cycle, such as by dispersal.

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Propagule pressure

Propagule pressure (also termed introduction effort) is a composite measure of the number of individuals of a species released into a region to which they are not native.

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Pterois

Pterois is a genus of venomous marine fish, commonly known as lionfish, native to the Indo-Pacific.

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Pueraria montana

Pueraria montana is a species of plant in the botanical family Fabaceae.

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Quarantine

A quarantine is used to separate and restrict the movement of people; it is a 'a restraint upon the activities or communication of persons or the transport of goods designed to prevent the spread of disease or pests', for a certain period of time.

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Rabbit

Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha (along with the hare and the pika).

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Rail (bird)

The rails, or Rallidae, are a large cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized ground-living birds.

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Rainbow lorikeet

The rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus) is a species of parrot found in Australia.

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Range (biology)

In biology, the range of a species is the geographical area within which that species can be found.

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Red wolf

The red wolf (Canis lupus rufus or Canis rufus) also known as the Florida black wolf or Mississippi Valley wolf,Glover, A. (1942),, American Committee for International Wild Life Protection, pp.

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Redback spider

The redback spider (Latrodectus hasseltii) is a species of highly venomous spider believed to originate in the South Australian or adjacent Western Australian deserts, but now found throughout Australia, Southeast Asia and New Zealand, with colonies elsewhere outside Australia.

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Reproduction

Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parents".

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Restoration ecology

Restoration ecology is the scientific study supporting the practice of ecological restoration, which is the practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environment by active human intervention and action.

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Rodent

Rodents (from Latin rodere, "to gnaw") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws.

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Rubus

Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, with 250–700 species.

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Sailing ballast

Ballast is used in sailboats to provide moment to resist the lateral forces on the sail.

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Saint Lawrence Seaway

The Saint Lawrence Seaway (la Voie Maritime du Saint-Laurent) is a system of locks, canals, and channels in Canada and the United States that permits oceangoing vessels to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes of North America, as far inland as the western end of Lake Superior.

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Sea lamprey

The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is a parasitic lamprey native to the Northern Hemisphere.

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Sea of Azov

The Sea of Azov (Азо́вское мо́ре, Azóvskoje móre; Азо́вське мо́ре, Azóvśke móre; Azaq deñizi, Азакъ денъизи, ازاق دﻩﯕىزى) is a sea in Eastern Europe.

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Serpentine soil

Serpentine soil is mostly derived from ultramafic rocks; In particular, serpentinite, a rock formed by the hydration and metamorphic transformation of peridotite.

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Silver carp

The silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is a species of freshwater cyprinid fish, a variety of Asian carp native to China and eastern Siberia.

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Smallpox

Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.

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Smuggling Interdiction and Trade Compliance

The Smuggling Interdiction and Trade Compliance Program is a component of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ).

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South Georgia Island

South Georgia is an island in the southern Atlantic Ocean that is part of the British Overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

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Sparrow

Sparrows are a family of small passerine birds.

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Spartina alterniflora

Spartina alterniflora, the smooth cordgrass, saltmarsh cordgrass, or salt-water cordgrass, is a perennial deciduous grass which is found in intertidal wetlands, especially estuarine salt marshes.

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Spartina foliosa

Spartina foliosa is a species of grass known by the common name California cordgrass.

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Spatial scale

In sciences such as physics, geography, astronomy, meteorology and statistics, the term scale or spatial scale is used for describing or classifying with large approximation the extent or size of a length, distance or area studied or described.

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Species

In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity, but it has proven difficult to find a satisfactory definition.

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Species diversity

Species diversity is the number of different species that are represented in a given community (a dataset).

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Stapelia gigantea

Stapelia gigantea is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, native to south eastern Africa.

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Synanthrope

A synanthrope (from the Greek syn-, "together with" + anthro, "man") is a member of a species of wild animals and plants of various kinds that live near, and benefit from, an association with humans and the somewhat artificial habitats that humans create around them (see anthropophilia).

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Tamarix

The genus Tamarix (tamarisk, salt cedar) is composed of about 50–60 species of flowering plants in the family Tamaricaceae, native to drier areas of Eurasia and Africa.

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Taproot

A taproot is a large, central, and dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally.

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Taxon

In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from taxonomy) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.

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Terrestrial plant

A terrestrial plant is a plant that grows on or in or from land.

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The Baltimore Sun

The Baltimore Sun is the largest general-circulation daily newspaper based in the American state of Maryland and provides coverage of local and regional news, events, issues, people, and industries.

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The Naked Scientists

The Naked Scientists is a one-hour audience-interactive science radio talk show broadcast live by the BBC in the East of England, nationally by BBC Radio 5 Live and internationally on ABC Radio National, Australia; it is also distributed globally as a podcast.

