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35 relations: Action potential, Active transport, Afterdepolarization, Antiporter, Archaea, Bacteria, C2 domain, Calcium, Calcium in biology, Cardiac action potential, Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling, Cell (biology), Cell membrane, Electrochemical gradient, Endoplasmic reticulum, Excitotoxicity, Gene duplication, Ion, L-type calcium channel, Membrane protein, Muscle contraction, Na+/K+-ATPase, Neuron, Neurosecretion, Photoreceptor cell, Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase, Potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger, Protein dimer, Protein quaternary structure, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sarcoplasmic reticulum, Squid giant axon, Transmembrane domain, Transport protein, X-ray crystallography.
Action potential
In physiology, an action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific axon location rapidly rises and falls: this depolarisation then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarise.
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Active transport
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration—in the direction against the concentration gradient.
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Afterdepolarization
Afterdepolarizations are abnormal depolarizations of cardiac myocytes that interrupt phase 2, phase 3, or phase 4 of the cardiac action potential in the electrical conduction system of the heart.
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Antiporter
An antiporter (also called exchanger or counter-transporter) is a cotransporter and integral membrane protein involved in secondary active transport of two or more different molecules or ions across a phospholipid membrane such as the plasma membrane in opposite directions.
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Archaea
Archaea (or or) constitute a domain of single-celled microorganisms.
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Bacteria
Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.
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C2 domain
A C2 domain is a protein structural domain involved in targeting proteins to cell membranes.
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Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
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Calcium in biology
Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a vital role in the physiology and biochemistry of organisms and the cell.
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Cardiac action potential
The cardiac action potential is a brief change in voltage (membrane potential) across the cell membrane of heart cells.
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Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling (Cardiac EC coupling) describes the series of events, from the production of an electrical impulse (action potential) to the contraction of muscles in the heart.
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Cell (biology)
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.
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Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
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Electrochemical gradient
An electrochemical gradient is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane.
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Endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae.
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Excitotoxicity
Excitotoxicity is the pathological process by which nerve cells are damaged or killed by excessive stimulation by neurotransmitters such as glutamate and similar substances.
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Gene duplication
Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is a major mechanism through which new genetic material is generated during molecular evolution.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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L-type calcium channel
The L-type calcium channel (also known as the dihydropyridine channel, or DHP channel) is part of the high-voltage activated family of voltage-dependent calcium channel.
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Membrane protein
Membrane proteins are proteins that interact with, or are part of, biological membranes.
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Muscle contraction
Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle fibers.
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Na+/K+-ATPase
-ATPase (sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, also known as the pump or sodium–potassium pump) is an enzyme (an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase) found in the plasma membrane of all animal cells.
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Neuron
A neuron, also known as a neurone (British spelling) and nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
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Neurosecretion
Neurosecretion is the storage, synthesis and release of hormones from neurons.
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Photoreceptor cell
A photoreceptor cell is a specialized type of neuroepithelial cell found in the retina that is capable of visual phototransduction.
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Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase
The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a transport protein in the plasma membrane of cells and functions to remove calcium (Ca2+) from the cell.
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Potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger
Potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger also known as solute carrier family 24 (SLC24) is a type of sodium-calcium exchanger that requires potassium to function.
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Protein dimer
In biochemistry, a protein dimer is a macromolecular complex formed by two protein monomers, or single proteins, which are usually non-covalently bound.
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Protein quaternary structure
Protein quaternary structure is the number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex.
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a species of yeast.
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a membrane-bound structure found within muscle cells that is similar to the endoplasmic reticulum in other cells.
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Squid giant axon
The squid giant axon is the very large (up to 1 mm in diameter; typically around 0.5 mm) axon that controls part of the water jet propulsion system in squid.
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Transmembrane domain
Transmembrane domain usually denotes a transmembrane segment of single alpha helix of a transmembrane protein.
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Transport protein
A transport protein (variously referred to as a transmembrane pump, transporter, escort protein, acid transport protein, cation transport protein, or anion transport protein) is a protein that serves the function of moving other materials within an organism.
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X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography is a technique used for determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline atoms cause a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium-calcium_exchanger