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Tsetse fly

Tsetse, sometimes spelled tzetze and also known as tik-tik flies, are large biting flies that inhabit much of tropical Africa.

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Tsuga

Tsuga (from 栂 (ツガ), the name of Tsuga sieboldii) is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae.

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Typhus

Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus and murine typhus.

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Ulex

Ulex (commonly known as gorse, furze or whin) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.

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Ulmus americana

Ulmus americana, generally known as the American elm or, less commonly, as the white elm or water elm, is a species native to eastern North America, naturally occurring from Nova Scotia west to Alberta and Montana, and south to Florida and central Texas.

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Unilateralism

Unilateralism is any doctrine or agenda that supports one-sided action.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United States Department of Agriculture

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), also known as the Agriculture Department, is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for developing and executing federal laws related to farming, forestry, and food.

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United States dollar

The United States dollar (sign: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ and referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, or American dollar) is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution since 1792.

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United States Forest Service

The United States Forest Service (USFS) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture that administers the nation's 154 national forests and 20 national grasslands, which encompass.

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United States National Agricultural Library

The United States National Agricultural Library (NAL) is one of the world's largest agricultural research libraries, and serves as a national library of the United States and as the library of the United States Department of Agriculture.

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Varroa destructor

Varroa destructor (Varroa mite) is an external parasitic mite that attacks the honey bees Apis cerana and Apis mellifera.

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Vector (epidemiology)

In epidemiology, a disease vector is any agent that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism; most agents regarded as vectors are organisms, such as intermediate parasites or microbes, but it could be an inanimate medium of infection such as dust particles.

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Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium.

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Virus

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

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Waitakere Ranges

The Waitakere Ranges are a chain of hills in the Auckland Region, generally running approximately 25 km (15.5 mi) from north to south, 25 km west of central Auckland, New Zealand.

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Water hyacinth in Lake Victoria

Water hyacinth has become a major invasive plant species in Lake Victoria and while it is native to the continent of South America, human activity has introduced the greenery to Lake Victoria, where it is claimed to have negatively affected local ecosystems.

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Waterberg Biosphere

The Waterberg (Thaba Meetse) is a mountainous massif of approximately in north Limpopo Province, South Africa.

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West Coast of the United States

The West Coast or Pacific Coast is the coastline along which the contiguous Western United States meets the North Pacific Ocean.

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West Nile virus

West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever.

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Western honey bee

The western honey bee or European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bee worldwide.

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Western United States

The Western United States, commonly referred to as the American West, the Far West, or simply the West, traditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost states of the United States.

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White rhinoceros

The white rhinoceros or square-lipped rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) is the largest extant species of rhinoceros.

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White-tailed spider

White-tailed spiders are spiders native to southern and eastern Australia, and so named because of the whitish tips at the end of their abdomens.

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Wilderness

Wilderness or wildland is a natural environment on Earth that has not been significantly modified by human activity.

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Wildfire

A wildfire or wildland fire is a fire in an area of combustible vegetation that occurs in the countryside or rural area.

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Wildland–urban interface

A wildland–urban interface (or WUI) refers to the zone of transition between unoccupied land and human development.

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Wildlife trade

Wildlife trade refers to the commerce of products that are derived from non-domesticated animals or plants usually extracted from their natural environment or raised under controlled conditions.

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World Resources Institute

The World Resources Institute (WRI) is a global research non-profit organization that was established in 1982 with funding from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation under the leadership of James Gustave Speth.

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Yellow fever

Yellow fever is a viral disease of typically short duration.

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Zebra mussel

The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) is a small freshwater mussel.

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Zero-sum game

In game theory and economic theory, a zero-sum game is a mathematical representation of a situation in which each participant's gain or loss of utility is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the utility of the other participants.

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8-Hydroxyquinoline

8-Hydroxyquinoline is an organic compound with the formula C9H7NO.

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Redirects here:

Beneficial effects of invasive species, Bioinvader, Bioinvasion, Biological invasion, Commercial use of invasive species, Eating invasive species, Economic effects of invasive species, Economic impact of invasive species, Economic impacts of invasive species, Edible invasive species, Environmental weed, Environmental weeds, Foreign invasive species, Impacts of Invasive Species, Imported pests, Introduced animals, Invasive (species), Invasive Ecology, Invasive Plants, Invasive Species, Invasive alien species, Invasive animal, Invasive exotic, Invasive exotic species, Invasive exotics, Invasive insects, Invasive non-native species, Invasive organism, Invasive plant, Invasive plant species, Invasive plants, Invasive vegetation, Invasive weed, Invasive weeds, Invasivorism, Mechanisms of Plant Invasion, Non native species, Plant invasion, Species invasion, Species invasions, Unforeseen effects of species introduction.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive_species

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